S18_The Louisiana Quadrangle Map Series (1)

7/29/2019 S18_The Louisiana Quadrangle Map Series (1)

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Sean Deinert, Director of Technical OperationsSean Hodges, Senior Spatial Analyst

Jay Clark, Roads Product ManagerGDM International Services, Inc. - Middleburg, VA

LTC2013


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Catalhyk, Turkey 6200 BCMap of Babylon ca. 900 BCMediterranean Sea Chart 1320 ADDutch Map of the World 1689 ADNew Orleans East USGS Quadrangle Map 1992


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Collection takes time

Production takes time

Updating is outpaced by real change

Inconsistent updating leads to inconsistencies

Costs to update outweigh benefit of the update


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As lines cross map boundaries they do not meet their counterpart on the next map.


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USGS maps are comprised of seven framework themes (water, elevation,

transportation, boundaries, benchmarks, vegetation, and structures). USGS did not

update all themes simultaneously. On this map, USGS has not updated the

hypsography theme. So, the old elevation contours (brown) lie in the updated water

(blue). The thick red lines show the photo-revised shoreline and other water features

from the 2004 orthophotos.


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The yellow lines are where best-available digital data show the land-water boundary.

The image is post hurricane orthophotography. Neither match the maps.


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AL

AK

TX

MS

Map Age as of February 2013

5 - 9 Years 14 Quads (2%)

10 - 14 Years 149 Quads (17%)

15 - 19 Years 167 Quads (19%)

20 - 24 Years 212 Quads (24%)

25 - 29 Years 104 Quads (12%)

30+ Years 233 Quads (26%)

DOTD Revised

Age of USGS 7.5-Minute Quadrangle Map Series in Louisiana


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All paper maps are 5 years or older

98% of paper maps are 10 years or older

81% of paper maps are 15 years or older

62% of paper maps are 20 years or older 38% of paper maps are 25 years or older

The Catahoula Quad is 113 years old!


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1928Act 159 of 1928 establishes topographic mapping authority

2000The USGS ceases Topographic Map Program

2002The National Map becomes USGS mapping priority

2007USGS announced that it had no further work to complete in Louisiana

Aug. 2007DOTD partners with GDM International Services Inc to provide

topographic mapping services for the State.

2007 - The Louisiana Seamless GIS Basemap Project begins with 4 main goals:

Denote and acquire best available digital data from Local, State, and Federal sources

Assess, revise, and compile sources into Seamless GIS Basemap

Update National Hydrography Dataset watershed within project area

Create USGS-like Topographic Maps for distribution

2010Act 782 of 2010 establishes La. R. S. 48:36 Topographic Mapping


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Develop and maintain a statewide digital geospatial database

Act as authority for geographic names

Set standards for the mapping of topographic features

Plan and manage data collection for incorporation into a

statewide database

Promulgate rules and regulations as are necessary for theplanning and managing of the geospatial data.


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Support the geospatial information and technologyrequirements of LADOTD, Louisiana, and all other GIS users

Meet the AAAAA Data Standard

Accurate

Authoritative

Actionable

Accessible

Affordable

Establish and implement geospatial data standards, providedata access, management, and distribution


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Factor Contribution to Data Quality

Accurate The data adequately represents the state of the world in

space and time. Locations have sufficient precision for

their scale of use and data are current.

Authoritative The source of the data provides sufficient quality controlto ensure its veracity and reliability.

Actionable The data are well documented with metadata, require little

further assessment or manipulation, and can be put to

immediate use.

Accessible The data are discoverable and available through directdownload or Service Oriented Architecture (SOA). Data

can be searched directly, selected, and accessed without

intervention by its provider.

Affordable The data can be accessed with little or no cost to the user.


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Lakeshore Drive, Baton Rouge 1998Lakeshore Drive, Baton Rouge 2004Lakeshore Drive, Baton Rouge 2005Lakeshore Drive, Baton Rouge 2008Lakeshore Drive, Baton Rouge 2010

1:1,000 scale


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BLM, Census, State Data

Orthophotography

LiDAR

USGS NHD

Census, State Data

BLM, Census, State Data

USGS Quads, DOQQ

GNIS, Local Data

Traditional Basemap

Sources

Land Use

Vegetation

Contours

Hydrography

Transportation

Boundaries

Structures

Annotation

LA Seamless

Database

New Digital

Database Format


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1998 Lower Vacherie Quad

USGS 7.5 Quadrangle

Features marked

Street locations

Building locations

What kind of school?

What type of student body?

Where is the school located?


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2009 Lower Vacherie Quad

LA DOTD 7.5 Quadrangle

Features marked

Street locations

Building locations

Lower Vacherie Elementary School

Public, Pre-K - 8

13440 Highway 644, Vacherie, LA

Julie Dauzat, Principal


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CartographicRepresentation Fixed. Data interpreted by a cartographer for presentation at asingle scale.

Boundary Designed to a particular presentation and end at an edge. Creates

edge-matching issues. Paper maps dont match because of thematic

and temporal differences.

