"rRpjumvnfapaomf

轉 法 輪

(_refrmbmom_yef)

緬 文 版

vD[kefjunf

李洪志

rjumcifu _yKpkolyHk

vnfw&m;xGãfacgif

旋法至極 佛 法

法 輪

無 常

邊 轉 Ak'<"rRabmifrJh "rRpjumt^rJvnf

'D"rRpjumyHk[m pjum0Vm&Jh tusOf;csKHh yHki,f _zpfw,f / ol[m 'd_yif[if;

vif;_yifawGrSmvJ olh &Jh wnfaer+ toGifoémef-zGHh _zdK;&ifh oefa&;_zpfpOf@Sdaewm

bJ ? 'gh ajumihf bHkwpfbHkvdkh u|efawmfu qdkwm ?

vD[kefjunf 這個法輪圖形是宇宙的縮影，他在其他各個空間也

有他存在的形式、演化過程，所以我說是一個世界 一李洪志

Ak'<"rR[lonf

ÞAk'<"rRß[m odrfarGh eufeJqHk;_zpfw,f ? ol[m uÝmay:@Sd cyfodrf;aomoabm

w&m; a&;&mrsm;teuf *rBD&tqefqHk; / omrefvGeff tusqHk; odÑHynm_zpfw,f ? wu,fvdkh 'De,fy,fudk

azmfxkwf&if omrefvlwdkh &Jh t,ltqudk t&if;t_rpfuaea_ymif;udkypf&r,f ? Edkhr[kwf&if pjum0Vm

juD;&Jh o@kyfrSef[m vlom;wdkh tzdkh xm0pOf 'Ðm&D ,Hkwrf;pum;om _zpfaevdrfh r,f ? omref vlwdkh

taeeJh udk,fh [mudk,f EkHt rdkufrJpGm pnf;cwfxm;wJh abmifxJrSmyJ xm0pOf av;bufoGm;aeju&rSm_zpf

w,f?

'Dawmh ÞAk'<"rRßqdkwm bmwJh vJ ? bmoma&;vm; ? '\evm;/ 'g[m

ÞacwfrSDae^yD_zpfwJh Ak'<bmoma&; okawoD ß wdkh &Jh t_rifom _zpfw,f ? olwdkh [m oabmw&m;a&;udk

avh vmae_cif;om_zpfw,f ? '\eduynm todkif;t0dkif;u&,fvdkh olwdkh rSwf,lxm;wmawGudka0

zef@H+hcsa&;vkyf&if;avhvmaeju / okawoeqdkwmukd _yKaeju_cif;om_zpfw,f? pifppfawmhumÞAk'<"rRß

qdkwm w&m;usrf; pmtkyfawGxJu[muav;avmufomruzl; ? tJ'g[m ÞAk'<"rRß&Jh y%grtqifh

w&m;om _zpfw,f ? ÞAk'<"rRß[m_rL / armfvDusL;wdkh uae pjum0Vm txd / ydki,fwmawGuae ydkjuD;

wmawGtxd odcufv#dKh 0SufwJh t&mrSefor#udk xdk;xGif;od_rif&mrSm tusKH;r0ifwm&,fvdkh udk r@Sd / juGif;

usefwm&,fvdkh udk r@SdygyJ ? ol[mpjum0Vm*k%fowWdxl;_zpfwJh Þ opPm-arwWm-c÷D ß wdkh udk rwlwJh

tqifhawGrSm rwlovdk @Sif;vif;zGifhqdkxm;wm_zpfw,f ? wenf;qdkawmh Þawmufß 0g'Dwdkh qdkaejuwJh

Þawmufß (w&m;) ygyJ/ Ak'<0g'Dwdkh qdkaejuwJh Þ"rRßygyJ ?

rsufarSmuf vlom;wdkh &Jh odÑHynmtaeeJh b,fh avmufjuD; xGef;um;aeae /

pjum0VmjuD;u od&cufwJh v#dKh 0Sufcsufrsm;&Jh wpfpdwfwpfa'oom _zpfw,f ? ÞAk'<"rRß xJu t_cif;

t&m twdtus wdkh eJh ywfoufvdkh u|efawmfwdkh xkwfa_ymrdjuwJh tcg wcsdKh u b,fvdkrsm;a_ymjuovJ

qdkawmh Þckqdk tDvufx@Gefepf acwfjuD;xJ a&mufae^yD / odÑHynmawG odyfxGef;um;ae^yD ?

tmumo ,mOfawGawmif w_cm;^*dKvfawGay: a&mufukefju^yD/ 'Dt,lonf;r+ ta[mif;taqG;awGudk

a_ymae juwkef;yJvm; ß wJh ? @Sif;@Sif;a_ym&&if v#yfppfOD;aESmuf (ocsFmpuf) awG b,fh avmufjuD;

xGef;um;ae ae / vlh OD;aESmufudk r,SOfEdkifao; ? vlh OD;aESmufqdkwm ckxufwdkif okawoe_yK

rqHk;Edkifao;wJh ya[æd t_zpfrSmyJ @Sdaewkef; _zpfw,f ? tmumo,mOfawGtaeeJh b,fh avmufjuD;

_rifhatmif ysHaeae / u|efawmfwdkh vlom;awG aeaejuwJh 'D@kyf0wÔK[if;vif;_yifxJu

ysHxGufroGm;Edkifjuao;zl; ? acwfvl om;wdkh &Jh ynmA[kokwtaeeJh odem;vnfEdkifwmawG[m

tifrwefh udk wdrfvSwJh [muav;awGr_zpfpavmufuav;om_zpfw,f ? pjum0VmjuD;&Jh o@kyfrSefudk

wu,fwrf; odem;vnfa&;tzdkh tvSrf; a0;vGef;vSavpG ?

wcsdKhursm;qdk&ifyuwdt_cif;t&mwnf@SdaewJh t_zpfrSefudkawmif rsufarSmufr _yK&Jju / rxdrwdkh &Jju /

todtrSwf r_yK&Jjuzl; ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh 'DvlawG[m or@dk;usEdkifvGef;vdkh/ a@S;@dk;tpOftvmt,l

tqawGudk a_ymif;^yD; awG;qzdkh udk rvdkvm;juvdkh _zpfw,f ? pjum0Vm / tcsdef - tmum_yif / vlh

cE<mukd,fwdkh eJh ywfoufvdkh ya[Vdudk vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm; ta_zay:vmapcsif&if Þ Ak'<w &m;awmf ß

udkom tm;xm;&rSm _zpfw,f ? Þ olß [m wu,fh _rwf_cif; eJh ,kwf_cif; / taumif;eJh tqdk; wdkh udkcGJ

_cm;Edkifygayw,f ? rSm;,Gif;wJh t_rifrSefor#udk ausmfeif;y,f@Sm;Edkifygayw,f ? xdkrSwqifh t_rifrSef ay;

EdkifpGrf; @Sdygayw,f ?

ckvlom;wdkh &Jh odÑHynmvrf;n$ef tawG;tac:taeeJh odÑHxGef;um;a&; /

okawoe_yKa&;wdkh eJh ywfoufvdkh @kyf0wÔKuÝmtwGif;rSmom abmifcwfxm;@Smw,f ? tajumif;udpP

wpfckudk od_rifvm^yD qdkawmh rS oGm;^yD; okawoe_yKjuw,f / tJovdk vrf;rsdKl;udk vdkufaeju@Smw,f ?

u|efawmfwdkh 'D[if;vif;_yifxJrSm vufeJh udkifjunfh vdkh vJ r& / rsufpdeJh junhf vdkh vJ r_rif&ayrJh yuwd

tm;_zifh wnf@Sdae@Hkru / u|efawmfwdkh 'D@kyf0wÔK[if;vif;_yifrSm xif[yfvdkh vJ _yEdkifvmwJh t_cif;t&m

rsdK;awG / tcdkiftrm twdtusudk _yvmaewmrsdK;awGusawmh rxd0Hh rwdkh 0Hh juzl; / rxif@Sm;wJh t_cif;

t&mawG&,fvdkh xifaejuw,f ? t,loefolwdkhuqdk&if obm0_cif;&mawGyg&,fvdkh udk taxmuf

txm;rJh juHjuHzefzef tajumif;_ya_ymaejuw,f ? tjuHr@dk;olawGuawmh udk,fh pdwfeJh zDvmwdkufaerSef;

odaeyg&ufeJh t,lonf;wmawGcsnf;yg&,fvdkhudk eif;uefpGyfpGJaejuw,f / wufvSrf; csifpdwf

acgif;yg;olwdkh uawmh odÑHynm xGef;um;vSao;wmr[kwfyg&,fvdkh qdk^yD; acgif;a@Smif aewwfjuw,f ?

wu,fvdkh vlom; wdkh taeeJh rdrdudk,fudka&m / pjum0VmjuD;udkyg topfwzef

_yef^yD;od_rifEdkifjur,fqdk&if / avSeH"m;xpf rSwf&pfyHkaoqefvSwJh t,ltqawGukd a_ymif;ypfEdkifju

r,fqdk&if / vlom;wdkh[m ckefysHr+ wpf&yfudk &@Sdjuvdrfh r,f ? Þ Ak'<w&m;awmf ß _rwfu twdkif;twmrJh

abmifrJh uÝmjuD;udk vlom;wdkh xGif;azmuf _rifomatmif zefwD;ay;EdkifpGrf; @Sdw,f ? a@S;ya0o%D

wpfav#mufvHk;up^yD; vlom;rsm; / @kyf0wÔKwnf@Sd aewJh [if;vif;_yif toD;oD; / ZD0rsm;eJh wuG

pjum0VmjuD;wpfckvHk;,vHk;udk ^yD;_ynfh pHkpGm @Sif;vif;atmif a[mjum;Edkifolqdkvdkh Þ Ak'<w&m;awmf_rwf ß

om @Sdygayw,f ?

vD[kefjunf

rmwdum

yxrydkhcscsuf

1? vlawGudktqifh_rifhqD wu,fwGJac:_cif;? 1

2? rwlwJh tqifhv$mawGrSm tqifhcsif;rwlwJh w&m;"rRrsm; &Sdae_cif;? 7

3? oçm / arwWm / c÷Dwdkh[m vlaumif;vlqkd;wdkhukd E+dif;csdefjunfhwJhwpfckwnf;aom 11

pHnGef;_zpf_cif;/

4? Þtckd;usifhpOfß qkdwm orkdif;rwifrDumv,Ofaus;r+_zpf_cif;? 14

5? Þtckd;usifhpOfß qkdwm usifh juHtm;xkwf_cif;yJ? 20

6? usifhyg&ufeJh bm_yKvkdh usifh&nfusifhaoG;rwufEkdif_zpfae&ovJ? 23

7? "rRpjumw&m;awmf&Jh xl;_cm;csuf? 33

'kwd,ydkhcscsuf

1? 'dAýpu<Ka&;&m_y\emrsm;? 41

2? ta0;_rifpGrf;tif? 55

3? ykaAýed0gopGrf;tif? 57

4? "gwfjuD; (5) yg;twGif;rSmr[kwfawmh / avmu(3)yg;t_yifodkha&muf? 63

5/ tvkd&ruf_y\em/ 69

wwd,ydkhcscsuf

1? oifom;rsm;ukd u|efawmfuom;wynfhawGcsnf; t_zpfoabmxm;_cif;? 79

2? Ak'<*dk%f;usifh pOf eJh Ak'<bmom? 80

3? {up&% (wpfckwnf;aomusifh pOfukdom pGJusifha&;)/ 86

4? pGrf;tifeJh pGrf;tm;? 89

5? a_ymif;_yefvSefusifh_cif;eJh pGrf;tifiSm;_cif;? 91

6? tyrSD_cif; ? 98

7? pjum0Vmpum;? 106

8? oifom;rsm;ukd q&mubmawGrsm;ay;ovJ? 109

9? pGrf;tifcGif? 117

10? "rRpjumw&m;awmfoifom;rsm;taeeJh usifhpOfudk b,fvkd_zefh csDjurvJ? 118

pwkwÔykdhcscsuf

1? qHk;@H+;_cif;eJh &&Sd_cif;? 122

2? uHajuG;0ãfajuG;wdkh&Jh tvSnfhta_ymif;/ 125

3? pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;_rSifhwifa&;? 136

4? OD;xdyfrSoGef;avmif;_cif; ? 143

5? Þ*ÝD&wHcg;ßae&m,l_cif;? 147

yó ykdhcscsuf

1? "rRpjumyHkoGif ? 155

2? qef;ju,fusifhpOf? 158

3? rdðmusifhenf; usifh _cif;? 160

4? usm;rpHkwGJusifh _cif;? 164

5? @kyf-emrfpG,fpHkusifh _cif;? 166

6? "rRum,? 168

7? taeuZmwif_cif;? 169

8? t&yfynmtwwf? 177

qXrykdhcscsuf

1? rD;upm;_cif;-bDvlpD; (pdwfazmuf_yef_cif;) 179

2? usifh&mrSm ya,m*tarSmifh 0if_cif;? 189

3? udk,fh pdwfxJuaeya,m*trSmifh ay:&_cif;? 197

4? y"metodpdwfckdifrm&r,f? 203

5? rkcsudk pdwfa_zmifh rSef&r,f? 204

6? udk,fcHodkif;ynm-tckd;usifhpOf? 212

7? ay:vGifvkdpdwf? 217

owWrydkhcsufcsuf

1? oufowf_y\em? 222

2? tom;pm;_y\em? 227

3? remvkdpdwf? 234

4? a&m*guk_y\em? 241

5? aq;@HkukeJh tckd;usifh pOfuk? 247

tõr ykdhcscsuf

1? &duQmuif;? 252

2? Þtckd;ß ckd;_cif;? 255

3? Þtckd;ß qGwf,l_cif;? 258

4? ukd,fusifhrS udk,f&rSm? 261

5? Þtmumwpfywfc&D;ß ? 270

6? yDwdtpGJ? 281

7? 0pDydwf? 284

e0rydkhcscsuf

1? tckd;usifh pOfeJh tm;upm;? 286

2? tm@Hk ? 290

3? pdwW0dok'd< (pdwf"gwfjunfvifoefhpifa&;) ? 298

4? yg&rD"gwfcH? 304

5? tod? 306

6? yg&rD*k%f&SdefjuD;&ifhol? 314

1

yxrydkh cscsuf

vlawGudktqifh _rifh qD wu,f wGJac:_cif; ?

u|efawmfh taeeJh w&m; _zefh csD&m / usifh pOf ydkh cs &mrSm / wav#mufvHk;yJ vlh tzGJh tpnf;

tay: oifom;awGtay: wm0ef,lcJh wmeJh tr# / &@SdwJh tusKd;oufa&mufr+[maumif;rGefygw,f ? vlh

tzGJh tpnf;wpfckvHk;tay: joZmoufa&mufr+[mvnf; tawmftwefaumif;rGefygw,f ? _yD;cJh wJhESpf

rsm;twGif; / tcdk;usifh pOf(csdukef;)q&m rsm;pGmwdkh u tcdk;usifh pOfoifay;cJh juw,f ? olwdkh a[mju

a_ymjuwmawGu / a&m*guif;a&;usef;rma&;tqifh xJu[mawGcsnf; _zpfw,f ? rSefw,f / olrsm;usifh

&yfawG raumif;ygvdkh qdkvdkwmr[kwfyg ? tqifh_rifh u OpPmawGudk olwdkh _zefhcsD_cif; r_yKjuvdkhom

u|efawmfu qdkvdkwmyg ? w_ynfvHk;u tcdk;usifh pOfta_ctaeudkvnf; u|efawmf tukef odw,f ?

_ynfwGif;_ynfyrSm wu,fh udk tqifh _rifhqDar#mfukd;_yD;usifhpOf vufqifh urf;a&;udk cku|efawmf

wpfa,mufwnf;omvkyfaew,f ? tqifh _rifh qDvufqifh urf;a&;udk bm_zpfvdkh vkyfwJh vlr@Sd&ovJÀ

bm_zpfvdkh vJqdkawmh ESD;E$,faewJh _y\emawGu odyfjuD;ae / ESD;E$,faewJh ordkif;tajumif;cHawG

uvnf; odyfeufae / ESD;E$,faewJh t0ef;t0dkif;uvJ odyfus,fae / qufpyfaewJh _y\emawGuvJ

odyfpl;@Saevdkh _zpfw,f ? 'grsdK;u olvdkigvdkvlawG vufqifh urf;EdkifwmrsdK;vJ r[kwfyJudk; ?bm_yKvdkh

vJqdkawmh tcdk;usifh pOf *dk%f;*%rsm;pGmwdkh u OpPmawGudk xd&awmh rSmrdkh vdkh udk; ? txl;o_zifh u|efawmf

wdkh tcdk;usifh pOfusifh ol rsm;pGmwdkh taeeJh u / 'Daeh 'Dusifh pOfudk usifh vdkufju / euf_zef[dkusifh pOfudk

usifh vdkufjueJh [m / wudk,fvHk;udk uarmufur _zpfae_yDrdkh usifh vdkh udk _zpfa_rmufawmh rSm r[kwfwm

usdef;aow,f ? olrsm;awGu vrf;rjuD;twdkif;vdkufusifh aejuwJh tcgrSm / olwdkh crsm

vrf;odrfvrf;r$m;uav;awGeJh csnf; yufyif;&ifqdkifaeju&w,f ? 'gudkusifh &if [dk[mu aESmifh ,Suf

vdkuf / [dk[mudk usifh &if 'D[muaESmifh ,SufvdkufeJh / taESmifh t,SufawGeJh csnf; wdk;ae&avawmh

b,fusifh vdkh &ygawmh rvJ ?

'gawGudku|efawmfwdkh tukefbD;pdwfwdkufcsay;oGm;r,f ? oifa@Sh qufusifh oGm;Edkifatmif

/ aumif;wmawGcsef_yD; / raumif;wmawG y,fypf&r,f ? wpfckawmh @Sdw,f / w&m;awmfudk wu,fwrf;

vmoif,lolawGrS_zpfr,f ? wu,fvdkh oifh tae eJh pdwftpGJ trsdK;rdsK; ydkufxm;&if _zpfap / od'<dvdkcsifvdkh

vmwmrsdK; _zpf&if_zpfap / a&m*gvmtukcHwmrsdK; _zpf&if_zpfap/ oabmw&m; vmem;axmifwmrsdK;

2

_zpf&if_zpfap / 'grSr[kwf raumif;wJh &nf@G,fcsufwpfckckeJh vmwmrsdK; _zpf&if_zpfap / tvum;csnf;

rSwfayawmh ? bm_yKvdkhvJqdk&if u|efawmfa_ym_yD;_yD / 'DudpPu u|efawmfwpfa,mufwnf;om

vkyfaewmudk; ? ckvdkudpPrsdK;qdkwm tcGifh tvrf; rsm;rsm;pm;pm;@SdrSmr[kwfyg ? u|efawmfu'Dtwdkif;wpf

av#mufvkH;vufqifh urf;oGm;rSmcsnf;vJ r[kwfyg? u|efawmfh t_rift&a_ym&&if / u|efawmfusifh pOf

vufqifh urf;wm / w&m;a[mwmudk udk,fwdkifudk,fus em;axmiff&olwdkh taeeJh wu,fh udk b,fh

avmufrsm; .......... vJvdkh u|efawmfqdkcsifw,f ? aemifus&if oifodvmvdrfhr,f 'Dtcsdefydkif;

uav;[m tifrwefh udk aysmfp&maumif;vdkufygbdqkdwmukd oifcHpm;rdvmvdrfhr,f/ rSefw,f /

yõmef;qufudk u|efawmfwdkh ,Hkw,f 'DrSm xdkifaejuolawG[m yõmef;qufawGcsnf;bJaygh ?

tqifh _rifh qD usihfpOfvufqifh urf;ay;_cif;[m bmvJqdkwm pOf;pm;junfh juprf;yg ?

vlawGudk c|wfwmr[kwfvm; À vlawGudk c|wf_cif;qdkawmh oiftaeeJhwu,fh udk usifh juH tm;

xkwf&musae_yDaygh a&m*guif;a&; usef;rma&;avmufwif b,fuawmh rvJ ? uJ wu,fusifh _yD

qdkwJh aemufawmh / oifom;awGtay: pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; awmif;qdkr+vJ _rifh vm&awmh rSmaygh ?

u|efawmfwdkh 'DrSmxdkifaejuolawG[m w&m;awmfudk vmoif,ljuwm_zpfw,f ? 'Dawmh oifh taeeJh

udk,fh udk udk,f wu,fh w&m;usifh olwpfa,muftaeeJh 'DrSmxdkifaewmrsdK; _zpf&r,f ? pdwftpGJawG pGefh

v$wfypf&vdrfh r,f ? oifh taeeJh awmifhwwJh &nf@G,fcsuf trsdK;rsdK;eJh usifh pOfudk vmoif,lwmrsdK; -

w&m;awmfudk vmoif,l wmrsdK;qdk&if / bmrSwwfrSm r[kwfbl; ? oifh udk trSefw&m;wpf&yf a_ym_yr,f

vlwdkh&JhusifhjuH tm; xkwf_zpf pOfwav#mufvHk;qdkwm vlwdkh &Jh pdwftpGJawGudkc|wf_yD;&if;c|wfypfwJh

_zpfpOfyJ _zpfw,f ? omref vlwdkh &Jh vlh tzGJh tpnf;rSm / vlawG[m wpfa,mufeJh wpfa,muf vSD;aeju?

uvdef _cHK usaejuw,f ? udk,fa&;udk,fwm 'DtusdK;uav;twGufeJh olrsm;udk xdcdkufepfematmif

vkyfaeju w,f ? 'DpdwfrsdK;awGudk tukefpGefh ypf&r,f ? txl;o_zifh uaeh u|efawmfwdkh usifh

pOfoif,laejuolwdkh taeeJh 'DpdwfrsdK;awGudk om_yD;awmh awmif pGefh ypfju&r,f ?

'DrSm u|efawmfu a&m*guka&;eJh ywfoufvdkh a_ymraezl; ? u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh a&m*g

vJ ukray;bl; ? 'gayr,fh wu,fh w&m;usifh olwdkh taeeJh udk,frSma&m*g@Sdae&ifusifhvdkh &rSm

r[kwfbl; ? oifh udk u|efawmfu cE<moefh pifa&; vkyfay;&r,f ? cE<moefh pifa&;eJh ywfoufvdkh

wu,fwrf;udk usifh pOfvmoif,ljuolawG / wu,fwrf;udk w&m;vmoif,ljuolawGudkrS vkyfay;rSm?

oifh taeeJh 'DpdwfawGudk pGefh r&&if / 'Da&m*g tpGJawGudk pGefh r&&if u|efawmfwdkh bmrS vkyfay;EdkifrSm

r[kwfajumif; / bmrSwwfEdkifrSm r[kwfajumif;udk tav;wif;a_ymxm;yg&ap ? bm_zpfvdkh vJqdkawmh

3

'Dpjum0VmtwGif;rSm w&m;oabmwpf&yf@Sdaewmudk; ? omrefvlawGjum;uudpPawGqdkwm Ak'<

*dk%f;tvdkt& qkd&ifyãdpPorkÑg'f ajumif;usdK;w&m;t&_zpfysuf aejuwmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? arG; - tdk -

emaoqdkwm omrefvlwdkh tzdkh 'Dtwdkif;udkbJ wnf@Sdaewm_zpfw,f ? vlawGtaeeJh t&ifu

raumif;wm awGvkyfrdvdkh _zpfay:vm&wJh tukodkvfawGajumifh om / ckvdka&m*gb,awG _zpfvdk_zpf /

ab;'k= awGa&mufvdka&muf _zpfaeju&wmav ? 'k=cH&_cif;qdkwm 0ãfajuG;awGudk _yefqyfae&

wmaygh? 'gajumifh b,folrS 'gudk ayghaygh wefwef oGm;_yifvdkh r&zl; ? oGm;_yifvdkuf&if wifaewJh

tajuG;awGudk _yefrqyfbJ aevdkh &&ma&muf oGm;rSm_zpfw,f ? aygh aygh qq vkyfcsifovdk oGm;vkyfvdkh

vJ r&bl; ? Edkh r[kwf&if raumif;r+vkyf&musrSm_zpfw,f ?

vludk a&m*gukay;wm / a&m*guif;apatmif usef;usef;rmrm_zpfapatmif aqmif@Gufay;

wm[m aumif;r+_yK&musw,fvdkh wcsdKh uxifaejuw,f ? u|efawmfh t_rift& a_ym&&if / wu,f

a&m*gaysmufoGm;wmrsdK; wpfa,mufrSr@Sdbl; ? a&m*gudk a@$h qdkif;ypfvdkufwmrsdK; / wpfckckt_zpf a_ymif;

ay;vdkufwmrsdK;awGcsnf;_zpfw,f ? wpfcgwnf; ,lypfvdkufwmrsdK;&,fvdkh udk r@Sdbl; ? 'Dab;'k=udk

wu,fwrf; y,fypfr,fqdk&if / tukodkvfawG _yKef;ukefrS _zpfr,f ? wu,fvdkh 'Da&m*gaysmufatmif

wu,fwrf; ukay;Edkifr,fqdk&if / 'DtukodkvfawGudk t_yD;tydkif y,f@Sif;ypfEdkifr,fqdk&if / 'Dt_zpfrsdK;

wu,fh udk a&mufEdkifr,fqdk&if / 'DvlvJ tqifh edrfh awmh rSm r[kwfbl; ? w&m;oabmwpf&yfudk

ol_rifaea&maygh? ( 0g ) omrefvlawGjum;uw&m;oabmudk ayghayghwefwef zsufqD;aumif;wmrsdK;

r[kwfrSef; olodaea&maygh ? w&m;usifh &if; usifh oltaeeJh *@k%mpdwft&if;cH eJh aumif;r+_yKwm /

a&m*gukay;wm / a&m*g uif;apatmif / usef;rmatmif aqmif@Gufay;wmrsdK;udk cGifh _yKw,f ? 'gayr,fh

vHk;vHk;aysmufatmif ukay;EdkifwmrsdK;vJ r[kwfbl; ? wu,fvdkh omrefvlwpfa,muf&Jh a&m*gudk

wu,fh udk t_rpf_zwfypfEdkifr,fqdkygawmh / w&m;rusifh wJh omrefvlwpfa,muftaeeJh 'Duae xGuf

oGm;wJh tcg bma&m*grS r@dSawmh bl;wJh / 'gayr,fvdkh omrefvlwpfa,muft_zpfrSmyJ@dSaeOD;r,fqdk&if/

udk,fusdK;eJh ywfoufvmwJh tcg omrefvlvdkyJ eifvm; igvm; vSD;aeOD;r,fqdk&if / olh tukodkvfawGudk

ayghayghwefwef y,fypfvdkh b,f_zpfrvJ ? 'grsdK;udk t@Sif;cGifh r_yKbl; ?

'g_zpf&if w&m;usifh olawGudkawmh bm_yKvdkh vkyfay;vdkh &ovJ ? 'guawmh w&m;usifh

olqdkwm tzdk;xdkufwefqHk; _zpfvdkh yJ ? olu w&m;usifh csifaeavawmh ay:xGufvmwJh 'Dqê[m

tzdk;xdkufwefqHk; _zpfvdkh yJ ? Ak'<bmomrSm Ak'<pdwfeJhywfoufvdkh EDS;aESmavh @Sdjuw,f ? Ak'<pdwf ay:

xGef;vm_yDqdkwmeJh Om%fawmf@SifawGu olh udk tultnDay;Edkifjuawmhwmaygh ? bmoabmvJqdk

4

awmh / u|efawmfh taeeJh a_ym&&if / u|efawmfu tqifh _rifh rSm usifh pOfvufqifh urf;aewm

_zpfavawmh / tqifh _rifhu w&m;oabmeJh qufpyfaewJht_yif / qufpyfaewJh _y\emawGuvJ

odyfjuD;aevdkh yJ ? 'Dpjum0VmtwGif;rSm u|efawmfwdkh _rifwmu / vlh touf[m omrefvlwdkh &Jh vlh tzGJh

tpnf;uae aygufyGm;vmwm r[kwfbl; ? vlh touftppf[m pjum0Vm[if;vif;_yifuae aygufyGm;

vmwm_zpfw,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJ qdkawmh 'Dpjum0VmtwGif;rSm toufzefwD;wJh t&m0wÔKtrsdK;rsdK; trsm;

juD;@Sdaewmrdkh / tJ'Dt&m0wÔKawG t_yeftvSef tusdK;oufa&mufr+v+yf&Sm;ju&if; toufawG

aygufyGm;vm Edkifvdkh _zpfw,f ? wenf;tm;_zihf a_ym&&if vlwdkh &Jh tapmqHk;touf[m pjum0Vmuae

ay:vmwm _zpfw,f ? pjum0Vm[if;vif;_yif[m e*dkrlvuwnf;u rGef_rwf_yD;om; _zpfw,f ? usif;

(真 opPm ) - pefh (善 arwWm) - &if (忍 c÷D)qdkwJh *k%fowWdxl;eJh _ynfh pHk_yD; _zpfw,f ?

tjuifol[m zGm;_rif vm_yDqdkuwnf;u pjum0VmeJh Zmwfwl_zpfae_yD;om;_zpfw,f ? 'gayr,fh

ouf@SdawGaygufzGm;wm rsm;vmwJh tcg tkyfpkvdkuf_zpfwJh vlr+qufqHa&;vJ ay:xGufvmava&m /

'DtxJrSm wcsdKh taeeJh wudk,faumif; pdwf yGm;aumif;yGm;vmjur,f ? w_znf;_znf;eJh tqifh

usvmjur,f ? 'Dtqifh v$mrSm aevdkh r&awmh wmeJh tr# atmufudkus&awmh wmaygh ? 'D tqifh v$m

rSmvJ raumif;_yef&if / aevdkh r&_yef&if atmufudkqufusbdkh bJ@Sdw,f ? aemufqHk;usawmh vlom;wdkh &Jh

'Dtqifh v$mudk usa&mufvmju &ygava&m ?

vlh tzGJh tpnf;wpf&yfvHk;[m tqifh v$mwpfcktwGif;rSmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? 'Dt_zpfudk qdkuf

vm&w,fqdkwmu / omrefvGefpGrf;tifwdkh taeeJh a_ym&&if _zpfap / Om%fawmf@SifjuD;awGtaeeJh

a_ym& &if _zpfap / rlvu tJ'Douf@SdawG[m zsufqD;cH&zkdh _zpfw,f ? 'gayr,fh Om%fawmf@SifjuD;awGu

arwWm*@k%mpdwf t&if;cH_yD; olwdkhudktcGifhtvrf;xyfay;_yefwmeJh tr# / ckvdk 0daooxl;vSwJh

ywf0ef;usifwpf&yf / 0daooxl;wJh[if;vif;_yifwpf&yf _zpfay:vmwm_zpfw,f ? 'D[if;vif;_yifu

ouf@SdawG[m pjum0VmtwGif;@Sd [if;vif;_yiftm;vHk;u ouf@SdawGeJh rwlbl; ? 'D[if;vif;_yifu

ouf@SdawGu w_cm;[if;vif;_yifawGu ouf@SdawGudk r_rif&bl; ? pjum0Vm&Jh o@kyfrSefudk r_rif&bl; ?

'gajumifh 'DvlawG[m rsufpdvnfvrf;rSm;t_zpfrsdK;usa&mufae&m us&Smayw,f ? a&m*gaysmufcsif&if /

ab;uif;csif&if / tukodkvfawG _yKef;ukefapcsif&if / 'DvlawGtaeeJh udk,fh yifudk,fZpf_rpf tppftrSefqD

_yefa&mufEdkifatmif w&m;usifhudkusifhrS_zpfr,f ? 'guawmh w&m;usifh a&; trsdK;rsdK;rSm

tukef'Dvdk_rifxm;juwmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? vlwdkh taeeJh udk,fh yifudk,fZpf_rpf tppftrSefqD _yefa&mufzdkh

urS vl_zpf&_cif;&Jh &nfrSef;csuftppf _zpfw,f ? 'gajumifh tjuifoltaeeJh w&m;usifh csif_yD qdkwmeJh

5

w^ydKifeuf Ak'<pdwf xGef;vm_yDvdkh rSwf,lcH&awmh wmaygh ? 'DtawG;[m tzdk;xdkufqHk; _zpfw,f ?

bm_yKvdkh vJ qdkawmh olh taeeJh u udk,fh yifudk,f Zpf_rpf tppftrSefqD _yefcsifvdkh udk; omrefvlwdkh &Jh

'Dtqifh v$muae @kef;xGufcsifvdkh udk; ?

Ak'<bmomu ckvdkpum;wpfcGef;udk trsm;wumwdkh jum;zl;aumif;jum;zl;jurSm_zpfw,f ?

Ak'<pdwfay:vm_yDqdkwmeJhw^ydKifeuf/ t&yf(10)rsufESmaom uÝmjuD;wpfckvHk;udk odrfhodrfhwkef

oGm;apowJh ? b,fol awGh awGh tukefulnDjurSmcsnf;yJ / tjuGif;rJh ulnDjurSmcsnf;yJ ? Ak'<*dkf%f;taeeJh

vludk tu|wfw&m;&&maprSm c|if;csufrxm; / tbdk;tc rxm;wmrdkh / c|if;csufrJh ulnDEdkifjuw,f ?

'gajumifh u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh oifom;awGudk trsm;juD;aqmif@Gufay;Edkifjuw,f ? 'gayr,fh

omrefvlwpfa,muftaeeJh uawmh / omrefvlomvkyfcsifwJh vlwpfa,muftaeeJh uawmh /

a&m*gaysmufcsifayr,fh olh tvdktwdkif; _zpfukdr_zpfEdkifbl; ? iga&m*gaysmuf&if usifh r,fvdkh wcsdKh u

tawG;ay:aumif;ay:vdrfh r,f ? w&m;usifh a&;qdkwm bmc|if;csufrS @Sdwmr[kwfbl; ? usifh

csifoyqdk&if usifh omusifh ayawmh ? wpfckawmh @Sdw,f udk,fcE<mrSma&m*g_idae&if / 'Dtwdkif;usifh vdkh

r&bl; ? wcsdKh qdk&ifvJ udk,fcE<mrSm owif;tcsuftvuf awG @+yfaewmyJ ? wcsdKh usawmh vHk;vHk;udk

rusifh zl;ao;bl; ? wcsdKh us_yefawmh vJ ESpfudk q,fydkif;eJh csD_yD; usifh cJh ju_yD_zpfayr,fh wufEdkifzdkh

aeaeomom / tcdk;awGjum;rSmbJ w0Jv,fv,f _zpfaejuwkef; ?

b,fh eJh vkyfygh rvJ ? tqifh _rifh qD wufvSrf;Edkifapatmif u|efawmfwdkh u olh udk,fcE<m

udk oefh pifay;oGm;rSm_zpfw,f ? tedrfh qHk; tqifh v$mrSm usifh wJh tcg _zpfpOfwpfck@Sdw,f ? b,fvdkvJ

qdkawmh oifh cE<mudk vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm; oefh pifay;&r,f ? tawG;tac:xJu raumif;wmrSefor#wdkh /

cE<mudk,fw0dkufu uHajuG;0ãfajuG;cGifwdkh / udk,fcE<mudk rusef;rrm_zpfapwJh tajumif;&yfwdkh udk tukef

@Sif;ypf&r,f ? &Sif;rypf&if tqifh _rifh qDudk wufvSrf;&mrSm / ckvdk aemufusdaewJh udk,fcE<mjuD;&,f /

rJnpfaewJh udk,fcE<mjuD;&,f / npfywfaewJh tawG;tac:&,fwdkh wdk;vdk;wef;vef; juD;eJh [m

b,f_zpfEdkifygh rvJ ? u|efawmfwdkh 'DrSm tcdk;awGukd usifh raebl; ? tedrfh v$mu'grsdK;awGudk oifusifh

aep&mrvdkawmhbl; ? oifh udk,fcE<mudk a&m*grJh t_zpf a&mufapatmif oifh udku|efawmfwdkh wGef;ydkh

vdkufr,f ? wcsdefwnf;rSm u|efawmfwdkh u tedrfh v$mrSm ta_ccHcs&r,fh [mawGGudk oifh udk,fxJ rSm

toifh _zpfaeatmif vJvkyfay;vdkufr,f ? 'DvdkeJh u|efawmf wdkh [m tifrwef _rifh wJh tqifh v$m rSm

usifh &m usae_yDaygh ?

6

usifh a&;tqdkt& a_ym&&if / tcdk;awGudk xnfh wGuf&if tqifh (3) qifh @Sdw,f ?

'gayr,fh wu,fusifh &mrSm (tcdk;awGusifh wmryg ) tqifh juD; (2) qifh @Sdw,f ? wqifh u avmuD

wGif;usifh a&;_zpf_yD; / wqifh u avmuDxGufusifh a&;_zpfw,f ? tJ'DavmuDwGif;-avmuDxGufusifh a&;

qdkwm ausmif;wdkufawGu avmuDxGuf / avmuD0ifqdkwmwdkh eJh w_cm;pD_zpfw,f ? olwdkh [mu

oabmw&m;t&om_zpfw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh uawmh wu,fh udk vlh udk,fcE<mudk usifh wJh tqifh juD;

(2) qifh a_ymif;vJr+_zpfw,f ? avmuDwGif;usifh a&;rSm vlh udk,fcE<m[m oefh pif_yD;&if; oefh pifvm / oefh

pif_yD;&if; oefh pifvmaewmrdkh / avmuDwGif;usifha&;t_rifh qHk; toGifa&mufwJh tcg / udk,fcE<m[m

pGrf;tif_rifh t&m0wÔKawGeJh vHk;0tpm;xdk;_yD;om;_zpfae_yD ? avmuDxGufusifha&;usawmh / ta_ccH

tm;_zifh Ak'<cE<musifha&;_zpfae_yD ? pGrf;tif_rifh t&m0wÔKawGeJh _yD;_yD;om;_zpfwJh udk,fcE<m_zpfae_yD ?

pGrf;tifawG rSefor#tukef_yefxGuf&OD;r,f ? u|efawmfwdkh qdkvdkwmu tJ'Dtqifh juD; (2) qifh _zpfw,f ?

yõmef;qufudk u|efawmfwdkh ,Hkw,f ? 'DrSm xdkifaejuolrsm;udk u|efawmf ckvdkvkyfay;

Edkifw,f ? ckqdk u|efawmfwdkh vl (2) axmifausmf / axmifpktrsm;om@Sdw,f ? 'dxufydkOD;awmh / aomif;eJh

csDOD;awmh / u|efawmf tukefvkyfay;Edkifw,f ? wenf;tm;_zihfa_ym&&if / tqifh edrfh rSm oifusifh aebdkh

rvdkawmh bl; ? oifh udk,fcE<mudk oefh pif_yD;wJh tcg oifh udk wGef;ydkh ay;vdkufr,f ? _yD;_ynfh pHkwJh usifh

a&;tzGJh wpfckudk oifh udk u|efawmf csay;vdkufr,f ? 'Dawmh csufcsif; vufiif;qdkovdk tqifh _rifh rSm

oifusifh &musae_yD ? wpfckawmh @Sdw,f / wu,fusifh wJh oifom;awGudkrSom vkyfay;rSm_zpfw,f ?

'DrSmxdkifae@HkeJh oifusifh ol_zpf_yDvdkh qdkvdk&mrusyg ? tawG;tac:t& t&if;t_rpfuae a_ymif;vJvm ygrS

u|efawmfwdkh u vkyfay;EdkifrSm ? 'gawGwif ruao;bl; / trsm;wumwdkh udk u|efawmfu bmawG rsm;

ay;vdkufovJqdkwmudk aemufawmh oifwdkh em;vnfvmjuvdrfh r,f ? a&m*gukoa&;eJh ywfouf vdkh

vJ 'DrSm u|efawmfwdkh xnfh ra_ymjubl; ? 'gayr,fh oifom;awGusifh Edkifatmifvdkh udk,fcE<m oy`g,_zpf

a&;udk wpfpkw_ydKifwnf; u|efawmfwdkh aqmif@Gufay;oGm;rSm_zpfw,f ? a&m*g@SdwJh udk,fcE<mjuD;eJh qdk&if

oifod'd<wufzdkh qdkwm tv#if;_zpfEdkifrSmr[kwfbl; ? 'Dawmh a&m*gukay;ygqdk_yD;awmhvJ u|efawmfhqD

vmraejueJh ? 'grsdK;udku|efawmfu vkyfay;rSmvJ r[kwfbl; ? _ynfolvlxk eJh csOf;uyfvmwJh ta&;

tygqHk; u|efawmfh &nfrSef;csufuawmh / vlawGukd tqifh _rifh qD wGJac:oGm;zdkh yJ _zpfw,f / wu,fh udk

tqifh _rifh qD wGJac:oGm; zdkh yJ _zpfw,f ?

7

rwlwJh tqifh v$mwdkh rSm tqifh csif;rwlwJh w&m;"rRrsm; @Sdae_cif;

tcdk;usifh pOf qdkwm y%mr tqifh-tqifh vwf - tqifh _rifh @Sdw,f&,fvdkh / t&ifu

tcdk;usifh pOfq&mrsm;pGmwdkh uqdkjuw,f ?tukefvHk; tcdk;awGcsnf;yJ / tcdk;usifh wJh tqifh u[mawG

csnf;yJ ? 'gawmifrSrsm; /y%mrtqifh -tqifh vwf-tqifh _rifh &,fvdkh cGJ &ao;w,f ? wu,fh tqifh

_rifh u[mawGeJh ywfoufvdkh awmh /u|efawmfwdkh tcdk;usifh pOf usifh ol trsm;wdkh &Jh OD;aESmufxJrSm Avm

vdk_zpfaeju w,f ? tvsif;udk rodjubl; ? ckup_yD; u|efawmf @Sif;_y oGm;rSmawGuawmh / tqifh _rifh u

w&m;"rRawGcsnf;_zpfw,f ? _yD;awmh /usifh juHtm;xkwfr+eJh ywfoufvdkh *k%fqnfay;bkdhvJ u|efawmf

pdwful;xm;w,f? usifh juHtm;xkwfr+ avmu u rawmfra&mfwmawGudk u|efawmf oifwef;ay;&if;

xnfh a_ymoGm; r,f ? 'gawGeJh ywfoufvdkh b,fvdk oabmxm;ovJ / b,fvdk_rifovJ qdkwmawGudk

u|efawmf tukefxkwfa_ymr,f ? _yD;awmh / tqifh _rifh v$m rSm usifh pOfeJh w&m;"rR_zefhcsD&mrSm /

qufpyfwJh t0ef;t0dkif;wdkh / qufpyfwJh _y\emwdkh[m tawmfjuD;w,f ? tifrwef

_yif;xefxuf_rufwJh txdawmif_zpfvmp&m@Sdw,f ? 'DudpPawGudk xkwfa_ymoGm;zdkh vJ

u|efawmfpOf;pm;xm;w,f ? 'D_yif[if;vif; _yifawGuvmwm_zpf_yD; u|efawmfwdkh omrefvlh tzGJh tpnf;

tzdkh taESmifh t,Suf _zpfapwmawG / txl; o_zifh usifh juH tm;xkwfr+avmutzdkh taESmifht,Suf

_zpfapwmawGudkvJ u|efawmfxkwfa_ymoGm;r,f ? wcsdefwnf;rSm / 'D_y\emawGeJh ywfoufvdkh

u|efawmfwdkh oifom;awGudk a_z@Sif;ay;oGm;r,f ? 'D_y\ emawG ra_yvnf&if oifusifh vdkh &rSm

r[kwfbl; ? 'D_y\emawGudfk t&if;t_rpfuae a_z@Sif;ypf r,fqdk&if / u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh

trsm;wumwdkh udk wu,fusifh olt_zpf oabmxm;rSom / ckvdk vkyf EdkifrSm_zpfw,f ? rSefw,f ? oifh udk

wpfcgwnf; tawG;tac: a_ymif;oGm;apzdkh qdkwm rvG,fbl; ? oif wef;wuf&if; oiftawG;tac:

w_znf;_znf;a_ymif;vmvdrfhr,f ? *@kwpdkuf em;axmifjuzdkh vJ u|efawmf ar#mfvifh w,f ?

u|efawmfoifwm olrsm;awGeJh rwlbl; ? wcsdKhub,fvdkoifovJ qdkawmh / olh usifh pOf w&m; oabm

udk tusOf;oabm a_ym_yw,f ? _yD;&if olh owif; tcsuftvuf wdkh udk zrf;,lapw,f ? usifhuGufwpfpHk

oifay;vdkufr,f ? 'Dvdkqdk _yD;a&m ? ckvdk oifay;yHkrsdK;udk vlawGu tusifh ygaeju_yD ?

wu,fwrf; usifhpOf vufqifh urf;wJh tcg / w&m;"rR a[m&r,f / ØØ awmuf (w&m;)××

a[m&r,f? tqifh _rifh u w&m;oabmawGudk / twef; q,fcgwuf&if; / u|efawmf tukef @Sif;vif; zGifh

qdk _yoGm;r,f ? 'grS oif usifh juH tm;xkwfoGm;EdkifrSm ? Edkh r[kwf&if t@Sif;udk usifh vdkh &rSmr[kwfbl;?

8

olrsm;awG vufqifh urf;juwmawGu a&m*guif;a&; usef;rma&; tqifh u[mawG csnf;_zpfw,f ?

tqifh _rifh udk wufvSrf;usifh juHr,fqdk&if vrf;!$ef_zpfwJh tqifh _rifh u w&m;r@SdyJeJh / b,fh eJh vkyf usifh

ygh rvJ ? ausmif;wufovdkaygh ? wuUodkvfudk rlvwef;zwfpmeJh oGm;wuf_yD qdkygawmh / rlvwef;

ausmif;om;yJ _zpfaeOD;rSmaygh ? wcsdKh u xifjur,f / igawmh usifhpOfawGwufcJh / oifcJh wm renf;awmh

bl;vdkh ? 'Dusifh pOf [dkusifh pOfawGqkdwm pHkvdkh ? atmifvufrSwfawG qdkwmvJ wyHkcsnf;aygh ? 'gayrJh

olhusihf&nfusifhaoG;uawmh rwufEdkifao;zl;av ? 'gawG[m tcdk;usifh pOf &Jhy&rwÔw&m;awGaygh /

tcdk;usihfpOfqdkwm 'gawGayghukef^yDayghvdkh olwdkh txifa&mufaejuw,f ? r[kwfzl; ?'gawG[m tcdk;usifh

pOf&Jh tay:,H ta&cGHavmufom _zpfw,f ? tedrfhqHk; tqifh u[mawGom _zpfw,f ? tcdk;usifh

pOfqdkwm 'gawGwifb,furvJ? tcdk;usifhpOfqdkwm usifhjuHtm;xkwf_cif;_zpfw,f? tifrwefhudk

us,fa_ymeufeJwJh t&mvJ_zpfayw,f ^yD;awmhrwlwJh tqifhawGrSm rwlwJhw&m; "rRawGvJ

@Sdaejuw,f ? 'gajumifh cku|efawmfwdkh odaejuwJh tcdk;usifhpOfusifh aejuwmrsdK;awGeJh rwlzl; ?

tJ'grsdK;awGudk oifh taeeJh b,fh avmufjuD; rsm;rsm;pm;pm; wwfxm; OD;awmh / tukef rJ_ymykqkd;awG

csnf;yJ r[kwfvm; ? Oyrmqdkygawmh / t*Fvdyf rlvwef;zwfpmwkdh tar&duef rlvwef;zwfpmwkdh /

*syefrlvwef;zwfpmwkdh / w@kwfrlvwef;zwfpmwkdhudk oiftukef oif_yD;_yDwJh / rlvwef; ausmif;om;-

rlvwef; ausmif;om;yJ r[kwfvm; ? tckd;usihfpOfu tqifhedrfh oifcef;pmawG oifwwfav / epfarsmav

/ oifh tbdkh 'k= a&muf&avyg ? oifh cE<mudk,f[m uarmufur _zpfukefa&maygh ?

u|efawmfwdkh usifh juH tm;xkwfa&;rSm / usifhpOfudka&m w&m;udkyg ydkh cs&rSm qdkwJh

_y\emudk u|efawmftav;wif; a_ymxm;&OD;r,f ? wcsdKh ausmif;wkdufawGu bkef;}uD;awG txl;o_zifh

Zif*dk%f;ubkef;juD;awGtaeeJh wpfrsdK;txifa&mufaumif; a&mufjuvdrfh r,f ? w&m;a[mr,f

qdkwmudk jum;vdkuf&@HkeJh / w&m;remvdkjuawmhzl; ? bm_yKvdkhvJqdkawmh Zif*dk%f;u

b,fvdkcH,lxm;ovJ qdkawmh / w&m;qdkwm a[mvdkh r_zpfzl; ? a[m&if w&m;r[kwfawmhzl; ?

w&m;qdkwm a[mp&m r@Sdawmh zl; pdwfxJ tm@HkxJuae vdkufodaezdkhom @Sdw,fwJh ? 'gh ajumifh Zif*kd%f;

tzdkh 'Duae 'DtcgrsdK;rSm / bmw&m;rS a[mp&m r@Sdawmhzl; ? Zif*dk%f;csKyf aAm'd"rRu &Sifawmfousrked

(a*gwr_rwfpGmbk&m;) a_ymoGm;wJh pum;wpfcGef;udk ta_c_yK_yD; / 'DOpPmudk _zefhcsDvdkufwm_zpfw,f ?

&Sifawmfousrked a_ymwmu Þ "rRqdkwm w&m;ao&,fvdkh r@Sd ß wJh ? 'geJh olu &Sifawmfpjumrked &Jh

'Dpum;udk ta_cK_yK_yD; / Zif *dk%f;udk wnfaxmifvdkufwm _zpfw,f ? 'D*dk%f;[m EGm;csdK (vrf;ao) xJ

0ifwdk;wm vdkh u|efawmfwdkh qdkcsifw,f ? EGm;csdKxJ 0ifwdk;wmvdkh bm_yKvdkh qdk&wmvJ ? aAm'd"rR taeeJh

9

txJudk 0ifwdk;pu /tawmfjuD;udkus,fom;uvm;vdkh xifrdw,f? 'kwd, *dk%f;csKyf 0ifwdk;wJh tcg /

odyfrus,fvSvdkh xifrdw,f ? wwd, *dk%f;csKyf qdk&ifvJ awmfao;w,fvdkh qdk&r,f ?

pwkwÔ*dk%f;csKyfusawmh odyfusOf;ae_yD ? yOPr *dk%f;csKyfqdk&if a@Sh xyfwdk;p&m ae&mr@Sdoavmuf

_zpfae_yD ? qõr *dk%f;csKyf a[Gh edef (Hui Neng) vufxufusawmh / tqHk;wdkifaerSudk; / a@Sh

xyfwdk;aep&m b,f@SdawmhrvJ ? 'Duaeh 'DtcgrsdK;rSm Zif *kd%f;xJ oGm;_yD; w&m;oif,lvdkh @Sd&if /

bmrSar;raeaveJh ? ar;rd&if / oluaemufudk _yefvSnfh _yD; oifh acgif;udk wkwfwpfcsufwD;csvdrfh r,f ?Þ

wkwfcsuf owday;_cif; ß wJh ? oabmuawmh ar;raeeJh / udk,fh[mudk,f oabmaygufatmifayawmh

qdkwJh yHkrsdK;aygh ? 'Dawmh oifuar;vdrfhr,f? Þ usKyfubmrSrodvdkh vmoifwm ?

bmudkrsm;oabmaygufatmif awG;junfh &rSmvJ ? bm_yKvdkh usKyfudk wkwfcsufwD;csvdkuf&wmvJ ß vdkh ?

'guawmh EGm;csKdxJ 0ifwdk;wm tqHk;wdkif aerSudk; ? bmrSxyfa[maep&m a_ymaep&m r@Sdawmh bJudk; ?

aAm"d"rR uawmif b,fvdk a_ymovJ qdkawmh / qXr tqufavmuf txdyJ olvufurf;oGm;Edkifvdrfh

r,f ? 'Daemufqdk&if &awmh rSm r[kwfbl;wJh ? &mESpftrsm;awmif ukefvGefcJh _yD ? 'gawmifrS Zif*dk%f;u

w&m;oabmudk taozufxm;olawG uaeh wdkif @Sdaejuwkef;bJ? Þ "rRqdkwm w&m;ao&,fvdkh r@Sd ß

qdkwJh &Sifawmfousrked rdehfqdkcsuf&Jh wu,fh teuft"dÑg,fu bmwJh vJ ? &Sifawmfousrked&Jh tqifh u

wxm*w _zpfw,f ? aemufydkif;u &[ef;rsm;pGmwdkh tygt0if/ &Sifawmfousrked&Jh tqifh / olh

tawG;e,fy,fxJu pdwfoabm / ola[mwJh w&m;&Jh teuft"dÑg,fwdkh udk a&m / olh _rGufjum;csuf&Jh

wu,fh teuft"dÑg,fwdkh udkyg oabmraygufjubl; ? 'ghajumifh aemufaESmif;vlawG[m 'Dvdk

teufzGihfvdkufju / [dkvdk teufaumufvdkufjueJh [m / a_ymif;udkqefvdkh ? Þ "rRqdkwm w&m;ao&,fvdkh

r@Sd ß qdkwmu ra[mjueJh ra_ymjueJh am&ifa_ym&if w&m;r[kwfawmh bl;&,fvdkh

txifa&mufaeju@Smw,f ? pifppfawmh 'Doabmr[kwfbl; ? aAm"dyif&if;rSm / &Sifawmfousrked taeeJh

usifhjuHaygufa_rmufvdkh Om%fawmfyGifhvmwJhtcg / wxm*wtqifhudk wpfr[kwfcsif; a&mufwm

[kwfzl; ? (49)ESpfwdkifwdkif w&m;"rR a[mjum;&if; / udk,fh udkudk,fquf_yD; _rSifh wifaeqJyg ? tqifh

wpfckudk wufvSrf;rdvdkh aemufudk _yefjunfh vdkufwJh tcgwdkif; / udk,fa[m_yD;p w&m;awG vGJaewmawGh

&w,f ? xyfwufrd_yef&if / a[m_yD;wmawG vGJaerSef; od&_yefw,f ? aemufwzef xyf_yD;

wufvSrf;rd_yefwJh tcgrSmvJ / a[m_yD;p w&m;awG vGJae_yefwm awGh &w,f ? (49)ESpfwmumvywfvHk;

/ ol[mckvdkcsnf; wufvkdhwufvkdhomvmcJh wm_zpfw,f? tqifh wpfckudka&mufwdkif; / olt&ifu a[mcJh

wJh w&m;awGa[m todt_rift& tifrwefwdrfaewmudk awGh &w,f ? _yD;awmh tqifh wdkif; tqifh

10

wdkif;u w&m;"rRawG[m w&m;"rRtaeeJh tJ'Dtqifh awGrSm _yocsuf_zpfrSef; / tqifhwdkif; tqifh wdkif;rSm

w&m;"rRawG @SdaerSef; / 'gayr,fh pjum0VmjuD;u tjuGif;rJh trSefw&m; r[kwfrSef; ? wpfzeftqifh _rifh

u w&m;"rRwdkh [m tqifh edrfh u w&m;"rRwdkh xuf pjum0Vm *k%fowdWxl;eJh eD;pyfrSef; wdkh udk olawGh

vm&w,f ? 'gajumifh olu Þ "rRqdkwm w&m;ao&,fvdkh r@Sd ß vdkh qdkwm ?

aemufqHk;usawmh / &Sifawmfousrkedu Þ igh wpfoufrSm bmw&m;rS ra[mcJh zl; ß vdkh

awmif qdkvdkufao;w,f ? 'Dawmh Zif*dk%f;u a[mp&m w&m;r@Sdawmh &,fvdkh em;vnfvGJju_yefygav

a&m ? &SifawmfousrkedtaeeJh t&G,faESmif;ydkif;rSm wxm*wtqifhudk a&mufae_yD_zpfygvsufeJh /

igbmw&m;rS ra[mcJhzl;vdkhbm_yKvdkhqdk&ovJ ? pifppfawmh umolubm_y\emwpfckudk

azmfvdkufovJqdk&if / Þ ighvdk wxm*w tqifh a&mufwJh wdkifatmif / pjum0VmjuD;&Jh tqHk;pGefaom

w&m;oabm / tqHk;pGefaom w&m;"rRwdkh udk igr_rifrawGh &ao;yg ß qdkwJh oabmaygh ? 'gajumifh

olu / aemifvmaemufom;awGtaeeJh ola_ymwmawGudk tjuGif;rJh trSefw&m;t_zpf/ra_ymif;vJwJh

trSefw&m;t_zpf oabmrxm;juaveJh ? Edkh r[kwf&if / aemifvmaemufom;awG[m wxm*w tqifh

rSm _zpfap / 'dxufedrfhwJhtqifh rSm_zpfapabmifcwfcHaeju&vdrfhr,f ? ydk_rifh wJh tqifh qDudk

xdk;azmufEdkifrSmr[kwfvdkhqdkwm ? aESmif;vlawGu 'Dpum;&Jh wu,fh teufudk em;rvnfjuavawmh /

w&m;"rRqkdwma[m&ifa_ym&if / w&m;"rRr[kwfawmh bl;&,fvdkh xifaejuw,f ? tJovdkudk olwdkh

em;vnfaejuw,fav ? pifppfawmh um &Sifawmfousrkedu / rwlwJh tqifh awGrSm tqifh csif;rwlwJh

w&m;"rRawG @Sdaejuw,f? tqifh wdkif;uw&m;"rRawG[m pjum0VmjuD;twGif;u tjuGif;rJh

trSefw&m;r[kwf ? 'gayr,fh 'Dtqifh u w&m;"rRtaeeJh 'Dtqifh rSm vrf;!$eftcef;u

ygaewm_zpfw,fvdkh qdkvdkwm ? trSefawmh 'Dw&m;oabmudk olua[moGm;wm ?

t&ifu vlawmfawmfrsm;rsm;[m / txl;o_zifh Zif*kd%f;[m ckvdk wpfbufowf

t,loeftpGJwdkh / tvGeftrif;rSm;wJh t_rifwdkh udk wav#mufvHk;pGJvmcJhw,f ? oifvJray; /vrf;_yvJ

ray;yJeJh / b,fh eJh vkyfusifh yghrvJ / b,fh eJh vkyftm;xkwfygh rvJ ? Ak'<bmomrSm Ak'<bmom yHk_yifawG

trsm;juD;@Sdw,f ? vlwpfa,muf rdk;ay:a&mufoGm;wJh tajumif;udk wcsdKh zwfzl;aumif;zwfzl;juvdrfh

r,f ? rkd;ay: Þ 0Zd&okwf ß [m atmufu Þ 0Zd&okwf ß eJh pmvHk;wdkif;udk rwlwm / t"dÑm,fvJ

uGmaewmudk awGh &owJh ? tJh'D Þ 0Zd&okwf ß [m omrefvlawGjum;u Þ 0Zd&okwf ß eJh b,fh eJh

ajumifh rwl&ovJwJh ? _yD;awmh wcsdKh uvJ Þ te÷okcuÝm ß u usrf;*efawGqdk&ifvJ /

atmufuusrf;*efawGeJh vHk;vHk;udk wpf_cm;wpfbmompD _zpfaewmyJ / tvsOf;udk rwlawmhzl;wJh ?

11

pmvHk;csif; rwl@Hkru /teufoabm/ teuft"dÑm,fcsif;vJ tukefrwljuawmhzl; / ta_ymif;tvGJawG

_zpfukefju_yDwJh ? pifppfawmh /twlwl_zpfwJh "rRwpf&yftaeeJh rwlwJhtqihfawGrSm rwlwJh

a_ymif;vJr+awG / rwlwJh _y&kyftoGifawGaqmifae_yD; / usifh juH tm;xkwfolrsm;tzdkh rwlwJh tqifh

awGrSm rwlwJh vrf;!$eftcef;uygEdkifaejuwmcsnf;_zpfw,f ?

Ak'<bmomrSm Þ te÷okcuÝm odkh wpfc&D; ß qdkwJh pmtkyfi,fwpftkyf @Sdajumif;udk

trsm;odaejuvdrfh r,f ? &[ef;wpfyg;[m urRXmef;xdkif&if; / olh rlvewfu Þ te÷okcuÝm ß udk

a&mufoGm;owJh ? tJ'Du _cif;&mwdkh udkawGh &owJh ? tJ'DrSm wpfaeukefvkdhvlh_ynf_yefa&mufwJh tcg

(6)ESpf ukefvGefoGm;_yDqdkwm awGh &owJh ? olawGh cJh _rifcJh &ovm; ? awGh cJh _rifcJh &wmaygh ? 'gayr,fh

olawGh cJh &wmawG[m o@kyfrSefr[kwfzl; ? bm_yK vdkh vJ qdkawmh / olh tqifh u rvHkavmuf

avawmh / ol'Dtqifh rSm ol_rifoifh _rifxdkufwJh Ak'<"rR&Jh xifay:r+udkom_yvdkufvdkh _zpfw,f ? tJovdk

uÝmrsdK;qdkwm"rR&Jh _zpfwnfr+xifay:csuf_zpfwmrdkh / olh taeeJh o@kyfrSefudk r_rifrawGh &Edkifzl; ? 'gh

ajumifh Þw&m;"rRqdkwm w&m;ao&,fvdkh r@Sd ß vdkh qdkwm[m / 'Doabm'Dt"dÑm,faygh vdkh

u|efawmfuqdkwm ?

opPm-arwWm-c÷D wdkh [m vlaumif;vlqdk;wdkh udk ESKdif;csdefjunfh wJh

wpfckwnf;aom pH!$ef;_zpf_cif; ?

Ak'<"rR[m bmvJqdkwmeJh ywfoufvdkh Ak'<bmomxJrSm wav#mufvHk; aqG;aEG;pl;prf;

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txifa&mufaejuw,f ? pifppf r[kwfzl; ? &Sifawmfousrked a[moGm;wJh w&m;[m / vGefcJh wJh

ESpfaygif; ESpfaxmifh ig;&mavmufu tqifh edrfh vSwJh omrefvlawGudk / wenf;qdkawmh ordkif;OD; vlh tzGJh

tpnf; uae xGufvmp_zpfwJh tawG;cwf@dk;@dk;vlawGudk a[moGm;wJh w&m;om_zpfw,f ? ola_ymwJh

"rRt_yD;tqHk;umvqdkwm 'Duaeh 'Dtcgaygh ? ckvlawG[m tJ'D"rReJh / usifh juHtm;xkwfvdkh r&awmh zl; ?

"rRtqHk;umvjuD;rSm/ausmif;wkdufawGu bkef;juD;awGtaeeJhawmifrSudk,fhudkudk,f c|wfEdkifju avawmh

wm / vlawGudk c|wfbdkh qdkwma0;pG ? &Sifawmfousrkedu [dkacwf [dktcgu ta_ctaeudk junfh _yD; olh

w&m;udk a[moGm;wm_zpfw,f ? _yD;awmh ola&mufae_yD_zpfwJh tqifh rSm odae&_yD_zpfwJh Ak'<"rRawGudk

tukefxkwfa[moGm;wmvJ r[kwfzl; ? 'Dawmh olhudk xm0pOfta_ymif;tvJ r@SdapyJ / e*dk t@Sdtwdkif;

_rJapzdkh qdkwm r_zpfEdkifzl; ?

12

vlh tzGJh tpf;u _zpfxGef;vmae / vlom;wdkh &Jh tawG;tac:awGuvJ &+yfonfxuf

@SKyfvmaeavawmh / olh e*dk twdkif; usifh juH tm;xkwfoGm;zdkh qdkwm rvG,fawmhzl; ? Ak'<bmomxJu

"rR[m Ak'<"rR&Jh tpdwftydkif;uav;wpf&yfom _zpfwmrdkh / Ak'<"rR wpfckvHk;udk v$rf;_cHKvdkh r&zl; ?

t&yfxJrSm _yefhyGm;aeju / ordkif;pOf tqufquf rSmyJwpfOD;wpfa,mufcsif;pD vufqifh urf;vmcJh juwJh

Ak'<*dk%f;u w&m;awmfawGqdkwmvJ enf;wmrSwfvkdh ? rwlwJh tqifh awGrSm rwlwJh w&m;awG@Sdaeju

w,f ?rwlwJh [if;vif;_yifawGrSm rwlwJh w&m;awG @Sdaejuw,f ? 'gawGtm;vHk;[m [if;vif;_yif

toD;oD; / tqifh toD;oD;u Ak'<"rR&Jh xifay:csufawGcsnf;_zpfw,f ? bk&m;w&m;usifh a&;eJh

ywfoufvdkh "rR=E<maygif; @Spfaomif;av;axmif@Sdajumif;vJ &SifawmfousrkeduÎrufqkdcJhw,f/

(w@kwf) Ak'<bmomxJrSmawmh Zif usifhpOf / 0dok'<da_rpif usifh pOf /xsef;xdkif ( 天台) usifh pOf / [Gm,if

( 華 嚴 ) usifh pOf / wdAuf Ak'<bmom v#dKh 0Sufusifh pOf ponf_zifh usifh pOf wpfq,fausmf

uav;om@Sdw,f / Ak'<"rR tvHk;pHkudk v$rf;_cHKvdkh b,f&rvJ? &SifawmfousrkedtaeeJhu qkd&ifvJ olh

w&m;"rRawGudk tukefxkwf_yD; _zefhcsDoGm;wmr[kwfzl; ? [dkacwf[dktcgu vlwdkh &Jh vufcH Edkif&nfudk

junfh _yD; / wpfpdwfwpfydkif;avmufom _zefhcsDoGm;wm_zpfw,f ?

'Dawmh Ak'<"rR qdkwm bmwJhvJ ? 'Dpjum0VmjuD;xJu t&if;cHtusqHk; *k%fowdWxl;

_zpfwJh opPm-arwWm-c÷D wdkh [mAk'<"rR&Jh t_rifhqHk;xifay:csuf_zpfw,f ? ,if;[mt&if;cHtusqHk;

Ak'<"rR_zpfw,f? Ak'<"rR[m rwlwJh tqifh awGrSm rwlwJh ay:vGifoÐmef@Sdae_yD; / rwlwJh tqifhawGrSm

rwlwJh vrf;!$eftcef;u ygaew,f ? tqifh edrfh av / ay:vGifr+awGuvJ @SKyfavyJ ? avxJu

tEkpdwf^rL/ ausmufwHk; / opfom; / a_rjuD; / oH - oH r%deJh / vlh udk,fcE<mwdkh rSma&m cyfodrf;aom

&kyf0wÔKwkdhrSmyg opPm-arwWm-c÷D qdkwJh *k%fowWdxl;awG @Sdaejuwmcsnf;yg ? pjum0VmxJu

t&mcyfodrf;udk "mwfjuD;ig;yg; (owWK - opf - a& - rD; - a_r )eJh zGJh pnf;xm;wmcsnf; _zpfajumif; /

_yD;awmh opPm-arwWm-c÷D qdkwJh *k%fowWdxl;awGvJ wnf&Sdaewmcsnf;_zpfajumif; a@S;wkef;uqdkcJh

juw,f ? usifhjuHtm;xkwfolwdkh taeeJh b,ftqifh xdatmif aygufa&mufatmif_rif_yDqdk&if /tJ'Dtqifh

u Ak'<"rR&Jh twdtus ay:vGifr+udkom od_rifEdkifjuvdrfh r,f ? 'g[m_zifh olwdkh usifh juH tm;xkwfr+&Jh

r*fzdkvftqifh wdkh / tqifh v$mwdkh _zpfw,f ? tus,foabmt&a_ym&&if / w&m;"rR[m

twdkif;xuftvGef juD;rm;vSayw,f ? xGãfacgiftqifh uaea_ymr,fqdk&ifawmh tvG,fuav;aygh?

bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh / w&m;"rR[m yd&rpfoÐmefeJh wlwmudk;? xGãfacgif tqifh us&if opPm-arwWm-

c÷D qdkwJh pmvHk;(3)vHk;eJh tusOf;csKH;ypfEdkifvdkh yJ ? tqifh qifh tv$mv$mawGrSm _yvmwJh tcgusawmh

13

tifrwefh udk@SKyfvSygava&m?vleJh Oyrm_yjupdkh ? Þawmufß *kd%f;uvlh udk,fcE<mudk

pjum0Vmuav;t_zpf cH,ljuw,f ? vlwdkh taeeJh @kyf0wWKum,@Sdjuw,f? 'gayr,fh 0wWKum,

@Sdae@kHeJh / _yD;_ynfh pHkwJh vlwpfa,muf t_zpfudk a&muf&mrusao;zl; ? _yD;awmh vlh oabm oum,wdkh /

pdwfoabmwdkh / *k%fowWdxl;wdkh / rlvewfwdkh vJ@SdygrS / _yD;_ynfh pHkwJh / ykídKvf&nfay:vGifwJh

vlwpfa,muft_zpfudka&mufEdkifvdrfhr,f ?u|efawmfwdkh 'Dpjum0VmvJ 'Dtwdkif;yJaygh ? e*g;aiGh

wef;ju,fpkwdkh / 'd_yifju,fpkwdkh @Sdaejuw,f ? ouf@Sdwdkh / a&wdkh / 'Dpjum0VmxJu t&mcyfodrf;wdkh vJ

@Sdaejuw,f ? 'gu@kyf0wWKawG wnf@SdaewJh tydkif;_zpfw,f wcsdefwnf;rSmyJ / olh taeeJh opPm-arwWm-

c÷D qdkwJh *k%fowWdxl;vJ@Sdaew,f ? b,fvdk t&m0wWKrsdK;&Jh tifrwefao;r#ifwJh _rLwdkh rSmrqdk

ckvdk*k%f&nfxl;rsdK; @Sdaejuwmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? twdkif;xuftvGefao;zJGvSwJhtEkpdwf_rLwdkh rSmvJ

ckvdk*k%fowWdxl;rsdK; @Sdaejuwmcsnf;_zpfw,f ?

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pH_zpfw,f ? b,f[mtaumif;vJ / b,f[mtqdk;vJ qdkwmeJh ywfoufvdkh oleJh ESdKif;csdefjunfh

wm_zpfw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh t&ifu a_ymjuwJh ÞwJh ßqdkwJh oDvyg&rD[mvJ 'Dtwdkif;yJ ? rSefw,f uaeh

vlh tzGJh tpnf;u tusifh pm&dwWawG[m t_ymif;tvJawG_zpfukefju^yD / @kyfysufqif;ysuf _zpfukefju_yD ?

ckacwfcktcgrSm / wpfa,mufa,mufursm; Þavzkef;ß 1960 _ynfhvGefESpfrsm;qDu w&kyf_ynfrSm

vljunf!dkcH&olwpfOD;) udk twk,lrd&if / pdwWZ&l;vdkh rsm; tac:cH&rvm; rodzl; ? 'gayr,hf/ 1950 _ynhf-

60_ynfhvGefESpfrsm;qDuqkd&if b,folursm; pdwWZ&l;vdkh qkdaerSmwJhvJ/ vlom;wdkh &Jh tusifh pm&dwWpHawG

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vkyfaejuw,f ? udk,fusdK;r_zpfpavmufuav;twGufeJh / olrsm;udk xdcdkufepfemapatmif

vkyfaejuw,f ? wpfa,mufeJh wpfa,muf eifvm;igvm; / vSD;ju_zwfju vkyfaejuw,f ?

