IBM Power Systems and IBM Storage Technical University

The Pendulum Swings Back –Understanding Converged

and Hyperconverged

Integrated Systems

Tony PearsonMaster Inventor and Senior IT Architect,IBM Corporation

Abstract

In the early days of IT, storage was internal to its server, over time, storage outgrew its container, and we started have externally attached storage, and benefits like RAID and clustered servers for high availability. Then, SANs, LANs and WANs took the main stage, allowing for greater connectivity and distance.

But now, it seems the pendulum is swinging back with converged and hyperconverged integrated systems.

This session will provide the motivations, advantages and disadvantages of these new configurations.

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This week with Tony Pearson

Day Time Topic

Monday 10:15amBusiness Continuity – The seven tiers of business continuity and disaster recovery

1:45pm IBM’s Cloud Storage Options

4:30pmIntroduction to IBM Cloud Object Storage System and its Applications (powered by Cleversafe)

Tuesday 10:15amThe Pendulum Swings Back – Understanding

Converged and Hyperconverged Environments

11:30amNew generation of storage tiering: Simpler management, Lower costs and Increased performance

3:15pmIntroduction to IBM Cloud Object Storage System and its Applications (powered by Cleversafe)

Wednesday9:00am IBM Spectrum Scale for File and Object Storage

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The Pendulum Swings on Infrastructure Design

Internal Storage

• Personal Information Managers (PIM)

• Mainframe

• AS/400

Advantages

� Simple, self-contained

Disadvantages

• Scalability limited to what can fit inside the hardware container

• Single Point of Failure (SPOF) if your server is down, you lose access to your data inside

• Backups, Security and other Policy enforcement is done on a system-by-system basis individually

• Depreciation applies to server and storage together

4

The Pendulum Swings to External Storage

External Storage

• Mainframe

• AS/400

• Linux, UNIX, Windows

Advantages

� More room for storage growth

� Two or more servers can directly attach to external storage

� High-availability clusters

� Centralize features, snapshots and tape drives for backups

� RAID and Shared Cache for data protection and performance

� Separate depreciation schedules

Disadvantages

• Scalability limited to number of hosts attached

• Limited distance for external cables

5

The Pendulum Swings to Networked Storage

SAN

LAN

Advantages

� Many more hosts can be attached

� Greater distances enables Disaster Recovery

� Fewer, larger systems like Tape Libraries easier to manage

Disadvantages

• SANs and LANs requires different skill sets

• OS-specific and device-specific management tools

Networked Storage

• SAN and NAS attached flash, disk and tape systems

• IBM Spectrum Storage

6

The Pendulum Swings to Converged Systems

SAN

LAN

Advantages

• Converged Systems can also connect to existing SAN/LAN

• General purpose or workload-specific

• Fewer servers required with virtualization

• Portability to Cloud

Disadvantages

• Lose some of the gains from SAN/LAN

• Backup and Disaster Recovery?

• Islands of processing and data?

Converged Systems

• Best-of-breed Switches, Servers and Storage hardware packaged into a single rack

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Converged Systems – Introducing VersaStack

Vblock / VxBlockCisco and EMC

FlexpodCisco and NetApp

PureSystemsIBM POWER

+ IBM Storage

VersaStackCisco and IBM

• Cisco Nexus and MDS switches

• Cisco UCS x86 servers

• Cisco UCS Director software• FlashSystem

900, V9000, A9000

• SVC, Storwize V7000/F,

Storwize V5000/F

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VersaStack

• Seamless Integration• Simplify Deployment• Process Automation

Easy

Efficient

Versatile

10xperformance acceleration

and 5x data reduction

84%reduced provisioning

times1

62%lower infrastructure cost2

with data reduction guarantee3

� Store more for less

� Reduce Provisioning Time

� Unified Management

� Scale up, scale out architecture

� Flexible Cloud Capabilities

� Dynamic Infrastructure

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Local Area

Network Data Center

Network

Host Bus Adapter

(HBA)