Content Fixed. Contents cannot change with time or be varied by the user fortheir purpose. Updating requires complete revision. Map revisions

are not always vertically integrated.

Presentation Fixed. Only information presented on the map is available through

symbology and labeling. No additional information is available to

the user. What you see is what you get.WYSIWYG.

Storage and Retrieval Take up a large volume of physical space. Susceptible to damage and

deterioration. Retrieval requires physical location, removal, and

transport of the media.

Field Use Do not require electricity. Can be easily marked up. Can be

weather-proofed.


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CartographicRepresentation GIS data are stored as actual geometric features, but can be placedon the map using various cartographic representations, based on data .

Boundary Digital maps can utilize actual, surveyed, legal boundary data. The

data are seamless and represent the boundary and the area it

contains.

Content Dynamic. Digital data can contain much more information than is

displayed. All of that information is remains available to the user forsearches, alternate presentations, and geoprocessing.

Presentation Dynamic. Multiple fields of data can be used to present a map in

different ways, at the users discretion. Digital maps can be stored and

presented via different mediums; print, web maps, mobile devices, etc.

Storage and Retrieval An entire atlas can be stored on a thumb drive. A single geodatabasecan contain all map elements and can provide them seamlessly to

anyone. Data are searchable and can be transported electronically.

Field Use Data can be brought into the field on mobile devices or pushed to

remote users over a network or wirelessly. User maintains access to the

data and their GIS tools, to use it. However, all this requires equipment

and electricity that are not always available in the field.


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Red features are from the NHD. Orange polygons are areas represented by NOAA as land in

1940 (most current data). These are now open water in the NHD.


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First Coastal Louisiana experience Pass Manchac


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Old methods

60,000+ features revised

8 months+ to update and revise

Manual table generation

New Methods

31,000+ features revised

~5 months to update and revise Automated table generation


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MS

TX

AL

AR Status as of February 2013

Complete

Conflation Not Started

In Process

Revision Status of Watersheds in Louisiana


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What does a high rate of foreclosures tell us? It may tell us that an area is overpriced, or needs help bringing new

financing options to entice homebuyers.

Areas high in foreclosures or other vacancies may be areas to monitor

more closely, in an effort to reduce potential crime.

If the local economy is struggling, where can we best focus our resources?

Foreclosures tend to be in disrepair. Poor curb presence decreases

property values around the foreclosures themselves, further creating

problems. Lower property values = Economic stagnation.

Agencies involved:


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Which areas are still to be rebuilt? What problems exist? Potential crime

Losing ground, and its effects:

Agencies involved:

Health hazards

Hurting industry

Affect the natural ecosystem of the State

Affect transportation routes, and State economy as a result

Loss of land invites further disaster


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The Basemap Outdated basemaps are not doing anyone any favors. The maps are

decades beyond their usefulness and need to be supplanted with newer

technology

Converting traditional paper-based maps to computer-based GIS makes

sense, both financially and in terms of potential usefulness

GIS seamless databases give us the opportunity to be freed from the

grips of the traditional quad map

Enhancements

Using data that your agencies are already collecting, we can incorporatethem into the new basemap and create new analyses

By combining information between agencies we can save TIME and

MONEY


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Airport

Boundaries

Roads

Water

(NHD)

Rails

Elevation

Places

Land Use

Structures

Trail

Events

Raster Cache

Background Imagery

or Hill Shade

LRS Routes and Log miles

GPS PointsAddresses

Ports


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Combines "geo" (spatial data) with "database" (data

repository) to create a central data repository for spatial data

storage and management.

It will be used in desktop, server, or mobile environments and

allows us to store data in a central location for access andmanagement.

75% ESRI25% interfaces to other software.


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Find and display features based on common language queries