&&menf;rsdK;pHkeJh udk vkyfaejuw,f ? pOf;pm;junfh juprf;yg ? 'Dtwdkif;junfh aevdkh _zpfrvm; ?wcsdKh u

raumif;wmawG av#mufvkyfaew,f ? oifraumif;wmawG vkyfaeygw,fvdkh oGm;a_ymjunfh prf; /

olu,HkrSmr[kwfbl; ? udk,fraumif;wmawG av#mufvkyfaewmudk oluwu,fh udk r,Hkwm ? wcsdKh

uqdk&ifvnf; av#musvmaewJh tusifhpm&dwWawGeJh udk,fhudkudk,f EdSKif;csdefjunfh_yD; /

igolrsm;xufaumif;w,fvdkh xifaeju&Smw,f ? bmhajumifhvJqdkawmh / ESdKif;csdefwJh pH!$ef;udk,fu

a_ymif;aerSudk; ? vlom;wdkh &Jh tusifh pm&dwW pH!$ef; b,hfavmufjuD; a_ymif;aeae / 'Dpjum0VmjuD;&Jh

*k%fowWdxl;uawmh a_ymif;rSmr[kwfbl;?ol[mvlaumif;vlqdk; ESdKif;csdefwJhwpfckwnf;aom pH!$ef;

14

_zpfw,f ? 'Dawmh usifhjuHolwpfa,muftaeeJh pjum0VmjuD;&Jh'D *k%fowWdxl;t&udk,fh udkudk,f

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tppftrSef _yefbkdhju&if usifhjuH wufvSrf;zdkh juH&if / 'DpH!$ef; twdkif;ukd vkyfoGm;rS_zpfr,f?

vlwpfa,muftaeeJh pjum0VmjuD;&Jh opPm-arwWm-c÷D qdkwJh *k%fowWdxl;eJh vdkufavsmnDaxG

_zpfygrSom / vlaumif;rnfayvdrfh r,f ?'D*k%fowWdxl;udk zDvmwdkufolawG[m wu,fh udk raumif;wJh

vlawG_zpfvdrfhr,f ? tvkyfcGifrSm_zpf_zpf / t&yfxJrSm_zpf_zpf / wcsdKh u oifh udkqdk;w,fvdkh

qdkaumif;qdkjuvdrfh r,f / tJ'Dvdk ta_ymcH&wJh wdkifatmifvJ / oifh taeeJh u wu,f qdk;csifrSqdk;rSm ?

wcsdKh uawmh vJ oifaumif;w,fvdkh qdkcsifqdkjuvdrfh r,f ? 'gyr,fh oifwu,fh udk

aumif;csifrSaumif;rSm ? usifh olwpfa,muftaeeJh / 'D*k%fowWdxl;eJh Zmwfwl&nfwl _zpfygrS /

w&m;awmf&if 0,fydkufrdol rSefayvdrfh r,f ? w&m;oabmuawmh tJovdk tvG,fuav;aygh ?

Þawmufß *dk%f;taeeJh opPm-arwWm-c÷D wdkhudk usifh &mrSm / opPmudk tav;wif;usifh

juw,f ? 'gajumifh opPmusifh a&; / udk,f&nf ukd,faoG; ysdK;axmifa&;/ trSefpum;qkda&; /

trSeftr+_yKa&; / vlppfvlrSef_zpfa&; / udk,fh yifudkZpf_rpf tppftrSefqD _yefa&mfa&; / aemufqHk;rSm

vltppft_zpf aygufa_rmufatmif_rifa&;wdkhudk tm;xkwfjuw,f ? 'gayr,fh vdkh c÷D eJh opPmwdkhudkvJusifh

juwmyJ opPmtay: tav;wif;usifh wm wpfckyJuGmw,f ? Ak'<*dk%f; uawmh opPm-arwWm-c÷D H wdkh

teufarwWmtay: tav;xm;usifh juw,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh arwWmudkusifh &mrSm r[m*@k%myGm;

vmEdkifvdkh yJ ? *@k%m yGm;vmwmeJh tr# owW0g a0ae,staygif;'k=awGa0aewm awGh &avawmh /

cyfodrf;aom owW0gtaygif;udk tu|wfw&m; &apr[Jh qdkwJh qêwzGm;zGm; ay:vmawmh wmaygh ?

'gayr,fvdkh opPmwdkh / c÷Dwdkh udkvJ usifh wmyJ ? arwWmtay: tav;wif;usifh wmyJuGmw,f ? u|efawmf

wdkh 'D"rRpjumw&m;awmfjuD;uawmh / pjum0VmjuD;&Jh t_rifh qHk;pH!$ef;_zpfwJh opPm-arwWm-c÷D wdkh udk

_ydKifwlusifh wmrdkh / u|efawmfwdkh usifh aejuwmawG[m tvGeftrif; juD;rm;vSygayw,f ?

tckd;usihfpOf qdkwm ordkif;rwifrDumv ,Ofaus;r+_zpf_cif;

tckd;usihfpOf qdkwmbmvJ ? tckd;usihfpOfq&mrsm;pGmwdkh vJ tukefa_ymaejuwmcsnf;yJ ?

u|efawmfa_ymwmuawmh olwdkh a_ymwmawGeJh rwlbl; ? tckd;usihfpOfq&mrsm;pGmwdkh [m olwdkh tqifh

awGrSm a_ymaejuwm_zpfw,f ? u|efawmfuawmh tckd;usihfpOftay: odem;vnfyHkudk ydk_rifhwJhtqifh

15

uae a_ymaewm_zpfw,f ? olwdkh odwmawGeJh tvsif;udkrwlbl; ? tckd;usihfpOfq&mwcsdKh u

tckd;usihfpOf[m u|efawmfwdkh wdkif;_ynfrSm ordkif;oufwrf; ESpfaxmif @Sdae_yDwJh ? wcsdKh uvJ

oufwrf;oHk;axmif @Sdae_yDwJh ? wcsdKh uawmh oufwrf;ig;axmif@Sdae_yDwJh ? u|efawmfwdkh w@kwf

trsdK;om;wdkh&Jh ,Ofaus;r+ordkif;eJh rwdrf;r,drf;avmufuswmaygh ?wcsdKh us_yefawmhvJ / wl;azmf&@SdwJh

a@S;a[mif;ypPnf;awGt& junfhr,fqdk&if / oufwrf;ckESpfaxmifavmuf@Sdae_yDvdkh qdkjuw,f ?

u|efawmfwdkh w@kwftrsdK;om;wdkh&Jh ,Ofaus;r+ordkif;xuf tyHkjuD;vGefae_yDaygh ? 'gayr,fh

b,fvdkyJqdkaeae / vlom;wdkh &Jh ,Ofaus;r+ordkif;udk odyfvGefwm&,fvdkh r@Sdbl; ? 'g0if&Jh qifh uJ

_zpfxGef;_cif; oabmw&m;t& a_ym&&if / vlom;wdkh taeeJh a&aetyifwdkh uae a&aewd&ðmefwdkh txd

'Daemuf ukef;ay:a&mufju / wzef opfyifay: a&mufukefju / _yD;rS vl0Ht_zpf a_ray:_yefqif;ju /

aemufqHk;usrS ,Ofaus;r+ / tawG;tac:wdkh eJh _ynfh pHkwJh acwfvlom;t_zpfudk a&muf@SdvmjueJh [m /

wGufjunfh vdkuf&if vlom;wdkh tzdkh ,Ofaus;r+ wu,fwrf;xGef;ay:vmwm ESpfaygif;wpfaomif;

xufrydkbl; ? aemufudk xyfqkwfjunfh vdkufr,fqdk&if / judK;xHk;_yD; trSwftom;_yK&wJh t_zpfrsdK;awmif

[kwfrSmr[kwfawmhbl; ? opf@GufawGywf/ om;pdrf;awGpm;aejuwJh t_zpfrsdK;om _zpfvdrfh r,f ?

aemufudkxyf_yD; qkwfjunfh vdkuf_yefOD;r,fqdk&if / rD;awmifoHk;wwfOD;rSm r[kwfbJ /

vl@dkif;t_zpfrsdK;oufouf / ordkif;OD;vlom;t_zpfrsdK;oufouf avmufrSmom @SdaerSm_zpfw,f ?

'gayr,fh _y\emwpf&yfudk u|efawmfwdkh awGh ju&w,f ? uÝmay:u ae&ma'oaygif;

rsm;pGmwdkh rSm juGif;usef&pfwJh a@S;a[mif;,Ofaus;r+ vuf&mrsm;pGmwdkh [m / u|efawmfwdkh vlom;wdkh &Jh

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acwfvlawG[m @+junfh cHpm;wefzdk; tifrwef_rifh vSwJh a@S;vuf&mawGtwdkif;vdkuf_yD; cdk;csaejuovm;

vdkh qdk&rwwfbJ ? 'gayr,fh 'Dvuf&mawG[m a@S;ESpfaygif; wpfodef;ausmfavmufu / odef;aygif;rsm;pGm /

oef;aygif;rsm;pGmavmufu / 'dxufru a@S;ESpfaygif; oef;wpf&mavmufu usef&pfcJh wmawGcsnf;_zpf

w,f ? pOf;pm;junfh juprf;yg ? 'gawG[m 'Duaeh 'Dtcgu ordkif;udk _yuf&,f_yK&m usraeygvm; ?

pifppfawmhvJ bmrSusDp,faep&m rvdkbl; ? bmajumifh vJqdkawmh / vlom;wdkh taeeJh uvJ / udk,fh

udkudk,f ^yD;_ynfhpHkatmif tm;xkwf_yD;&if; tm;xkwfaejuwmuvm; ?udk,fh udkudk,f _yef_rifatmif/

odatmif tm;xkwf_yD;&if; tm;xkwfaejuwmuvm; ? vlh tzGJh tpnf;qdkwm ckvdkyHkpHrsdK;twdkif;

_zpfay:wdk;wufaewmuvm; ? tpueOD;uodem;vnfr+awG[m tjuGif;rJh rSefcsifrS rSefaerSmudk;?

16

Þ ordkif;rwifrDumv ,Ofaus;r+ ß qdkwmudk jum;zl;aumif;jum;zl; juvdrfh r,f ? wcsdKh

uawmhvJ Þ ordkif;rwifrDumv xGef;um;r+ ßvdkh qdkjuw,f? tJ'Dordkif;rwifrD umvxGef;um;r+

tajumif;udk u|efawmfwdkh a_ymjupdkh ? uÝmay:rSm tm@Swdkuf / Oa&mywdkuf / awmiftar&duwdkuf /

a_rmuftar&duwdkuf /tdk@SifeD,mwdkuf / tmz&duwdkufeJh t÷mwduwdkuf wdkh @Sdjuw,f ? 'gawGudk

ukef;a_rjuD;awGvdkh blrdaA'ynm@Sifwdkh u ac:juw,f ? tJ'Dukef;a_rjuD;awG[m olwdkh _zpfay:vmwJh

tcsdefuae cktxdqdk&if / ESpfaygif;q,foef;trsm;eJh csDwJh ordkif;@Sdae_yDaygh ? wenf;tm;_zifh a_ym&&if

ukef;a_rrsm;pGmwdkh [m ork'N&mjurf;_yifuae ay:vmjuwm_zpf_yD; / wzefukef;a_rrsm;pGmwdkh [m

yifv,fatmufa_cudk _rKyfukefjuwm_zpfw,f ? wnf_rJvmwJh tcsdefuae uaeh 'Dta_ctxd wGufjunfh

vdkufr,fqdk&if / ESpfaygif;oef;q,faygif; trsm;csDwJh ordkif;pOf@Sdae_yDaygh ? 'gayr,fh ork'N&mrsm;pGmwdkh u

a&atmufrSm / _rifh vJ_rifh juD;vJjuD;wJh a&S;a[mif;taqmuftOD;juD;awGudk awGh &w,f ? tJ'Dtaqmuf

tOD;juD;awGu yef;ykvuf&mawG[m odyfvSwmyJ ? u|efawmfwdkh acwfvlom;wdkh &Jh ,Ofaus;r+

tarGtESpfr[kwfbl; ? 'Dawmhork'N&mjurf;_yifudk _rKyfroGm;cifu aqmufcJh juwmawG_zpfw,fqdkwm

usdef;aoaewmaygh ? 'Dvdkqdk&if 'D,Ofaus;r+awGudk ESpfaygif; oef;q,faygif; trsm;avmufqDwkef;u

b,folb,f0gawGu zefwD;oGm;juwmvJ ? tJ[dkwkef;u u|efawmfwdkh vlom;wdkh taeeJh arsmufawmif

r_zpfjuao;avawmh um / 'davmuf ynm&ifh wmrsdK;awGudk b,fh eJh vkyfzefwD;wwfygh rvJ ?

uÝmay:u a@S;a[mif;okawoeynm@Sifwdkh [m vGefcJh wJh ESpfaygif;oef;aygif; (600)uae (260)

umv twGif;u _zpfwJh x@dkifvdkbdkuf ydk;aumifvdkh ac:wJh owW0gwpfrsdK;udk awGh @Sdju&w,f ? vGefcJh wJh

ESpfaygif;oef;aygif; (260) aemufydkif;usawmh / 'DowW0grsdK;awG aysmufukefa&m ? tar&duef

odÑHynm@Sifwpfa,muf[m vlh a_c&mwpfckvJ ygwJh x@dkifvdkbdkuf ydk;aumif&Jh ausmuf_zpf@kyfjuGif;0wWK

wpfckudk awGh @Sd&w,f ?tJ'Du bdeyfa_c&m[m txif;om; t@Sif;om;juD;aygh ? 'gordkif;ynm@Sifwdkh udk

usDp,f&musraeygvm; ? 'g0if&JhqifhuJ_zpfxGef;_cif; oabmw&m;t& a_ym&&if / vGefcJh wJh ESpfaygif;

oef;aygif; (260) avmufqDwkef;u b,fuvmvlawG @Sdae&rSmwJh vJ ?

yD@l;EdkifiH tpdk;& wuUodkvf _ywdkufrSm / vl@kyfxkxm;wJh ausmufwHk;wpfwHk; @Sdw,f ?

'Dvl@kyf[m ESpfaygif;oHk;aomif;avmufqDu vuf&m_zpfajumif; pl;prf;awGh @Sdju&w,f ? 'gayr,fh

tJ'Dvl@kyf[m t0wftpm;eJh ? OD;xkyfygw,f / bdeyfygw,f ? vufxJrSmvJ ta0;junhfrSefa_ymif;eJh

aumif;uif pl;prf;a&;vkyfaew,f ? vGefcJhwJh ESpfaygif;oHk;aomif;avmufqDu

vlawGtaeeJhb,fhES,fajumifh ,uUef; ,ufwwf / t0wftpm; 0wfwwfjuovJ ? om_yD;awmh

17

pOf;pm;vdkh r&p&maumif;wmuawmh / ta0;junhfrSefa_ymif;eJh armhjunfh _yD; aumif;uifpl;prf;a&;

vkyfaewmav ? e=wfynm A[kokw tawmftwifh acgufrdaeyHk &w,f ? Oa&mywdkufom;

*,fvDvD,kd taeeJh ta0;junhf rSefa_ymif;wDxGifcJhwm ESpfaygif;oHk;&mausmf ordkif;om@Sdao;w,f&,fvdkh

u|efawmfwdkh wpfav#mufvHk; rSwf,lcJhjuw,f ? 'Dawmh vGefcJh wJhESpfaygif;oHk;aomif;avmufqDu

b,folb,f0gursm; ta0;junfh rSefa_ymif; xGifoGm;wmvJ ? _yD;awmh ta_zrawGh &ao;wJh ya[ædawG

trsm;juD; -trsm;juD;udk @Sdaewkef;yg ? Oyrm _yifopf / awmiftmz&dueJh Þt,fvyß awmifwef;wdkhu

*lrsm;pGmwdkh rSm / eH&Hyef;csDawGqdkwm touf0ifv+yf@Sm;aeovm;vdkh xif&avmufatmif

uGif;uGif;uGufuGufudk o@kyfay:aewmyJ ? vl@kyfawGqdk&if vuf&mEkvdkufwm ra_ymeJh awmh ? aemuf_yD;

wGif;xGufokwfaq; wpfrsdK;eJh vJ _c,fxm;vdkufjuao;w,f ? 'gayr,fh 'Dvl@kyfawG[m

taemuf0wfpHkqefqef t0wftpm;wdkh / 'l;usyfabmif;bDwdkh vdkacwf0wfyHkpm;yHkrsdK;awGeJh csnf;yJ ? wcsdKh

uqdk&if aq;wHvdkvdk[mrsdK;udk udkifvdkh / wcsdKh uawmhvJ wkwfaumufeJh / wcsdKh ju_yefawmhvJ OD;xkyfeJh ?

vGefcJh wJh ESpfaygif;odef;trsm;avmufqDuarsmufawGtaeeJh b,fh ES,fh ajumifh rsm; tEkynm tqifh

twef; ckavmuf_rifh ae&ovJ ?

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ausmuf@dkif;xGufw,f ? 'DEdkifiHu tawmfuav; acwfaemufusvdkh ,la&eD,rf _'yfpif udk,fh [mudk,f

rxkwfvkyfEdkifavawmh / zGH_zdK;_yD; EdkifiHrsm;udk ydkh &w,f ? 1972 ckESpfxJrSm / _yifopfEdkifiHu puf@Hkwpf@Hku

tJ'D,la&eD,rfowWKausmuf@dkif;awGudk oGif;,lw,f ?"mwfcGJjunfh vdkufwJh tcg / tJ'Dausmuf@dkif;awG

[m tqDxkwf_yD;om;awGcsnf; / toHk;cs_yD;om;awGcsnf; _zpfaerSef;awGh &w,f ? xl;qef;vSacs&Jh qdk_yD; /

odÑHynm@SifawGudk avhvma&; v$wfvdkufw,f ? 'd_yifEdkifiHrsm;pGmwdkh u odÑHynm@SifawGvJ oGm;avhvm

juw,f ? tqHk;usawmh 'D,la&eD,rfwGif;juD;[m u|efawmfwdkh acwfvlawGawmif zefwD;_cif;iSg rpGrf;wJh

taetxm; tuGuf&dkufykH tifrwef,xmblwuswJh tjuD;pm; !luvD,m "mwfaygif;zdkjuD;

_zpfaerSef;udk ,Hkjunfpdwfcs&avmufatmif om"u&oGm;juw,f ? 'Dawmh b,fwkef;u wnfcJh wmvJ

? vGefcJh wJh ESpfaygif; oef;ESpfaxmifavmufu wnfcJh wm _zpf_yD; / ESpfaygif;ig;odef; pufvnfcJh w,fvdkh

qdkw,f ? pjum0Vm*%mef;awGvdkh qdk&avmufp&myJ ? 'g0if&Jh qifhuJ_zpfxGef;_cif; oabmw&m;t&qdk

&if / b,fvdkrSudk @Sif;_yvdkh &EdkifrSmr[kwfzl; ? ckvdk OyrmrsdK;awG trsm;juD;yJ ? 'Duaeh 'DtcgrSm odÑHeJh

twwfynmavmutaeeJh awGh @Sdxm;wJh [mawG[m u|efawmfwdkh vuf&Sdausmif;okH;pmtkyfawGukd

a_ymif;ypfbdkh twGuf aumif;aumif;vHkavmufae_yD ?vlom;wdkh &Jh yif&if;pGJ t,ltqa[mif;awG taeeJh

18

tvkyftudkifeJh ywfoufvdkh a&m / tawG;t_rifeJh ywfoufvdkh yg enf;pepfwpf&yf&,fvdkh _zpfay:vmwJh

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ckaetcgrSm 'gawGudk pepfwus pDpOf_yKpkrJhol r&Sdao;zl; ? 'gajumifh vlwdkh &Jh t,ltqawG[m

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'Dtajumif;udpPawGtaeeJh acwfpm;rvmao;ayr,fh awGh @Sdae&_yD _zpfwJh wdkifatmif /

t,lonf;wmawGyg&,fvdkh qdk_yD; vufrcHyJ aejuvdrfhr,f ?

'g[m ordkif;rwifrDumv ,Ofaus;r+_zpfajumif; / u|efawmfwdkh vlom;wdkh &Jh 'DwpfcsD xGef;

um;r+ rwdkifcifu xGef;um;r+ _zpfajumif; ? wenf;qdkawmh / u|efawmfwdkh 'DwpfcsD xGef;um;r+ rwdkifcif

rSmvJ / xGef;um;r+umvawG @SdcJh ajumif; ? wpfcsDxufruajumif;udk _ynfyuowWdaumif;wJh odÑHynm

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cH,lxm;juw,f ?u|efawmfwdkh pjum0VmjuD; wpfckvHk;&Jh a_ymif;vJr+[mvJ 'Dtwdkif;yJ ?

u|efawmfwdkh uÝmvHk;v+yf@Sm;r+ taeeJh / 'Dterwípjum0VmjuD; twGif;rSm / e*g;aiGh

weff;ju,fpkvnfywfr+rSm / wav#mufvHk; acsmacsmarmarm @GufpHkzGifh bdkh qdkwm r_zpfEdkifzl; ?

_*dKvfwpfckckeJh wdkufrdaumif;wdkufrdvdrfhr,f ? 'grSr[kwf 'd_yif _y\emawG ay:aumif;ay:vmvdrfh r,f

? juD;rm;pGm ab;'k=qdkufju&vdrfh r,f ? u|efawmfwdkh pGrf;tif&+a'gifh uae junfh a_ym&r,fqdk&if /

tJovdkukd pDrHwm_zpfw,f ? wcgu u|efawmfaoaocsmcsm ppfjunfh vdkufwJh tcg / vlom;wdkh taeeJh

(81) judrfwdkifwdkifvHk;vHk; vsm;vsm; ysufokef;&rwwf t_zpf qdkufcJh&wmukdawGh&w,f? vlenf;pk

om@Sifusef&pf&Smw,f? &Sd&if;pGJ ordkif;rwifrDumv xGef;um;r+uav; enf;enf;avmufom usef&pfcJh^yD;

aemufwacwfxJudk a&mufvmju&w,f? ordkif;OD; vlh b0t_zpfrsdK; usa&mufju&w,f? aemufrS

19

vlom;awG yGm;rsm;vmjuwmeJh tr# / aemufqHk;rSm xGef;um;r+ ay:vm&_yefw,f ?

ckvdkumvywfa_ymif;vJr+rsdK;awG (81)judrf _zpfcJhwmeJh ywfoufvdkh / u|efawmfppfomppfjunfh

vdkufw,f / tqHk;awmh rwdkifao;zl; ? e=wftcg umvwdkh / yx0Dta_comr+wdkh /

_ynfoloihf_rwfr+wkdheJh ywfoufvdkh w@kwftrsdK;om;wdkh a_ymavh a_ymx @Sdjuw,f ? rwlwJh

e=wf_cif;&m a_ymif;vJr+rsm;eJh rwlwJh e=wftcgumvwdkh taeeJh / omrefvlh tzGJh tpnf;udk rwlwJh

vlr+a&; ta_ctaeaqmifjuOf;ay;jurSm_zpfw,f ? @lyaA' ynmt&a_ym&&if / @kyf0wWK wkdh&Jh

v+yf@Sm;r+[m olhed,mrt&_zpfysufaewm_zpfw,f ? pjum0VmjuD;&Jh v+yf@Sm;r+ [mvJ xdkenf;4if;yg ?

ordkif;rwifrDumv ,Ofaus;r+eJh ywfoufvdkh txufu aqG;aEG;wif_ycJh wmawG[m /

t"dutm;_zifh awmh / csdukef;qdkwmvJ u|efawmfwdkh uaeh vlom;awG wDxGifwmr[kwfajumif; ?

tawmftwefhudk t"Gefh @SnfvSwJh acwfawGqDu oufqif;vmwm_zpfajumif; ? ordkif;rwifrDuvm,Of

aus;r+ wpf&yfvJ _zpfajumif;udk trsm;wumwdkh udk odapcsifvdkh yJ ? oufqdkif&m zGifh qdkoHk;oyfcsufrsm;udk

Ak'<usrf;pmrsm;rSmvJ u|efawmfwdkh awGh &Edkifw,f ? &Sifawmfosusrkedu rdrdtaeeJh ESpfaygif;oef;aygif;

&maygif;rsm;pGmaom uÑavmufqDu usifh yGm;aygufa_rmufcJh wm_zpfajumif; wcgu _rGufqdkcJh zl;w,f?

'Dawmh uÑwpfckqdkwm eSpfaygif;b,favmuf@SdovJ ? uÑwpfckqdkwm ESpfaygif;oef;aygif;

&maygif;trsm;eJh nDr#w,f ? ckavmuf {&mr*%mef;juD;rsdK;qkdwm pOf;pm;vdkh udk r&avmufp&m_zpfw,f?

wu,fvdkh wu,fh udk [kwfw,fqkd&if / vlom;wdkh &Jh ordkif;eJh a&m uÝmjuD;wpfckvHk;&Jh a_ymif;vJr+eJh yg

tHudkuf_zpfraeygvm; ? _yD;awmh &Sifawmfousrkedu olh a@Sh rSm a&S;OD;bk&m;(7)ql yGifh cJh ajumif; ? olh

taeeJhvJ q&mocifrsm;@SdcJhajumif; ? uÑaygif;oef;aygif;&maygif;rsm;pGmavmufqDuusifh yGm;atmif_rif

cJh juwmcsnf;_zpfajumif;vJ _rGufqdkcJh w,f ? 'DudpPawG tukef[kwfrSefw,fqdk&if / uaeh u|efawmfwdkh

vlhtzGJhtpnf;rSm vufqifh urf;aejuwJh wu,fh trSefusifh pOfawG / wu,fwrf; vufxyf_yay;

aejuwJh usifh pOftppfawGxJrSm / tckvdk usifh yHkusifh enf;awG ygraeayvm; ? u|efawmfh udk a_zcdkif;&if /

[kwfygay&Jhvdkhukd qdk&rSmyJ ?'gayr,fh juHKcJ awGh cJwmuaawmh trSefyJ ? 'Duaeh 'DtcgrsdK;rSm

twkta,mif tckd;usihfpOfawG / ta&_cHK tckd;usihfpOfawGa&m / [dk[m'D[muav;awG t&rf;av#muf

xGif_yD; vSnfhpm;aejuwJhtyrSDorm;awGyg / tckd;usihfpOftppfawGxuf tqaygif;rsm;pGm rsm;aeavawmh

/ tppfeJh twkcGJzdkh qdkwmcufvSygbd ? tckd;usihfpOftppfqdkwmcGJzdkhvJ rvG,f/ awGh zddkh vJ rvG,fzl; ?

pifppfawmhum / tckd;usihfpOfom ESpfy&dað'

jumanmif;vSpGmuwnf;uaeoufqif;vmwm _zpf@Hkru / ÞxkdufusDß(tpGeftxGùf) / Þ[kdxlß

20

(a&xGufykHum;)/ Þavmhql;ß(a&xGufpmtkyf) Þ}udK;,dß (a_ymif;vJw&m;usrf;) / ÞyghuGß (aA

'ifwGuftrSwfoauFw&SpfrsdK;) ponf wkdh[mvJ ordkif;rwifrDumv

uwnf;uaeoufqif;vmcJhjuwmawGcsnf; _zpfw,f ? 'gh ajumifh uaeh tzdkh &mrSm u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh

'gawGudk omrefvlwkdh&Ju @+a'gifhuae_yD; pl;prf;avhvmaeju / odem;vnfatmif tm;xkwfaejuor#

umvywfvHk; / b,fvdkrStusdK;oufa&mufEdkifrSm r[kwfzl; ? omrefvlwdkh &Jh tqifh -@+a'gifh -

tawG;tqe,fy,fwdkh uae pl;prf;aeor# umvywfvHk; / wu,fh [mawGudk em;vnfEdkifrSm r[kwfzl; ?

tckd;usihfpOf qdkwm usifh juHtm;xkwf_cif;yJ

tckd;usihfpOftaeeJh ckavmufawmif ordkif;oufwrf; @Snfae^yD_zpfavawmh bmtwGuf

oHk;csaewmvJ ? u|efawmfwdkh 'D[mu Ak'<*dk%f;qdkif&m usifh pOfawmfjuD; _zpfavawmh um / bk&m;usifh

a&;_zpfajumif; / Þawmufß w&m;*dk%f;uawmh w&m;aygufzkdhtwGuf w&m;usifh a&; _zpfajumif;udk

u|efawmfa_ymjum; tyfygw,f ? ÞAk'<ß qdkwm t,lonf;_cif; r[kwfajumif;udk u|efawmf

a_ymjum;tyfygw,f ? ÞAk'<ßqdk wm oèùbmom _zpfw,f / a@S;a[mif;tdêd, bmompum;_zpfw,f ?

tJ'Da0g[m& w@kwf_ynf a&muf pu Þ zd+axmf ß ( Fo Tuo ) vdkh ac:juw,f ? wcsdKh uawmhvJ Þ

zSlxl ßvdkh bmom_yefjuw,f ? [dkvdk ac:ju/ 'Dvdkac:jueJh / ac:&if;ac:&if;uae / u|efawmfwdkh

w@kwfvlrsdK;awGu Þzd+ ß vdkh twkdaumuf ac:vmcJhjuw,f ? w@kwfvdk bmom_yef_y&&if /

Edk;jum;od_rifol / usifh juH tm;xkwf&if; Edk;jum;od_rifvmolvdkh t"dÑm,f &w,f ? 'DrSm bmt,lonf;r+

v=%mygvdkh vJ ?

pOf;pm;junfh juprf;yg ? usifh juHtm;xkwf_cif;tm;_zifh pGrf;tifxl;awG yGm;vmEdkifw,f ?

ckqdk&if uÝmay:rSm pGrf;tifxl; (6)rsdK;udk trsm;u vufcHaeju_yD ? 'gawGwifb,furvJ ? wu,fh

pGrf;tifxl;awG[m aomif;eJh csDaeajumif; u|efawmfa_ymjum;vdkw,f ? olrsm;awG a_cawGvufawGeJh

awmifrS rvkyfEdkifwmawGudk udk,fu xdkifae&if;eJh yJ a_cawGvufawG v+yfaep&mrvdkyJ _zpfaa_rmuf

atmif vkyfEdkifjuw,f ? pjum0VmtwGif;@Sd [if;vif;_yiftoD;oD;u wu,fhw&m; oabmwdkh udk awGh

Edkif_rifEdkifjuw,f ? omrefvlwdkh r_rif&wmawGudk awGh Edkif _rifEdkifjuw,f ? 'DykídKvfawG[m usifh juH

tm;xkwf aygufa_rmufaejuolawG r[kwfygvm; ? Edk;jum;od_rifaeju_yD_zpfwJh ykídKvfjuD;awG r[kwfyg

vm; ? omrefvlawGeJh wwef;wpm;wnf;ygvdkh qdkvdkh _zpfyghrvm; ? usifh juHtm;xkwfju&if; / Edk;jum;od

_rifvmjuolawG r[kwfygvm; ? olwdkhudk Edk;jum;od_rifaejuolawGvdkh ac:wm rSm;ygovm; ?

21

a@S;a[mif; tdêd, bmompum;t_zpf bmom_yefvdkuf&if Ak'<aygh ? trSefawmh 'gyJ ? tckd;usihfpOf qdkwm

'DbufrSmoHk;wmaygh ?

tckd;usihfpOfeJh ywfoufvdkh pum;pyfrdjuwJhtcg wcsdKhu Þa&m*g r@SdyJeJhb,folu

tckd;usihfpOfusifhaerSmvJß vdkh qdkaumif;qdkjuvdrfh r,f ? qkdvdkwmuawmh tckd;usihfpOfqdkwm

a&m*guif;a&; yJayghqdkwJh oabmyg ? 'guawmh tifrwdtifrwef t_rifwdrfwmyg ? 'gvJ

t_ypfrqdkomzl; ? bm_zpfvdkhvJqdkawmh tckd;usihfpOfq&m rsm;pGmwdkh [m a&m*guif;a&;-usef;rma&;

avmufudkom vkyfaeju / a_ymaejuwmudk; ?tqifh_rifhqD wufvSrf;a&;eJh ywfoufvdkh a_ymwJh vl@SdrS

r@SdyJudk; ? ckvdk a_ym_cif;tm;_zifh olrsm;awG&Jh usifhpOf raumif;zl;vdkh qdkvdk&mrusyg ? olwdkh wm0efu

a&m*guif;a&;- usef;rma&;tqifh u[mawGavmufukdom _zefhcsDzkdh / tckd;usihfpOf _yefhyGm;apzkdhavmuf

om_zpfwmudk; ? tqifh _rifh qD wufvSrf;tm;xkwfjuvdkolrsm;pGmwdkh [m 'Dpdwf@Sdju / 'Dqê@Sdjuayr,fh /

enf;rrSefvdkh tcuftcJawG wyHkjuD;eJh &ifqdkifaeju&w,f ? _y\emawGvJ trsm;juD;

ay:vmaejuw,f ? rSefw,f / tqifh _rifh rSmwu,fh udk oifay;r,fqdk&if / tifrwef eufeJwJh

_y\emawGeJh p,f,Sufvmzdkh @Sdw,f ? 'gh ajumifh u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh vlh tzGJh tpnf;tay: /

vlawGtay: wm0efodod aqmif@GufjuwmeJh tr# / usifh pOf oifjum;ydkh cs&mrSmvJ

tusdK;qufwav#mufvHk; aumif;cJh w,f ? wcsdKh [mawG[m wu,fhukd tifrwefrSeufeJvSwm /

t,lonf;r+awGukd a_ymaeovkdyJ ? 'gayr,fh u|efawmfwdkhu acwfodÑHynmeJhtnD twwfEdkifqHk;

@Sif;_yoGm;rSm _zpfw,f ?

wcsdKh [mawGukd u|efawmfwdkh xkwfa_ymjuwJh tcg / wcsdKh u t,lonf;wmawG

yg&,fvdkh qdkjuvdrfh r,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJ qdkawmh odÑHynmtaeeJh rod&ao;wmawG_zpfap / olh udk,fY

taeeJh rxdawGh &ao;wmawG / r@SdEdkifvdkh olxifaewmawGudk_zpfap / t,lonf;wmawGcsnf;yg /

pdwftxifawGcsnf;ygvdkh cH,lxm;wmudk; ? 'guawmh olh pH!$ef; / olh t,ltqayudk; ? ckvdk,lqwm

rSefovm; ? odÑHynmtaeeJh rod&ao;@HkeJh / tJh'Dtqifh udk a&mufrvmao;@HkeJh / 'gawG[m

t,lonf;wmawGyg / pdwftxifawG ygvdkh a_ymvdkh_zpfygh rvm; ? 'Dvlh taeeJh olh udk,fYudku

t,lonf;&m usraeygvm; ? pdwf0g'qefaervm; ? tJ'Dvdk t,ltqrsdK;twdkif;omqdk&if / odÑHynm

xGef;um;EdkifrSmwJh vm; ? wdk;wufEdkifrSmwJh vm; ? vlh tzGJh tpnf;vJ a@Sh wdk;Edkifawmh rSm r[kwfzl; ?

u|efawmfwdkh odÑHeJh twwfynmavmutaeeJh wDxGifvdkufjuwmawG[m t&ifuvlawG r&juao;

r@Sdjuao; wmawGcsnf;_zpfw,f ? t,lonf;wmawGcsnf;ygvdkh xifae&if / juD;yGm;aep&m

22

vJrvkdawmhbl;aygh? tckd;usihffpOfqdkwm pdwf0g'qefwmrsdK; r[kwfzl; ? vlrsm;pGmwdkh u tckd;usihfpOfudk

em;rvnfjuvdkh / pdwf0g' qefw,f&,fvdkhcsnf; xifaejuwm ? ckqdk&if odÑHud&d,mwefqmyvmrsm;udk

toHk;_yK_cif;tm;_zifh tckd;usihfpOfq&mwdkh udk,fxJu oHatmufvd+if; / oHvGefv+dif; / v#yfppfoHvdkufvd+if; /

teDvGef a&mif_cnf / c&rf;vGefa&mif_cnf / *rfrma&mif_cnf / !lx@Gef / t%k_rL /pdk;pOf;owWK_'yfpif

ponfwdkh udk pl;prf;awGh @Sdaeju&_yD ? 'gawG[m @kyf0wWKwnf@SdaewmawG r[kwfvm; ? 'gawG[m

@kyf0wWKawGcsnf;_zpfw,f ? b,ft&mrsdK;rqdk @kyf0wWKawGeJh _zpfwnfaewmcsnf; r[kwfvm; ?

w_cm;tcsdef-tmum_yifawG[mvJ @kyf0wWKawGeJh _zpfwnfaejuwmyJ r[kwfvm; ? t,lonf;

aejuwmawGygvdkh b,fh ES,fvdkh qdkEdkifrvJ ? tckd;usihfpOfqdkwm bk&m;usifh a&;twGuf toHk;cswm

_zpfavawmh um / eufeJvSwJh _y\emrsm;pGmwdkh eJh pyf,SufrdaerSm rkcsyJ ? 'gawGudk u|efawmfwdkh

tukefxkwfa_ymoGm;rSm ?

tcdk;usihfpOfudk 'DbufrSm oHk;wmqdkawmh / ,if;ukdu|efawmfwdkhu bm_yKvdkh tckd;usifhpOf

vdkh ac:&ovJ ? trSefawmh tckd;usifhpOfvdkh rac:zl; ? 'Dawmhb,fvdkac:ovJ ? Þ usifh yGm;tm;xkwf_cif; ß

vdkh ac:w,f / usifh yGm;tm;xkwf_cif;aygh ? rSefw,f 'd_yif twdtusac:wmawGvJ @Sdao;w,f ?

_cHKac:&ifawmh usifh yGm;tm;xkwf_cif;aygh ? 'g_zifh bm_yKvdkh tckd;usihfpOfvdkh ac:&wmvJ ? trsm;odwJh

twdkif; / vlh tzGJh tpnf;xJrSm tckd;usihfpOf_yefh yGm;vmwm tESpfESpfq,fausmf@Sd_yD ? Þ ,Ofaus;r+

awmfvSefa&;juD; ß tv,fumvavmufuwnf;upae_yD ? aemufydkif;usawmh txGwftxdyfudk

a&mufvmcJhw,f ? pOf;pm;junfh juprf;yg ? tJ'Dwkef;u vuf0JpGef; tawG;tac: a&pD;ajumif;[m

awmfawmfhukd _yif;xefSwmß ordkif;rwifrDumv ,Ofaus;r+wkef;u b,fvdkac:cJh juw,f qdkwmudk

xm;OD; ? u|efawmfwdkh 'DwcsD vlom;wdkh &Jh xGef;um;a&;_zpfpOfrSm / ya'o&mZf vlh tzGJh tpnf;udk

_zwfoef;cJh &avawmh /ya'o&mZf taiGh touf_yif;wJh emrnfawG ygvmwwfwmaygh ? bmoma&;eJh

ywfoufwmawGqdk&ifvJ / bmoma&;taiGh touf_yif;wJh emrnfawG ygvmwwfwmaygh ?Oyrm -Þ

awmuf ß usifh pOfawmf ßwdkh / Þ0Zd& ewfrif; urRõmef; ß wdkh / Þ &[÷menf;ßwdkh / Þ Ak'<usifh pOfawmf ß

wdkh / Þ udk;vD tíd,twwf ß wdkh pHkvdkh aygh ? Þ ,Ofaus;r+ awmfvSefa&;juD; ß wkef;ursm; ac:junfh prf; /

taqmfcH&_yDom rSwfayawmh ? trsm;_ynfola&m*guif;-usef;rma&; / um,Av wdk;yGm;a&;twGuf

tckd;usihfpOf q&mwdkh taeeJh 'DusihfpOf _yefhyGm;atmif aqmif@Gufjuwmuawmh aumif;yg&Jh

aumif;vSygay&Jh? 'gayr,fh vJ r&zl; ? b,folrS tJovdk rac:&Jjuzl; ? 'gajumifh tcdk;usihfpOfq&m

rsm;pGmwdkh u tcdk;usihfpOf_yefh yGm;ygapawmh qdk_yD; / ("gwfvkH;usrf;) eJh Þawmufß (w&m;usrf;awmf) xJu

23

pmvHk;ESpfvHk;udk _zpfuwwfqef; xkwf,l_yD; tckd;usihfpOfvdkh emrnfwyf vdkufjuwm_zpfw,f ? wcsdKh

ursm;qdk&if tJ'D tckd;usihfpOfa0g[m&udkyJ vdkuf_yD; okawoe_yK aevdkufjuao;w,f ? trSefawmh

bmrS okawoe _yKaep&m r@Sdzl; ? t&ifuqdk&if usifh yGm;tm;xkwf a&;vdkh ac:cJh juwm ?

tckd;usihfpOfqdkwmuawmh / acwfvlawG&Jh tawG;t_rifeJh udkufatmifqdk_yD; rSnfh vdkufwJh a0g[m&

topfom _zpfw,f ?

usifh yg&ufeJh bm_yKvdkh usihf&nfusihfaoG; rwufEdkif _zpfae&ovJ

usifh yg&ufeJh bm_yKvdkh usihf&nfusihfaoG; rwufEdkif _zpfae&ovJ ? igusifh vdkh om usifh

ae&w,f wu,fwrf; vufxyf_yay;cH&wmrsdK; r[kwfao;zl; ? q&mwpfa,mufa,mufursm;

twwftxGùf tacgifuav; bmav;nmav;rsm; vufwkdhvm / txufwef;ususenf;aumif;av;

bmav;nm av;rsm; _yay;vm&if / igawmh usihf&nfusihfaoG;wdk;wufoGm;rSmyJvdkh

vlawmfawmfrsm;rsm;u txifa&mufaeju w,f ? tJovdk xifaejuolawG ckqdkudk;q,fhig;

&mcdkifE+ef;avmuf @Sdr,fxifw,f ? u|efawmfh tzdkh awmh odyf&,fp&maumif;aygh ? bm_yKvdkh &,fp&m

aumif;&ovJ qdkawmh / tckd;usihfpOf qdkwm omrefvlwdkh jum;u twwfrSr[kwfyJ ? vHk;vHk;udk

omrefvGef _zpfavawmh / tqifh _rifh u w&m;oabmeJh E+dif;csdef& awmhrSmudk; ? usihf&nfusihfaoG;

rwufEdkif_zpfae&wJh t&if;cH tajumif; uawmh / usifhyGm;tm;xkwfju&mrSm

ÞusihfuGufusifha&;ßavmufudkom ta&;xm;ju_yD; / Þ Þpdwfusihfa&;ßusawmh

ayghaewwfjuwm_zpfajumif; u|efawmfa_ym_yvdkw,f ? t_yifav#mufvuf_zefh aeor# /

bmrS&rSmr[kwfzl; ? omrefvlw a,muf&Jh cE<mudk,f / omrefvlwa,muf&Jh vuf /

omrefvlwa,muf&Jh tawG;tac:wdkh udk t&if;_yK@kH eJh / oifupGrf;tif_rifh 0wWKawGudk od'<dt_zpf

ul;a_ymif;vmapbkdh / usihf&nfusihfaoG; wufvmapbdkh juHaeovm; ? udk,fxifoavmuf rvG,fyg ?

u|efawmfh t_rift& a_ym&&if &,fp&maygh ? bmeJh wlovJqdkawmh t_yifrSm vdkufvuf_zefh aeovdk /

vdkuf@Smaeovdk _zpfaeavawmh / woufvHk; awGh rSm r[kwfzl; ?

'grsdK;u u|efawmfwdkh omref vlawGjum;u twwf ynmrsdK;eJh wlwmr[kwfzl; ? ydkufqH

enf;enf;avmuf tukefcH^yD;oif@kHeJh / wwfvmwmrsdK;r[kwfzl; ? tJh'Dvdk[mrsdK;r[kwfzl; ? omrefvlwdkh &Jh

'Dtqifh udk vGefaewJh t&m_zpfw,f ? 'gajumifh oifh udk omrefvGef w&m;oabmeJh tnD awmif;qdk&rSm

_zpfw,f ? b,fvdkawmif;qdkovJqdk&if / oifh taeeJh udk,fhtwGif;oémefrSmukd usihfrS_zpfr,f?

24

t_yifav#muf@Smaevdkh r_zpfzl; ? ckqkdt_yifav#mufvuf_zefhaeolawG enf;wmrSwfvkdh / uaeh

'DvlhqDvuf_zefhju / eufzef[dkvlhqDvuf_zefhjueJh [m/ vuf_zefhvkdhukdr^yD;awmhbl;? _yD;awmh / &atmif

qkd^yD; awmhvJtpGJoefoefav#mufvdkufaejuw,f ? t}uHawGuawmhpHkvdkh aygh ? wcsdKh uqdk&ifvJ

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25

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26

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27

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judK;pm;ayawmh / aemufbufudk _yefvSnfh _yD; usifh juayawmh ?

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28

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odyfcufrSmwJh ?

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29

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xufpD;eif; vkyfjuwJh tcgrsm;rSmvJ / 'Dtwdkif;csnf;aygh ? olrsm;udk xdk;vm;judwfvm; /

uefvm;ausmufvm; vkyfwJh tcgrSmvJ / xkd;wm_yif;av-uefwm_yif;av olh udk,fay:u

yg&rDukodkvfawG[m wpfbufom;tay: trsm;}uD; a&mufukefjua&m ? 'Dtqifh u w&m;oabmudk

omrefvlwdkh r_rifjuzl; ? apmfum;cH&olu igawmh tEdkifusihfcH&_yD ? iHkh cHraeEdkifzl;qdk_yD; _yefwG,fvdkufwJh

tcg / yg&rD ukodkvfawGudk _yefay;vdkuf&musa&m ? ESpfa,mufpvkH; t@+H;t_rwfr&Sd_zpf ju&wmaygh ?

'gayr,fh _yefwG,fwJhvlu igwpfcsuf taqmfcH&wmudk ESpfcsufavmuf _yefwG,frS / pdwfausr,fqdk_yD; /

aemufwpfcsuf xyfwG,fvdkufwJh tcg / olh udk,fay:u yg&rDukodkvf [m olrsm;qD a&mufoGm;

_yefygava&m ?

'Dyg&rDukodkvfudk bmhajumifh ckavmufta&;xm;&ovJ ? 'Dyg&rDukodkvf awGtaeeJh

b,fvkdtvSnhfta_ymif;rsdK;awG_zpfaeygvdrfh ? bmoma&;awGrSm b,fvdka_ymaejuovJqdkawmh /

yg&rDukodkvf @Sd&if 'Db0rSmr&eJh OD;awmh / aemifb0us&vdrfhr,fwJh ? bmawG&rSmvJ ? yg&rDukokdvfrsm;

&if t&m@SdjuD;awG / _zpfcsif_zpfvdrfhr,f? }uD;yGm;csrf;om&ifcsrf;omvdrfh r,f ? vdkcsifwm&vdrfh r,f ? 'D

yg&rDukodkvfawGeJh zvS,fwmudk; ? tjuifol[mbm yg&rDukodkvfrSr@Sd&if / @kyfemrfESpfyg;pvHk;

ysufokef;aysmufuG,fukef&rSmvdkh vJ bmoma&;wdkh rSm a_ymqdkaejuw,f ? olh rlvewf[m

azsmufzsufcH&rSm? oluG,fvGefwJh tcgus&if / bmwpfckrS rusefatmif vufpwHk;ukef&rSmwJh?

u|efawmfwdkh usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&; e,fy,frSmawmh um / yg&rDukodkvfawGudk pGrf;&nft_zpf

wdkuf@dkuful;a_ymif;Edkifajumif; cHxm;aejuw,f ?

yg&rDukodkvfawG[mpGrf;&nft_zpf b,fodkh b,fyHkul;a_ymif;vmjuovJqdkwmeJh

ywfoufvdkh u|efawmfwdkh wif_yoGm;r,f ? usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&; avmurSm ckvdkpum; wpfcGef;@Sdw,f ?

Þusifh zdkh u udk,fh zufu ? od'<du q&mocifh zufuß wJh ? 'gayr,fh wcsdKhuawmh vHkwdkh - zdkwdkh wnfa&;

/b,aq;pkaqmif; - "mwfvHk;xdk;a&;wdkh / tm@Hkv+yf@Sm;r+wdkh tajumif;udk a_ymaejuw,f / odyfta&;

juD;w,fvdkh olwdkh xifaejuw,f ? wpfpufrS ta&;rjuD;ajumif; / pOf;pm;wmrsm;&if tpGJ_zpfae

rSm_zpfajumif; / pOf;pm;vGef&if tpGJoefoef vdkuf&musaerSm_zpfajumif; oifh udk u|efawmf

a_ymxm;yg&ap ? usifh zdkh u udk,fh zufu ? od'<du q&mocifh zufu ? oifh taeeJh 'Dqê@Sdae&if_yD;a&m ?

30

'DudpPudk wu,fwrf;vkyf&mrSm / q&mocifu vkyfay;&rSm_zpfw,f ? oiftv#if;ukd vkyfEdkifrSm r[kwfzl; ?

pGrf;tif_rifh 0wWKwdkh eJh _yD;wJh tqifh _rifh ouf@Sd cE<mukd / oifu oihfvkdomrefvlwpfa,muf&Jh udk,fcE<meJh

ul;a_ymif;,lzdkh juHwm tvsOf;udk r_zpfEdkifzl; ? &,fp&m_zpfaewmaygh ? 'd_yif [if;vif;_yifu vlh

cE<mudk,fw_zpfa_ymif;vJa&; _zpfpOf[m tawmfhudk odrfarGh qef;ju,fvSygayw,f / tawmfh udk

@+yfygayw,f ? 'gawGudk oiftvsOf;vkyfEdkifrSm r[kwfzl; ?

oifh udk q&mocifu bmay;rvJ ? usihf&nfusihfaoG;wufatmif pGrf;tifwpf&yfay;vdrfh

r,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJ qdkawmh / yg&rDukodkvf awG[m vlhcE<mtyrSm_zpf_yD; ? vlwdkh &Jh wu,fh pGrf;&nf[m

yg&rDukodkvf wdkh uae _zpfay:vm_cif;ajumifh _zpfw,f ? vlwpfa,muf&Jh tqifh b,fh avmuf_rifh _yD; /

pGrf;tm;b,favmufoefovJ qdkwmeJh ywfoufvdkh / tJ'D yg&rDukodkvfawGuaecsnf; _zpfay:vmwm

_zpfw,f ? oluoifh yg&rDukodkvf awGudkpGrf;&nft_zpf 0uftl&pfoÐmef xdk;wufvmap atmif

ul;a_ymif;ay;oGm;vdrfh r,f ? vlh tqifh tedrfh t_rifh udk wu,fwrf; tqHk;t_zwfay;wJh pGrf;&nf[m

cE<mtyrSm juD;xGm;vmwm_zpf_yD; / aemufqHk;rSm 0uftl&pfoÐmef acgif;ay:a&mufwJh tcg /

pGrf;&nfwdkifjuD; t_zpfudk a&mufoGm;a&m ? 'Dvlh pGrf;&nf b,fh avmuf_rifh ovJqdkwm / olh

pGrf;&nfwdkifjuD;udk junfh vdkuf@HkeJh oda&m ? tJ'golhtqifh aygh / Ak'<bmomxJrSm a_ymaejuwJh

r*fzdkvftqifh ae&maygh ? wcsdKh qdk&if urRõmef;xdkif&if; / rlvewfu @kyfxm;emrfcGm oabmrsdK;eJh

rdk;ay:wufoGm;Edkifw,f ? tweftoifh t_rifh a&mufwJh tcg wufr&awmhzl; / rwuf&Jawmhzl; ? olu

olh pGrf;&nfwdkifay:xdkif_yD; wufoGm;wm_zpfw,f ? olh pGrf;&nfwdkifu tJ'DavmufyJ _rifh avawmh

tJ'DavmuftxdyJ wufEdkifwmaygh ?a@Sh qufwufvdkh b,f&awmh rvJ ? 'guAk'<bmomxJrSm

a_ymaejuwJh r*fzdkvftqifh ae&m_y\emaygh ?

pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; tqifh udk wdkif;&mrSm udkuf (*dkuf) wH wpfck @Sdao;w,f ? udkufwHeJh

pGrf;&nfwdkifwdkh [m [if;vif;_yifwpfckxJrSm r[kwfayr,fh / _ydKifwl@Sdaejuwm_zpfw,f ? oifh pdwf&nf

pdwfaoG;wufvm_yDqdkygawmh ? Oyrm omrefvlawmxJrSm tqJcH&wJh tcg / pdwfxJ b,fvdkrS

oabmrxm;bJ / wkH%dbma0vkyfaevdkufw,f / t@dkuftykwfcH&vJ t_yHK;rysuf _idrfaevdkufw,fqdkyg

awmh ? 'Dvl[m pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; tifrwef_rifh ae_yDaygh ? 'Dawmh usifh yGm;tm;xkwfol wpfa,muftae

eJh oifbmawG&p&m@SdovJ ? oifpGrf;&nf&rSm r[kwfvm; ? oifh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; wufvmovdk oifh

pGrf;&nfvJ vdkuf_yD;wufvma&m ? pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; _rifh oavmuf pGrf;&nfuvJ vdkuf_rifh &rSm[m

tjuGif;rJh trSefw&m;_zpfw,f ? t&ifu wcsdKh [m yef;_cHrSm _zpf_zpf / tdrfrSm_zpf_zpf usifh juH&mrSm tawmfh

31

udk pdwfygvufygusihf}u&Smw,f ? @kdusdK;ju@Smw,f ? usifh wmvJ rqdk;zl;vkdhqkd&rSm ? 'gayr,fh t&yfxJ

a&mufju_yD qdkrS_zifh 'Dvlr[kwfawmh ovdk xif&musJjuawmhwmyJ ? omrefvlawmxJrSm *k%fawG /

yumoeawG twGufeJh eifvm; / igvm; udk,fh buf,ufju / cGufapmif;ckwfjuvkyfaejuavawmh

um/pGrf;&nfwufEdkifrSmwJh vm; ? tv#if;ukdwufEdkifrSmr[kwfzl; ? olh a&m*gvJ aysmufEdkifrSm r[kwfzl; ?

tJ'g &Sif;raevm; ? wcsdKh rsm; ESpf@Snfvrsm; usifh yGm;tm;xkwfaeygvsufeJh bm_yKvdkh a&m*graysmufEdkif

_zpfae&ovJ ? tckd;usihfpOfqdkwm usifhyGm;tm;xkwf_cif; _zpfw,f ? omrefvGef_zpfw,f/

omrefvlawGjum;u ukd,fvufavhusifhcef;vkyfwmrsdK;r[kwfzl; ? pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;udk ta&;xm;ygrSom

a&m*gaysmufEdkifrSm / pGrf;&nfwufEdkifrSm_zpfw,f ?

wcsdKhu vkHwkdh zkdhwkdh wnfju / b,aq;pkaqmif;ju_yD; "mwfvHk;xdk;juw,f ? "mwfvHk;udk

pGrf;&nfvdkh xifaejuw,f ? r[kwfzl; ? "mwfvHk;xJrSm pGrf;&nfawGtukef@Sdaewmr[kwfzl; ?

wcsdKhwavom&Sdaewm? "mwfvHk;qdkwm bmvJ ? trsm;odwJh twdkif; / u|efawmfwdkh rSm toufusifh p&m

wcsdKh vJ @Sdao;w,f ? udk,fxJrSm pGrf;&nfawGvJ xGuf&OD;r,f ? twwfoabmvdk[mrsdK;awGvJ

trsm;juD;xGuf&OD;r,f ? 'gawGukd oHk;rSmpdk;vdkhrsm;aomtm;_zihf aomh cwfxm;&rSm_zpfw,f? pGrf;tifawG

qdkwm trsdK;aygif; aomif;eJh csDaewm/ wpfck^yD;wpfck tukefaomhcwfxm;&rSmcsnf;_zpfw,f? bm_yKvdkh

aomh cwfxm;&ovJ qdkawmh / 'gawGudk t&yfxJrSm t&rf; av#mufoHk;aerSm pdk;vdkh ? omrefvlwkdh&Jh vlh

tzGJh tpnf;udk aygh aygh wefwef oGm;aESmuf,Sufaevdkh r_zpfbJudk; ? omrefvlwkdh&Jh vlh tzGJh tpnf;xJrSm

aygh aygh wefwef udk,fpGrf;udk,fp _yvdkh vJ r_zpfzl; ? bm_yKvdkh vJ qdkawmh 'Dvdkvkyf&if omrefvlwkdh &Jh

omrefvlh tzGJh tpnf; ta_ctaeudk zsufqD;&musrSm rdkh vdkh _zpfw,f ? vlrsm;pGmwdkh [m &dyfpm;&if;usifh

aejuwm_zpfw,f ? oifuvkyf_yvdkuf&if / wu,fygvm; qdk_yD; / tukefvmusifh juawmh rSmaygh ?

rdkufayh qdk;ayh qdkwJh vlawGawmif vmusifh juawmh rSm / b,f_zpfrvJ ? oifhtaeeJh tJovdk yv$m;_yrSm

udk v$wfray;Edkifzl; ? raumif;wmawG vkyfrdwwfvdrfh r,f ? bmh ajumifh vJqdkawmh ,if;&Jh

ajumif;quf-usdK;qufudk oifrSrodbJudk; ? ,if;&JhZpf_rpfudk oifrSrodbJudk; ?oifuawmh

taumif;xifvdkh vkyfrdwm / raumif;wm_zpfaumif;_zpfaevdrfh r,f ? 'gajumifh rdkh vdkh oifh udk

roHk;apwmaygh ? raumif;wm vkyfrdcJh aomf / tqifh v$m _yKwfus&rSmudk; ? usifh wmawG tcsnf;ESD;

_zpf&rSmudk; ? 'ghajumifh pGrf;&nfrsm;pGmwdkh udk aomhcwfxm;&wmaygh ? 'Dawmh b,fvdk_zpfvmrvJ ?

od'<dyGifh / Om%fawmfyGifh wJh waeh us&if 'D"mwfvHk;[m AHk;wpfvHk;vdk / pGrf;&nfawG rSefor# / cE<mudk,fxJu

aomh rSefor#eJh pGrf;tifayguf tvHk;pHkwdkh yGifh vmapatmif aygufuGJvmrSm _zpfw,f ? ÞAHk; ß aygufuGJoHeJh

32

twl - tukefyGifh ukefjuvdrfh r,f ? 'g[m "mwfvHk;&Jh toHk;0ifyHkaygh ? bkef;juD;ysHvGefvdkh rD;o_*ÌK[f_yD;wJh

tcg / "mwfawmfawGusefwwfw,f ? wcsdKhu b,fvdka_ymjuovJ qdkawmh / t@dk;awG / oGm;awGwJh ?

omrefvlawGusawmh bm_yKvdkh r@Sd&ovJ ? "mwfvHk; aygufuGJwJh tcg pGrf;tifawG xGufvmwmav ?

'd_yif [if;vif;_yifu t&m0wWKawG txJrSm trsm;juD; yg0ifaewmaygh ? ,if;wkdh[mvJ @kyf0wÔKawG

wnf&SdaewJh OçmawGaygh ? 'gayr,fh bmrSawmh toHk;uswm r[kwfzl; ? ckvlawGuawmh odyf_yD;

t_rwfwEdk; xm;aejuw,f ? ,if;rSm pGrf;tifeJh ta&miftaoG;ygw,f / odyfrmw,f ? 'gyJ ?

pGrf;&nfrwufEdkifwm tajumif;wpf&yf @Sdao;w,f ? tqifh _rifh uw&m;udk rodwJh

tavsmuf / b,fvdkwufusifh &rSef; rod_zpfae_cif;yJ ? bmoabmvJqdkawmh / ckeu u|efawmfa_ymcJh

ovdk / wcsdKh rsm;qdk&if tckd;usihfpOfawG trsm;juD;usifh cJh juw,f ? b,fh avmufjuD; rsm;rsm;pm;pm;

usihfxm;OD;-wwfxm;Od;awmh / bmrS toHk;uswm r[kwfajumif; ? rlvwef; ausmif;om;uav;om

_zpfajumif; ? usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&;u rlvwef;ausmif;om;uav;om_zpfajumif; ? tedrfh v$mu

w&m;oabmawGcsnf;om_zpfajumif; u|efawmfa_ymcJh _yD ? t_rifh v$mqDudk usifh yGm;tm;xkwf&mrSm /

ckvkdtedrfhv$mu w&m;oabmwdkh [m vrf;!$eftcef;u ygEdkifjurSmr[kwfzl; ? wuUodkvfrSm rlvwef;

zwfpm usufae&if / oif[m rlvwef;ausmif;om; t_zpfrSmyJ @SdaerSm_zpfw,f ? b,fh avmufjuD; rsm;rsm;

pm;pm; usufaeae tvum;yJ ? om_yD;awmh qdk;zdkh om @SdrSmyJ ? rwlwJh tqifh v$mwdkh rSm / tqifh

csif;rwlwJh w&m;"rRawG @Sdaejuw,f ? rwlwJh tqifh v$mwdkh rSm w&m;"rRwdkh taeeJh rwlwJh

vrf;!$eftcef;u ygEdkifjuw,f ? 'gh ajumifh tqifhedrfhu w&m;oabmwdkh [m tqifh _rifh qD

wufvSrf;usifh yGm;a&;tzdkh vrf;!$eftcef;u rygEdkifzl; ? u|efawmfa@Shquf zGifh qdkwif_yoGm;rSm

awGuawmh / t_rifh v$mrSm usifh yGm;a&; w&m;oabmawGcsnf; _zpfw,f ? u|efawmfu rwlwJh tqifh

u[mawGeJh aygif;pyf_yD; a_ymaewm_zpfvdkh / oifusifh yGm;tm;xkwfoGm;a&;tzdkh wav#mufvHk;

vrf;!$eftcef;u ygaerSmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? u|efawmfh rSm pmtkyfav;ig;tkyf @Sdw,f ? toHoGif; judK;acGwdkh /

@kyf-oHjudK;acGwdkh vJ @Sdjuw,f ? oifwpfacgufavmufjunfh_yD; em;axmif_yD;_yD qdkygawmh ?

aemufrjumcif xyfjunfh / xyfem;axmif_yefwJh tcgrSmvJ / oifh tzdkh vrf;!$efvdk _zpfukdaeOD;rSm ukdoif

awGhvm&rSm_zpfw,f? oifh taeeJh uvJ udk,fh udkudk,f _rSifh wif_yD;&if; _rSifh wifay;oGm;rSm_zpfovdk

/ ,if;wdkh uvJ oifh udkquf_yD; vrf;!$efay;oGm;rSm _zpfw,f ? w&m;"rRqdkwm 'grsdK;aygh ? txufu

a_ymcJh wmawGuawmh / usifh yg&ufeJh rwufEdkif _zpfae&wJh tajumif;ESpf&yf tajumif;aygh ? t_rifh

33

v$mu w&m;udk rod&if usifh vdkh &rSmr[kwf ? udk,hftwGif;oémefrSmrusihfor# - pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;

rusifh or# / wufEdkifrSmr[kwf qdkwmyJ ? 'Dtajumif;ESpf&yfyJaygh?

"rRpjumw&m;awmf&Jh xl;_cm;csuf

u|efawmfwdkh "rRpjumw&m;awmf[m Ak'<ydkif;u "rR=E<mawmfaygif; @Spfaomif;av;axmif

teufu wpfck tygt0if_zpfw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh 'DwpfcsD vlom;wdkh xGef;um;a&; ordkif;umvrSm

b,fwkef;urS vlod@Sifjum; _zefhcsD_cif;r_yKcJh&ao;zl; ? 'gayr,fh ordkif;rwifrDumv

wpf&yfrSmwkef;uawmh vlawGukdus,fus,f_yefh_yefh c|wfcJhw,f ? tqHk;uyfjuD;&Jh aemufqHk;umvrSm

u|efawmfu 'Dw&m;awmfudk xyf_zefhcsDvm_yefw,f ? 'gajumifh tvGeftuJtzdk;teË xdkufwefvSyg

ayw,f ? yg&rDukodkvf taeeJh pGrf;&nft_zpfudk wdkuf@dkuful;a_ymif;wJh toGifoÐmef tajumif;udk

u|efawmfa_ymcJh_yD ? pGrf;&nfqdkwm pifppfawmhum usifh &muae &vmwmr[kwfzl; ? pdwfusifh &muae

&vmwm_zpfw,f ? vlrsm;pGmwdkh [m pGrf;&nfwufa&;udk t&vdkufaeju&mrSm avhusifh a&;udkom

ta&;xm;aeju_yD; / usifhyGm;tm;xkwfa&;udkawmh ta&;rxm;juzl; ? pifppfpGrf;&nfqdkwm

vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm;udk pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; usifh yGm;&muae wufvmwm_zpfw,f ? 'g_zifh &if bm_yKvdkh

u|efawmfwdkh 'DrSmvJ usifh uGufawG oifay;ae&ovJ ? bkef;juD;awG bm_yKvdkh usifh uGufrusifhjuovJ

qdkwmudk u|efawmft&ifa_ym_yr,f ? olwdkh[mu t"dutm;_zifh urRõmef;xdkif / y&dwf@Gwf /

pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; usifh ju&if; / pGrf;&nfwufvmjuwm_zpfw,f ? tqifh udk _rSifh ay;wJh

pGrf;&nfwufvmjuwm_zpfw,f ? cEQmudk,ftygt0if-avmuDa&;t&mtm;vHk;udkpGefhy,fjuzdkh &Sifawmf

ousrkeduoifjum;oGm;avawmhum/ udk,fcE<mavhusihfcef;awG vkyfaep&mrvkdawmhbl;aygh?

Þawmufß *kd%f;uawmhowW0gtaygif;u,fwifa&;vdkh rqdkjubl;? vlawGqkdwm wcsdKh u wpfudk,f

aumif; pdwfrsm;juovdk/ wcsdKhuawmhvJwpfudk,faumif; pdwfenf;juw,f?Þawmufß0g'Dwdkh

rsufarSmuf_yKju& wmupdwfaepdwfxm;trsdK;rsdK; / tqifhtv$m trsdK;rsdK;uvlaygif;pHkr[kwfbl; ? olwdkh

uwynfhawGudk acgif;acgufa@G;,lwm?wynfh oHk;a,mufavmufa@G;ygrS/ wpfa,mufavmufudkom

wu,f_yay;wm? 'Dwynfh taeeJh yg&rDukodkvf awGrsm;ygrS / aumif;ygrS / tarSmuftrSm; uif;EdkifaprS /

olwdkhujudKufwm ? 'gh ajumifh wynfh _zpfoludk toufusifhEdkifapatmif / od'Qdwdkh / twwfwdkh usifh Edkif

34

apatmif / usihfuGufawGukd y"meusus_yay;wwfjuw,f ? 'Dawmh wynhfawGtaeeJh usihfuGuf

usihfvmju& awmhwmaygh?

