s3 3 Unit Operation 1
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Transcript of s3 3 Unit Operation 1
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Session 3.3
Aspen Hysys -Unit Operation
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Revise
Cch thit lp mt qu trnh m phng?
Tin hnh m phng trn Aspen Hysys
Basis Manager: component, FP, hypothetical,RXN,..
Simulation Enviroment:
+ Thm dng vt cht (tnh ton flash, s dngutilities, in bo co stream v workbook)
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Unit operation
Steady state Unsteady state
Physical Reactors(General, CSTR, PFR)
Movers (Pump, Compressor, Expander, Valve)
Mixer
Splitter (Tee)Exchangers (Air Cooler, Heater/Cooler, Heat
Exchanger, S&T LNG)
Flash Drums (2-phase (VL), 3-phase (VLL))
Separators (Component Splitter, Distiller,
Absorber, CycloneCyclone, Gas filterfilter, Extractor)
Pipe segment
Tank
FurnaceF
Air Cooler
Logical Set
Adjust
Recycle
Balance
Spreadsheet
PID Controller
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Phng php Thc hin
S dng thanhmenu
T mc Flowsheet trn thanh menu, la chn AddOperationHocnF12.
CasUnitOpssxuthin.SdngWorkbook M Workbook v chuyn n mc UnitOps, sau
kch vo nt AddUnitOp.CasUnitOpssxuthin.
Sdngbngni T mc FlowSheet trn thanh menu, la chn OpenObject Palette, hoc n F4. Kch p vo biu tngcathitbm chng ta munnhp.
S dng bng nikt hp vi s trn mn hnh
Sdngchutphi,ko v thbiu tng tbngnivo strn mn hnh.
Cch a cc thit b votrong PFD
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Cch 2. UnitOps (F12)
Cch 1.Object Palette (F4)
Cch a cc thit b votrong PFD
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Kt ni dng vi cc thit b Open unit operation window
Choose stream to connect from Inlet and Outlet drop down menus
Some unit operations require energy streams as well
If the name of a stream that does not exist is entered manually, HYSYS
will create that stream
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3.3.1. Pumps
Mc ch: tng p sut ca dng lng vo. Tythuc vo tham s c khai bo ban u s tnhton nhit , p sut cha bit, hoc cng sut
ca bm Mc tiu:
Thit lp c bm trong Hysys m phng ccqu trnh bm
Kt ni cc dng vi thit b
Xc nh cng sut ca bm v nhit dng ra
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Pumps - Nguyn l tnh ton
Cc tnh ton c da trn phng trnh chun cho cng sut,s dng tng p, tc v cng dng chy:
Trong : Pout= p sut dng ra
Pin = p sut dng vo bm
DensityLiquid
RateFlowPPquiredPower inoutideal
)(Re
Cng sut cn thit thc t ca my bm c xc nh theo
hiu sut bm:%100
Re
Re(%)
actual
ideal
quiredPower
quiredPowerEfficiency
Khi hiusutnhhn100%, nng lngdscdng tngnhitcadng ra.
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Pumps - Nguyn l tnh ton
Kthpnhngphngtrnh trn, sccng sutcnthitthctcamy bm:
(%)
%100)(Re
EfficiencyDensityLiquid
RateFlowPPquiredPower inoutideal
Nu nh dng nguyn liu c xc nh y , ch cn cung cphai trong nhng bin sau Pumpc th tnh ton tt c cc bin chabit:
p sut dng ra hoc s gim p sutHiu sutNng lng bm
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Pumps - Design
Pumps can be specified in two ways:If inlet and outlet streams connected to a pump are fully specified, then
nothing needs to be specified in the pump unit operation
If outlet pressure is not specified, then a pressure differential across the
pump, or a duty must be specified
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PumpsExample
Dng Feed:
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PumpsExample
Thit lp pump vi cc thng s sau:
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PumpsExample
Kt qu
Ch rngnunhbnkhngchn On Pump Switch, trngthi ca dng Feed s c
chuynthngsang Outlet.
