Rulings of Famous Court Cases That Shaped U.S. Education
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Transcript of Rulings of Famous Court Cases That Shaped U.S. Education
By: Emma Stanley
Rulings of Famous Court Cases That Shaped U.S.
Education
Pertains to/Ruling:Desegregation/1954Struck down the
“separate-but-equal” doctrine.
1. Brown vs. Board of Education
Pertains to/Ruling:Per pupil
expenses/1973Allows any kind of
finance system to fund schools, as long as it provides a minimum education for each student.
2. San Antonio Indep. School District vs. Rodriguez
Pertains to/Ruling:Students with
limited English proficiency/1974
School districts must take steps to fix the language deficiency.
3. Lau vs. Nichols
Pertains to/Ruling:Special
education/1952A student’s IEP
should provide educational benefit in accordance with the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA).
4. Board of Education vs. Rowley
Pertains to/Ruling:Accommodating
disabilities/1987Teachers and
students should be accommodated reasonably if they have a disability.
5. School Board vs. Arline
Pertains to/Ruling:Freedom of
expression/1943Public school
officials can not force students to salute the flag. This also applies to teachers.
6. West Virginia State Board of Education vs. Barnette
Pertains to/Ruling:Student speech/1969Constitutional right
is to be able to have freedom of speech, even symbolically.
7. Tinker vs. Des Moines Indep. Community School District
Pertains to/Ruling:Censorship/1988Said that school
newspapers, etc. could be censored by the school.
8. Hazelwood School District vs. Kuhlmeier
Pertains to/Ruling:Teacher’s
speech/1977Teachers have the
freedom of speech, but should think logically about their expressions.
9. Mt. Healthy City School District vs. Doyle
Pertains to/Ruling:School
libraries/1982School must have a
rational reason to remove books from the school library.
10. Board of Education, Island Trees Union Free School District No. 26 vs. Pico
Pertains to/Ruling:Student
suspensions/1975Guarantees the law
of due process.
11. Goss vs. Lopez
Pertains to/Ruling:Corporal
punishment/1977Protects students
from cruel and unusual punishment.
12. Ingraham vs. Wright
Pertains to/Ruling:Searches of
students/1985Can search students
noninvasively if they have “reasonable suspicion”; they don’t have to have “probable cause”.
13. New Jersey vs. T.L.O
Pertains to/Ruling:Random drug
tests/1995Ruled that mass
drug testing of students in extracurricular activities was constitutional; However, since then, lower courts usually deem it unconstitutional.
14. Vernonia School District 47J vs. Acton
Pertains to/Ruling:Sexual
harassment/1992Allows victims of
sexual harassment in schools to sue for money damages.
15. Franklin vs. GCPS
Pertains to/Ruling:Disruptive students in
special ed/1988Discussed if it was
reasonable to expel a special ed student for more than 10 days at a time; U.S Dept. of Ed. said that this was a change in the student’s IEP, and so other methods of discipline are used.
16. Honig vs. Doe
Pertains to/Ruling:Government aid to
religious schools/1971
Said that it broke the establishment clause of the first amendment to give government salary supplements to parochial schools.
17. Lemon vs. Kurtzman
Pertains to/Ruling:Prayer at school
events/1992Prayer led by
teachers at school violates the establishment clause of the first amendment.
18. Lee vs. Weisman