"rRpjumw&m;awmf[mvJ@kyf-emrfESpfyg;pHkusifh pOf_zpfwmrdkh / udk,fcE<mavh usifh cef; awGygw,f?

avhusifhcef; qdkwmu wzufu pGrf;tif_ynfh wif;apzdkh _zpfw,f ? _ynfh wif;apzdkh qdkwmubmvJ ? oifh

pGrf;tifawGudk tm;aumif;onfxuf aumif;vmapatmif / juD;rm;wJh oifh pGrf;tm;awGeJh tm;_znfh

ay;oGm;zdkh _zpfw,f ? aemufwzufuawmh / oifh udk,fxJrSm ouf@SdcE<mawG trsm;juD; _zpfxGef; vmapzkdh

_zpfw,f ? tqifh _rifh rSm usifh juwJh tcg / Þawmufß *kd%f;u rlvoli,faygufzGm;a&;udk

vkdvm;juovdk / Ak'<*dk%f; uawmh / 0Zd&rysuf um,udk vkdvm;juw,f ? twwfoabmvdk[mrsdK;

awGudkvJ trsm;juD; _zpfxGef;vmaprSm_zpfw,f ? 'gawGudk udk,fvuf avhusifh cef;awGeJh usifh

oGm;&rSm_zpfw,f ? avhusihfcef;qkdwm 'gawGukdusihfwmaygh? _ynfh pHkwJh @kyf-emrf ESpfyg;pHk usifh pOfqdkwm

pdwfusihfa&;vJvkyf/ usifh uGufusifh a&;vnf;vkyf&r,f ? 'DpGrf;tif b,fuvmovJ qdkwmudk

tm;vHk;em;vnfavmuf_yDvdkh u|efawmfxifw,f ? oifh tqifh tedrfh t_rifh udk wu,fwrf;

tqHk;t_zwfay;wJh pGrf;tifqkdwm vHk;vHk;udk tm;xkwf&if; &vmwm_zpfw,f ? usifh&if;

&vmwmr[kwfzl; ? oifh taeeJh tm;xkwfa&;_zpfpOfrSm / omrefvlawmxJrSm / oifh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;udk

_rSifh wifvmwJh tcg / pjum0Vm*k%fowdWxl;eJh o[Zmw_zpfvmwJh tcg / pjum0Vm*k%fowdWxl;u

rcsKyfrcs,fawmh wmeJh tr# / oifvJwufvmEdkifrSm _zpfw,f ? 'Dyg&rDukdodkvf awGvJ pGrf;tift_zpf

ul;a_ymif;p _yKvmygava&m? oifh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; pH!$ef;_rifh vmwmeJh tnD oifh pGrf;tifvJ

wufvmrSm_zpfw,f ? 'guawmh ckvdk qufEG,fr+rsdK;aygh?

u|efawmfwdkh 'Dusifh pOf[m wu,fh udk @kyfemrfESpfyg;pHk usifh pOf_zpfw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh

usifh wJh pGrf;tifawGudk cE<mudk,fu uvmyfpnf;wdkif;rSm odkavSmifxm;w,f? tvGefh tvGef ao;zGJvSwJh

taetxm;rSm wnf@SdwJh @kyf0wWK t&if;t_rpftEkpdwf _rLwdkh uzufpyfyg0if t&mawGtxd / pGrf;tif_rifh

0wWKwdkh &Jh pGrf;tifawG odkavSmifxm;w,f ? oifh pGrf;tm; juD;rm;onfxuf juD;rm;vmovdk / pGrf;tif&Jh

odyfonf; qvJ juD;rm;onfxuf juD;rm;vmvdrfh r,f ? pGrf;yum;vJ juD;rm;onfxuf juD;rm;vmvdrfh

r,f ? ckvdk pGrf;tif_rifh 0wWKawG[m todOm%f@Sdjuw,f ? olwdkh udk toufwdkh &Jh t&if;t_rpftxd / vlh

cE<mudk,f&Jh uvmyfpnf;wdkif;rSm odkavSmifxm;wmrdkh / wpfpwpfp-wa@Gh a@Gh eJh / oifh cE<mudk,fu

uvmyfpnf;awGeJh wyHkpHwnf; _zpfukefygava&m ? armfvDusL;wdkh &Jh zGJh pnf;yHkeJh vJ twlwl_zpfukef

ygava&m ? !luvDtm; vHk;wdkh &Jh yHkoGifeJh vJ twlwl_zpfukefygava&m ? 'gayr,fh tESpfom&uawmh

35

rwlawmhzl; ? rlvrHouvmyfpnf;wdkh eJh _zpfwnfaewJh udk,fcE<mrsdK; r[kwfawmh zl; ? 'Dawmh oif[m

"mwfjuD;ig;yg; twGif;rSm r[kwfawmh zl;r[kwfvm; ? rSefw,f / oifh usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&;u r_yD;ao;zl;

omrefvlawmxJrSm qufusifh aewkef;yJ ? 'gajumifh tay:,Hujunfh &if omrefvlvdkyJaygh ?

wpfckwnf;aom _cm;em;csufuawmh @G,folawGeJh ,SOfvdkufwJh tcg oifu toufEkae_cif;yJ ? rSefw,f ?

oifh udk,fay:u a&m*gawG tygt0if raumif;wmawGudk OD;pGmyxr y,fypf&r,f ? 'gayr,fh 'DrSm

u|efawmfwdkh u a&m*gukaewmr[kwfzl; ? cE<moefh pifa&;vkyfaewm ? a0g[m&udk,fYu

a&m*guka&;vdkh rac:zl; ? cE<moefh pifa&;vdkh ac:w,f ? wu,fwrf;usifh yGm;tm;xkwfolrsm;udk cE<moefh

pifay;wm ? wcsdKh uqdk&if a&m*gudkyJ vmukwm_zpfw,f ? tonf;toef_zpfaewJh a&m*gonfawGudk

u|efawmfwdkh u oifwef;t0ifrcHzl; ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh a&m*gukcsifwJh 'Dpdwfudk olpGefh rSrpGefh EdkifyJudk;

a&m*guyf^idae_cif;qdkwJh tpGJudk pGefh rSrpGefh EdkifyJudk; ? a&m*gu tonf;toef_zpfae / 'k=uvJ tifrwefh

udk cHae&avawmh / olpGefh EdkifrSmwJh vm; ? olusifh yGm;tm;xkwfEdkifrSm r[kwfzl; ? tonf;toef_zpf

aeolwdkhudk u|efawmfwdkh uvufrcHajumif; ? 'DrSmu usifh yGm;tm;xkwf_cif;_zpfajumif; ?

olpOf;pm;aewmeJh tifrwefh udk w_cm;pD_zpfaeajumif; ? 'DudpPeJh ywfoufvdkh w_cm;tckd;usihfpOf

q&mawGqD oGm;Edkifajumif;udk u|efawmfwdkh u xyfzefwvJvJ tav;wif; a_ymxm;_yD;_zpfw,f ?

oifom;rsm;pGmwdkh taeeJh a&m*gpGJaejuwm t[kwftrSefyg ? oifu wu,fh usifh yGm;tm;xkwfol_zpfvdkh

oifudkawmh u|efawmfwdkh u tckvdk aqmif@Gufay;oGm;rSm_zpfw,f ?

u|efawmfwdkh "rRpjumw&m;awmf oifom;rsm;taeeJh wcsdefwumvavmuf usifh rdju

w,fqdk&if / tay:,Hu junfh vdkuf@HkeJh tyHkjuD;toGifa_ymif;vmwmudk awGhju&w,f ?

tom;ta&Ekvm / eDwDwD EkxGwfxGwf_zpfvmwmawGh &w,f ? toufodyfjuD;aeolawGawmif

ta&_ym;wGefh&@Gefh _zpfwmawGenf;vmju / tifrwefh udk enf;vmjuwmawGh &w,f ? trsm;tm;_zifh

u'Dvdkaygh ? 'DrSm u|efawmfu *ÝD&qefvGef;pGma_ym aewmr[kwfzl; ? ck'DrSm xdkifaejuwJh

oifom;a[mif;rsm;pGmwdkh tod_zpfw,f ? _yD;awmh t@G,f&ifh wJh trsdK;orD;awG taeeJh vJ

&moDay:juvdrfh r,f ? @kyfemrfESpfyg;pHk usifh pOfqdkawmh / oifh cE<mudkusifhbdkh twGuf"rRwm aoG;vdkvdkh udk;

&moDvmayr,fh rsm;rSmr[kwfzl; ?vuf@SdumvrSmavmuf@Hkavmufaygh ?'gvJ rsm;aomtm;_zifh

'Dvdkcsnf;yg ? Edkh r[kwf&if 'gr@SdyJeJh / oifh cE<mudk b,fh eJh vkyfusifh ygh rvJ ? a,muFsm;awGvJ 'Dtwdkif;yJ ?

t@G,f&ifh olawGa&m / ysdKolawGa&m / wudk,fvHk;ayghayghyg;yg; _zpfvmwmudk cHpm;ju&vdrfh r,f ?

wu,fwrf; usifh yGm;olwdkh taeeJh ckvdka_ymif;vJr+udk cHpm;rdjuvdrfh r,f ?

36

u|efawmfwdkh 'Dusifh pOfusifh wmu tifrwefh udk juD;wm ? w_cm;usifh pOfrsm;pGmwdkh vdk

wd&ðmefawGudk twk,lusifh wmrsdK;awGeJh rwlzl; ? 'Dusifh pOfusifh wmu }uD;vGef;vkduffwm

rSra_ymeJhawm? [dkacwf[dktcgwkef;u &SifawmfousrkedeJh avmifZDwdkh a[moGm;juwJh w&m;oabmawG

[m u|efawmfwdkh e*g;aiGh wef;ju,fpkjuD; todkif;t0dkif;xJu w&m;oabmawG_zpfw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh

"rRpjumw&m;awmf usifh aewmubmvJ ? u|efawmfwdkh u pjum0Vm zGHh _zdK;&ifh oefa&; oabmw&m;

t& usifh yGm;tm;xkwfaejuwm _zpfw,f ? pjum0Vm t_rifh qHk; *k%fowdWxl;_zpfwJh opPm-arwWm-

c÷Dwdkh &Jh pH!$ef;udk ta_c_yK_yD; / u|efawmfwdkh usifh yGm;tm;xkwfr+udk vrf;!$efaewm_zpfw,f ?

u|efawmfwdkh u 'davmuf juD;rm;vSwmjuD;udk usifh aejuwm / pjum0VmjuD;udk usifh aejuovdkaygh ?

u|efawmfwdkh "rRpjumw&m;awmftaeeJh tifrwdtifrwef xl;_cm;vSwJh / 'd_yif usifh pOf

awGtm;vHk;eJh _cm;em;wJh tjuD;rm;qHk; xl;_cm;csuf wpf&yfvJ @Sdao;w,f ? ckt&yfxJrSm acwfpm;aewJh

tckd;usihfpOf awG[m "mwfvHk;vrf;udk vdkufjuwmcsnf; _zpfw,f ? "mwfvHk; usifh juwmcsnf; _zpfw,f ?

"mwfvHk;usifh wJh tckd;usihfpOfwdkh taeeJh omrefvlawmxJrSm od'<daygufzdkh Om%fawmfyGifh zdkh qdkwm

cufvSygayw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh "rRpjum w&m;awmfu "mwfvHk;vrf; rvdkufzl; ? u|efawmfwdkh usifh

pOfu Adkufatmufydkif;rSm "rRpjumwpfck usifh yGm;juwm_zpfw,f ? oifwef;rSm u|efawmfu

oifom;rsm;udk ukd,fwdkif "rRpjum csay;oGm;rSm_zpfw,f ? u|efawmf"rRpjum w&m;awmf a[mjum;pOf /

u|efawmfwdkh u "rRpjumawGudk waomaom csay;oGm;rSm _zpfw,f ? wcsdKhu cHpm;r+ @Sdjuovdk / wcsdKh

u r@Sdzl; ? rsm;aomtm;_zifh awmh @Sdjuw,f ? wpfa,mufeJh wpfa,muf cE<mudk,f t&nftaoG;_cif;

rwljuyJudk; ? u|efawmfwdkh u "rRpjumusifh wm / "mwfvHk; rusifh zl; ? "rRpjum[m pjum0VmjuD;&Jh

tvHk;pHkaom pGrf;tifwdkh eJh _ynfh pHkwJh pjum0Vm tusOf;csHKh yHki,f _zpfw,f ? ol[m ukd,fhzmom

vsm;vSnhfywfoGm; Edkifw,f ? vnfEdkifw,f ? ol[m oifh Adkufatmufydkif;rSm xm0pOf

vnfoGm;rSm_zpfw,f ? oifh udk,fxJ csay;vdkufwJh tcsdefup_yD; / xm0pOf ckvdk wpfESpfywfvHk;

vnfoGm;rSm _zpfw,f ? b,fawmh rS &yfawmh rSm r[kwfzl; ? em&DvufwH twdkif; vnf&mrSm

pGrf;tifawGudk pjum0VmtwGif;uaetvdktavsmuf pkwf,loGm;rSm_zpfw,f? _yD;awmh olh udk,fY taeeJh

uvnf; pGrf;tifawG xkwfay;oGm;rSm _zpfw,f ? oifh cE<mudk,f tpdwftydkif;tm;vHk; toGifopf

ul;a_ymif;a&; tzdkh vdktyfor# pGrf;tifawGudk oluay;oGm;rSm _zpfw,f ? wpfcsdefxJrSm em&DvufwH

a_ymif;_yeftwdkif; vnfwJh tcg / pGrf;tifawG xkwfv$wfvdrfh r,f ? pGefh ypfwJh t&mawGudk

xkwfypfvdkufwJh tcg / cE<mudk,fwpf0dkufrSm _y,fukefvdrfh r,f ? pGrf;tifawG xkwfv$wfvdkufwJh tcg /

37

ta0;juD;txd a&mufEdkifw,f ? _yD;rS pGrf;tifopfawGudk xyf_yD; oGif;,l_yefw,f olxkwfv$wfvdkufwJh

pGrf;tifawG[m oifh cE<mudk,fwpf0dkufu vlawGtzdkh tusdK;@SdaprSm _zpfw,f ? rdrda&m olrsm;yg

u|wfvGwfa&; / cyfodrf;aom owW0gtaygif; tu|wfw&m;&a&;udk Ak'M*dk%f;u wavsmufvHk;

cH,lcJhw,f ? tjuifol wpfa,muftaeeJh udk,fh [mudk,f usifh yGm;tm;xkwf&rSm _zpf@Hkru

owW0gtrsm;udkvJ c|wfoGm;&rSm_zpfw,f ? 'Dawmh / olrsm;awGvJ tusdK;cHpm;vmju&vdrfh r,f ? _yD;awmh

olrsm;awG&Jh udk,fcE<m oÑg, _zpfvmapatmif / a&m*gaysmufapatmif oiftrSwfrxif

pGrf;aqmifay;&mvJ usvdrfhr,f ? rSefw,f / pGrf;tifawGu qHk;ukefrSm r[kwfzl; ? "rRpjumtaeeJh

em&DvufwHtwdkif; vnfwJh tcg / olhzmom pGrf;tifawGudk _yefodrf;rSm _zpfw,f ? 'guawmh olu

tcgcyfodrf; vnfaevkdhudk; ?

"rRpjumtaeeJh b,fh ES,fh ajumifh rsm; tcgcyfodrf; r&yfrem; vnfae&wmvJvdkh wcsdKh

u tawG;ay:aumif;ay:vdrfh r,f ? wcsdKh uvJ Þ"rRpjum b,fh ES,fh ajumifh vnfae&ovJ ?

oabmu b,fvdkvJ ? pGrf;tifawG rsm;rsm;vmvdkh "mwfvHk;_zpfvmwmu em;vnf&vG,fw,f ?

"rRpjum vnfaewmuawmh pOf;pm;vdkh r&Edkifp&myJ ßvdkh u|efawmfhudk ar;jua_ymjuw,f ? u|efawmf

Oyrm wpfck_yr,f? pjum0VmjuD;[m v+yf@Sm;aew,f ? pjum0VmjuD;xJu @Sd@Sdor# e*g;aiGh wef;

ju,fpkjuD;awG / @Sd@Sdor# ju,fpkawG tukef v+yf@Sm;aejuw,f ? _*dK[f}uD;udk;vHk;wdkh [m aeudk ywf_yD;

vSnfh aejuw,f ? uÝmvHk;qdk&if udk,fh [mudk,fawmif vnfaevdkufao;w,f ? pOf;pm;junfh

juprf;yg / b,folu wGef;ay;aevdkh vJ ? b,folu tm;awG xnfh ay;aevdkh vJ ? 'gudk omrefvlwdkh &Jh

tawG;tqrsdK;eJh em;vnfvdkh b,f_zpfyg hrvJ? ,if;udk,fYudku ckvdkcsmcsmvnf ,÷&m;rsdK;ayudk; ?

u|efawmfwdkh "rRpjumvJ 'Dtwdkif;yJ ? olh [mu vnfaewmuvm; ? usifh yGm;tm;xkwfcsdefudk

wdk;vmap_cif;tm;_zifh / omrefvlwdkh taeeJh yHkrSeftaetxdkifrsdK;rSm usifh yGm;tm;xkwfbdkh _y\emudk olu

a_z@Sif;ay;vdkufw,f ?b,fvdk wdk;vmapovJqdkawmh olh[mu tcgcyfodrf;r&yfrem;vnfae /

pjum0VmjuD;xJuae pGrf;tifawGukd tawmrowf pkwf,lae / pGrf;tifawGukd tawmrowf

ul;a_ymif;ay;aeavawmh / oiftvkyfwufvJ oluoifh udk usifh ay;ae&musaewmaygh? rSefw,f /

"rRpjumwif b,furvJ ? pGrf;tif,÷&m;wdkh / pGrf;tifpepfwdkh vJ oifh udk,frSm u|efawmfwdkh trsm;juD;

csay;oGm;rSm _zpfw,f ? "rRpjumeJhtwl olhtvkdvkd vnfoGm;ju / tvdkvkdavsmuf

ul;a_ymif;ay;oGm;jurSm _zpfw,f ? 'gh ajumifh 'DusihfpOfu usifh olwdkh udk vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm; tvdktavsmuf

t_zpf ul;a_ymif;ay;aewmrdkh / ÞvludkusihfpOfu usifh ay;_cif; ß / (0g) Þvludkw&m;u usifh ay;_cif; ß

38

t_zpfrsdK; _zpfay:vmapw,f ? oifrusifh wJh tcgrsdK;rSm / usihfpOfu oifh udk usifh ay;aew,f ? oifusifh

wJh tcgrSmvJ usihfpOfu oifh udk usifh ay;aewmyJ ? oifpm;csdef / tdyfcsdef / tvkyfwufcsdef wdkh rSmvJ

usihfpOf w_zpf ul;a_ymif;ay;aewmcsnf;yJ ? 'Dawmh oifusifh wmu bmvkyfwmvJ ? oifusifh wmu

"rRpjumudk _znfh wif;ay;aewm _zpfw,f ? oifh udk u|efawmfcsay;xm;wJh pGrf;tif,÷&m; / tckd;,÷&m;

rSefor#wdkh udk _znfh wif;ay;wm_zpfw,f ? tqifh _rifh rSm usifh yGm;tm;xkwfwJh tcg / t_yKrJh t_zpfrJh

t_zpfrsdK; a&mufae&rSm csnf;_zpfw,f ? v+yf@Sm;r+ qdkwmvJ ,÷&m;eJh tnD _zpfae&rSmcsnf; _zpfw,f ?

'Dawmh tm@Hk!$efenf; wdkh / touf@SLenf;wdkh ponfwkdhudk bmrS vkyfaep&mrvdkzl; ?

b,ftcsdef / b,fae&mwdkh rSm usifhqdkwmrsdK;awGvJ u|efawmfwdkh rSm r@Sdzl; ? Þoef;acgift

csdef / t@k%fwufcsdef / rGef;wnfh csdef b,ftcsdefwdkh rSmusifh &ifaumif;rvJ ß vdkhwcsdKh uar;wwfjuw,f ?

tcsdefeJh ywfoufvdkh u|efawmfwdkh u b,fvdkrS oabmrxm;zl; ? oef;acgifrSm oifrusifh _zpf&if / usihfpOf

uoifh udk usifh ay;_yD;om;yg ? t@k%fwufrSm rusifh _zpf&ifvJ / usihfpOfu usifh ay;_yD;om;yg ? oiftdyfae

wJh tcgrSmvJ / usihfpOfu usifhay;aewmyJ ? vrf;av#mufaewJh tcgrSmvJ / usihfpOfuusifh ay;aewmyJ ?

tvkyfwufaewJh tcgrSmvJ / usihfpOfu usifh ay;aewmyJ ? 'Dawmh oifhtzkdh usifhcsdef tyHkjuD;oufom

oGm;&mrusvm; ? u|efawmfwkdhvlrsm;pGmwdkh [m w&m;wu,f&vdkpdwf@Sdaejuw,f ? 'gu usifh

yGm;tm;xkwfa&; yef;wdkif_zpfw,fqdkwm txl;a_ymaep&m rvdkzl; ? tqHk;pGefaom usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&;

yef;wdkifuawmh w&m;&@Sda&;eJh _yD;a_rmufatmif_rifa&;aygh ? 'gayr,fh wcsdKh vlawG[m olh 'DwpfoufrSm

t@G,f&aeju_yDrdkh / tcsdefavmufcsifrS avmufjuawmh rSm ? 'D_y\emudk u|efawmfwdkh

"rRmpjumw&m;awmfu a_z@Sif;ay;Edkifw,f ? usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&;_zpfpOf usHKh oGm;atmifpGrf;aqmif

ay;Edkifw,f ? wcsdefwnf;rSm /@kyfemrfESpfyg;pHk usifh pOfvJ_zpfwmrdkh / oifh taeeJh usifh vkdhusihfvdkhom

vmwmeJh tr# / oifh toufvJ &Snfvkdh&SnfvkdhomvmrSm _zpfw,f ? oiftawmrowf usifh ovdk / oifh

toufuvJ tawmrwwf &SnfvmrSmqdkawmh / yg&rD"gwfcH aumif;_yD; / t&G,f&aejuolwdkh tzdkh /

usifhcsdefavmuf avmuf_yDvdkh qdk&rSmaygh ? 'gayrJh pHwpfckawmh @Sdw,f ? bk&m;ocifay;xm;_yD;

e*kdoufwrf;xuf ausmfvGefvm_yD _zpfwJh oufwrf;[m / vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm;udk oifusifh zdkh twGuf_zpfw,f

? oifh tawG;tac: enf;enf;avmuf c|wfacsmfwdrf;apmif;oGm;r,f qdk&if touft÷&m,f eD;vmvdrfh

r,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJ qdkawmh oifh oufwrf;qHk;wm jumrSudk; ? oifh taeeJh avmuDwGif; usifh yGm;a&;u

rxGufEdkifao;or# / tcsKyftxdef; ruif;ao;or# / 'Dt_zpfu vGwfEdkifrSm r[kwfzl; ?

39

b,ft&yfudk vSnfh _yD; usifh &r,f qdkwmwdkh / usifh pOfodrf;&r,f qdkwmwdkh vJ

u|efawmfwdkh rSmr@Sdzl; ? bm_yKvdkh vJ qdkawmh "rRpjumu tcgcyfodrf; rem;wrf;vnfaewmudk; ? &yfvdkh

vJ &rSr&yJudk; ? w,fvDzkef; vmwJh tcg / wHcg;vmacgufwJh tcg t_refom xoGm;vdkuf ? usifh pOf

odrf;aep&m rvdkzl; ? oifudpP aqmif@GufaepOf / "rRpjumu csufcsif; em&DvufwH twdkif;vnf_yD; /

cE<mtyrSm _yefh aewJh pGrf;tifawGudk wcgwnf; _yefodrf;vdkufvdrfh r,f ? oifh taeeJh vlhya,mu

qefqef tckd;awGudk oJh_yD; acgif;xJxnfhygav ? b,fhavmufjuD; oJhaeae zdwfukef&rSmcsnf;_zpfw,f

"rRpjum[m todOm%f@SdolyDyD - 'DudpPawG vkyfzdkh udk udk,fh [mudk odae_yD;_zpfw,f ? b,ft&yfudk

rsufESmrlusifh &r,fvdkh vJ rqdkvdkzl; ? bm_yKvdkh vJ qdkawmh pjum0VmjuD; wpfckvHk; v+yf@Sm;aewmudk; ?

e*g;aiGh wef; ju,fpkjuD; vnfywfaewmudk; ? _*dK[f}uD;udk;vHk;uvJ aeudkywf_yD;vSnfh aejuwmudk; ?

uÝmvHk;uqdk&if udk,fh [mudkawmif vnfaevdkufao;wmukd;? u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh pjum0Vm

juD;avmuf juD;wJh w&m;oabmeJh tnD usifh aejuavawmh um / ta@Sh / awmif/ taemuf

a_rmufqdkwm b,frSmwJh vJr@Sdzl; ? b,ft&yfudk vSnfh _yD;usifh usifh / bufaygif;pHkudk vSnfh _yD;usifh &m

usraevm; ? b,ft&yfudk vSnfh _yD; usifhaeae / ta@Sh / awmif / taemuf / a_rmufwdkhudk w_ydKifwnf;

rsufESmrl_yD; usifh &musraevm; ? u|efawmfwdkh "rRpjumw&m;awmftaeeJh / oifom;wdkh udk tc|wftacsmf

twdrf;tapmif; r_zpfapatmif umuG,fapmifh a@SmufoGm;rSm _zpfw,f ? b,fvdk umuG,fapmifh

a@SmufrSmwJh vJ ? oifh taeeJh udk,fh udkudk,f wu,fhw&m;usifh olt_zpf oabmxm;&if/ u|efawmfwdkh

"rRpjumu umuG,fapmifh a@SmufrSm _zpfw,f ? u|efawmfu pjum0VmrSm t_rpfwG,faeol

_zpfavawmhwm? oifh udk 'k=ay;Edkif&if / u|efawmfh udkvJ 'k=ay;Edkif&m usvdrfh r,f ? bGif;bGif;

a_ym&&if / 'Dpjum0VmjuD;udk 'k=ay;Edkif&m usvdrfhr,f ? u|efawmfa_ymwmawGu *ÝD&odyfqefovkdyJ?

a@Sh quf_yD;awmhom oif,loGm;yg / oifem;vnfvmygvdrfh r,f ? 'd_yif[mawG @Sdao;w,f ? _rifh

vGef;tm;juD; wmawGudkawmh u|efawmfa_ymvdkh r_zpfzl; ? tqifh _rifh u w&m;"rRawGeJh ywfoufvdkh /

u|efawmfwdkhu wdrf&mu eufqdkovdk pepfwus @Sif;vif;zGifh qdk _yoGm;rSm _zpfw,f ? oifh taeJh

pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; ra_zmifhrrSef&if r_zpfzl; ? oifvdkufvuf_zefh&if / _y\em ay:aumif;ay:vdrfh r,f ?

oifom;a[mif; rsm;pGmwdkh &Jh "rRpjumawG yHkysufyef;ysuf _zpfukefjuwmudk u|efawmfawGh &w,f ?

bm_zpfvdkh ckvdk _zpf&wmvJ ? oifh taeeJh 'd_yif[mawGeJh a&musihfwmudk; ? olrsm;[mawGudk

oif,lrdwmudk; ? 'g_zifh / "rRpjumu oifh udk bm_yKvdkh umuG,fapmifh a@Smuf_cif; r_yKyJ ae&ovJ ? oifh

udk tyfvdkufwJh aemufawmh / oifh [m_zpfae^yDaygh ? oifh todu _c,fvS,fae_yDaygh ? oifvdkcsifwmudk

40

b,folurS 0ifpGwfrSm r[kwfzl; ? 'g'Dpjum0VmjuD;&Jh w&m;oabm_zpfw,f ? oifrusifh yGm;csifawmh

zl;qdk&if / b,folurS oifh udk twif;usifh cdkif;vdkh r_zpfzl; ? raumif;r+ _yKrSmusrSmudk; ? oifh udk

pdwfa_ymif;atmif b,folu twif;vkyfvdkh &rSmvJ ? oifh udk,fYudk,fu vkyfrS_zpfr,f ? *dk%f;wumwdkh

u aumif;Ekd;&m&mawG tukefav#muf,l / b,folh [m rqdk tukefav#mufvufcH / 'Daeh 'gusifh vdkuf /

eufzef[dk[musifh vdkfufeJh [m ? &nf@G,fcsufuawmh a&m*gaysmufapcsifvdkh aygh ? a&m*gaysmuf&Jh vm; ?

raysmufzl; ? a@$hh qdkif;ypfvdkuf_cif;om _zpfw,f ? tqifh _rifh rSm usifh &mrSm / {up&%-wpfckwnf;aom

usihfpOfukdom pGJusihfoGm;&rSm_zpfw,f? usifhpOfwpfckckukdusihfh ^yDqkd&if tJ'DabmifrSmcsnf; pdkufpdkufrwfrwf

usifh oGm;&r,f ? tJ'DrSm aygufawmh rS / Om%fawmfyGifh awmh rS / w_cm;abmifudk a_ymif;usifh vdkh &rSm ?

tJ'Dtcgusawmh w_cm;wbmom _zpfae_yDaygh ?bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh wu,fwrf; vufqifh urf; vmcJh

juwJh OçmwpfpkHqdkwm / ESpfy&dað' jumanmif;pGmu qif;oufvmcJh &wm_zpfwJh t_yif / tawmftwefh

udk@+yfaxG; wJh zGHh^zdK;&ifhoefa&;_zpfpOfudkvJ_zwfoef;vmcJh&wmvJ_zpfw,f ? wcsdKh u udk,fh cHpm;csufudk

rlwnf_yD; usifh aejuw,f ? oifh cHpm;r+qdkwmu bmrdkh vdkh vJ ? bmrS [kwfwmr[kwfzl; ? wu,fh

zGHh^zdK;&ifhoefa&; _zpfpOfu wpf_cm;[if;vif;_yifrSm _zpfw,f ? tifrwefh udk @+yfaxG;odrfarGhqef;ju,f

vSygayw,f ? wpfpufuav;rS vGJvdkh r_zpfzl; ? odrfarGh wJh ud&d,mwefqmyvm awGvdkaygh ? 'd_yif

tpdwftydkif;wpfckck xnfh vdkuf&if ysuf_yDom rSwfayawmh ? [if;vif;_yif toD;oD;wdkh u oifh

udk,fcE<mawG[m a_ymif;vJr+awG _zpfaejuw,f ? odrfarGhqef;ju,fvdkufwm ra_ymeJh awmh ?

wpfpufuav;rS twdrf;tapmif; rcHzl; ? usifh zdkh u udk,fh zufu ? od'<du q&mocifh zufu _zpfajumif;

oifh udk u|efawmfa_ym_yD;_yD r[kwfvm; ? oifh taeeJh olrsm;[mawGudk aygh aygh wefwef,l_yD; / rqDrqdkif

owif;tcsuftvufawGudk udk,fh txJ a&mxnfh vdkufwJh tcg / udk,fh usifh pOftzdkh taESmuft,Suf

_zpf&ygava&m ? 'Dawmh oifhtaeeJh twdrf;tapmif;_zpf& vdrfh r,f ? _yD;awmh omrefvlh tzGJh tpnf;xJudk

vJ a&mif_yef[yfvmapvdrfh r,f ? omrefvlawGjum;u acgif;@+yfp&m_y\emrsdK;awGukdvJ_zpfay:vm

vdrfh r,f ? 'gu b,folr_yK rdrdr+_zpfvdkh / olrsm;awGu0ifwm;vdkh r_zpfzl; ?'guudk,fh [mudkod&r,fh

udpPudk; ?wpfcsdefwnf;rSmoifa&mvdkufwJh [mawGajumifh /oifh pGrf;tifawG uarmufur _zpfukef_yD

_zpfavawmh / oifb,fvdkvkyf usifh rvJ ? tckvdk _y\emrsdK; ay:vmvdrfh r,f ? "rRpjumw&m;awmfudk

oifwdkh roifr_zpfvdkh u|efawmfrqdkvdkzl; ? "rRpjumw&m;awmfudk roifayr,fh / oifh taeeJh 'd_yif usifh

pOfawGrSmvJ wu,fwrf; vufqifh urf;cH&r,fqdk&if / u|efawmfu axmufcHrSmyg? oabmusrSmyg ?

'gayr,fh wu,fwrf; tqifh _rifh qD wufvSrf;usifh yGm;&mrSm / {up&%-wpfckwnf;aomusifh

41

pOfwpfckckudkom pGJusifh oGm;&rSm _zpfajumif;udk u|efawmfa_ymxm;yg&ap ? _yD;awmh cku|efawmfh vdk

wu,fwrf; tqifh _rifh qD usifh pOfvufqifh urf;aewm qdkvdkh aemufwpfa,muf r@Sdajumif;udkvJ

u|efawmfa_ymxm;tyfygw,f ? oifh udk u|efawmfbmawG vkyfay;aeovJ qdkwmudk aemufawmh

oifodvmvdrfh r,f ? 'gh ajumifh oifh taeeJh todw&m;odyfredrfh apzdkh u|efawmfar#mfvifh w,f ?

vlaygif; rsm;pGmwdkh [m tqifh _rifh qD wufvSrf; usifh yGm;csifjuw,f ? 'gudk oifh a@Sh rSm cs_yvm_yD ? oifh

taeeJh &dyfpm;rdcsifrS &dyfpm;rdOD;rSm ? oifh taeeJh aiGukefaju;uscH_yD; q&mocif vdkuf@SmcJh ayr,fh / rawGh

&ao;zl; ? uaeh awmh tdrfwkdif&ma&mufydkh vmae_yD ? oifh taeeJhuawmh t&nfvnfcsifrSvnfrSm?

'guawmh_zifh todw&m;yGihfEdkif-ryGihfEdkif qdkwJh _y\emaygh ? c|wfvdkh &Edkifr&Edkif qdkwJh _y\emvJ

rnfaywmaygh ?

'kwd, ydkh cscsuf

'dAýp=K a&;&m _y\emrsm;

'dAýp=K eJh ywfoufvdkh csdukef;q&mrsm;pGmwdkh vJ wcsdKh wav a_ymcJh juw,f ? 'gayr,f

vdkh w&m;"rRqdkwm rwlwJh tqifh v$mawGrSm _cm;em;wJh _y@kyfoÐmefawG @Sdaejuwm_zpfw,f ? tqifh

wpfckckudk aygufa&mufwJh usifh olwdkh taeeJh tJ'D tqifhv$mu _rifuGif;wkdhavmufudkom awGh

ju_rifju&rSm_zpfw,f ? 'Dtv$mxuf omvGefwJh o@kyfrSefawGudk awmh _rif&rSmr[kwfzl; ? ,HkrSmvJ

r[kwfzl; ? 'gajumifhvJ udk,fh 'Dtqifhv$mrSm awGh_rif&wmawGurS rSefwmvdkh olwdkh txifa&mufae

wwfjurSm_zpfw,f ? ykd_rifhwhJ tqifh _rifh ra&mufcif / olwdkh taeeJhu tJ[kd'gawGqkdwm @Sdaewmr[kwf

/ ,kHp&mvJ r[kwfvdkh xifaewwfjurSm ? 'guawmh olwdkh tqifh v$mu tqHk;t_zwfay;xm;wm _zpfvdkh

/ olwdkh tawG;tac: taeeJhvJ wufrvmEdkif _zpfae&wmudk; ? wenf;tm;_zifh a_ym&&if / 'dAýp=KeJh

ywfoufvdkh 'DvlawGu 'Dvdka_ymvdkufju / [dkvlawGu [dkvdka_ymvdkufjueJh [m a_Amif;ukdqefae

wmaygh? tqHk;usawmh b,folrS @Sif;atmifra_ymwwfjuzl; ? pifppfawmh 'dAýp=Kqdkwm tqifh edrfh rSm

@Sif;atmifa_ymvdkh &wmrsdK;r[kwfzl; ? twdwfu 'dAýp=KzGJh pnf;r+[m v#dKh 0Sufwumh v#dKh 0SufqHk;

_zpfwmrkdh/ omrefvlawGudk odapwmr[kwfvdkh / wav#mufvHk; b,folrS a_ym_cif;qdk_cif;r_yKcJh juzl; ?

'DrSm u|efawmfwdkh uvJ twdwfu oabmw&m;rsdK;awGudk rlwnf_yD; a_ymaewmr[kwfzl; ? 'DudpPeJh

ywfoufvdkh u|efawmfwdkh u acwfodÑHynmwdkh / tvG,fqHk; acwfpum;wdkh udk vufpGJ_yK_yD;

@Sif;_ywm_zpfw,f ? olh t&if;cH _y\emudkvJ a_ymoGm;rSm _zpfw,f ?

42

u|efawmfwdkh a_ymaewJh 'dAýp=Kqdkwmu 'Dvdkyg ? pifppfawmh rsufcHk;ESpfzufjum; tay:

em;uav;uae OD;aESmufxJu xif;@l;oD;yHkudk,feJh qufxm;wJh 'Dae&m[m t"duvrf;ajumif;_zpfw,f ?

udk,fay:rSm rsufpdawG trsm;juD; @Sdaeao;w,f ? Þawmufß *dk%f;u 'Gg&wdkif;[m rsufpdawG _zpfw,f

vdkh qdkw,f ? udk,fay:u aoG;aygufavaygufawGudk Þawmufß *dk%f;u u 'Gg&vdkh ac:ju_yD; ? w@kwf&dk;

&maq;ynmuawmh aoG;aygufavayguf (&$,fa0h)vdkh c:juw,f ? Ak'<*dk%f;uvJ ac|;aygufwdkif;[m

rsufpdawG _zpfw,fvdkh qdkjuw,f ? 'gh ajumifh wcsdKh u em;eJh pmjunfh w,f ? wcsdKh u vufwdkh /

aemufaph wdkh eJh junfh juw,f ? wcsdKh uawmh vJ a_caxmufeJh junfh juw,f ? AdkufeJh junfh juw,f

? tukefjunfh vdkh &wmcsnf;aygh ?

'dAýp=KeJh ywfoufvdkh a_ym&if; / 'DrHop=KtpHk tajumif;udk u|efawmfwdkh t&if aqG;aEG;

wif_yoGm;juygpdkh ? 'DrsufvHk;tpHk[m u|efawmfwdkh 'DuÝmjuD;xJu b,fvkd@kyf0wWK / b,fvkd

tpkdiftcJrsdK;ukd rqkd_rif&Edkifw,fvkdh ckwcsdKh u cH,lxm;juw,f ? 'gh ajumifh vlwcsdKh [m

w,loeft,ltqay:vmw,f ? rsufpdeJh _rif&wmawGurS wu,fh udk [kwfwmrSefwmvdkh

xifaejuw,f ? rawGh&r_rif&wmawGusawmh r,Hkjuzl;aygh ? 'DvdkvlrsdK;awG[m todw&m;nHh

&musw,fvdkh t&ifuwav#mufvkH; txifcHcJh ju&w,f/ bm_zpfvdkh todw&m;nHh&mus&ovJ qdkwmeJh

ywfoufvdkh wcsdKhuvJ @Sif;atmif ra_ymwwfjuzl; ? rawGhr_rif&wmawGudk r,kHygvdkhqdkwm tifrwef

vrf;usraeayvm; ? 'gayr,fh enf;enf;uav; _rifh wJh tqifh uaejunfh r,fqdk&ifawmh vrf;rus

awmh zl;aygh ? b,ftcsdef tmum_yifrqdk @kyf0wWKawGeJh _zpfwnfaewmcsnf; _zpfw,f ? rSefw,f / tcsdef-

tmum_yifcsif;rwl&if rwlovdk @kyf0wWK zGJh pnf;r+awGvJ _cm;em;wwfjuw,f ? ouf@SdawGvJ

yHkyef;oÐmefcsif; uGmwwfjuw,f ?

Oyrma_ym&&if vlom;wkdh&Jh vlh tzGJh tpnf;u _rif_rifor#wdkh [m xifa,mifxifrSm;

t_cif;t&mawGcsnf; _zpfw,f ? vufqkwfvufudkif r[kwfwmawGcsnf; _zpfw,fvdkh Ak'<bmomxJrSm

a_ymaejuw,f ? b,fh ES,fajumifh rsm; xifa,mifxifrSm;t_cif;t&mawGvdkh qdk&wmvJ ? wu,fh udk

twdtus tcdkiftrm @SdaejuwJh t&m0wWKawGudk twkta,mifawGvdkh b,fvlqdkEdkifrvJ ? t&m0wWK

wnf@SdwJh oÐmefu ckvdk_zpfayr,fh / olh &Jh ay:vGifoÐmefuawmh tJ'Dvdk r[kwfzl;av ? u|efawmfwdkh

rsufpdawGu u|efawmfwdkh @kyf0wWK [if;vif;_yifu t&m0wWKawGudk u|efawmfwdkh ck_rifaeju&wJh

t_zpfrsdK;rSm wnf_rJaeatmif zefwD;ay;EdkifpGrf;@Sdw,f ? pifppf 'Dt&m0wWKawG[mckvdkyHkrsdK;r[kwfzl; ?

u|efawmfwdkh 'D[if;vif;_yifrSmvJckvdkyHkrsdK;r[kwfzl; ? Oyrm vlawGudk tEkjunfh rSefbDvl;eJh junfh &if

43

b,fvdkaervJ ? cE<mudk,fjuD; wpfckvHk;[m v+yf@Sm;aewJh oJyGifhuav;awGeJhwlwJh armfvDusL;uav;

awGeJh avsmh&davsmh&J zGJhpnf;_zpfwnfaewm_zpfw,f? tDvufx@GefawGu !luvDudk ywf_yD;

vnfaejuwmaygh ? cE<mudk,f wpfckvHk;[m vGefh vl;ae / v+yf@Sm;aew,f ? udk,ftay:,H

[macsmaewm / a_y_ypfaewm r[kwfzl;? pjum0VmxJu b,fvdkt&m0wWKrsdK;rqdk oHr%d-oH-

ausmufwHk;awGvJ 'Dtwkdif;csnf;yJaygh ? ,if;wkdhtxJu armfvDusL; "mwfpifawG[m

v+yf@Sm;aejuwmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? olh oÐmefwpfckvHk;udk oifr_rif&zl; ? pifppf ,if;wkdh [m

wnf_idrfaewm r[kwfzl; ? 'Dpm;yGJqdk&ifvJ vGefh vl;aewmyJ ? 'gayr,fh rsufpduawmh o@kyfrSefudk

r_rif&zl; ? 'DrsufvHk;tpHku tm@HkarSmufrSm;atmif zefwD;ay;EdkifpGrf;@Sdw,f ?

avmu"mwfi,ft_zpfu t&mawGudk u|efawmfwdkh junfh vdkh r&wmr[kwfzl; ? vlawG

[m ckvdk tpGrf;tprsdK; r@Sdjuwm r[kwfzl; ? tckvkdtpGrf;tprsdK;[m arG;&myg_yD; _zpfw,f ?

wpfpHkwpfckaom avmu"mwfi,f t_zpfu [mawGudk awGh Edkif_rifEdkifw,f ? 'gayr,fh u|efawmfwdkh

vlawGtaeeJh 'D@kyf0wWK [if;vif;_yifu 'DrsufpdtpHkudk &vmwJh aemufusawmh / 'DrsufpdawGu

tm@HkarSmufrSm;atmif / r_rif&atmif zefwD;ay;Edkifvmygava&m ? 'gh ajumifh r_rif& rawGh &wmawGudk

todtrSwf r_yKolawGeJh ywfoufvdkh / 'DvdkvlrsdK;awG[m todw&m;nHh juw,f / omrefvlwdkh &Jh tm@Hk

arSmufrSm;r+awGjum;rSm epfrGef;aejuw,f ? omrefvlawGjum;rSm rsufpdvnfvrf;rSm; _zpfaejuw,fvdkh

usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&; avmutaeeJh wav#mufvHk; cH,lcJh wmvdkh t&ifu qdkcJh juwm_zpfw,f ?

'gbmoma&;xJrSm wav#mufvHk;a_ymvmwJh pum; _zpfw,f ? pifppf u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh a_ym&r,f

qdk&ifvJ vrf;rSefusygayw,fvdkh qdk&rSmygyJ?

'DrsufvHk;tpHk[m u|efawmfwdkh vuf@Sd&kyf0wWK [if;vif;_yifu t&mawGudk ckvdkt_zpfrsdK;

rSm wnf^rJaeapatmif vkyfxm;EdkifwmuvGJvdkh / 'd_yiftpGrf;tp juD;juD;rm;rm;r@Sdawmh zl; ? wpfa,muf

a,muf taeeJh wpfckckudk junfh wJh tcgrSmvJ / rsufpdxJrSm wdkuf@dkufyHkay:wm r[kwfzl; ? rsufpdqdkwm

uifr&mrSefbDvl; oabmrsdK;yJ ? ud&d,mtcef;uom ygaewm ? ta0;csdefwJh tcg / rSefbDvl;qefh xGuf

vm&w,f ? u|efawmfwdkh rsufpdvJ 'DoabmrsdK;yJ ? arSmifxJudk junfh &if/ oli,ftdrfus,fvm&w,f ?

arSmifwJh ae&mrSm "gwfyHk@dkuf&ifvJ tvif;xdef;aygufcsJh ay;&w,f ? Edkh r[kwf&if tvif;_yyrm%

ravmufvdkh yHkawGrJaevdrfh r,f ? t_yifu odyfvif;wJh ae&mrsdK;a&mufwJh tcg / oli,ftdrf t_refusKHh

oGm;vdrfh r,f ? Edkh r[kwf&if rsufpdusdef;_yD; bmrS aumif;aumif;_rif&rSm r[kwfzl; ? uifr&mvJ 'Doabm

44

yJ ? tvif;xdef;ayguf usOf;ay;&r,f ? ,if; [m t&m0wWK&Jh yHkudkom zrf;vkdh&w,f / ud&d,m wpfckom

_zpfw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh ypPnf;wpfck / vlwpfa,mufudk _zpfap / t&m0wWKwpfck&Jh wnfaeyHk

udk _zpfap wu,fjunfh wJh tcg / OD;aESmufrSm yHkay:vmwm_zpfw,f ? wenf;qdkawmh / rsufpdeJh t&if

junfh / _yD;rS t_riftm@Hkajumuae_yD; / OD;aESmuf aemufbuf_crf;u xif;@l;oD;yHk udk,fh qDudka&muf /

tJ'DusrS yHkay:vmwm _zpfw,f ? 'gu bm_yaeovJ qdk&if wu,fwrf;yHkay:_yD; _rifvm&wm[m /

u|efawmfwdkh OD;aESmufxJu xif;@l;oD;yHkudk,f _zpfw,fqdkwmyJ ? 'Dtcsufudk acwfaq;ynm taeeJh vJ

odvmae_yD ?

u|efawmfwdkh a_ymaejuwJh 'dAýp=Kaygufa&;qdkwmuawmh xif;@l;oD;yHkudk,f taeeJh

t_riftm@Hkajumudk a@Smif_yD; / t_yifudk wdkuf@dkufjunfh Edkifapatmif / rsufcHk;ESpfckjum;rSm vrf;ajumif;wpf

ck zGifh ay;oGm;zdkh _zpfw,f ? 'dAýp=KyGifh a&; qdkwm'gaygh ? 'geJh ywfoufvdkh wcsdKh u Þ'gvJ vufawGh

rusao;zl; ? 'DrsufvHk;tpHku ud&d,mt_zpf oHk;Edkifao;wmyJ[m ? t&m0wWKwdkh &Jh yHkudk zrf;Edkifao;

wmyJ[m ? olr@Sdvdkh b,f_zpfygh rvJ ß vdkh xifaumif;xifjuvdrfh r,f ? 'Dxif;@l;oD;yHkudk,f&Jh a@Sh buf

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qkwf,kwffae^yD_zpfwJh rsufvHk;qdkwmeJh ywfoufvdkh / u|efawmfwdkh usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&; avmuu

xdrfcsefoabmxm;cH,lxm;juw,f / c|if;csufxm;aejuw,f ? 'gayr,hf b,fvdkyJ a_yma_ymaygh av/

vlh OD;aESmufxJrSm rsufpdwpfvHk; @Sdaeajumif;udk acwfaq;ynmtaeeJh odvmae_yDav ? u|efawmfwdkh

zGifh ay;rJh vrf;ajumif;[m tJ'Dae&meJhwnfh aeavawmh acwfaq;ynmt_rifeJh tHudkuf_zpfaewmaygh ?

'DrsufvHk;[mu|efawmfwdkh rHorsufvHk;wdkh vdk tm@HkarSmufrSm;apatmif vkyfrSm r[kwfzl; ? _yD;awmh

t&mudpPwdkh &Jh Zmwdoabmudka&m / @kyf0wWKwdkh &Jh Zmwdoabmudkyg _rifEdkifpGrf;@Sdw,f ? 'gh ajumifh

'dAýp=K tqifh tifrwef_rifh olwdkh taeeJh u|efawmfwdkh tmum_yifuae^yD; 'd_yif tcsdef - [if;vif;_yifwdkh

udk _rif&Edkifw,f ? omrefvlawG r_rif&EdkfifwJh _rifuGif;awGudk _rif&Edkifw,f ? 'dAýp=Ktqifh r_rifh olwdkh

usawmh / eH&HuG,faewmawGudk _rif&_cif; ? udk,fwGif;t*FgawGudk _rif&_cif;wdkh vdk azmufxGif;pGrf;&nf

awGeJh _ynfh pHkvmwwfjuw,f ?

Ak'<*kd%f;u rHop=Ktm@Hk-tmump=Ktm@Hk-ynmp=Ktm@Hk-"rRp=Ktm@Hk-Ak'<p=Ktm@Hk

qdkwJh p=Ktm@Hk ig;yg;tajumif; a_ymavha_ymx@Sdjuw,f ? 'DtqifhjuD;ig;qifh t_yif / tqifh

wdkif;tqifh wdkif;rSmvJtxuf-tvwf-tedrfh qdk_yD; oHk;qifhxyfcGJvdkufao;w,f ? Þawmufß *kd%f;

45

uawmh udk;udk;vD@Spfq,fhwpfqifhaom"rRp=Krsm;tajumif;udk a_ymavha_ymx @Sdjuw,f ?

u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh trsm;wumwdkh udk 'dAýp=KzGifh ay;&mrSm / tmump=Ktm@Hkatmuf a&mufatmifzGifh

ay;rSm r[kwfzl; ? bm_yKvdkh vJ qdkawmh oifwdkh taeeJh 'DrSmxdkif_yD; pusifh aeju_yD _zpfayr,fh /

omrefvlawGjum;rSm a_cvSrf;vSrf;p @Sdao;w,f r[kwfvm; ? omrefvlwdkh &Jh pGJvrf;pdwfawG trsm;juD;

@Sdaejuwkef; r[kwfvm; ? rc|wf&ao;zl; r[kwfvm; ? wu,fvdkh tmump=Ktm@Hk tqifh atmuftxd

zGifh ay;vdkufr,fqdk&if / oifwdkh taeeJh omrefvlawG xifaejuwJh pGrf;tifxl;awG ay:vmjuvdrfh r,f ?

eH&H[dkbufu[mawGudk _rifvm&vdrfh r,f ? udk,fwGif;t*FgawGudk _rifvm&vdrfh r,f ? u|efawmfwdkh

taeeJh 'DpGrf;&nfudk us,fus,f_yefh _yefh vufqifh urf;oGm;r,fqdk&if /vlwdkif;vlwdkif;udkckvdk /

yrm%rsdK;xdatmif 'dAýp=KzGifh ay;oGm;r,fqdk&if/omrefvlh tzGJh tpnf;udk _yif;_yif;xefxef

taESSmuft,Suf _yK&musvdrfh r,f ? omrefvlh tzGJh tpnf; ta_ctaeudk zsufqD;&m usvdrfh r,f ? EdkifiHh

v#dKh 0SufcsufawGudk xdef;odrf;xm;vdkh &rSm r[kwfawmh zl; ? vlawG tuôs0wf0wf / r0wf0wf xl;rSm

r[kwfawmhzl; ? tdrfxJuvlawGudk t_yifuae twdkif;om; _rifae&rSm _zpfw,f ? vrf;xGufwJh

tcgqdk&ifvJ / uHprf;xD yxrqkawG oifh vufxJ tukefa&mufcsif a&mufukefrSm? 'Dvdkqdk b,f_zpfrvJ ?

pOf;pm;junfh juprf;yg ? vlwdkif;vlwdkif;om tmump=Ktm@Hk aygufolawG _zpfae&if / vlhtzGJh tpnf;

[kwfygao;&Jh vm; ? vlh tzGJh tpnf;tzdkh _yif;_yif;xefxef taESmuft,Suf_zpfapwmrsdK;udk tvsif;cGifh

r_yKEdkifzl; ? wu,fvdkh oifh udk u|efawmfwu,fh udk 'Dtqifh txd 'dAýp=KzGifh ay;vdkuf&if / oif[m

csufcsif;vufiif;qdkovdk tckd;usihfpOfq&mt_zpf cH,laumif; cH,lvmvdrfh r,f ? wcsdKhuqkd&if

t&ifuwnf; utckd;usihfpOf q&mvkyfcsifaewm /ckvdk 'dAýp=KyGifh vm_yDqdkawmh tawmfyJaygh? a&m8g

ukEdkifvma&maygh ? 'Dawmh oifh udk u|efawmfvrf;vGJydkh vdkuf&m rusayvm; ?

'g_zpf&if / b,ftqifh avmuftxd zGifh ay;&if aumif;rvJ ? ynmp=Ktm@Hktqifh xd

atmif u|efawmfwpfcgwnf; zGifh ay;vdkufr,f ? tqifh _rifh qD zGifh ay;&atmifu oifh taeeJh

pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; rvHkavmufao;zl; ? atmuftqifh qD zGifh ay;_yef&if / omrefvlwkdh&Jh vlh tzGJh tpnf;

ta_ctaeudk _yif;_yif;xefxef zsufqD;&musr,f ? ynmp=Ktm@Hk tqifh rSm zGifh ay;vdkuf&ifawmh / oifh

taeeJh eH&H_cm;aewmudk r_rif& / udk,fwGif;t*FgawGudk r_rif&EdkifayrJh / w_cm;[if;vif;_yifawG

wnf@SdaewJh _rifuGif;udkawmh awGh&_rif&Edkifvdrfh r,f ? bmaumif;usdK;@SdovJ qdk&if / usifh

yGm;tm;xkwf&mrSm oifh udk ,Hkjunfpdwf cdkifrmvmaprSm _zpfw,f ? omrefvlawG r_rif&wmawGudk

oif{ueftrSef wyftyf_rif& awGh &vmvdrfh r,f ? ,if;wkdh[m wu,fh udk @Sdaeygvm; qdkwmudk oifod

46

vmvdrfh r,f ? ck/ aumif;aumif;_rif&-_rif& / r_rif&-r_rif& / tukef'Dtqifh rSm zGifh ay;vdkufr,f ?

oifwdkh usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&;tzdkh tusdK;@SdrSm_zpfw,f ? w&m;awmfudk wu,fwrf; tm;xkwfolwdkh

taeeJh / pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;wufatmif udk,fh udkudk,f wif;wif;usyfusyf juyfrwfEdkifjur,f qdk&if /

'Dpmtkyfudk junfh _cif;tm;_zifh vJ tvm;wl aus;Zl;cHpm;ju&rSm _zpfw,f ?

'dAýp=Ktqifh udk tqHk;t_zwfay;wm bmvJ ? oifh udk 'dAýp=KzGifh ay;vdkufwJh aemufrSm

tukef_rif&a&mwJh vm; ? 'Dvdk r[kwfzl; ? tqifh cGJr+ @Sdao;w,f ? 'g_zifh 'Dtqifh udk b,f[mu tqHk;t

_zwfay;aeovJ ? tajumif;oHk;&yf@Sdw,f ? yxrtajumif;&yfu ? 'dAýp=KtaeeJh twGif;uae t_yif

txd cGifwpfck @Sdae&r,f ? tJ'gudk tckd;tqDtESpfvdkh ac:w,f ? bmrsm; tusdK;@SdovJ qdkawmh / @kyf-

oHpufu zefom;_yifvdkaygh ? rD;pkef;r+efh ryg&if / pufzGifh vdkufwJh tcg / rD;vHk;om_zpfaewmrdkh

vif;omae_yD; / yHk@SdrSm r[kwfzl; ? rD;pkef;r+efh ygbmrSom / t@kyfay:vmrSm _zpfw,f ? rSefw,f ? 'DOyrmu

'Davmuf qDavsmfvSwmawmh r[kwfzl; ? bm_yKvdkh vJ qdkawmh u|efawmfwdkh u wdkuf@dkufjunfh wm ?

olh [mu zefom;_yifuwqifh t@kyfay:&wmudk; ? oabmuawmh 'grsdK;qdkygawmh ? 'Dtckd;tqDtESpfwdkh

[m tifrwd tifrwefh udk tzdk;teË xdkufwefvSygayw,f ? yg&rDukodkvfawGuae tqDxkwf,lxm;wJh

t&nftaoG; ydk_yD;eknufodrfarGh vSwJh _'yfawGeJh zGJhpnf;_zpfwnfaewmawG_zpfw,f? tJ'Dtckd;tqDtESpf

awG[m wpfa,mufeJh wpfa,muf wlwmr[kwfzl; ? tqifh csif;wlwmrsdK;qdkvdkh vlwpfaomif;avmufrSm

ESpfa,mufavmuf @Sdaumif;@Sdvdrfh r,f ?

'dAýp=Ktqifh [m u|efawmfwdkh 'Dpjum0Vm twGif;u w&m;"rR&Jh wdkuf@dkufay:vGifr+

_zpfw,f ? ,if;[m omrefvGef_zpfwmrdkh / vlh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;eJh odyfodyfonf;onf; pyfqkdifaew,f?

tjuifol&Jh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; edrfh &if olh tqifh vJ edrfhawmhwmaygh ? pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; edrfh avawmh olh

tckd;tqDtESpfawGvJ _y,fukefwm enf;rSmr[kwfzl; ? tjuifol[m pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;_rihfol_zpf&if / vlh

tzGJh tpnf;xJrSmi,f&mujuD;vmwJh txd / *k%fwdkh / tusdK;t_rwfwdkh / wpfa,mufeJh wpfa,mufjum;u

yãdy=wdkh/ ykívdutusdK;wdkh / oHa,mZOftaxGaxG-&ruftzkHzkHwkdhukd tifrwefukd ayghayghoabmxm;

vmcJhwmeJhtr# ? olh tckd;tqDtESpfawG[m tawmfuav; usefaumif;usefaevdrfh r,f ? 'gh ajumifh

'dAýp=KzGifh ay;vdkufwJh tcg cyfoJoJuGJuGJ _rif&Edkifwmaygh ? a_cmufESpfom;atmuf uav;awGqdk&if zGifh

ay;vdkufwJh tcg txif;om;t@Sif;om; _rifju&wmaygh ? zGifh &vJ vG,fw,f ? pum;wpfcGef;avmufeJh

yGifh vmygava&m ?

47

omrefvlwkdh&Jh vlh tzGJh tpnf;u a&pD;ajumif;juD;wdkh / ta&mifqdk;aq;pnfjuD;wdkh jum;rSm

pGef;xif;npf ayaeju&avawmh um / vlawG taumif;xifaejuwJh udpPqkdwm[m pifpifrSm;wmawG

wpfyHkjuD;yJ ? vlawG[m olol udk,fudk,f aumif;aumif;pm;csifjuwmcsnf; r[kwfvm;? 'Dawm olrsm;udk

tusdK;,kwfapatmif vkyfrdaumif;vkyfrdvdrfh r,f ? udk,fh wpfudk,faumif;pdwfudk tm;ay; tm;a_rSmuf_yK

&m usaumif;usvdrfh r,f ? olrsm;tusdK;udktydkifpD;rd&m usaumif;usvdrfh r,f ? olrsm;udktEdkifusifh rd&m

usaumif;usvdrfhr,f ? olrsm;udk epfematmifvkyfrd&m usaumif;usvdrfh r,f ? udk,fusdK;twGuf

omrefvlawGjum;rSm udk,fh zuf,ufvm; _yKvm; / cGufapmif; ckwfvm;_yKvm; vkyfaumif;vkyfrdjuvdrfh

r,f ? 'Dawmh pjum0VmjuD;&Jh *k%fowWdxl;eJh zDvmwdkufraeayvm; ? 'gh ajumifh vlawG rSefw,fvdkh

xifwmawG[m rSefcsifrS rSefrSm ? uav;awGudk vljuD;awGu qHk;rwJh tcg / aemifvlh tzGJh tpnf;xJrSm

&yfwnfEdkifygapawmh qdk_yD; / Þenf;enf;avmufawmh vnfrSaygh uGJh ß vdkh i,fi,fuwnf;u

oifay;wwfjuw,f ? Þvnf_cif; ß qdkwm u|efawmfwdkh 'Dpjum0VmxJrSm junfh OD;awmh rSm;ae_yD ? bmh

ajumifhvJqdkawmh olhobm0eJhtnDvkdufavsmnDaxG _zpfa&;udk u|efawmfwdkhu vdkvm;juw,f

r[kwfvm;? 'Dawmh udk,fusdK;udk ayghaygh oabmxm;rSaygh ? Þvnf_cif; ß qdkwmu udk,fusdK;

twGufr[kwfvm; ? Þapmfum;cH&&if / olq&mudkwdkif ? olh rdbawGudk wdkifß ? ÞydkufqHawGh &if

aumuf,lß vdkh oifay;avh @Sdjuw,f ? i,f&mujuD;vm&if; uav;taeeJh vufcH wmawGrsm;vmwJh

tcg / omrefvlwkdh&Jh vlh tzGJh tpnf;xJrSmwudk,faumif;pdwfawG w_znf;_znf;yGm;onfxufyGm;vmvdrfh

r,f ? tacsmifE+dufwwfvmvdrfh r,f ? 'Dawmh yg&rDukodkvf awG qHk;yg;&rSm_zpfw,f ?

yg&rDukodkvf awGqHk;yg;_yDvdkh qdk&mrSm _y,faysmufoGm;_cif;r[kwfyJ / wpfzufom;qDudk

ul;a_ymif; a&muf@Sdukefwm _zpfw,f ? 'gayrJh ckvkdtckd;tqDtESpfawGuawmh _y,faysmufukefvdrfh r,f ?

wu,fvdkh vlwpfa,muf[mi,fi,fuaejuD;vmwJh txd / odyfvnf&if / udk,fusdK;odyfjunfh &if /

b,folaoao-iawrm_yD;a&mqdk&if / 'DvkdvlrsdK;taeeJh 'dAýp=KyGifhwJhtcg [efrSm r[kwfzl; ?

aumif;aumif;_rif&rSm r[kwfzl; / 'gayr,fhvJ aemufaemif wpfoufvHk; [efawmh rSm r[kwf qdkwJh

oabmrsdK;awmh r[kwfzl; ? bm_yKvdkh vJ qdkawmh / u|efawmfwdkh u udk,fh yifudk Zpf_rpf tppftrSefqD

_yefa&mufzdkh twGuf usifh yGm;tm;xkwfaejuwm _zpfavawmh / wpfzufu usifh &if; wpfzufuvJ

[maewmukd _yef_znfhvmaprSm_zpfovkd/ _znfhpGufvkdhvJay;oGm;rSm _zpfvdkh udk; ? 'gh ajumifh pdwf&nf

pdwfaoG;udk *@kpdkufju&vdrfhr,f ? wpfpkwaygif;wnf; wufvma&;/ wpkwaygif;wnf; _rifhvma&;ukd

u|efawmfwdkh u tav;wif;juw,f ? pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;wufvm_yDqdk&if / 'd_yif[mawGvJ

48

tukefvdkuf_yD; wufvmjuawmhrSmaygh ? pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;wufrvm&ifawmh 'dAýp=Ku tckd; tqDtESpf

awGvJ _yef_ynfh vmrSm r[kwfzl; ? oabmuawmh 'gyJ ?

'kwd, tajumif;&yfuawmh / udk,fh [mudk,f usifh wJh tcg / yg&rD "mwfcHaumif;&if

'dAýp=KvJ yGifh vmEdkifw,f ? wcsdKh qdk&if 'dAýp=KyGifh prSm vefh zsefh (zsyf) ukefwwfjuw,f ? bm_yKvdkh

txdwfwvefh _zpf&ovJqdkawmh / rsm;aomtm;_zifh noef;acgif vla_cwdwfcsdefrSm usifh wwfjuw,f

r[kwfvm; ? usifh &if; usifh &if;eJh udk,fh a@Sh rSm rsufvHk;juD; wpfvHk;awGh &wJhtcg/ xckefrdrwwfudk

xdwfvefh wjum; _zpfwwfvkdh_zpfw,f? tJh'Dup^yD; xyfrusifh 0Hh avmufatmif ajumufoGm;wwfju

w,f? enf;wJh rsufvHk;juD; r[kwfygvm; ? vludk rsufawmifwcwfcwfeJh pdkufjunfh aevdkufwm

txif;om;t&Sif;om;}uD;ukd awGhae&w,fav? ajumufp&mjuD;aygh / 'ghajumifh bDvl;rsufvHk;vdkh ac:vkd

ac:ju ? Ak'<rsufvHk;vdkh ac:vkd ac:jueJhtrsdK;rsdK;ac:aejuw,f ? pifppf 'DrsufvHk;[m oifh udk,fY&Jh

rsufvHk;aygh ? rSefw,f / usifh zdkh u udk,fh zufu / od'<du q&mocifh zufuudk; ? usifh olwdkh &Jh

usihf&nfusihfaoG; zGHh _zdK;&ifh oefa&; _zpfpOfwpf&yfvHk;[m / w_cm;[if;vif;_yifrSm tifrwef @+yfaxG;wJh

_zpfpOfwpf&yf _zpfw,f ? 'd_yif [if;vif;_yifwpfckwnf; b,furvJ / [if;vif;_yif tvHk;pHkwdkh u /

[if;vif;_yif toD;oD;wdkh u cE<mudk,fawGvJ tukefa_ymif;vJ aejuwmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? oifh taeeJh

udk,fh [mudk vkyfvdkh &rvm; ? r&zl; ? 'DudpPawGudk q&mocifu pDpOfay;wm _zpfw,f ? q&mocifu

vkyfay;aewm_zpfw,f ? 'gh ajumifh usifh zdkh u udk,fh zufu / od'<du q&mocifh zufu vdkh qdkwm ? oifh

taeeJh u ckvdkqê@Sd&if / ckvdk pOf;pm;wwf&if _yD;wmyJ ?tJ[dkudpPawGudk wu,fwrf; vkyfay;aewm

uawmh q&mocifaygh ?

wcsdKh uqkd&if udk,fh [mudk,f usifh &if; 'dAýp=KyGifh vmjuwm_zpfw,f ? oifh rsufvHk;vdkh

u|efawmfwdkh u qdkw,f ? 'gayr,fh oifudk,fh [mudk zefwD;,lvdkh r&zl; ? wcsdKh qdk&if q&mocif@Sdw,f ?

oifh 'dAýp=KyGifh wmudk awGh &wJh tcg q&mocifu rsufpdwpfvHk; zefqif;ay;a&m ? tJ'gudk

rsufvHk;tppfvdkh ac:w,f ? rSefw,f / wcsdKh usawmh q&mocif r@Sdzl; ? 'gayr,fh wcsdKh usawmh vrf;juHK

q&mocif @Sdaejuw,f ? bk&m;r@SdwJh ae&mqdkvdkh @Sdudk r@Sdvdkh Ak'<*kd%f;u qdkw,f ? bk&m;awGqdkwm

ae&mwum@Sdaewm ? 'Dtxdrsm;wm qdkwJh oabmaygh ? wcsdKh uawmh vJ oHk;ayavmufu acgif;ay:rSm

bk&m;awG ewfawG @Sdjuw,fvdkh qdkw,f ? rsm;vGef;vSygbd qdkwJh oabmaygh ? oifusifh wm rqdk;wJh

tavsmuf / 'dAýp=KvJ yGifh vmaerSef; / rsufvHk;om vdkaerSef;awGh &wJh tcg / c&D;juHKq&mocifu

rsufvHk;wpfvHk; zefqif;ay;vdrfh r,f ? 'gvJ oifudk,fh [mudk,f usifh wmvdkh wGufw,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdk

49

awmh vlawGudk c|wf&mrSm pnf;urf;csufxm;_cif; / tzdk;tc yrmxm;_cif;/ vmbfvmbwkdh-*k%fwkdh

ar#mfukd;_cif;r&Sdvkdhukd; ? omrefvlawGjum;u pH_yykídKvf awGxuf tyHkjuD; _rifh _rwfaywmaygh ? vkH;vkH;ukd

arwWm *@k%m a&Shxm;^yD;aqmif@Gufjuwmudk; ?

'dAýp=KyGifh wJh aemufrSm / ta_ctae wpf&yfay:xGufvmvdrfh r,f ? tJ'guawmh tvif;

a&mifajumifh rsufpdusdef;vdrfh r,f ? pifppf oifh rsufpdusdef;wm r[kwfzl; ? oifh xif;@l;oD;yHk

udk,fusdef;wmudk oifuoifh rsufpd usdef;aeovdk xifaewm ? ckvkd_zpfae&wmuawmh oif'Drsufpdtppf

r@Sdao;vdkh aygh ? 'Drsufpdtppf &vmwJh tcgus&if / oifrsufpdusdef;rSm r[kwfawmh zl; ? u|efawmfwdkh usifh

olwcsdKh taeeJh 'Drsufpdtppfudk cHpm;rdjuvdrfh r,f / _rifju&vdrfh r,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJ qdkawmh / ,if;eJh

pjum0Vmwdkh [m yifudk,fobm0csif; wlaejuvdkh udk; ? ,if;uodyf@dk;pif;wm / odyfodcsifwmqdkawmh /

oifh 'dAýp=KyGifh &Jh vm;/ _rif&Jh vm;qdkwmudk odcsifaZmeJh txJudk vSef;vSef;junfh wwfw,f ? oifh

'dAýp=KuvJ yGifh vmcdkuf / ,if;uvJ oifh udk junfh aecdkufeJh juHKjudKufwJh tcg / oif@kwfw&uf vefh

oGm;wwfwmaygh ? pifppf 'goifh rsufvHk;aygh ? aemufqdk 'DrsufvHk;eJh junfh oGm;&awmh rSmaygh ?

'DrsufvHk;om r@Sd&if / 'dAýp=KyGifh vmwJh wdkifatmif oifbmrSjunfh vdkh &rSm r[kwfzl; ?

wwd, tajumif;&yfuawmh / tqifh ausmfvGefvmwJh tcg [if;vif;_yiftoD;oD;u

_cm;em;r+awG ay:xGufvm_cif;yJ ? 'gurS tqifh udk wu,fwrf; tqHk;t_zwfay;rJh _y\em_zpfw,f ?

t&m0wWKawGudk junfh &mrSm vrf;ajumif;rjuD;uvGJvdkh / vrf;ajumif;oG,fuav;awGvJ trsm;juD; @Sd

ao;w,f ? ac|;aygufwdkif;[m rsufvHk;awGcsnf;yJvdkh Ak'<*kd%f;u qdkjuw,f ? Þawmufß *dk%f;uvJ

udk,fay:u 'Gg&rSefor# rsufvHk;awGcsnf;yJvdkh qdkjuw,f ? wenf;qdkawmh aoG;aygufavaygufrSefor#

rsufvHk;awGcsnf;yJ qdkwJh oabmaygh ? rSefw,fav/ olwdkh a_ymwmawGuqkd&ifvJ/ cE<mudk,fuw&m;"rR

wpf_zpfa_ymif;vJr+ oÐmefwpf&yf_zpfw,f ? cE<mudk,frSm junfh vdkh r&wJh ae&m&,fvkdhr&Sd qkdwJhoabm

aygh?

u|efawmfwdkh a_ymjuwJh tqifh [m 'geJh rwlao;zl; ? vrf;ajumif;rjuD;uvGJvdkh / rsufcHk;

ESpfzuf tay:rSmeJh rsufv$mtxuf-atmufwdkh rSma&m / qefuif (Shangen) trSwfae&m wdkhrSmyg /

y"meuswJh vrf;ajumif;oG,f uav;awG @Sdao;w,f ? tqifh ausmfvGefa&; _y\emudk ,if;wdkh u

tqHk;t_zwf ay;juwm _zpfw,f ? rSefw,f / omrefusifh olwdkh taeeJh 'Dae&mawGrSm tukef_rifEdkif&if /

ausmfvGefwJh tqifh tifrwef_rifh ae_yDaygh ? wcsdKh qdk&if rHop=KeJh vJ junfh vdkh &juw,f ? 'DrsufvHk;

50

awGvJ usifh _yD;_yD_zpfvdkh / pGrf;&nftrsdK;rsdK;ehJ _ynfh pHkaeju_yD ? 'gayr,fh 'DrsufvHk;udk oHk;wmr[kwf&if /

'D[m_rif&ayr,fh / [dk[mukdawmhr_rif& _zpfaewwfw,f ? 'gvJ r_zpfao;zl; ? 'gh ajumifh wcsdKh u 'Dzuf

rsufvHk;eJh 'Dzufudk junfh _yD; / [dkzufrsufvHk;eJh [dkzufudk junfhjuw,f ? 'Drsufpd (nmrsufpd)

atmufrSmawmh vrf;ajumif;oG,fav;r@Sdzl; ? 'gu w&m;"rReJh wdkuf@dkufpyfqdkifaevkdhudk; ? vlawG

raumif; wmvkyfjuwJh tcg nmbufrsufvHk;udk oHk;avh @Sdjuw,f ? 'gh ajumifh nmbufrsufvHk;

atmufrSm vrf;ajumif;oG,f r@Sdzl; ? 'gu avmuDwGif;usifh a&;rSm xGufay:vmwJh y"mevrf;ajumif;

oG,fwcsdKh tajumif;_zpfw,f ?

tifrwef_rifh wJh tqifh a&mufwJh tcg / avmuDxGuf usifh pOfa&mufwJh tcg / rsufpdwGJ

vdk rsufvHk;rsdK;vJ ay:vmvdrfh r,f ? b,fvkdvJqdkawmh rsufESmwpfckvHk;&Jh txufydkif;rSm rsufvHk;juD;

wpfvHk; ay:vmvdrfh r,f ? txJrSm rsufvHk;uav;awG ra&rwGufEdkifatmif ygvmvdrfh r,f ? wcsdKh

tifrwef_rifh wJh Om%fawmf@SifjuD;awG usifh yGm;tm;xkwfvdkufjuwJh rsufvHk;awGqdkwm txl;wvnfudk

rsm;vSygayw,f ? wpfrsufESmvHk; _ynfh vdkh aygh ? @Sd@Sdor# rsufpdawG[m tJ'DrsufvHk;juD;u ae_yD; junfh

juvdrfh r,f ? bmudk junfh csif&if bmudk awGh &rSm_zpfw,f / wpfcgwnf; junfh vdkuf@HkeJh tqifh

cyfodrf;udk tukef_rif&_yD;om; _zpf&ygava&m ? ck / wd&ðmef aA'ynm@SifawGeJh ydk;r$m;aA' ynm@Sifwdkh

[m ,ifaumifudk okawoe _yKaejuw,f ? ,ifaumif rsufvHk;u tjuD;juD;yJ ? tEkjunfh rSefa_ymif;eJh

junfh vdkuf&if txJrSm ra&rwGufEdkfifavmufatmif rsm;vSwJh rsufvHk;uav;awG awGh &w,f ? tJ'gudk

rsufpdwGJvdkh ac:juw,f ? tifrwefh udk _rifh wJh tqifh a&mufwJh tcg tJ'Dvdk t_zpfrsdK;ay:vmp&m @Sdw,f

? wxm*w xuf tyHkjuD; tyHkjuD;udk _rifh ygrSom ay:vmp&m @Sdw,f ? omrefvlwdkh uawmh

r_rif&zl;aygh? omreftqifh wdkh taeeJhvJ ,if;&Jh wnf@Sdr+udk r_rif&juzl; ? yHkrSefvlawGvdk twdkif;om

_rifae&rSm _zpfw,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJ qdkawmh ,if;u w_cm;[if;vif;_yifrSm rdkh vdkh udk; ? 'gu tqifh

ausmfvGefa&;udk / wenf;qdkawmh [if;vif;_yif toD;oD;okdh aygufa&mufa&;ukd &Sif;_ywm_zpfw,f?

