Skills: noneConcepts: the quantity of data as measured in bits or bytes, prefixes for large numbers, abbreviation conventions, data ≠ information

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Data quantity – how much data?

Where does this topic fit?

• Internet concepts– Applications– Technology– Implications

• Internet skills– Application development– Content creation– User skills

010101011100101010101010101010111010101010101010101010101010100101010101000010110101010101010010101101101010101010110010110010101010100101110101001010010101010101010001001010101011010011010010101010100101101001011100101010101001010101000101010101010101010010101001010101001001001001010101001000101010101110100101001010101010010101010101001010100100101010010101001001010101001010100101010100101010101001010101011110101011100001111011

All data is binary

0 1

The bit – the smallest amount of data

One bit can contain information

1 → Male0 → Female

Prefix Means Exact value

kilo 1024^1 1,024

mega 1024^2 1,048,576

giga 1024^3 1,073,741,824

tera 1024^4 1,099,511,627,776

Prefix Means Close enough Decimal name

kilo 1000^1 1,000 thousand

mega 1000^2 1,000,000 million

giga 1000^3 1,000,000,000 billion

tera 1000^4 1,000,000,000,000 trillion

Numeric prefixes – exact and close enough

Decimal numbers, 10 symbols:0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

Binary numbers, 2 symbols:0, 1

Why 1,024?

Binary

0110100100010000100000100000010000000100000000100000000010000000000

1111101000

Decimal

012481632641282565121,024

1,000

Round number

Funky number

A byte is 8 bits

1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1

Abbreviations

Prefix Bits Bytes

K Kb KB

M Mb MB

G Gb GB

T Tb TB

Without a calculator …

How many bits in 1,400 bytes?Which is more – 1 megabit or 100 KB?

Memory and storage capacity

What is the capacity of your computer’s memory? Storage device?Do you know how to find out?

Memory capacity

Storage capacity

How bits can encode information – a punch card example

1 → Hole0 → No holeSo, there are two ones (punched holes) in this card.

The card has 12 rows and 80 columns -- how may 0s are there?What is the total storage capacity of a punched card?

Punch cards used a 0/1 code for text

See your name in a punch card using the keypunch emulator at kloth.net.

What is the code for the letter X? Y?

Data ≠ Information

Summary

0 1

How much data?

Self-study questions

1. How many dollars is one megapenny?2. How many dollars is 1.5 megapennies?3. We call 8 bits a byte – what do we call 10 pennies? 4. How many eggs in 17 dozen?5. What is the capacity of your computer’s storage device?6. What is the capacity of your computer’s memory?7. How many bits will an 8GB flash drive hold?8. Which requires more storage – a 1Mb text file or a 1Mb image file?9. How many bytes in a 27,503 bit file?10. How many bits in a 27,503 byte file?11. Which would take longer to transmit across the Internet – a 1Mb text file or a 1Mb image file?12. At 10 Mb per second, how long will it take to transfer a 20 Mb file across the Internet?13. At 10 Mb per second, how long will it take to transfer a 20 MB file across the Internet?14. At 10 Mb per second, how long will it take to transfer a 2 Mb file across the Internet?15. At 10 Mb per second, how long will it take to transfer a 2 MB file across the Internet? 16. At 10 MB per second, how long will it take to transfer a 20 Mb file across the Internet?17. At 10 MB per second, how long will it take to transfer a 20 MB file across the Internet?18. At 10 MB per second, how long will it take to transfer a 2 Mb file across the Internet?19. At 10 MB per second, how long will it take to transfer a 2 MB file across the Internet? 20. Create a spreadsheet that can convert data quantities (see the calculator on the next slide).21. Create a spreadsheet to compute data transmission times given transmission speed and file size.22. You can count and do arithmetic in binary or decimal – what are the advantages and

disadvantages of each?

Data quantity conversion calculator:http://www.matisse.net/bitcalc/

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