Network Interface

Card (NIC)

10/100/1000

1GbE10GbE

4 Gbps

8 Gbps

16 Gbps

32 Gbps64 Gbps

128 Gbps

Storage Area

NetworkConverged Network

Adapter (CNA)

10GbE

25GbE

40GbE

100GbE

Data Center Bridging (DCB)• Data, Voice, Video

Block: iSCSI, FCoEFile: NFS, SMB, FTP, HDFSObject: HTTP, Amazon S3,

OpenStack Swift

The Data Center Network

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With over 50 million ports, Fibre Channel is not going away anytime soon. Projections indicate a slow decline, only 3% per year over next few years.

Storage built with IBM FlashCore Technology

Storage built with IBM FlashCore Technology

SAN Volume

Controller

w/Cisco UCS

Storwize V5000/V5030F w/ Cisco UCS Mini

Storwize V7000 and V7000F w/ Cisco UCS

Entry to Mid-Size Business, ROBO

Medium to Large Enterprise

Highest Levels of Performance

Mixed storage environments

FlashSystem

V9000/900

w/Cisco UCS

VDI environments

FlashSystemA9000 w/Cisco UCS

Storage built with IBM Spectrum Virtualize software

Unified Management with Cisco UCS Director

www.ibm.com/versastack

VersaStack Scalable Storage Options

IBM

Spectrum

Accelerate

Unstructured Data

IBM Cloud Object Storagew/Cisco UCS

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IBM Spectrum Virtualize – Key Features

Easy Tier– Automatically moves extents between

Flash, Enterprise and Nearline disk

Thin Provisioning and Real-time Compression• Inline compression for active primary

workloads

• Intel QuickAssist co-processor

• Up to 80% Savings - More effective than Data Deduplication for active workloads

• Ideal for Databases, VMs, CAD/CAM Engineering blueprints, etc.

Data-at-Rest Encryption– AES 256 bit encryption implemented in

FlashSystem V9000, SVC and Storwize controllers

• Does not require Self-Encrypting Drives (SED)

• Supports internal and externally virtualized storage

– Works with all other features including Real-time Compression and Easy Tier

• Data is compressed first, then encrypted

– Encryption keys stored on USB memory sticks or IBM SKLM server

– No performance impact to applications!

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Real-time Compression implementation on Spectrum Virtualize

IBM Random Access Compression Engine™

Benefits• Hardware-assisted real-time

compression

• Compressed data in cache to increase hit ratios

• More capacity savings than data deduplication for active data

• Compress existing data without downtime

• Compress before Encryption to optimize benefits of both

Upper cache

Lower cache

• Stretch Cluster forwarding• Metro Mirror, HyperSwap

• Compression offloaded to Intel® QuickAssist FPGA

• FlashCopy• Global Mirroring• Thin Provisioning

5x effective capacity!

• Encryption

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Each can have up to 40U Expansion Enclosures

Storwize V7000 Upgrade Options

Start with 1 Control Enclosure

Add up to 40U Expansion Enclosures

Cluster up to 4 Control Enclosures together into a single system

Block-onlyFCP, FCoE and iSCSI, up to 2,944 drives

24-Bay in 2U

� 2.5-inch (SFF)

• 400/800/1600/3200 GB 1.92, 3.84, 7.68 and 15.36 TB SSD

• 300/600 GB 15K RPM SAS

• 600/900/1200/1800 GB 10K RPM SAS

• 1and 2 TB 7,200 RPM NL-SAS

12-Bay in 2U

� 12-bay 3.5-inch (LFF)

• 2/3/4/6/8/10 TB 7,200 RPM NL-SAS

92-Bay in 5U

� 1.6 TB to 15.36 TB SSD

• 600GB 15K rpm

• 1.2TB and 1.8GB 10K rpm

• 6 / 8 / 10 TB NL-SAS

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Storwize V5000 Gen2 models

Up to 2 Control Enclosures

Add up to 40U Expansion Enclosuresper controller

Storwize V5030 and V5030FSupports thin provisioning, FlashCopy, Easy Tier, remote mirroring, encryption,compression and external virtualization