'dAýp=KzGJh pnf;yHkeJh ywfoufvdkh u|efawmfta_ccHtm;_zifh tjurf;zsif; a_ym_y_yD;_yD ? oifh

udk u|efawmfwdkhu t_yiftm;eJh 'dAýp=KzGifh ay;wmtawmfuav; _refvJ_ref / vG,fvJvG,fw,f ?

'dAýp=Ktajumif;awGudk u|efawmfa_ymaewJh tcgrSm / oifwdkh vlwdkif;vlwdkif; ezl;awG wif;vm /

tom;awG usKHhvm^yD; / txJudk pl;eJh tazmufcH&ovdk cHpm;rdju&vdrfh r,f ? tJovdk [kwfju&Jh vm; /

tJovdkaygh ? 'DrSm wu,fh udkom tpGJukdcs_yD; "rRpjumw&m;awmf vmoif,ljuolrSef&if / vlwdkif;vlwdkif;

cHpm;rdjurSm csnf;yJ ? txJudk pl;eJh azmufovdk azmuf&mrSm t_yiftm;u odyfjuD;wm ? u|efawmfwdkh u

51

oifh udk 'dAýp=KyGihfapzkdh oufouf_zpfwJh pGrf;tifydkh v$wf_yD;zGifh ay;aewm ? wpfcsdefwnf;rSm "rRpjumawG

v$wf_yD;awmh vJ oifh 'dAýp=Kudk _yef_yifay;aewm ? 'dAýp=Ktajumif;a_ymaewJh tcgrSm / u|efawmfwdkh

u "rRpjumw&m;awmfusifh olrSefor#ukd / vlwdkif;vlwdkif;zGifh ay;oGm;rSm_zpfw,f ? 'gayr,fh

vlwdkif;vlwdkif;aumif;aumif; _rifcsifrS_rifrSm ? vlwkdif;vlwkdif; _rifcsifrSvJ_rif&rSm? 'gu oifhudk,fYeJh

wdkuf@dkufoufqdkifaewm ? udpPr@Sdzl; ? oifr_rif&vJ udpPr@Sdzl; ? w_znf;_znf;usifh oGm;&if _yD;wmyJ ?

oiftqifh _rifh _rifh vmwmeJh tr# / wpfpwpfp_rifvm&vdrfh r,f ? aumif;aumif;r_rif&muae

wpfpwpfp aumif;aumif;_rifvm&vdrfh r,f ? oifh taeeJh om usifh ygav / pdwf'Hk;'Hk;omcs_yD; usifh ygav

/ oifqHk;@+H;aeor# tukef_yef&vmrSmcsnf;_zpfw,f ?

udk,fh [mudk,f 'dAýp=KyGifh atmif usifh wm tawmfuav; cufw,f ? udk,fh [mudk,f

'dAýp=KyGifh atmif usifhyHk wcsdKh tajumif;udk u|efawmfa_ym_yr,f ? Oyrmqkdygawmh wcsdKh taeeJh

urRõmef;xdkif&if;/ ezl;ukd-'dAýp=Kukd junfhwJh tcg / ezl;rSm arSmifae_yD; bmrSukdr@Sdvdkh cHpm;rdwwfju

w,f? jumawmh ezl;rSm w_znf;_znf; _zLvmw,fvkdh olcHpm;rdvmvdrfh r,f ? wpfcsdefavmuf usifh rdwJh

tcg ezl;rSm w_znf;_znf; vif;vm / 'daemuf teDa&mifoef;vmwmudk olawGh vm&vdrfh r,f ?

tJ'Dtcgus&if ,if;[m yef;vkdyGihfvmvdrfhr,f / @kyf@Sif / @kyf-oH wdkh rSmawGh&ovkd w'*FtwGif; yef;ikHvdk

yGifh vmvdrfh r,f? tJ'Dvdk _rifuGif;rsdK; ay:vmvdrfh r,f ? tJh'DteDa&mif[m e*dku nDaewm/

wpfcecsif;qdkyJ tv,fuae azgif;juGvm_yD; / yGifh_yD;&if;yGihf / yGifh_yD;&if;yGihf vmygava&m ?

tqkH;wkdifyGihfapatmif udk,fh[mudk,fom vkyfoGm;&&if / @SpfESpf q,frdk;avmuf yifyef;cHOD;awmh

zwfzwfarmt_zpfrsdK;avmufom tzwfwif&rSm? bm_yKvdkh vJ qdkawmh 'dAýp=KwpfckvHk; tukefqdkh

aewmudk; ?

wcsdKhusawmh 'dAýp=Kqdkh raezl; ? vrf;ajumif;vJ@Sdaew,f ? 'gayr,fh usifhvJrusifh / pGrf;

tifvJ@Sdaewm r[kwfvdkh / olh taeeJh usifh vmwJh tcgus&if / t0dkif;oÐmef rJrJt&m0wWK wpfck @kwfw

&uf rsufpda@Sh rSm ay:vmvdrfh r,f ? usifh &if;usifh &if;eJh / ,if;[mwpfpwpfp _zLvm / _zL&muae wpfp

wpfp vif;vmvdkufwm / aemufqHk;rSm rsufpdenf;enf;usdef;avmufwJh txdvif;onfxufvif;vmrSm

_zpfw,f ? wcsdKh ua_ymjuw,f ? Þigaeudk _rif&_yD ß / Þigvudk _rif&_yD ß wJh ? pifppf aeudka&m vudka&m

oif_rif&wmr[kwfzl; ? 'g_zifh oif_rif&wmu bmvJ ? oifh 'Dvrf;ajumif;juD;aygh ? wcsdKh qdk&if tqifh

ausmfvGefwm tawmfuav; _refwm ? rsufpdwyfay;vdkufwJh tcg / wdkuf@dkufjunfh vdkh &ygava&m ?

wcsdKh usawmh odyfcufwm ? olwdkh taeeJh usifh ju^yDqkdrS_zihfh Orifvdk%facgif; vdkvdk a&wGif;vdkvdk[m

52

rsdK;awGeJh wlwJh 'Dvrf;ajumif;juD;twdkif; t_yifudk a_y;aejuovdkh cHpm;rdjuw,f? tdyfaewJh

tcgrsdK;rSmawmifrS t_yifudk a_y;aeovdk cHpm;rdwwfjuvdrfh r,f ? wcsdKh u _rif;eJh 'Hk;pdkif;aeovdk / wcsdKh

u ysHaeovdk / wcsdKh u a_y;aeovdk / wcsdKh u um;eJh t_yif;armif;aeovdk cHpm;rdwwfjuw,f?

'gayr,fh vrf;qHk;udk a&mufudk ra&mufEdkifovkd cHpm;rdwwfjuw,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJ qkdawmh udk,fh

[mudk,f 'dAýp=KyGifh atmif zGifh &wm cufvGef;vdkh udk; ? ÞawmufÞ *kd%f;u vlh cE<mudk,fudk

pjum0Vmuav;t_zpf oabmxm;juw,f ? wu,fvdkh pjum0Vmuav; _zpfcJh aomf / trsm;pOf;pm;

junfh juprf;yg ? ezl;uae xif;@l;oD;yHkudk,f txd vD (w@kwfrdkif) aygif; odef;@Spfaxmif urSmwJh vm; ? 'gh

ajumifhvJ olwkdhtaeeJh t_yifudka_y;aeju / b,fawmhrS qHk;cef;rwdkifEdkifjuvdkh cHpm;rdaejuwm_zpfw,f?

ÞawmufÞ *kd%f;u vlh udk,fcE<mudk pjum0Vmuav; t_zpf oabmxm;wm vrf;usvS

ayw,f ? olh tzGJh tpnf; / taqmufttHkwdkh [m pjum0VmeJh tifrwef qifwmvdkh qdkvdkwm r[kwfzl; ?

u|efawmfwdkh 'D@kyf0wWK [if;vif;_yifu cE<mudk,fwdkh &Jh wnfaeoÐmefudk qdkvdkwmvJ r[kwfzl;?

u|efawmfwdkh ar;csifwmu acwfodÑHynm em;vnfxm;wJh @kyf0wWK cE<mudk,fwdkh &Jh uvmyfpnf;atmuf

u ta_ctae[m bmvJqdkwmyJ ? armfvDusL; tpdwftydkif; trsdK;rsdK; @Sdaejuw,f ? armfvDusL;atmuf

uqdk t%k_rL / y@dkwGef / !luvD / tDvufx@Gef / uGgyf wdkh _zpfjuw,f ? ckokawoe_yKaeju_yD _zpfwJh

tao;qHk;tEkpdwf_rLuawmh !lx&DEdk _zpfw,f ? 'Dawmh tao;wumh tao;qHk;tEkpdwfubmvJ ?

'gudk okawoe _yKoGm;zdkh qdkwmuawmh wu,hfudkcufvSygbdawmh ? &Sifawmfousrkedu olh

aESmif;ESpfrsm;rSm ckvdkpum;wpf&yf _rGufqdkcJh w,f ? ÞjuD;vdkuforS t_yifewÔd ? i,fvdkuforS twGif;ewÔd

ßwJh ? t"dÑg,fu bmvJ ? wxm*w tqifh rSm / juD;vdkuforS qdkwmeJh ywfoufvdkh / pjum0VmjuD;&Jh

e,fpGefe,fzsm;udk _rifEdkifpGrf;r@Sd ? i,fvdkuforS qdkwmeJh ywfoufvdkh / @kyf0wWKwdkh &Jh tao;qHk;tEkpdwfudk

_rifEdkifpGrf;r@Sd _zpfae&wmrdkh / olu ÞjuD;vdkuforS t_yifewÔd ? i,fvdkuforS twGif;ewÔd ß vdkh qdkwm ?

&Sifawmfousrkedu uÝmjuD; oHk;axmif oabmw&m;udkvJ a[moGm;w,f ?

u|efawmfwdkh 'Dpjum0VmjuD; twGif;rSm / u|efawmfwdkh 'De*g;aiGh wef; ju,fpkjuD; twGif;rSm / u|efawmfwdkh

vlom;awGvdk rHocE<m&SdwJh ouf@SdowW0gawG ae ,aejuwJh _*dK[faygif;oHk;axmif@Sdw,fvdkh oluqdk

w,f? oJwpfyGifhxJrSm ckvdk uÝm}uD;oHk;axmif@Sdaeajumif;udkvJ olua_ymoGm;w,f ? oJwpfyGifh [m

pju0Vmwpfckvdk / txJrSm u|efawmfwdkh vdk Om%fynmeJh _ynfh pHkwJh vlawG@dSaejuw,f ? _*dK[fawG @Sdae

juw,f? awmawmif_rpfacsmif;awGvJ @Sdaejuw,fwJh ? jum;vdkuf&rS_zifh *ÝD&qefvkduforS

ra_ymeJhawmh? wu,fvdkh 'Dtwdkif; [kwf&if / pOf;pm;junfh juprf;yg ? tJ'DtxJrSmvJ oJawG@dSw,f

53

r[kwfvm; ? tJ'DoJawGxJrSmvJ uÝm}uD;oHk;axmif@Sdaewkef;yJvm; ? _yD;awmh tJ'D uÝm }uD;oHk;axmif

xJrSmvJ oJawG@Sdaewkef;yJvm; ? tJ'D oJawGxJrSmvJ uÝm}uD;oHk;axmif @Sdaewkef;yJvm; ? 'ghajumifh

wxm*w tqifh rSm ,if;&Jh tqHk;udk _rifEdkifpGrf; r@Sdzl; ?

vlawG&Jh armfvDusL; uvmyfpnf;awGqkd&ifvJ 'Dtwkdif;yJ? pjum0VmjuD;[m b,fh

avmufjuD;ovJvdkh ar;&if / 'Dpjum0VmjuD;[m e,fpGefe,fzsm; @Sdajumif; u|efawmfa_ymxm;yg&ap ?

'gayr,fh wxm*wvdktqifh rSmawmif / ,if;udk tuefh towfrJhtwdkif;rod juD;rm;vSwmvdkh oabm

xm;aejuwm? vlh cE<mudk,f twGif;rSmqkd&if;vJ / armfvDusL;uae avmu"mwfi,fu tEkpdwf_rLwdkh

txd[m 'Dpjum0VmjuD;avmuf juD;w,fvdkhqdk&if / *ÝD&qefvScsnf&Jhvkdh xifaumif;xifaejurSm ?

vlwpfa,muf / toufwpfacsmif; zefwD;&mrSm / olh &Jh xl;_cm;oD;_cm;_zpfwJh ZD0 tpdwftydkif;wdkh /

ADZwkdh[m tvGeftrif; i,fvSwJh avmu"mwfi,frSm_zpfwnfae_yD; _zpfw,f ?'gh ajumifh u|efawmfwdkh

acwfodÑHynmtaeeJh 'gawGudk okawoe_yK&mrSm tifrwefh udk uGmvSrf;aeao;wm ? pjum0VmjuD;

wpfckvHk;@Sd tqifh _rifh Om%fynmwdkh eJh _ynfh pHkwJh _*dK[fawGu ouf@Sdrsm;eJh ,SOfvdkuf&if / u|efawmfwdkh vl

om; wdkh &Jh odÑHtwwfynmawG tawmfh udk edrfh usaewm awGh&w,f ? wpfae&mwnf;rSmw_ydKifwnf;

@dSaejuwJh 'D_yif [if;vif;_yifawGudkawmif u|efawmfwdkh ra&mufEdkifao;zl; ? _yify _*dK[fawGu yk*H_ym;ysH

awGuawmh 'D_yif [if;vif;_yifawGrSm wdkuf@dkufysHaejuw,f ? tcsdef-tmum_yif t,ltqawGawmif

a_ymif;vJr+ _zpfukef_yD ? 'gh ajumifh ,if;wdkh taeeJh pdwfjudKuf oGm;csif&moGm;-vmcsif&mvm vkyfEdkifae

juw,f ? vlawG vufrcHEdkifavmufatmif _refvSwJh t@SsdefeJh ysHaejuw,f ?

'dAýp=KeJh ywfoufvdkh u|efawmfwdkh wif_y&mrSm / ckvdk _y\emwpf&yfudk aqG;aEG;rdju

w,f ? vrf;ajumif;juD;xJrSm oift_yifudk a_y;aewJh tcg / tqHk;tpr@Sdvdkh xifrdvdrfh r,f ? wcsdKh awmh

w_cm;ta_ctaersdK;udk _rifaumif;_rif&vdrfh r,f ? olwdkh taeeJh Orifvdk%facgif;twdkif; a_y;aejuwm

[kwfyJ / tqHk;r@SdwJh vrf;rjuD;twdkif; a@Sh udk a_y;aejuwmvdkh xifrdjuvdrfh r,f ? t_yifudk a_y;aeju

&if; /vrf;wpfzufwpfcsufrSm awmawmif / _rpfacsmif;wkdh / _rdKh_ywkdhudk awGh&w,fwJh ? jum;&wmuawmh

_zihf / om_yD;awmhawmif *ÝD&qefvSwmaygh ? tckd;usihfpOfq&m wpfa,muf ckvdk a_ymzl;wmudk u|ef

awmfrSwfrdao; w,f ? vlh cE<mudk,fu ac|;aygufwpfaygufxJrSmwifyJ _rdKh wpf_rdKh @Sd_yD; / txJrSmrD;&xm;

awG / um;awG a_y;aejuw,fwJh ? jum;&olwdkh tzdkh odyftHh jop&m / r,HkEdkifavmuf p&maygh ? trsm;

odwJh twdkif; / @kyf0wÔKwkdh&Jh tEkpdwf_rLwkdhrSm / armfvDusL;wdkh / t%k_rKwdkh / y@dkwGefwdkh yg0ifaeju w,f ?

qkH;atmif quf_yD; pl;prf;oGm;aomf / tqifh wdkif; tqifh wdkif;rSm tJ'Dtqifh &Jh tpufukdom r[kwfyJ /

54

rsufESm_yifudkyg _rifEdkifr,fqdk&if / wenf;qdkawmh armfvDusL;&Jh rsufESm_yif / t%k_rL&Jh rsufESm_yif / y@dkwGef

&Jh rsufESm_yif / !luvD&Jh rsufESm_yifwdkh udk _rif&Edkifr,fqdk&if / rwlwJh [if;vif;_yifwdkh &Jh wnfaeoÐmef

udk _rifvm&_yD rSwfayawmh ? vlh cE<mudk,f tygt0if b,fvdkt&m0wWKrsdK;rqdk pjum0Vm [if;vif;_yif

juD; xJu [if;vif;_yif tqifh awGeJh _ydKifwlwnf@Sd aeju/ qufE$,faejuwm_zpfw,f ?u|efawmfwdkh

acwf@lyaA'ynm taeeJh @kyf0wWK&JhtEkpdwf_rLwdkhudk okawoe_yKju&mrSm/ tEkpdwf_rLwaphwnf;ukdom

pDppf_cif;-uGJxGufap_cif;tm;_zihf okawoe_yKaeju w,f? !luvD ukduGJxGufap_yD;rS / yg0ifwJh

tpdwftydkif;wdkh udk avhvmaejuw,f ? wu,fvdkh ckvdk ud&d,m wefqmyvm@Sdvdkh / 'Dtqifh xJu

t%k_rL"gwfpifawGukd_zpfap armfvDusL; "mwfpifawG&Jh wpfvHk;wpfcJwnf; ay:vGifr+udk_zpfap

_rifEdkifr,fqdk&if / ckvdk_rifuGif;udk awGh ae&Edkifr,fqdk&if /oif[m 'D[if;vif;_yifudk ausmfvGef_yD;

/'d_yif[if;vif;_yifwdkh rSm wnf@SdaewJh o@kyfrSefwdkh udk awGh _rif&_yD rSwfyg ? vlh cE<mudk,f[m _yify

[if;vif;_yifeJh pyf[yfaewm _zpfw,f ? ,if;wdkh[m ckvdk wnf@Sdr+oÐmefawG @Sdaejuwmcsnf; _zpfw,f?

'dAýp=Kaygufatmif udk,fh [mudk,f usifh &mrSm / rwlwJh ta_ctae wcsdKh @Sdao;w,f ?

rsm;aomtm;_zifh _zpfwwfwmwdkh udk u|efawmfwdkh u t"duxm; a_ymwm_zpfw,f ? wcsdKh qdk&ifvJ

'dAýp=Kvnfaewmudk awGh &w,f ? Þawmufß *kd%f;u usifh pOfusifh olawGqdk&ifvJ olwdkh &Jh 'dAýp=K

txJrSm vnfaewmudk awGh &avh @Sdw,f ? (xdkufusD) vifyef; ÞAsef;ß ueJ uGJwJh tcg / yHk&dyf_rif&vdrfh

r,f ? 'gayr,fh oifh acgif;xJrSm (xdkufusD) @Sdaewm r[kwfzl; ? q&mocifu (xdkufusD) tygt0if oifh

udk rqGuwnf;u twGJwpfwGJ pDpOfay;xm;wm _zpfw,f ? oifh 'dAýp=Kudk olu csdyfydwfxm;wm ? yGifh

csdefwefawmh rS tufxGufvmwm ? oifh udk olwrif pDrHay;xm;wm ? oifh OD;aESmufxJrSmrlvuwnf;u

@Sdaewm r[kwfzl; ?

wcsdKh uawmh vJ 'dAýp=KyGifh a&;udk trdvdkufjuw,f ? 'gayr,fh usifhav usifh av ryGifh

Edkifav _zpfaeju&w,f ? bmtajumif;ajumifh ckvdk _zpfae&wmvJ ? um,uH@Sif udk,fYuvJ r@Sif;zl; ?

t"du tajumif;&if;uawmh / 'dAýp=Kqdkwm vdkufvdkh &wmrsdK; r[kwfyJudk; ? vdkufav r&avaygh ?

vdkufav yGifh rvmav _zpf@Hkru / 'dAýp=KxJuae trJvdkvdk t_zLvdkvdk t&mwpfrsdK; pD;xGufvm_yD; /

'dAýp=KwpfckvHk;udk zHk;ukefvdrfh r,f ? jumawmh {&mrcGifjuD;wpfck _zpfvmvdrfh r,f ? pD;xGufvmwmawG

rsm;av / 'dAýp=KryGifh av / t&vdkufavvdkufav / pD;xGufvmavaveJh [m / wpfudk,fvHk;ukdyg zHk;ukef

ygava&m ? ,if;[m xlvJxl / cGifjuD;uvJ enf;wm}uD;r[kwfbl;? 'Dvlh taeeJh 'dAýp=K wu,fh udk yGifh

vmOD;awmh / _rif&rSm r[kwfzl; ? bm_yKvdkh vJ qdkawmh ckvkdolh pdwftpGJawGu olh udk csdyfydwfxm;_yD;

55

_zpfaevdkh udk; ? olh taeeJh xyf_yD; awG;raeygrS / 'DpdwftpGJawGudk vHk;vHk;pGefh ypfygrSom / w_znf;_znf;

_y,fukefrSm _zpfw,f ? 'gayr,fh tjumjuD; qif;&Jyifyef;cH usifh _yD;rS _y,fukefrSm_zpfw,f? vHk;vHk;udk

rvdktyfwm rsdK;r[kwfvm; ? wcsdKh qkd&ifvJ rodju&Smzl; ? q&mocifu rvdkufjueJh / rvdkufjueJh vdkh

wm;aewJh jum;u / vdkufudkvdkufjuw,f ? r,Hkjuzl;av ? 'Dawmh a_ymif;_yeftusdK;qufawG cHpm;

ju&awmhwmaygh?

ta0;_rif pGrf;tif

'dAýp=KeJh wdkuf@dkufqufE$,faewJh pGrf;tifwpf&yfuawmh ta0;_rifvdkh ac:w,f ? wcsdKh

u a_ymw,f ? ig'DrSm xdkifae&if; / yDuif; (ayusdef; Beijing) u _rifuGif;udk _rifEdkifw,f ? tar&duefu

_rifuGif;udk _rifEdkifw,f ? uÝmh [dkzufudk vSrf;_rifEdkifw,fvdkh qdkw,f ? wcsdKh u em;rvnfEdkifjuzl; ?

odÑHynmt&vJ em;rvnfEdkifjuzl; ? b,fh ES,fvkyf _zpfEdkifygh rvJwJh ? wcsdKh u 'Dvdk @Sif;_yju / wcsdKh u

[dkvdk @Sif;_yjueJh [m / ta_zudk rxGufEdkifzl; ? vlawGtaeeJh b,fh ES,fajumifh ckavmuftpGrf;@Sd&ovJ

qdk_yD; tHh joaejuw,f ? 'Dvdkr[kwfzl; ? avmuDwGif; tqifh rSm usifh aeolwdkh taeeJh ckvdk tpGrf;r@Sdju

zl; ? ta0;_rifwdkh / pGrf;&nfxl;rsm;pGmwdkh tygt0if ol_rif&wJh pGrf;tif[m / oD;_cm;[if;vif;_yif wpfckrSm

om tusdK;oufa&mufwm ? tvGefqHk;qdkOD;awmh / u|efawmfwdkh vlom;awG aexdkifjuwJh 'D@kyf0wWK[if;

vif;_yif xuf rydkzl; ? a,bl,stm;_zifh udk,fh udk,fY&Jh [if;vif;_yifxuf rydkzl; ?

xl;_cm;oD;_cm;_zpfwJh [if;vif;_yif wpfckrSm u|efawmfwdkh cE<mudk,ftaeeJh cGifwpfck

@Sdw,f ? 'DcGif[m yg&rDukodkvf cGifeJh wpfcGifwnf; r[kwfzl; ? [if;vif;_yifwpfckwnf;rSmvJ r[kwfzl; ?

'gayr,fh yrm%uawmh twlwlyJ ? 'DcGif[m pjum0VmeJh pyf[yfaewmrdkh / pjum0Vm [dkbufu

[mawG[m 'DcGifxJrSm a&mif_yef[yf ay:vmEdkifjuw,f ? tukefay:vmEdkifjuw,f ? ,if;[m &dyfyHk

wpfrsdK;om _zpfw,f ? wu,fh [m r[kwfzl; ? Oyrmqdkygawmh ? uÝmay:rSm tar&duef@dSw,f ?

0g@Sifwef @Sdw,fwJh ? olh cGifrSmvJ tar&duef ay:vmEdkifw,f ? 0g@Sifwef ay:vmEdkifw,f ? 'gayr,fh

t&dyfawG _zpfw,f ? t&dyfqdkayr,fh vJ @kyf0wWKwpfrsdK;aygh ? ,if;[m a&mif_yef[yf ay:vmwm_zpfvdkh /

[dkbufu ta_ymif;tvJ _zpfovdk olvJ vdkufa_ymif;vJaewmyJ ? 'gh ajumifh wcsdKh a_ymjuwJh

ta0;_rifpGrf;tifqdkwm / udk,fydkif[if;vif;cGif twGif;u t&mawG _rif&_cif;udk qdkvdkwm_zpfw,f ?

tjuifoltaeeJh usifh juHtm;xkwf&if; / avmuDwGif; usifh pOfudk ausmfvGefvmwJh tcg / tJ'Dvdk junfh

56

awmhrSm r[kwfbJ / wdkuf@dkufjunfh awmh rSm _zpfw,f ? Ak'< tmEkabmfvdkh ac:w,f ? b,ft&m

cyfodrf;rS r,SOfEdkifwJh terwí pGrf;yum;aygh ?

avmuDwGif;usifh pOfrSm / ta0;_rifpGrf;tif qdkwmb,fvdkvJ ? u|efawmf@Sif;_yr,f ?

'DcGif&Jh [if;vif;_yiftwGif;rSm / vlh ezl;rSm rSefwpfcsyf @Sdw,f ? rusifh olawGu arSmufae_yD; / usifh

olawGu yHkrSef_zpfaew,f ? usifh olwdkh &Jh ta0;_rif pGrf;tifay:vmcgeD;us&if / ,if;[m [dkbufvSefvdkuf

/ 'DbufvSefvdkuf-vkyfvmvdrfh r,f ? trsm;odwJh twdkif; @kyf@SifzvifawGudk wpfpuUefh (24)uGufE+ef;eJh

_y&if / t@kyfawG[m wpfqufwnf; v+yf@Sm;ae_yD; / (24) uGufxufavsmh&if ckefqGckefqG _zpfaewwf

w,f ? rSef[dkbuf'Dbuf vSefwJh t@Sdefe+ef;u wpfpuUefh (24) uGufyHkE+ef;xuf _refw,f ? a&mif_yef[yf

0ifvmwmawGudk rSefay:rSm t&if t@kyfazmfvdkufw,f ? wpfqufwnf; qdkovdk oifh udkvSef_yw,f ?

_yD;&if zsufypfvdkufw,f ? tJ'Dvdk t@kyfazmfvdkuf / vSef_yvdkuf / zsufypfvdkufeJh w&pyfvkyfaeavawmh /

oif_rif&wmawG[m v+yf@Sm;aewJh yHkawG_zpfaewmaygh ? 'guawmh oifh [if;vif;_yifcGifxJ a&mif_yef

[yfvmwmawGudk oifh udk _ywmaygh ? [if;vif;cGifxJu[mawGuawmh pjum0VmjuD;xJuae

a&mif_yef[yf 0ifvmwmawGaygh ?

'g_zifh udk,fh aemufu[mawGusawmh b,fvdkvkyf junfh rvJ ? rSefuav;u 'davmuf

ao;wm / cE<mudk,f wpf0dkufu[mawGudk wpfckrusef a&mif_yef[yf_yEdkifygh rvm; ? trsm;odwJh twdkif;

vlwdkh &Jh 'dAýp=Ktqifh taeeJh tmump=Ktm@Hkudk ausmfvGef_yD; / ynmp=Ktm@Hkudk a&mufawmh rJh tcg /

u|efawmfwdkh 'D[if;vif;_yifudk ausmfvGefawmh rSm_zpfw,f ? ausmfvGefawmh rJh qJqJ a&mufwJh tcg /

'dAýp=KtaeeJh a_ymif;vJr+ _zpfay:vmvdrfh r,f ? b,fvdkvJ qdkawmh t&m0wWKawGudk junfh vdkufwJh

tcg tukefaysmufaejuygava&m ? vlawG / eH&HawGqkdwmvJ aysmufcsufom;aumif;aejuygava&m ?

bmrSudk rawGh &awmhzl; ? wenf;tm;_zifh a_ym&&if 'DoD;_cm;[if;vif;_yifrSm aZmufcsjunfhvdkufwJhtcg/

oifh [if;vif;cGiftwGif;rSm rSefwpfcsyf axmifaewmuvGJvdkh / vlawGudk awGh &rSm r[kwfzl; ? oifh [if;

vif;cGifrSm 'DrSef[m oifh [if;vif;cGifjuD; wpfckvHk;avmufukdjuD;wm ? 'ghajumifh ,if;taeeJh

'DzufvSefvdkuf [dkzufvSefvdkufvkyf&if; bmrqdk a&mif_yef[yf_yEdkifrSm _zpfw,f ? oifh [if;vif;cGif

twGif;rSm / pjum0VmxJu a&mif_yef[yfvmwmawG rSef&if / oifh udk tukef_yay;oGm;EdkifrSmcsnf;_zpf

w,f ? u|efawmfwdkh a_ymaejuwJh ta0;_rif pGrf;tifqdkwm 'gaygh ?

57

vlh cE<mudk,f okawoe_yKa&;eJh ywfoufvdkh prf;oyfjuwJh tcg / 'DpGrf;tifudk ypfy,favh

@Sdw,f ? ypfy,fwJh tajumif;u / Oyrmqdkygawmh / (ayusdef;) yDuif;utrsdK;tdrfrSm bmvkyfaevJ ?

trsdK;emrnf / trsdK;tajumif;wdkh udk tjurf;_yif; a_ym_yvdkufwJh tcg / olawGh &a&m ? a[m-taqmuft

OD;u b,fvdk / tdrfxJ b,fvdk0if&w,f ? tcef;xJ b,fvdk0if&w,f ? tcif;tusif; tqift_yifu

b,fvdk ponf_zifh a_ymwmtukefrSefvdkh ? 'Dawmh vlubmvkyfaevJ ? pma&;aew,fav ? rSefrrSef

wdkufjunfh &atmifqdk_yD; / ÞbmvkyfaevJ ß vdkh zkef;eJh vSrf;ar;vdkufwJh tcg / Þxrif;pm;aew,f ß wJh ?

'Dawmh ol_rifwmeJh vGJraeayvm; ? t&ifu 'DpGrf;tifudk y,fcswm 'gh ajumifh aygh ? 'gayr,fh ol_rif&wm

awGuawmh tukefrSefvdkh aygh ? bm_yKvdkh ckvkd_zpf&ovJqdkawmh / u|efawmfwdkh tmum_yifeJh tcsdefwdkh udk

[if;vif;_yif-tcsdefvdkh ac:juw,f ? 'Dtmum_yif-tcsdefeJh pGrf;tif@SdaewJh 'Dtmum_yif-tcsdefwdkh jum;rSm

tcsdefuGm[r+ @Sdaewmudk; ? tcsdeft,ltqcsif;vJ wlrSrwlyJudk; ? ckeu pma&;aeayr,fh ckawmh

xrif;pm;aerSudk; ? 'gutcsdefuGm[r+aygh ? 'ghajumifh vlhudk,fcE<mukd okawoe_yKaejuwJh

odÑHynm@Sifwdkh taeeJh / or@dk;us oabmw&m;wdkh / acwfodÑHynmwdkh avmufudkom ta_c_yK_yD;

qif_cifawG;qaejuor#-okawoe_yKaejuor# umvywfvHk; / aemufESpfaygif; wpfaomif;avmuf

qufpcef;oGm;OD;awmh / ta[moduH _zpf&rSmcsnf;aygh ? bm_yKvdkhvJqdkawmh 'gawGu omref

vlawGxuf vGefuJaewmawGrdkh vdkh udk; ? 'ghajumifh vlhtawG;tqawG a_ymif;csdefwef_yD? 'DudpPawGudk

cktwdkif;csnf; xyfem;vnfoGm;vdkh r_zpfawmh zl; ?

ykaAýed0go pGrf;tif

aemufpGrf;tifwpfrsdK;vJ 'dAýp=KeJh wdkuf@dkufqufE$,faew,f ? ykaAýed0go pGrf;tifvdkh

ac:w,f ? ckqdk&if uÝmrSm 'dAýp=Kwdkh / ta0;_rifpGrf;tifwdkh / ykaAýed0go pGrf;tifwdkh tygt0if pGrf;tif

a_cmufyg; udk trsm;u todtrSwf_yKaeju_yD ? ykaAýed0go pGrf;tifqdkwm bmvJ ? vlwpfa,muf&Jh

tem*wfudka&m twdwfudkyg odEdkif_cif;aygh ? pGrf;tifjuD;&if vlh tzGJh tpnf; twuf-tus udk odEdkif_cif; ?

pGrf;tifydkjuD;&if pjum0VmxkxnfjuD; wpfckvHk;qdkif&m a_ymif;vJr+ ed,mrw&m;udk _rifEdkif_cif;wdkh aygh ?

ykaAýed0gopGrf;tifqdkwm 'gaygh ? @kyf0wWKawGqdkwm wpfpHkwpfckaom ed,mrw&m;eJh tnD

v+yf@Sm;aejuwmrdkh / xl;_cm;wJh [if;vif;_yifxJrSmqdk&if / b,fvdkt&m0wWKrsdK;rqdk 'd_yif [if;vif;_yifrsm;

58

pGmwdkh rSmwnf&SdaewJh ykHoémefawG @Sdaejuwmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? Oyrmtm;_zifh a_ym&&if / vlh udk,fcE<m

v+yfwJh tcg / cE<mxJu uvmyfpnf;awGvJ vdkuf_yD;v+yfvmjuvdrfh r,f ? avmu"mwfi,fu @Sd@Sdor#

armfvDusL;wdkh / y@dkwGefwdkh / tDvufx@Gefwdkh a&m/ tao;wumh tao;qHk; "mwfpiftvkH;pkHwkdha&m /

tukefvdkuf_yD; v+yfvmjuvdrfh r,f ? odkh _zpfwJh wdkifatmif ,if;wdkh taeeJh ,if;wdkh &Jh oD;_cm; wnfaeo

ÐmefawG @Sdaejuwmcsnf; _zpfw,f ? wpf_cm;[if;vif;_yifawGu cE<myHkoÐmefawGvJ ta_ymif;tvJ

_zpfvmjuvdrfh r,f ?

t&m0wWKawGqdkwm ysufokef;_cif;r@Sdvdkh u|efawmfwdkh u qdkjuw,f r[kwfvm; ?

oD;_cm;[if;vif;_yif wpfckrSmqkd&if vlwdkh wpfckckvkyf_yD;_yDqdk&if_zpfap / vlwpfa,mufu vufa0Sh

&rf;^yD;wpfckckvkyfvdkuf_yDqdk&if_zpfap / @kyf0wWKwnf&Sdr+awGcsnf;_zpfukefwmaygh ? bmvkyfvkyf yHk&dyfeJh

owif;tcsuftvufawG usef&pfaejurSmcsnf; _zpfw,f ? wpf_cm;[if;vif;_yifrSm ,if;wdkh [m

ysufokef;ukefrSm r[kwfzl; ? xm0pOf @SdaejurSmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? pGrf;tif@Sdolwdkh taeeJh twdwfuwnf&Sd

aewJh _rifuGif;udk awGh ju&w,fqdk&ifyJ / tukefodaeju_yDaygh ? aemifoifvJ ykaAýed0gopGrf;tif@SdvmwJh

tcg / u|efawmfwdkh uaeh 'DrSmoifjum;ydkh csaewJh yHkoGifudk_yefjunfh vdkuf&if / @SdaeOD;rSm _zpfw,f ? tJ'DrSm

wpf_ydKifwnf; @Sdae_yDaygh ? vlwpfa,muf zGm;_rifvm_yDqdk&if / tcsdeft,ltqr@SdwJh xl;_cm;wJh

[if;vif;_yifxJrSm / 'Dvlh &Jh b0wpfoufwmvHk;vJ wpf_ydKifwnf;@Sdae_yD;_zpfw,f ? wcsdKh qdk&if

wpfb0wif b,furvJ ?

'Dvdkqdk&if u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh ykídKvfa&; vHk;yrf;r+awG / udk,fh udkudk,f _yK_yifr+awG

vkyfaep&m b,fvdkawmh rvJvdkh wcsdKh u xifaumif;xifjuvdrfh r,f / vufrcHEdkifju@Smzl;av?

pifppfawmhum / ykídKvfa&; vHk;yrf;tm;xkwfr+ taeeJh vlhb0u tao;tzGJuav;awGudk

a_ymif;vJapEdkifw,f ? udpPtao;tzGJwpfcsdKhudk ykídKvfa&; vHk;yrf;r+uwpfqifh enf;enf;yg;yg;

a_ymif;vJvmapEdkifw,f ? 'gayr,fh a_ymif;vJr+_zpfatmif oifjudK;pm;&if uHajuG;awG wifvmp&m

@Sdw,f ? edkh r[kwf&if tukodkvf usL;vGefwJh _y\emay:p&m b,f&Sdawmh rvJ ? aumif;r+_yK_cif;-

raumif;r+_yK_cif;qdkwJh _y\emawG ay:p&mb,f&Sdawmh rvJ ? tJ'Dvdk ZGwfvkyfvm&if olrsm;awGqDu

r&oifh r&xdkufwmawGudk oif&vmp&m@Sdw,f ? raumif;r+ _yKrd&musvdrfh r,f ? 'gh ajumifh olh

obm0eJhtnD vkdufavsmnDaxG_zpfapzkdkh usifhyGm;tm;xkwfa&;rSm wpfzGzGa_ymvmjuwm 'Dtajumif;

ajumifhaygh ? bm_yKvdkhvJqdkawmh oifh taeeJh judK;pm;tm;xkwf_cif;tm;_zifh olrsm;awGudk

59

xdcdkufepfemaprSm rdkh vdkh _zpfw,f ? e*dku oifh b0rSm r@Sdwmqdkygawmh ? wu,fvdkh t&yfxJu e*dku

olrsm;[m_zpfwmawGudk oif&vmvdkh @Sd&if / oifawmh uHajuG;wif_yDom rSwfayawmh ?

juD;juD;us,fus,f udpPawGudkawmh omrefvlwdkht@Sif;udk a_ymif;vdkh &rSmr[kwfzl;?

wpfckawmh @Sdw,f ? tJ'DvltaeeJh raumif;wmawGcsnf; av#mufvkyf / ,kwfayh uef;ayh qdkwmawGudk

csnf;av#mufvkyf&if / olh wpfoufwm b0[m a_ymif;vJvmEdkifw,f ? 'gayr,fh olrsuf arSmuf_yKvm&

rSmuawmh t_yD;tydkif ysuf_yKef;a&;aygh ? tqifh _rifh uae u|efawmfwdkh junfh wJh tcg / vlwpfa,muf

aoqHk;pOf rlvewfaysmuf_y,f_cif; r@Sdwmudk awGh &w,f ? rlvewf b,fh ES,fajumifh

aysmuf_y,f_cif;r@Sd&ovJ ? pifppfawmh um / vlwpfa,mufaowJh aemuf / tavmif;xm; cef;xJu olh

@kyfuvyf[m bmrSr[kwf / u|efawmfwdkh 'D[if;vif;_yif@Sd vlh uvmyfpnf;wdkh &Jh cE<mom _zpfajumif; ?

udk,fwGif;t*Fgrsm;eJh cE<mudk,fwdkh u uvmyfpnf; wpf@SL;awG tm;vHk;a&m / 'Dvlh cE<mwpfckvHk;u

uvmyfpnf;awGyg 'D[if;vif;_yifrSm ajuGukefwm_zpf_yD; / armfvDusL; / t%k_rL / y@dkwGef ponfwdkh xuf

ao;wJh tEkpdwf_rLwdkh eJh twd_yD;wJh 'd_yif [if;vif;_yifu cE<muawmh t@Sif;udk ao_cif;r@Sdajumif; ?

'd_yif[if;vif;_yifawGrSma&m / avmu"mwfi,fu [if;vif;_yifawGrSmyg / wnf_rJaewkef;_zpfajumif;udk

u|efawmfwdkh awGh ju&w,f? qdk;ayh rdkufayh qdkwJh vlawGusawmh / uvmyfpnf;awGtukef z@dkz&J_ydKuGJ

ukef&rJh ta&;rsdK;eJh yufyif;&ifqdkifaeju&@Smw,f ? Ak'<bmomtac:t&a_ym&&if-@kyfa&m emrfyg

aysmufysuf&_cif;vdkh qkdw,f ?

vlh wpfoufudk a_ymif;vJapzdkh eJh ywfoufvdkh wenf;@Sdao;w,f ? tJ'Dwpfckwnf;aom

enf;uawmh _zifh / usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&; vrf;vdkufzdkh yJ ? usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&;vrf; vdkuf&if / olh

wpfoufwmudk bm_yKvdkh a_ymif;ay;-_yifay;vdkh &ovJ ? ckvdk[mrsdK;udk b,folu ayghaygh wefwef

a_ymif;ypfvdkh &rSmvJ ? 'guawmh wpf_cm;ajumifh r[kwfzl; ? 'dvlh taeeJh usifh yGm;tm;xkwfzdkh

tjuHay:vm / ckvdk qêyGm;vmwmeJh w_ydKifeuf / a@$a&mif wzdwfzwf awmufvmovdk _zpfvmvdkh udk; ?

t&yfq,frsufESmaom uÝmjuD;udk odrfhodrfhwkefoGm;apvdkh udk; ? pjum0VmeJh ywfoufvdkh Ak'<*kd%f;

cH,lxm;wmu t&yfq,frsufESmaomuÝmoabmw&m;_zpfw,f ? tqifh _rifh ouf&Sdwdkh &Jh rsufpdxJrSm

vlhtouf[m vlvkyfzdkh twGufr[kwfzl; ? vlhtoufqkdwm pjum0Vm [if;vif;_yifxJrSm aygufyGm;

vmwm _zpfw,f ? pjum0VmeJh p@dkufcsif;wlw,f ? pdwfaumif;apwem@Sdw,f ? opPm-arwWm-c÷D qdkwJh

@kyf0wWKwdkh eJh _zpfwnfaewm _zpfw,fß ? 'gayr,fh olwdkh rSmvJ tpkvkduf tzGJhvkduf qufqHr+awG

@Sdaejuw,fav ? tJh'Dvkd vlr+qufqHr+awGjum;rSm / wcsdKh [m raumif;vmavawmh / tqifh us&

60

ygava&m ? a&mufwJh tqifh rSm aevkdhr_zpf_yef-ykdqdk;vm_yefawmh / xyfus&_yefa&m ? tJ'Dvdk

us_yD;&if;us-us^yD;&if;us-us_yD;&if;useJh [m / aemufqHk;usawmh omrefvlwdkh &Jh 'Dtqifh udk

usvm&ygava&m ?

'Dtqifh rSm / 'DvdkvlrsdK;udk zsufqD;ypf-azsmufzsufypf&rSm _zpfw,f ? 'gayr,fh Om%f

awmf@SifjuD;awGu r[marwWm*@k%mw&m;ukd ESvkH;rl^yD; / ckvdk [if;vif;_yifwpf&yfudk / u|efawmfwdkh vlh

tzGJh tpnf;vdk [if;vif;_yif wpf&yfudk txl;wvnf zefwD;cJh juwm _zpfw,f ? 'D[if;vif;_yifrSm / olh udk

rHocE<mwpfckudka&m / u|efawmfwdkh 'D0wWK [if;vif;_yifrSmom junfhvdkh&wJh rsufvHk;wpfpHkudkyg ykdvmap

w,f ? wenf;tm;_zifh a_ym&&if / ol[m rsufpdvnf vrf;rSm; t_zpfrsdK;usa&mufae&wmaygh ? pjum0Vm

juD; &Jh o@kyfrSefudk r_rif& rawGh &Edkifzl; ? 'd_yif [if;vif;_yifawGrSmawmh um tukef_rifEdkifjuwmaygh ?

ckvdk rsufpdvnfvrf;rSm;ae&wJh jum;rSm / ckvdk t_zpfrsdK;rSm / olhudk tcGifh tvrf;wpfck ay;xm;wm_zpf

w,f ? rsufpdvnf vrf;rSm;ae&musvdkh / 'k=vJta&muf&qHk;aygh ? 'DcE<mudk,f @Sdaewm[m qdk&ifvJ/'k=

cHpm;cdkif;wm _zpfw,f ? 'D[if;vif;_yifrSm vlwdkh taeeJh _yefcsifpdwf @Sdjur,fqdk&if / Þawmufß *kd%f;

&JhcH,lcsufuawmh / udk,fh yifudk,f Zpf_rpf tppftrSefqDudk _yefa&mufcsif&if / usifh yGm;tm;xkwfju&rSm

_zpfw,f? vlwkdhtaeeJh usihfvdkpdwf @Sd&if / Ak'<pdwf ay:vm&m uswmaygh ? 'Dpdwf[m trGef_rwfqHk;_zpfwmrdkh

0dkif;uljuawmhrSmaygh? ckavmufcg;oD;vSwJh ywf0ef;usifrsdK;rSm vrf;vGJra&mufao; / tdrf_yefcsifao;

w,fqdkawmh / 0dkif;uljuwmaygh ? tjuGif;rJh 0dkif;uljuawmh wmaygh ? bmrqdk 0dkif;uljuawmh wmaygh ?

'DudpPrsdK;udk u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh omref vlawGudk vkyfray;EdkifyJ / usifh yGm; tm;xkwfolawGusrS

aqmif@Gufay;Edkifwm[m 'Dtajumif;ajumifh aygh ?

omrefvlwpfa,muftaeeJh a&m*gaysmufcsifcJh aomf / bmrS ulEdkifrSm r[kwfzl; ?

omrefvlqdkwm omrefvlyJudk; ? omrefvlqdkwm omrefvlh tzGJh tpnf;taeeJh udkufnD&rSmudk; ?

Ak'<qdkwm owW0gtaygif;udk c|wfwmuvm; ? Ak'<*dk%f;taeeJh qdk&ifvJ owW0gtaygif; tu|wfw&m;&

a&;udk cH,lxm;wm r[kwfvm;vdkh vlrsm;pGmwdkh u qdkjuw,f ? 'DrSm u|efawmfa_ymr,f ? Ak'<usrf;*ef

awGudktukef_yefvSefjunfhyg ? omrefvlawGudk a&m*gukay;wm / owW0gtaygif;udk tu|wfw&m;&ap

&musw,fvdkh b,fusrf;urS ra[mcJh zl; ? 'DESpfrsm;twGif;rSm tckd;usihfpOfq&m twkta,mifwdkh u

'DudpPudk tvGJvGJ trSm;rSm; _zpfatmif vkyfvmjuwm_zpfw,f ? wu,fh tckd;usihfpOfq&mawG /

vrf;cif;ay;oGm;juwJh tckd;usihfpOfq&mawGu qdk&if / oifh udk a&m*gukcdkif;_cif; tvsif;r_yKcJh juzl; ?

a&m*guif;atmif-usef;rmatmif udk,fh[mudk,f avh usifh juzdkh avmufom _yay;oGm;juwm_zpfw,f ?

61

oifu omrefvl_zpfw,f ? ESpf&ufavmuf oifrd@HkeJh oifa&m*gukEdkifa&mwJh vm; ? 'gvdrfwmnmwm

r[kwfvm; ? tpGJtvrf;awGudk tm;ay;tm;a_rSmuf_yK&mrusvm; ? *k%fawGyumoeawGudk pGJruf_cif; ?

omrefvGeft&mwdkh udk t&vdkuf_yD; omrefvlawGjum;rSm 0ihfjuGm;_yvdk_cif; ? 'grsdK;awGudk t@Sif;cGifh

r_yKEdkifzl; ? 'gh ajumifh wcsdKh qdk&if eif;uefvdkufav r&av _zpfaeju&@Smw,f ? oifckvdk vkyfyHkrsdK;udk cGifh

r_yKEdkifzl; ? 'Domrefvlh tzGJh tpnf; ta_ctaeudk ckvdk oifaygh aygh wefwef zsufqD;wmrsdK;udkvJ cGifh

r_yKEdkifzl; ?

'Dpjum0VmjuD;rSm ckvdk w&m;oabmwpf&yf@Sdaew,f ? tJ'guawmh oifh taeeJh udk,fh

yifudk,f Zpf_rpftppftrSefqD _yefcsifvmwJh tcg / trsm;wumwdkh u 0dkif;uljurSm _zpfw,f ? vlh touf

taeeJh omrefvlawmxJrSm aeaerJh tpm; / udk,fh ae&mudk _yefoGm;oifh w,fvdkh olwdkh ucH,lxm;

juw,f ? vlom;wdkh taeeJh bma&m*grSvJ r@Sdju / ae&xdkif&wmuvJ Zd150 150rfusvdkh qdk&if /

odjum;awG ewfawG oGm;vkyfcdkif;awmif vkyfawmhrSm r[kwfzl; ? a&m*gvJ r@Sd / 'k=vJuif; / vdkwvJ&

qdk&if / b,fh avmufrsm; aumif;vdkufrvJvdkh ? wu,fh udk ewfbHkrSmvkd pHpm;ae&_yDaygh ? 'gayr,fh

oif[m raumif;vdkh 'Dt_zpfrsdK;udk qdkufvm&wm r[kwfvm; ? 'gh ajumifh oifhtaeeJh ZDdrfusrSmr[kwf ?

rsufpdvnf vrf;rSm;ae&wJh t_zpfrsdK;rSm / vlawG[m raumif;r+awG _yKrdwwfjuw,f ? tJ'gudk oHo&m

vnfae&_cif;vdkh Ak'<bmomrSm tqdk@Sdw,f ? 'gh ajumifh wcsdKh taeeJh olwdkh [m olwdkh twd'k=

a&mufju& / tajumif;rvS _zpfju&wJh tcgrsdK;rSm / ukd,fhoHo&m 0ãfajuG;awGudk _yefqyfaeju &wm

csnf; _zpfw,f ? bk&m;awGqdkwm ae&mwum @Sdaejuwmvdkh vJ Ak'<bmomrSm a_ymaejuw,f ?

bk&m;@SifwpfqltaeeJhom vufa0Sh&rf;vdkufyg / vlom;wpf&yfvHk;&Jh a&m*gb,awG tukefaysmufuif;

ukefrSm pdwfcs ? 'g_zifh 'davmufrsm;vSwJh bk&m;awGtaeeJh bm_zpfvdkh tJ'Dvdk rvkyfjuovJ ? 'guawmh

t&ifu raumif;wmawG vkyfcJh rdvdkh / olckvdk 'k=cHae&wmudk; ? olh udk aysmufatmif

oifukay;vdkuf&if / pjum0Vmw&m;oabmudk azmufzsuf&musrSm_zpfw,f? 'DvlhtaeeJh raumif;r+

_yKvdkh&w,f ? wifaewJh uHajuG;0ãfajuG;awGudk _yefrqyfEdkifyJ aevdkh &w,fqdkwJh

t_zpfrsdK;ra&muf&ayvm; ? 'gb,f_zpfrvJ ? 'gajumifh rdkh vdkh omrefvlh tzGJh tpnf; ta_ctaeudk

ololudk,fudk,f xdef;odrf;umuG,faejuwmcsnf; _zpfw,f ? b,folrS oGm;zsufqD;jurSm r[kwfzl; ?

wu,fwrf; a&m*gb,uif;pGm oufawmifh oufom aecsif&if / u|wfu|wfvGwfvGwf b0wu,f

a&mufcsif&if / usifh yGm;tm;xkwfzdkh uvGJvdkh wpf_cm;vrf; r@Sdzl; ? trsm;olig w&m;rSefusihf apzdkh om /

owW0g taygif;udk wu,fwrf; tu|wfw&m;&ap &mrnfayr,f ?

62

tckd;usihfpOfq&mrsm;pGmwdkh [m b,fh ES,fajumifh a&m*gukEdkifjuovJ ? a&m*guka&;udk

bm_yKvdkh olwdkh a_ymaejuovJ ? 'D_y\emudk wcsdKh pOf;pm;aumif;pOf;pm;rdjuvdrfh r,f ? 'Dvlpm;rsdK;

awG[m rsm;aomtm;_zifh t,lrSefawG r[kwfjuzl; ? tckd;usihfpOfq&m tppfwdkh taeeJh / usifh

yGm;tm;xkwfju&if; / owW0g taygif; 'k= cHaeju&mwmudk _rifae&wmeJh tr# / arwWm-*@k%m eJh tnD

ulnDapmifrjuwmukdcGihf_yKw,f? 'gayr,fh a&m*gaysmufatmif olrukEdkifzl; ? oifh a&m*gudk

tcdkuftwefh tm;_zifh csKyfay;xm;wmrsdK; / a@$hqkdif;xm;wmrsdK; / oifh trsdK;awG tay:ul;

a_ymif;ay;vdkufwmrsdK; / 'grsdK;awGavmufomwwfEdkifrSm_zpfw,f ? oifh 'DuHajuG;0ãfjuG;awGudk

wu,fwrf;t_yD;tydkif y,f@Sif;ypfzdkh qdkwmrsdK;usawmh olrwwfEdkifzl; ? omrefvlawGudk

tJ'Dvdkayghayghwefwef oGm;vkyfay;vdkh r_zpfzl; ?usifholwdkhudkom vkyfay;vdkh&rSm_zpfw,f ?oabmuawmh

'gygyJ ?

Ak'<*kd%f;a_ymaewJh owW0gtaygif; tu|wfw&m;&a&; qdkwJh t"dÑg,f uawmh / oifhudk

xm0pOf 'k=_idrf;atmif / u|wfvGwfatmif / omrefvlwdkh &Jh 'k=trsm;qHk; t_zpfuae tqifh _rifh qDudk

ac:aqmifoGm;zdkhyJ_zpfw,f ? 'Dt"dÑm,fyJaygh ? &Sifawmfousrkedu edAýmefwpfzufurf;vdkh a[moGm;w,f

r[kwfvm; ? 'guola[mwJhowW0gtaygif; tu|wfw&m;&a&; wu,fh teuft"dÑm,f_zpfw,f ?

wu,fvdkh oifh taeeJh / ydkufqHvJ @SSd -ukwifawGudk awmif aiGawGeJh ckxm;ae / ab;b,muif;a0;pGm

vJ pnf;pdrfcHae&r,f qdk&if / ewfodjum; vkyfcdkif;awmif vkyfawmhrSm r[kwfzl; ? usifh yGm;tm;xkwfol

wpfa,muftzdkh oifwpfoufwm vrf;ajumif;udk a_ymif;ay;-_yifay;oGm;vkdh _zpfw,f ? usifh

yGm;tm;xkwfygrSom ckvdk a_ymif;ay;-_yifay;oGm;EdkifrSm _zpfw,f ?

ykaAýed0gopGrf;tif&Jh yHkoÐmefuawmh / ezl;rSm @kyf-oH zefom;_yifuav;wpfck @Sdaeovdk

aygh ? wcsdKh u ezl;&Jh 'Dae&mrSm ? wcsdKh u ezl;eJh odyfuyfaewm ? wcsdKh qkd&ifusawmh ezl;txJrSm ? wcsdKh

u rsufpdrdSwfxm;vJ _rif&w,f ? pGrf;tifjuD;&if / rsufpdyGifh aevJ _rif&w,f ? 'gayr,fh

olrsm;awGuawmh r_rif&zl; ? 'guolh [if;vif;cGifabmifxJu [mawGudk; ? wpfenf;qdkawmh / ckvdk

pGrf;tifay:vmwJh aemufrSm / pGrf;tifwpfrsdK;uvJ / jum;cHe,f t_zpfeJh / w_cm;[if;vif;_yifwdkh rSm

_rif&wJh _rifuGif;awGudk a&mif_yef[yfay;vmw,f ? 'gh ajumifh 'D'dAýp=KxJrSm awGh &wm_zpfw,f ?

vlwpfa,muf&Jh tem*wfwkdh - twdwf wdkh udk wdusrSefuefpGmawGh&Edkifw,f ? aA'ifb,fh avmuf

awmfawmf / tao;tzGJudçuav;awGusawmh wGufr&zl; ? 'gayr,fh oluawmh ESpfumvwdkh tygt0if

tukeftxif;om; t@Sif;om; awGh &Edkfifw,f ? ta_ymif;tvJ tao;tzGJuav;awGudkawmifrS awGh

63

&Edkifw,f ? ckvkd_zpf&wmuawmh w_cm;ajumifhr[kwfzl; ? olawGh &wmawGu 'd_yif [if;vif;_yifwdkh u

vlawG / t&m0wWKawG&Jh tppftrSef a&mif_yef[yfr+awGudk; ?

"rRpjum w&m;awmf usifh yGm;tm;xkwfolrSef&if / vlwdkif;vlwdkif; 'dAýp=KzGifh ay;oGm;rSm

_zpfw,f ? 'gayr,fh aemufydkif;rSm aqG;aEG;wif_ycJh juwJh pGrf;tifwcsdKh udkawmh zGifh ay;oGm;rSm r[kwfzl;?

tqifh _rifh _rifh vmwmeJh tr# / ykaAýed0go pGrf;tifvJ "rRwmtavsmuf ay:vmrSm _zpfw,f ? a@Sh quf

usifh yGm;tm;xkwfoGm;&if; / ckvdk t_zpfrsdK;eJh juHKvm&rSm _zpfw,f ? ckvdkpGrf;tif ay:vmwJh tcgusawmh

bmvJqdkwm od&a&maygh ? 'gh ajumifh 'D"rRwkdh-w&m;oabmwkdhudk u|efawmfwdkh u tukefzGifh

a_ymxm;wm?

"mwfjuD;(5)yg; twGif;rSm r[kwfawmh / avmu (3) yg; t_yifodkh a&muf

Þ"mwfjuD;(5)yg;twGif;rSm r[kwfawmh / avmu (3)yg; t_yifodkh a&muf ß qdkwmu

bmvJ ? 'gtifrwefh udk pl;@Sxuf_rufvSwJh _y\em_zpfw,f ? t&ifu tckd;usifhpOf q&mrsm;pGmwdkh

'D_y\emeJh ywfoufvdkh a_ymju&mrSm / tckd;usifhpOf r,HkolawG&Jh ar;cGef;ajumifh / eifrwwf qdkh rwwf

cHju&@Smw,f ? ÞcifAsm;wdkh usifh olawGtxJrSm "mwfjuD; (5)yg; t_yifudk b,folawG

a&mufukefju_yDvJ ? avmu(3)yg; twGif;rSm b,folawG r@Sdawmh ovJ ß wJh ? wcsdKh vlawG[m

tckd;usifhpOf q&m r[kwfzl; ? udk,fh [mudk,f tckd;usifhpOf bGJhwyfxm;juwm_zpfw,f ?

@Sif;atmifra_ymwwf&if at;at;ae_yD;a&maygh ? r[kwfzl; ? olua_ymudka_ym&Jw,f ?'Dawmh olh udk

0dkif;_yD; yg;pyfqdkh juawmh wmaygh ? usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&; avmutzdkh tifrwef xdcdkufepfem&wmaygh /

tifrwef uarmufur _zpfukef&wmaygh ? wcsdKh u 'gudkudkif_yD; tckd;usifhpOf udk ykwfcwfjuwmaygh ?

"mwfjuD; (5)yg;twGif; rSmr[kwfawmh / avmu(3)yg; t_yifodkh a&mufqdkwmu usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&;

avmu pum;wpf&yf _zpfw,f ? bmoma&;uae oufqif;vmwm_zpf_yD; /bmoma&;xJrSm

ay:vmwm _zpfw,f ? 'gajumifh u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh 'Dordkif;aemufajumif;udka&m / olh acwftcgu

ywf0ef;usifudkyg raxmufyJ / 'D_y\emudk aqG;aEG;vdkh r_zpfzl; ?

"mwfjuD; (5)yg; twGif;rSm r[kwfawmh qdkwm bmvJ ? w@kwf_ynfu "mwfjuD; (5)yg;

oabmw&m; rSefajumif;udk a@S;a[mif;w@kwf@lyaA' ynmua&m / acwf@lyaA'ynmuyg

64

cH,lxm;juw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh pjum0VmjuD;xJu t&mcyfodrf;udk owWK-opf-a&-rD;-a_r qdkwJh

"mwf(5)yg;eJh zGJh pnf;xm;wm _zpfw,f ? 'g rSefw,f ? 'gajumifh u|efawmfwdkh u "mwfjuD; (5) yg;

tajumif;udk aqG;aEG;wif_ywm _zpfw,f ? "mwfjuD; (5)yg;t_yifbuf 'Dvla&mufae_yDvdkh qdkwmudk /

acwfpum;eJh a_ym&&if / u|efawmfwdkh 'D@kyf0wWKuÝm t_yifudka&mufae_yD qdkwJh oabmaygh ?

jum;&rS_zifh *ÝD&qefvSaygh? ckvdk_y\emwpf&yfudk pOf;pm;junfh apvdkw,f ? tckd;usifhpOf

q&mawG[m pGrf;tif@Sdaejuw,f ? u|efawmfh udk prf;oyf_yD;_yD ? 'd_yif tckd;usifhpOf q&mawG udkvJ

prf;_yD;ukefju_yD ? olwkdh pGrf;tifawGukdwdkif;^yD;ukefju^yD ? pGrf;tifxJu @kyf0wÔK"mwfpif awGudkvuf@Sd

ud&d,mwefqmyvm rsm;pGmwdkh u wkdif;vkdh&juw,f ? wenf;tm;_zifh a_ym&&if / tckd;usihfpOfq&mawG

xkwfv$wfjuwmawGeJh ywfoufvdkh / oufqdkif&m ud&d,mwefqmyvmawGom @Sdaer,fqkd&if /

pGrf;tifawG @Sdaewmukd wkdif;vkdh&wmcsnf;_zpfw,f? vuf@SdwefqmyvmawG[m / teDvGefa&mif_cnf-

c&rf;vGefa&mif_cnf-oHvGefvd+if;-oHatmufvd+if;-v#yfppf-oHvdkuf-*rfrma&mif_cnf-t%k_rL-!lx@Gef

wkdif;vkdh&ae^yD? tckd;usifhpOfq&mawGrSm 'D@kyf0wWKawG @Sdaejuw,f? wcsdKh tckd;usifhpOf q&mawG

xkwfv$wfwJh @kyf0wWKawGusawmh / wefqmyvmr@Sdvdkh wkdif;wm_cif; r_yKEdkif_zpfae&w,f ? ud&d,m

wefqmyvmawG @SdaewmrSef&if / tukefwkdif;wmvdkh &wmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? tckd;usifhpOf q&mawG

xkwfv$wfvdkufjuwJh @kyf0wWKawG[m tifrwef pHkvifaxG_ym;vSwmudk awGh @Sdju&w,f ?

xl;wJh oHvdkufcGif&Jh tusdK;oufa&mufr+t& / tckd;usihfpOfq&mtaeeJh tm;vJaumif; /

vSvJvSwJh a&mif_cnf xkwfv$wfEdkifw,f ? pGrf;tm;juD;av / xkwfv$wfwJh pGrf;tifcGifvJ juD;avyJ ?

omrefvlwdkh vJ @SdwmyJ? 'gayr,fh tifrwef-tifrwef tm;aysmh wJh a&mif_cnfuav;rsdK;om _zpfw,f ?

pGrf;tif_rifh @lyaA'udk okawoe_yKju&mrSm / ynm@Sifwdkh u pGrf;tifqdkwm !lx@Gef-t%k_rLwdkh

vdk[mrsdK;awGaygh vdkh cH,lxm;juw,f ? emr,fjuD; tckd;usifhpOf q&mawG tygt0if

csdukef;q&mrsm;pGmwdkh udk prf;_yD;-wdkif;_yD;ukef_yD ? u|efawmfhukdvJ wdkif;_yD;_yD ? prf;oyf&mrSm

xkwfv$wfvdkufwJh *rfrma&mif_cnfeJh omr,f!lx@Gefwdkh [m yHkrSef_'yfwdkh xuf tqaygif; (80)uae

(170) txdomvGefaeajumif; awGh &w,f ? tJ'DtcgrSm ud&d,m&Jh vufwef[m tqHk;wkdifae^yD_zpfvdkh /

aemufqHk;b,ftxd @SdrvJqdkwmudk rod&awmh zl; ?'davmuftiftm;juD;rm;wJh !lx@GefawG qkdwm

wu,fh udk pOf;pm;vdkh r&Edkifp&mavmufaygh ? vlwpfa,muftaeeJh 'davmuf tiftm;

juD;rm;wJh !Lx@GefawGudk b,fh ES,fajumifh xkwfv$wfEdkif&ovJ ? u|efawmfwdkh tckd;usifhpOf q&mawG

65

od'<d@SdjuyHk / pGrf;tif@SdjuyHkudk 'DtcsufuvJ om"u _yaew,f ? 'Dtcsufudk odÑHeJh twwfynmavmu

uvJ oufao xl_y_yD;_zpfw,f ?

"mwfjuD;(5)yg;t_yifa&mufzdkh qdkwm @kyf-emrf ESpfyg;pHk usifh pOfrS_zpfwm ? @kyf-emrf ESpfyg;

pHkusifh pOfr[kwf&if / tqifh udk tqHk;t_zwfay;wJh pGrf;tifom wufvmp&m@Sdw,f ? cE<mrusifh wJh usifh

pOfqdk&if 'D_y\em ay:awmifray:zl; ? "mwfjuD;(5)yg; t_yifa&mufzdkh qkdwmudk olwdkh ra_ymjuzl; ?

@kyf-emrf ESpfyg;pHk usifh pOfqdkwm pGrf;tifawGudk cE<mudk,fu uvmyfpnf;tm;vHk;rSm odkavSmifxm;wm

_zpfw,f ? a,bk,stm;_zifh a_ym&&if / u|efawmfwdkh usifh olawGeJh pGrf;tifwufp _zpfolawG

xkwfv$wfwJh pGrf;tifawG[m tqefvJjuD; / [mvdkh vJae / odyfonf;qvJ rjuD;vdkh tm;aysmhjuw,f ?

tqifh _rifh vmwJh tcgusawmh / pGrf;tifodyfonf;q[m omrefa& armfvDusL;awGxuf tqaygif;

wpf&m /wpfaxmif / oef;wpf&mavmuftxdomvmp&m @Sdw,f ? tqifh _rifh av/ odyfonf;qjuD;av/

Eknufav / tm;juD;avaygh ? ckvdk ta_ctaersdK;rSm / pGrf;tifawGudk cE<mudk,f&Jh uvmyfpnf;wdkif;rSm

odkavSmifxm;rSm_zpfw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh 'D@kyf0wWK [if;vif;_yifcE<mu uvmyfpnf;wdkif;rSmomru/'d_yif

[if;vif;_yifawG@Sd cE<mtm;vHk;u armfvDusL;-t%k_rL-y@dkwGef-tDvufx@Gef wdkh uae tvGeftrif;

i,fvSwJh avmu"mwfi,fu uvmyfpnf;awGtxdyg / ckvdk pGrf;tifawGeJh _znfh wif;oGm;rSm _zpfw,f ?

jumawmh vlh cE<m[m ckvdkpGrf;tif_rifh @kyf0wWKawGeJh vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm; _ynfh 0aerSm _zpfw,f ?

ckvdk pGrf;tif_rifh @kyf0wWKawG[m Om%f&nf@Sdju / tpGrf;tp@Sdjuw,f ? ,if;wdkh rsm;vmwJh

tcg / odyfonf;qjuD;rm;vmwJh tcg / vlh cE<mudk,fu uvmyfpnf; tm;vHk;rSm _ynfh _zdK;vmwJh tcg /

vlwdkh &Jh rHouvmyfpnf;awGudk / toHk;rusqHk; uvmyfpnf;awGudk csKyfEdkifxdef;Edkifvmvdrfh r,f ? tJ'Dvdk

csKyfEdkifxdef;EdkifvmwJh aemufrSm / ta[mif;udk topfeJh tpm;xdk;r+awG _zpfay:awmh rSm r[kwfzl; ? aemuf

qHk;us&if / vlh rHouvmyfpnf;awGudk tukeftpm;xdk;ypfvdkufjurSm _zpfw,f ? rSefw,f / u|efawmfckvdk

a_ymwmu vG,fw,f ? 'Dt_zpfa&mufatmif usifhzdkh uawmh aES;auG;wJh _zpfpOfwpf&yf _zpfw,f ? oif'D

t_zpf a&mufwJh tcg / oifh cE<mudk,fu uvmyfpnf;tm;vHk;udk ckvdkpGrf;tif_rifh 0wWKawGeJh tpm;xdk;_yD;

_zpfaerSm ? oifpOf;pm;junfh av ? oifh cE<mudk,f[m "mwfjuD;(5)yg;eJh zGJh pnf;xm;wm [kwfao;&Jh vm;?

u|efawmfwdkh 'D[if;vif_yifu @kyf0wWKawG [kwfao;&Jh vm; ? ,if;[m w_cm;[if;vif;_yifawGu &wJh

pGrf;tif_rifh @kyf0wWKawGeJh zGJh pnf;xm;wJh cE<m_zpfae_yD ? yg&rDukodkvfawGrSm yg0ifwJh tpdwftydkif; awG

qdk&ifvJ / w_cm;[if;vif;_yifawGu @kyf0wWKawG _zpfw,f ? ,if;[mvJ u|efawmfwdkh 'D[if;vif;_yifu

tcsdefcGif&Jh tcsKyftxdef;udk cH&awmh rSm r[kwfzl; ?

