Ruby

Ruby

A Programmer's Best Friend

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/

Disclaimer:This ((might|will) be|is) a Technical Talk

Disclaimer:This might be a Technical TalkThis will be a technical talkThis is a Technical talk

You decide.

aizat.who?

Ezwan Aizat Bin Abdullah Faiz

[email protected]

Web Developer

Ruby, Ruby on Rails, PHP, LAMP

(Previous) MyOSS Meetup Organizer

My Background

Still a University Student

Monash University

10 years ago

Basic HTML

Took a long break

5 years ago, I tried to learn

C++

3 years ago, I learned

PHP

1 year ago, I experimented with

C, Ruby, Python

Winner of the eGenting Competition 2006

using Ruby

Ruby.is_a?

Programming Language

Interpreted Scripting Language

Duck language

Inspired from:

Smalltalk, Perl, Lisp, Python, CLU, Dylan

Syntax is generally like all other programming languages

Ruby's History and Background

Developed in Japan

Yukihiro Matsumoto

Was in Malaysia last year for AsiaOSS

First public Release in 1995

Aim was in trying to make Ruby natural, not simple,

Often people, especially computer engineers, focus on the machines. They think, "By doing this, the machine will run faster. By doing this, the machine will run more effectively. By doing this, the machine will something something something."They are focusing on machines. But in fact we need to focus on humans, on how humans care about doing programming or operating the application of the machines.We are the masters. They are the slaves.

Yukihiro Matsumoto

Basic Features

Classes, Inheritance

Threads

Cross Platform

Iterators and Closures

Garbage Collection

Exception Handling

Object Oriented

Regular Expressions

Variables are not typed

Powerful string operations

Operator Overloading

Introspection, Reflection, Meta programming

To Ruby From Java

Similarities

Garbage Collector

Objects are strongly typed

public, private and protected methods

Embedded doc tools

Differences

Don't need to compile code, just run it

No static type checking

No casting

http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/documentation/ruby-from-other-languages/to-ruby-from-java/

To Ruby From PHP

Similarities

Dynamically typed

eval

Fairly large standard library

Arrays and hashes work like expected

Differences

Strong typing

Everything is an object

No abstract classes or interfaces

Almost everything is a method call

http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/documentation/ruby-from-other-languages/to-ruby-from-php/

Ruby declared TIOBE's Programming Language of 2006

http://www.oreillynet.com/ruby/blog/2007/01/ruby_declared_tiobes_programmi.html

TIOBE Programming Community Index

TIOBE Programming Community Index

In the recent past it was necessary to have a large company behind the language to get it in the spotlight (Sun with Java, Microsoft with C#), but nowadays a killer app appears to be sufficient. Viral marketing via the Internet works! The winners of the last 2 years, PHP and Java, are the losers of this year.

Generally its like all other programming languages,

Except with a few syntax changes

Conditions

General

Ruby

if condition # ...elsif condition2 # ...else # ...end

b = a if condition

unless condition # ...else # ...end

b = a unless condition

if (condition) { # ...} else if (condition2) { # ...} else { # ...}

Loops

General

Ruby

while i < 5 # ...end

until i == 5 # ...end

apples.each { |apple| ... }shapes.each do |shape| puts shape.polygon? puts shape.sides?end

while (condition) { # ...}

for (int i; i < array.length; i++) { # ...}

Exception Handling

Ruby

General

try { # ...} catch (Exception e) { # ...} finally { # ...}

begin # ...rescue RuntimeException => e # ...rescue e # ...ensure # ...end

The Differences

Ruby is simple in appearance, but is very complex inside, just like our human body

Yukihiro Matsumoto

http://blade.nagaokaut.ac.jp/cgi-bin/scat.rb/ruby/ruby-talk/2773

Optional SyntaxFull of Expression

Expression

Parentheses are optionals (sometimes)

Semicolons are optional

Methods can include '!' and '?'

array.uniq.sort

Ruby IS THE BOMB.downcase!

Regular expressions are fun.gsub(/fun/, 'sweet')

Wasting space .strip!

Simpler AND Nicerlooking code

Everything is an Object

Numbers and other primitive types are not objects

1.upto(100) { |i| puts i }

3.14159265.ciel

2.71828182845905.floor

Meta Programming

(or shooting oneself in the foot)

What is Meta Programming?

Metaprogramming is the writing of computer programs that write or manipulate other programs (or themselves) as their data or that do part of the work during compile time that is otherwise done at run time.

In many cases, this allows programmers to get more done in the same amount of time as they would take to write all the code manually.Taken from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaprogramming

Magic!

Santize a string

Convert all non alphanumeric to a 'underscore'

class String def sanitize self.gsub(/[^a-z1-9]+/i, '_') endendputs "Ruby gives you alot of $$$ yo!".sanitize# Ruby_gives_you_alot_of_yo_

Need to shuffle an array?

class Array def shuffle size.downto(1) { |n| push delete_at(rand(n)) } self endend%w[a b c d e f g].shuffle# ["c", "e", "f", "g", "b", "d", "a"]

Why Ruby?

Simpler and concise

Full of expression

Easier to understand

Productive

Large number of libraries

But, mainly because it's a lot more FUN

Who uses Ruby?

HP

Sun

Microsoft

Intel

NASA

NOAA

37 signals

etc...

Whole community built around it

Ruby Central - Non Profit Organization

Ruby Conference

etc...

Ruby on Rails

Convention over Configuration

http://www.rubyonrails.com

Hottest thing to hit Web Development

Web Application Framework

Rapid Application/Iterative Development

AJAX ready

Convention over Configuration

Why Ruby?

Dynamic

Flexible

Utilizes Meta Programming heavily

Domain specific language

Buzz Words Buzz Words Buzz Words

Popular Sites

Basecamp

Project Management

Twitter

What are you doing?

Why not Ruby?

Several Limitations

Slow performance

not massively, just marginally

Benefit is better code

Now a days we have processing cycles to waste

Write it in Ruby C Extensions!

Fixed in Ruby 2.0

Limited Unicode Support

Fixed in Ruby 2.0

So when is Ruby 2.0 coming out?

Hopefully soon...

ResourcesPrograms

IRB Interactive Ruby

Experiment with Ruby from the command line

Write quick code snippets

Enhanceable using Ruby

Support syntax highlighting

$ irb>> puts Hello WorldHello World=> nil>>

RI Ruby Information

Quick Ruby documentation

Takes from both the ruby core code and the external libraries (rubygems)

$ ri String#chop!Returns a new String with the last character removed. If the string ends with \r\n, both characters are removed. Applying chop ...

ResourcesSites

Informational

Ruby Progamming Language

http://www.ruby-lang.org

Wikipedia

all knowing, all powerful Wikipedia

http://www.ruby-lang.org

Learning

Why's (Poignant) Guide to Ruby

http://poignantguide.net/ruby/

Ruby In Twenty Minutes

http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/documentation/quickstart/

MyOSS Meetup

Bob Sutor

Speaking on Open Source, Open Standards and ODF

The Shift to 'Open': Boost or Brakes for Innovation and Business

20th April (next Friday)

Open University Malaysia (near KLCC)

7:00-9:30pm

http://foss.org.my/projects/meetups/april-2007

Questions?

Thank You

[email protected]

Let's Dive Into Ruby

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Ruby

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