1 Control Enclosure

Add up to 20U Expansion

Enclosures

Storwize V5010Supports thin provisioning, FlashCopy, Easy Tier and remote mirroring

Storwize V5020Supports thin provisioning, FlashCopy, Easy Tier, remote mirroring, and encryption

up to 392 internal drivesup to 1,008 internal drives

15

SVC with FlashSystem 900 vs. FlashSystem V9000

• More options to choose from

• Capacity-based License

• Requires SAN infrastructure for most configurations

• Simplified options

• Enclosure-based License

• Can be direct-attached or SAN

2 SAN Volume Controllers(node-pair or I/O Group)+FlashSystem 900(dual controller)

FlashSystem V9000

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Components of FlashSystem A9000

A9000 “The Pod”• 3 servers• 1 FlashSystem 900

Module Usable Effective *

1.2 TB 12 TB 60 TB

2.9 TB 29 TB 150 TB

5.7 TB 57 TB 300 TB

* Based on estimated 5.26x reduction ratio

Data Type

Dedupe Compress Combined

Virtual Desktop (VDI)

16.7x 2x 33x

KVM –Linux guests

1.9x 3.8x 7.2x

Database Restore + Test

1.02x 4.2x 4.2x

� Pattern removal, dedupe and HW-based compression

� FCP and iSCSI supported

17

VersaStack Solution for IBM Cloud Object Storage

Cisco UCS S3260 Storage ServerDual nodes in 4U space56 hot-swappable 3.5” LFF HDD4, 6, 8, or 10 TB 7200-rpm NL-SAS(28 drives per COS Slicestor)

Cisco UCS 6300 Fabric InterconnectLow-latency, lossless 10 and 40 GbE

Cisco UCS 220 M4 servers1U with 36 cores, 24 DDR4 memory DIMMsFor COS Manager and Accessers

Cisco Validated Design (CVD)

784 to 1960 TB

Usable Capacity

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Day

On-premises Off-premises

Flash Disk

IBM Cloud

& other clouds

CloudCenterModel, Benchmark, Deploy, Manage

UCS DirectorApplication Centric Infrastructure (ACI)

VersaStack + CloudCenterAny Application. Any Data. Anywhere

API driven use cases:Instant RecoverySelf-service Test/Dev DevOpsAutomated DR

IBM Spectrum CDM

Automationand

Self Service

End-to-End Hybrid Cloud

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The Pendulum Swings to Hyperconverged Systems

Advantages

� Industry standard server and storage hardware

� Servers can now hold sufficient Flash and Disk capacity

� Easy to re-purpose servers as needed

Disadvantages

• SPOF requires 2 or more copies across independent servers

• Some systems offer basic RAID

• High-speed Ethernet or InfiniBand network for connectivity

• Distance and Scalability issues on some deployments

• Server/Storage depreciation lockstep

Hyperconverged Systems

• Cheap commodity servers with internal storage

• Software-Defined Storage to access data

20

Hyperconvergence Packing Options

Supermicro® Hyperconverged Appliance with IBM Spectrum Accelerate

• Nutanix NX series, CS series on POWER

• Simplivity OmniCube• EVO:Rail

• VMware VSAN• IBM Spectrum

Accelerate• IBM Spectrum Scale

FPO• Nutanix MXP software

Solution Appliance Software

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VMware Virtual SAN (VSAN)• VSAN cluster consists of