66

tcsdefqdkwm cGif@Sdaew,f ? tcsdefcGif&Jh abmifxJrSmr[kwf&if / tcsdef&Jh tcsKyftxdef;udk

rcH&zl;vdkh acwfodÑHynm@Sifwdkh u cH,lxm;juw,f ? w_cm;[if;vif;_yifwdkh u tcsdef-tmum_yif

t,ltqawG[m u|efawmfwdkh 'DueJh wljuwm r[kwfzl; ? 'Dawmh 'DutcsdeftaeeJh w_cm; [if;vif;

_yifu @kyf0wWKawGudk b,fh ES,fvkyf csKyfvdkh xdef;vdkh &ygh rvJ ? t@Sif;udk csKyfvdkh xdef;vdkh &rSm r[kwfzl; ?

pOf;pm;junfh juprf;yg ? tJ'Dtcgus&if / oif[m "mwfjuD; (5)yg;twGif;rSm r[kwfawmhzl; r[kwfvm; ?

oif[m omrefvlwdkh &Jh cE<mudk,f [kwfao;&Jh vm; ? t@Sif;udk r[kwfawmh zl; ? 'gayr,fh wpfckawmh

@Sdw,f ? omrefvlawG taeeJhodjurSm r[kwfzl; ? olh cE<mudk,ftaeeJh 'Dtqifh xdatmif

a_ymif;vJvmae_yD _zpfayr,fh /usifh yGm;tm;xkwfr+ pcef;qHk;&m rusao;zl; ? ydk_rifh wJh tqifh

udkwufvSrf;Edkifatmifa@Sh quf_yD; usifh oGm;&OD;rSm _zpfw,f ? 'gh ajumifh omrefvlawGjum;rSmyJ usifh

oGm;&OD;rSm _zpfw,f ? vlawG olh udk r_rif&vdkh r_zpfao;bl;av?

aemufqdk b,fvdk_zpfvmrvJ ? usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&;_zpfpOfrSm / olh armfvDusL; uvmyf

pnf;awGudkpGrf;tif_rifh 0wWKawGeJh tukeftpm;xdk;_yD;ae_yD _zpfayr,fh / t%k_rLawG[m olh zGJh pnf;yHktwkdif;

_zpfw,f ? armfvDusL; / !luvDwdkh &Jh zGJh pnf;yHkwdkh [m a_ymif;vJ_cif; r@Sdju ? uvmyfpnf;awGu

armfvDusL; zGJh pnf;yHk[m e*dkykHpHrsdK;yJ_zpfwmrkdh udkifjunfh vdkuf&if aysmh aewm awGh &r,f ? t@dk;

awGu armfvDusL; zGJh pnf;yHkuawmh odyfonf;qjuD;vdkh / udkifjunfh vdkuf&if rmaewm awGh &r,f ?

aoG;xJu armfvDusL; odyfonf;quawmh edrfhvGef;awmh / t&nfyJaygh ? omrefvlawGtaeeJh oifh

a_ymif;vJr+udk tay:,Huae junfh vdkh &rSm r[kwfzl; ? oifh uvmyfpnf; armfvDusL;awG[m e*dk tpyft

[yftwdkif; / e*dkzGJh pnf;yHktwdkif;yJ _zpfw,f ? pyf[yfyHk a_ymif;vJ_cif; r@dSzl; ? 'gayr,fh txJu pGrf;tifu

awmh ta_ymif;tvJawG _zpfukef_yD ? 'gh ajumifh 'Dvl[m tJ'Dtcsdefup_yD; obm0tavsmuf tdkrif;&ifh

a&mfr+_zpfawmh rSm r[kwfzl; ? uvmyfpnf;awGvJ ysufokef;ukefawmh rSm r[kwfzl; ? 'Dawmh 'Dvl[m

xm0pOf ysdKvGifaeawmh rSm _zpfw,f ? usifh &if;usifh &if; @kyfuEkvmvdrfh r,f ? aemufqHk;usawmh EkysdKwJh

toGifrSm tpOfwnf_rJaeawmh rSm _zpfw,f ?

rSefw,f ? tJ'DcE<m[m um;wdkufrd&if t@dk;usdK;aumif;usdK;vdrfh r,f ? 'g;@S&if aoG;xGuf

aumif; xGufvdrfh r,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh olh armfvDusL; zGJh pnf;yHku a_ymif;rSra_ymif;yJudk; ? wpfck

awmh @Sdw,f ? uvmyfpnf;awGobm0tavsmuf ysufokef;ukefwmrsdK;awGuawmh @Sdawmh rSm r[kwfzl;?

obm0tavsmuf tdkrif;&ifha&mfwmrsdK;awGvJ @Sdawmh rSmr[kwfzl; ? ta[mif;udk topfeJh tpm;xdk;wm

67

rsdK;awGvJ @SdawmhrSm r[kwfzl; ? u|efawmfwdkh a_ymjuwJh "mwfjuD;(5)yg; _yifya&mufa&;qdkwm 'gaygh ?

'Dawmh / t,lonf;-wmyg? qdkwmrsdK;awG b,fuvm @Sdae&rSmvJ ? odÑHoabmw&m;eJh awmifrS @Sif;_y

vdkh &w,fr[kwfvm; ? wcsdKhu @Sif;atmifra_ymwwfyJeJh t&rf;av#mufa_ymawmh / t,lonf;wmawG

av#mufvkyfaejuwmvdkh ta_ymcH&awmhwmaygh ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh 'Dpum;u bmoma&;xJuae

qif;oufvmwm _zpfvdkh udk; ? u|efawmfwdkh acwfcsdukef;u zefwD;vdkufwJh a0g[m&rS r[kwfyJ[m ?

avmu(3)yg; t_yifodkh a&mufa&;qdkwmu bmvJ ? [dkaeh u u|efawmfa_ym_yD;_yD ?

pGrf;tifwufa&;tzdkh tc&muswmuawmh 'Dvdkav ? u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; usifh

yGm;tm;xkwfju / pjum0Vm *k%fowWdxl;eJh Zmwfwl&nfwl _zpfvmjuwmeJh tr# / 'D*k%fowWdxl;u oifh

udk csKyfxdef;aeawmh rSm r[kwfzl; ? oifh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; wufvmwJh tcg / yg&rDukokdvf txJu

tpdwftydkif; awG[m pGrf;tift_zpfudk ul;a_ymif;vmjuvdrfh r,f ? tay:udk wuf&if; , wuf&ifeJh /

tqifh _rifh a&mufwJh tcg / pGrf;&nfwdkifjuD; _zpfvmvdrfh r,f ? tJ'DpGrf;&nfwdkif b,fh avmuf_rifh &if /

oifh od'<dvJ tJ'Davmuftxd _rifh aerSm _zpfw,f ? Þw&m;awmf abmifrJh ß qdkwJh pum;wpfcGef;@Sdw,f ?

usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&;eJh ywfoufvdkh oifh pdwftay:rSm vHk;vHk;wnfaew,f ? b,ftqifh txd

aygufatmif usifh oGm;EdkifrvJ qdkwmu / oifh onf;cHEdkif pGrf;eJh 'k=cHEdkifpGrf;wdkh tay:rSm vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm;

wnfaew,f ? oifh udk,fY&Jh t_zLa&mif _'yffawGukef&if / oifh udk,fY&Jh trJa&mif_'yfawGvJ /

'k=cH_cif;tm;_zifh t_zLa&mif_'yfawG t_zpf ul;a_ymif;vmEdkifw,f ? ravmufao;&if

aqGrsdK;rdwfo*F[awGxJu usifh yGm;tm;xkwf_cif; r_yKolwdkh &Jh t_ypfawGudk 0ifcHay;&if;vJ oifod'<d

wufvmEdkifw,f ? 'gu tifrwefhudk tqifh _rifh wJh usifh olrS _apfwm ? omrefusifh olwpfa,muf

taeeJh uawmh / aqGrsdK;awGtpm; t_ypfcHbdkh pdwfrul;aveJh ? uHajuG;0ãfajuG;awGu juD;vSavawmh

awmf@Hkwef@HkvlawGtaeeJh ayguf a_rmufatmif usifh bdkh qkdwmcufvGef;vSygbd ? rwlwJh tqifh

awGuw&m;oabmawGudk u|efawmf u 'DrSm@Sif;_yaewm?

bmoma&;rSm a_ymaejuwJh avmu(3)yg;qdkwmu / bHk(9)qifh udkaomf4if; / bHk(33)

qifh udkaomf4if; qdkvdkwm _zpfw,f ? wenf;qdkawmh rdk;ay:-a_ray:-a_ratmufwdkh taeeJh avmu(3)

yg; _zpfwnfae_yD; / owW0gtaygif; usifvnfaejuw,fqdkwJh oabmaygh ? bHk (33)qifh twGif;u

ouf&Sd taygif;wdkh [m oHo&m vnfju&vdrfh r,fvdkh tqdk@Sdw,f ? oHo&mvnf_cif;qdkwmu 'Db0rSm

vl_zpfayr,fh / aemufb0usawmh wd&dðmef_zpfcsif_zpf&rSm qdkwJh oabmaygh ? Þvlh t_zpf&wkef; 'Dtcsdef

ydkif;uav;udk aumif;aumif;toHk;csju ? ckrusifh vdkh b,fawmh rS oGm;_yD; usifh ae&rSmvJ ß vdkh Ak'<bm

68

omxJrSm a_ymaejuw,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh wd&dðmefawGudk tusifh rcHyJudk; ? w&m;vJ temrcHyJ

udk; ? usifh wJh wdkifatmifvJ r*fzdkvf&rSmr[kwfyJudk; ? pGrf;tif_rifh vmr,fqdk&ifvJ tmumuuGyfrsufOD;

rSmudk; ? oifh taeeJh ESpfaygif;&maygif; rsm;pGmtwGif; vlh t_zpfudk &csifrS&rSm ? ESpfaygif;axmifeJh csDrS

&csif&vmrSm ? &_yefawmhvJ _rwfEdk;&rSef;rod_zpfae_yef ? oifb0a_ymif;vdkh ausmufwHk;t_zpf usa&muf&

aomf / ESpfaygif;wpfaomif;twGif; xGufEdkifrSmr[kwfzl; ? tJ'DausmufwHk; rajurrGao;or# umvywf

vHk;-rdk;xJavxJrSm rysufr,Gif;ao;or# umvywfvHk; / oifb,fawmh rS xGufEdkifrSmr[kwfzl; ? vlh

t_zpf&zdkh qdkwm rvG,fvdkufygbd ? wu,fvdkh rsm; w&m;awmfudk wu,fwrf;&Edkifr,fqdk&if / 'Dvlawmh

vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm;udk tvGeftusL; uHxl;vS_yDvdkh om rSwfayawmh ? vlh b0&zdkh qdkwm cufvSajumif;

'Dw&m;oabmudk a_ym_ywmyg ?

u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh usifh yGm;tm;xkwfju&mrSm / tqifh _y\emudk ta&;xm;juw,f ?

'DudpPu udk,fh [mudk,f b,fvdkusifh yGm;tm;xkwfoGm;rvJ qdkwJh tay:rSm vHk;vHk;wnfaew,f ? oifh

taeeJh avmu(3)yg; t_yifa&mufcsifaew,fqdkygawmh / usifh &if;,usifh &if; oifh pGrf;&nf wdkifjuD; odyf

_rifh, odyf_rifh vm_yDqdk&if / avmu(3)yg; t_yifudk a&mufae_yD r[kwfvm; ? wcsdKh qdk&if w&m;xdkif&if;

rlvewf taeeJh @kyfxm;emrfcGm oabmrsdK;eJh xGufoGm;wJh tcg / wr[kwfcsif; qdkovdk t_rifh juD;

a&mufoGm;ygava&m ? oifom; wpfa,mufu olh xdawGh cHpm;r+ tpD&ifcHpm a&;&mrSm /Þ q&m&Sif

cifAsm; ? u|efawmf b,fIb,fr# t_rifh udk a&mufaeyg_yD ? _rifuGif;wpfcsdKh udk _rifae&yg_yD ß vdkh qdkw,f ?

u|efawmfu olh udk xyfwufcdkif;w,f ? Þ u|efawmfwufr&awmhzl; ? rwuf&Jawmh zl; ? wufvdkh udk

r&awmhzl; ?ß vdkh oluqdkw,f ? bm_zpfvdkh vJ ? olh pGrf;&nfwdkifu tJonfavmuftxdyJ _rifh wmudk; ?

olu olh pGrf;&nfwdkiftay: xdkif_yD;wufvdkufoGm;wm_zpfw,f ? Ak'<bmomxJrSm a_ymaejuwJh r*fzdkvfqdk

wm 'gaygh ? usifh wm tJ'Dr*fzdkvfudk a&mufaerSudk; ? 'gayr,fh usifh yGm;olwdkh tzdkh a_ym&&if / r*fzdkvf

txGwftxdyfudk a&mufao;wm r[kwfzl; ? a@Sh quf vSrf;Edkifatmif-v$m;Edkifatmif-wufEdkifatmif

tm;xkwfoGm;&OD;rSm _zpfw,f ? oifh pGrf;&nfwdkiftaeeJh avmu(3)yg; e,fedrdwfudk ausmfvGef_yDqdk&if /

oifh taeeJh avmu(3)yg; t_yifudk a&mufae_yD r[kwfvm; ? u|efawmfwdkh ppfjunfh zl;w,f ? bmom

a&;rSm a_ymaewJh avmu(3)yg;qdkwm u|efawmfwdkh _*dKvfjuD; (9)vHk; e,fedrdwftwGif; rSmom_zpfajumif;

awGh &w,f ? wcsdKh u _*dKvfjuD; (10)vHk;vdkh qdkw,f ? tJ'Dvdk t@Sif;r[kwfajumif; u|efawmfa_ymxm;

tyfygw,f ? t&ifu tckd;usihfpOfq&mwcsdKh qdk&if / pGrf;&nfwdkifawG[m e*g;aiGh wef; ju,fpkjuD;

t_yifudkawmif a&mufukefju / tawmfh udk _rifh aejuwmudk u|efawmfawGh &w,f ? avmu(3)yg;

69

qdkwm olwdkh tzdkh aemufrSm usefae&pfwm jum_yDaygh ? u|efawmf a_ym_yD;p_zpfwJh avmu(3)yg;

t_yifa&mufa&; qdkwm / pifppf tqifh _y\em _zpfw,f ?

tvdk&ruf _y\em

vlrsm;pGmwdkh [m u|efawmfwdkh usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&; cGifxJudk tvdk&rufeJh 0ifa&mufvm

juwm_zpfw,f ? wcsdKhu pGrf;tifvdkcsifvdkh ? wcsdKh u oabmw&m; em;axmifcsifvdkh ? wcsdKh u a&m*g

aysmufcsifvdkh ? wcsdKh uawmhvJ "rRpjum&csifvdkh / pHkvdkh aygh ? wcsdKh usawmh vJ Þ tdrfrSm oifwef;rwuf

_zpfol usefao;w,f ? oifwef;zdk; ay;ygh r,f ? olhudkvJ "rRpjumay;yg ß vdkh qdkjuw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh

taeeJh rsdK;qufaygif; rsm;pGm_zwfoef;cJhju& / tvGeftrif; jumanmif;vSwJh ESpfy&dað'eJh juufoD;

arG;nif; xavmufp&m *%mef;awGeJh twd_yD;wJh ESpfumvawGudk _zwfoef;cJh _yD;ygrS _zpfxGef;vmwJh ckvdk

"rRpjumudk oifu ,Grfuav; q,ftrsm;avmufeJh 0,fcsifaeovm; ? trsm;wumwdkh udk u|efawmfwdkh

bm_yKvdkh _cGif;csufrJh ay;Edkif&ovJ ? oifu usifh yGm;tm;xkwfolt_zpf cH,lrSm _zpfavawmh/ 'Dpdwf[m

aiGeJh puf0,fvdkh &paumif;wm r[kwfvdkh / Ak'<pdwf bGm;ueJ ay:vmwm_zpfvdkh u|efawmfwdkh ckvdk

aqmif@GufEdkifjuwm _zpfw,f ?

oifu tvdk&rRufpdwfudk ydkufxm;wmqdkawmh / 'DudpPtwGufudk vmwmvm; ? oifh

tawG;tac:xJrSm bmawG pOf;pm;aew,fqdkwmudk 'd_yif[if;vif;_yifrSm u|efawmfh "rRum,u tukef

od_yD;om;yg ? bm_yKvdkh vJ qdkawmh tcsdef-[if;vif;_yif ESpfckwdkh [m wpfckeJh wpfck t,ltqcsif; wlju

wmr[kwfvdkh / wpf_cm;[if;vif;_yifrSm junfh vdkuf&if oifh tawG;tac:_zpfvmykH[m tifrwefhudk

aES;auG;vSwJh _zpfpOf_zpfw,f ? oifrawG;cifuwnf;u olu tukefodESifh ae_yD ? 'gh ajumifh oifh taeeJh

rrSefwJh tawG;tac:wdkh udk pGefh ypfrS_zpfr,f ? Ak'<*kd%f;wdkh u yõmef;qufudk ,Hkjuw,f ? trsm;wumwdkh

taeeJh yõmef;qufeJh tnD ckvdka&pufqHkvmjuwm r[kwfvm; ? oif&vmwJh aemufawmh oif&oifh

&xdkufvdkh _zpfrSmaygh ? 'gh ajumifh _rwfEdk;&rSef; odygav ? tvdk&rufawG wpfpufrS ygrvmygaveJh ?

t&ifu bmoma&; tm;xkwfju&mrSm / Ak'<*dk%f;wdkh u Avmudk vufcHxm;juolrsm;yDyD /

bmrSrpOf;pm;juzdkh / AvmwHcg; 0ifjuzdkh aph aqmfjuw,f ? Þawmufß *kd%f;uawmh ewÔdudk

cH,lxm;juolrsm;yDyD / bmrSudk r@Sd / bmrSvJ rvdkcsif / bmrSrawmifhwwJh ? usifh yGm;tm;xkwfjuolwdkh

uawmh b,fvdkqdkjuovJqdkawmh / usifh vdkpdwfom @Sdyg. / pGrf;tif&vdkpdwf r@SdygwJh ? t_yKrJh t_zpfrsdK;eJh

70

usifh yGm;tm;xkwfygav / oifhpdwf&nfpdwfaoG;udkom usifh yGm;tm;xkwfygav / oifh tqifh [m wufvdkh

om vmaerSm_zpfw,f ? oif@Sdoifh @SdxdkufwmawGvJ @SdvmaerSmtrSefyg? oifh taeeJh wckckukd rpGefh

Edkif&if pGJvrf;ae&m rusayvm; ? 'DrSm u|efawmfwdkh u wcgwnf;qkdovkd/ ckavmuf_rifh wJh w&m;udk

_zefhcsDvmwm _zpfavawmh / oifh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;udkvJ _rifh _rifh awmif;qdk&rSm "rRwmyJ ? 'gh ajumifh

w&m;awmfudk tvdk&rufpdwfeJh vmoif,lvdkh r_zpfzl; ?

trsm;wumwdkh tay: wm0ef,lwJh taeeJh / u|efawmfwdkh u oifwkdh rSefvrf;qD

ac:aqmifaewm_zpfvdkh / 'Dw&m;udk ajuajunufnuf @Sif;_yoGm;rSm _zpfw,f ? wcsdKh u 'dAýp=Kudk

vdkufjuw,f ? 'dAýp=Ktvdkvdk qdkh oGm;vdrfh r,f ? oifvJ udk,fh[mukd,f csdyfydwfcH&vdrfh r,f ? _yD;awmh

u|efawmfa_ym&OD;r,f ? avmuDwGif; usifh pOfrSm ay:vmor# vlh pGrf;tifawG[m rHoum,eJh

twlygvmwJh arG;&myg tpGrf;awGcsnf; _zpfw,f ? pGrf;tifxl;vdkh ckac:aejuw,f ? ,if;wdkh [m

u|efawmfwdkh 'Dvuf@Sd[if;vif;_yifrSmom usdK;oGm;ay:^yD; / omrefvlwdkh udk txdef;tcsKyf _yKEdkifw,f?

'Dr_zpfpavmuf tpGrf;tpuav;awGudk bm_yKvdkh vdkufae&ovJ ? avmuDwGif;usifh pOfudk

ausmfvGefvmwJh tcg / 'd_yif [if;vif;_yifrSm toHk;usawmh rSmr[kwfzl; ? avmuDxGuf usifh pOfrSm usifh

vmwJh tcgusawmh / 'DpGrf;tif rSefor#udk tukefv$wfypf&rSm _zpfw,f ? oifh tem*wf usifh yGm;a&;vrf;

ajumif;u trSwftom;wpfck taeeJh / tifrwefeufwJh [if;vif;_yifxJ odyfxnfh _yD; / odkavSmifoGm;&

rSm_zpfw,f ? 'davmufuav;om toHk;usrSm _zpfw,f ?

avmuDxGufusifh a&; a&mufwJh tcg / topfwzef _yefusifh ju&rSm _zpfw,f ? olh cE<m

[mckeu u|efawmfa_ymcJh wJh "mwfjuD;(5)yg; t_yifa&mufae_yDDD _zpfwJh cE<mrsdK; _zpfae_yDaygh ? Ak'<cE<maygh?

tJh'Dvdk cE<mrsdK;udk Ak'<cE<mvdkh rac:Edkifao;zl;wJh vm; ? pGrf;tifawG _yefxGufvmatmif / 'DAk'<cE<mudk

tpuae _yefusifh &r,f ? pGrf;tifvdkh rac:awmh zl; ? Ak'< tmEkabmfvdkh ac:w,f ? ,if;[m pGrf;yum;

twdkif;rod juD;rm;w,f ? [if;vif;_yif toD;oD;rSm txdef;tcsKyf _yKEdkifw,f ? wu,fh udk

tusdK;oufa&mufwJh t&m_zpfw,f ? 'Dawmh pGrf;tifawGudk oifbm_yKvdkh vdkufae&OD;rSmvJ ? pGrf;tif

vdkufaejuolawG taeeJh omrefvlawmxJrSm oHk;zdkh / juGm;_yzdkh juHaejuwm r[kwfvm; ? Edkh r[kwf&if

bmvkyfzdkh vJ ? _rif&wmvJ r[kwf / udkifjunfh vdkh &wmvJ r[kwfzl; ? tqift_yif t_zpf cif;usif;

xm;csifOD;awmh / junfh aumif;wmrsdK;rS judKufjuwm r[kwfvm; ? ikyfaewJh oifh pdwfxJrSm ,if;ukd

oHk;csifaewmuawmh usdef;aoaygh ? ,if;udk omrefvlawmxJu twwfynmt_zpf t&vdkufvdkh ?

r_zpfzl;,if;[m omrefvGeft&mvHk;vHk;vsm;vsm; _zpfw,f ? omrefvlawmxJrSm ,if;udk juGm;_yvdkh

71

r_zpfzl; ? 0ifh juGm;_cif; udk,fYu odyf_yif;wJh tpGJwpfrsdK;_zpfw,f / tifrwef raumif;wJh pdwf_zpfw,f /

usifh olwdkh y,fypf&r,fh pdwf_zpfw,f ? oifh taeeJh ,if;wdkh udk oHk;_yD; aiG@Smzdkh / pD;yGm;wufzdkh /

omrefvlawGjum;rSm udk,fa&;yef;wdkifta&muf vSrf;zdkh juH&if om_yD;awmh r_zpfzl; ? omrefvlwkdh&Jh vlh

tzGJh tpnf;udk tqifh _rifh u [mawGeJh aESmifh ,Sufzkdh / zsufqD;zdkh juHwmom_yD;awmh qdk;wmaygh ? 'gh

ajumifh vJ aygh aygh wefwef oHk;cGifh r_yKwmaygh ?

rsm;aomtm;_zifh / uav;awGeJh t@G,f&olawGjum;rSm 'DtpGef;ESpfzufrSm pGrf;tiftay:

rsm;wmawGh &w,f ? txl;o_zifh t@G,f&wJh trsdK;orD;rsm;[m omrefvlawmxJrSm pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;

xdef;wwfjuw,f / tpGJtvrf;awG ayghjuyg;juw,f ? pGrf;tifay:vmwJh tcgrsdK;rSmvJ ukd,hfukdukd,fjuyf

rufwwfjuw,f/ juGm;csif0gcsifpdwf r@Sfjuzl; ? vli,fawGjum;rSm bm_yKvdkh ray:vG,fvJ ? txl;o_zifh

trsdK;om; vli,fawGqdk&if/omref vlwkdh&Jh vlh tzGJh tpnf;rSm vlpGrf;vlp _ycsifjuao;w,f ? &nfrSef;csuf

wpfckck xa_rmufatmif vkyf_ycsifjuao;w,f ? pGrf;tifay:vm_yD qdk&if / yef;wdkifa&mufa&; tpGrf;tp

t_zpfeJh oHk;juawmh rSm _zpfw,f ? &nfrSef;csufudk taumiftxnf azmfjuawmh rSm _zpfw,f ? 'grsdK;ukd

tv#if;cGihfr_yKEdkifzl; ? 'gh ajumifh vJ pGrf;tifray:juwmaygh?

usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&;qdkwm uav;upm;wmrsdK; r[kwfzl; ? omrefvlawmxJu twwf

ynm oabmrsdK;vJ r[kwfzl; ? tifrwef av;eufvSwJh ta&;udpPwpf&yf _zpfw,f? usifh csifovm;

rusifhcsifzl;vm; / usifh Edkifrvm; rusifh Edkifzl;vm; qdkwmeJh ywfoufvdkh / oifh ukd,fY&Jh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;

_rSifhwifa&; tay: vHk;vHk;udk wnfaewmaygh ? wu,fvdkh tjuifolwpfa,muftaeeJh wu,fh

udkpGrf;tifukdt& zrf;vdkh&r,fqdk&if / juG_yDom rSwfayawmh ? usifh yGm;tm;xkwfzdkh qdkwmawGudk olh

acgif;xJ vHk;vHk;xm;aeawmh rSm r[kwfzl;?pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;u omrefvlt_zpfrSm @Sdae&wJh jum;xJrSm /

pGrf;tifuvJ t&zrf;rdxm;wmrsdK; _zpfaeavawmh / raumif;r+ 'kp@dkufawGudk olOD;rav;pwrf;

vkyfaumif;vkyfvmvdrfh r,f ?b%fawGqdkwm aiGawGyHkaewm / enf;enf;avmuf,lvdkufprf; ?

vrf;awGrSmqdkvJ uHprf;rJawG atmaewm / yxrqkawGEd+uf,lvdkufprf; ? ckvdk udpPrsdK;awG bm_yKvdkh

ay:rvm&ovJ ? wcsdKh tckd;usihfpOf q&mawGub,fvdka_ymjuovJ qdkawmh / oDvorm"d acgif&if /

pGrf;tifay:wJh tcg 'kp@dkuf_yKwwfjuw,fwJh ? ckvdk a_ymwm rSm;ajumif; / t@Sif;udk tJ'Dvdk r[kwfajumif;

u|efawmfa_ymxm;tyfygw,f ? oDvorm"dudk ta&;rxm;&if / pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;udk rusifh &if /

pGrf;tift&Sif;udk ay:rSm r[kwfzl; ? wcsdKh u pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; aumif;juw,f ? olh tqifh rSm

pGrf;tifay:vmwJh tcg / tudkiftwG,f rwwfvdkh / rvkyfoifh rvkyfxdkufwm vkyfrdwmrsdK; awGvJ @Sdw,f?

72

'gayr,fh raumif;wmawG vkyfrdwmeJhw_ydKifeuf / pGrf;tifvJavsmh &ifavsmh / ukef&ifukef _zpfygava&m

/ xm0pOfh udk ukef&ygava&m ? _yD;awmh tqdk;qHk;uawmh vlh tpGJtvrf;awGudk yGm;vmEdkifap_cif;yJ ?

wcsdKh tckd;usihfpOf q&mawGu b,fvdka_ymjuovJ qdkawmh / olh usifh pOfudk usifh &if /

(3) &ufeJh a&m*gukEdkifr,f ? (5) &ufeJh a&m*gukEdkifr,fqdk_yD; / ajumf_imvkyfovdk vdkufajumf_imjuw,f ?

tckd;usihfpOfukefonfvdkh ac:&rSmaygh ? pOf;pm;junfh juprf;yg ? oif[m omrefvl wpfa,muf_zpfw,f ?

oifh taeeJh tckd;enf;enf;avmuf xkwfv$wfvdkuf@HkeJh / olrsm;a&m*gudk ukay;Edkifa&mwJh vm; ? oihfvkdyJ

omrefvlawG&Jh udk,fay:rSmvJ tckd;awG@SdaewmyJ ? oifusifh p_zpfayr,fh (avmifukef;) (Laogong)

trSwfyGifh vmavawmh tckd;oGif;EdkifxkwfEdkifwm wpfckyJ uGmwmaygh ? olrsm;udk oifoGm;ukay;wJh tcg /

olrsm;udk,frSmvJ tckd;awG@Sdaeavawmh / olrsm;uawmif oifh udk_yefukay; vdkuf&musaumif;usaerSm ?

tckd;awGqdkwmwpfckeJh wpfck jum;rSm b,fuvm txdef;tcsKyf @SdEdkif&rSmwJh vJ ? tckd;qdkwm a&m*gt@Sif;

ukray;Edkifzl; ? _yD;awmh oifolh udk ukay;wJh tcg / oifeJh vlemjum;rSm cGifwpfcGif _zpfay:vma&m ?

vlemudk,fay:u a&m*gtckd;awG oifh udk,fay: tukefa&mufvmrSm _zpfw,f ? oifh udk,fay:u

a&m*gtckd;awG[mvJ oleJh twlwlavmuf usaerSm _zpfw,f ? t_rpfu olh udk,fay:rSm_zpfayr,fh /

a&m*gtckd;awGrsm;vmwJh tcgus&if / oifvJa&m*g&vm&rSm_zpfw,f ? oifh taeeJh iga&m*gukEdkif

_yDvdkhxifvmwJh waehus&if/ vmvmor#vlemawGudk wHcg;zGifhukay; vmrSm_zpfw,f ? tpGJtvrf;awG

yGm;vmrSm _zpfw,f? a&m*gaysmufatmifukay;Edkif&if b,fh avmuf0rf;omvdkufrvJqdkwm ra_ymeJh

awmh ? bm_yKvdkhaysmufatmif ukay;EdkifovJ ? oifrpOf;pm; rdzl;vm; ? ta&;^cHKtckd;usihfpOfq&mawG

udk,fay:rSm tyrSDawG @Sdaejuwmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? oifh udk,Hkatmif qdk_yD; owif; csufvufuav;

enf;enf; avmufay;xm; wm? oifh taeeJh vlemoHk;av;ig;a,mufavmuf /

@Spfa,mufq,fa,mufavmuf ukay;vdkufw,fqdk&ifyJ/a_ymifygav-acsmygava&m?qHk;yg; ukefrSudk;?

olrsm;ay;xm;wJh pGrf;tifuav;uvJa_ymifukef-acsmukef/ udk,fhudk,fYuvJ pGrf;tifr@Sdqdkawmh

b,fuvmpGrf;tif @SdEdkifawmhrSmvJ ? u|efawmfwdkh tckd;usihfpOf q&mawGtaeeJh awmifrS ESpfydkif;q,fydkif;

trsm; eJh csD_yD; usifh cJh ju&wm ? t&ifuusifh &wm tifrwefh udkrvG,fvkdufwm? usifh pOfrSefudk

rdrd&&pGJrusihf/ vrf;aoGvrf; a_rSmifwdkh rSm usifh aeor#umvywfvHk; / tifrwefh udk cufrSm ?

oifjunfh av ? emrnfjuD; tckd;usihfpOfq&mjuD; wcsdKh crsm / ESpfaygif;q,faygif; trsm;usifh cJh

ygrSpGrf;tifuav;enf;enf;avmufom&aejuwm r[kwfvm; ? oifub,fwkef;urS usifh cJh wmr[kwf

73

zl; ? avh vma&;oifwef;uav; wuf@HkavmufeJh pGrf;tif&vma&mwJh vm; ? tJh'Dvkdt_zpfrsdK;&SdEdkifrSmwJh

vm; ? tJ'Dup_yD; tpGJtvrf;awG oifay:_yD rSwfayawmh ? tpGJay:_yDqdkuwnf;u a&m*gaysmufatmif

ukray;Edkif&if/ oifpdwfylawmh r,f ? wcsdKh rsm; emrnfraysmufatmifqdk_yD; / a&m*gukwJh tcg

b,ftxdtawG; ay:juovJqdk&if / 'Da&m*gigyJ &ygawmh / olaysmuf&if_yD;a&mwJh ? 'g arwWm *@k%m

yGm;wmr[kwfzl; ? olh *k%fyumoepdwfawG utv#if;ukd aysmufrSrukefyJ[m / arwWm*@k%m

yGm;EdkifrSmwJh vm; ? olu emr,fysufrSm pdk;&drf aewm ? 'Da&m*g igyJ&vdkufprf;yg[,f qdkwJh t_zpfrsdK;

a&mufavmufatmifukd _zpfae&@Smw,f ? *k%fyumoepdwfawG b,fh avmufrsm; _yif;xefvdkufovJ

qdkwm junfh juayawmh ? ckvdk &rufrsdK;ay:vm_yDqdkwmeJh / a&m*guvJolh ukd,fay: ul;vmavawmh

wmaygh ? wu,fh udk ul;vmwmaygh ? olrsm;uawmh aysmufyg_yDwJh / olh [moluawmh a&m*go,f_yD;

tdrf_yef'k=cH&@Smwmaygh ? igawmh _zifh aysmufatmif ukay;vdkuf_yDvdkh txifa&mufaewJh tcgrsdK;rSm

_zpfap / tckd;usihfpOfq&mvdkh tac:cH&wJh tcgrsdK;rSm_zpfap / oif[m 0rf;omvHk;qdkh _yD; / tjunfqdkuf

aerSm aocsmw,f ? 'gtpGJtvrf;r[kwfvm; ? raysmuf&ifawmh vif;wrd+if r+dif&awmh rSmaygh ? 'g

*k%fyumoe &rufawG r$efaewm r[kwfvm; ? _yD;awmh oifukay;wJh a&m*gonf&Jh a&m*gtcdk;awG oifh

udk,fay:tukefa&mufvmjurSm ? a&m*gtckd;awGudk b,fodhk b,fyHkt_yifxkwfypfvdkh tckd;usihfpOfq&m

twkta,mifu oifay;vdkufw,f r[kwfvm; ? u|efawmfa_ym_yr,f ? t@Sif;udk xkwfypfvdkh &rSmr[kwf

zl; ? wpfpufrS xkwfypfvdkh &rSmr[kwfzl; ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh oifh taeeJh u tckd;taumif;tqdk;udk

cGJEdkif&nfrS r@SdyJudk; ? jumavjumav / oifh udk,fxJrSm rJvmavav _zpf&awmh wmaygh ? uHajuG;

0ãfajuG; qdkwmawG[m tJ'gawGaygh ?

wu,fwrf; usifh yGm;tm;xkwfawmhrJh tcgus&if oifawmh aoa&m ? b,fh ES,fvkyfygh

rvJ ? oifh taeeJh twd'k=awG b,fxdatmifcH_yD;ygrS oifh uHajuG;0ãfajuG;awG[m t_zLa&mif

_'yft_zpf udk a&mufvmEdkifrSmvJ ? cufvdkufavpG ? txl;o_zifh yg&rD "mwfcHaumif;avav / ckvdk

_y\emrsdK; ay:wwfavavyJ ? wcsdKh u a&m*gukEdkifatmif -a&m*gukEdkifatmifqdk_yD; r&ru

vdkufjuw,f ? oifh &rufaZmudkwd&ðmefawGu _rifukefju_yDav ? oifh udk,fay: rSDvmawmh rSmaygh ?

tyrSDqdkwm 'grsdK;aygh ? oifa&m*gukcsifw,f r[kwfvm; ? ukav ? tajumif;rJh oufouf oifh udk

ukcdkif;wm r[kwfzl;aemf ? t@H+;r@Sd&if t_rwfvJ @SdrSmr[kwfzl; / odyft÷&m,f rsm;wmaemf ? tqHk;rSm

oifzdwfvdkh olrSDvmwJh tcg / oifb,fh ES,fvkyf usifh awmh rvJ ? vHk;vHk;udk ÞoGm;ß _yDom rSwfayawmh ?

wcsdKh yg&rD"mwfcH aumif;olawG[m olrsm;uHajuG;0ãfajuG;awGudk udk,fh yg&rD"mwfcHeJhvJ

74

,ljuwm _zpfw,f ? a&m*gonf wpfa,muf[m uHajuG;0ãfajuG;awG wifaevdkufwm atmvdkh ?

tonf;toefa&m*gonf wpfa,mufudk oifuk&if tdrf_yefa&mufwJh tcg rcsdrqHh cH&vdrfh r,f ? a&m*g

ukzl;juwJh u|efawmfwdkh usifh yGm;tm;xkwfol rsm;pGmwdkh taeeJh ckvdk cHpm;r+ @Sdjuw,f ? a&m*g@Sif aysmuf

_yDqdk&if udk,fh [mudk,fuawmh tdrfrSmbHk;bHk;vJ_yDom rSwfayawmh ? jumawmh uHajuG;0ãfajuG;awG oifh

tay: trsm;juD; ul;vmjurSm _zpfw,f ? olrsm;uHajuG;0ãfajuG;awGudk oifu udk,fh (wJh )awGeJh vJ,lae

&wm _zpfw,f ? t@+H;r@Sd&if t_rwfvJ r@SdEdkifyJudk; ? oif&aewmawGu a&m*gawG _zpfaeayr,fh / tJ'g

awGudk oifu udk,fh (wJh) awGeJh vJ,lae&wm_zpfw,f ? 'Dpjum0VmxJrSm ckvdk w&m;oabm wpf&yf@Sd

aew,f ? tJ'guawmh oifudk,fh [mudk,f vdkcsifwJh [mawGudk b,folurS wm;rSmr[kwfzl; ? b,fol

urSvJ taumif;a_ymrSm r[kwfzl; ? 'Dpjum0VmxJrSm xl;_cm;oD;_cm;_zpfwJh t&mwpfck @Sdaew,f ?

tJ'guawmh uHajuG;0ãfajuG;rsm;ol[m raumif;olyJaygh ? oifu olrsm;uHajuG;0ãfajuG;awGudk udk,fh

yg&rD"mwfcHeJh vJ,laewm_zpfw,f ? tJ'DuHajuG;0ãfajuG;awG rsm;vmwJh tcgusawmh oifb,fh ES,fvkyf

usifh ygh rvJ ? oifh yg&rD "mwfcHwpfckvHk; _yKwf_yKwf_yKef;ukef&awmhrSm _zpfw,f ? ajumufp&m

raumif;vm; ? olrsm;awG a&m*gaysmufukef / aevdkh xdkifvdkh aumif;ukef_zpfukefjuayr,fh / oifuawmh

tdrfrSm 'k=cHzdkh om _yifayawmh ?uifqma&m*gonf ESpfa,mufavmufudkrsm; aysmufatmif ukrd&if /

olwdkh ae&mudk oifu0if,l_yD; taocHoGm;&rSm _zpfw,f ? t÷&m,f rrsm;vm; / 'guawmh 'Dtwdkif;yJ

aygh? vlrsm;pGmwkdh[m 'DtxJuw&m;ukdrodju&Smzl;?

tckd;usihfpOf q&m ta&_cHK wcsdKh qdk&if / emrnfuawmh juD;ygayh ? 'gayr,fh emrnf}uD;wm

ukdcsnf; junfhraeeJh? Þ tqif; ß @Sdwdkif;vJ Þ tcsif; ß u @SdcsifrS @SdrSmav ? omrefvlawGqdkwm bm

odwmrSwfvdkh ? tarmifaygifvdkh aemufua,mif qdkwmrsdK;vdk / rsufpdrSdwfvdkuf ,Hkaejuwmr[kwfvm; ?

ta&_cHK tckd;usihfpOfq&mawG ckvdk vkyfaewm[m olrsm;udk tusdK;,kwfap@Hkru / udk,fh udkudk,fvJ

tusdK;,kwfapwmyJ ? aemufwpfESpf-ESpfESpfavmufjum&if junfh yg ? b,fvdkrsm; aejurvJvdkh ? usifh

yGm;tm;xkwfa&;qdkwm ckvdkzsufqD;vdkh &paumif;wmr[kwfzl; ? usifh yGm;r+[m a&m*gaysmufatmif

ukay;Edkifw,f ? 'gayr,fh a&m*guka&;twGuf oHk;zdkh r[kwfzl; ? ,if;[m omrefvGef_zpfw,f ?

u|efawmfwdkh omrefvlawmxJu twwfynmr[kwfzl; ? ,if;udkoifckvdk aygh aygh wefwef

zsufqD;wmudk vHk;vHk;cGifh r_yKEdkifzl; ? ckqdk ta&_cHK tckd;usihfpOfq&mwcsdKh [m 'DusihfpOfudk *k%fyumoe

vdkufpm;a&; / pD;yGm;_zpfa&; vufeufud&d,mt_zpf oHk;vdkoHk;ju-rdrdwdkh &Jh joZmtm%m qdk;awG

_yefhatmif vkyfvdkvkyfjueJh [m / tckd;usihfpOf e,fy,frSm uaomif;ueif;udk _zpfvdkh ? ,if;wdkh [m

75

wu,fh tckd;usihfpOf q&mawGxuf tqaygif; tyHkjuD;udk rsm;aejuw,f ? tckd;usihfpOfqdkwm 'Dvdkaygh

&,fvkdh omrefvlawGu a_ymaeju / vkyfaejuw,f 'gudk oifu ,Hka&mwJh vm; / tckd;usihfpOfqdkwm

'Dvdk ayghvkdhxif aea&mwJhvm; ? tckd;usihfpOf qkdwmb,f'Dvkd[kwfrvJ? u|efawmfa_ymaewmu wu,fh

w&m;oabm_zpfw,f ?

omrefvlwdkh taeeJh vlhtzGJhtpnf;xJrSm wpfa,mufeJh wpfa,muf qufqHju&if; /

ukd,fusdK;twGuf raumif;r+ _yKrdwJh tcg /wifvmwJh uHajuG;0ãfajuG;awGudk ukd,fh[mukd,f cHoGm;&rSm/

_yefqyfoGm;&rSm _zpfw,f ? oifh taeeJh wu,fh udkyJ a&m*gaysmufatmif ukEdkifw,f xm;OD; ? aygh aygh

wefwef oGm;ukay;vdkh _zpfrSmwJh vm; ? bk&m;awGqdkwm ae&mwum @Sdaejuwm ? 'davmufrsm;vSwJh

bk&m;awG taeeJh bm_yKvdkh 'DudpPudk rvkyfjuovJ ? vlom;awGudk oufawmifh oufom_zpfatmif

vkyfay;&if b,fh avmufaumif;rvJ ? bm_yKvdkh rvkyfjuovJ ?vlawGtaeeJh udk,fh uHajuG;0ãfajuG;

awGudk udk,fh [mudk,f qyfoGm;&rSm _zpfavawmh / 'Dw&m;oabmudk b,folrS rzsufqD;0Hh juzl; ?

tjuifol wpfa,muftaeeJh usifh yGm;tm;xkwfae&if; apwemeJh ukay;wmrsdK; @Sdaumif;@SdEdkifw,f ?

'gayr,fh vJ / vufiif;cHae&wmukd aemufrScH&apawmhqkdwJhoabmrsdK;eJh a&m*gudk aemufa@$h ypfvdkuf

wmrsdK; avmufom _zpfaumif;_zpfvdrfh r,f ? 'grSr[kwf&ifvJ / a&m*gudk aiGqHk;@H+;&wJh t_zpfrsdK; /

twd'k= a&muf&wJh t_zpfrsdK; a_ymif;ay;vdkufwmrsdK; avmufom _zpfaumif;_zpfvdrfh r,f ? 'DudpPudk

wu,fwrf; vkyfEdkifwmrsdK;juawmh / uHajuG;0ãfajuG;awGudk wcg wnf; y,f@Sif;ypfvdkufwmrsdK;usawmh

/ usifh yGm;tm;xkwfolwdkh udkrSom vkyfay;EdkifrSm _zpfw,f ? omrefvlwdkh udkawmh vkyfay;EdkifrSm r[kwfzl;

? 'Dae&mrSm u|efawmfu udk,fh *dk%f; / udk,fh abmifxJu w&m;oabmavmufudkom a_ymaewm

r[kwfzl; ? u|efawmfwkdh pjum0VmjuD; wpfckvHk;&Jh trSefw&m;udk a_ymaewm ? usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&;

avmuu t_zpfoepfrSefudk a_ymaewm ?

'DrSm u|efawmfwdkh u oifh udk a&m*gukzdkh oifay;aewm r[kwfzl; ? vrf;rjuD;qDudk/

vrf;ppf vrf;rSefqDudk ac:aqmifaewm_zpfw,f / txufudk wGJac:aewm _zpfw,f ? 'gh ajumifh

u|efawmfu "rRpjumw&m;awmfjuD;&Jh om;wynfh wdkh taeeJh a&m*grukjuzdkh / a&m*guk&if 'Dw&m;awmf

juD;u usifh ol[kwfawmh rSm r[kwfqdkwmudk oifwef;ay;wdkif; a_ymae&wm _zpfw,f ? bm_yKvdkh

vJqdkawmh / u|efawmfwdkh u oifh udk vrf;ppf vrf;rSefqDwGJac:aevdkh _zpfw,f ? pGrf;tif_rifh @kyf0wWKawGeJh

vHk;vHk;_znfh wif;_yD;wJh txd / oifh udk avmuDwGif;usifh pOfwav#mufvHk; / cE<moefh pifa&;vkyfay;^yD;&if;

vkyfay;oGm;rSm _zpfvdkh yJ ? oifh taeeJh uawmh ukd,fhukd,fay: udk,fh[mudk,f rJrJ[mawGeJh

76

xyfavmif;ae&if / b,fh ES,fvkyf usifh ygh rvJ ? tJ'gawGu uHajuG;0ãfajuG;awGav ? oifb,fh ES,fvkyf

usifh awmh rvJ ? 'D0ãfajuG;tukodkvfawGrsm;vGef;vm&if oifcHEdkif&nf @SdrSmr[kwfbl;? 'k=awG qkd&ifvJ

cH&zefrsm;vGef;&if oifusifhvkdh&rSmr[kwfawmhbl;? oabmuawmh 'gyJ ? 'Dw&m;awmfjuD;udk

u|efawmfu _zefhcsDvmae_yD ? u|efawmf _zefhcsDaewm bmvJqdkwmudk oifodcsifrS odOD;rSm ? 'Dw&m;

awmfjuD;udk _zefh csDvm_yD _zpfwJh aemufawmh / olh udk umuG,fapmifh a@Smufenf; @Sd&awmh rSmaygh ? oifh

taeeJh a&m*gukay;vm&if / oifh udk,fxJcsay;xm;wJh usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&; t&mrSefor#udk u|efawmh

"rRum,u tukef_yefodrf;rSm ? bmr[kwfwJh *k%fyumoeav;twGufeJh / ckavmuftzdk; xdkufvSwJh

[mudk oifaygh aygh wefwef zsufqD;wmrsdK;udk b,fcGifh _yKEdkifrvJ ? w&m;awmf&Jh vdkvm;csufeJh tnD

rvkyf&if / u|efawmfwdkh "rRpjumw&m;awmfjuD;u vlr[kwfawmhzl; ? oifh cE<mudk,fudk omrefvlh t_zpf

udkyJ _yefydkh ay;vdkuf&rSm _zpfw,f ? raumif;wmawGudk oifh udk _yefay;&rSm _zpfw,f ? bm_yKvdkh

vJqdkawmh / oifu omrefvl vkyfrSmudk; ?

raeh u oifwef;_yD; csdefup_yD; / u|efawmfwdkh oifwef;om;rsm;pGmwdkh taeeJh / wudk,fvHk;

aygh oGm;ovdk t_zpfrsdK;cHpm;rdjuvdrfh r,f ? 'gayr,fh tenf;wumh tenf;pk a&m*g_yif;olwdkh usawmh /

a&Sha_y; t_zpfrsdK;eJh raeh up_yD; tcH&usyfvmjuygava&m ? oifwdkh udk,fay:u raumif;wmawGudk raeh

u u|efawmfy,fypfvdkufwJh aemufrSm trsm;pktaeeJh wudk,fvHk;udk aygh vdkh / wudk,fvHk;udk aevdkh xdkifvdkh

aumif;vdkh qdkwJh t_zpfrsdK;udk cHpm;vmju&w,f ? 'gayr,fh rqkH;yJeJhr&EdkifqkdwJh pjum0Vmw&m;oabmeJh

tnD / raumif;wmawGudk tukef,lypfvdkh r_zpfzl; ? oifwdkh taeeJh enf;enf;rSrcHvdkh r_zpfzl; ?

tv#if;ukdr_zpfzl; ? qdkvdkwmu oifwdkh a&m*g&ju& / aexdkifraumif; _zpfju&wJh t&if;cH tajumif;&if;

awGudk u|efawmfwdkh ,lypfvdkufju_yD _zpfayr,fh / oifwdkh rSm a&m*gcGifawG usefao;w,fqdkwJh

oabmaygh ? 'dAýp=Ktifrwef edrfhedrfh yGifh wJh tcg / oifwdkh udk,fxJu wvdyfvdyfwcJcJ _zpfaewJh tckd;rJ

awGudka&m / arSmifydef;aewJh a&m*gtckd;awGudkyg awGh &Edkifw,f ? odyfonf;q tifrwefjuD;wJh

tJ'Dtckd;rJ tpkdiftcJ}uD; _y,fwJh tcg / oifh wudk,fvHk;tukef_yefh ukefrSm ? _ynhfukefrSm?

'Daeh up_yD; / wcsdKh u _yif;_yif;xefxef tat;rdovdk wudk,fvHk; csrf;pdrfh aevdrfh r,f ?

t@dk;awGawmif emcsifemvmvdrfh r,f ? trsm;tm;_zifh uawmh a_cawGvufawGudkuf / acgif;rl;

acgif;udkufqdkovdk uGuf_zpfjuvdrfhr,f ? t&ifu tckd;usihfpOfusifh vdkh aysmufukef_yDvdkh xifwJh

a&m*ga[mif;awGa&m / tckd;usihfpOfq&mwpfa,mufa,muf ukay;vdkh aysmuf_yDvdkh xif&wJh

a&m*ga[mif;awGyg / tukef_yefxvmjuvdrfh r,f ? bm_yKvdkhvJqdkawmh / a&m*gawGu aysmufukefwmrS

77

r[kwfyJ ? @Sd_rJ@Sdaejuwm ? aemufudka@$h ay;xm;@HkrsdK; _zpfavawmh / wpfaeh r_zpf-wpfaeh awmh

_yef_zpfvm&rSmaygh ? u|efawmfwdkh uawmh tukefqGJxkwf / tukefarmif;xkwf / t_rpfygrusefatmif

_yKwf_yKwf_yKef; okwfoifypfoGm;jurSm _zpfw,f? 'Dawmh oifwdkh u a&m*g_yefx_yDvdkh xifaumif;

xifaejuvdrfh r,f ? 'guoifwdkh uHajuG;0ãfajuG;awGudk t&if;t_rpfuae y,f@Sif;ypfwm_zpfvdkh /

wef_yefr+awG _zpfjuvdrfh r,f ? wcsdKh u [dkae&maeraumif;vdkuf / 'Dae&maeraumif;vdkuf ? wcsdKh u

'Dvdkaeraumif;vdkuf / [dkvdkaeraumif;vdkufeJh / trsdK;rsdK;cHju&vdrfh r,f ? tukefrlrSefwmawG

csnf;vkdrSwfyg? _yD;awmh u|efawmfrSmxm;&OD;r,f ? b,fh avmufjuD; tcH&cufaeae / oifwef;udkawmh

wuf_zpfatmif qufqufvmwufjuyg? oifwef;txJudkom a_ccsrdygav / oifh a&m*g v=%mawG

tukefaysmufuG,fukefrSm _zpfw,f ? bmrS t÷&m,f_zpfrSm r[kwfzl;qdkwmudk @Sif;atmifa_ymxm;yg&ap

? Þzsm;ß vdkuf Þemß vdkuforS aocsifapmfudk eHaewmyJvdkh xifae&wJh wdkifatmif / wtm;cJvmjuzdkh

ar#mfvifhw,f ? w&m;qdkwm &cJvSavpG? oifhtaeeJh tcH&cufavav / Þ 0wÔKxGãfacgif - wef_yefrkcsß

qdkovdk / oifh cE<mudk,f wpfckvHk;oefh pifvm&awmh rSm_zpfw,f / vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm; oefh pifvm&awmh rSm

_zpfw,f ? a&m*gZmpf_rpfawGuawmh y,f@Sif;ypfvdkuf_yD ? tckd;rJ wcsdKh om ysHh xGufukefp&m usefawmh vdkh

/ oifh taeeJh qif;&J'k=vJ enf;enf;avmufawmh cH&vdrfh OD;r,f ? udk,fh [mudk,f enf;enf;uav;rS

rcHvdkh awmh b,f_zpfrvJ ?

omrefvlwkdh&Jh vlh tzGJh tpnf;xJrSm / oifh taeeJh *k%fawG yumoeawGtwGuf [dkvleJh

cGufapmif;ckwf& / 'DvleJh cGufapmif;ckwf& / ttdyfysuf-tpm;ysuf _zpf&eJh [m / oifh usef;rma&;

tawmfhukd yHkysufyef;ysuf _zpfaerSudk; ? w_cm;[if;vif;_yifrSm oihfcE<mukd,fukdjunfh vdkuf&if /

t@dk;awGawmif rJcsdyf ukefju_yDav ? 'DvdkcE<mrsdK;udk wcgwnf;qdkovdk oefh pifay;wJh tcg /

wef_yefr+wpfpufuav;rS r&Sdzkdh qdkwmuawmh b,f_zpfedkifygh rvJ ? 'gh ajumifh wef_yefr+awGawmh

@SdrSmaygh ? wcsdKh qdk&if atmufav#mtxufvSef _zpfwwfjuw,f ? t&ifu te,fe,fu

oifom;rsm;taeeJh xdawGh cHpm;csufrsm;ukd u|efawmhukd a&;ay;ju&mrSm 'Dtajumif;yg ygvmwwf

juw,f ? Þ q&mcifAsm; ? u|efawmfoifwef; t_yD;tdrf_yefwJhtcg / wvrf;vHk; 'Dtdrfom0if-[dktdrfom

xGufeJh [m / tdrfa&mufwJh txdygyJ ß wJh ? udk,fwGif;t*FgawGudkyg oefh pifay;&wmudk; ?wcsdKh

usawmhvJ tdyfaysmfukefjuw,f ? u|efawmfvJ a_ym_yD;a&mEdk;vmygava&m ? bm_yKvdkh

ckvdk_zpf&ovJqdkawmh / olh acgif;xJrSm a0'em@Sdaewmudk; ? 'Dtwdkif; tpdrf;vdkufoufoufudkifwG,f&if

b,fcHEdkifygh rvJ ? 'gh ajumifh arh aq;-xHkaq;ay;xm;wJh t_zpfrsdK;a&mufatmif vkyfay;xm;&w,f ?

78

'gayr,fh wcsdKhusawmh tjum;tm@Hk bmrSr_zpfavawmh / tdyfvdkuffwmrS ESpfESpf_cdKuf_cdKuf _zpfayrJh

/wpfvHk;rusef em;xJ tukef0ifukefygava&mwJh ? tJ'Dtcsdefup_yD; vlvJ vef;vef;qef;qef;

_zpfvmygava&m ? ESpf&ufavmuf rtdyfrae aerdOD;awmh / tdyfcsifpdwfr@Sdzl;wJh ? ckvdkwpfa,mufeJh

wpfa,muf rwlwmrsd/k;awGudk tukefoÑg, _yef_zpfatmif vkyfay;oGm;rSmcsnf; _zpfw,f ?

wpfudk,fvHk; a_cqHk;acgif;qHk; oefh pifay;oGm;rSm _zpfw,f ?

"rRpjumw&m;awmf wu,fusifh olwdkh taeeJh / pdwftpGJtvrf;awGudk v$wfcsEdkifr,fqdk

&if / ckup_yD; wef_yefr+awG ay:vmvdrfh r,f ? tpGJru|wfolawGusawmh /yg;pyfuawmh a_ymyg&Jh v$wfcs

vdkuf_yDwJh ? vufawGh usawmh w_cm;pDaygh ? 'Dawmh 'DvlawGudk cE<moefh pifay;zdkh qdkwm cufvdkuf

avpG? wcsdKh usawmh vJ u|efawmfbma_ymaeovJqdkwmudk aemufydkif;rSm em;vnfvmjuw,f ?

pdwftpGJawG v$wfcsvmEdkifwmeJh tr# / cE<moefh pifa&;vJ vkyfay;cH vmju&w,f ? olrsm;awG wpfudk,f

vHk;aygh ukefawmh rS / olwdkh crsm a&m*guif;a&; ptvkyfcHvmju& / aexdkifraumif; p_zpfvm

ju&@Smw,f ? oifwef;wdkif;rSmyJ ckvdkaemufususefae&ol / todw&m;enf;enf;acgif olawG

@Sdwwfjuw,f ? 'gh ajumifh b,fvdkt_zpfrsdK;eJh juHK&-juHK& / tukefrlrSefwmawGcsnf;vdkh om oabmxm;

juayawmh ? 'd_yifae&mawGrSm oifwef;ay;wkef;uvJ ckvkdt_zpfrsdK;eJh juHK&avh&Sdw,f ? wcsdKh rsm;

tcH&usyfvGef;vdkh / ae&murxyJ ukvm;xkdifrSmarSmufaejuw,f ? olh txifu u|efawmfpifay:u

qif;vm_yD; olh udkrsm; ukay;rvm;vdkhaygh ? u|efawmfu ukay;rSm r[kwfzl; ? 'D*dwfukdawmif

oifrausmfEdkif&if rcufvm; ? a@Sh qufusifh oGm;wJh tcg / ab;'k=juD;awGudk trsm;juD; &ifqdkifoGm;&

rSm? 'guav;awmif rausmfEdkif&if / b,fh ES,fvkyf usifh ygh rvJ ? ckavmufuav;udkawmifrS

rausmfEdkifawmh zl;wJh vm;/ ausmfEdkif&rSmcsnf;aygh ? 'gh ajumifh a&m*gukay;ygqdk_yD; u|efawmfh qD

xyfvmraejuygeJh awmh ? u|efawmfuvJ ukay;rSm r[kwfzl; ? Þa&m*g ß qdkwJh 'DpmvHk;udk jum;vdkuf@HkeJh

/ u|efawmfu quf_yD;em;raxmifcsifawmh zl; ?

vlqdkwm tifrwefh udk c|wf&cufwm ? oifwef;wdkif;rSmyJ ckvdk rvdkufEdkifjuolawG

ig;&mcdkifE+ef; / q,f&mcdkifE+ef;avmuf @Sdwwfw,f ? vlwdkif;vlwdkif; w&m;awmf&if0,fydkufrdzdkh qdkwm

r_zpfEdkifzl; ? ZGJeyJusifh oGm;Edkifjuw,f xm;OD;awmh / aygufa_rmufEdkifygh rvm;qdkwmudk junfh &OD;r,f ?

pdwf'Hk;'Hk; csusifh oGm;Edkif-roGm;Edkifqdkwmudk junfh &OD;r,f ? vlwdkif;vlwdkif; bk&m;_zpfzdkh qdkwm r_zpfEdkifzl;?

w&m;awmfudk wu,fwrf; usifh olrSef&if / 'Dpmtkyfudk junfh _cif;tm;_zifh vJ / tvm;wl t_zpfrsdK;awG

_zpfay:vmjurSm _zpfw,f / &oifh &xdkufwm rSefor#udkvJ tvm;wl &vmjurSm _zpfw,f ?

79

wwd, ydkh cscsuf

oifom;rsm;udk u|efawmfu om;wynfh awGcsnf;t_zpf oabmxm;_cif;

u|efawmfb,fvkdudçwpf&yfvkyfaeovJ qdkwmudk trsm;wumwkdh odjuyg&Jh vm; ?

udk,fh [mudk,f avh vm&if; / wu,fwrf; usifh EdkifolawG tygt0if-oifom;tm;vHk;udk u|efawmfu

om;wynfh awGt_zpf wGJac: aew,f ? tqifh _rifh qD wufvSrf;&mrSm oifwdkh udk ckvdk vufwGJrac:vkdh

_zpfzl; ? Edkh r[kwf&if / wm0efrJh &m usvdrfh r,f t&rf;av#muf vkyfrd&m usvdrfh r,f ? u|efawmfwdkh u

oifwdkh udk 'davmufrsm;wJh [mawG ay;xm;w,f ? omrefvlawG rodtyfwJh w&m;oabmawG

'davmuftrsm;juD;udk odxm; apw,f ? u|efawmfu oifwdkh udk 'Dw&m;awmfjuD; oifay;w,f ? _yD;awmh

rsm;a_rmifvSwJh OçmawGudkvJ ay;oGm;OD;r,f ? udk,fcE<mudk oefh pifa&;vkyfay;w,f ? 'd_yif

_y\emwcsdKh eJh vJ ESD;E$,fvmp&m@Sdae w,f ? 'gajumifh oifwdkh udk om;wynfh vdk wGJrac:vdkh tv#if;udk

r_zpffzl;? omrefvlawGudk qkd&if/ tmumv#Kdh0SufcsufawGukd aygh aygh wefwef ckavmuf rsm;rsm;pm;pm;

aygufjum;apwmrsKd;udk b,fcGifh _yKEdkifrvJ ? 'gayr,fh wpfckawmh @Sdw,f ? ckacwfvJa_ymif;_yD ?

u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh uvJ 'l;!$wfOD;wdkufjuovdkyHkpHrsdK;awG vkyfraeawmh zl; ?

tJ'grsdK;awGubmrStoHk;uswm r[kwfzl; ? yHkpHu bmoma&;eJh wlw,f? u|efawmfwdkh 'grsdK; rvkyfzl; ?

oifh taeeJh OD;wdkufq&mwif_yDD;_yDxm;OD; / t_yif a&mufwmeJh / omrefvlawmxJrSm vkyfcsifwmawG

av#mufvkyfae xif&mav#mufusJae / *k%fwkdh/ yumoewdkh/ udk,fusKd;wkdh/ twGufeJh udk,fh zuf,ufvm;

_yKvm;/ cGufapmif;ckwfvm;_yKvm;vkyfaeor# umvywfvHk; / bmtoHk;usrSmwJh vJ ? oifh taeeJh

u|efawmfwdkh tvHxl_yD; / w&m;awmf emrnfysufap&mysufapajumif;awGudkawmif av#mufvkyfaumif;

vkyfaeOD;rSm ?

wu,fwrf; usifh zkdhqkdwm vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm;udkoifh'DpdwfeJh usifhoGm;&rSm_zpfw,f ? oifh

taeeJh om usifh Edkifr,fqdk&ifxdxdrdrd / juHh juHh cdkifcdkif OD;vnfrokef usifh oGm;Edkifr,fqdk&if / u|efawmfwdkh

u oifh udk om; wynfh t_zpf vufwGJac:oGm;rSm_zpfw,f ? tJ'Dvdk rvkyfvdkhudk r_zpfzl; ? 'gayr,fh wcsdKh

u udk,fh udkudk,f usifh olwpfa,muftaeeJh wu,fwrf; usifh oGm;csifrS oGm;EdkifrSm wcsdKh us awmhvJ

usifh oGm;Edkifp&m r@Sdzl; ? 'gayr,fh vJ vlaygif;rsm;pGmwdkh uawmh wu,fh udk usifh oGm;jurSm _zpfw,f ?

oifh taeeJh om usifh ygav / u|efawmfwdkh u om;wynfh t_zpfvufwGJac:oGm;rSm_zpfw,f ?

80

usifh uGuf 4-5wGJ avmufudkomaeh wdkif; usifh ae@HkeJh "rRpjumw&m;awmf&Jh om; wynfh

_zpfa&mwJh vm; ? trSefr@Sdzl; ? wu,fwrf; usifh wJh tcg / u|efawmfwdkh a_ymaewJh pdwf&nfpdwf

aoG;pHcdseftwdkif; vdkufemoGm;rS_zpfr,f ? rdrdpdwf&nfpdwfaoG;udk wu,fwrf; _rSifh wifay;oGm;rS_zpfr,f ?

'grsdK;u rS wu,fh udk usifh wm ? pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; wufvm_cif;r@SdyJ / t&m&m udk_znfhwif;ay;zdkh _zpfwJh

tm; aumif;wJh pGrf;tifr@SdyJeJh / usifh uGufawGavmufudkom oifusifhae&if / usifh yGm;tm;xkwf_cif;vdkh

qdkEdkifrSm r[kwfzl; ? u|efawmfwdkh uvJ oifh udk "rRpjumw&m;awmf om;wynfh t_zpf oabmxm;EdkifrSm

r[kwfzl; ? oiftaeeJh usifh uGufawG usifhaewJh wdkifatmif / 'Dtwdkif;qufoGm;cJh aomf / u|efawmfwdkh

"rRpjumw&m;awmf vdkvm;csufeJh tnD rvdkufemEdkif&if / pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; _rSifh rwifEdkif&if / omrefvl

awmxJrSm xif&mpkdif;aeOD;r,fqdk&if / wpfckr[kwfwpfckqdkovdk _*dK[fwdk;&vmp&mvJ @Sdvdrfh r,f ?

u|efawmfwdkh "rRpjumw&m;awmf usifh rdvdkh oiftwdrf;tapmif;_zpf&wmvdkh vJ a_ymaumif;a_ymvmvdrfh

r,f ? 'gtukef _zpfEdkfifwmcsnf;yJ ? 'gh ajumifh oifh taeeJh u|efawmfwdkh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;pH!$ef;eJh tnD

wu,f wrf; vdkufemaqmif@GufygrSom / wu,fusifh ol rnfayr,f ? u|efawmftukef

@Sif;atmifa_ym_yD;_yD ? 'gh ajumifh q&mwif_cif;qdkwmrsdK;vdk t_yifyHkyef;qefqef udpPrsdK;twGufeJh /

u|efawmfh qD xyfvmraejuyg eJh awmh ? oifh taeeJh wu,fwrf;om usifh ygav / u|efawmfu

ckvdkoabmxm;oGm;rSm _zpfw,f ? u|efawmfh "rRum,awG[m ra&rwGufEdkifavmufatmif rsm;vSwm /

'Doifom;awGavmuf ra_ymeJh / 'dxuffrsm;OD;awmh u|efawmfu tkyfxdef;oGm;EdkifrSmcsnf; _zpfw,f ?

Ak'<*dk%f;usifh pOfeJh Ak'<bmom Ak'<*dk%f;usifh pOf[m Ak'<bmomr[kwfzl; ? 'Dtcsufudk u|efawmf@Sif;atmif a_ym xm;&

r,f? pifppf Þawmufß *dk%f; usifh pOfvJ Þawmufß bmomr[kwfzl; ? u|efawmfwdkh usifh olwcsdKh [m

'DudpPawGudk&Sif;udkr@Sif;juzl; ? wcsdKhu auskmif;wkdufawGu bkef;juD;awG_zpf_yD;/ wcsdKhuawmh

OygoumawG_zpfjuw,f ? olwdkh u Ak'<bmomxJu udpPawGudk rdrdodwmrsm;w,fqdk_yD; / u|efawmfwdkh

oifom;rsm;jum;rSm Ak'<bmomxJu udpPawGudk eif;uef0g'_zefh juw,f ? u|efawmfa_ymxm;r,f ?

tJ'Dvdk rvkyfjueJh ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh w&m;abifcsif; wljuwmr[kwfvdkh _zpfw,f ? bmom a&;u

bmoma&;yHkpHeJh _zpfw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh 'DrSmuawmh / u|efawmfwdkh 'D*dk%f;u usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&;

tpdwftydkif;wpf&yfudk _zefhcsdaewm_zpfw,f ? "rRpjumw&m;awmf utcsdef_ynfhusifhaejuwJhom;wynfh

wdkh uvGJvdkh / bmom a&;yHkpHudk vdkufzdkh rvdkzl; ? 'gh ajumifh "rRtqHk;umvu Ak'<bmom r[kwfzl; ?

81

Ak'<bmomxJu"rR[m Ak'<"rRxJu tpdwftydkif;uav;wpf&yfom_zpfw,f ? tifrwef

_rifh_rwf tifrwefeufeJwJh w&m;awmfjuD;awGvJ trsm;juD;@Sdao;w,f ? tqifh toD;oD;wdkh rSmvJ

rwlwJh w&m;awG@Sdjuao;w,f? @Sifawmfousrkedu usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&;"rR=E<maygif; @Spfaomif;

av;axmif@Sdajumif; a[mjum;cJhw,f? (w@kwf) Ak'<bmomxJrSmawmh/ enf;enf;yJ@Sdw,f ? ,if;wdkh

uawmh / Þxsefxdkifß (Tian-tai)usifhh pOfÞ[Gm,ifß (Hua-yan) usifh pOf /ÞZifß usifh pOf / 0dok'<da_rpif usifh

pOf / wdAuf v#dKh 0Suf usifh pOf ponfwdkh _zpfw,f ? tpGef;xGufawmif r@Sdzl; ? 'gh ajumifh ,if;[m

Ak'<"rRwpf&yfvHk;udk v$rf;_cHK_cif; r_yEdkifzl; ? ,if;[m Ak'<"rR&Jh tpdwftydkif;uav; wpf&yfom_zpfw,f ?

u|efawmfwdkh "rRpjumw&m;awmf[mvJ @Spfaomif;av;axmifaom "rR=E<mrsm;xJu wpfcktygt0if

_zpfw,f ? ueOD; Ak'<bmomeJh a&m "rR tqHk;umv Ak'<bmomeJh a&m oufqdkif_cif; r@Sdzl; ?

acwfbmoma&;awGeJh vJ oufqdkif_cif; r@Sd zl; ?

Ak'<bmomudk vGefcJh wJh ESpfaygif; ESpfaxmifh ig;&mavmufu a@S;tdêd,_ynfrSm @Sifawmf

pjumrkedu wnfaxmifcJh wm_zpfw,f ? od'd<yGifh? Om%fawmfyGifh vmwJh tcg / @Sifawmfousrked[m olh

Om%fawmf xJ_yefay:vmwJh twdwfu usifh yGm;tm;xkwfcJh wmawGudk vlom;taygif; tu|wfw&m;&

ap&ef xkwfazmf_zefh csD cJh w,f ? olh *dk%f;xJrSmusrf;pmtkyfawG b,fESpfaomif;avmuf @Sdaeae /

pifppfawmh pum;vHk;oHk;vHk;eJh _yD;aewm_zpfw,f ? 'D*dk%f;&Jh xl;_cm;csufu ÞoDv-orm"d-ynmß vdkh ac:

w,f ? oDvqdkwmu omref vlawGjum;u &rufrSefor#_ywfukefapzdkh/ tusdK;pGJrufr+awG _yKef;ukefap

atmif twif;tusyfzefwD;ay;zdkh / avmuDa&;&mt_zm_zmeJh uif;_ywf apzdkh ponfwdkh _zpfw,f ?

