SAE Baja Ergonomic Evaluation

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Nina Phanthanousy, Paulo Davila, Zak Karstetter, Rashaad Swanson, Betsy Durnin Baja SAE All-Terrain Vehicle HFS535-01 December 11, 2011
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Ergonomic evaluation of Embry Riddle Aeronautical University's SAE all women Baja team.

Transcript of SAE Baja Ergonomic Evaluation

Nina Phanthanousy, Paulo Davila, Zak Karstetter, Rashaad Swanson, Betsy Durnin

Baja SAE All-Terrain

Vehicle

HFS535-01December 11, 2011

OVERVIEW

BackgroundCurrent chassisEmerging issues RecommendationsAnalysisResultsConclusion

• SAE Internationals Baja competition open to engineering students all over the globe.

• Originated at the University of South Carolina in 1976

• Objective is to design, build, test and compete

• Design for cost effective , reliable, maintainable, and ergonomic engineering.

• ERAU has the only all female team

GIRL POWER!

Background

Current Chassis

Requirements for Consideration • fit 5th% female

to 95th% male • Safety distances

between person and structure.• Seat •Wheel assembly• Kill switch

Survey Analysis: Background

Musculoskeletal Disorder

Marshall and Mansfield (2001)

Experiment • Purpose : Musculoskeletal Disorder in Rally Racing Drivers• Participants : 118• Requirements : 10 days minimum of rally racing • Results: 70% Lumbar Spine Discomfort

54% Cervical Spine Discomfort Survey • Nordic Muscular Skeletal Questionnaire • UK Medical Research Council survey

Survey Analysis

Section A• Whole Body

Symptoms

• Intensity of pain

Section B• Demographic

Survey Analysis Section C• Hand Wrist

Symptoms

• Pain Description

Section D• Outside

Exposure to vibrations

• Health Conditions

Survey Analysis : Results

Whole-Body Vibrations • Increased

Heart Rate• Muscle

Tension• Herniated Disc("Whole-body vibration," )

Survey Analysis : Results • Herniated Disc : Lumbar ("University of

Maryland," 9)• Pain/ Numbness in Legs• Reflexes Negatively Impacted• Muscle Weakness• Shoulder/ Arm pain if Herniated Disc in Neck

• Recommendation

What is it?

Why is it important?

New lumbar Support Test

HF perspective

Lumbar Support

Reach Availability

2 ModelsFigure ModelData Collection & Modeling Approach

Figure Model• Definition• Disadvantages• Advantages

Data Collection &Modeling Approach

DefinitionAdvantagesPilot Study

Proposed Ergonomic Changes and Recommendations

Seat Adjustability and ComfortNo current adjustability

Steering Wheel AdjustmentWrist Restraints

Ergonomic Survey AnalysisOverview of areas of

discomfort and pain

Segment ScoreRange

Color associated to the score

1 2 3 4 5 6

Upper arm 1 to 6            

Forearm 1 to 3            

Wrist 1 to 4            

Wrist twist 1 to 2            

Neck 1 to 6            

Trunk 1 to 6            

RULA Analysis Risk analysis tool in CATIA that looks at human activity, for example, the right or left side of a manikin and its posture (static, intermittent, and repeated). Green indicates that the posture is acceptable if the posture is not being repeated over long periods of time. Yellow indicates that further investigation is required and changes may be needed. Orange indicates that further investigation and changes must be made. Red indicates further investigate and changes must be immediate.

Cannot accommodate the smallest statured person comfortably, creates arm strain and fatigue in trying

to maintain the reach

Make column adjustable hole and closed pin system in the

steering shaft to extend the overall length.

Baja vehicle chassis in CATIA steering column is 17.5 in. = L and 1 in. = D

Steering Wheel

Lower Column 15” 1” OD 7/8” ID ¼” holes

1st hole is 4” from top 2” spacing between

Upper Column 15” 7/8” OD ¾” ID ¼” holes

1st hole 2” from end 2” Spacing

6” of adjustability 16”-22” in overall length

The respective closed pin is 1-3/8” in length and will go completely through column for stability.

Kill Switch

Steering Wheel

No Seat in the model!

Racing-style Seat

Added Seat Rails 4.5” of adjustability

Positioned all the way back like actual car

Seat

5% Female – Base Fitting

5% Female – Base RULA Scores

95% Male – Base Fitting

95% Male – Base RULA Scores

5% Female – Adjustable Column RULA Scores

95% Male – Adjustable Column RULA Scores

5% Female – Adjustable Column & Seat Fitting

5% Female – Adjustable Column & Seat RULA Scores

ERAU Baja team is one of many teams that is compromised of engineering students from universities across the globe who annually participate in a competition that includes the design, build, and testing of a motor vehicle for the society of automotive engineers.

Three different emerging issues were discussed and analyzed to show ergonomic improvement in the design of the Baja vehicle seat adjustability and comfort, steering wheel adjustment ergonomic analysis on body positioning and discomfort during and after

driving the Baja vehicle Analysis was done using CATIA human builder and computer aided

design manikins ninety-fifth percentile male fifth percentile female categories

RULA analysis used for an ideal reach envelope showed improvements in scores and ratings

Conclusion

References• Angeli, E., Wagner, J., Lawrick, E., Moore, K., Anderson, M., Soderlund, L., & Brizee, A. (2010, May 5).

General format. Retrieved from http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/• Kamel, H. (2012, April 14). Car seat. Retrieved from http://grabcad.com/library/car-seat--6 • Kolich, Mike (June 23,2009). Repeatability, Reproducibility, and Validity of a New Method for

Characterizing Lumbar Support in Automotive Seating. Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 51: 193. Retrieved from http://hfes.sagepub.com/content/51/2/193.html

• Kroemer, K., Kroemer, H., & Kroemer-Elbert, K. (2001). Ergonomics how to design for ease and efficiency. (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall.

• Mansfield, N. J., & Marshall, J. M. (2001). Symptoms of musculoskeletal disorders in stage rally drivers and co-drivers. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 35(5), 314-20. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.libproxy.db.erau.edu/docview/194477661?accountid=27203

• Reed, M., Parkinson, M., & Chaffin, D. (2003). A new approach to modeling driver reach. SAE Technical Paper Series, Retrieved from http://www.openlab.psu.edu/papers/Reed2003a.pdf

• Rula analysis. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://maruf.ca/files/catiahelp/haaug_C2/haaugbt0100.htm. Society of Automotive Engineers. (2013). SAE International. Retrieved from http://www.sae.org/

• University of Maryland spine program a patient's guide lumbar herniated disc. (9, 28 2007). Retrieved from http://www.umm.edu/spinecenter/education/lumbar_herniated_disc.htm

• Whole-body vibration. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.tdi.texas.gov/pubs/videoresource/stpwhbody.pdf

• http://sae.multiview.com/userlogo/sae/ps/6803v3v1.jpg