3-64 VMware ESXi hosts• At least 2 must have disk

groups

• Each host has 0 to 5 disk groups

• Disk Group is 1 SSD plus 1-7 HDD

• 70% SSD as Read cache• 30% SSD as Write cache

• IP Network used to make three copies (replication) of data

• L2 Multicast required• 1GbE can be used• Jumbo Frames and 10GbE

recommended

• Only members in the cluster can access the data

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VMware EVO:RAIL

4-16nodes

23

Servers + VMware

Storage Switch

HA Shared Storage

SSD Array

Backup Appliance

WAN Optimization

Cloud Gateway

Storage Caching

Backup Apps

Legacy Stack

Pre-integrated storage and server resources Converged storage

and server resources

Converge entire stack into single resource pool

HPE Simplivity OmniCube

Cloud EconomicsWeb-Scale

Enterprise Capabilities

HyperconvergedConverged

1-8 nodes per datacenter, 32 max federated

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Virtual Storage Control Virtual Storage Control

Virtual Machine/Virtual Disk

Flash HDD

Enterprise Storage

Snapshots, clones,

replication, compression,

thin provisioning ,

deduplication

Data Management

Data locality, tiering,

balancing, tunable

resilience

Hypervisor

Agnostic

vSphere,

Hyper-V,

Acropolis

3-64 nodes

Nutanix Distributed File System (NDFS)

Acropolis Hypervisor (AHV) is Nutanix version of Linux KVM for x86 and POWER systems

25

IBM CS-series Models for Nutanix

IBM CS821 (1U)

Two 10-core 2.09 GHz POWER8 CPUs

Up to 160 threads

Up to 256 GB memory

Up to 7.68 TB flash

Nutanix AHV hypervisor

Little endian Linux

IBM CS822 (2U)

Two 11-core 2.89 GHz POWER8 CPUs

Up to 176 threads

Up to 512 GB memory

Up to 15.36 TB flash

Nutanix AHV hypervisor

Little endian Linux

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IBM Hyperconvered System Powered by Nutanix Architecture

Nutanix Acropolis for Power System

App Mobility FabricWorkload Mobility | HA | DR | VM Placement | Resource Scheduling

Distributed Storage FabricCompression | Dedupe | Protection

Acropolis HypervisorCentOS KVM-based

OpenPower Servers

SSD SSD

SSD SSD

Prism Console, CLI, Rest-Based Infrastructure Services

CS822 CS821Direct-Attached Storage Top of Rack

Switches

Open Virtual Switch Virtual Overlay Network

Nutanix on x86

Nutanix Prism Infrastructure Management

Hardware ManagementMonitor | Alert | Topology | Inventory l Disk Mgmt |F/W Update | Rolling Update | “Light Path” Diag

Virtualization ManagementVM Lifecycle Mgmt | Live Migration | Dynamic VM Reconfig

| VM-HA | VM-Based Backup

Nutanix Acropolis

for Power

Additional

Clusters Managed

by Prism Central

Guest VMs

Linux guest support- Ubuntu 16.04- CentOS 7.x

Nutanix Prism Central Multi-Cluster Infrastructure Management

Cross-Cluster Infrastructure ManagementHomogenous Clusters | Heterogonous Clusters

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Details on benchmarks in speaker notes.

3YR EDB with Support

Hyperconverged SystemsCS822

Dell XC630-10

IBM CS Models versus Dell XC630-10

530 tps per $K (2.2x)74,826 tps (1.8x)

232 tps per $K42,059 tps

2,560 tps per $K (2.3x)387,062 tps (1.8x)

1,110 tps per $K210,339 tps

66 tps per $K (1.7x)13,705 tps (1.3x)

39 tps per $K10,506 tps

22 cores 24 cores

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451 Research on Hyperconverged Infrastructure (HCI)

451 Research polled 100 enterprise companies that evaluated Hyperconverged Infrastructure:

• 44% chose not to adopt for enterprise use• 55% substantial refresh or upgrade of their

datacenter network.• 78% were looking at eight or fewer nodes.• 65% prefer Fibre Channel protocol.• Half of those who chose to integrate HCI in

production expressed dissatisfaction with system capabilities.

• No large HCI enterprise installations available for reference.

• Most HCI vendors do not allow the publication of independent, third-party evaluations of their performance and scalability claims.

