Funded by

EUGCCCLEANENERGYNETWORKIIJoinus:www.eugcc-cleanergy.netContactus:contact@eugcc-cleanergy.net

Funded by

Thesunasenergysource

Funded by

Thesunasenergysource

Funded by

Thesunasenergysource

• Thesolarcomponents• Radiationcanbetransmitted,

absorbed,orscattered bytheatmosphere

• Threefundamentalcomponentsofsolarradiation:global,direct,anddiffusesolarradiation.

• InCSPonlydirectradiationisused

• DNI:DirectNormalIrradiation

Funded by

Thesunasenergysource

Advantages• Abundant andrenewable

• Geographicallydistributed

• Highexergy content

Disadvantages• Intermittent

• Variable

• Relativelylowsurfacedensity

Funded by

CSPTechnology:thebasics

CSPsystem Turbineand

generator

Electricgrid

ü Steam ü Power

Funded by

CSPTechnology:thebasics

Funded by

CSPTechnology:thebasics

Solarto

thermal

Thermalto

work

Solartowork

Funded by

CSPTechnology:thebasics

• Whyconcentration?Efficiency(%)

Operatingtemperature(K)

SolartothermalThermaltowork

Solartowork

• Thermallossesofthereceiverdependmainlyontwoparameters:Area &Temperature

• Thermodynamic cycleefficiencydependsmainlyonTemperature

• IfIwanttoincreasethetemperatureinordertoincreasethethermodynamiccycleefficiency…

• …Theonlywaytokeepthesamethermallossesistoreducethearea…

• Thatmeansconcentration!

Funded by

CSPTechnology:thebasics

• Whyconcentration?• Relationshipbetween:Temperature,

EfficiencyandConcentration.

Funded by

CSPTechnologyoptions

• LinearFocus– 2D(max.C~100)

LinearFresnel

Absorber tube and secondary concentrator

Flat or slightly curved reflector

Parabolic Trough

Funded by

CSPTechnology:options

• PointFocus– 3D(max.C~ 10000)

ParabolicDish/Engine(Stirling)CentralReceiver(Tower)

Funded by

CSPTechnologyoptions

• SummaryCentral Receiver

(C~200-1000)Dish Stirling

(C~1000-2000)

Parabolic Trough(C ~50)

Funded by

CSPTechnologyoptions

Parabolic Trough

CentralReceiver(Tower) ParabolicDish(Stirling)

Absorber tube and secondary concentrator

Flat or slightly curved reflector

LinearFresnel

Funded by

ParabolicTrough

• SolarCollector

AbsorberTube

ParabolicshapedreflectorSteelStructure

Pylons Foundations

Funded by

ParabolicTrough

• SolarCollector• CollectorSize

o Width:5to5,76m,

o Length:100or150m

• Loop

o 600or800m,

o 4x150mor8x100m

Funded by

ParabolicTrough

• Absorbertube

Funded by

ParabolicTrough

• Absorbertube

Steelpipewithselectivecoating

Glasscover

'Getter'tokeep andmaintainthevacuum Expansionbellows

GlasspintoevacuatetheairVacuumbetweentheglasscover

andthesteelpipe

Glass-to-Metalwelding

Funded by

ParabolicTrough

SolarField

Powerconversionsystem

Funded by

ParabolicTrough

• Plantschemes:Withoutstorage

Steamgenerator

.

Deaerator

Reheater

Oilexpansion vessel

Auxiliarheater

Solarcollectors

Steamturbine

Condenser

Preheater

295ºCoil

390ºCoil

104bar/371ºCsteam

OilCircuit

17bar/371ºCsteam

G

Funded by

ParabolicTrough

• Plantschemes:With(indirect)thermalstorage

Steamgenerator

. Deaerator

ReheaterOil expansion vessel

Steam turbine

Condenser

Preheater

Superheated steam

Reheated steam

GMolten salts

(hot tank)

Sol

ar F

ield

Molten salts(cold tank)

Steamgenerator

. Deaerator

ReheaterOil expansion vessel

Steam turbine

Condenser

Preheater

Superheated steam

Reheated steam

GMolten salts

(hot tank)Molten salts

(hot tank)

Sol

ar F

ield

Molten salts(cold tank)

Molten salts(cold tank)

Funded by

ParabolicTrough

• Plantschemes:ISCC(IntegratedSolarCombinedCycle)

Gasturbine124MW

Steamturbine94MW

Condenser

Steam540°C,100bar

StackExhaust100°C

395°C

Electricitytothegrid

ParabolicTrough field

295°C

Storage

Airandvapour

Air Air

G~

HRSGSolarHX

CoolingTower

G~

Funded by

CSPTechnologyoptions

Parabolic Trough

CentralReceiver(Tower) ParabolicDish(Stirling)

Absorber tube and secondary concentrator

Flat or slightly curved reflector

LinearFresnel

Funded by

LinearFresnel

Absorbertube

Rectangularflatreflectors

Funded by

LinearFresnel

• SolarCollector

§ Red line shows one LFR module (1733 m2)

1.1 m

31 m77.5 m

10 m

3 m2.25 m

13 m

Funded by

LinearFresnel

• Receiver

Secondary concentrator

Evacuated Absorber tube

Funded by

LinearFresnel

• Solarfield

• Minimizesterrainusage

• Maximizesproduction

• Landoccupationfactor71%(PT<30%)

Funded by

• PlantSchemes:DirectSteamGeneration(DSG)

LinearFresnel

Funded by

CSPTechnologyoptions

Parabolic Trough

CentralReceiver(Tower) ParabolicDish(Stirling)

Absorber tube and secondary concentrator

Flat or slightly curved reflector

LinearFresnel

Funded by

CentralReceiver(Tower)

Heliostats field

Receiver

Power Conversion System

Tower

Funded by

CentralReceiver(Tower)

Funded by

CentralReceiver(Tower)

• Heliostat

Funded by

CentralReceiver(Tower)

• HeliostatdevelopmentsBright Source 15m2

ATS150 m2

EASY 3-7 m2CESA 40m2

SANLUCAR 120 m2

Funded by

CentralReceiver(Tower)

• SolarField

Funded by

CentralReceiver(Tower)

• ReceiverGeometry– External– Cavity– Volumetric

Funded by

CentralReceiver(Tower)

• HeatTransferFluid– Water/Steam

• Saturated• Superheated

Funded by

CentralReceiver(Tower)

• HeatTransferFluid– MoltenSalts

Funded by

CentralReceiver(Tower)

• HeatTransferFluid– Air

Funded by

CSPTechnologyoptions

Parabolic Trough

CentralReceiver(Tower) ParabolicDish(Stirling)

Absorber tube and secondary concentrator

Flat or slightly curved reflector

LinearFresnel

Funded by

ParabolicDish(Stirling)

Parabolicconcentrator

Receiver

Engine(Stirling)

Funded by

ParabolicDish(Stirling)

• Engine(Stirlingengine)• Theoreticalefficiency=CarnotEfficiency

• Realefficiencies40%.

Funded by

ParabolicDish(Stirling)

• Developments

SBP/Solo

Boeing

SAIC/STM

Infinia

EURODISHDISTAL

Funded by

Conclusions

• ConcentratingsolarthermaltechnologiesarenotNEW– Proveofconceptinthe80’s(demonstrationandcommercial)– Largenumberofcommercialexperiencessincethelast10years– Fourmaintechnologiesalreadyavailable,severaltechnologicaloptions.

• Theyhaveahugepotential.

• WhatistheChallenge?– ThechallengeistoproduceelectricityfromConcentratingThermalSolar

Technologiesatacompetitivecost.