S – SulphurS – Sulphur

By Hana Guryčová & Eliška Chytilová

The essentialsThe essentials

Name: Sulphur Symbol: S Atomic number: 16 Group number: 16 (IV.A) Group name: Chalcogen Period number: 3 Electron configuration: [Ne] 3s2 3p4 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4

The Essentials – základní informace

DescriptionDescription

Here is a brief description of sulphur:

Standard state: Solid Melting point: 115,21°C Boiling point:444,72°C Colour: Lemon yellow Classification: Non-metallic

Description – popis

Allotrope of sulphurAllotrope of sulphur

Rhombic sulphur Prismatic sulphur Liquid sulphur and brown vapours Sulphur flowers Plastic sulphur

Allotrope – alotropické modifikace Rhombic - kosočtverečná Prismatic - jednoklonná

DistributionDistribution

1. Elementary sulphur: volcanic activity hot springs

DistributionDistribution

2. Compounds: sphalerite ZnS pyrite FeS2

cinnabar HgS galenite PbS

ApplicationApplication

1.In ancient time (China) – component of gunpowder 2. At the present time – fireworks– vulcanisation– manufacture of sulphuric acid– battery– fungicide

Gunpowder- střelný prachFireworks- zábavní pyrotechnikaFungicide- prostředky působící proti růstu hub a plísní

BiologicalBiological role role Sulfur is an important component of:

amino acids cysteine and methionine

polypeptides, proteins, enzymes

coenzyme A

Some forms of bacteria use

hydrogen sulfide (H2S)

Environmental ImpactEnvironmental ImpactBurning of coal and petroleum

sulfur dioxide SO2

atmospheric water and oxygen

sulfuric acid = acid rain

! lowers the pH of soil and freshwater

bodies !

Reaction of sulphurReaction of sulphur For Example:Sulphur burns in air to form the gaseous

dioxide sulphur dioxide, SO2

S8(s) + 8O2(g) ––> 8SO2(s) Others: H2S + I2 ––> S + 2HI SO2 + 2CO ––> S + 2CO2 CuO + H2SO4

––> CuSO4 + H2O Zn + H2SO4

––> ZnSO4 + H2

SO3 + H2O ––> H2SO4

MgSO3 ––> MgO + SO2

Thank you very much Thank you very much for your kind attentionfor your kind attention