• HCI modules are not interchangeable, long-term commitment to a single vendor for both hardware and software.

29

IBM Storage Portfolio – XIV and IBM Spectrum Accelerate

IBM Spectrum ScaleElastic Storage Server

IBM Spectrum Virtualize

FlashSystem

IBM Spectrum Accelerate

XIV

DS8000

All-FlashFlash/Disk

Hybrid

Pre-built system, • FCP and iSCSI volumes• OpenStack Cinder• VMware VAAI, VASA,

SRA, VVols

• Hyper-Scale manager, mobility, consistency

• Real-time Compression

• Microsoft and Hyper-V

integration

• Data-at-Rest Encryption

XIV Gen3

Software deployed on client-choice x86 servers:

• Hyperconvergence

• iSCSI volumes• OpenStack Cinder• VMware VAAI, VASA,

SRA• Hyper-Scale manager,

mobility, consistency

30

3-15

Modules

What’s Different about Spectrum Accelerate?

12 SED1, 2, 3, 4, 6 TB

Optional SSD500, 800 GB

6-12 cores24-96 GB RAM

FCP Ethernet IB

FCP Ethernet IB

6/9-15Modules

Host FCP

Host iSCSI+ Management

GUI/CLI

Inter-node

6-12 drives, JBOD

600 GB to 6 TB

Optional SSD500-800 GB

VMware ESXi 5.5

4-20 cores32-128 GB RAM

Ethernet

Ethernet

Host iSCSI+ Inter-node+ Management

Pre-built System Software-only

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VM 2

IBM Spectrum Accelerate for Block-Level Hyperconvergence

� Enables the IT administrator to single-handedly manage the entire data center stack

� Allows hardware standardization of network, compute, storage, power and environmentals

� Leverages existing Data Center services and maintenance contracts

� Simplifies the architecture when lacking specialized, domain-specific skill sets

� iSCSI volumes can also be used by bare metal servers and other hypervisors

� Available as software-only or Supermicro® Hyperconverged Appliance pre-built system

Ethernet

Interconnect

Hypervisor

IBM Spectrum Accelerate

IBM Spectrum Accelerate

IBM Spectrum Accelerate

Hypervisor

iSCSI

Hypervisor

VM 1

VM 4

VM 6

iSCSI

iSCSI

VM 3

VM 5

iSCSI

32

IBM Storage Portfolio – File and Object Store

IBM Spectrum ScaleElastic Storage Server

IBM Spectrum Archive

IBM Cloud Object

Storage System

All-FlashFlash/Disk

HybridData

ManagementObject Store

Physical Tape

• Offers a global name space of file and object access storage

• Space-efficient snapshots, Information Lifecycle management (ILM), Active File Management (AFM) and remote mirroring

• Based on technology from IBM General Parallel File System (GPFS)

• Drastically lowers the cost for long-term data retention

• Based on technology from IBM Linear Tape File System (LTFS)

33

IBM Spectrum Scale™ – Supported Topologies

Twin-tailed

FCP, iSCSI, IB

Internal, Direct-Attach

Shared PoolsShare-Nothing Pools

NSD Servers

� Access files on direct, twin-tailed or SAN attached disk

� OpenStack drivers

� Can be enabled as “Protocol Nodes”

File Placement Optimization (FPO) Servers

� For AIX, Linux-x86 and Linux on POWER

� Access files on direct attached disk

� Exports files to other FPO servers

� Hyperconverged

External Clients

� Access data via NAS, HDFS and object protocols over IP network

TCP/IP

NSD Clients

� For Linux, AIX, and Windows

� Access files via SAN, TCP/IP or RDMA

TCP/IP or RDMA network

34

App 2

Spectrum Scale File Placement Optimization (FPO) for clustered file and object storage

� Enables the IT administrator to single-handedly manage the entire data center stack

� Allows hardware standardization of network, compute, storage, power and environmentals

