Rs Ignorance

8/3/2019 Rs Ignorance

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IGNO

RA

NC

E


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InvincibleIgnorance


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Invincibleignorance in

which man isnotable to dispelby suchreasonable

diligence as iscommensuratewith the issue ofan act and withonesopportunities.Invincibleignorance isinculpable.


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Reasonable diligence wouldmean considerable diligence

as when important issuesare at stake, such as savinganother person from


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It is also characterized asantecedent ignorance because it

precedes any voluntary act and isnot willed by any consent of thewill.


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Ignorance is vincible if it could

be removedby reasonablediligence but not because ofnegligence or bad will. It is

culpable.It is described as consequentignorance because it is admitted

or willed either directly or indirectlyflowing thus as a consequencefrom a previous decision of the free

will.


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According to thelesser or

greater degreeof negligence ofwhich one is

guilty, ignorancemay be simplyvincible, if some

but sufficientdiligence hasbeen used in

dispelling the


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Principles Apply To Ignorance AndIts Imputability:

1.) Invincible ignorance prevents thehuman act from being voluntary in regardto that which is not known

What namely is not known, cannot bevoluntary in itself as follows from thedefinition of the human act; and what is

not known with invincible ignorance isnot voluntary in its cause either

and what is not known withinvincible ignorance is notvoluntaryin its cause either


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Example

if John, a cook should cause thedeath of some people by

unknowingly serving them thespoiled meat or poisonousmushrooms which had been soldto him by careless merchants, heis innocent of this calamity and

excused from guilt


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2.) Vincible ignorance

diminishes voluntariness

It does not prevent

voluntariness since theignorance is voluntary in

its cause which isprovoked by negligenceor laziness or even bad

will


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Example

a physician who has seriously

neglected his duties or furtherprofessional development cannotbe excused on the ground of

ignorance if he blunders in theperformance of his profession


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Nevertheless vincible ignorance usuallydiminishes voluntariness and guilt, since theimputability of an action essentially depends onthe insight a person has of a matter and thisinsight is deficient in this case

Simple negligence or laziness do

not usually imply a full consent to allpossible evil consequences whichmay come therefrom.

Affected ignorance does not diminish guilt.

Ignorance is kept up intentionally so that aperson may not be bound by the law and have agreater freedom to commit sin. There is a fullconsent to the sinful effects which result from

ignorance because there is no real effort and no


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Civil law generally does not regardignorance of the law or of the penalty

as an excusing cause but a reason for a

milder penalty.

Ignorance of a fact is alsorecognized by civil law fully as acause excusin from uilt.


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Rs Ignorance

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