improved search interface

Geocoding for all geometries

Path finding between queried features

Point inPoly queries

Manages LRS as a type of address range and measures

Feature level metadatasource and assumed pedigree


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Editing

Databases

Published

Databases

C

o

n

t

r

ib

u

t

o

r

s

Periodic Updates

Of Certified Data

Us

e

r

s

Used by Data

Maintenance Process

Currently less developed

Used by All Others

Currently more developed

Local secure

storage

with WAN

access to

authorized

contributors

Published to Web

for client usage or

privately

published

to secure servers


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Division of

AdministrationChildren &

Family Services

Culture, Recreation

and Tourism

Economic

Development

Education

Environmental

Quality

Health &

Hospitals

Housing

Finance Agency

Louisiana Workforce

Commission

Natural

Resources

Corrections

PublicSafety

Revenue State Civil

Service

Transportation

& Development

Veterans

Affairs

Wildlife &

Fisheries

Agriculture &

Forestry

Insurance

Attorney

GeneralPublic

Service

State

Treasury

Coastal Protection and

Restoration Authority
http://gov.louisiana.gov/govdoahttp://www.dss.louisiana.gov/http://www.crt.louisiana.gov/http://led.louisiana.gov/http://www.deq.louisiana.gov/portal/http://www.dhh.louisiana.gov/http://www.lhfa.state.la.us/http://www.laworks.net/http://dnr.louisiana.gov/http://dps.louisiana.gov/http://www.civilservice.la.gov/index.asphttp://www.dotd.louisiana.gov/http://www.vetaffairs.la.gov/http://wlf.louisiana.gov/http://www.ldaf.louisiana.gov/http://www.ag.louisiana.gov/http://www.lpsc.louisiana.gov/http://coastal.la.gov/http://coastal.la.gov/http://coastal.la.gov/http://www.treasury.state.la.us/http://www.sos.louisiana.gov/http://www.lpsc.louisiana.gov/http://www.lpsc.louisiana.gov/http://www.ag.louisiana.gov/http://www.ag.louisiana.gov/http://www.ldi.louisiana.gov/http://www.ldaf.louisiana.gov/http://www.ldaf.louisiana.gov/http://wlf.louisiana.gov/http://wlf.louisiana.gov/http://www.vetaffairs.la.gov/http://www.vetaffairs.la.gov/http://www.dotd.louisiana.gov/http://www.dotd.louisiana.gov/http://www.dotd.louisiana.gov/http://www.dotd.louisiana.gov/http://www.civilservice.la.gov/index.asphttp://www.civilservice.la.gov/index.asphttp://revenue.louisiana.gov/http://dps.louisiana.gov/http://dps.louisiana.gov/http://www.doc.louisiana.gov/http://dnr.louisiana.gov/http://dnr.louisiana.gov/http://www.laworks.net/http://www.laworks.net/http://www.lhfa.state.la.us/http://www.lhfa.state.la.us/http://www.dhh.louisiana.gov/http://www.dhh.louisiana.gov/http://www.deq.louisiana.gov/portal/http://www.deq.louisiana.gov/portal/http://doe.louisiana.gov/lde/index.htmlhttp://led.louisiana.gov/http://led.louisiana.gov/http://www.crt.louisiana.gov/http://www.crt.louisiana.gov/http://www.dss.louisiana.gov/http://www.dss.louisiana.gov/http://gov.louisiana.gov/govdoahttp://gov.louisiana.gov/govdoa


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Conflation is the process of matching features like streets

between data sets that were created at different times and

based on different levels of accuracy and precision.

There are 2 types of conflation

Geometric Conflation

Attribute Conflation


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Geometric conflation is a process that adds all unique

geometric features from multiple data sets into one data set.

For the Louisiana project we are using the State Base Map

Layer as the Target (parent) and 5 Candidates (children).

US Census TIGER data (2 files)

Acadian Ambulance (1 file)

Navteq (GOSHEP1 file)

TomTom ( commercial source 1 file)


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Using the State Base Map street features, the data is fit to the

state imagery using geometry database feature modeling

specifications (DBFM).

Correcting the geometry is called photo revision.

Only new features (those not already present in the State BM

data) will be used from the 4 candidates.

Although some software automation is possible, geometric

conflation is mostly a manual process.


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State Collected

Mobile GPS Breadcrumbs

3 & 6 CM aerial imagery

Matches breadcrumbs


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The single most important function of the database is to link

tabular and non-spatial information to locations (spatial data).

Its a significant IT task to make sure the infrastructure is in place

just to hold and share the tables.

Expectations for search capability are burned into almost

everyones daily life.

Slow, cumbersome query and search experiences will

discourage users.

Make Big Data into Small Data!!!


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When the geometric conflation is completed, attributes are

harvested from the input data sets and applied to the database

using a pre- determined data model.

Vendor NumAtts Comments

TIGER 8Names and addresses + links to US Census boundary and demographic data

NT 175Names + Alternate names + very rich transportation/navigation

content

BM 46Names +l links to TIGER + LRS + HPMS

AA 27Names + jurisdictions + basic routing - used in computer aided dispatch system

TT 97Names + Alt Names + transportation and

navigation

Total 353

After removal of duplicates and extraneous attributes the final

data model uses ~80 attributes


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A spatial join is completed that links the map objects to each

other by their location.

These sections of road are very close

to one another, and can be linked spatiallyby joining their IDs to the BM data.

The result is the ability to transfer attributes

between the data objects.

State Base Map

NTAA

TIGER


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Attributes are keyed to individual features by Universal Unique

Identifiers (UUID) for each feature in each data set.


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There is no magic 80/20 rule controls the process

80% of the work is automated

20% of the work is manual

20% of effort is automated

80% of effort is manual

2 to 3 year completion time statewide

Maintenance should begin on areas 1 year after completion

Using both commercial and public source data will build the

roads layer in the best way possible.

The quality of the data = the quality of decisions made with the

data.


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A spatially accurate statewide streets

database that contains rich attribution for:

Map Display

Feature location

Path Finding

Attribute data is linked to the new geometry

and preserves the States existing data

inventory. State data assets are used for

multiple attributes.

Road layer functionality is expanded for all

users.


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GDM International Services, Inc.Middleburg, VA

S18_The Louisiana Quadrangle Map Series (1)

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