RUSSIA

An Overview of Social, Political & Economic Scenario of Russia

Presented by:

“Vision”

Russia Today

• Full name: Russian Federation• Population: 143,400,000 (9th)• Capital: Moscow• Area: 17,075,400 km²• Monetary unit: Ruble• Major language: Russian• Major religions: Christianity, Islam,

Buddhism, Judaism

Social Scenario

Folk Culture

There are over 160 different ethnic groups and indigenous peoples in Russia. The most notable are :

• Ethnic Russians with their Slavic Orthodox traditions • Tatars and Bashkir with their Turkic Muslim culture• Buddhist nomadic Buryats and Kalmyks• Shamanistic peoples of the Extreme North and Siberia• Highlanders of the Northern Caucasus• Finno-Ugric peoples of the Russian North West and Volga

Region

CuisineRussian cuisine widely uses –

• Fish • Poultry • Mushrooms • Berries • Honey

Crops of rye, wheat, barley, and millet provide the ingredients for various breads, pancakes and cereals, beer and vodka drinks.

Architecture

• Since the Christianization of Kievan Rus' for several ages Russian architecture was influenced predominantly by the Byzantine architecture. Apart from fortifications , the main stone buildings of ancient Rus' were Orthodox churches with their many domes, often gilded or brightly painted.

Visual Arts

• Early Russian painting is represented in icons and vibrant frescos, the two genres inherited from Byzantium. As Moscow rose to power, Theophanes the Greek, Dionisius and Andrei Rublev became vital names associated with a distinctly Russian art.

Music and Dance

• Music is prevalent in Russia post the 19th century.

• During the early 20th century, Russian ballet dancers Anna Pavlova and Vaslav Nijinsky rose to fame, and impresario Sergei Diaghilev and his Ballets Russes' travels abroad profoundly influenced the development of dance worldwide.

Literature and Philosophy

• In the 18th century, during the era of Russian Enlightenment, the development of Russian literature was boosted by the works of Mikhail Lomonosov and Denis Fonvizin. By the early 19th century a modern native tradition had emerged, producing some of the greatest writers in Russian history like L.N.Tolstoy.

National Holidays and Symbols

There are 7 public holidays in Russia :

• Orthodox Christmas (7 January)• Defender of the Fatherland

Day (23 February)• International Women's Day (8

March)• Spring and Labor Day (1 May)• Victory Day (9 May)• Russia Day (12 June)• Unity Day (4 November)

Tourism

• Tourism in Russia has seen rapid growth since the late Soviet times, first domestic tourism and then international tourism, fueled by the rich cultural heritage and great natural variety of the country. Major tourist routes in Russia include a journey around the Golden Ring of ancient cities, cruises on the big rivers like the Volga, and long journeys on the famous Trans-Siberian Railway.

Political Scenario

Governance

According to the Constitution of Russia, the country is a federation and semi-presidential republic, wherein the President is the ead of state and the Prime Minister is the head of government.The federal government composed of three branches:

• Legislative• Executive• Judiciary

Foreign relations

• Russia has a multifaceted foreign policy. As of 2009, it maintains diplomatic relations with 191 countries and has 144 embassies.

• Russia maintains strong and positive relations with other BRIC countries. In recent years, the country has sought to strengthen ties especially with the People's Republic of China by signing the Treaty of Friendship as well as building the Trans-Siberian oil pipeline geared toward growing Chinese energy needs.

Leaders of the BRIC nations in 2008: (L-R) Manmohan Singh of India, Dmitry Medvedev of Russia, Hu Jintao of China and Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva of Brazil.

Military

• The Russian military is divided into the Ground Forces, Navy, and Air Force.

• In 2006, the military had 1.037 million personnel on active duty. It is mandatory for all male citizens aged 18–27 to be drafted for a year of service in Armed Forces.

Political divisions

Economical Scenario

Present Economy

• The economy of Russia is the 8th largest economy in the world by nominal value and the 6th largest by Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) .

• Russian economy is today considered by IMF (International Monetary Fund) and World Bank a developing one.

• Russia's economy grew 3.4% in 2012.

The Present Economy Depends On:

• Macro Economy• Natural Resources• Sectors• Investment

Macro Economy

GDP Monetary Policy Fiscal Policy Public Debt

• GDP: $ 3.380 Trillion (2013 )• GDP Growth: 1.8% (Jan-Apr. 2013)• Monetary Policy: Russian economic institutes have started

the "flexible" ruble policy. As a result of the activity of Russian Central Bank - the lowest inflation level was achieved in 2011-2012 - 6.6%.

• Fiscal Policy: Fiscal Policy in Russia has been very disciplined since the 1998 debt crisis. Funding for the four "national projects", undertakings in Agriculture, Education, Housing and Healthcare, will increase by 85 billion Rubles (RU) over the 2006 figure to 230 billion Rubles (RU).

• Public Debt: Before 2008 government domestic debt issuance was a relatively small figure at 170 – 250 billion Rubles (RU) annually. The government expects the budget to be in the red (to a surplus of 600 billion RU) from 2012 till at least 2014.

Natural resources

• Natural resources, especially Oil and Gas, dominate Russian exports.

• The Petroleum Industry in Russia is one of the largest in the world.

• Russia has the largest reserves, and is the largest exporter, of Natural Gas.

• It has the second largest Coal reserves. • It has the eighth largest Oil reserves, and is the largest

exporter of oil in the world.• Russia is also a leading producer and exporter of Minerals

and Gold.

SECTORS

INDUSTRIAL

DEFENCE

AIRCRAFT

SPACE

RAILWAY

AUTOMOBILE

ELECTRONICS

TELECOMUNICA

TIONSAGRICUL

TURETRANSPORTATIO

NTRADE

INFORMATION

TECHNOLOGY