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3.3.2. Compressor/Expander
Mc ch: My nn (Compressor) l thit b dng tng p sut dng kh
vo. Ph thuc cc thng tin c cho trc, my nn s tnhton cc tnh cht khc ca dng (nh p sut hay nhit )
hoc hiu sut nn. Tuc bin gin n kh (Expander) l thit b c s dng lmgim p ca dng kh vo c p sut cao to ra dng ra vip sut thp v vn tc nhanh. Qu trnh gin n bao gm qutrnh chuyn ni nng ca kh sang ng nng v cui cng lsang cng c ch.
Mc tiu:Sau khi hc xong ngi s dng c th: Thao tc vi Compressor/Expander trong Hysys m phng
qu trnh ch bin kh Xc nh cng sut ca Compressor/Expander v nhit u
ra ca dng
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Compressor/ExpanderNguyn l
i vi my nn, hiu sut ng entropy c tnh bng t s ca nng lng ngentropy yu cu cho qu trnh nn vi nng lng yu cu thc t
i vi thit b Expander, hiu sut c cho l t s ca nng lng thc t c to ratrong qu trnh gin vi nng lng to ra trong mt qu trnh gin ng entropy
Power Requiredactual= Heat FlowoutletHeat Flowinlet
Power Producedactual= Heat FlowoutletHeat Flowinlet
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Compressor/ExpanderNguyn l
Hiu sut
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Compressor/ExpanderCc hng gii quyt
Khng dng th Dng th
Bit Flow ratev Inlet Pressure
Khai bo Outlet Pressure
Khai bo Adiabatic or Polytropic efficiency
(Hiu sut ca ch on nhit hoc a bin)
HYSYS s tnh ton c:Required Energy
Outlet temperature
Other efficiency
Bit Flow ratev Inlet pressure
Khai bo Operating speed
HYSYS s dng biu Xc lp Efficiency
Xc lp HeadHYSYS tnh ton:
outlet pressure,
outlet temperature,
applied duty
Bit Flow ratev Inlet Pressure
Khai bo Efficiencyand Duty(Hiu sut v Nng sut)
HYSYS s tnh ton:Outlet pressure
Outlet temperature
Other efficiency
Bit Flow rate vefficiency
HYSYS ni suy t biu xc lp:operating speed
head
HYSYS tnh ton:
outlet pressure
outlet temperature
applied duty
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Mc Connection tng t nh vi my pump
Parameters Page
Compressor/ExpanderDesign
Nu khng s dng cc th, cung
cp bn trong s cc bin s sau,v gi tr th 5 s c tnh ton,theo cng sut:Nhit dng vop sut dng voNhit dng ra
p sut dng raHiu sut
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Tab Rating
Tab Rating bao gm 4 trang: th(Curves), Gii hn dng (Flow Limits),Nozzles, v Inertia.
Curves Page
1. Chn hp Enable Curves.2. La chn hiu sut on nhit hay a
bin, s dng phm tng ng. y l cs xc nh gi tr hiu sut dng vo.
3. Bm vo phm Add Curve vo giao dinCurve.
4. Trn giao din hin th Curve, bn c thnhp cc im d kin Flow, Head v%Efficiency, cng nh gi tr Speed chomt th n.
5. Vi mi th thm vo, thao tc li bc3 v 4. Loi hiu sut phi thng nht vi
tt c th a vo.
Compressor/ExpanderDesign
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Dng nguyn liu
Compressor/ExpanderExample
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Thit lp My nn
Compressor/ExpanderExample
1. Trn trang Parameter, xa gi trAdiabatic Efficiency mc nh. C hiusut on nhit v a bin nn
trng trnh li khng ng nhthoc cung cp tha c tnh cho mynn.
2. Vo tab Rating, v m trang Curves.3. Chc chn rng phm on nhit
(Adiabatic) trong nhm Efficiency
c chn.4. Chn hp Enable Curves, v bmvo phm Add Curve.
5. Hon thnh thit lp th nh tronggiao din sau.
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Cc iu kin ca dng ra c th c xem tab Performanceca bng hin th tnh cht Compressorv c biu din nh bng di y:
Compressor/ExpanderExample
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3.3.3. Heater and Cooler
L thit b trao i nhit mt chiu. Dng vo c lm lnh hocgia nhit t c iu kin yu cu dng ra. Dng nng lnghp th (hoc cung cp) do chnh lch Enthalpy gia hai dng.Cng c m phng ny hu ch khi ch quan tm ti dng nnglng yu cu bao nhiu lm lnh hoc gia nhit dng qu trnh,
m khng quan tm n iu kin khc.