'Denf;tm;_zifh tjuifol&Jh pdwf[m bmrSpOf;pm; raeyJ pdwfAvmt_zpfudk a&mufvmEdkifvdrfh r,f ?

wnf^idrf vmEdkifvdrfh r,f ? 'guawmh t_yeftvSeftusKd;oufa&mufaejuwJh oabmaygh ? tJ'Dvdk

wnf^idrf vmwJh tcg / pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;wufvdkh –wufvkdh omvmatmif / at;csrf;wnf_idrfpGm ydyd&d&d

judK;judK;ukwfukwf w&m;xkdif usifh oGm;&rSm_zpfw,f ? 'gu 'D*dk%f;&Jh wu,fh usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&;

tydkif;_zpfw,f ? olwdkh [mu udk,fcE<m usifh uGuf bmrSrygzl; ? ukd,fcE<mw_zpfvJa&;vJ rygzl; ? tqifh

tqHk;t_zwfay;wJh usifh&nfusifhaoG;udkomusifh juw,f ? 'gh ajumifh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;udk pGJusifh juw,f?

cE<musifh a&; vkyfaep&m rvdkawmh / pGrf;tiftoGifopf ul;a_ymif;a&;udkvJ tm@Hkxm;aep&m r vdkzl;aygh ?

wpfcsdefwnf;rSm wnf_idrfpGrf;wufvmatmif t_idrf; "mwfudk usm;uefay;oGm;jurSm _zpfw,f?

w&m;xdkifwJh tcg 0ãfajuG;uHajuG;awGudkaumif;aumif; qyf&musatmif / ay:vmor# emusifudkufcJ

pl;atmifh axmifh eifh a0'emrSefor#udk ZGJcdkifcdkifqif;&Jyifyef;juD;pGm onf;cHusifh oGm;jurSm _zpfw,f ?

82

ynmqdkwmuawmh w&m;tvif;yGifh vm / oAý!kwOm%fawmf taygif;eJh _ynfh pHkvm_cif; udkqkdvkdwm

_zpfw,f ? tJ'Dtcgus&if pjum0VmjuD;&Jh trSefw&m;udk awGh vm&rSm_zpfw,f ? pjum0VmtwGif;@Sd

[if;vif;_yiftoD;oD;wdkh u o@kyfoueftrSefwdkh udk awGh vm&rSm_zpfw,f ? bkef;

wefcdk;tmEkabmfte÷eJh _ynfh pHkvmrSm_zpfw,f? tJ'g Om%fawmfyGifh _cif; / w&m;tvif;yGifh _cif;vdkh

ac:w,f / od'<dyGifh _cif;vdkh vJ ac:w,f ?

@SifawmfousrkedtaeeJh 'D*dk%f;axmifpOf / tdêd,rSm bmoma&;@SpfrsdK; w^ydKifwnf; _yefh

yGm;aew,f ? teufjuD; t_rpfwG,faewmu _A[R%bmomvdkh ac:w,f ? @Sifawmfousrked[m

wpfoufvHk;yJ 'd_yif bmomawGeJh t,l0g'a&;&m twdkuftcH _zpfcJh &w,f ? @Sifawmfousrked_zefhcsD

wmu w&m;ppf w&m;rSef_zpfavawmh/ ol_zefhcsDwJh Ak'<"rR[m wpfav#mufvHk; xGef;um;onfxuf

xGef;um;vmovdk / 'd_yif bmomawGuawmh qkwf,kwfonfxufqkwf,kwfvmju&w,f ? teufjuD;

t_rpfwG,faewJh _A[R%bmomawmifrS _yKwf_yKwf_yKef;rwwf _zpfvm& @Smw,f ? 'gayr,fh

@Sifawmfousrked y&dedAýmefpHawmfrlwJh aemufusawmh / 'd_yif bmomawG _yefx vmju_yefa&m ?

txl;o_zifh _A[R%bmomvJ _yef_yD;zGHh^zdK;vm_yefa&m ? 'Djum;xJ / Ak'<bmomxJrSm b,fvdkta_ctae

wpf&yf ay:vmovJqdkawmh / &[ef;wcsdKh [m rwlwJh tqifh awGrSm od'<dyGifh vmju / w&m;tvif; yGifh

vmjuw,f ? 'gayr,fh tqifh u edrfh w,f ? @Sifawmfousrkedu wxm*wtqifh udk a&mufae_yD ?

&[ef;rsm;pGmwdkh uawmh 'Dtqifh ra&mufjuao;zl; ?

rwlwJh tqifh awGrSm / Ak'<w&m;awmftaeeJh rwlwJh ay:vGif r+awG @Sdaew,f ? 'gayr,fh

_rifh av-trSefw&m;eJh eD;av / edrfh av trSefw&m;eJh a0;av_zpfw,f ? 'ghjumifh tqifh edrfh rSm od'<dyGifh

ju / w&m;tvif;yGifh juwJh &[ef;awGu / rdrdwdkh tqifh rSm _rif&wJh pjum0Vm ay:vGif_yr+awG / od&wJh

ta_ctaeawGeJh oabmaygufwJh w&m;oabmwdkh udk rlwnf_yD; / @Sifawmfousrked rdefh _rGufoGm;wJh

pum;awGudk t"dÑm,f@Sif;_yjuw,f ? b,fvdkvJqdkawmh / &[ef;wcsdKh u @Sifawmfousrked a[moGm;wJh

w&m;awGudk 'Dvdkt"dÑm,f@Sif;vm; / [dkvdk t"dÑm,f@Sif;vm; vkyfvmjuw,f ? wcsdKh u awmhvJ

udk,foabmaygufwJh [mawGudk @Sifawmfousrked&Jh pum;t_zpfeJh a_ymvmjuw,f ? @Sifawmf

pjumrked&Jh e*dkpum;&if;udkawmh ra_ymjuawmh zl; ? 'Dawmh Ak'<w&m;awmf[m yHkysufyef;ysuf _zpfukef&

wmaygh ? @Sifawmfpjumrked a[moGm;wJh w&m;t@Sif;udk r[kwfawmh zl;aygh ? aemufqHk;taeeJh usawmh /

Ak'<bmomxJuAk'<w&m;awmf[m tdêd,rSm aysmufuG,fukef&ygava&m ? 'gjuD;av;wJh ordkif;oifcef;

pmwpf&yf_zpfw,f ? 'gajumifh aemufawmh tdêd,rSm Ak'<bmom r@Sd@Smawmh zl; ? raysmufuG,fcif Ak'<

83

bmom[m _yK_yifa_ymif;vJr+rsm;pGmudk _zwfoef;cJh &w,f ? aemufqHk;usawmh / _A[R%bmomxJu[m

wcsdKh eJh aygif;pyf_yD; / [dêLbmomvdkh ac:aewJh tdêd,u vuf@Sdbmomt_zpfudk a&muf@SdvmcJh &w,f ?

bmbk&m;rS rudk;uG,fawmh yJ / w_cm;[m wcsdKh udk udk;uG,fvmjuw,f ? @SifawmfousrkedukdvJ r,Hk

juawmh zl; ? ,if;[m ckvdkta_ctaersdK; _zpfw,f ?

Ak'<bmomtaeeJh olh _zpfpOfwpfav#mufrSm tawmftwefjuD;rm;wJh _yK_yifa_ymif;vJr+

wcsdKhudk _zwfoef;cJh&w,f ? wpfcku @SifawmfousrkeduG,fwJh aemuf odyfrjumcif / wcsdKh u

@Sifawmfousrked a[moGm;wJh tqifh _rifh w&m;oabmudkta_c_yK_yD; / r[m,me (edAýmefoGm;,mOf

tjuD;*dk%f;) Ak'<bmomudk wnfaxmifvdkufjuw,f ? @Sifawmfousrked twdtvif;a[moGm;wJh

w&m;awG[m olvdkudk,fvdkvlawGudk a[moGm;wm_zpfw,f ? owW0gtaygif; tu|wfw&m;& a&;rygzl;?

udk,fh [mudkf,fu|wfvGwfa&; / &[÷mt_zpf&a&;yJ ygw,fqdk_yD; / ,if;udk [de,me (edAýmefoGm;,mOf

ti,f*kd%f;) Ak'<bmomvdkh ac:juw,f ? ta@Sh awmiftm@S EdkifiHrsm;u bkef;juD;awGu @Sifawmfous

rkedacwfu ueOD;usifhenf;awmfawGudk xdef;odrf;xm;juw,f ? ,if;udk [de,mevdkh u|efawmfwdkh

[ef(w@kwf)e,fuac:w,f ? olwdkh udk,fY uawmh todtrSwf r_yKjuzl;aygh ? rdrdwdkh u @Sifawmfous

rked&Jh tpOftvmudk rl&if;twdkif;qufcHxm; juwmvdkh olwdkh u cH,lxm;juw,f ? {ueftrSefudk

'Dtwdkif;yJ? @Sifawmfousrkedacwfu usifh yHkusifhenf;awGudk olwdkhuta_ccHtm;_zifh qufcHxm;juw,f?

_yK_yifa_ymif;vJ_yD; r[m,meAk'<bmomtaeeJh u|efawmfwdkh w@kwf_ynfudka&mufvm

wJhaemuf/ u|efawmfwdkh EdkifiHrSm ta_cpdkufrdvmw,f ? cku|efawmfwdkh EdkifiHrSm _yefhyGm;aewJh ckvdkAk'<bm

omrsKd;aygh ? pifppf,if;[m@Sifawmfousrkedacwfu Ak'<bmomeJh vHk;vHk;udkw_cm;wbmompD_zpfae_yD ?

0wfyHkpm;yHkutp / w&m;oabmaygufa&; ta_ctaewckvHk; / w&m;tm;xkwfa&; _zpfpOfwckvHk;wdkh

txd / tukefta_ymif;tvJ awG_zpfukef_yD ? ueOD;Ak'<bmomu @Sifawmfousrkedudkom a&S;OD;

to#ifocifudk,fawmf_rwfjuD;t_zpf udk;uG,fwm ? 'gayr,fh rsufarSmufAk'<bmomusawmh /

bk&m;awGa&m / aAm"dowWjuD;awGa&m renf;zl; / bk&m;pHkudk;uG,faejuw,f ? Ak'<bmomtaeeJh

bk&m;pHk udk;uG,fwJh bmom_zpfvmwmeJh tr# / trdwmbbk&m; / aboì*k@k bk&m; /r[mol&d, bk&m;

ponfwdkh / aAm"dowWjuD;rsm;pGmwdkh udk udk;uG,fvmjuw,f ? 'DvdkeJh Ak'<bmomwpfckvHk;[m

@Sifawmfousrked wnfaxmifpOfueJh vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm;udk rwlawmh zl; ?

'DtawmtwGif;rSm _yK_yifa_ymif;vJr+wpf&yf xyf_zpfcJh zl;w,f ? @Sifawmfem*Zk% aAm"d

owWu v#dKh 0Sufusifh enf;wpf&yf xkwfazmf_zefh csDvmw,f ? tdêd,uae tmz*efepPwefeJh u|efawmfwdkh

84

@Sifusef;uwqifh [efe,fxJudk a&mufvmw,f ? tJ'Dwkef;u xefrif;qufacwf_zpfvdkh / ,if;udk xefvd#Kh

0Sufusifh pOfvdkh ac:juw,f ? w@kwf_ynf[m uGef_zL;@Syf t,l0g' joZmjuD;vdkh / ukd,fusifhw&m;t,l

tqwkdh[m omrefvlrsdK;rsm;eJh _cm;em;w,f ? 'Dv#dKh 0Sufusifh pOfrSm usm;-r pHkwGJusifh enf;awG ygw,f ?

t&yfxJu vufrcHEdkifvdkh / xefrif;qufu Þa[Gh csef;ßumvtwGif; Ak'<bmomudk EdSrfeif;pOfty,fcH

vdkuf&w,f? xefv#dKh 0Sufusifh pOf[mu|efawmfwdkh [efe,frSm aysmufuG,foGm;&w,f ? ck*syef_ynfu

ta@Sh v#dKh 0Sufusifh pOfqdkwm [dkacwf[dktcgu w@kwf_ynfuae *syef_ynfudk a&mufoGm;wm_zpfw,f ?

'gayr,fh ÞOD;xdyfrS oGef;avmif;_cif;ßr_yK&ao;zl; ? v#dKh 0Sufusifh pOftvdkt&qdk&if / ÞOD;xdyfrS oGef;

avmif;_cif;ßr_yK&ao;yJeJh / olh usifh pOfudk oif,loGm;&if / w&m;cdk;_cif;t_zpf oabmxm;rSm_zpfw,f ?

vufxyfoifay;_cif;t_zpf todtrSwf_yKrSm r[kwfzl;wJh ? aemufwpfvrf;uawmh / tdêd,uae eDayg-

eDayguae wdAufudk a&mufoGm;wm_zpfvdkh / wdAuf v#dKh 0Sufusifh pOfvdkh ac:w,f / cktxd qdkygawmh ?

Ak'<bmom[m tjurf;zsif;tm;_zifh ckvdkta_ctaersdK; _zpfw,f ? ,if;&Jh _zpfay:a_ymif;vJr+ awGudk

u|efawmfu wdkwdk&Sif;&Sif; tusOf;csHK;a_ymcJh _yD ? Ak'<bmom_zpfpOf wpfav#mufvHk;rSm / aAm"d"rR

wnfaxmifwJh ÞZifß *kd%f;wdkh / 0dok'<d a_rpif*dk%f;wdkh / Þ[Gm,efß *dk%f;wdkh vJ ay:cJh juw,f ? ,if;wdkh [m

[dkacwf[dktcgu @Sifawmfousrked rdefh _rGufcJh wmawGudk rdrdwdkh iHkrdju oabmaygufjuovdk

teufaumuf_yD; wnfaxmifcJh juwm_zpfvdkh / _yK_yifxm;wJh Ak'<bmomawG xJrSmtusKH;0ifaewmvdkhqkd

&rSm ? Ak'<bmomxJrSm ckvdkq,f*dk%f;ausmf @Sdw,f ? tukefbmoma&; yHkoGifaqmifaejuwmcsnf;_zpfvdkh

Ak'<bmom&Jh tpdwftykdif;wpf&yf _zpfayw,f ?

'D&mpkESpftwGif;-'D&mpkESpfwif b,furvJ / vGefcJh wJh &mpkESpfrsm;twGif; uÝmha'otoD;

oD;rSm axmifcJh juwJh bmomopfrsm;pGmwdkh[m / rsm;aomtm;_zifh twkta,mifawG _zpfjuw,f ?

Om%fawmf@Sif juD;awGtaeeJh vlawGudk u|wfap&mrSm / udk,fydkiftmum_ynfawmfawG @Sdaejuwmcsnf;

_zpfw,f ? @Sifawmfousrked - trdwmb / r[mol&d, ponfwdkh vdk wxm*w bk&m;@Sifwdkh taeeJh

vlawGudk u,fwifzdkh &m rdrdwdkhukd,fpDOD;pD;aejuwJh uÝmawG @Sdaejuwmcsnf; _zpfw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh

'De*g;aiGh wef; ju,fpkjuD;twGif;rSm / ckvdkuÝmawG wpf&mausmf@Sdw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh "rRpjumw&m;

awmfvJ "rRpjumuÝm @SdaewmvJ ?

*dk%f;wk usifhpOfwkwdkh taeeJh rdrdwdkh aemufvdkufaemufygawGudk

b,fae&mawGudkrsm;u,f oGm;EdkifjurSmvJ ? vlawGudk olwdkhru,fEdkifjuzl; ? olwdkh a_ymwmawG[m

"rRr[kwfzl; ? rSefw,f vlwcsdKh [m bmomaxmifpu / bmomppf bmomrSefawGudk zsufqD;wJh

85

rdðm_zpfcsifwJh &nfrSef;csuf r@Sdju zl; ? olwdkh taeeJh rwlwJh tqifh awGrSm od'<dyGifh / w&m;tvif;yGifh

vmjuwJhtcg / w&m;oabmwcsdKh udk awGh vmju&w,f ? 'gayr,fh vlawGudk tu|wfw&m;&apEkdifwJh

Om%fawmf@SifjuD;awGeJh pm&if / olwdkh [mu r,SOfomavmufatmif uGmaewmaygh ? tqifh u edrfh

vSwmaygh ? olwdkh taeeJh w&m;oabmwcsdKh udk awGh vmju&wJh tcg / omrefvlawGjum;u wcsdKh

[mawGrSm;aerSef; awGhvmju&w,f ? ukodkvf aumif;r+awG b,fodkh b,fyHk_yKjuzdkh vJ a_ym_yjuw,f ?

tpydkif;rSmawmh 'd_yifbmomawGudk oGm;vJ qefh usifraezl; ? aemufykdif;rSm vlawGu olwdkh udk

qnf;uyfvmjuygava&m ? olwdkh a_ymwm w&m;enf;vrf;us w,fqdk_yD; / ,Hkonfxuf ,Hkvmjuyg

ava&m ? 'DvdkeJh bmomomoemudk rjunf!dkjuawmh yJ / olwdkh udk junf!dkvmjuygava&m ? olwdkh

taeeJh uvJ *k%fyumoepdwfawG xvmjuw,fqkd&ifyJ olh vlawGudk Þigh udk bGJh wpfckckavmuf

ay;juprf; ß qdk_yD; vkyfvmjuygava&m ? tJ'Dup_yD; bmomtopfwpf&yf axmifvmygava&m ?

u|efawmfa_ymr,f ,if;wdkh [m rdðmbmomawGcsnf; _zpfw,f ? vludk 'k= ray;wJh wdkifatmif

rdðmbmomawGyJ_zpfw,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh trsm;wumwdkh taeeJh bmomppf

bmomrSefudk ,Hkjunfa&;tzdkh taESmifh t,Suf _zpfapvdkh _zpfw,f ? bmomppf bmomrSefawGu vludk

u,fEdkifju ayr,fh / ,if; wdkh uawmh ru,fEdkifjuzl; ? jumawmh w_znf;_znf;eJh uG,f&mrSm

raumif;wmawG vkyfvmjuyg ava&m ? 'Dwavm 'Dvdk tpm;xJu[mrsdK;awG u|efawmfwdkh

w@kwf_ynfudk a&mufvmjuwmvJ renf;zl; ? uGrf,if*dk%f;qdkwm[m wpfcktygt0ifaygh ? 'gh ajumifh

trsm;wumwdkh taeeJh juyfjuyfowdcsyf juygav ? ta@Shtm@S EdkifiHwpfEdkifiHrSm / tJ'Dvdk

*dk%f;trsdK;aygif;eSpfaxmifausmf @Sdw,fvdkh qdkw,f ? ta@Shawmiftm@SeJh wcsKdhtaemufEdkifiHwkdhrSm

/ ,HkjuwmawG[m rsdK;pHkvdkh wJh ? EdkifiHwpf EdkifiHrSmqdk&if pkef;uap twwf&,fvdkh awmif txifu&

@Sdaew,f ? 'gawG[m "rRtqHk;umvrSm ay:vmwJh raumif;qdk;0g; awGcsnf;_zpfw,f ?

"rRtqHk;umvrSm Ak'<bmomwif b,f[kwfygh rvJ / tifrwef_rifh wJh tqifhwpfqifhatmufu

[if;vif;_yifrsm;pGmwdkh vJ qkd;vmysufpD;vmjuwmudk qkdvkdwm_zpfw,f ? "rRtqHk; qdkwm

Ak'<bmomxJu "rRtqHk;udkom qkdvkd r[kwfzl; ? vlh avmurSm od=apmifhxdef;zdkh_zpfwJh txdef;tuGyf

w&m;&,fvdkh vlawG&Jh pdwfxJrSm r@Sdjuawmh zl; qdkwmudkvJ qkdvdkwm_zpfw,f ?

{up&%(wpfckwnf;aom usifh pOfudkom pGJusifh a&;)

86

wpfckwnf;aom usifh pOfudkom pGJusifh zdkh u|efawmfwdkh u cH,lxm;juw,f ? b,fvdkyJ

usifh usifh / wpf_cm;[mawGeJh a&musifh vdkh r_zpfzl; ? OygoumwcsdKh [m Ak'<bmomxJu[mawGudkvJ

usifhaeju / u|efawmfwdkh "rRpjumw&m;awmfu[mawGudkvJ usifh aejuw,f ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f ?

aemufqHk;rSm / oifwdkh bmrS &jurSmr[kwfzl; ? b,folurSvJ ay;jurSmr[kwfzl; ? u|efawmfwdkh [m Ak'<

*dk%f;csnf; _zpfjuayr,fh / pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; _y\emay:aewmudk; ? wpfcsdefwnf;rSm {up&%qkdwJh

usifh pOfwpfckwnf; udkom pGJusifh zdkh _y\emvJ ay:aewmudk; ? oifh taeeJh udk,fcE<mwpfckyJ @Sdw,f ?

'Dawmh oifh udk,frSm b,f*dk%f;u pGrf;tifay:vm&rSmvJ ? b,fvdkvkyf_yD; wpf_zpf a_ymif;vJay;oGm;

&rSmvJ ? oifb,f oGm;rvJ ? b,f*dk%f;u usifh pOftwdkif;usifh &if b,fudk a&muf&rSm _zpfw,f ? Þ0dok'<d

a_rpif usifh pOfß twdkif;usifh &if / trdwmb bk&m;@Sif&Jh te÷okcuÝmudk a&muf&rSm_zpfw,f ?

aboì*k@kbk&m;@Sif&Jh usifh pOftwdkif;usifh &if / a0æK&d,uÝmudk a&muf&rSm _zpfw,f ? bmoma&;xJ

rSm ckvdka_ymaejuw,f ? t'Gg"arRm ({aum "arRm)wJh ?

u|efawmfwdkh 'DrSma_ymwJh usifh uGufusifhr+qdkwmvJ / wu,fhudk pGrf;tifa_ymif;

vJa&;_zpfpOfwpf&yfvHk; [m / olh udk,fydkifusifh pOfvrf;twdkif; oGm;aewm_zpfw,f ? 'Dawmh

oifb,fvrf;vdkufrvJ ? oifu avSeHESpfzufeif;xm;avawmh bmrS&rSm r[kwfzl; ? usifh

yGm;tm;xkwfa&;eJh ausmif;wkdufawGu bk&m;w&m;tm;xkwfa&;wdkh jum;rSm / wpfckeJh wpfck a&maESmusifh

vdkh r_zpf@Hkru / usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&; tcsif;csif; / tcdk;usifh pOf tcsif;csif; / bmoma&; tcsif;csif;wdkh

jum;rSmvJ / wpfckeJh wpfck a&maESmusifh vdkh r_zpfzl; ? bmomwpfckxJu wpf*dk%f;eJh wpf*dk%f;jum;rSmvJ

a&maESmusifh vdkh r&zl; ? judKuf&mwpfckck udkom a@G;usifh &rSm _zpfw,f ? 0dok'<da_rpif qdk 0dok'<da_rpif rS /

v#dKh 0Suf qdk v#dKh 0Suf rS / Zif qdk Zif rS _zpfwm ? oifh taeeJh 'D[mvJusifh -[dk[mvJusifh eJh

avSeHESpfzufeif;aeor# umvywfvHk; / bmqdkbmrS &rSmr[kwfzl; ? wenf;tm;_zifh a_ym&&if /

Ak'<bmomxJrSmawmifrS / t'Gg"arRm ({aum "arRm)udk cH,lxm; aejuwm / a&maESmusifh vkdhr_zpfzl;av ?

oluvJ usifh wmyJ / oluvJ tm;xkwfwmyJ / 'gayr,fh pGrf;tif_zpfpOfwdkh usawmh / *dk%f;udk,fpDwdkh &Jh usifh

pOftwdkif; / zGHh^zdK;_zpfpOftwdkif; oGm;aejuwmcsnf; _zpfw,f ? 'd_yif [if;vif;_yifrSmvJ 'Denf;ESifESifyJ ?

tifrwefh udk @+yfaxG; / tifrwefh udk odrfarGh qef;ju,fvSwJh _zpfpOf_zpfw,f ? 'd_yif[mawGudk aygh aygh

wefwef a&maESmusifh vdkh &wm r[kwfzl; ?

Ak'<*dk%f;uusifh pOf usifh aerSef; od&wJh tcg / OygoumwcsdKh u u|efawmfwdkh oifom;rsm;udk

ausmif;wkdufac:oGm;_yD; / Ak'<bmom abmifoGwfoGif;juw,f ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f ? cka&muf&Sd aejuwJh

87

u|efawmfwdkh oifom;rsm;taeeJh / 'DudpPrsdK;udk b,folrS rvkyfjuaveJh ? Edkh r[kwf&if / u|efawmfwdkh

w&m;awmfudka&m / Ak'<bmomxJu ynwfcsufudkyg zsufqD;&m usvdrfh r,f ? wpfcsdefwnf; rSm /

oifom;awGudkvJ bmrSr&apatmif taESmifh t,Suf _yK&musvdrfh r,f ? 'Dawmh b,f_zpfrvJ ? usifh

juHtm;xkwf_cif; qdkwm cefhxnf av;eufvSwJh ta&;_zpfwmrdkh / wpfckckudkom pGJusifh &rSm _zpfw,f ?

omrefvlawGjum; rSm u|efawmfwdkh _zefh csDwJh 'Dtydkif;[m bmoma&; r[kwfayr,fh /

aygufa_rmufatmif_rif vmwmeJh tr# / od'<dvJayguf / w&m;tvif;vJ&olt_zpf a&muf@SdvdkwJh

&nfrSef;csuf csif;uawmh tukef wljuwmcsnf;_zpfw,f ?

"rRtqHk;umva&mufwJh tcg / ausmif;wkdufawGu &[ef;awGtaeeJh awmifrS rdrd

udk,fudk tu|wfw&m;&atmif vkyfzdkh cufrSm_zpfavawmh um / OygoumawGqdk om_yD;awmh awmif

a_ymp&m @Sdawmh rSmr[kwf / *@kpdkufrJh ol@Sdawmh rSm r[kwfvdkh @Sifawmfousrkedu rdefh qdkcJh w,f ?

q&mwif_yD;_yDqdk_yD; vkyf raeeJh / q&mqdkol[mvJ usifh aewJhvl _zpfavawmh um / vufawGh rusifh

or# umvywfvHk; / ta[moduH _zpf&rSmcsnf; _zpfw,f ? 'Dpdwfudk rusifh or# umv ywfvHk; / b,folrS

wufvdkh &rSm r[kwfzl; ? omoemh abmifoGwfoGif;_cif;qdkwmu omrefvlawGjum; u

toGifoÐmefwpf&yf_zpfw,f ? tJ'Dvdk oGif;vdkuf@HkeJh Ak'<*dk%f;om; _zpf&a&mwJh vm; ? bk&m;ocifu

tkyfxdef;a&mwJh vm; ? b,f[kwf rvJ ? oifh taeeJh aeh @SdoI xdyfaygufavmufatmif 'l;wkyf

OD;wdkufaeae / tar$;wdkifawG wpfqkyfjuD; wpfqkyfjuD; @+dh aeae / tvum; yJ ? oifh pdwfudk wu,fwrf;

vufawGh usifhrS _zpfr,f? "rRtqHk;umvjuD; qdkufae_yD_zpfwmeJh tr# / pjum0VmjuD;vJ

a_ymif;vJ_cif;ru a_ymif;vJvm_yD ? bmoma&; udk;uG,fjuwJh ae&mawGawmifrS r[ef juawmh zl; ?

'Dt_zpfudk pGrf;tif@Sdol (bkef;juD;awG tygt0if ) awGvJ awGh ae&_yD ? rsufarSmuftcsdefrSm /

wuÝmvHk;rSm u|efawmfwpfa,mufwnf;om w&m;ppf w&m;rSef txifu& _zefh csDaew,f ? u|efawmfh

taeeJh twdwfu b,folrS rvkyfcJh zl;wJh udpPwpf&yfudk vkyfaew,f ? "rRtqHk;umvjuD;rSm ckavmuf

juD;wJhwHcg;rjuD;rsdK; udkvJ zGifh ay;xm;w,f ? pifppfawmh um ESpfaygif;axmifeJh aomif;eJh csDOD;awmh / awGh

cJjuHKcJvSwmrsKd; _zpfw,f ? 'gayr,fh vJ tu|wfw&m;&Edkif r&Edkif / wpfenf;tm;_zifh usifh Edkif rusifh

Edkifqdkwmuawmh udk,fh tay:rSm wnfaewmaygh ? u|efawmfa_ymaewmu {&mrpjum0Vmw&m;

oabm wpf&yf _zpfw,f ?

u|efawmfh 'D"rRpjumw&m;awmfudk oifwdkh roifr_zpfvdkh u|efawmfrqdkvdkzl; ? u|efawmf

a_ymaewmu w&m;oabmwpf&yf_zpfw,f ? oifusifh r,fqdk&if / {up&%wpfckckudkom pGJusifh

88

rS_zpfr,f ? edkh r[kwf&if tv#if;udk usifh vdkh &rSm r[kwfzl; ? rSefw,f / oifh taeeJh usifh zdkh rjuH&if /

u|efawmfwdkh uvJ vSnfhjunfhaeawmh rSm r[kwfzl; ? w&m;qdkwmu wu,fwrf; usifh olawGudk

a[m_yaewm_zpfw,f ? 'gh ajumifh usifh pOfwpfckckudkom pGJusifh &r,f ? 'd_yif usifh pOfawGu tm@Hkwdkh udk

awmifrS a&mvdkh aESmvdkh r_zpfzl; ? 'DrSm u|efawmfu tm@Hkv+yf@Sm;r+tajumif; a_ymaewm r[kwfzl; ?

u|efawmfwdkh "rRpjumw&m; awmfrSm bmtm@Hkv+yf@Sm;r+rS r@Sdzl; ? 'gh ajumifh usifh pOfxJudk bmtm@Hk

qkdwmrS xnfh raejueJh ? 'Dtcsufudk rkcsqwfqwfowdcsyf&r,f ? tjurf;zsif;tm;_zifh bmtm@Hk v+yf&Sm;

r+rSr&Sdzl;/ Ak'<*dk%f;uAvm udkcH,ll xm;ovdk / Þawmufß *dk%f;uvJ ewÔdudk cH,lxm;w,f ?

wpfcgu u|efawmfh tawG;tac:udk tqifh tifrwefudk_rifh vSwJh Om%fawmf@SifjuD;awG /

Þawmufß od'<d&SifjuD;awGav;ig;a,mufeJh qufoG,fxm;w,f ? tqifh _rifh qdkwmeJh ywfoufvdkh

a_ym&&if/ _rifh vdkuforS b,fxdatmif_rifh vdkufovJqdk&if / a_ym&if omrefvlawGtzdkh thHzG,fol&_zpf &

avmufatmif tv#if;udk ,HkEdkifp&m @SdrSm r[kwfzl; ? u|efawmfusifh yGm;tm;xkwfvmwm 'davmufjum_yD?

olrsm;taeeJh u|efawmf bmpOf;pm;ae w,fqdkwmudk tv#if;udk rodEdkifzl; ? olrsm;pGrf;tifu tv#if;udk

0ifrSrvmEdkifyJudk; ? b,folrS u|efawmfh udk rodEdkifzl; / u|efawmfbmawG;aeovJ qdkwmudkvJ rodEdkifzl;?

u|efawmfbmawG;pOf;pm;aeovJqdkwmudk olwdkh uodcsifw,fqdkvdkh / u|efawmfoabmwlwJh aemuf /

wpfckaom umvrSm / u|efawmfh tawG;t ac:udk olwdkh eJh qufay;vdkufw,f ? qufay;vdkufwJh

aemufrSm / u|efawmf tawmfuav;udk cH&w,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJ qdkawmh / u|efawmfh tqifh b,fh

avmuf_rifh aeae-b,fh avmufedrfh aeae / u|efawmfu omrefvl awmxJa&mufae&wmudk; ? _yD;

awmh owW0gtaygif;tu|wfw&m;&a&;udkvJtjuHtqeJh vkyfae&wmudk; ? pdwfuowW0g u,fwifa&;

tay: a&mufae&wmudk; ? olwdkh usawmh pdwfub,fxdatmif _idrfaevdkuf juovJqdk&if /

ajumufp&maumif;avmufwJh txdudk _idrfaevdkufjuwm ? wpfa,mufwnf; tJ'D avmuf

_idrfaew,fqdk&ifvJ awmfao;&Jh / ckawmh av;ig;a,muf _ydKifwlxdkif_yD; _idrfaevdkufjuwm /

a&aouefwpfckvdk bmqdkbmrSudk r@Sdwm ? olwdkh bmawGrsm; pOf;pm;aejuovJ qdkwmudk u|efawmf

judK;pm;cHpm;junfh w,f / tcsnf;ESD; _zpf&w,f ? tJ'D&ufydkif;twGif; u|efawmf_zifh a_ymr_ywwfavmuf

atmif pdwfxJrSm cHpm;rdwm tcH&usyfvdkufwm ra_ymeJh awmh ? u|efawmfwdkh olvkdukd,fvdkvlawG taeeJh

uawmh b,fxifrdjurvJ / b,fcHpm;rdjurvJ ? vHk;vHk;udk t_yKrJh t_zpfrsdK; / pdwfAvmt_zpfrsdK;

qkdufaevkdufjuwmav ?

89

tifrwef_rifh wJh tqifh rSm usifh wJh tcg / bmtm@Hkv+yf@Sm;r+rS rvdkawmh zl; ? bm_yKvdkh vJ

qdkawmh / omrefvlawGjum;rSm oiftkwf_rpfcswJh tqifh rSm / tJ'Dtkwf_rpfu cs_yD;aerSudk; ? tqifh _rifh rSm

usifh vmwJh tcg / txl;o_zifh u|efawmfwdkh usifh pOf[m tvdktavsmuf _zpfvkdh? vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm;udk

tvdktavsmuf usifh ay;oGm;rSm _zpfw,f ? oifh taeeJh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;om wufvmygap / oifh

pGrf;tif[m bmusifhuGufr+rS vkyfaep&mrvdkyJ wufvdkh –wufvdkh om vmrSm _zpfw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh

usifhuGufu tvdktavsmufpGrf;tif,÷&m;udk tm;_znfh ay;wm_zpfw,f ? bm_yK bm0em pD;_zef;ju&m

rSm bm_yKvdkhrv+yfr,Suf _idrfaejuovJ / vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm;udk t_yKrJh t_zpfrJh t_zpfrsdK; a&mufaerSudk; ?

Þawmufß *dk%f;wdkh taeeJh 'D usifh uGufwdkh [dk usifh uGufwdkh ? 'Dtm@Hk v+yf@Sm;r+wdkh /[dktm@Hk OD;aqmifr+wdkh

tajumif; a_ymaejuwmudk oifwdkh awGh zl;jurSmaygh ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f / Þawmufß*dk%f;taeeJh

tJ'Dtcdk;tqifh udkom enf;enf;avmuf ausmfvGefvmw,fqdk&ifyJ / 'Dtm@Hk [dktm@Hkqkdwmwdkh udk

vHk;vHk;udk a_ym aerSm r[kwfawmh zl; ? w_cm;tpkd;usifhpOfusifhzl;Muol wcsKdhcrsm/ touf@SL_cif;wdkh -

tm@Hkwdkhvdk tpGJawGukd pGefhukd rpGefhEkdifjum&Smzl;? u|efawmfu wuUodkvfu[mawGudk oifay;aewm ?

olwkdhuawmh tm@Hkudkb,fvdk v+yf@Sm;&rvJ / b,fvdkOD;aqmif&rvJeJh / rlvwef;ausmif;om;

udpPawGudkcsnf; ar;-ar;aeju&Smw,f / tusifh ygaerSudk; ? tcdk;usifh pOfqdkwm 'Dvdkaygh vdkh

xifaeju@Smw,fav ? pifppf 'Dvdk b,f[kwfrvJ?

pGrf;tifeJh pGrf;tm;

u|efawmfwdkh tcdk;usifh pOfusifh olrsm;pGmwdkh [mtcdk;usifh pOfa0g[m&awGeJh ywfoufvdkh

aumif;aumif;r@Sif;juzl; / wcsdKh qdkvJ em;a0wdrfawmif-a,mifuef;uef; _zpfaewwfjuw,f ? pGrf;tif

udk pGrf;tm;t_zpf a_ymvdka_ymju / pGrf;tm;udk pGrf;tift_zpf a_ymvdka_ymjueJh / [dka_ym'Da_ym a_ymaeju

w,f ? u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh rdrdwdkh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;udk rlwnf_yK_yD; usifh yGm;&if;&vmwJh ckvdkod'<d[m /

pjum0Vm*k%fowdWxl;eJh wpfom;wnf; _zpfaewm_zpfw,f ? rdrdwdkh &Jh yg&rDukodkvft_zpfuae od'<dt_zpf

ul;a_ymif;vmwm_zpfw,f ? usifh olwdkh&Jh tqifh v$mwdkh / od'<dwdkh udka&m / r*fzdkvftqifh wdkh udk yg ,if;u

tqHk;t_zwfay;wm_zpfw,f ? 'g[m y"metusqHk; od'<d_zpfw,f ? usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&; _zpfpOfrSm /

b,fvdk ta_ctaersdK; _zpfay:vmp&m @SdovJ ? pGrf;tifxl; wcsdKh ay:vmp&m @Sdw,f ? pGrf;tif vdkh

90

u|efawmfwdkh u tvG,fac:juw,f ? ckeu u|efawmfa_ymcJh wJh tqifh _rSifh ay;wJh od'<duawmh /

pGrf;tm;vdkh ac:w,f ? tqifh _rifh av pGrf;tm;juD;av / pGrf;tifoefav _zpfw,f ?

pGrf;tifqdkwm usifh yGm;a&; _zpfpOfu ab;xGufypPnf;om _zpfw,f ? ,if;[m tqifh udk

udk,fpm;_yK_cif; r@Sdzl; ? usifh olwkdh&Jh tqifh tedrfh t_rifh - pGrf;tm; tjuD;tao;wdkh udkvJ udk,fpm;_yK_cif;

r@Sdzl; ? wcsdKh u ay:wm rsm;csifrsm;vdrfh r,f ? wcsdKh usawmh vJ ay:wmenf;csifenf;vdrfh r,f ? _yD;awmh

pGrf;tifqdkwm usifh yGm;a&; y"me&nfrSef;csuft_zpf trdvdkufvdkh &EdkifwmrsdK;vJ r[kwfzl; ?

tjuifoltaeeJh wu,fwrf; usifh r[Jh qdk_yD; oEMdõmefcsvdkufygrSom pGrf;tifay:vmEdkifrSm _zpfw,f ?

pGrf;tifqdkwmrsdK;uvJ t"du&nfrSef;csuft_zpfeJh vdkufvdkh &wmrsdK;r[kwfzl; ? oif'gawGusifh _yD;

bmvkyfrvdkh vJ ? omrefvlawmxJrSm oHk;zdkh juHaeovm; ? omrefvlawmxJrSm aygh aygh wefwef

oHk;oGm;bdkh qdkwm tv#if;udkr_zpfzl; ? 'gh ajumifh oifh taeeJh vdkcsifavav-r&avav_zpfae&wmaygh ?

bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh oifu vdkcsifaewmudk; / vdkcsifaewmudk,fYudku tpGJtvrf;r[kwfvm; ? usifh yGm;

tm;xkwf&mrSm pGefh ypf&rSmu tpGJtvrf;pdwfyJ r[kwfvm; ?

usifh olrsm;pGmwdkh [m tifrwef_rifh wJh e,fy,ftqifhudkwufvSrf;rdaeju_yD _zpfayrJh

pGrf;tifr@Sdju zl; ? q&mocifu aomh cwfxm;wmudk; ? udkifwG,fwm r[kwf&if trSm;_yKrdrSmpdk;vdkh

oHk;cGifh ray;yJ ae wmav ? 'DvdkvlrsdK;awG[m awmfawmfh udk rsm;w,f ? pGrf;tifqdkwm vlh todu

_c,fvS,fwmudk cH ae&wm ? tdyfaysmfaecdkuf / rawmfwq udk,fh udkudk,ftxdef;vGwfoGm;wmrsdK;

_zpfaumif;_zpfp&m@Sdw,f? tdyfrufruf&if;-aemufaeh usawmh tmuma_ymif;_yef a_rarSmufvSef

_zpfukef&if rcufvm; ? omrefvl awmxJrSm usifh aejuwmrdkh vdkh / pGrf;tifjuD;ol rSef&if a,bl,stm;_zifh

oHk;cGifh r@Sdzl; / rsm;aomtm;_zifh aomh cwfxm;wm _zpfw,f ? 'gayr,fh vJ taoawmh b,f[kwfrvJ ?

usifh wmrqkd;olawG / udk,fh udkudk,f xdef;EdkifjuolawGusawmh / pGrf;tifwcsdKh wav ay;xm;w,f ?

'DvdkvlrsdK;awGusawmh / aygh aygh wefwef udk,fpGrf;udk,fp _ycdkif;junfh prf; / b,fawmh rS _yrSm r[kwfzl; ?

udk,fh udkudk,f xdef;Edkifjuay wmudk; ?

a_ymif;_yefvSefusifh _cif;eJh pGrf;tifiSg;_cif;

91

wcsdKh [m tcdk;usifh pOfrusifh zl; bl; ? 'grSr[kwf&ifvJ tcdk;usifh pOfoifwef;wpfckckrSm

vuf[ef a_c[ef enf;enf;yg;yg;avmufom oifaumif;oifzl;juvdrfh r,f ? 'gayr,fhvJ a&m*guif;

a&;-usef;rma&;avmufom _zpfwm / usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&;rS r[kwfwm ? wenf;tm;_zifh a_ym&&if /

'Dvl awGudk b,folurS wu,fwrf;_yay;zl;wm r[kwfzl; ? 'gayr,fh @kwfw&ufqdkovdk nwGif;csif;

od'd<&vm ygava&m ? ckvdk od'<drsdK;[m b,fuvmovJ qdkwmudk u|efawmfwdkh a_ym_yr,f / vmwJhyHkpH

uawmh trsdK;rsdK;aygh ?

wpfrsdK;u a_ymif;_yefvSefusifh _cif;vdkh qdk&r,f ? a_ymif;_yefvSef usifh _cif;qdkwmu bmvJ?

'guawmh / wcsdKh u usifh yGm;tm;xkwfcsifjuw,f / t@G,f&ae_yDrdkh tpuaeusifh &if rrSDawmh zl; ?

tcdk;usifh pOfusifh&Sdef_rifh csdefrSm olvJ usifh csifvmw,f ? 'Dusifh pOftaeeJh trsm;tusdK;vJaqmif-udk,fh

tusdK;vJatmifapEdkifajumif; olodw,f ? olh taeeJh ckvdk qê@Sdaew,f / wdk;wufcsifw,f / usifh yGm;

csifw,f ? 'gayr,fh vGefcJh wJh ESpfrsm;twGif; tcdk;usifh pOfusifh&Sdef_rifh pOfu / tcdk;usifh pOfq&mawG

taeeJh / 'Dusifh pOf_yefh yGm;a&; avmufukdomvkyfoGm;wmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? tqifh _rifh u[mawGudk

b,folurS wu,f _yay;roGm;juzl; ? 'Duaeh 'Dtcgtxd wdkifatmifqdkOD;awmh / tqifh _rifh rSm

wu,fwrf; twdtvif; tcdk;usifh pOf_yay;aewmqdkvdkh / u|efawmfwpfa,mufyJ @Sdw,f / aemufwpf

a,mufr@Sdzl; ? a_ymif;_yef vSefusifh olrSef&if / toufig;q,ftxuf t@G,f&olawG _zpfw,f /

yg&rD"mwfcH tifrwefaumif; juw,f / udk,fxJu[mawGqkd&ifvJ tifrwef aumif;juw,f /

tukefvHk;vdkvdk olrsm;awGu oifay;jurJh om; wynfh awG - vufqifh urf; cH&rJh olawG _zpfjuw,f ?

'DvlawG[m t@G,f&ukefju_yDqdkawmh / usifh zdkh qdkwm vG,fwmrSwfvdkh ? b,foGm; q&mocif @Sm&rvJ ?

'gayr,fh usifh yGm;tm;xkwfcsif_yDqdkwmeJhw^ydKifeuf 'Dpdwf[m a@$vdk0if;vufvmygava&m / t&yfq,f

rsufESmaom uÝmjuD;udk wkefv+yfapyg ava&m ? Ak'<pdwf-Ak'<pdwfvdkh vlawGa_yma_ymaejuwJh / Ak'<pdwf

qkdwmwcJeuf ay:vm^yDaygh ?

tqifh _rifh uaejunfh &if / vlh toufqkdwm vlvkyfzdkh r[kwfzl; ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh /

vlh toufqdkwm pjum0Vm[if;vif;_yifrSm aygufzGm;vmwm_zpfvdkh udk; / pjum0VmjuD;&Jh opPm-arwWm-

c÷D *k%fowdWxl;eJh Zmwfwl&nfwl_zpfae_yD;om;udk; / ADZudkuoem;juifemwwfwm / pdwfaumif;apw

em @Sdaewmudk; ? 'gayr,fh ouf&SdawG rsm;vmjuwJh tcg / vlr+qufqHa&;vJ ay:vmygava&m ?

tusdK;quftm;_zifh / wcsdKh [m wudk,faumif;qefvdkqef / qdk;vdkqdk; _zpfvmjuavawmh / tifrwef _rifh

wJh tqifh rSm b,faevdkh &juawmh rvJ / atmuftqifh udk usvmju&wmaygh ? tJ'DrSmvJ tqifh rrSD

92

_yefwJh tcg / atmuftqifh udk xyfusju& xyfusju&_yefa&m ? aemufqHk;usawmh omrefvlwdkh &Jh

'Dtqifh udk a&muf vmju&ava&m ? 'Dtqifhudkus a&mufvm&wJh tcg / e*dku 'DvlawGudk

t_yD;tydkifazsmufzsufypfzdkh _zpfw,f ? 'gayr,fh Om%fawmf@SifjuD;awGqkdwm arwWm*@k%m&SifawGyDyD

'DvlawGudk qif;&J'k=a&muf&qHk; ywf0ef;usifrSm / tcGifh tvrf; xyf ay;OD;r,fqdk_yD; / ckvkd[if;vif;_yif

udk zefwD;vdkufjuwm _zpfw,f ?

'd_yif [if;vif;_yifu vlawGqdk&if / ckvdk udk,fcE<mrsdK; r@Sdjuzl; / olwdkh [m avxJrSm

vGifharsm Edkifjuw,f? cE<mudk,fu juD;vmvdkh vJ &w,f / usHKh oGm;vdkh vJ &w,f ? 'D[if;vif;_yifrSmawmh

vlawGudk u|efawmfwdkh ckvdk rHocE<mrsdK; &xm;apw,f ? 'DrHocE<mjuD;eJh qdkawmh / at;vJr_zpf-ylvJ

r_zpf-yef;vJr_zpf-qmvJr_zpfeJh [m bmjuD;_zpfaeae 'k=awGcsnf;yJaygh ? zsm;&ifem&if oiftcH&usyf

vdrfh r,f / arG;-tdk-em-ao ayudk; ?'guawmhoifhudk 'Dqif;&J'k=awGjum;rSm/ uHajuG;0ãfajuG;awG

ay;qyfoGm;apzkdh _zpfw,f ? _yefvrf;vSrf;&rSef;odao;&Jhvm; qdkwmudk od&atmifqdk_yD; / oifh udk tcGifh

tvrf;wpf&yf xyfay;wm_zpfw,f ? 'ghajumifh vlawGtaeeJh rsufpdvnfvrf;rSm;t_zpfrsdK;udk

usa&mufaejuwm &wmaygh? 'Dudk usa&mufvm ju&wJh tcgusawmh / 'd_yif [if;vif;_yifawGudka&m /

@kyf0wÔKawG&Jh o@kyfoueftrSefwdkh udkyg r_rif& avatmif / oifh udk 'DrsufvHk;tpHk

zefqif;ay;xm;wm_zpfw,f? oifhtaeeJh _yefoGm;Edkifr,fqdk&if / qif;&J'k= tcH&qHk;[mawG[m

tzdk;teË txdkufwefvSqHk; vJrnfayvdrfh r,f ? rsufpdvnfvrf;rSm;t_zpfrsdK; us a&mufae&wJh

jum;uae / todw&m;tm;udk;eJh zdusifh &wm tifrwefudk cg;oD;vSayr,fh / õmae_yefa&muf a&;tzdkh

uawmh _refayvdrfh r,f ? oifh taeeJh xyf_yD; ysufpD;oGm;r,fqdk&ifawmh / toufysuf_yKef;&bdkh

om@SdawmhrSmaygh? 'ghajumifh Om%fawmf@SifjuD;awG&Jh @+a'gifh uae a_ym&&if / vlh toufqdkwm vlvkyfzdkh

r[kwfzl; ? udk,fh yifudk,f Zmpf_rpftppftrSefqD _yefbdkh/ _yefoGm;zdkh urS &nfrSef;csufrnfaywm ?

omrefvlawGtaeeJh 'Dtcsufudk riHkrdjum&Smzl;? omrefvlqdkwm omrefvlwdkh&Jh vlhtzGJh

tpnf;xJrSmusifvnfaejuolrsm;yDyD-omref vlrS omrefvlawGyJaygh? udk,fb,fvdk juD;yGm;atmif /

b,fvdktaeacsmifatmif juH& zef& aumif;rvJqdkwm avmufom em;vnfaejuwmuvm; ? olh

taeeJh taetxdkif [efusav / wudk,faumif;qefav / &avvdkav tdkwað_zpf&av

_zpfvmrSm_zpfw,f ? 'Dawmh pjum0Vm*k%fowWdxl;eJh zDvm_zpf onfxuf_zpfvm&rSm_zpfw,f ?

rdrdcsKyf_idrf;&mqDudk OD;wnfoGm;ae&musrSm _zpfw,f?

93

tqifh _rifh rSmuawmh ckvdk _rifaejuwm_zpfw,f ? oifu a@Sh udkoGm;aew,fvdkh xif

aumif;xifaerSm ? pifppfawmh aemuf_yefqkwfaewm _zpfw,f ? vlom;wdkh u rdrdwdkh [m zGHh _zdK;juD;yGm;

vmaejuw,f ? odÑHynmvJ wdk;wufvmaew,fvdkh xifaejuw,f ? pifppfawmh vJ pjum0Vmed,mr

t& _zpfysufae juwmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? vlodrsm;wJh Þewf&Spfyg;ßxJu wpfyg; Þusef;udk;avmifß

(usef;udk;avmif) [m olh _rnf;uav;udk aemuf_yefpD;avh @Sdw,f ? olbm_zpfvdkh tJovdk

pD;&ovJqdkwmeJh ywfoufvdkh tajumif;odol @Sm;w,f ? a@Sh oGm;aewm[m trSefawmh

aemuf_yefqkwfaewm_zpfrSef; awGh &avawmh/ olh _rnf;uav;udk aemuf_yefpD;awmh wmaygh ? 'gh ajumifh

vlwcsdKh taeeJh usifh yGm;tm;xkwfcsifwJhqêay:vmw,fqdk&ifyJ Om%fawmf@Sifwdkh u 'Dpdwfudk tifrwef

wefzdk;xm;juwmaygh/ c|if;csufrJh 0dkif;uljurSmvJ _zpfw,f ? uaeh 'DrSmxdkifaejuwJh oifom;awGvdkaygh ?

oifusifh csifwmudk u|efawmfu c|if;csufrJh ulEdkifwmaygh ? 'gayr,fh omrefvl wpfa,muftaeeJh

a&m*g_ycsifwmrsdK; / [dk[m-'D[m vdkcsifwmrsdK;vkyfvmr,f qdk&if awmh / vdkufvkyfay;EdkifrSm r[kwfzl; ?

ulEdkifrSmvJ r[kwfzl; ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh oifu omrefvl vkyf csifaewmudk; ? omrefvlqdkwm arG;-

tdk-em-ao _zpf&rSm r[kwfvm; ? 'Dtwdkif;udk _zpfae&rSm r[kwfvm; ? t&mcyfodrf;wdkh [m olh

tajumif;quf-tusKd;qufeJh csnf;_zpfwmrdkh / uarmufur _zpfukefatmif av#mufvkyfvdkh b,f_zpfrvJ ?

oifh b0rSm e*dku usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&; rygzl; / ckawmh oifu usifh csifvmw,f ? 'Dawmh oifh tem*wf

b0udk _yef_yD; pDpOfay;oGm;&rSm_zpfw,f / oifh udk,fcE<mudkvJ oÑg, _zpfatmif

aqmif@Gufay;oGm;&rSm_zpfw,f?

tjuifoltaeeJh usifh yGm;tm;xkwfcsifvmwJhtcg/ ckvdk qêrGefay:vmwmeJh w_ydKifeuf /

w&m;tvif;&olwdkh u tifrwefhudk wefzdk;xm;juawmh rSm _zpfw,f ? 'Dawmh b,fh ES,fvkyfuljurvJ ?

avmuDxJrSm q&mocif b,foGm;@Sm&rvJ ? um,uH@SifuvJ toufig;q,fausmfae_yD ? Om%fawmf

@SifjuD;awGu _yay;vdkh r_zpfzl; ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh / olwdkh udk,fxif@Sm;_y_yD; oifay;jur,fqdk&if /

w&m;vJ a[mju / usifhuGufvJ_yay;jueJh vkyfvmjur,fqdk&if / tmum v#dKh 0SufcsufawGudk

aygufjum;ukefap&musrSm_zpfvdkh / olwdkh vJ atmuftqifh udk_yKwfusukefju&rSm_zpfvdkh yJ ? vlawGtaeeJh

udk,fh [mudk,f raumif;wmawG vkyfrdjuvdkh / rsufpdvnfvrf;rSm;t_zpfrsdK; usa&mufaeju&wm / 'D

awmh udk,fh [mudk,f todw&m;tm;udk^yD;usifh oGm;zdkh yJ @Sdw,f ? 'gh ajumifh w&m;tvif;&olwdkh u

_yay;vdkh r_zpfzl; ? bk&m;@Sifudk,fawmf_rwfjuD;awGudk,fwdkif w&m;vJa[mju / usifhuGufvJ_yay;jueJh

qdk &if / qdk;ayh uef;ayh vlawGawmifrS vmoifjurSm / ololudk,fudk,f tukef,HkjurSm _zpfavawmh /

94

bmudk rsm; t&nfvnf oabmaygufaep&mvdkOD;rSmvJ / bmrS t&nfvnf oabmaygufaep&m

vdkrSmr[kwfawmhzl;aygh? vlawG[m rsufpdvnfvrf;rSm;t_zpfrsdK;udk udk,fh[mudk,f

usa&mufvmju&wm_zpfw,f / e*dku azsmufzsufcH&bdkh _zpfw,f ? ckawmh / oifwdkhudk

rsufpdvnfvrf;rSm;t_zpfrsdK;usa&mufae&&muae _yefvrf;vSrf;Edkif a&;twGuf tcGifh

tvrf;wpf&yfay;xm;wm_zpfw,f ? _yefEdkifr,fqdk&if _yefjuayawmh ? r_yefEdkif&if awmh / quf_yD;

oHo&mvnfjuzdkh / _yKwf_yKwf_yKef;ju&zdkh om @Sdawmh rSmaygh ?

vrf;qdkwm udk,fh [mudk,f av#mufju&wm_zpfw,f ? olu usifh yGm;tm;xkwfcsifae

w,f / b,fh ES,fvkyfrvJ ? olwdkh u enf;vrf;wpfck juHjuw,f ? tJ'Dwkef;u tcdk;usifh pOf usifh&Sdef

_rifhaecsdef_zpfw,f? 'gvJ e=wf_cif;&m a_ymif;vJr+ wpf&yf_zpfw,f ? 'gh ajumifh ckvdk euQ_cif;&meJh vdkuf

zufapwJh taeeJh / Om%ftvif;&olwdkh u olh udk olh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;eJh tnD pGrf;tifay;vm juw,f ?

ay;yHkuawmh a&ydkufacgif;vdk _yGefaysmh wpfck olhudk oG,fay;vdkuf_cif; _zpfw,f ? zGifh vdkuf&if

pGrf;tifvma&m / olpGrf;tifv$wfcsif&if pGrf;tifvma&m ? olh [moluawmh pGrf;tifv$wf_cif; _yK_cif; r@Sdzl;

/ @SdrSr@SdyJudk; ? t_zpfuawmh 'grsdK;aygh ? 'gu a_ymif;_yefvSef usifh _cif;vdkh ac:w,f ? atmufuae

tay:udk usifh wmrsdK; r[kwfyJ-tay:uae atmufudk _yefusifh ay;wmrsdK; _zpfw,f ?

u|efawmfwdkh a,bl,susifh enf;awGuawmh / atmufuae tay:udk usifh juwm _zpf

w,f ? od'<yGifhvm/ aygufa_rmufatmif_rifvmwJh txd usifh oGm;&rSm _zpfw,f ? a_ymif;_yef vSefusifh

_cif;qdkwmu atmufuae tay:udk usifh ae&if rrSDawmh wJh t@G,f&olawGtzdkh _zpf w,f ? 'gh ajumifh

_refatmifqdk_yD; tay:uae atmufudk a_ymif;_yefvSefusifh ay;wm _zpfw,f ? 'gvJ olh acwfolh tcgeJh ol

_zpfvm&wJh _cif;&mwpf&yf _zpfw,f ? 'DvdkvlrsdK;awG[m pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; tifrwef _rifh juavawmh /

olhpdwf&nfpdwfaoG;eJh xdkufavsmufpGm pGrf;tif&wwfjuw,f ? &nf@G,fcsufuawmh / tJ'Dwkef;u

e=wf_cif;&meJh vkdufzufapzdkh_zpfw,f? 'Dvlh taeeJh aumif; wmawGvkyfwmeJh wcsdefwnf;rSm /

qif;&J'k=vJ cH&apzdkh _zpfw,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh / omrefvlawG eJh qufqHwJh tcg / omref

vltrsdK;rsdK;wdkh &Jh pdwfawGu oifh udk aESmifh ,SufvmrSmrdkh vdkh yJ ? wcsdKh qdk&if olh udk a&m*gaysmufatmif

ukay;vdkufwJh wdkifatmif / oifh tay:olu em;vnfr+ @SdcsifrS@SdrSm ? oifh taeeJh olh udk,fay:u

raumif;wmawGudk trsm;juD; y,fypfvdkuf_yD_zpfwJh wdkifatmif-olh udk aumif;aumif;rGefrGef ukay;_yD;_yD

_zpfwJh wdkifatmif / (tcdkuftwefh tm;_zifh awmh ododoomjuD;oufomcsifrS oufomrSmudk;) ?

oluoifh udk aus;Zl;rwifwJh t_yif / pdwfxJuawmif rjunfr_zL _zpfcsif_zpfaerSm ? olh udk nm&

95

aumif;vm; qdk_yD; oifh udk qJcsifqJOD;rSm ? 'gawGuawmh oifh pdwfudk xkom;ayom;&apatmif

prf;wmawGcsnf;aygh ? tjuifoludk od'd<ay;wJh &nf@G,fcsufu wufvmEdkifygapawmh qdk_yD; / usifh cdkif;wm

_zpfw,f ? aumif;wmawG vkyfwmeJh twl / udk,fh od'<dvnf;wufapatmiff udk,fhpGrf;tifawGudk

az:xkwfjuqdkwJh oabmaygh ? 'gayr,fh wcsdKh u 'Dw&m;oabmudk em;rvnfju&Smzl; ?

u|efawmfa_ymzl;w,f r[kwfvm; / olwdkh udk w&m;a[m _yvdkh r_zpfzl;vdkh ? t&nfvnf oabmayguf&if

aygufju / rayguf&ifawmh bmrS rwwfEdkifzl;aygh ?

wcsdKh vlawG[m od'<db,fvdk &juovJqdk&if @kwfw&uf nwGif;csif;qdkovdk tdkufvm

vdkufwm ra_ymeJh awmh / apmifawmif_cHKvdkh r&zl; ? reuftdyf&mxwJh tcg bmudkifudkif

"mwfvdkufwmcsnf;yJ ? od'<dvm_yDqdkwm olod_yD ? wpfa,mufa,muf aexdkifraumif;_zpf&if / vufeJh

omoyfcsvdkuf / oufom _yDom rSwfayawmh ? od'<d@SdrSef; odwmeJh tr# / udk,fh udkudk,f tcdk;usifh

pOfq&mbGJhwyf_yD; qdkif;bkwfcsdwf vdkufygava&m ? tpOD;ydkif;rSmawmh 'Dvlrqdk;zl; ? a&m*g@SifawGu

aus;Zl;wifvdkh aiGay;vdkay;ju-vufaqmifay;vdkay;jueJh ay;juayr,fh / olu vufcHcsifrS vufcHrSm ?

jumawmh omrefvlwdkh &Jh qdk; aq;pnfjuD;xJrSm / cHEdkif&nf w_znf;_znf; usvm&ygava&m ? bm_yKvdkh

vJqdkawmh / a_ymif;_yefvSef usifh ay;wJh 'DvlawG[m wu,fwrf; pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;usifh r+ &juwm

r[kwfawmh / pdwfudk edkif atmif xdef;zdkh qdkwm vG,fwmrSwfvdkh ? w_znf;_znf;eJh vufaqmifuav;awG

vufcH&muae ypPnf;juD;awGudkvJ vufcHvma&m enf;w,fvdkh awmif vkyfvma&m ? aemufawmh

uskKyfudkypPnf;awG 'davmuftrsm;juD; ay;aevdkh bmvkyfrvJ ydkufqHay;juayghvdkh vkyfvmygava&m ?

ydkufqHay;wm enf;w,fvdkh awmif xifvmygava&m ? vrf;rSeftcdk;uygavygusifh

pOfq&mawGudkawmif yrmrcHh _yKvmygava&m ? csD;rGrf;cH&wJh pum;awGurjum;csiftqHk;_zpfaewmudk;?

olh raumif;ajumif;a_ym&if csufcsif;_yefyufvdrfh r,f ? *k%fyumoepdwfawG juGvmwmeJh tr# / igolrsm;

xufomw,f/ igawmfw,fqdk_yD;b0if_rifhvmawmhwmaygh ? olh udk od'<day;wmu usifh

yGm;tm;xkwfcdkif;wm / tJ'gudk olu tcdk; usifh pOfq&m vkyfcdkif;wm / pD;yGm;_zpfcdkif;wm&,fvdkh xifae&Sm

w,f ? *k%fyumoepdwfawG wufvmwmeJh tr#/ pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;u usvm&ygava&m ?

u|efawmfa_ym_yD;_yD ? pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; _rifh oavmuf od'<duvJ vdkuf_rifhaerSmvdkh ?

pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; usvmwmeJhtr#/ od'<dudkvJ rsm;rsm;pm;pm;ay;vdkhr_zpfawmhyJ vdkufavsmnDaxG

ay;vm&wmaygh ? pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; _rifh oavmuf od'<duvJ wef;wl_zpfae&rSmudk; ? *k%frufav /

pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;usav / vlawmxJrSmvJtusem avaygh ? aemufqHk;rSm pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;

96

vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm; usoGm;&wJh tcgusawmh / od'<dvJ a_ymifygav-acsmyg ava&m / ray;awmhyJudk;?

vGefcJh wJh ESpfrsm;u tJ'DvdkvlrsdK;awG renf;zl; ? toufig;q,fausmftrsdK;orD;awG awmfawmf rsm;rsm;

yg0ifw,f ? tJ'Dvdk tzGm;juD;wpfa,mufavmuf tcdk;usifh pOfusihf wmudk awGh zl;aumif; awGh zl;juvdrfh

r,f ? b,folurSvJ [kwWdywWd_yay;wm r[kwfzl; ? tcdk;usifh pOfoifwef;wpfckckrSm a&m*guif;a&;-

usef;rm a&; usifh uGuf enf;enf;yg;yg;avmuf wwfaumif;wwfvmrSm_zpfw,f ? @kwfw&uf wpfaeh rSm

od'<d&vma&m ? pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; ysufvm / *k%fyumoepdwfawG wufvmwmeJhw_ydKifeuf/

_yefusoGm;&ygava&m? ckqdk bmrS r[kwfawmh zl; / od'<dvJ r@Sdawmh zl; ? ckqdk&if tJ'Dvdk a_ymif;_yef vSef

usifh ay;&muae atmufudk _yefusukefjuolawG odyfrsm;wmyJ / b,fESpfa,mufrS rusefawmh zl; ?

bm_yKvdkh ckvdk_zpf&ovJ ? olh udk usifh yGm;tm;xkwfcdkif;_cif; _zpfw,fqdkwmudk olrod@SmyJudk; ?

omrefvlawGjum;rSm olh udk juD;yGm;apwm / ausmfapmudwWd_zpffapwm / tcdk;usifh pOfq&m

_zpfapwm&,fvdkh xifae&Smwmudk; ? pifppfawmh olh udk usifh yGm;tm;xkwfcdkif;wm ?

pGrf;tifiSg;_cif;qdkwmu bmvJ ? 'gu touft@G,f tuefh towf r@Sdzl; ? 'gayr,fh

awmif;qdkcsuf @Sdw,f ? pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; txl;aumif;ol _zpf&r,f qdkwmyJ ? tcdk;usifh pOfqdkwm usifh

yGm;tm;xkwfvdkh &rSef;olodw,f / olvJ usifh yGm;tm;xkwfcsifaejuw,f ? usifh csifae_yDwJh / 'Dawmh

q&mocif b,foGm;@SmrvJ ? vGefcJh wJh ESpftenf;i,favmufu wu,fh tcdk;usifh pOfq&mawG trSef

wu,fh udk tcdk;usifh pOf oifay;oGm;juw,f ? 'gayrJh olwdkh oifay;wmawGu a&m*guif;a&;-usef;

rma&;awGcsnf;_zpfw,f / tqifh _rifh qDwufvSrf;a&;eJhywfoufvdkh b,folrSvufqifhurf;roGm;juzl; /

b,folurSvJ _yay;roGm;juzl;?

pGrf;tifiSg;_cif;eJh ywfoufvdkh a_ymvmwJh tcg / _y\emwpf&yfudk u|efawmfxnfh a_ym&

OD;r,f ? vlqdkwm olh &Jh y"me rlvewf (y"metodpdwf) uvGJvdkh / omrn rlvewf (omrntodpdwf)

vJ @Sdw,f? wcsdKh u omrn rlvewfwpfa,muf / ESpfa,muf / oHk;a,muf / av;a,muf @Sdjuw,f ?

wcsdKh qdk&if ig;a,muftxdawmif @Sdjuw,f ? omrnrlvewf[m oleJh vdifcsif;wlcsifrS wlwm ? wcsdKh

u trsdK;om; _zpf_yD; / wcsdKh u trsdK;orD; _zpfw,f ? wljuwm r[kwfzl; ? pifppfawmh y"me rlvewfvJ

rHocE<meJh wl csifrS wlwm ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh /cktrsdK;om;awG[m trsdK;orD;rlvewf txl;rsm;_yD; /

trsdK;orD;awG usawmh vJ trsdK;om;rlvewfawG txl;rsm;wm u|efawmfwdkh awGh ju&w,f ? ck

Þawmufß *dk%f;rSm a_ym aewJh zdk"mwf-r"mwf ua_ymif;u_yef/ r"mwfoef-zdk"mwfaysmh _zpfaewJh

e=wf_cif;&meJh [yfrdaewmudk awGh &w,f ?

97

omrn rlvewfwdkh [m y"merlvewfwdkh xuf tqifh _rifh aewwfjuw,f ? txl;o

_zifh wcsdKh qdk&if omrnrlvewfwdkh [m tqifh odyf_rifh wmyJ ? omrnrlvewfqdk[m tyrSD r[kwfzl; ?

ol[m oifeJh wpfcsdefwnf; wpfrd0rf;xJuae qif;oufvmwm_zpfw,f oifeJh emrnfcsif; twlwlyJ oifh

cE<mudk,f&Jh tpdwftydkif;wpf&yf_zpfw,f ? cgwdkif; tcsdefrsm;rSm / vltaeeJh wpfckckpOf;pm; / wpfckckvkyfwJh

tcg / y"merlvewfu a_ym&if_yD;pwrf;_zpfw,f ? omrnrlvewfuawmh y"merlv ewfudk

raumif;wmawG twwfEdkifqHk; rvkyfapatmif wm;ay;zdkh _zpfw,f ? 'gayr,fh y"merlvewfu

tpGJjuD;aewJh tcgrsdK;rSmqdk&ifvJ bmrSrwwfEdkifzl; ? omrefvlwdkh&Jhvlh tzGJh tpnf;rSm / omrn rlvewft

aeeJh _zm;a,mif;cHrae&ayrJh / y"merlvewfuawmh aoG;aqmif_zm;a,mif;cH&avh @Sdw,f ?

wcsdKh omrnrlvewfqdk&if tqifh b,fh avmuf_rifh ovJqdkawmh / r*fzdkvftqifh

a&mufzdkh enf;enf;yJ vdkawmh w,f ? omrnrlvewfu usifh csifayr,fh / y"merlvewfu rusifh csif&if

tvum;yJ ? tcdk;usifh pOf usifh&Sdef_rifhaepOf wpfaeh rSm y"merlvewfuvJ tqifh _rifh wufvSrf;

csifpdwfeJh / usifh zdkh tjuHay:vma&m ? awG;yHkawG;enf;uawmh cyf@dk;@dk;aygh ? *k%frufwmrsdK;r[kwfzl;av?

omrnrlvewfqdkwm 0rf;omvdkh aygh ? Þigu usifh csifaewm / 'gayrJh iga_ymvdkh _yD;pwrf; r[kwfvdkh

cufaewm ? ckrif;usifh csifvm_yDqdkawmh / igh tjudKufaygh ß qdk_yD; 0rf;omaewmaygh ? 'gayr,fh q&mo

cif b,foGm;@SmrvJ ? omrnrlvewfu odyfawmfwm / twdwfb0uod&wJh Om%fawmf@SifjuD;qDudk

@kyfxm;emrfcGmyHkpHeJh a&mufoGm;wmaygh ? wcsdKh omrnrlvewfwdkh [m tifrweftqifh _rifh vdkh @kyfuae

cGmoGm;vdkh &w,f ? Om%fawmf@SifjuD;awGeJh awGh &wJh tcg / usifh yGm;tm;xkwfvdkajumif; ? pGrf;tifiSg;vdk

ajumif; a_ym_ywmaygh ? Om%fawmf@SifjuD;awGu 'Dvlh junfh &wm rqdk;zl; qdk_yD; / 0dkif;uljuwmaygh ?

'DvdkeJh omrnrlvewfwdkh [m pGrf;tifwcsdKh &^yD;_yefvmjuwmaygh ? _zmxGufwwfwJh pGrf;tifrsdK;udk _yGefeJh

oG,fay;wwfjuw,f ? tpdkiftcJvdk[mrsKd;awGvJ&vmwwfw,f / tpdkiftcJvdk[mrsKd; awGusawmh

pGrf;tifawG ygae_yD;om;aygh ?

