Rule 26 - Fishing Vessels

7/24/2019 Rule 26 - Fishing Vessels

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Rule 26 - Fishing vessels

(a) A vessel engaged in fishing, whether underway or at anchor, shallexhibit only the lights and shapes prescribed in this Rule.

(b) A vessel when engaged in trawling, by which is meant the dragging

through the water of a dredge net or other apparatus used as afishing appliance, shall exhibit:

(i) two all-round lights in a vertical line, the upper being green and

the lower white, or a shape consisting of two cones with their

apexes together in a vertical line one above the other;

(ii) a masthead light abaft of and higher than the all-round green

light; a vessel of less than 50 metres in length shall not be

obliged to exhibit such a light but may do so;

(iii) when making way through the water, in addition to the lights

prescribed in this paragraph, sidelights and a sternlight.

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(c) A vessel engaged in fishing, other than trawling shall exhibit:(i) two all-round lights in a vertical line, the upper being red and the

lower white, or a shape consisting of two cones with apexes

together in a vertical line one above the other;

(ii) when there is outlying gear extending more than 150 metres

horizontally from the vessel, an all-round white light or a cone

apex upwards in the direction of the gear;

(iii) when making way through the water, in addition to the lights

prescribed in this paragraph, sidelights and a sternlight.

(d) The additional signals described in Annex II to these Regulations

apply to a vessel engaged in fishing in close proximity to othervessels engaged in fishing.

(e) A vessel when not engaged in fishing shall not exhibit the lights or

shapes prescribed in this Rule, but only those prescribed for avessel of her length.

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Species of fish

In principle there are three

species of fish:

!Pelagic fish

!Demersal fish

!Shellfish and molluscs

For more details, please refer to the

manual: International Regulations

for Preventing Collisions at SeabyCapt. Pierre Deseck, M Sc, FNI.

Go to http://maritimeknowhow.com

for details on how the purchase this

manual. 3


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The main fishing methods at sea can be grouped according to the

fishing gear used:

Towed or dragged gear such as:

!Trawling

!Dredging

Encircling gear such as:

!Danish seine

!Purse seine

Static gear such as:!Drift nets

!Floating gillnets

!Bottom gillnets

!Longline fishing

!Fish traps


Fishing gear

Other gear such as:

! Troll lines

! Harpoons

! Etc 4


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Fishing methods

Trawling

Trawling is a fishing method which consists of dragging

a large bag made of netting over the sea bottom (bottom

trawling) or at any depth (floating or mid-water trawling)

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Fishing gear

The otter trawl is a large bag-shaped net

dragged along the sea bed. The mouth of

the net is spread open horizontally by two

otter boards or doors (nr. 2)

Otter trawl

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Rule 26 - Fishing vesselsFishing gear

Otter trawl

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Fishing methods

Otter trawl

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Fishing methods

There are several types of trawlers used:

! Side trawlers

! Stern trawlers (see further for details)

! Beam trawlers (see further for details)

Side trawler

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Fishing methods

The trawler manoeuvres to haul in

the net to her windward side

The net is ready to be heaved

aboard by means of the quarterropes 10


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Fishing methods

The cod-end is hoisted aboard . A sharp stroke releases

the cod-end knot allowing the fish to be spilled on deck 11


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Fishing methods

The cod-end is hoisted aboard A sharp stroke releases the

cod-end knot allowing thefish to be spilled on deck 12


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Rule 26 - Fishing vesselsFishing methods

The net is now handled from the stern of the trawler. Only the cod-end is heavedaboard or, with modern stern trawlers, nearly the whole net is heved on deck

Stern trawler

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Fishing methods

Stern trawler

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Fishing methods

Beam trawling is a variation of the ordinary side trawling. Instead of one large net,

two smaller trawls are towed by two outrigger booms or fishing derricks, one oneach side of the vessel

Beam trawler

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Fishing methods

There are two main types of beam trawlers:

! One using otter trawls

! One using beam trawls

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Fishing methods

Beam trawler using otter trawls

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Fishing methods

Beam trawler using beam trawls

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Fishing methods

Beam trawl

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Fishing methods

Beam trawler pulling two beam trawls

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Fishing methods

The beam trawl is heaved alongside the vessel

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Fishing methods

The trawl is hoisted on board

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Fishing methods

The cod-ends are likewise pulled on board

A beam trawler is also called a twin-rig trawler23


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Fishing methods

Mid-water trawlingThe mid-water trawl is used to catch pelagic fish which

moves in schools at various depths between the

bottom and the surface of the sea

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Fishing methods

Bottom pair trawling

Two trawlers pull one otter trawl.

The two bows are linked to each

other by means of a steel wire.

Never try to navigate between

both vessels.

Steel wire

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Fishing methods

Pair mid-water trawling

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Fishing methods

Seine net

The seine net also called Danish

seine net, is a bottom fishing

method. It is a combination of

encircling and dragging gear.

The net is similar to the trawl netbut it is much larger and lighter.

The vessel reaches the fishing

ground (a) drops her anchor and

first warp (h) is set out in a

circular track. In (i) the net is put

overboard. Second warp is set

out in a similar track. In (a) the

anchor is reshackled to the

vessels windlass.

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Seine net fishing

Both warps are heaved in together while vessel remains at anchor. During

hauling operation both warps are closing, herding the fish to the centre. 28

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Seine net fishing

Usually the vessel remains

at anchor while heaving on

the warps.

Scottish fishermen do not

use an anchor and heave on

the warps while the vessel is

kept on the tide. This is

called Scottish seiningor

Fly dragging

Japanese fishermen stemthe tide and tow the net over

the bottom while heaving on

the warps. This is

Japanese seiningor Tow

dragging.29

R l 26 Fi hi l


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Fishing methodsThe ring net or Purse Seine

Purse seining is also an encircling

fishing method.

A long net is set out to form a

hanging curtain around a school of

fish. The bottom of the net is thanpulled together to form a small

pond or purse holding the catch.

Purse seining may be undertaken

by a single vessel, a pair of

vessels or a combination of a large

vessel and auxiliary boats.

Sometimes, small planes or

helicopters are used to spot the

schools of fish. 30

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Fishing methods

Purse seining

The net is set out to form a hanging curtain around the

school

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Fishing methods

Purse seining

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Fishing methods

Purse seining

When the bottom line is closed, the net holds the catch in a purse 33

R le 26 Fishing essels


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Fishing methodsSeine netting

The net and the fish are now along the ships

side34

Rule 26 Fishing vessels


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Fishing methodsPurse seining

Finally, the fish is removed from the net by bailing

or by means of a fish pump. 35



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Fishing methodsDrift nets or Gillnets

Driftnets or gillnets belong to the static fishing gear

A driftnet is a rectangular net hanging vertically in the water

near the surface. A complete fleet may be 3 to 6 km long. 36



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Fishing methods

Drift nets or Gillnets

Gillnets are not only found near

the surface of the water butalso on the bottom of the sea,

the so-called bottom gillnets.

Bottom gillnet

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Fishing methods

Bottom gillnet

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Fishing methods

Scottish driftnet

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Fishing methods

Scottish driftnet

The vessel stays to leeward of the nets

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Fishing methods

Bottom longline

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Fishing methods

Bottom longline

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Fishing methods

Sub-surface longline

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Fishing methods

Sub-surface longline

The longline can be several kilometers long with thousands of hooks

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Fishing methods

Trolling

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Fishing methods

Fish traps

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Fishing methods

Fish trap

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Fishing methods

Fish trap

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A trawler shall exhibit:

When making way through the water:

An all-round green and a white light (fishing lights)

Sidelights

A sternlight

When not making way through the water:

An all-round green and a white light (fishing lights)

Trawlers more than 50 m in length:

A masthead light abaft and higher than the fishinglights

Vessel engaged in trawling Rule 26 (b)

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Rule 26 (b) (i) and (iii)

Making way through the water

Less than 50 m in length

Bow view


All-roundlights

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Rule 26 Fishing vesselsVessel engaged in trawling Rule 26 (b)

Trawler making way through the water, less than 50 m in length.