Biu tng Cooler Biu tng Heater
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Heater and CoolerNguyn l
Cooler v Heater s dng cng mt phng trnh c s. Skhc nhau theo quy c v du. Xc nh r dng nng lngtuyt i ca cc dng v Hysys s thm cc gi tr sau:
- Vi Cooler, Enthalpy v dng nhit nng b tr t dng vo:
Heat Flowinlet- Dutycooler= Heat Flowoutlet
- Vi Heater, dng nhit nng c cng vo:
Heat Flowinlet+ Dutycooler= Heat Flowoutlet
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Heater and CoolerDesign
Like pumps, heaters and coolers can be specified in two ways
If both the inlet and outlet streams are fully specified, then nothing needsto be specified in the pump unit operation
If the outlet stream is underspecified, then the heater or cooler can be
solved by specifying the pressure differential and/or the duty
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Heater and CoolerExample
Mt dng kh cn lm lnh tnhit 60F ti 105F vi gim p sut 15 psi.
PropertyPackage
Components
Peng
Robinson
Nitrogen, Carbon
Dioxide, C1, C2,
C3, i-C4, n-C4, i-
C5, n-C5, n-C6, n-
C7, n-C8
Worksheet
[Conditions]
Temperature 60.0000 FPressure 600.0000 psi
Molar Flow 100.0000 lbmole/hr
Worksheet
[Composition]
Nitrogen 0.0149
CO2 0.0020
Methane 0.9122
Ethane 0.0496
Propane 0.0148
i-Butane 0.0026
n-Butane 0.0020
i-Pentane 0.0010
n-Pentane 0.0006
n-Hexane 0.0001
n-Heptane 0.0001
n-Octane 0.0001
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Heater and CoolerExample
Kt qu
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3.3.4. Shortcut distillation
Mc ch: xc nh nhanh s a l thuyt ti u ng vi t s hilu ca thp
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Cu t(Component)
Mole Fraction
Ethylene 0.0002
Ethane 0.0002
Propene 0.5734
Propane 0.0246
i-Butane 0.0051
i-Butene 0.0489
1-Butene 0.0235
13-Butadiene 0.1295
n-Butane 0.0032
cis2-Butene 0.0061
tr2-Butene 0.0072
n-Pentane 0.031
n-Hexane 0.028
n-Octane 0.0255
Toluene 0.0936
Tn dng
(Name)
Feed
Temperature
(oC)
83.3
Pressure (bar) 24
Flowrate (kg/h) 24000
Dng nguyn liu c thm vo vi s liu sau
Shortcut distillation
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Trn Connections page ca design tab nhp y cc thng tin chodng c kt ni vi thit b:
Shortcut distillation
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Trn Parameters page ca design tab nhp y cc thng s hotng ca thp:
Shortcut distillation
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Sau khi nhp y s liu, Hysys s tnh ton, kt qu tnh ton chin th trn Performance tab.
Shortcut distillation
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S liu kho st th hin di dng bng:
Shortcut distillation
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S liu kho st th hin di dng th:
Shortcut distillation
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th thu c khi x l s liu thu c t Hysys.
Shortcut distillation
Khao sat so dia ly thuyet toi uu
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
8590
95
1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2 2.25 2.5 2.75
Rf
N(Rf+1)
+ Ch s hi lu l 1.75+ S a l thuyt ti ul 28 a+ a np liu ti u: as 4
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Others Modules
Mixers/Tees Recycle operations Splitters
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Task 3.3
Nhm
c v dch ti liu 3.3.2. HYSYS styrene InductiveHn np:
c thm ti liu SSModel
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W l 10% f h t d 20% f h t h 30% f h t 50% f h t d h
Learning outcome in Session 3.3
Thnh tho cc thao tc vi Hysys
Cch thm mt s cc Unit phc v cho
cc bi ton (a cc thng s, kt ni vidng,..)
Hiu c mc ch, cch thc hot ngca mt s cc thit b. n li kin thc camn thit b phn ng v mn Thit b trongcng ngh Lc du