'DvdkeJh 'Dvl[m wpfcsdefwnf;pGrf;tif&Sdaumif;&SdaerSm _zpfw,f ? u|efawmfckeu a_ymcJh

ovdk / 'DvlvJ nbuftdyfae&if; ylvdkuftdkufvdkufwm ra_ymeJh awmh ? aemufaeh tdyf&mxwJh tcg

bmudkifvdkuf-udkifvdkuf / "mwfvdkufovdk _zpfaewmaygh ? pGrf;tif@Sdawmh a&m*gukEdkifvmwmaygh ?

pGrf;tif&ae_yD qdkwmudk olh [molvJ odw,f / b,fu&rSef;awmh aumif;aumif;rodzl; ?

pjum0Vm[if;vif;_yifu &rSef;udk oltjurf;zsif; odw,f ? 'gayr,fh twdtus b,fvdkvJ qdkwmawmh

98

olrodzl; ? omrnrlvewf u olh udk a_ymrSra_ymyJudk; ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh / usifh wmu

omrnrlvewfu usifh aewmudk; ? oluawmh pGrf;tif&ae_yD qdkwmavmufom odxm;wmaygh ?

pGrf;tifiSg;&mrSm toufydkif; tuefh towf&,fvdkh r@Sdzl; ? vli,fydkif;u awmfawmfrsm;

w,f ? 'gajumifh vGefcJh wJh ESpf tenf;i,favmufuqdk&if / toufESpfq,fausmf / oHk;q,fausmf /

av;q,fausmf t@G,fawG txifu& ay:ay:vGifvGif _zpfvmjuwm@Sdw,f ? t@G,fjuD;olawGvJ

ygw,f ? vli,fawG usawmh / udk,fh udkudk,f xdef;odrf;zdkh qdkwm vG,fwmrSwfvdkh ? cgwdkif;vdk

tcsdefrsKd;rSmawmh a_zmifhvdkhaygh ? omrefvlwdkh&JhtzGJhtpnf; xJrSm tpGrf;tp r@Sdcifwkef;uawmh /

*k%frufwJhpdwfrsKd;awGqdkwm tifrwefaygh/ tifrwefyg;wmaygh? vlay:vlaZmf _zpfvmwJh tcgusawmh /

*k%fawG yumoeawGu 0if@+yfvmwwfygava&m ? igh 'DwoufrSm b0c&D;t@SnfjuD; usefao;w,f /

omrefvlwdkh &Jh &nfrSef;csufudk judK;pm;taumiftxnfazmfoGm;OD;rSyJqdk_yD; _zpfvmygav a&m ? 'gajumifh

pGrf;tif&vmju / vlpGrf;vlp _yEdkifvmjuwJh tcgrsdK;rSm / ,if;wdkh udk omrefvlwdkh&Jh vlh tzGJh tpnf; xJrSm

udk,fydkif&nfrSef;csuf aygufa_rmuf atmif_rifa&; vufeufud&d,mt_zpf oabmxm;vmwwfjuw,f ?

'Dawmh b,f_zpfrvJ / 'DvdkoHk;ydkifcGifh b,f@SdrvJ ? oHk;av-oHk;av / pGrf;tifawG enf;vmaveJh [m /

aemufqHk; usawmh bmqdkbmrS rusefawmh zl;aygh ? 'DvdkvlrsdK;awG usvmjuwmqdk&if om_yD;awmh

rsm;wmaygh / u|efawmfjunfh &wm ckqdkwpfa,mufrS r@Sdawmhzl; ? cku|efawmfa_ymcJh wJh t_zpf ESpf&yfu

pdwf&nfpdwf aoG;aumif;olawG&juwJh pGrf;tiftajumif;_zpfw,f ? 'DpGrf;tifawGu udk,fh [mudk,f usifh

vdkh &wm r[kwfzl; ? Om%fawmf@SifjuD;awGqDu&juwm_zpfw,f ? 'gh ajumifh pGrf;tifudk,fYu

taumif;_zpfw,f?

tyrSD_cif;

a_racG; /a_rGyg _rD;wdk0g / wað / a_rGwdkh vdk wd&ðmefawG tyrSDjuwmeJh ywfoufvdkh

u|efawmfwdkh usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&;avmu u usifh oltawmfrsm;rsm; jum;zl;aumif;jum;zl;juvdrfh r,f

xifw,f ? 'gawGu b,fvdk_zpf&wmvJ ? pGrf;tifxl;ay:atmif usifh ju/ az:juvdkh wcsdKhu

a_ymaejuw,f ? pifppf pGrf;tifxl;az:aewmr[kwfzl;/ tJ'DpGrf;tifxl;qdkwmu vlwdkh &Jh

yifudk,fpGrf;&nfyJaygh? vlh tzGJh tpnf;a@Sh udk wdk;wufvmwmeJhtr# / vlawGtaeeJh u|efawmfwdkh

'D@kyf0wÔK[if;vif;_yifu taumiftxnfeJh _zpfwJh [mawGtay: tm@Hkpl;pdkuf onfxuf pl;pdkufvmju /

99

u|efawmfwdkh acwfrSDud&d,mawGudk tm;xm;onfxuf tm;xm;vmjuav awmh / u|efawmfwdkh

vlawG&Jh yifudk,f pGrf;tifawG[mvJ qkwf,kwfonfxuf qkwf,kwfukefju&wm _zpfw,f ?

aemufqHk;usawmh vHk;vHk;udk qHk;yg;ukef&ygava&m ?

pGrf;tif&csif&if / usifh yGm;tm;xkwfygrS / udk,fh yifudk,fZpf_rpftppftrSefqD

_yefa&mufatmif judK;pm;ygrS _yef&vmrSm_zpfw,f ? 'Dae&mrSm / wd&ðmefwdkh [m tawG;tac:

'davmuf@+yfjuwm r[kwf avawmh / pjum0Vm*k%fowWdxl;eJh aygif;ul;rdovdk _zpfaewmaygh

oaE<ygyifudk,fpGrf;&nfuvJ @Sdaeju_yefwmudk; ? wcsdKh u b,fvdka_ymjuovJqdkawmh /

wd&ðmefawG[m usifh yGm;tm;xkwfwwfjuw,fwJh ? a_racG; awGu "mwfvHk;zefwD;wwfjuw,fwJh ?

a_rGawGuvJ usifhwwf juw,fwJh ? olwdkh usifh wwfjuwmr[kwfzl; ? tpOD;ydkif;rSmwkef;uqdk&if / usifh

juH_cif;qdkwmudk bmrSodjuwm r[kwfzl; ? wpfckawmh @Sdw,f / oaE<ygyif udk,fpGrf;&nfawmh

&Sdaejuwmaygh? 'DawmhoD;_cm; xl;_cm;_zpfwJh ta_ctae / oD;_cm;xl;_cm;_zpf wJh ywf0ef;usifrsdK;rSm /

jumawmh tusdK;oGm;ay:aumif;ay: vmp&m@Sdwmaygh? 'Dawmh ,if;wdkhtaeeJhod'<d &vmEdkifwmaygh /

pGrf;tifvJ ay:vmEdkif wmaygh ?

'DvdkeJh wd&ðmefawG[m tpGrf;tp wcsdKh wav @SdvmjurSm_zpfw,f ? t&ifu b,fvdk

a_ymjuovJqdkawmh / wd&ðmefawG 0dnmOf"mwf &vmju_yD/ tpGrf;@Sdvmju_yDvdkh qdkjuw,f ? omrefvl

awGtzdkh wd&ðmefawG[m vlawGudk tvG,fwul judK;qGJEdkifavmufatmif ajumufp&m _zpfae

juwmaygh ? pifppfu|efawmfa_ymr,f / ajumufp&m r[kwfzl; ? wu,fh usifh yGm;ola@Sh rSm bmrS[kwf

wm r[kwfzl; ? ESpfaygif;wpfaxmifeD;yg;avmufwdkifatmif ,if;wdkh usifh _yD;aewmudkcsnf; junhf raeeJh /

vufacsmif;uav;wpfacsmif;eJh tomuav; acsvdkuf@HkeJh / r+efh r+efh nufnuf _zpfukef&rSm?

wd&ðmefawG[m ckvdkoaE<ygyifudk,fpGrf;&nf @Sdajumif; / tpGrf;tp wcsdKh wav @SdEdkifrSm_zpfajumif;udk

u|efawmfwdkh a_ym_yD;_yD ? 'gayrJh u|efawmfwdkh 'Dpjum0VmxJrSm w&m;oabmwpf&yf@Sdaew,f ?

tJ'guawmh wd&ðmefawG[m usifh ydkifcGifh r@Sdjuzl; ? 'gajumifh ESpfaygif;&m trsm;avmufqdk wpfcsD-

&mtrsm;avmuf qdk wpfcsD / uyfjuD;uyfi,fawGjum;rSm ,if;wdkh uGyfrsufcH&wwfyHkudk

a@S;pmtkyfawGxJrSm awGh zl;aumif;awGh zl;jurSm_zpfw,f? wpfpHkwpfckaom umvavmufqdk

wd&ðmefawG[m pGrf;tifwufvm wwfjuvdkh / azsmufzsufypf&avh @Sdw,f ?

rdk;judK;cGif;ypf&wmrsKd;awGvdkaygh/ usifh ydkifcGifh rS r@SdyJudk; ? ,if;wdkh [m vlh oabm obm0 uif;rJh

juavawmh / vlawGvdk usifh vdkh b,f_zpfrvJ ? vlh*k%fowWdr&SdbJ usifh vdkh atmif&if raumif;qdk;0g;

100

_zpf&rSm usdef;aordkh / usifh cGifhr_yKwmaygh? rdk;ay: uvJ vmowfrSm_zpfw,f ? ,if;wdkh uvJ odjuw,f ?

'gayrJh u|efawmfa_ym_yD;_yD ? vlh tzGJh tpnf;[m 'va[m xdk;usvmaew,f / wcsdKh qdk&if

urf;ukefatmif ysufpD;aejuw,f ? ckvdk t_zpfrsdK; qdkufae avawmh / vlh tzGJh tpnf;[m t÷&m,f

rrsm;ayvm; ?

Þ 0wWKxGãfacgif-wef_yefrkcs ß (t&m0wWKqdkwm txGãftxdyfa&mufwmeJh w_ydKifeuf/

a_ymif;_yefbufoGm;&awmhrSm?) qdkovdk vlom;wkdh&JhvlhtzGJhtpnf; taeeJh ordkif;rwifrDumvwkef;u

rwlwJh umvywfysufokOf;r+awG_zpf&wdkif; / vlom;wdkh &Jh tusifh pm&dwW ysufpD;_cif;ru ysufpD;vSwJh

ta_ctaersdK;rSm _zpfyGm;&wmcsnf;_zpfajumif;udk u|efawmf wdkh awGh ju&w,f ? cku|efawmfwdkh

vlom;awGrSDwif;aexdkifjuwJh 'D[if;vif;_yifa&m / 'd_yif [if;vif;_yif rsm;pGmwdkh yg / tifrwdtifrwef

t÷&m,frsm;vSwJh t_zpfqdkufaeju&w,f ? 'Dtqifh eJh wef;wl_zpfwJh 'd_yif [if;vif; _yifwdkh [mvJ

Tenf;ESifESifvdkcsnf; _zpfaeju&avawmh um / wd&ðmefwdkh uvJ a@Smifcsifju w,f / t_rifhudk

wufcsifjuw,f ? _rifhwJh tqifh a&muf&if a@SmifEdkifvdrfh r,fvdkh xifaeju w,f ?b,fvG,fygh rvJ ?

usifh yGm;tm;xkwfcsif&if vlh udk,fcE<m &Sdudk@Sdae&rSm_zpfw,f ? 'ghajumifh usifh olwdkh taeeJh

tyrSDcHvmju&wm[mvJ 'Dbufu tajumif;&if;wpf&yfaygh ?

Om%fawmf@SifjuD;awG 'davmufrsm;wm / od'<d_rifh q&mocifawG 'davmufrsm;wm /

bm_yKvdkh ta&;rvkyfbJ aejuovJvdkh wcsdKh u tawG;ay:aumif;ay:vdrfh r,f ? u|efawmfwdkh 'Dpjum0

VmxJrSm w&m;oabmwpf&yf @Sdao;w,f ? tJ'guawmh/ oifudk,fh[mudk,fawmifhwaewm / vdkcsif

aewmrsdK;awGudk olrsm;awGu 0ifr pGufcsifjuzl; ? 'DrSm u|efawmfwdkh u oifh udk vrf;ppf vrf;rSef twdkif;

usifhEdkifapatmifoifay;aewm _zpfw,f wcsdefwnf;rSm w&m;udkvJ ajuajunufnuf @Sif;_yay;aewm

_zpfw,f ? oifh taeeJh uudk,fh [mudk,f t&nfvnfoabmayguf atmif tm;pdkufoGm;&rSm _zpfw,f ?

oifrvm; roifzl;vm;qdkwmuawmh oifh udk,fYtay:rSmbJ wnfae wmaygh ? Þq&mocifu

txJa&mufatmif ac:vm_yD usifh juHzdkh uawmh udk,fh tay:rSm wnf ßaygh ? b,folu rS oifh udk

twif;t"rRusifh cdkif;aewm r[kwfzl; ? usifh-rusifh qdkwmu oifh udk,fY&JhudpP_zpfw,f ? wenf;tm;

_zifh a_ym&&if / oifb,fvrf;vdkufrvJ / bmvdkcsifovJ / bm&csifovJ qdkwmeJh ywfoufvdkh b,folrS

0ifpGufjurSm r[kwfzl; ? apwemeJh wkdufwGef;@Hkavmufom wwfEdkifjurSm _zpfw,f ?

wcsdKh u tcdk;usifh pOfusifh aejuw,f pifppftyrSDawGqD a&mufukefjuwm_zpfw,f ?

b,fh ES,fajumifh tyrSDvm&ovJ ? w_ynfvHk;u tcdk;usifh pOform;awGjum;rSm tyrSDcHae&olawG b,fh

101

avmuf@SdaejuovJqdkwmeJhywfoufvdkh xkwfa_ymvdkuf& &if / vlawmfawmfrsm;rsm; usifh &JjurSm

r[kwfzl; udef;*%ef;uawmfawmfhudk ajumufp&maumif; aewmudk; ? 'Dawmh bm_yKvdkh

ckvdk_zpfae&ovJ ? 'gawG[m omrefvlwdkh&Jh vlh tzGJhtpnf;udk 'k=ay;aejuw,f ? b,fh ES,fajumifh

ckavmuf t_zpfqdk;ae&vJ ? 'gvJ vlom;wdkh u udk,fh [mudk,fvuf,yfac:cJh juwmudk; ? bm_yKvdkh

vJqdkawmh vlom;awG ysufpD;aejuavawmh/ b,fae&mjunfhvdkuf/ junfhvkduf / raumif;qdk;0g;awG

qdkwmvufn+d;xdk;rvGJ _zpfaeju&w,fav? txl;o_zifh ta&_cHKtcdk;usifh pOf q&m awGqdkwm

tyrSDawGcsnf;yDyD / olwdkh vufqifhurf; aejuwmawG[m tJ'grsKd;awGcsnf;aygh? twdwfuqkd&if/

vlom;wdkh ordkif;pOf wpfav#mufrSm / wd&ðmefawG[m vlawGtay: tyrSDcGifh r@Sdjuzl; / rSD&if

towfcH&rSm _zpfw,f / b,folawGh ,awGh cGifh _yKjurSm r[kwfzl; ? 'gayr,fh u|efawmfwdkh rsufarSmufvlh

tzGJh tpnf;rSmawmh / vlawGu ,if;wdkh udk vuf_zefhaejuw,f/ ,if;wdkh udk vdkcsifaejuw,f/ ,if;wdkh udk

udk;uG,faejuw,f ? ÞusKyfu txifu& vuf_zefhwmrS r[kwfbJ ß vdkh wcsdKh uqdkjuvdrfh r,f ?

vufr_zefh ygzl;vdkh om qdkw,f / oifu pGrf;tifudkvdkufaew,f r[kwfvm; ? w&m;ppf/ w&m;rSefusifh

yGm;wJh w&m;tvif;&olwdkhu ay;Edkif rSmwJh vm; ? &csifw,fqdkwmu omrefvlawGjum;u

tpGJtvrf;r[kwfvm; ? ckvdkpdwfrsdK;u y,fypf&rSm ? 'Dawmhb,folu ay;EdkifrvJ ?

'd_yif[if;vif;_yifawGu raumif;qdk;0g;awGeJh wd&ðmefawGu om ay;EdkifrSm ? 'Dawmh ,if;wdkh udk

vuf_zefh&m rusvm; ? vuf_zefh&muswJh aemufawmh / ,if;wdkh a&mufvmjuwmqef;ovm; ?

tawG;tac:rSefrSefeJh tcdk;usifh pOfusifh ol qdkvdkhb,fh avmufrsm;&SdyghrvJ ? usifh juH&mrSm

tusifh oDv aumif;&r,f / aumif;wJh tr+ _yK&r,f pdwfaumif;apwem xm;&r,f/ t&m&mwdkif; / ae&m

wumwdkif;rSm 'Dtwdkif; _zpfap&r,f ? yef;_cHrSm usifh usifh -tdrfrSm usifh usifh / tJovdk awG;wJh vl

b,fESpfa,muf@SdvJ ? wcsdKh qdk&ifvJ bmusifh rSef;rodzl; ? wzufuusifh &if; / wzufuvJ udk,fudk

[dk,drf;'D,dkifeJh ? yg;pyfuvJ Þ usKyfac|;rvm; ? usKyfudk @dkaowm r[kwfzl; ß qdkwmu wpfrsdK; ? Þigh

a,m=juD;vm; / odyfqdk;wm ßqdkwmuwpfzHk ? pHkvdkh aygh ? wcsdKh uqdk&ifvJ t&m&ma0zefa&; vkyf

juwm / õmetajumif;wkdhuae EdkifiHawmfta&;udpPawGtxd pHkvdkh aygh ? udk,fh t_rifeJh

rudkufwmrsdK;qdk&if a'g azmif;vdkh udk r_yD;Edkifawmh zl; ? junfh av / 'gusifh yGm;tm;xkwfwmwJh vm; ?

wcsdKh qdk&if rwfwwfavh usifh cef; usifh wm / yifyef;vdkh a_caxmufawmif wkefwkef,if,if

_zpfvmae_yD/ olh OD;aESmufuawmh em;&w,fvdkh udk r@Sdzl; ? Þ ckqdk ypPnf;awGu aps;juD;vdkufwm/

aps;uvJ wufvdkufwm ? udk,fh õme qdkvJ vcawmif xkwfray;Edkifzl; ? igb,fh ES,fajumifh

102

pGrf;tifr&Edkif _zpfae&vJ ? igom pGrf;tifay:&if / igvJ tcdk;usifh pOfq&m _zpfa&maygh / a&m*gav;bmav;

ukay;Edkif&if pD;yGm;_zpfa&maygh ?ß eJh tawG; a&,Ofajum arsmvdkh aygh ? 'Djum;xJ

wpfa,mufa,mufavmuf pGrf;tifay:wmawGh &&if / 'Dvlom_yD;awmh awmif

pdwfavmjuD;vmrSm_zpfw,f ? tJ'Dtcsdefup_yD; / udk,fh taeeJh vJ pGrf;tifay:atmif / 'dAýp=K

aygufatmif / a&m*gukEdkifatmif oJoJrJrJ vdkufawmh rSm _zpfw,f ? pOf;pm;junfh juprf;yg ? ckvdk

vkyfyHkrsdK;[m u|efawmfwdkh pjum0VmxJu*k%fowdWxl;_zpfwJh opPm-arwWm-c÷Dwdkh eJh b,fh avmufrsm;

tvSrf;a0;aevdkufovJvdkh / vHk;vHk;udk zDvm_zpfraeayvm; ? cyf_yif;_yif;xefxef a_ym&&if / rdðmvrf;

vdkufae&m rusayvm; ? olh crsm uawmh todeJh r,SOfyJ vkyfrdaewmaygh ? olckvdk awG;av /

ay:vmwJh tm@HkuvJ raumif;av _zpfvmae&wmaygh ? 'Dvl[m w&m;&xm;ol r[kwfavawmh /

tusifh pm&dwW udk ta&;xm;&rSef; rodzl;&Sm;zl; avusifh uGufawG usifh &if; pGrf;tif&vmrSm / igbmvdkcsif

&if bmudk &vm&rSmvdkh txifa&mufae@Smw,fav?

'guawmh udk,fh tawG;tac: vrf;rSefrusvdkh raumif;wmawGudk vuf,yfac:rd&mus

wm_zpfw,f ? wd&ðmefawGu _rifukefju_yD ? Þ'Dvlu pD;yGm;_zpfatmifqdk_yD; usifh aewmuvm; ? 'Dvlu

awmh ausmfapmudwWd _zpfcsifaew,f / pGrf;tifvdkcsifaew,f ? atmifr,f 'Dvlh cE<mu rqdk;zl; / udk,f

ay:u[mawGuvJ odyfaumif;wm ? 'gayr,fh olh tawG;tac:uawmh odyfcsmwm / pGrf;tifudk

vdkufaew,f ? olh rSm q&mocif @Sdaumif;@Sdr,f / @Sdaum igu bmajumufae&rSmvJ ß wJh ? w&m; ppf

w&m;rSefusifhwJh q&mocifwdkhtaeeJh / olckavmufpGrf;tif vdkufaewmudk awGh &wJh tcg / ay;rSm

r[kwfzl; ? ief;ief; wuf vdkufav-ray;av _zpf@Hkru / tpGJtvrf; t_zpfeJh awmif

y,fypfrSm_zpfw,fqdkwmudk wd&ðmef awGuvJ odjuw,f ? 'Dvlh taeeJh pGrf;tifvdkcsifav r&av ?

r&av-udk,fh bufu rpOf;pm;av ? awG;yHkawG;enf;awGu ydkqdk;vmav _zpfae&ygava&m ?

aemufqHk;usawmh q&mocifh crsm / 'Dvlr&awmh rSef; od&wJh tcg / ouf_yif;cs_yD; vufav#mh

vdkuf&ygava&m ? wcsdKh u q&mocif r@Sdzl; / vrf;juHK q&mocifwpfa,mufa,mufu cew_zKwf

avmuf junhfay;aumif;junfh ay;vdrfhr,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJ qdkawmh / w&m;tvif;&ol awGqkd

wm[if;vif;_yiftoD;oD;rSm enf;wmrSwfvdkh ? w&m;tvif;&ol wpfa,mufa,mufu 'Dvlh udk awGh wJh

tcg / wpf&ufavmuf vdkufjunfh ay;vdrfh r,f ? r_zpfrSef;vJ oda&m / oGm;a&m ? eufzefus

wpfa,mufvm_yefa&m ? r_zpfrSef;vJ od&a&m / oGm;_yefa&m ?

103

olh rSm q&mocif_zpf_zpf-vrf;juHKq&mocif_zpf_zpf @SdaeOD;awmh / olvdkufaewm awGudk

ay;rSmr[kwfqdkwmudk wd&ðmefawGu odjuw,f ? wd&ðmefawG[m Om%fawmf@SifjuD;awG ae juwJh

[if;vif;_yifawGudk r_rifjuzl; ? 'Dawmh rajumufwJh t_yif / tuGufaumif;awmif Ed+ufvdkufju

ao;w,f ? u|efawmfwdkh pjum0VmxJrSm w&m;oabm wpf&yf@Sdw,f ? olh [mol vdkufaewmrsdK;awG /

vdkcsifae wmrsdK;awGudk a,bl,stm;_zifh 0ifpGufvdkh r_zpfzl; ? wd&ðmefawGu 'DtuGufaumif;udk

Ed+ufjuwmaygh ? olvdkcsifaewm / igay;r,f ? olh udk igulwm rrSm;zl; r[kwfvm; ? a&mh ,lqdk_yD;

ay;wmaygh ? pcgpawmh udk,fay:rwuf&Jzl; ? uJ prf;junfh ayawmh qdk_yD;

pGrf;tifenf;enf;ay;vdkufwmaygh ? 'Dvl[m wpfaeh rSm@kwfw&ufqdkovdk pGrf;tifwu,f&vma&m /

a&m*gvJ ukEdkifvma&m ? 'Dt_zpfudk awGh &wJh tcg / wd&ðmefu *DwyGJ&Jh yGJOD;ysdK;oHrsdK;t_zpf

toHk;_yKvmrSm _zpfw,f ? Þ olvdkcsifaewm / igolh udk,fay: wuf _yD; ay;rSaygh ? rsm;rsm;vJ ay;Edkif /

pdwfjudKufvJ ay;vdkh aumif;aygh ? 'dAýp=K vdkcsifw,f r[kwfvm;? 'DwpfcsD tukefay;_yDom rSwfayawmh

ß qdk_yD; / wd&ðmefu olh udk,fay:wufvmygava&m ?

'Dvlh taeeJh vJ pdwfxJrSm 'gawGudk pOf;pm;aewkef; / 'dAýp=K yGifh vma&m ? pGrf;tifvJ

xkwfv$wfEdkifvma&m ? omrefvGef tpGrf;tpuav;vJ enf;enf;yg;yg; &vma&m ? olh crsm 0rf;omvdkuf

wm b,fa_ymaumif;rvJ ? igawmh 'gawGudk &udk &vm_yD ? usifh &if;-usifh &if; &vm_yD&,fvdkh xifae

wmaygh ? pifppfolbmrS usifh vdkh &wm r[kwfzl; ? olu igawmh vlh udk,fxJudk t_yifuae tukef_rifae

&_yD ? b,fae&mrSma&m*g&aerSef; _rifvm&_yDvdkh xifaewmaygh ? trSefawmh um olh 'dAýp=K t@Sif;udk

ryGifh zl;? wd&ðmefu olh OD;aESmufudk csKyfudkifxm;wm ? wd&ðmefu rdrd rsufpdeJh junfh ? _yD;rS olh

OD;aESmufxJ ydkh ay;wm _zpfw,f ? tJ'gudk olu 'dAýp=K yGifh _yDvdkh xifaewm ? pGrf;tifv$wfcsifovm; /

v$wfaygh ? olh taeeJh pGrf;tifvGwfrvdkh vufqefh vdkufwJh tcg / wd&dðmefuvJ rdrd a_cvufwdkh udk olh

aemufuae qefh xkwfvmygava&m ? olpGrf;tifv$wfvmw,f qdk&ifbJ/ a_rGuvJ a&m*g_zpfwJh

ae&mudk - tzkxaewJh ae&mudk v#meJh &uf&uf ay;vmygava&m ? 'grsdK;awG[m awmfawmfh udk rsm;

wm? 'DvlawGudk tyrSDvmwm[m olwdkh [molwdkh vdkcsifjuvdkh _zpf&wm ?

tjuifol[m wpfckckudk rufaew,f ? pD;yGm;_zpfcsifaew,f ? ausmfaZmudwWd _zpfcsifae

w,f ? aumif;_yD ? pGrf;tifvJ @Sdvm_yD ? a&m*gvJ ukEdkifvm_yD ? 'dAýp=KvJ _rifvm&_yD ? olh crsm 0rf;om

rqHk; w_yHK;_yHK;aygh ? wd&ðmefu awGh &wJh tcg / Þ oifpD;yGm;_zpfcsifw,f r[kwfvm; ? aumif;_yD ? oifh

udk juD;yGm;&aph r,f ß aygh ? omrefvlwpfa,muf&Jh OD;aESmufudk csKyfudkifzdkh qdkwmvG,fvdkuforSa_ymrae

104

eJh awmh ? vlawGudk olh qDvmtukcHatmif / trsm;juD;vmatmif wd&ðmefu zefwD;ay;Edkifw,f ?

atmifr,fav; / wwfvJ wwfEdkifygayw,f ? wpfzufuvlawGudk a&m*gvmtukcHapovdk ?

wzufuvJ owif;axmufudk owif;pmxJ xnfh ajumf_imay;apatmif judK;qGJvdkufao;w,f ? ,if;u

omref vlawGudk judK;qGJ_yD; 'gawGvkyfaew,f ? a&m*g@SiftaeeJh ydkufqHtay;enf;&if awmifr&bl; /

acgif;udkufvm&vdrfh r,f ? bmjuD;_zpfaeae ydkufqHrsm;rsm;ay;rS qdkwJh oabmaygh ? ckvdk tcdk;usifh

pOfq&m _zpfvmwmeJh tr# / *k%f yumoeawG wufvm / juD;yGm;csrf;omvm / ausmfaZmudwWd

_zpfvmwmaygh ? 'DvlawG[mpdwf&nf pdwfaoG; ta&;rxm;juolrsm;yDyD / bmrqdk a_ym&Jjuw,f ?

tmumu aemifawmfjuD;/ oluaemifawmfav;wJh ? r,fawmf ewforD; 0ifpm;wm / _r{u&mZf

ewfrif;juD; 0ifpm;vmvdkh vJ a_ym&Jjuw,f ? olh udk,fol bk&m;vdkh awmif a_ym&Jjuw,f ? 'DvlawG[m

wu,fh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; usifh yGm;r+ r@Sdjuvdkh / pGrf;tifudk rufju &muae tyrSDcHvmju&wm _zpfw,f?

wcsdKh u xifaumif;xifaejuvdrfh r,f ? 'gbmraumif;p&m @SdovJ / ydkufqH&_yD;wmyJ /

juD;yGm;&if _yD;wmyJ / emrnfawmif ausmfEdkifao;wmbJvdkh xifaejuolawG enf;rSmr[kwfzl; ? u|efawmf

a_ym_yr,f ? pifppf,if;wdkh u oifh udk tajumif;rJh oufouf ay;wm r[kwfzl; ? olh &nf@G,fcsufeJh ay;

wm? 'Dpjum0VmrSm w&m;oabm wpf&yf@Sdw,f ? rqHk;@+H;bJeJhr& EdkifwJh ? ,if;wdkh bm&juovJ ? ckeu

u|efawmf'D_y\emudk a_ymcJh _yD r[kwfvm; ? ,if;wdkhu vlhudk,fay:u tqDtESpf udk qGwf,l_yD; / vlh

cE<m_zpfvmatmif usifh ,ljurSm_zpfw,f ? vlh cE<mrSm tqDtESpfqdkvdkh 'DtqDtESpfwpf

&yfyJ@dSw,f ? b,folusifh usifh tJ'DtqDtESpfeJh usifh&rSmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? 'DtqDtESpfudk wd&ðmefu

&oGm;&if / oifawmh usifhzdkh rjuH eJh awmh ? oifh rSm bmrSr@Sdavawmh / b,fvdkvkyfusifhawmh rvJ ?

tv#if;udk usifh vdkh &rSmr[kwfawmh zl; ? wpfcsdKh u ckvdk a_ymaumif;a_ymvdrfh r,f ?

ÞusKyfuusifhcsifaewm r[kwffzl; ? usKyfujuD; yGm;csifaewm / ydkufqH @Sd_yD;a&m /

bmta&;vkyfaep&mvdkvdkh ß whJ ? u|efawmfa_ym_yr,f / oifujuD; yGm;csifw,fr[kwfvm; ?

u|efawmftusdK;tajumif;@Sif;_yr,f / oiftJ'Dvdk pOf;pm;awmh rSmr[kwfzl; ? bm_yKvdkhvJ ? wu,fvdkh

oifh udk,fay:uae olcGmoGm;wmapm&if / oifh a_cvuft*FgawGcsd usef&pfvdrfhr,f ? wpfoufvHk; tJ'Dvdk

_zpfae&rSm_zpfw,f ? vlh tqDtESpfawG ,if;qDygoGm;wm renf;yJudk; ? wu,fvdkh oifh udk,fay:

uaecGmwmaemufus&if / oif[m tyifvlt_zpfrsdK;eJh wpfouf vHk;ckwifay:rSm toufaiGh aiGh

uav;usefae&rSm_zpfw,f ? ydkufqH@Sd aumoHk; Edkif rSmwJh vm; ? ausmfapmudwWd @SdaumcHpm;Edkif

rSmwJhvm; ? ajumufp&m raumif;vm; ?

105

ckvdkudpPrsdK;[muaeh usifh juHolwdkh jum;rSm xl;xl;_cm;_cm; ay:vGifaewmudkawGh&w,f ?

_yD;awmh odyf_yD; awmhvJrsm;wm ? ,if;wdkh [mcEQmrSm rSDju@kHru / vlwdkh &Jh rlvewfudkvJ owfypfju

w,f ? vlwdkh &Jh Þ eD0rfeef;awmf ß-Þ awmuf ß 0g'Dwdkh ac:juwJh xif;@l;oD;yHkudk,f xJ0ifae juw,f ? olh

udkjunfh vdkuf&ifvlvdkyJ / 'gayr,fh vlr[kwfzl; ? ckqdk 'Dvdkt_zpfrsdK; awmifay:vmaew,f ? bm_yKvdkhvJ

qdkawmh / vlom;wdkh &Jh tusifh pm&dwWpHn$ef;[ma_ymif;vJr+_zpfaerSudk; ? wcsdKh vlawG[mraumif;wmawG

vkyfaejuw,f ? Þ oifraumif;wmawGvkyfaeygvm; ß vdkh oGm;a_ymjunfh prf; / olu,HkrSmr[kwfzl; ?

aiG@Smwm / aiGvdkufwm / juD;yGm;csifwm / tjuGif;rJh rSefuefwJh avmu"H w&m; eJhudkuf nDw,f /

rSefw,fvdkh oluxifaew,f ? 'ghajumifh vJolrsm;udk xdcdkuf epfemapatmif- tusdK;,kwfapatmif

av#mufvkyfaew,f ? aiG&zdkhtwGuf urf;ukefatmif qdk;oGrf;aew,f / bmrqdk vkyf&Jw,f ?

wd&ðmeftaeeJht qHk;rcH&if / bmrS _yef&rSm r[kwfzl; ? ,if;u oifh udk tajumif;rJh

oufoufay;rSmwJhvm; ? oifh udk,fay:u[mudk vdkcsifaewmav ? rSefw,f / u|efawmfwdkh a_ym_yD;_yD /

vlawG[m udk,fh [mudk,f tawG;tqrrSef juvdkh / pdwfa_zmifhrSef_cif;r&Sd juvdkh ckvdk _*dK[fwdk;aeju&wm

aygh?

"rRpjumw&m;awmfeJh ywfoufvdkh u|efawmfwdkh a_ym_yr,f ? u|efawmfwdkh usifh pOfudk

usifh &mrSm / oifh taeeJh omudk,fh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;udk xdef;Edkifr,fqdk&if / okp@dkufwpfcku 'kp@dkuf

wpf&mudk atmifEdkifw,fqdkovdk / bm_y\emrSay:rSmr[kwfzl; ? pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;udk rxdef;EdkifyJ / 'D[m

vJruf / [dk[mvJvdkcsif _zpfaer,fqdk&ifawmh / _*dK[fwdk;&rSm usdef;aoyJ ? wcsdKhqdk&if / e*dkuusifh wm

awGudk vufudkrv$wf &ufzl; ? tcdk;usifh pOfusifh &mrSm / wu,fwrf;usifhyGm;tm;xkwf &mrSm /

judKuf&mwpfckckudkom pGJusifhzdkh u|efawmfwdkh ucH,lxm;w,f ? wcsdKh tcdk;usifh pOfq&mawGqdk&if

pmtkyfawGawmif xkwfukef ju_yD ? pmtkyfxkwfwmudkwif uGufjunfh raeeJh ? u|efawmfa_ym_yr,f ?

tJ'DpmtkyfawGxJrSm bmrqdktukef@dSw,f ? olwdkh usifh aejuwmawGeJh wpm;wnf;yJ ? a_rGqdka_rG -

a_racG;qdk a_racG;-a_rGyg_rD;wdk0gqdk a_rGyg_rD;wdk0g aygh ? tJ'DpmtkyfawGudkoifjunfh &if /

tJ'gawGupmvHk;awGxJuae ckefxGufjuygava&m ? u|efawmf a_ym_yD;_yD ? tJ'Dvdkta&_cHKtcdk;usifh

pOfq&mawG[m tppfawGxuf tqaygif;rsm;pGmudkrsm;aejuwm ? oifvJ cGJ_cm;vdkh &rSmr[kwfzl; ? 'gh

ajumifh aumif;aumif;udkifwG,fwwfjuygav? "rRpjumw&m;awmfudk oifusifh udkusifh rSvdkh

'DrSmu|efawmfa_ymaewmr[kwfzl; ? oif b,fusifh pOfusifh ,usifh _zpfw,f ? 'gayrJh twdwfu

pum;wpfcGef;@Sdw,f ? Þw&m;ppf w&m;rSefudk ESpfaygif; wpfaxmifavmufxdatmif rusifh &ao;

106

&if@Sdapawmh / rdðmvrf;udkawmh wpf&ufwpfavrSawmifvdkufrSmr[kwf ß wJh? 'gh ajumifh

aumif;aumif;udkifwG,fwwfrS_zpfr,f? w&m;ppf w&m;rSefudk wu,fwrf;usifh rSawmfr,f? usifh&mrSmvJ

bmqdkbmrS a&maESmrusifh ygaveJh / tm@kHawmifrS a&mrusifh ygaveJh ? wcsdKh qdk&if "rRpjumawmif

yHkysufyef; ysuf _zpfukef&_yD ? bm_yKvdkh yHkysufyef;ysuf _zpf&ovJ ? olu b,fvdka_ymovJqdkawmh /

[dktcdk;usifh pOf udk usKyf rusifh &ygwJh ? 'gayr,fh vuf&SdusifhpOfudk usifh_yDqdkrS_zifh

e*dkutm@kHawGudka&musifh ygava&m ? 'Dawmh 0ifrukefyJaeyghrvm; ? tyrSD_y\emeJh ywfoufvdkh

'Dr#avmufa_ym&if awmfavmuf_yD xifw,f ?

pjum0æmpum;

pjum0æmpum;qdkwmbmvJ ?vlwcsdKh [m @kwfw&ufqkdovkd wxl;wqef;pum;

wpfrsdK;udk a_ymwwfvmw,f ? Þ ,$wf,$wf,Suf,Suf ß eJh a_ymvdkh oma_ymae&w,f / udk,fh [mudk,f

vJbma_ymvdkh a_ymrSef; rodzl; ? pdwfcsif;qufoG,f pGrf;tif@Sdol wdkhuawmh tjurf;oabmavmuf

em;vnfjuw,f ? 'gayr,fh twdtusbma_ymovJqdkwmawmh em;rvnfjuzl; ? ^yD;awmh wcsdKh ursm;

qdk&ifbmompum; awmfawmfrsm;rsm;a_ymwwfjuw,f ? wcsdKhuvJodyfawmfwmvkdhxifaejuw,f/

tpGrf;tp&,fvkdhxifaejuw,f / pGrf;tif&,fvdkh xifaejuw,f ? ,if;[mpGrf;tifr[kwfzl; / usifh

juHolwdkh &Jh tpGrf;vJr[kwfzl; / oifh tqifh udkvJudk,fpm;r_yKEdkifzl; ? 'Dawmh bmwJhvJ ? oifh tawG;tac:

udk_yifyuvmwJh ouf@SdwpfrsdK;ucsKyf udkifxm;wm_zpfw,f ? 'gudkrsm; oifuodyfaumif;w,fvdkh

xifaew,f / oifuvdkcsifaew,f / oifu 0rf;omaew,f / oif0rf;omav / oluoifh

udk_rJ_rJcsKyfudkifavaygh ? wu,fh usifh juHolwpfa,muf taeeJh ,if;ucsKyfudkifwmudk cHaevdkh _zpfrvm; ?

^yD;awmh ,if;&Jh tqifh utifrwefedrfh wm ? 'gh ajumifh wu,fusifh yGm;ol_zpfwJh u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh

ckvdk @+yf@+yf,Suf,Suf[mrsKd;awGudk rzdwfac:ygaveJh ?

t&mcyfodrf; wdkh &Jh tc&myDyD / vlqdkwmtbdk;xdkufwefqHk; _zpfw,f ? 'Dawmh oifh taeeJh

'D[mawGcsKyfudkifwmudk cHae&awmhrSmvm; / oifh udk,fcEQmudkawmif rvkdcsifawmh zl;vm; / b,fh

avmuf oem;p&maumif;vdkufovJvdkh ? tJ'D[mawG[m wcsdKh uvlh udk,fay:rSm uyfaejuw,f / wcsdKh

107

uuyfr aezl; / cyfcGmcGmaejuw,f ? 'gayr,fh ,if;uoifh udk _c,fvS,faew,f / csKyfudkifaew,f ?

oifa_ym csif&if oluoifh udka_ymapw,f / Þ ,$wf,$wf,Suf,Suf ß eJh a_ymapw,f ? wpfa,muf

a,mufu oifcsif&ifvJ oifay;vdkh &w,f ? &J&Joma_ym / a_ymvdkh &a&m ? pifppftJ'gawG[mvJ

tkyfvdkufodkufvdkuf / oifa_ymcsif&if oifh qD wpfa,mufavmuf a&mufvm^yD; a_ymapava&m ?

bm_yKvdkh ckvdkt_zpfrsdK;ay:vm&ovJ ? 'gvJu|efawmfa_ymcJh ovdkaygh ? ,if;wdkh taeeJh

udk,fh tqifh udk _rifh vmapcsifw,f ? 'gayr,fh [dkbufrSmu 'k=cH&p&m r@Sdavawmh / usifh yGm;tm;

xkwfvdkh r_zpfyJudk; ? 'geJh ,if;wdkh u vlawGudk aumif;wmav; bmav;ulvkyfay;&atmif qdk^yD;tjuH

xkwfjuw,f ? 'gayr,fh b,fvdkvkyf&rSef; rodjuzl; ? rdrdwdkh xkwfv$wfwJh pGrf;tif[m a&m*graysmufEkdif

ayr,fh / enf;enf;yg;yg;xdef;EdkifcsKyfEdkifvdkh / a0'em@SifawGudk tcdkuftwefh tm;_zifh oufom&m&aprSm

_zpfajumif;udkawmh ,if;wdkhodjuw,f / vlwdkh yg;pyfuaexGufvmwJh tcg ckvdktusdK;oufa&muf

r+@SdEdkifajumif;udk odjuw,f ? t_zpfuawmh 'gyJ ? tJ'gudk wcsdKh u tmumpum;vdkh qdkw,f / wcsdKh

uvJAk'Qpum;vdkh qdkw,f ? 'gbk&m;udk _ypfrSm;wm ? vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm;udkxif&m t&rf;pGwfa_ymaejuwm ?

trsm;odwJh twdkif; /Ak'Qwdkh [mE+wf[cJw,f ? wu,fvdkh u|efawmfwdkh 'D[if;vif;_yifrSm

E+wf[pum;a_ymrd&if / vlom;wdkh tzdkh a_rivsif _zpfapvdrfh r,f b,f_zpfyghrvJ? ajumufcref;vdvudk

odrfhodrfhwkefoGm;aprSm _zpfw,f ? wcsdKh u a_ymw,f ? olu|efawmfeJh pum;a_ymwmudk u|efawmf

'dAýp=KeJh awGh &w,fwJh ? oluoifeJh pum;a_ymwm r[kwfzl; ? wcsdKh qdk&ifvJ u|efawmfh "rRum,eJh

qHkjuwJh tcg / xdkenf;4if;yJ aygh ?olu oifeJh pum;a_ymwm r[kwfzl; ? olydkh v$wfvdkufwJh tm@Hk[m

av;bufoHpHkjum;_zpfvdkh / oif jum;&wJh tcg / ola_ymwmudk jum;ae&ovdkaygh ? a,bl,stm;_zifh olh

[if;vif;_yifxJrSmpum; a_ymvdkh &w,f ? 'gayr,fh 'Dbuf[if;vif;_yifxJ a&mufvmwJh tcgusawmh /

jum;&wmr@Sif;awmh zl; ? [if;vif;_yifESpfck[m tcsdef - tmum_yif t,ltq_cif; rwljuvdkh udk; ?

u|efawmfwdkh 'D[if;vif;_yifrSm wpfÞpDcsifß [m ESpfem&DeJh nDr#w,f ? [dk[if;vif;_yifjuD;usawmh /

u|efawmfwdkh &Jh wpfÞpDcsifß [m olwdkh &Jh wpfESpfeJh nDr#aew,f ? u|efawmfwdkh tcsdefu olwdkh xufawmif

aES;ae ao;w,f?

Þ rdk;ay:rSmwpf&uf / a_ray:rSm ESpfwpfaxmif ß vdkh a&S;uqdk@dk;@Sdw,f ? tJ'guawmh

te÷okcuÝm / a0æK&d,uÝm / "rRpjum / y'krRmjumuÝm wdkh vdk Om%fawmf@SifjuD;awGae ,aejuwJh /

uÝmawGaygh tmum_yift,ltq / tcsdeft,ltquif;wJh oD;oefh uÝmwdkh udk qdkvdkwm _zpfw,f ?

[dk[if;vif;_yifjuD;u tcsdefus awmh _refawmifaeao;w,f ? 'dAýaomw aygufaeju /

108

olrsm;taeeJhem;yGifh aeju^yD_zpfavawmh? olwdkh a_ymwmawG udk jum;&Edkifw,f? 'gayrJh bma_ymrSef;

odrSmr[kwfzl; / iSufuav;awG juGufpDjuGufpD_zpfaewJh toHrsdK;vdk vdk- t_refvnfaewJh "mwfpufu

xGufvmwJh toH_refvdkvdk toHrsdK;awGudkom jum;ae&rSm_zpfw,f ? rSefw,f wcsdKh u *DwoH

jum;&w,f / pum;a_ymoHvJ jum;&w,f ? 'gayr,fh pGrf;tifwpfrsdK;udk jum;cHe,f t_zpfoHk;_yD; /

tcsdefuGm[r+udk y,f@Sm;ypfygrSom / oifh em;xJ a&mufvmwJh tcg oJoJuGJuGJ jum;& rSm_zpfw,f ?

t_zpfuawmh 'gyJ ? wcsdKh u Ak'<pum;vdkh qdkjuw,f / t@Sif;udk r[kwfzl; ?

Om%fawmf@SifjuD;awGqkdwm wpfa,mufeJh wpfa,muf qHkrdjuwJh tcg / _yHK;vdkufju@HkeJh

tcsif;csif; em;vnfukefjuygava&m ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh olwdkh toHk;_yKwmu toHwdwfpdwfcsif;

qufoG,fpGrf;tif _zpfavawmh / vufcH&@Sdwmu av;bufoHpHkjum; _zpfaevdkh udk; ? olwdkh _yHK;vdkuf

juwJh tcgrSm / t_rifcsif; zvS,f_yD;oGm;ygava&m ? 'DyHkpHrsdK;wif ruzl; / wcgwavusawmh vJ /

w_cm;enf;wpfrsdK;udk oHk;juw,f ? trsm;odwJh twdkif; / ÞwdAufß v#dKh 0Sufusifh pOfu vmrm

bkef;juD;awG[m rk_'mwdkh udk oHk;avh @Sdw,f ? rk_'mqdkwm bmvJvdkh vmrm bkef;juD;awGudk ar;junfh &if /

txGãfqHk; a,m*vdkh a_zvdrfh r,f ? twdtusu bmvJqdkwmusawmh olwdkh vJ rodjuzl; ? pifppf

Om%fawmf@SifjuD;awG&Jh pum;aygh / vlrsm;&if rk_'mjuD;awGudk oHk;w,f / rk_'mjuD;awG trsdK;rsdK;aygh ?

odyfvSwmyJ ? vlenf;&if rk_'mav;awGudkoHk;w,f ? rsdK;pHkvSwJh 'Drk_'mav;awG qkd&ifvJ odyfvSwmyJ ?

odyf@+yfwmyJ ? odyfjuG,f0wmyJ ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh bmompum;rdkh vdkh udk; ? t&ifuqdk&if 'gawG[m

tmum v#dKh 0SufcsufawGcsnf;aygh ? cku|efawmfwdkh u tukefxkwfa_ym_yD ? wdAufrSm oHk;aewmuawmh

usifh uGuf usifh zdkh twGuf oufouf_zpfwJh v+yf@Sm;r+ enf;enf;uav;om _zpf w,f ? rmwdumtvdkuf

pepfwus pDpOfxm;wJh 'Drk_'mwdkh [m usifhuGufusifha&; pum;oufouft_zpfeJh om oHk;ae wm _zpfw,f?

usifh uGufyHkpH wcsdKh wavavmuftwGufom _zpfw,f ? wu,fh rk_'mawGusawmh um tawmfh udk

@+yfaxG;wm ?

oifom;rsm;udk q&mu bmawGrsm; ay;ovJ

vlwcsdKh [m u|efawmfh udk awGh wJh tcg vufudk qGJ_yD; qkyfxm;wm r_yD;awmh zl; ? olrsm;

109

awGuvJ awGh awmh / tvm;wl u|efawmfeJh vufqGJE+wfqufjuw,f ? pdwfxJrSm olbmawG;aeovJqdk

wm u|efawmfodw,f ? wcsdKh u q&meJh vufqGJ E+wfquf&wmudk odyf0rf;omjuw,f ? wcsdKh u

owif;tcsuftvuf enf;enf;&csifjuvdkh awmfawmfeJh vufrv$wfjuawmh zl; ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f /

wu,f usifh bkdhqdkwmu oifh udk,fY&Jh udpP_zpfw,f ? 'DrSmu a&m*guif;a&;-usef;rma&;qdk_yD; / oifh udk

owif;tcsuftvuf enf;enf;ay;wm / oifh udk a&m*g oefh pifay;wmrsdK; r[kwfzl; ? u|efawmfwdkh uvJ

'Dtajumif; ra_ymzl; ? oifh a&m*gudk u|efawmfu wdkuf@dkufy,fay;oGm;rSm _zpfw,f ? avh usifh ae&mrSm

u|efawmfh "rRum,u y,fay;oGm;rSm _zpfw,f ? udk,fh [mudk,f pmtkyfjunfh _yD; avhvmjuolawGudkvJ

u|efawmf"rRum,wkdhu a&m*gawG y,fay;oGm;rSm_zpfw,f ? u|efawmfh vufudk udkif@HkeJh od'<dwufvm

vdrfh r,fvdkh oifxifaeovm; ? &,fp&m r_zpfayvm; ?

od'<dqkdwmu udk,fh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;udk rlwnf_yD; usifh ,l&wm _zpfw,f ? oifvufawGh

rusifh &if / od'<dwufrSm r[kwfzl; ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;pHu @SdaerSudk; ? oifod'<dwuf

vmwJh tcgrSm / oifh &Jh pdwftpGJtJ'D @kyf0wÔK_yKwfus oGm;wmeJhtr# / oifh acgif;ay:rSm udkufwHwpfck

ay:vmwmukd tqifh _rifh olwdkh taeeJhawGh&Ekdifw,f ? tJ'Dvdk udkufwHrsdK;[m pGrf;&nfwkdif

toGifrsKd;eJhwnf @SdaerSm_zpfw,f ? udkufwH_rifh oavmuf-pGrf;&nffwdkifuvJ _rifh aerSm

_zpfw,f ? ,if;u oifusifh yGm;&&SdwJhod'd<udk udk,fpm;_yKaew,f / oifh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; tqifh udkvJ

udk,fpm;_yKae w,f ? olrsm;awGu oifh udk b,fh avmufay;ay; / tvum;yJ ?

wpfpufuav;avmufay;OD;awmh tv um;yJ ? tukefav#musukef&rSmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? oifh udk Þ

yef;oHk;yGifh OD;xdyfrSm pkpnf;_cif; ß t_zpf a&mufatmif u|efawmfcsufcsif; vkyfay;Edkifw,f ? 'gayr,fh

oift_yifudk xGufvdkufwmeJh w_ydKifeuf / pGrf;tifawG tukefav#musukefrSm_zpfw,f ? oifh [mrS

r[kwfyJudk; / oifh usifh yGm;tm;xkwfr+uae ay:vmwmrS r[kwfyJudk; / wifay;vdkh b,f&rvJ ? bm_yKvdkh

vJqdkawmh oifh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;pHu tJ'Dtqifh rSmrS r[kwfyJudk; / b,folwifay; ,ay; &rSmr[kwfzl; ?

vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm;udk udk,fh [mudk,f tm;xkwfygrS / udk,fh pdwfudk usifh ygrS _zpfrSm ? pGrf;tifwufvmatmif /

tqifh _rifh ,_rifh vmatmif / pjum0Vm*k%fowdW xl;eJh wom;wnf;_zpfvmatmif

ydyd&d&dxdxda&mufa&muf usifh ygrSom / oifwuf vmEdkifrSm_zpfw,f ? wcsdKh u u|efawmfh udk

vufrSwfxdk;cdkif;w,f / u|efawmfu rxdk;csifzl; ? wcsdKh u q&migh udk vufrSwfxdk;ay;_yDqdk_yD;

juGm;csifjuw,f ? q&mh owif;tcsuftvufwdkh &Jh apmifrr+udk vdkcsifjuw,f ? 'gvJ pdwftpGJyJ

r[kwfvm; ? usifh w,fqdkwm udk,fh udkudk,f tm;xm;&w,f ? owif; tcsuftvufawGudk bm_yKvdkh

110

ta&;xm;ae&vJ ? tqifh _rifh rSm usifh &mrSm / 'gawGudk tm@Hkxm;aevdkh _zpfrvm; ? 'gawGubmrdkh vdkh

vJ/ a&m*guif;a&;-usef;rma&; twGufavmufom _zpfwm ?

oifudk,fh [mudk,f usifh yGm;wJh pGrf;tifawGurS / tvGeftrif; i,fvSwJh avmu"mwfi,f

rSm / pGrf;tif&Jh tepdwf_rLawG[m oifh yHkoGifeJh wpfyHkpHwnf;_zpfaerSm / avmuDtyusifh pOf a&mufwJh tcg

Ak'<cE<mudk oifpusifh oGm;&awmh rSm _zpfw,f ? pGrf;tifawG[m Ak'<cE<myHkawGcsnf;_zpfaerSm / odyfvSwm /

y'krRmjumyef;ay:rSm xkdifaejurSm ? tEkpdwf_rLwdkif;_rLwdkif; 'Dtwdkif;csnf;_zpfaerSm ? wd&dðmefawG&Jh

pGrf;tifawGqdkvJ a_racG;uav;awG / a_rGuav;awGcsnf;yJaygh ? tvGeftrif;i,fvSwJh avmu"mwfi,f

utEkpdwf _rLawGrSmvJ tJ'gawGcsnf;yJaygh ? _yD;awmh owif;tcsuftvufqdkwmwdkh vJ @Sdao;w,f ?

wcsdKh uqdk&ifvJ vufzuf&nf jurf;wdkufvdrfh r,f ? tJ'gvJ pGrf;tifvkdhqkdwmyJ omrefvlqdkwm

tcdkuftwefh tm;_zifh a0'em oufoma&; / aemufudk a@$h qdkif;ypfa&; / xdef;csKyfa&;xm;Ekdifwdkh

avmufudkom ar#mfudk;aeju&@Smwm ukd? bma_ymaeae omrefvlqdkwm omrefvlyJudk; ? olwdkh taeeJh /

rdrdwdkh udk,fcE<mudk b,ftxd 'k=a&mufatmif vkyfaeae-u|efawmfwdkh u vSnfh junfh aeEdkifrSm

r[kwfzl; ? u|efawmfwdkh u usifh yGm;tm;xkwfolawG _zpfjuvdkh / 'Dtajumif;awGudk u|efawmfu

xkwfa_ymwm ? aemufudk 'grsdK;awG rvkyfjuygaveJh ? owif;tcsuftvufqdkwmwdkh /[dk[mwdkh 'D[mwdkh

qdkwmawGudk vm;vm;rS r,lygaveJh ? wcsdKh tcdk; usifh pOfq&mawGu b,fvdka_ymjuovJqdkawmh /

u|efawmfoifwdkh udk owif;tcsuftvuf ydkh v$wf ay;r,f ? t_rdKh _rdKh te,fe,fuae oifwdkh

vufcH,ljuvdkh qdkw,f ? b,fvdkrsm; vufcH,l&rSmwJh vJ ? u|efawmfa_ym_yr,f ? 'gawG[m bmrS

[kwWdywWd r[kwfzl; ? aumif;usdK;@Sdw,fxm;OD; / a&m*g uif;a&;-usef;rma&;avmufom_zpfw,f ?

u|efawmfwdkh u usifh yGm;olyDyD / pGrf;tifqdkwm udk,fh [m udk,f usifh &muae yGm;vmwm_zpfw,f ?

olrsm;ydkh v$wfay;wJh owif;tcsuftvuf pGrf;tifqdkwmu tqifh udk _rSifh ray;Edkifzl; / omrefvlwdkh udk

a&m*guif;a&; vkyfay;_cif;om_zpfw,f ? udk,fh pdwfudk a_zmifhaeatmif rSefaeatmif

usyfusyfxdef;xm;Ekdifjuygav? usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&;qdkwm b,folrS tpm;xdk;vdkh &wmrsdK; r[kwfzl; /

oifh taeeJh udk,fh [mudk,f wu,fwrf; usifh ygrSom tqifh _rifh vmEdkifrSm _zpfw,f ?

'Dawmh trsm;wumwdkh udk u|efawmfbmawGay;ovJ ? trsm;odwJh twdkif; / u|efawmfwdkh

vlawmfawmfrsm;rsm; [m tcdk;usifh pOfrusifh zl;juzl; ? udk,frSma&m*g @Sdjuw,f ? awmfawmfrsm;rsm;u

awmh ESpfrsm;pGm usifh cJh juayr,fh / tcdk;xJrSmyJ w0Jvnfvnf _zpfaejuvdkh / pGrf;tif r@Sdjuzl; ? rSefw,f /

wcsdKh u olrsm;udk a&m*gukay;juw,f / b,fvdk ukw,fqdkwm oifrodzl; ? tyrSD _y\emtajumif;udk

111

a_ympOf / u|efawmfu w&m;awmf wu,fusifh Edkifolwdkh udk,fu tyrSDawGudk / bmawGyJ _zpfaeae-

raumif;wm rSefor#awGudk cE<mtwGif;t_yif ESpfckpvHk;uae tukeftpif @Sif;ypfvdkuf_yD ? udk,fh [mudk,f

wu,fwrf; usifh olawGudk qdk&ifvJ / 'Dw&m;awmfudk junfh wJh tcgrSm / udk,fcE<mudk oefh pifay;oGm;rSm

_zpfw,f ? oifh tdrfu ywf0ef;usifudkvJ @Sif;ay;oGm;rSm_zpfw,f ? t&ifu oifewfwifcJh wJh a_racG;wdkh /

a_rGyg_rD;wdk0gwdkh &Jh ewfpifawGudk t_refv$ihfypfvdkufayawmh / tukef@Sif;ypfvdkuf_yD / bmrSukd r@Sdawmh zl; /

oif u usifh yGm;tm;xkwfrSmrdkh vdkh / u|efawmfwdkh u oifh udk tqifa_yqHk; wHcg;zGifh ay;Edkifw,f / oifh udk

'gawG aqmif@Gufay;Edkifw,f ? 'gayr,fh wu,fwrf; usifh olawGudkrSom ckvdk aqmif@Gufay;EdkifrSm

_zpfw,f ? rSefw,f wcsdKh u usifh csifpdwf r@Sdzl; / u|efawmfbma_ymaeovJqdkwmudkvJ ckxufxd

oabmraygufao;zl; ? 'Dawmh u|efawmfwdkh u b,fh ES,fvkyf junfh @+oGm;Edkifygh rvJ ? wu,fusifh

olawGudkrS u|efawmfwdkh u junfh@+apmifh a@SmufoGm;rSm _zpfw,f ?

aemufvlwpfrsdK; @Sdao;w,f/ olh udk,fay:rSm tyrSDaew,fvdkh t&ifuta_ymcHcJh &w,f?

olh udk,fYuvJ @Sdw,fvdkh cHpm;rdw,f ? tJ'DrSDaewJh taumif;udk y,fypfvdkufwJh aemufrSmvJ / 'Dvl[m

pkd;,drfpdwfrazsmufEkdifbJ/ e*kdtwkdif;bJvkdhxifaeukef;/ tyrSD @Sdaeao;wmbJvdkh xifaewkef; ? 'gtpGJaygh /

oHo,aygh ? jumawmh vkyfwmr[kwf&if ,if;udk udk,fh [mudk,f _yef_yD;zdwfac:&m usaumif;usvmrSm

_zpfw,f oifh taeeJh udk,fh 'D tpGJudk pGefhrSaygh ? tv#if;udk r@Sdawmh bJ[m ? wcsdKh udkqdk&if / t&ifu

oifwef;awGrSmuwnf;u u|efawmfudkifwG,f_yD;_yD/ 'DudpPawGudk u|efawmftukefvkyf_yD;_yD ? tyrSDawGudk

tukefy,f@Sif;ypfvdkuf_yD ?

Þawmufß *dk%f;taeeJh tqifh edrfh rSm usifh &mrSm / Þtmum wpfywfß wdkh / Þ"mwf

vHk;v,f ß wdkh a&m / 'd_yif[m wcsdKh yg _zpfay:vmapatmif tkwf_rpfenf;enf;avmuf csay;oGm;ju&rSm

_zpfw,f ? 'DrSm u|efawmfwdkh u "rRpjumwdkh / tckd; ,÷&m;wdkh / usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&;,÷&m; tvHk; pHkwdkh

udka&m / 'd_yif[mawG trsm;juD;udkyg - aomif;ausmfaewmawGudk oifwdkh udk tukefay;oGm;rSm _zpfw,f/

rsdK;aph awGvdk juJay;oGm;rSm_zpfw,f ? oifwdkh a&m*gawGudk y,f_yD;wJh aemufrSm / u|efawmfu vkyfoifh

vkyfxdkufwmawGudk vkyfoGm;rSm_zpfw,f / ay;oifh ay;xdkufwm rSefor#udk tukefay;oGm;rSm _zpfw,f ?

'grS oifwdkh taeeJh u|efawmfwdkh 'D*dk%f;rSmwu,fwrf; usifh yGm;_znfh qnf;oGm;EdkifrSm_zpfw,f?

Edkh r[kwf&if a&m*guif;a&;-usef;rma&;avmufom_zpfvdkh / oifwdkh udk bmrSay;&musrSm r[kwfzl; ?

bGif;bGif;a_ym&&if / wcsdKh taeeJh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;udk ta&;rxm;&if udk,fvufav;usifhcef;vkyfwmu

rS aumif;OD;r,f?

112

wu,fusifh &if oifh tay: wm0ef,l&r,f ? 'DvlawG ukd,fh [mudk,f usifh vJtvm;wl&

jurSm_zpfw,f ? 'gayr,fh wu,fwrf; usifh olawG _zpfrS&rSm ? 'gawGudk u|efawmfwdkh u wu,fusifh

olawGudk ay;oGm;rSm_zpfw,f ? u|efawmfa_ym_yD;_yD / oifh udk wu,fh udk om;wynfh vdk oabmxm;rS

_zpfr,fvdkh ? _yD;awmh oifh taeeJh tqifh _rifh u w&m;udk ajuajunufnuf aygufaygufa&mufa&muf

avh vmoGm;&r,f ? b,fvdkusifh oGm;&r,fqdkwmudk odae&r,f? usifh uGufig;wGJpvHk;ukdvJwpfwnf;

tukefwwfatmif oif,l&r,f ? aemifoifh taeeJh awmfawmfh udk _rifh wJh tqifh udk a&mufEdkifvdrfh r,f /

oifudk,fh [mudk,fawmif 'davmuf_rifh vdrfh r,frSef; rxifrdwJh tqifh udk a&mufEdkifvdrfh r,f /

r*fzdkvftqifh &zdkh qdkwm_y\em _zpfaep&m@SdrSm r[kwfawmh zl; ? oifh taeeJh om usifh ygav /

'Dw&m;udk u|efawmfu rwlwJh tqifh awGudk aygif;_yD; a[mxm;wmrdkh / aemifoifh taeeJh rwlwJh tqifh

awGrSmusifh vmwJhtcg /oifh tzdkh vrf;!$ef_zpfaerSmcsnf;qkdwmudk awGh vm&vdrfh r,f ?

usifh olwpfa,muftaeeJh 'Duaeh 'Dtcsdefup_yD; oifh b0 vrf;c&D; a_ymif;vmvdrfh r,f ?

u|efawmfh "rRum,u oifh udk topfwpfzef pDpOfay;oGm;rSm_zpfw,f ? b,fvdk pDpOfay;rvJqkdawmh/

wcsdKh qdk&if 'Db0rSm b,fh avmufaeoGm;EdkifOD;rvJ qdkwmeJh ywfoufvdkh olwdkh [m olwdkh vJ

rodju@Smzl; ? wcsdKh qdk&if wpfESpfavmuf us&if_zpfap / ESpf0ufavmuf us&if_zpfap / juD;juD;us,fus,f

zsm;aumif;zsm;vdrfh r,f ? zsm;vdkuf&if ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm cH&aumif;cH&vdrfh r,f ? wcsdKh qdk&ifvJ OD;aESmuf

aoG;ajumqdkh a&m*g _zpfap-'d_yifa&m*g_zpfap &aumif;&juvdrfh r,f ? tv#if;udk v+yfvdkh &csifrS&awmh

rSm ? 'Dvdkqdk&if / a@Sh vmrJh b0c&D;rSm b,fh ES,fvkyf usifh oGm;rvJ ? 'Dawmh 'DvdkudpPrsdK;awG r_zpf&av

atmif / u|efawmfwdkh u oifwdkh udk pifju,fatmif vkyfay;oGm;&r,f ? 'gayr,fh wu,fusifh olwdkh

udkom ckvdkvkyfay;oGm;EdkifrSm _zpfajumif; ? omrefvlawGudk aygh aygh wefwef vkyfay;vdkh _zpfrSmr[kwf

ajumif; ? raumif;wm vkyf&musrSm _zpfajumif;udk u|efawmfwdkh u @Sif;@Sif;a_ymxm;yg&ap ? arG;-tdk-

em-ao qdkwJh omrefvlawGjum;u udpPawG[m olh tajumif;quf-tusKd;qufeJh csnf; _zpfwmrdkh / aygh

aygh wefwef oGm;zsufqD;vdkh &wmrsKd;r[kwfzl;?

usifh yGm;tm;xkwfolwdkh udk u|efawmfwdkh u tbdk;txdkufwefqHk;t_zpf oabmxm;ju

w,f / 'gh ajumifh usifh olwdkh udkom vkyfay;EdkifrSm _zpfw,f ? b,fvdkvkyfrvJ qkdawmh/ q&mocifh tae

eJh bkef;wefcdk; tifrwefh udk juD;r,fqdk&if / wenf;qdkawmh q&mocifh pGrf;tm; tifrwefudk

xufr,fqdk&if / oifh 0ãfajuG;uHajuG;awGudk azsmufzsufay;EdkifrSm_zpfw,f ? q&mocifh pGrf;tm;xuf&if

rsm;rsm;azsmuf zsufay;EdkifrSm_zpf_yD; / pGrf;tm;nHh &if enf;enf;avmufom azsmufzsufay;EdkifrSm_zpfw,f ?

113

qdkygpdkh ? oifh b0 c&D;wpfav#mufu 0ãfajuG;uHajuG;awGudk tukefpkaygif;ypfvdkuf_yD; / wcsdKh wavudk

_zpfap / wpf0ufavmufudk _zpfap / azsmufzsufypfvdkuf_yD qdkygawmh ? usefwJh wpf0ufavmufudkvJ

oifausmfEdkifrSm r[kwfzl; ? awmifjuD;xufawmif _rifh aeOD;rSmudk; ? b,fh ES,fvkyfy ? oiftaeeJhw&m;

awmf&if0,fydkufrdvmwJh tcgus&if / tusdK;cHpm;&rJh olawG enf;rSm r[kwfzl; / 'Dawmh vlrsm;pGmwdkh [m

oifh 0ãfajuG;uHajuG;awGudk wpfpdwfwpfydkif;avmuf 0ifcHvmjurSm_zpfw,f ? rSefw,f / olwdkh tzdkh awmh

bmrSa_ymyavmufwmr[kwfzl;aygh ? oifh taeeJhuqdk&ifvJ / usifh &if;aygufyGm;vmwJh ouf@SdawGqdk

wm enf;wmr[kwfzl; ? _yD;awmh oifh taeeJh y"me rlvewfwkdh / omrn rlvewfwdkh t_yif

'd_yifoifawGqkdwmvJ enf;rSmr[kwfvdkh / oifh tpm; 0ãfajuG; wpfpdwfwpfydkif;avmuf 0ifcHvmju

rSm_zpfw,f ? oifh taeeJh ab;'k=awGausmfwJh tcg b,fh avmufrS usefrSmr[kwfawmh zl; ? b,fh

avmufrS usefrSm r[kwfzl;awmh qdkayrJh / awmfawmfh udk juD;ao;vdkh / oifausmf EdkifOD;rSm r[kwfzl; ?

b,fh ES,fvkyfrvJ ? ,if;wdkh udk tpdwftydkif;uav;awG ra&rwGufEkdifavmufatmif cGJ_yD; / oifh usifh

yGm;a&; tqifh toD;oD;rSm csay;oGm;rSm_zpfw,f ? oifh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; wufvmapatmif / oifh

0ãfajuG;uHajuG;awG t_zpful;a_ymif;vmapatmif / oifh pGrf;tifawG yGm;vmapatmif pGrf;aqmif&m

rSm ,if;wdkh udk toHk;csoGm;&rSmudk; ?

@Sdao;w,f ? vlwpfa,muf usifh r,fqdkwm vG,fwmrSwfvdkh ? u|efawmfa_ym_yD;_yD /

tifrwdtifrwef cefhxnf av;eufvSwJh udpP_zpfw,f ? _yD;awmh omrefvGef udpPvJ_zpfvdkh /

omrefvlawmxJu b,fvdkudpPrsdK;xufrqdk ydkcufw,f ? 'Dawmh omrefvGef r[kwfygvm; ? 'gh ajumifh

omrefvlawGjum;u b,fvdkudpPrsdK;xufrqdk oifh tay: awmif;qdkr+ _rifh &rSm_zpfw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh

vlqdkwm rlvewf @Sdjuw,f ? rlvewfqdkwm ysufokef;_cif;r@Sdzl; ? wu,fvdkh rlvewf[m

ysufokef;_cif;r@Sdqdk&if / pOf;pm;junfh juprf; yg ? oifwdkh rlvewftaeeJh twdwfb0u vlawmxJrSm

ae&if;xdkif&if; / trSm;awG usL;vGefrdaumif; usL;vGefrdvdrfh r,f ? toufowf_cif; / wpfwpfckck

tajuG;wif_cif ; / olrsm;udk tEdkifusifh rd_cif; / '%f&mtem w& _zpfapatmifvkyfrd_cif; ponfwdkh udk

vkyfrdp&m @Sdwmaygh ? wpfu,fvdkh 'Dtwdkif;_zpfcJhaomf / oifu 'DbufrSm usifh ae_yD ? olu [dk bufuae

twdkif;om; _rifae&_yD ? oifa&m*guif;a&;-usef;rma&;avmuf vkyfwmrsKd;udk olu ta&; rvkyfzl; ?

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ydk_yD;awmif rsm;rsm;qyf&r,fqdkwm olodw,f ? 'gajumifh oiftcdkuftwefh tm;_zifh rqyfyJaewmudk

olu ta&;rvkyfzl; ?

