RS/GIS Techniques for Rehabilitation /Reconstruction.
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Transcript of RS/GIS Techniques for Rehabilitation /Reconstruction.
RS/GIS Techniques for Rehabilitation /Reconstruction
Disaster Rehabilitation/ Reconstruction
• In common parlance, disaster rehabilitation involves methodical steps for bringing changes in the disaster affected site, with a view of ensuring long-term recovery.
• Disaster rehabilitation may be considered a transitional phase between immediate relief and recovery.
• It refers to actions taken in the aftermath of a disaster to enable basic services to resume functioning, assist victims’ self-help efforts to repair physical damages, revive economic activities; and provide support for the psychological and social well-being of the survivors.
• Disaster rehabilitation/reconstruction involves both institutional arrangements and physical/structural repairing
Institutional Arrangements
INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS - PRINCIPLES AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Efficient Delivery
Put in place core institutional arrangement (nodal agencies) at federal and provincial levels– Clarity of roles in policy, coordination, M&E/reporting, fund flow/management and implementations
Equity
Transparency
Policy/strategy/criteria for equitable resource allocation among provinces/regions based on damages sustained and the associated disaster risks for reconstruction
Accountability
Pro-active program and strategic communications (disclosure) on Rehab and Reconstruction (RR), selection criteria, identification methodology, design standards, procurements, implementation and independent oversight and monitoring – public domain, Public Accounts Committee, civil society
Enhanced fiduciary safeguards and risk mitigation capacities and measures – establish internal and external controls – country systems, special systems for RR projects building on what exists to meet donor requirement/harmonization – upfront challenge
INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS - PRINCIPLES AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Coordination
Indiginizing best practices
Subsidiarity
Socially responsive
Effective coordination between agencies (donors), sectors and geographic areas, through sectoral, national, provincial and district level coordination fora
Fast-tracking procedures and systems for RR implementation – procurement, approvals and hiring of human resource and consultants – training to use existing and new fast tracking systems
Implementation responsibility, systems and capacities delegated to the lowest level of government – more ownership and accountability
Timely and effective response to safeguards, grievances and complaints – to carry the additional RR load (individual and institutional
INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS - PRINCIPLES AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Planning and Budgeting
Monitoring and Evaluation
Realistic planning and budgeting – basic tools to fix responsibility for achieving results – weakest link
Effective internal and external (third party) monitoring and evaluation of RR inputs, outputs, process and results – clearly defined roles at the federal and provincial levels and for outsourcing–built on and integrate with what we have
INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS - PRINCIPLES AND RECOMMENDATIONS
• To Delineate breaches in flood protective infrastructure and observe the restoration process using satellite remote sensing technologies/GIS
Objectives
• The methodology for delineation of breaches and mapping of embankments rehabilitation work consists of four phases:
Satellite data and study area selectionPre-Floods Study: Identification of Breach Vulnerable AreasDuring-Flood Study: Delineation of BreachesPost-Flood Study: Validating the Breaches Rehabilitation Status
Methodology
Methodology Flowchart
• The study area comprises Indus River flood plain affected by floods of 2010
Parameters considered for selecting satellite data;
Satellite images, should not be elected of very next dates after the flood because it keeps on eroding due to the flash flow of water.
It is necessary to compare pre-flood and post-flood images in order to ensure that the embankment is not already damaged.
Selection of post-flood images in later dates after the decrease of water level
Satellite data and study area selection