� Bare metal deployments for AIX and Linux

� Supports Linux KVM hypervisors, Docker and LXC Containers

Ethernet

Or

Infiniband

Interconnect

Server

Spectrum Scale

Spectrum Scale

Spectrum Scale

Server

POSIX

Server

App 4

App 6

POSIX

POSIX

App 5

App 3

App 1

35

How much of your environment can benefit from these Systems

IBM PureSystems

Handles database, web, and analytics workloads VersaStack

Handles all x86 workloads (all bare metal native OS, Hypervisors and Containers)

Hyperconverged

Limited to Windows and Linux VMsVMware? Hyper-V? Linux KVM? Acropolis?

High-end z and POWER

Many mission critical workloads are best served on z System mainframe or high-end POWER servers

36

The Pendulum Swings to meet Client Requirements

SAN

LAN

Internal Storage

Networked Storage

• IBM Flash, Disk and Tape storage systems

• IBM Spectrum Storage

External Storage

• FlashSystem

• SVC, Storwize family

Converged Systems

• Best of breed server, storage and network hardware

Hyperconverged Systems

• Cheap commodity servers with internal storage

• Software-Defined Storage to access data

37

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Your feedback about this session is very important to us.

Submit a survey at:

ibmtechu.com

39

Session reference links

• http://www.ibm.com/training/events

• https://www-03.ibm.com/systems/storage/

• http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/

• http://www.ibm.com/versastack

• https://www-03.ibm.com/systems/storage/spectrum/suite/

• https://www.ibm.com/us-en/marketplace/virtualization-software

• https://www-03.ibm.com/systems/storage/spectrum/accelerate/

• https://www-03.ibm.com/systems/storage/spectrum/scale/

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IBM Tucson Executive Briefing Center

• Tucson, Arizona is home for storage hardware and software design and development

• IBM Tucson Executive Briefing Center offers:– Technology

briefings– Product

demonstrations– Solution workshops

• Take a video tour!

– http://youtu.be/CXrpoCZAazg

https://www.ibm.com/it-infrastructure/services/client-centersccenter@us.ibm.com

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About the Speaker

42

Tony Pearson is a Master Inventor and Senior IT Architect for the IBM Storage product line. Tony joined IBM Corporation in

1986 in Tucson, Arizona, USA, and has lived there ever since. In his current role, Tony presents briefings on storage topics

covering the entire IBM Storage product line, IBM Spectrum Storage software products, and topics related to Cloud Computing,

Analytics and Cognitive Solutions. He interacts with clients, speaks at conferences and events, and leads client workshops to

help clients with strategic planning for IBM’s integrated set of storage management software, hardware, and virtualization

solutions.

Tony writes the “Inside System Storage” blog, which is read by thousands of clients, IBM sales reps and IBM Business Partners

every week. This blog was rated one of the top 10 blogs for the IT storage industry by “Networking World” magazine, and #1

most read IBM blog on IBM’s developerWorks. The blog has been published in series of books, Inside System Storage: Volume

I through V.

Over the past years, Tony has worked in development, marketing and consulting for various storage hardware and software

products. Tony has a Bachelor of Science degree in Software Engineering, and a Master of Science degree in Electrical

Engineering, both from the University of Arizona. . Tony is an inventor or co-inventor of 19 patents in the field of electronic data

storage.

9000 S. Rita Road

Bldg 9032 Floor 1

Tucson, AZ 85744

+1 520-799-4309 (Office)

tpearson@us.ibm.com

Tony Pearson

Master Inventor

Senior IT Architect

IBM Storage

Email:tpearson@us.ibm.com

Twitter:twitter.com/az990tony

Blog: ibm.co/Pearson

Books:www.lulu.com/spotlight/990_tony

IBM Expert Network on Slideshare:www.slideshare.net/az990tony

Facebook:www.facebook.com/tony.pearson.16121

Linkedin:https://www.linkedin.com/in/az990tony

Additional Resources from Tony Pearson

43

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