SECTION 3: FAMILIES OF THE PERIODIC TABLEChapter 19: Elements and their Properties

LEARNING GOALSIdentify and describe the properties of the alkali metals and the alkaline earth metals.

Differentiate among the transition metals.

Identify and describe the properties of the halogens and the noble gases.

ALKALI METALSGroup 1 Metals

Does not include hydrogen.Shiny, malleable, and ductileSofter than other metalsGood conductors of heat and

electricityMost reactive of all of the

metals!Have 1 valence electron that

they give up easily

ALKALINE EARTH METALSGroup 2 Metals

Shiny, malleable, and ductile

Very reactive, but not as much as group 1

Have 2 valence electrons that are easily given up

TRANSITION METALSGroups 3-12 Metals

Shiny, malleable, and ductileOften form colorful compoundsThey often have a variable number of valence electronsIron (Fe) can have 2 or 3!

Includes the lanthanides and actinides

HALOGENSGroup 17 Nonmetals

Very reactiveHave 7 valence electrons

Halogens take an electron from metals to form an ionic compound called a salt.

Distinctive colorsFluorine (F) is the most

chemically reactive of all the elements.

THE NOBLE GASESGroup 18 Nonmetals

Exist as isolated atoms (not in compounds!)

Have 8 valence electrons so they are very stable

Produce distinctive glows when electricity is passed through these gases