Port side view 53


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Vessel engaged in trawling. Not making way

through the water. Less than 50 m in length

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Vessel engaged in trawling. More or less than 50 m in length.

Making way through the water. Stern view.56



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Rule 26 (b) (i), (ii) and (iii) Vessel engaged in trawling

More or less than 50 m long


Port side view


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By day

Two cones with their points together (diabolo) in a

vertical line, one above the other

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u e 6 s g esse sVessel engaged in trawling Rule 26 (b)

Vessel engaged in trawling by day

Two cones with their points together (diabolo) in a vertical

line, one above the other 59



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gVessel engaged in trawling Rule 26 (b)

Vessel engaged in trawlingby day

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BOTTOM TRAWLING


The towing warps of trawlers do not extend very far behind the vessel. Their

fishing gear is, consequently, not much of an impediment to other ships and

they may thus be passed at a relatively short distance. 61



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PELAGICTRAWLING


With the floating or mid-water trawl it is quite different and they should not

be approached closer than abt. one mile from the stern

This is far too close

Some trawlers may pull their

trawl net at a considerable

high speed of up to 12 knots

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Outlying gear 150 m or less

When making way through the water

An all-round red and a white light (fishing lights)

Sidelights A sternlight

When not making way through the water

An all-round red and a white light (fishing lights)

BY DAY


vertical line one above the other.

Vessels engaged in fishing other than trawling Rule 26 (c)

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Rule 26 (c) (i) and (iii)

Vessel engaged in fishing other than trawling

Fishing gear extending 150 m or less


Starboard side view


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Driftnetter making way through the water. Fishing gear extending

150 m or less. Starboard side view. 65



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Driftnetter not making way through the water. Fishing gear

extending 150 m or less66



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gVessels engaged in fishing other than trawling Rule 26 (c)

Fishing gear extending 150 m or less

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g


It was a good catch

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Outlying gear more than 150 m

When making way through the water An all-round red and a white light (fishing lights)

Sidelights

A sternlight

An all-round white light in the direction of the gear

When not making way through the water An all-round red and a white light (fishing lights)

An all-round white light in the direction of the gear

BY DAY


vertical line one above the other

A cone apex upwards in the direction of the gear


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Rule 26 (c) (i), (ii) and (iii) Vessel engaged in fishing other than trawling

Outlying gear extending more than 150 metres

Fishing gear astern


Port side view 70



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g


Longliner making way through the water. Fishing gear extending

more than 150 m at the stern. Starboard side view 71



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Rule 26 (c) (i) and (ii)


Fishing gear extending more than 150 m

Fishing gear in front

Vessels engaged in fishing other than trawling Rule 26 (c

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The line is sometimes several kilometers long. Such vessel should be past

on the opposite side of the extra white light or cone. If this is not possible

pass between 2 buoys, preferably with engines stopped. 73



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Rule 26 (c) (i) and Rule 36


Directing a search light towards her nets

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Signals to attract attention Rule 26 (c) and 36

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Rule 26 (b) (i) and Rule 36

Vessel engaged in trawling

Making use of deck lights

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Signals to attract attention Rule 26 (c) and 36

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g

Additional signals Rule 26 (d)

Additional signals for pair trawling

With their searchlight the vessels light up the wire cable

that link their bows

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g



Vessels engaged in pairtrawling shooting their

nets

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Vessels engaged in pairtrawling with their nets

fast upon an obstruction

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Vessels engaged in pairtrawling hauling their nets

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Additional signals for purse seiners

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Signal P: My nets have come fast upon anobstruction

Signal U: You are running into danger

Signal G: I am hauling nets

Signal T: Keep clear of me; I am engaged

in pair trawling

Signal Z: I am shooting nets.

Particular signals

Rule 26 - Fishing Vessels

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