114

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usifh awmh r,f ? oGm;awmh r,f ? eif pGrf;tifwufvm&if / 'dkh eifh udk vufvSrf;rSDrSmawmif r[kwfawmh zl;

/ vufzsm;eJh awmifwdkh vdkh &rSm r[kwfawmh zl; ß qdk_yD; / trsdK;rsdK; qD;ju-wm;ju ygava&m ? enf;rsKd;pHkeJh

aESmifh ,Sufjuygava&m / 'gwif b,furvJ / owfawmifypfOD;rSm ? rSefw,f / oif'DrSm

w&m;xdkif&if;wef;vef;eJh acgif;_ywfoGm;a&mqdkwmrsdK;uawmh b,f_zpfEdkifrvJ ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh

omrefvlwdkh&Jh vlh tzGJh tpnf; ta_ctaeeJh udkuf&rSmudk; ? vrf;xGufwJh tcg um;wdkufcH&wmrsdK;wdkh ?

wdkufay:uus&wmrsdK;wdkh eJh juHKaumif; juHK&vdrfh r,f ? 'grSr[kwfvJ 'd_yift÷&m,fawGeJh

&ifqdkifwdk;aumif;wdk;&rSmrdkh / tifrwefh udk t÷&m,f rsm;vSwm ? wu,fwrf; usifh wJh tcg oifwdkh

xifoavmuf vG,fwmr[kwfzl; ? oifusihf csifw,f qdk@HkeJh usifh vdkh wufoGm;a&mwJh vm; ?

oifwu,fwrf; usifh awmh r,fqdk&if / touft÷&m,f csufcsif; yufyif;&ifqdkifvm&ygava&m /

tckvdk _y\emrsdK;eJh csufcsif;pyfE$,f vm&ygava&m ? tcdk;usifh pOfq&mrsm;pGmwdkh [m wynfh vkyfoludk

tqifh _rifhqD oifray;0hhH juzl; ? bm_yKvdkh vJ / 'DudpPrsdK;udk olvkyfrS rvkyfEdkifyJudk; ? oifh udk ol

tumtuG,fray;EdkifyJudk; ?

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ra&rwGuf Ed ki favmufatmif @S daevdk h _zpfw,f ? olwd k h vJ u|efawmf h vd kyJ wefcd k ;â'< dyg'f

tifrwefjuD;wmrdkh / aumif; aumif;wefcdk; _yEdkifjuw,f / "rRpGrf;yum; aumif;aumif;_yEdkifjuw,f ?

_yD;awmh u|efawmfwdk h 'Daeh vkyfae wJh 'DudpPqdk&ifvJ / u|efawmfwdk h tay:,Hu _rifae&ovdk

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t u m t u G , f a y ; a e w m / b m q d k - b m t ÷ & m , f r S a y : r S m r [ k w f z l ; r S w f y g /

115

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oifh udk wu,ft÷&m,f _zpfaprSmvJ r[kwfzl; ? u|efawmfOyrmwcsdKh a_ym_yr,f ? u|efawmf yDuif;rSm

oifwef;ay;wkef;u / toufig;q,fausmft@G,f trsdK;orD; oifom;wpfa,muf pufbD;pD;&if; vrf;ul;

wJh tcg / vrf;c|efwpfauGh rSm ZdrfcHum;uav;wpfpD;u olh udkwdkufrda&m ? um;u awmfawmfh udk t@Sdef

_yif;wm / Þ'Hk; ß ueJqdk um;trdk;eJh olh acgif;wdkufrdwm ? tJ'DtcgrSm olh a_cwpfzufu pufbD;rSm cG&uf

a_ceif; ay:rSmyJ @Sdaewkef; ? acgif;udk um;wdkufrdayr,fh remzl; ? emvJrem / aoG;vJ rxGufzl; / tzkvJ

rxzl; ? um;orm;crsm vefh oGm;wmaygh ? uysmu&m um;ay:u qif;_yD; / b,fwdkufrdoGm;ovJ ?

aq;@HkoGm; jupdkh vdkh qdkw,f ? oluawmh udpPr@Sdygzl;vdkh a_ymvdkufwmaygh ? rSefw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh

'Doifom;[m pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; tifrwef_rifh olyDyD / olrsm;udk b,f'k=ay;aervJ ? udpPr@Sdygzl;vdkh om

qdkw,f ? um;trdk;uawmh awmfawmfh udk csdKifh 0ifoGm;wm txif;om; awGh ae&w,f ?

'grsdK;awGqdkwm toufudk vm,ljuwmawGcsnf;_zpfw,f ? 'gayr,fvdkh t÷&m,fawmh

_zpf rSm r[kwfzl; ? u|efawmfwdkh junfvifwuUodkvfrSm oifwef;ay;wkef;uvJ / oifwef;om;

wpfa,muf [m wuUodkvfwHcg;rjuD;uae pufbD;wGef;&if; vrf;ay:xGufoGm;wm / vrf;vnfacgifvJ

a&mufa&m / @kwfw&ufqdkovdk um;uav;ESpfpD;u olh udk w_ydKifwnf; wdkufrdawmh rwwf _zpf&w,f ?

olu tv,frSm nyfrdrwwf _zpfae&ygava&m ? 'gayr,fh oluawmh enf;enf;rSudk ajumuf&rSef;

rodzl; ? u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh tJ'Dvdk udpPrsdK;eJh juHK&wJh tcg rsKd;rSm ajumuf&rSef; rodjuzl; ? tJ'Dw'*F

uav;rSmbJ um;ESpfpD;pvHk; &yfoGm;a&m / bmrS r_zpfzl; ?

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oluawmh owdrxm;rdzl; / acgif;iHkh _yD; a@Sh qufeif;aewkef; ? *spfum;u @kwfw&ufqdkovdk aemuf_yef

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om rSwfayawmh ? wdkufrdawmh rJh qJqJuav;rSm / @kwfw&ufqdkovdk tiftm;wpf&yfu olh pufbD;udk

rDwm0ufomomavmuf aemufudk _yefqGJvdkufw,f ? *spfum;uvJ olh a@Sh bD;eJh xd_yD; @kwfw&uf

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116

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_idrfcsufom; aumif;aewm awGh &w,f ? Þ igh udk q&mocif apmifraewmudk; ß qkdwm csufcsif;

em;vnfoGm;a&m ?

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av;rDwm@SnfwJh oHydkufvHk;awG ? tJ'Doifom; olh tdrfu xGufvmwm odyfra0;ao;zl; ? oHydkufvHk;

wpfacsmif; wdkufay:u apmufxdk;usvma&m / olh acgif;ay:udk wnfh wnfh juD; xdk;usvmygava&m ?

vrf;ay:u vlawGawmif vefh ukefa&m ? oluawmh Þ igh udk b,fvl ykwfovJ ß wJh ? wpfa,muf

a,mufu olh acgif;udk ykwfvdkufw,fvdkh xifaewmudk; ? tJ'Dtcdkuf armh junfh vdkufwJh tcg / acgif;ay:

rSm "rRpjumjuD;wpfck vnfaewmawGh &w,f ? oH_yGefacsmif;juD;[m olh acgif;ay:uae av#mus_yD;

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'davmufav; wJh [mjuD;[m / wu,fh udkrsm; udk,fay:udkom pdkufusvdkuf&if pOf;pm;vdkhom

junhfjuaywmh / wu,fhudk ig;qkyfvHk; oDvdkufovdk xkwfcsif; ayguf_yDom rSwfayawmh / t÷&m,f

juD;vSaypG ?

'DvdkudpPrsdK;awGqdkwm rsm;vdkuforS a_ymvdkhawmif ukefrSmr[kwfzl; ? 'gayr,fh t÷&m,f

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om juHK&rSm ? juHK&onf_zpfap-rjuHK&onf _zpfap / t÷&m,f_zpfrSm r[kwfwmuawmh pdwfcs ? 'D

tcsufudk u|efawmf tmr0÷m cHEdkifw,f ? oifom;wcsdKh [m pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; awmif;qdkcsuftwdkif;

rvkyfjuzl; / usifh uGufavmufom vkyf_yD; / pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; rusifh juzl; ? olwdkh udk usifh yGm;tm;

xkwfol pm&if;xJ oGif;vkdhr_zpfzl; ?

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wmaygh ? u|efawmfh "rRum,uwdkh u oifwdkh taeeJh udk,fh udkudk,f umuG,fEdkifvmwJh txd apmifh

a@SmufoGm;rSm_zpfw,f ? tJ[dktcgus&if oifwdkh [m avmuDwGif;usifh yGm;a&;udk ausmfvGefjuawmh

rSm_zpfw,f ? w&m;awmf &if0,fydkufrd juawmh rSm _zpfw,f ? 'gayr,fh oifwdkh taeeJh udk,fh udkudk,f

wu,fh usifh yGm;olt_zpf oabmxm;ygrSom ckvdk _zpfEdkifrSm_zpfw,f ? vlwpfa,mufuqdk&if

117

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uGß qdk_yD; vrf;ay:rSm av#mufatmfw,f ? 'gw&m;awmfudk zsufwm_zpfw,f / 'DvdkvlrsdK;udk apmifrrSm

r[kwfzl; ? pifppf wu,fwrf;usifh wJh om; wynfh wdkh taeeJh ckvdkvkyfjurSm r[kwfzl; ?

pGrf;tifcGif

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wcsdKh uqdkjuw,f / tcdk;cGif / oHvdkufcGif / v#yfppfcGifwJh ? pifppf bmcGifvdkh ac:aeae vGJwmcsnf;yJ ?

bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh / ckvdkcGifxJrSmtusKH;0ifwJh @kyf0wÔKawG[m tifrwefh udkjuG,f0vSvGef;vdkh _zpfw,f?

u|efawmfwdkh pjum0Vmu [if;vif;_yifrSefor#udk _zpfwnfapwJh &kyf0wÔKtm;vHk;vdkvdkudk / 'Dusifh yGm;

pGrf;tifxJrSm awGh &Edkifw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh u pGrf;tifcGifvdkh ac:wmurS ydkqDavsmfOD;r,f ? 'gajumihf

u|efawmfwdkh u a,bl,stm;_zifh pGrf;tifcGifvdkh ac:juw,f ?

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w&m;rSef usifh olwdkh taeeJh ckvdkcHpm;r+ @Sdjuvdrfh r,f ? w&m;ppf w&m;rSefusifh wmqdkawmh /

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tawG;tac:xJrSm raumif;wJh tm@HkawG r@Sdjuzl; ? _yD;awmh u|efawmfwdkh oifom;rsm;pGmwdkh [m /

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u|efawmfwdkh usifh ol trsm;wumh trsm;pkwdkh [m / pGrf;tif@SdaejurSm _zpfw,f / wu,fh udk

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w&m;rSefusifh a&;awGudk; ? oifwdkh taeeJh uvJ 'Dpdwf&nfpdwfaoG;pHtwdkif; vdkufusifh jurSm _zpfwmudk; ?

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&Jh pGrf;tif awGvJ wpfpwpfp tm;aumif;onfxuf tm;aumif;vmrSm_zpfw,f ?

118

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v$wfrSm_zpfvdkh / wyg;olwdkh udk tusdK;cHpm;&aprSm _zpfw,f ? 'Dawmh oifh pGrf;tifcGiftwGif; usa&mufae

juolrSefor# tukefcHpm;ju&rSmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? olwdkh taeeJh ae&xdkif& aumif;vdkufwmvdkh cHpm;rd

aumif;cHpm;rdjuvdrfh r,f ? oifh taeeJh vrf;ay:rSm _zpf_zpf / õmerSm _zpf_zpf / tdrfrSm _zpf_zpf / tJ'Dvdk

tusdK;oGm;rsKd;ay:EdkifrSm csnf;_zpfw,f ? oifh cGiftwGif; usa&mufaeoludk cE<moÑm, _zpfapatmif oif

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rrSefuefwJh t_zpfrsdK; usa&muf&wm ? 'Dawmh ckvdkrrSefuefwJh t_zpfudk ,if;u _yifay;Edkifwmaygh ?

raumif;wJh tawG;tac:@SdoltaeeJh rrSefwm juHaewJh tcgrsdK;rSm / oifh cGif&Jh _yif;xefwJh

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119

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utenf;qHk; / ay;wmawGuawmh trsm;qHk;aygh ? u|efawmfwdkh u wu,fh udk tqifh _rifh udk

wGJac:wm_zpfw,f ? 'geJh ywfoufvdkh trsm;wumwdkh taeeJh cHpm;r+ @SdjurSm_zpfw,f ?

"rRpjumw&m;awmfoifom;wdkh taeeJh olrsm;udk oifay;wJh tcg / oifh tay: awmif;qdkcsufESpf&yf @Sd

w,f ?

yõrtcsufu p&dwfpcodrf;vdkhr_zpfzl; ? oifwdkh udk u|efawmfwdkh u 'davmuftrsm;juD;

ay;xm;wm [m oifwdkh udk juD;yGm;csrf;omapcsifvdkh r[kwfzl; / ausmfaZmudwWd _zpfapcsifvdkh r[kwfzl; ?

oifwdkh udk tu|wfw&m; &apcsifvdkh _zpfw,f ? usifh yGm;tm;xkwfapcsifvdkh _zpfw,f ? wu,fvdkh oifwdkh

p&dwfpc odrf;&if / u|efawmfh "rRum,u oifh qDu[mawGudk tukef_yefodrf;rSm_zpfw,f ? 'Dawmh

oif[m u|efawmfwdkh "rRpjumw&m;awmf usifh ol[kwfawmh rSm r[kwfzl; ? oif_zefh csDwmawG[mvJ

u|efawmf wdkh "rRpjumw&m;awmf [kwfawmh rSm r[kwfzl; ? oifwdkh olrsm;udk _yay;juwJh tcg / apwemh

0efxrf; tusdK;aqmifwmrsdK; _zpf&r,f ? udk,fh taeeJh emrnf&zdkh / tusdK;t_rwf&zdkh r_zpfap&zl; ?

u|efawmfwdkh t_rdKh _rdKh te,fe,fu oifom;rsm;[m tJ'Dvdk vkyfjuwmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? te,fe,f

t&yf&yfu yHhydk; olwdkh uqdk&ifvJ udk,fwdkifudk,fus pH_y vkyf_yjuwmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh usifh

pOfudk oif,lcsifolrSef&if vmomoifju / u|efawmfwdkh u oifwdkh tay: wm0ef,lrSm_zpfw,f ? ydkufqH

wpf_ym;wpfcsyfrS odrf;rSm r[kwfzl; ?

'kwd,tcsufuawmh / ykívdu[mrsKd;awGudk w&m;awmfjuD;xJ a&mrxnfh vdkufyg

aveJh? usifh pOfudk _yay;&mrSm / u|efawmfwdkh "rRpjumw&m;awmfjuD;eJhywfoufvdkh / oifh taeeJh

'dAýp=KyGifh -yGifh / bm_rif&-_rif& / bmpGrf;tifyJ ay:vmvm / oif _rif&wmuav;awGudk rlwnf_yD;

av#mufa_ymwmrsKd;vkyfvdkh r_zpfzl; ? oifh taeeJh oifh tqifh rSm _rif&wmuav;awG[m / u|efawmfwdkh

a[mwJh w&m;awmf&Jh wu,fh teuft"dÑm,feJh pmvdkuf&if / tifrwefh udk uGmvSrf;vSwm ? 'gh ajumifh

olrsm;awGudk _yay;wJh tcg / 'Dtcsufudk juyfjuyfowdcsyfygav ? 'grSom u|efawmfwdkh

"rRpjumw&m;awmfjuD;&Jh @Sd&if;pGJ[mawG yHkrysufyef;rysuf wnf_rJoGm;EdkifrSm _zpfw,f ?

u|efawmfh ckvdk yHkrsdK;eJh vJoifay;ydkifcGifh r@Sdzl; ? u|efawmfh ckvdk a[ma_ymyGJjuD;vdk yHkrsdK;eJh

w&m;a[mwmrsdK;vJ a@Smif&r,f / oifw&m;a[mEdkif&nf r@Sdzl; ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh / u|efawmf

120

a[ma_ymwmawGu t"dÑm,f tifrwef av;eufvSwm / t"Gefh&SnfrSmvJ_zpfwm / tqifh _rifh

u[mawGeJh aygif;pyf_yD; a[ma_ymaewmawG _zpfw,f ? oifwdkh u rwlwJh tqifh awGrSm usifh

aejuwm _zpfw,f ? aemifoifh taeeJh tqifh _rifh vm wJh tcg / 'DjudK;acGudk _yefem;axmifjunfh /

oiftqifh _rifh vdkh-_rifh vdkh om vmrSm_zpfw,f ? em;axmif _yD;&if;om em;axmifoGm;ygav / cHpm;r+

topfawG-tusdK;aus;Zl; topfawG&vdkh -&vdkh omvmrSm _zpf w,f ? 'Dpmtkyfudk junfh &if om_yD;awmh

awmif 'Dtwdkif;udk _zpf&rSm_zpfw,f ? 'Dpum;awGudk u|efawmfu tifrwef xGãf_rwfeufeJwJh t&mawGeJh

aygif;pyf_yD; a_ymaewm_zpfw,f ? 'gajumifh rdkh vdkh 'Dw&m;udk oifa[mEdkif&nfr@Sdzl; ? u|efawmfh

pum;&if;awGudk oifh pum;t_zpf a_ymydkifcGifh r@Sdzl; ? Edkh r[kwf&if w&m;cdk;&m usvdrfh r,f ? oifh taeeJh

u|efawmfh pum;&if;awGudk rlrysuf ,loHk;vdkh &w,f ? Þq&mu awmh 'Dvdka_ymwmyJ ?

pmtkyfxJrSmuawmh 'Dvdka&;wmyJ ß qdk_yD; @Sif;_yvdkh &w,f ? oifh taeeJh u 'D wpfenf;yJ @Sdw,f ?

bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh / oifckvdka_ymwJh tcg w&m;awmfjuD;&Jh pGrf;yum; ygaerSmrdkh vdkh _zpfw,f ?

oifodwmawGudk "rRpjumw&m;awmfjuD;t_zpf a_ymvdkh r_zpfzl; ? Edkh r[kwf&if oif_zefh csDae wmawG[m

"rRpjumw&m;awmf [kwfrSmr[kwfawmh zl; ? u|efawmfwdkh "rRpjumw&m;awmfudk oif zsufqD;&m

usvdrfh r,f ? oifuoifh awG;yHkawG;enf;twdkif; - oifh tawG;t_riftwdkif; av#mufa_ymae &if /

w&m;[kwfrSmr[kwfzl; / vlawGudk tu|wfw&m; &EdkifaprSm r[kwfzl; ? bmrSvJ tusdK;oufa&mufr+

@SdrSmr[kwfzl; ? 'gajumifh rdkh vdkh 'Dw&m;udk b,folrS a[mydkif&nf r@Sdzl; ?

oifwdkh usifh pOf _zefh csD&mrSm / avh usifh ae&mrSm _zpfap / usifh pOf_zefh csDa&;ae&mõmerSm

_zpfap / oifom;awGudk toHoGif; judK;acGwdkh / AGD'D,dkjudK;acGwdkh zGifh _yEdkifw,f ? _yD;rS yHhydk;olwdkh u usifh

uGufawG oifay;Edkifjuw,f ? ESD;aESmyGJ yHkpHrsdK;eJh tcsif;csif; aqG;aEG;ESD;aESm zvS,fEdkifjuw,f ?

u|efawmfwdkh u tJ'Dvdk _zpfapcsifw,f ? _yD;awmh "rRpjumw&m;awmf _zefh csDa&;wm0ef,lxm;juwJh oif

om;(om;wynfh ) awGudk q&mvdkh _zpfap / q&mjuD;vdkh _zpfap rac:&zl; ? w&m;awmfjuD;&Jh q&mocif

qdkvdkh wpfa,mufyJ@Sdw,f ? oifom;rSefor# / apmonf_zpfap-aESmif;onf_zpfap / om;wynfh awGcsnf;

_zpfw,f ?

olrsm;awGudk _yay;&mrSm / wcsdKh u awG;aumif;awG;juvdrfh r,f ? Þq&mocifuawmh

"rRpjum csay;Edkifw,f / cE<moÑ,_zpfapatmif vkyfay;Edkifw,f ? 'dkh uawmh rvkyfEdkifzl; ß vdkh ?

udpPr@Sdzl; ? u|efawmfa_ym_yD;_yD ? oifom;wdkif;&Jh aemufrSm u|efawmfh "rRum,awG

@Sdaejuwmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? wpfa,mufawmifuwm r[kwfzl; ? 'gajumihf rdkh vdkh 'DudpPawGudk u|efawmfh

121

"rRum,u vkyfvdrfh r,f ? oif_yay;wJh tcg wu,fvdkh yõmef;qufyg&if ae&mrSmyJ "rRpjum&vdrfh r,f?

wu,fvdkh yõmef;quf enf;enf;vdkr,fqdk&if / cE<moÑm,_zpfapatmifvkyfay;_yD;wJh tcg / usifh pOfusifh

vmwJh tcg / w_znf;_znf; &vm EdkifrSm_zpfw,f ? u|efawmfh "rRum,u olh udkul_yD;

cE<moyÑm,_zpfapatmif vkyfay;vdrfh r,f ? 'gawGwifru ao;zl; ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f ? u|efawmfh

pmtkyfawGudk junfh &if; / u|efawmfh AGD'D,dkjudK;acGawGudk junfh &if; / u|efawmfh toHoGif;judK;acGawGudk

em;axmif&if; / w&m;avh vmju / usifh uGufusifh ju / udk,fh udkudk,fusifh olt_zpf wu,fwrf;

oabmxm;Edkifjur,f qdk&if / &oifh &xdkufwmawGudk tvm;wl &jurSm_zpfw,f ?

oifom;awGtaeeJh olrsm;awGudk a&m*gukay;cGifh r@Sdzl; ? "rRpjumw&m;awmfoifom;

rsm;taeeJh olrsm;awGudk tv#if;udk a&m*gukay;vdkhr_zpfzl; ? u|efawmfwdkh u oifh udk tqifh _rifh

qDwufvSrf;a&;udk oifay;aewm _zpfw,f / b,fvdk Oyg'gefrsdK;rS tpGJcHrSm r[kwfzl; ? oifhtaeeJh udk,fh

cE<mudk ysuf,Gif;apatif vkyfwmrsKd;udkvJ u|efawmfwdkhu junfh aerSm r[kwfzl; ? u|efawmfwdkh usifh

cGif[m 'd_yif b,fusifhpOf wdkh&Jh usifh cGif xufrqdk omw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh cGifudk oif oGm;_yD;awmh om

usifh ygav ? oifa&m*g tukcHwmxuf tyHkjuD;omawmh raygh ? u|efawmfh "rRum, awGu

0dkif;juD;ywfywf xdkifaejurSm_zpfw,f ? usifh cGiftay:rSm tkyfaqmif;vJ@Sdw,f ? ,if;tay:rSm "rR

pjumjuD; @Sdw,f ? "rRum,juD;u tkyfaqmif;ay:uae apmifh a@Smufaew,f ? 'DcGif[m omrefcGifrsdK;

r[kwfzl; / olvdkigvdk[mrsKd;_zpfwJh usifhcGifvdk[mrsKd; r[kwfzl; ? usifh yGm;tm;xkwfwJh cGifrsdK;_zpfw,f ?

u|efawmfwdkh pGrf;tif@Sdjuolrsm;pGmwdkh [m u|efawmfwdkh "rRpjumw&m;awmfjuD;&Jh 'DcGifudk awGh zl;_rifzl;ju

w,f / wpfcGifvHk; wpf_yifvHk;a&mifeDoef; / a&mifeDv$rf;ae_yD; / zdwfzdwfv#H-v#rf;v#rf;awmufaewmyJ

wJh?

u|efawmfh "rRum,uvJ "rRpjum wdkuf@dkufcsay;Edkifw,f ? 'gayr,fh u|efawmfwdkh u

pGJvrf;pdwfudk tm;ray;csifzl; ? olh udk oifusifh uGuf oifay;aewkef; / olu Þtvdkav; ? usKyf

"rRpjum&_yD ß vdkh a_ymaumif;a_ymvmvdrfh r,f ? Þ 'g igcsay;vdkufwmyJ ß vdkh oifxifaumif;xifvdrfh

r,f ? r[kwfzl; ? u|efawmfh "rRum,u vkyfwmawGcsnf;_zpfw,f ? oifwdkh taeeJh Oyg'gef ryGm;juapzdkh

u|efawmfa_ymxm;yg&ap ? u|efawmfwdkh "rRpjumw&m;awmf om;wynfh wdkh taeeJh ckvdk _yay;ju&if

_yD;a&m ?

tjuifoltaeeJh "rRpjum w&m;awmf uusifh uGufawGudk t&rf;av#muf_yifbdkh juH&if /

w&m;awmfudk zsufqD;&musrSm_zpfw,f ? 'D*dk%f;udk zsufqD;&musrSm_zpfw,f ? wcsdKh u usifhuGuf

122

vrf; !$efawGudk oHcsyf qefqef _yifypfjuw,f / 'grsdK;udk t@Sif;cGifh r_yKEdkifzl; ? wu,fh usifh yGm;

tm;xkwf enf;qdkwm ordkif;rwifrD umvuwnf;uae oufqif;vmcJh wm_zpfw,f / ESpfy&dað'

jumanmif; vSpGmuwnf;uae oufqif;vmcJh wm_zpfw,f ? 'DtawmtwGif;rSm usifh juHaygufa_rmuf

ukefjuwJh Om%fawmf@SifjuD;awGqdkwm a&wGufvdkh &EdkifwmrSwfvdkh ? 'gudkb,folurS rxd0Hh rwdkh 0Hh juzl; ?

'gvJ u|efawmfwdkh 'D"rRtqHk;umvusrS ay:vmwJh udpPrsdK;_zpfw,f ? ordkif;wpfav#mufvHk;

b,fwkef;urS ray:cJh zl; ? 'Dtcsufudk juyfjuyfowdcsyfjuapvdkw,f ?

pwkwÔ ydkh cscsuf

qHk;@H+;_cif;eJh &@Sd_cif;

qHk;@H+;_cif;eJh &@Sd_cif;wdkh &Jh qufEG,fr+eJh ywfoufvdkh usifh yGm;a&;avmurSma&m / omrefvl

wdkh jum;rSmyg a_ymavh @Sdjuw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh usifh olrsm;taeeJh qHk;@H+;_cif;eJh &@Sd_cif;wdkh tay: b,fvdk

oabmxm;jurvJ ? omrefvlawGeJh awmh b,fwlygh rvJ ? omrefvlawG vdkcsifjuwmuawmh /

udkf,fusKd;wdkh / aumif;aumif; aeEdkifpm;Edkifa&;wdkh Zdrf@Sd@Sd aeEdkifa&;wdkh aygh ? u|efawmfwdkh usifh olawGus

awmh b,f'Dvdk[kwfrvJ ? a_ymif;_yefaygh ? omrefvlawG vdkcsifaewmawGudk u|efawmfwdkh rrufzl; ?

u|efawmfwdkh &aewmawGusawmh / omrefvlawGtaeeJh vdkcsifwJh wdkifatmifvJ &rSmr[kwfwmawGcsnf;

_zpfw,f ? usifhyGm;tm;xkwfygrSom &EdkifrSm/

a,bl,stm;_zifh u|efawmfwdkh a_ymjuwJh qHk;@H+;_cif;qdkwm[mvJ / twdkfif;twmao;

ao;uav;xJu qHk;@H+;_cif;wdkh udk qdkvdkwm r[kwfzl; ? qHk;@H+;_cif;eJh ywfoufvdkh a_ymvm&if / wcsdKh u

ypPnf;OpPm enf;enf;yg;yg; vSLwef;wmrsdK;vm; ? tcuftcJ@Sdolwdkh udk enf;enf;yg;yg; ulwmrsdK;vm; ?

vrf;ay:u olawmif;pm;udkenf;enf;yg;yg; pGefh juJwmrsdK;vm;vdkh xifaumif;xifaejuvdrfh r,f ? 'gvJ

pGefh _cif;wpfrsdK; aygh ? qHk;@H+;_cif; wpfrsdK;aygh ? 'gayr,fvdkh 'g[m 'D_y\emeJh ywfoufvdkh aiGaju;wdkh tay:

/ @kyf0wÔKwdkh tay: cyfaygh aygh oabmxm;wmrsdK;avmufom_zpfw,f ? ypPnf;OpPmwdkh udk pGefh

v$wf_cif;[mvJ / rSefw,f / qHk;@H+;_cif;bufwpfck _zpfw,f ? Ed+if;pm_cif;tm;_zifh t"duuswJh buf wpfck

_zpfw,f ? 'gayrJh u|efawmfwdkh a_ymaejuwJh qHk;@H+;_cif;qdkwmu ckavmuftwdkif;twmuav;udkwif

123

a_ymaewm r[kwfzl; ? usifh yGm;tm;xkwf&mrSm / u|efawmfwdkh usifh olrsm;taeeJh pGefh y,f&rJh pdwfawG

uawmh enf; wm r[kwfzl; ? ay:vGifvdkpdwfwdkh / remvdkpdwfwdkh / t_ydKiftqdkif vkyfcsifpdwfwdkh /

yDwdtpGJwdkh / taxGaxG t_ym;_ym; aom Oyg'gefwdkh udk pGefh ypfoGm;&rSm _zpfw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh a_ymwJh

qHk;@H+;r+qdkwmu tus,foabm _zpfw,f ? usifh juHa&; _zpfpOfwpfav#mufvHk;rSm / omrefvlwdkh &Jh

tpGJtvrf;trsdK;rsdK; / vdkcsifwyfrufpdwf tzHkzHkwdkh tukeftpif qHk;@H+;ukefoifh w,f ?

usKyfwdkh u omrefvlawmxJrSm usifh aejuwm _zpfavawmh / tukefqHk;yg;ukef&if /

bkef;juD;awG r,foDv&ifawGeJh bmrsm;xl;OD;rSmvJvdkh wcsdKh uxifaumif;xifjuvdrfh r,f ? tukefqHk;yg;

ukefapzdkh qdkwmu r_zpfEdkifovdkyJ ? u|efawmfwdkh 'Dusifh pOfu omrefvlawmxJrSm usifh aejuolwdkh tae

eJh / omrefvlwdkh&Jh vlh tzGJh tpnf;xJrSmyJ usifh oGm;ju&rSm_zpfw,f ? omrefvlawGeJh twwfEdkifqHk;

eD;pyfatmif aeju&rSm_zpfw,f / @kyf0wÔKtusKd; t& wu,fh udk wckck qHk;@H+;apwm r[kwfzl; ?

oifhtaeeJh &mxl;õme÷& b,fh avmufjuD; aeae / ypPnf;OpPm b,fh avmufcsrf;omaeae / bmrS

ta&;juD;wmr[kwfzl; ? tpGJtvrf;awGudk pGefh Edkif rpGefh Edkif qdkwmurS aomh csuf_zpfwm ?

u|efawmfwdkh 'Dusifh pOfu vlh pdwfudk wdkuf@dkufOD;wnfusifh aewmrdkh / udk,fusdK;eJh

ywfoufvm wJh tcgrsm;rSm _zpfap / wpfa,mufeJh wpfa,mufjum; yãdy= ay:vmwJh tcgrsm;rSm

_zpfap / aygh atmif-yg;atmif oabmxm;Edkif rxm;Edkif / qdkwmutc&m_zpfw,f ? ausmif;wdkufawGrSm

awmjuD; awmifjuD;awGrSm usifh yHkusifh enf;u / omrefvlwdkh &Jh vlh tzGJhtpnf;eJh vHk;vHk;tquf_ywfapzdkh /

omrefvlawm xJu pdwfudk rqHk;,qHk;atmif vkyfzdkh / @kyf0wÔKtusdK;awG r&apatmif -'DvdkeJh qHk;@H+;

ukef&apatmifvkyfzdkh _zpfw,f ? omrefvlawmxJrSm usifh olawGusawmh 'DyHkpHrsdK;r[kwfzl; ?

omrefvlawG aeyHkxdkifyHktwdkif;ae &if; / vlh pdwfawG yg;onfxufyg;vmatmif aygh aygh

oabmxm;oGm;ju&rSm _zpfw,f ? rSefw,f / 'Dvdk vkyf&wm odyfcufwm ? 'gvJ u|efawmfwdkh usifh pOfu

tc&mtus qHk;[m _zpfw,f ? 'gajumifh rdkh vdkh u|efawmf wdkh a_ymaejuwJh qHk;@H+;_cif;qdkwmu

tus,foabm_zpfw,f ? tusOf;oabm r[kwfzl; ? ukodkvf aumif;r+_yKzdkh / tvSLtwef;_yKzdkh eJh

ywfoufvdkh a_ymjuygpdkh ? vrf;ay:uolawmif;pm;awGudk junhfh av? wcsdKh uqdk aju;pm;awG-oifh

xufawmif ydkufqH@Sdao;w,f ? u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh tao;tzGJawGudk Oay=m_yK_yD; / y"me

tcsufawGudk tm@Hk_yKoGm;&r,f ? usifh yGm;a&;qdkwm usifh yGm;a&;yDyD / y"metcsuf tay:tm@Hkuyf_yD; /

xnfxnfcefhcefh-wifhwifhyy tm;xkwfoGm;juzdkh vdkw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh qHk;@H+; ju&wJh tcg /

wu,fwrf; vufvGwf ukef&wm awGuraumif;wmawGaygh ?

124

vlawGu rdrdwkdh rufarmwmawG[m aumif;wmawGcsnf;yJvdkh xifaewwfjuw,f ?

pifppfawmh tqifh _rifh uaejunfh &if / omrefvlawmxJu *k%fyumoeuav;awGtwGufom_zpfrSef;

awGh &w,f ? bmoma&;xJrSm a_ymaejuwm@Sdw,f / OpPm"eawG b,fh avmufjuD; juG,f0aeae-

&mxl;õme÷&awG b,fh avmufjuD; _rifh aeae / q,fpkESpfydkif;uav; awGavmufom_zpfw,f /

arG;wkef;u ygrvmovdk / aoawmh vJ ygoGm;rSm r[kwfwJh ? pGrf;tifusawmh bm_yKvdkh ckavmuf

tzdk;teË xdkufwefae&ovJ ? oluoifh rlvewf udk,fay:rSmudk aygufaewmudk; / arG;wJh tcg

ygvmEdkifovdk / aowJh tcgrSmvJ o,foGm;vdkh &wmudk; ? oifh r*fzdkvftqifh udkvJ wdkuf@dkuftqHk;t_zwf

ay;Edkifwmudk; ? 'gajumifh rdkh vdkh vJ usifh &wm rvG,fwm aygh ? wenf;tm;_zifh a_ym&&if / oifpGefh

v$wf&wmawG[m raumif;wmawG_zpfw,f ? 'grSvJ oifh tae eJh udk,fh yifudk,f Zmpf_rpftppftrSefqDudk

_yefa&mufEdkifrSm_zpfw,f ? &rSmawGu bmawGvJ ? tqifh _rifh vmrSm / aemufqHk;rSm r*fzdkvftqifh

&vmrSm / aygufa_rmufatmif_rifw&m; tvif;&vmrSm_zpfw,f ? a_yvnfoGm;rSmu

t&if;t_rpf_y\em_zpfw,f ? rSefw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh omrefvlawG&Jh tvdk&ruf

trsdK;rsdK;qHk;yg;ukefapzdkh / wu,fh usifh olwdkh &Jh pHE+ef;eJh udkufnDvmapzdkh eJh ywfoufvdkh wr[kwfcsif;

_zpfa_rmufzdkh qdkwm vG,fwmr[kwfzl; ? w_znf;_znf; vkyfoGm;&rSm _zpfw,f ? _znf;_znf;ayghvdkh

u|efawmfa_ymwmudk oifjum;&_yD ? _znf;_znf;aygh vdkh q&mu a_ymaerSOpPm / _znf;_znf; vkyfjuwmaygh

vdkh oifu qdkaumif;qdkvmvdrfh r,f ? 'Dvdkawmh b,f_zpfrvJ ? oifh taeeJh u udk,fh udk udk,f

juyfjuyfrwfrwf awmif;qdkrSaygh ? 'gayr,fvdkh oifh taeeJh w_znf;_znf; wufvmzdkh udk u|efawmfwdkh u

cGifh _yKw,f ? oifuaehyJ csufcsif;vufiif;vkyfEdkif_yDqdk&if uaeh yJ bk&m;_zpfvmawmh rSm r[kwfvm; ?

'gajumifh rdkh vdkh vufawGh rusyg ? oifw_znf;_znf; _zpfa_rmufvmrSmyg / pdwfcs ?

u|efawmfwdkh t@H+;cH&wmawG[m trSefawmh raumif;wmawG _zpfw,f ? bmawGvJ ?

uHajuG;0ãfajuG;awGaygh ? ,if;wdkh [m vlawG&Jh pdwftrsdK;rsdK;eJh t_yeftvSef qufpyfaejuwm_zpfw,f ?

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'gu u|efawmfwdkh udk,fY&Jh pdwfeJh wdkuf@dkufqufpyfaewmaygh ? 'Draumif;wmawGudk y,fypfzdkh juH&if /

OD;pGm yxrtm;_zifh oifh pdwfudk _yefOD;vSnfh vmaprS _zpfrSm?

uHajuG;0ãfajuG;wdkh &Jh tvSnfh ta_ymif;

125

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yãdy=_zpfjuwJh tcgrSmvJ ,if;_zpfpOf@SdaewmyJ ? aumif;wmvkyf&if t_zLxnf_zpfwJh yg&rDukodkvfudk

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ao;w,f ? wcsdKh u ar;aumif;ar;vdrfh r,f ? b0a&S;wpf0ufydkif;rSm tukodkvf_yKrdvdkh vm;wJh ?

tukef'Dvdk [kwfcsifrS[kwfrSm ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh / vlwdkh &Jh 0ãfajuG;uHajuG;awGqdkwm wpfb0wif

b,furvJ ? rlvewfqdkwm ysufokOf;_cif;r@Sdvdkh usifh juHa&;avmuuqdkw,f ? wu,fvdkh rlvewf

ysufokOf;_cif;r@Sdqdk&if / twdwfb0u vlh tzGJh tpnf;xJrSm / ay;qyfp&m&dSae_cif; / apmfum;armfum;

_yKrd _cif; /'d_yif raumif;wmawG vkyfrd^cif;/ olhtoufowfrd^cif; tp&SdwmrsdK;awG &Sdaumif;&Sdae

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EG,fquf / bdk;ab;bDbiftvdkufvJ atmufudk yHkusoGm;rSm _zpfw,f ? a@S;uqdk&if vljuD;olrrsm;u /

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wnfaqmufjuuGJh ß vdkh qHk;ravh @Sdw,f ? Þ'Dvlawmh od=musqHk;ae&_yD ? od=mysufae_yD ß vdkh

owday;avh @Sdjuw,f ? rSefvdkufav_cif; ? acwfvlawGuawmh em; r0ifjuawmh zl; ? od=mqHk;ukef_yD ?

od=macgif;yg;ukef_yDqdkwmeJh ywfoufvdkh vli,fawGudk oGm;a_ym junfh prf; ? tv#if;udk ta&;vkyfrSm

r[kwfzl; ? pifppf ,if;wdkh &Jh teuft"dÑm,f[m trSefwu,fh udk odyfeufeJwm ? ,if;wdkh [m acwfvlwdkh

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vlawG&Jh udk,fcE<mrSm ckvdk&kyf0wÔKESpfrsdK;pvHk; @Sdaejuwm _zpfw,f ?

trJxnfawGrsm;&if tqifh _rifh udk usifh vdkh r&awmh zl;vm;vdkh wcsdKh uar;wwfjuw,f?

tJ'Dvdk qdkEdkifw,f / trJxnfrsm;wJh vl[m olh todw&m;udk xdcdkufapvdkh _zpfw,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh

/ ,if;wdkh [m oifh cE<mwpf0dkufrSm cGifwpfck_zpfae_yD; / oifh udk txJrSm abmifcwfxm;ovdk _zpfaeapwm

udk; ? ÞopPm-arwWm-c÷D ß qdkwJh pjum0Vm*k%fowWdxl;eJh tquf_ywfaeapwmudk; ? 'gajumifh rdkh vdkh

'DvdkvlrsdK;[m todw&m;nHh p&m @Sdwmaygh ? usifh a&;juHa&;tajumif; / tcdk;usifh pOftajumif; a_ymoH

jum;&&if / t,lonf;wmawGcsnf;yJqdk_yD; / tv#if;udk r,Hkjuzl; ? &,fp&mvdkh atmif;arh aewwfju

w,f ? trsm;tm;_zifh uawmh tJ'Dvdk^zpfaewwfw,f/ taoawmh r[kwfzl;aygh ? 'DvdkvlrsdK; usifh zdkh

juH&if odyfcuf a&mwJh vm; ? pGrf;tif_rifh r&Edkifawmh zl;vm; ? 'Dvdkawmh vJ r[kwfao;zl;? u|efawmfwdkh

126

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vHk;vHk;wnfaewm_zpfw,f ? Þq&mocifu txJa&mufatmifac:vm_yD/ usifh zdkh u udk,fh tay:rSm

wnfßwJh ? oifh taeeJh b,fvkdusifh oGm; rvJqdkwmudkom apmifh junfh &awmh rSmaygh ? usifh Edkif rusifh

Edkif qdkwmeJh ywfoufvdkh awmh / onf;cH Edkif&nf @Sdr@Sd-ay;qyfEdkif&nf@Sdr@Sd-qif;&JcHEdkif&nf @Sdr@Sd qdkwmwdkh

udk apmifh junfh oGm;&rSm _zpfw,f ? wu,fvdkh pdwf'Hk;'Hk;om csusifh Edkifr,fqdk&if / bmtcuftcJurS

wm;vdkh &rSm r[kwfzl; ? tJ'Dvdkomqdk&if _y\em @SdrSmr[kwfvdkh u|efawmfqdkcsifw,f ?

trJxnfrsm;olwdkh [m t_zLxnfrsm;olwdkh xuf ydk_yD;awmh ay;qyfju&w,f ? bm_yKvkdh

vJqdkawmh t_zLxnfwdkh u opPm-arwWm-c÷D qdkwJh pjum0Vm*k%owWdxl;eJh vHk;vHk;wpfom;wnf; _zpf

aeavawmh / olh taeeJh om pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; wufvmEdkifr,fqdk&if / yãdy=awGjum;rSm udk,fh udkudk,f

_rifh vmatmif pGrf;aqmifoGm;Edkifr,fqdk&if / olh pGrf;tifawGvJ wufvm_yDom rSwfayawmh ? tJ'Davmuf

udk [efuswm ? yg&rDukodkvfrsm;olawG[m todw&m;_rifh juw,f ? qif;&JcHEdkif&nfvJ@Sdjuw,f?

um,-pdwWESpf_zmpvHk; 'k=cH&&mrSm / pdwWydkif;uenf;enf;-um,ydkif;ursm;rsm;cH&apOD;awmh / pGrf;tif

wufEdkifrSmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? trJxnfrsm;olawGusawmh r_zpfzl; ? trJxnfudk t_zLxnft_zpf

a_ymif;vJapwJh _zpfpOfwpf&yfudk t&if_zwfoef;&rSm_zpfw,f ? 'D_zpfpOf[m tifrwdtifrwef

qif;&J'k=cH&wJh _zpfpOfvJ _zpfw,f ? 'gajumifh rdkh vdkh todw&m;nHh olwdkh taeeJh qif;&J'k= ydkcHju&avh

@Sdw,f ? 0ãfajuG;awGu rsm;&wJh txJ todw&m;uvJ nHh vdkufOD;r,fqdk&if / usifh zdkh omrvG,fawmh

raygh ?

wdwdusus Oyrm^y&&if / olb,fvdkusifh ovJqdkwmudk junfh ayawmh ? w&m;xdkifwJh

tcg / tjumjuD; wifysOfacG&r,f ? wifysOfacGwJh tcg emvJem usifvJusifr,f ? tcsdefjumvm&if

pdwfxJu roufrom p_zpfvmvdrfh r,f / _zpfonfxuf _zpfvmvdrfh r,f ? udk,fa&mpdwfa&m

roufrom _zpfvm&rSmcsnf; _zpf w,f ? wcsdKh u wifysOfacGwJh tcg emwmajumufvdkh qufracGyJ

_zKwfypfvdkufa&m ? wcsdKh usawmh vJ acGwm enf;enf;jumwJh tcg rcHEdkifvdkh _zKwfypfvdkufa&m ?

t&mrxif tusdK;roufa&muf _zpf&wmaygh ? wifysOfacGvdkemvm&if / enf;enf;yg;yg; v+yf@Sm;_yD;

xyfacGjuw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh t_rifa_ym&&if/ t&ma&mufrSm r[kwfzl; ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh/

a_caxmufemvmwJh tcgrSm / trJxnfawG olh a_c axmufudk wdkufaewmudk u|efawmfwdkh awGh &w,f ?

trJxnfqdkwm 0ãfajuG;uHajuG;awGaygh / 'k=cH&^cif;tm;^zifh 0ãfajuG;uHajuG;awG[m ^y,f^yD; /

yg&rDukodkvft_zpfudk a&mufvmEdkifjuw,f ? emvm_yDqdk&if 0ãfajuG;uHajuG;awG[m

127

_ydKusvmygava&m ? atmufudk ydusonfxuf ydusav / olh a_caxmufawGvJ

emonfxufemvmavaygh ? 'gajumifh rdkh vdkh a_caxmufemwmrsdK;qdkwm tajumif;rJh oufoufemwm

r[kwfzl; ? w&m;xdkif&if; a_caxmufemw,fqdkwm uGufusm;uGufusm; emwmrsdK; _zpfw,f wpfcsD-

wpfcsD tifrwefh udk em/ tifrwefhudktcH&cuf^yD;w,fqdk&if oufomoGm;_yefa&m ? watmifhavmufqdk

'DyHkpHrsdK;twdkif; xyf_zpfvm_yefa&m ? a,bl,stm;_zifh 'DyHkpHrsdK;csnf;aygh ?

0ãfajuG;uHajuG;awG[m wpfcJpDwpfcJpD _y,fwm_zpfw,f ? wpfcJ_y,foGm;&if a_caxmuf

tem oufoma&m ? awmfjum wpfcJxyfvm_yefa&m ? xyfemvm_yefa&m ? trJxnfawG[m _y,fwJh

tcg/ vGifhukefaysmufukefwmr[kwfzl; ? 'D0wÔKawG[mvJ ysufokOf;wmr[kwfzl; ? _y,fvJoGm;a&m

t_zLxnft_zpfudk csufcsif;a&mufvma&m ? t_zLxnfqdkwmu yg&rDukodkvfaygh ? bm_yKvdkh

ckvdkwpf_zpf a_ymif;vm &ovJ ? olqif;&JcH_yD;rSudk; ? ay;qyf_yD;rSudk; ? 'k=cH_yD;rSudk; ?

yg&rDukodkvfqdkwm udk,fh [mudk,f'k=cH&/ qif;&JcH& / ukodkvfaumif;r+_yK_yD;rS &vmwm_zpfajumif;

u|efawmfwdkh a_ym_yD;_yD ? 'gajumifh rdkh vdkh w&m; xdkifwJh tcg ckvdk _y\emrsdK; ay:vmrSm_zpfw,f? wcsdKh

u a_caxmufenf;enf;emvm_yDqdk&if wifysOfacG _zKwf / v+yfv+yf@Sm;@Sm;_yK_yD;rS xyfacGw,f ? t@Sif;udk

t&ma&mufrSm r[kwfzl; ? wcsdKh uqdk&if rwfwwfusifhuGufusifh wJh tcg / vufa_rSmufwmjumawmh

anmif;w,fqdk_yD; csypfvdkufa&m ? b,ft&m a&mufygh rvJ ? 'D'k=uav;avmufrsm; bmrdkh vdkh vJ ?

u|efawmfa_ymr,f ? ckvdk vufudka_rSmuf usifh @HkavmufeJh rsm; aygufa_rmufatmif_rifEdkifr,fqdk&if /

odyfvG,fvGef;&m usraeayvm; ? 'gu w&m;xdkif usifh &mrSm ay:vmwwfwJh t_zpfrsdK;awG _zpfw,f ?

u|efawmfwdkh usifh pOfu t"dutm;_zifh ckvdkvrf;rsdK; vdkufwmr[kwfzl; ? 'gayr,fh wcsdKh

wpf0ufuawmh 'DbufrSm tusdK;oufa&mufjuw,f ? u|efawmfwdkhursm;aomtm;_zifh vlvlcsif;

pdwfyGwfwdkufr+_zpfjuwJh tcgrsdK;rSm / uHajuG;0ãfajuG;awGudk tvSnfh ta_ymif; _zpfapwm_zpfw,f /

rsm;aomtm; _zifh 'DbufrSm_zpfwmu rsm;w,f ? vlvlcsif;yãdy=_zpfjuwJhtcgrsdkK;rSm/

wpfa,mufeJhwpfa,muf yGwfrdaqmifhrdjuwJhtcgrsdK;rSm/ cHpm;&wm[m [dkvdk'k=xuf ydk_yD;cg;oD;wmudk

u|efawmfwdkh awGh ju&w,f ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f ? udk,fcE<m 'k=[m tcH& tvG,fqHk;vdkh qdk&rSm ?

tHjudwfcHvdkuf&if _yD;oGm;wmyJ ? wpfa,mufeJhwpfa,muf Om%feDOm%feufqifju/ cGufaqmif;ckwfju

wJh tcgrsdK;rSm / tJ'Dvdk pdwfrsdK;urS txdef;&tcufqHk;_zpfw,f ?

128

Oyrm a_ym&&if / vlwpfa,muf[m tvkyfoGm;wufpOf vlESpfa,muf olh twif; jurf;

jurf;wrf;wrf;olhtwif;a_ymaewm jum;&wJh tcg / [kef;ueJqdkovdk a'go_zpfrdwmaygh ? 'gayr,fvdkh

usifh ol wpfa,muftaeeJh t&dkufcH&wm ^yefr&dkuf-tqJcH&wm_yefrqJzdkh/ udk,fh udkudk,f pHcsdef_rifh _rifh

awmif;qdkzdkh u|efawmfwdkh u a_ymxm;_yD;rSudk; ? 'geJh olu 'dkhusifholqdkwm olrsm;vkdvkyfvdkhr_zpfbl;/

oabmxm;^uD;rSvdkhq&mu a_ymxm;^yD;om;r[kwfvm; qdk^yD; / tJ'DvlESpfa,mufeJh olpum;rrsm;zl; ?

'gay r,fvdkh yãdy= ay:vmwJh tcg vlh pdwfudk qGay;&m rus&if /tvum;_zpfae&-toHk;rus_zpfae&-

olh wdk;wufa&;tzdkh tcsnf;tESD;_zpfae&rSm udk; ? 'gajumifh rdkh vdkh 'Dvl[m pdwfxJu wpfrsdK;juD;vdkvdk_zpf_yD;

/ cdk;vdk; ckvk uoduatmuf_zpfaerSm_zpfw,f ? 'DvlESpfa,mufudk vSnfh junfh csifpdwfay:-

ay:vmaewmeJh tr# / @kwfw&uf vSnfh junfh vdkufwJh tcg / tjunfh &qdk;vdkufwJh rsufcGufwdkh udkvJ

awGh & / em;cg;vSwJh pum;awGudkvJ jum;&wJh tcg / rcHEdkifawmh yJ / a'go_zpfvm/

&ef_zpfaumif;_zpfvmrSm_zpfw,f? vlvlcsif; yãdy= _zpfjuwJh tcgrsdK;rSm / pdwfudk odyftxdef;&cufwm ?

u|efawmfa_ymr,f ? t&m&mqdkovdk w&m;xdkif&if;eJh om _yD;ukefjur,fqdk&if aumif;aygh-vG,faygh?

'gayr,fh 'Dvdkcsnf;awmhvJ b,ft^rJ_zpfaeyghrvJav ?

'gajumifh rdkh vdkh aemifusifh wJh tcg ab;'k=trsdK;rsdK;eJh &ifqdkifju&rSm _zpf w,f ? 'gawG

r@Sd&if oifb,fh ES,fh vkyfusifh rvJ ? vlwdkif;vlwdkif; wpfa,mufeJh wpfa,muf wJh aeju / tusdK;t_rwf

yãdy=awGvJ r@Sdju / vlvlcsif; pdwftaESmifh t,SufawGvJ uif;aejueJh [m ? tJ'DrSm xdkif

aeju@Hkuav;eJh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;u wufvma&mwJh vm; ? b,f[kwfrvJ ? vlqdkwm vufawGh rSm

udk,fh udkudk,f wu,fwrf; xkom;ayom; cHEdkif&nf&Sdatmifusifhay;ygrS wufvmEdkifrSm_zpfw,f ? wcsdKh

u b,fvdkqdkju ovJqdkawmh / ÞusKyfwdkh usifh wm b,fh ES,fh ajumifh pdwftdkufp&mrsdK;awGeJh csnf;

wdk;ae&ygvdrfh ? omrefvl awmxJu pdwftdkufp&mrsdK;awGeJh rwdrf;r,drf;yJ ß wJh ? oifu

omrefvlawGjum;rSm usifh aewmudk; ? oifh udk @kwfw&ufqdkovdk avxJrSmapmufxdk;rdk;ar#mf

vkyfxm;wmrsdK; / aumif;uifrSm 'k=cHae&wmrsdK;vkyfrSm r [kwfzl; ? 'grsdK;awmh _zpfrSmr[kwfzl; ?

omrefvlawmxJu[mrsdK;awGcsnf;_zpfrSm ? 'Daehwpfa,muf a,mufu oifh udk p vmwmrsdK;wdkh/

a'go_zpfatmifqGay;wmrsdK;wdkh / @kwfw&ufqdkovdk wpfa,mufa,mufu oiftay:raumif; vmwm

rsdK;wdkh / jurf;jurf;wrf;wrf;a_ymvmwmrsdK;wdkh / 'DyHkrsdK;awGcsnf;aygh ? oifh taeeJh b,fvdkvkyfrvJ

qdkwmukdapmifhjunfh oGm;&rSmaygh ?

129

bm_yKvdkh 'D_y\emawGeJh juHK&ovJ ? oifh udk,fY&Jh 0ãfajuG;uHajuG;awGajumifh ckvdk

_zpf&wm_zpfw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh azsmufzsufypfvdkufjuwmawG[m tifrwefh udk renf;awmh zl; ? tqifh

toD;oD;wdkh rSm enf;enf;uav;pDyJ usefawmh w,f ? tJ'guawmh / oifh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;wufa&; / oifh

tpGJtvrf;trsdK;rsdK; aysmuf_y,fa&;wdkh twGuf ausmfv$m;&rJh ql;a_iSmifh cvkwft_zpf pDpOfay;xm;

wm_zpfw,f ? 'gawGu oifh udk,fY&Jh ab;'k=awGcsnf;_zpfw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh u oifh pdwf&nfpdwf

aoG;wufapzdkh twGuf ,if;wdkh udk toHk;cs_cif;_zpfw,f ? oifausmfv$m;EdkifrSmcsnf; _zpfw,f ? oifh taeeJh

pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;omwufvmygav/ ausmfEdkifrSm^zpfw,f? oifhudk,f[mudk,f rausmfcsifrSmudkom

pdk;&drf&w,f ? ausmfcsif&if ausmfEdkifrSm_zpfw,f ? 'gajumifh rdkh vdkh aemif yãdy=eJh juHKvmwJhtcg

trSwfrxif _zpf&wmvdkh oabmrxm;aveJh ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh yãdy=u @kwfw&uf

_zpfvmwm_zpfayr,fvdkh / trSefawmh um a@Smifwcif_zpf&wm r[kwfzl; ? oifh pdwf&nfpdwf aoG;

wufapzdkh twGuf pDrHzefwD;vdkufwm_zpfw,f ? oifh taeeJh om udk,fh udkudk,f usifh olt_zpf

oabmxm;Edkifr,fqdk&if / aumif;aumif;udkifwG,fEdkifrSm _zpfw,f ?

twd'k=wdkh / yãdy=wdkh udk judKa_ymxm;rSm r[kwfwmawmhtrSefyg ? tukefa_ymxm;&if

oifbmusifh aep&m vdkao;vJ ? ,if;wdkh vJ tusdK;oGm;ay: awmh rSm r[kwfzl; ? @kwfw&ufa@Smifwcif

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wufvmaprSm_zpfw,f ? 'Dawmh rS pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; xdef;Edkifrxdef;Edkifqdkwmudk tuJ_zwfvdkh &rSm _zpf

w,f ? 'gajumifh rdkh vdkh / yãdy=awGqdkwm trSwfrxif ay:vmwmr[kwfzl; ? usihf juHa&;_zpfpOfwpf

av#mufvHk;rSmyJ / 0ãfajuG;uHajuG; tvSnfh ta_ymif;wdkh rSm / ckvdk_y\emay:rSmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? ,if;[m

u|efawmfwdkh a,bl,stm;_zifh em;vnfxm;juwJh um,'k=p&d,mxuf tyHkjuD;cufw,f ? a_cawG

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130

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131

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132

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133

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134

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135

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136

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137

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138

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139

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140

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t&ifacgif;a@Smifjuw,f ? olh udk t_ypfqdkqdk-rqdkqdk / udk,fvGwf@kef;wmu t&if ? um;xJuvlu

Þjunfh vdkufygOD; / b,fh eJh aeovJvdkh ? aq;@HkoGm;ydkh &atmif ß qdkawmh rS / um;orm;vJ t&nfvnf

vm_yD; / ÞzGm;zGm; b,fh eJh aevJ / '%f&m &ovm; / aq;@Hk oGm;_y&atmif ßvdkh uAsmu&ma_ymvmw,f ?

tJ'Doifom;vJ a_ray:uae w_znf;_znf;xvm_yD; Þ udpP r@Sdzl; / armif&ifwdkh oGm;juayawmh ß vdkh

qdkw,f ? udk,fay:u zHkawGudk cgcuf_yD; / tzdk;juD;udk qGJac:_yD; oGm;juygava&m ?

oifwef;a&mufwJh tcg / u|efawmfh udk a_ym_yw,f / u|efawmfvJ odyf0rf;omwmyJ ?

u|efawmfwdkh oifom;[m pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; wu,fh udk _rifh wmyJ ? olu u|efawmfh udk b,fvdka_ymo

vJqdkawmh / Þq&m / uaeh u|efru "rRpjumw&m;awmf oifaewm / u|efrom "rRpjumw&m;awmf

roif&if / 'Daeh u|efr 'DvdkvkyfrSm r[kwfzl; ß wJh ? pOf;pm;junfh juprf;yg / t_idrf;pm; _zpfae_yD ? ck

ukefaps;awGuvJ juD;vdkufwm / oufom acsmifcsda&;qdkvdkh vJ bmrSr@Sdzl; ? toufig;q,fausmft@G,f

vljuD;wpfa,muf um;eJh ta0;juD; '@GwfqGJygoGm;_yD;rS vJoGm;wm ? b,fae&m '%f&m&oGm;ovJ /

tukef'%f&m awGcsnf;aygh qkd_yD; / vJae&mu xrSmr[kwfzl; ? Þaq;@HkoGm;pdkhß qdk / oGm;aygh ?

aq;@Hkwufrdw,fqdk qif;awmh rSm r[kwfzl; ? omrefvlqdk&if tJ'Dvdk _zpfaumif;_zpfrSm ? 'gayrJh olu

usifh olyDyD-tJ'Dvdk rvkyfzl; ? taumif;-tqdk;qdkwm vlh w'*Ftm@HkrSmwnfajumif; ? 'Dv#yfwysuf

tm@Hkuav;rwl&if rwlovdk / tusdK;qufcsif;vJ uGmrSm_zpfajumif;udk u|efawmfwdkh u @Sif;@Sif; vif;vif;

a_ymxm;tyfygw,f ? t@G,f&aerS[m / omrefvlomqdk&if / '%f&mr&yJ aeygh rvm; ? 'gayr,fh olh

usawmh ta&_ym;awmif r^yJzl; ? taumif;vm;-tqdk;vm; qdkwm 'Dtm@Hkw'*Fuav; tay:rSm

wnfaewm ? wu,fvdkh olu tJ'DrSm vJae&if;uae ÞusKyfawmh r_zpfawmh zl; / 'Dae&mur_zpfawmhzl; /

[dkae&mu r_zpfawmh zl; ß vdkh vkyfvm&if / t@dk;usdK;vdkusdK;&-tajum_ywfvdk _ywf& / oGufcsmyg'

141

vdkufvdkvdkuf& _zpfaumif;_zpfvm&rSm_zpfw,f ? oifh udk ydkufqHawG b,fh avmufjuD; avsmfaju;ay;ae

ae / wpfoufvHk; aq;@Hku qif;EdkifrSm r[kwfbl;/ xEdkifrSmr[kwfbl;? oifpdwfcsrf;om EdkifrSmwJh vm; ?

0dkif;tHkjunfh aeju wJh vlawGuawmifrS txl;tqef; _zpfrdjuw,f ? Þ'DtzGm;juD;ES,f b,fh eJh ajumifh

rsm; aiGav;bmav; !Spf,lrxm;vdkufovJ / bm_yKvdkh aiGawmif;rxm;vdkufovJ ß eJh yGpdyGpd

_zpfaejuw,f ? ckvlawG&Jh tusifh od=m pHawGqdkwm yHkysufyef;ysuf _zpfukefju_yD ? um;orm;taeeJh

um;t_refarmif;rdwmuawmh [kwfyg&Jh / 'gayr,fh wrifwdkufygh rvm; ? trSwfrxif wdkufrdwm

r[kwfvm; ? 'gayr,fh tckvlawGu awmh aiGenf;enf;avmuf !Spfrxm;vdkuf&if / 0dkif;junfh aewJh

vlawGuawmifrS rw&m;zl;vdkh txifa&muf aeju&Smw,f ? cku|efawmfa_ymr,f / taumif;

tqdk;awmif rcGJwwfawmh zl; ? wcsdKh udk Þoifraumif;wm vkyfaewm ß vdkh oGm;a_ymjunfh prf; ?

olu ,HkrSm r[kwfzl; ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh / vlawG&Jh tusifh od=mpHawGawmif ta_ymif;tvJ

_zpfukefrSudk; ? wcsdKh qdk&if igpm;&_yD;pwrf; vkyfaejuwm / ydkufqHom &r,fqdk&if

bmrqdkvkyf&ufjuw,f ? Þvlqdkwm udk,fusdK;rjunhf &if rdk;a&ma_ryg 0dkif;uGyfrsufvdrfh r,f?ß qdkwJh

pum;awmif aqmifyk'f_zpfae^yD ?

yDuif;u oifom;wpfa,muf[m npmpm;t_yD;rSm / uav;ac:_yD; ta@Sh wHcg;udk vrf;

av#mufxGufw,f ? um;wpfpD;u uHprf;rJ ajumf_imaewmeJh juHKvdkh / uav;u ylqmwmeJh wpf,Grf ay;

vdkufw,f ? 'kwd,qkaygufvdkh taumif;pm; uav;pD;pufbD;wpfpD; &w,f ? uav;uawmh odyf0rf;

omaygh ? oluawmh Þigu usifh ol _zpfw,f / 'gudkvdkcsifvdkh b,f_zpfrvJ ? udk,fh [m r[kwfwmudk &&if/

igh yg&rDukodkvfawG b,fhavmuf _yefay;&rvJrodzl; ß qdk_yD; / Þ'dkh r,lzl; ? vdkcsif&if udk,fh [mudk,f

oGm;0,fjuwmaygh ß vdkh uav;udka_ymw,f ? uav;u b,f&rvJ ? Þu|efawmf 0,fcdkif;wm 0,fray;

zl; ? u|efawmf udk,fh [mudk,f aygufawmh vJ ray;zl; ß qdk_yD; idkwm qlwmeJh / tdrfudk wGef;oGm;&a&m ?

tdrf_yefa&mufawmh / awG;avawG;av / r[kwfao;ygzl;avqdk_yD; ? @+yfw,f / ydkufqHoGm;_yefay;vdkuf

wmyJ aumif;r,fvdkh tawG;ay:vmw,f ? 'gayr,fh / _yef_yD;awmh pOf;pm;junfh wJh tcg / rJvufrSwfvJ

r@Sdawmh zl; ? igydkufqH_yefay;vdkuf&if / olwdkh udk,fh [mudk,f a0pm;r#pm; vkyfrypfayvm;vdkh owd&

vmwmeJh ? uJ/ õmeudk oGm;vSLvdkuf&if at;a&m vdkh qHk;_zwfvdkufw,f ?

õmerSmvJ "rRpjumw&m;awmf oifom;renf;vdkh awmfygao;&Jh ? vljuD;awGuvJ olh

udkem;vnfjuw,f ? wu,fvdkh om olvdkigvdk ywf0ef;usifrsdK;rSm / olvdkigvdk õmersdK;rSmqdk&if /

udk,fudkudk,f usifh olqdk_yD; / rJaygufwmawmif pufbD;r,lzl; / aiGudk õmevSLypfr,fqdkawmh / 'Dvl

142

pdwWZa&m*grsm; @aevdkh vm;vdkh xifaumif;xifjurSm ? 'd_yifvlawGuvJ / 'Dvlawmh tcdk;usifh pOfusifh

wm twdrf;tapmif;_zpfvdkh / pdwfazmuf_yefae_yD vm;qdk_yD; / wpfa,mufwpfayguf a_ymjurSm _zpf w,f ?

udk,fusifh w&m;pHE+ef; wGefh vdrfae_yD_zpfajumif; u|efawmfa_ymcJh _yD ? 1950_ynfh-60 _ynfhvGef

ESpfrsm;qDu qdk&if 'gqef;wmvdkufvdkh / @dk;@dk;uav;&,f / b,fvlrS tHh joaerSm r[kwfzl; ?

vlom;wdkh &Jh tusifh od=mpHE+ef; b,fh avmufjuD; a_ymif;vJaeae / 'Dpjum0VmjuD;&Jh

*k%fowDWxl;_zpfwJh opPm-arwWm-c÷D wdkh uawmh xm0pOf a_ymif;rSm r[kwfajumif; u|efawmfwdkh

a_ym_yD;_yD ? oifh udk wcsdKh u aumif;w,fvdkh qdkcsifqdkvdrfh r,f / 'gayr,fh oifh taeeJh u wu,fh udk

aumif; csifrS aumif;rSm ? wcsdKh uvJ qdk;w,fvdkh qdkcsifqdkvdrfh r,f / 'gayr,fh vJ oifh taeeJh u

wu,fh udk qdk; csifrSqdk;rSm ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh taumif;-tqdk;udk wdkif;wJh pHE+ef;u

vdrfaumufaerSudk; ? pjum0Vm *k%fowdWxl;eJh udkufnDrSom vlaumif;rnfayw,f ? 'g[m vlaumif;-

vlqdk;udk csdefxdk;wJh wpfckwnf; aom pHE+ef;_zpfw,f ? 'g[m pjum0VmtwGif;rSm

todtrSwf_yKcH&_yD;_zpfw,f ? vlh tzGJh tpnf;taeeJh b,fh avmufjuD; a_ymif;vJvmaeae / vlom;wdkh

&Jh tusifh od=mpHE+ef;taeeJh b,fh avmufjuD; aZmuf xdk;av#musvmaeae / vlr+usifh0wfawG b,fh

avmufjuD; ysufvmaeae / igpm;&_yD;pwrf; b,fh avmufjuD; vkyfvmaeae / pjum0Vm&Jh

a_ymif;vJr+uawmh vlom;wdkh &Jh a_ymif;vJr+eJh twl vdkuf_yD; a_ymif;vJ aewm r[kwfzl; ? usifh

yGm;tm;xkwfolwdkh taeeJh omrefvlwdkh &Jh pHE+ef;twdkif; vdkufvkyfvdkh r_zpfzl; ? omrefvlwdkh u

'DudpPrSefw,fqdkwmeJh oifuvJ tJ'Dtwdkif; vdkufvkyfvdkh r_zpfzl; ? omrefvlwdkh u aumif;w,fqdkayr,fh

aumif;csifrS aumif;rSm ? omrefvlwdkh u qdk;w,fqdkayr,fh vJ / qdk;csifrS qdk;rSm?tusifh od=mpHE+ef; wGefh

vdrfae_yD_zpfwJh 'DacwfjuD;rSm / raumif;wm vkyfaewJh vlwpfa,mufudk / oif raumif;wm

vkyfaew,fvdkh oGm;a_ymjunfh prf; / olu ,HkrSm r[kwfzl; ? usifh olwpfa,muftaeeJh /

pjum0Vm*k%fowDWxl;eJh csdefxdk;junfh ygrSom / b,f[murS wu,faumif;wm / b,f[murS wu,f

qdk;wmqdkwmudk aumufcsufcsEdkifrSm _zpfw,f ?

OD;xdyfrS oGef;avmif;_cif;

143

usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&; avmurSm / ckvdk t_zpfwpf&yf @Sdw,f / OD;xdyfrS oGef;avmif;

_cif;vdkh ac:w,f ? OD;xdyfrS oGef;avmif;_cif;qdkwm / Ak'<*dk%f;xJ@Sd wdAufv#dKh 0Suf usifh pOfu bmoma&;

oÐmefwpf&yf _zpfw,f ? &nf@G,f&if;uawmh / OD;xdyfrS oGef;avmif;_cif; _yK_yD;wJh tcg / 'Dvl[m 'd_yif

*dk%f;udk r0if&awmh zl; / 'D*dk%f;u wu,fh om;wynfh &if; _zpfvma&mqdkwJh oabmaygh ? ckxl;qef;ae

wmu / ckvdk bmoma&;oÐmefrsdK;udk tcdk;usifh pOfusifh &mrSmvJ oHk;aejuwm_zpfw,f ? wdAuf v#dKh

0Sufusifh pOfrSmomru / Þawmufß *dk%f;uvJ OD;xdyfrS oGef;avmif;_cif;udk oHk;aejuw,f ? wdAuf v#dKh

0Sufusifh pOf tvHxl_yD; / vlh tzGJh tpnf;xJrSm 'Dusifh pOfudk _zefh csDaewmawG[m twkta,mifawGcsnf;

_zpfajumif; u|efawmfa_ymcJh _yD ? bm_yKvdkh ckvdk a_ym&ovJqdkawmh / u|efawmfwdkh EdkifiHrSm Þxefßv#dKh

0Sufusifh pOfaysmufuG,foGm;&wm ESpfaygif;wpfaxmifausmf@Sd_yD_zpfavawmh / tv#if;udk r@Sdawmh zl;aygh?

wdAufv#dKh 0Sufusifh pOfqdk&ifvJ / bmompum; tqD;twm;ajumifh / u|efawmfwdkh [efe,fxJudk _ynfh

_ynfh pHkpHk _zefh csDcJh _cif; r@Sdzl; ? txl;o_zifh olh [mu v#dKh 0Sufusifh pOf_zpfvdkh / ausmif;wdkufxJrSm v#dKh

0Sufusihf &rSm _zpfw,f ? q&mocifu v#dKh 0SufpGm oifay;_yD; / q&mocif&Jhjuyfrwfr+t&v#dKh 0SufpGm

usifh oGm;&rSm _zpfw,f ? 'DvdkrS rvkyfEdkif&if vHk;vHk;udk oifay;rSm r[kwfzl; ?

vlrsm;pGmwdkh [m tcdk;usifh pOf oif&atmif qdk_yD; wdAufudk oGm;juw,f ? aemiftcdk;usifh

pOfq&m_zpfvmatmif / emrnfjuD;vmatmif /olaõ;_zpfvmatmif / wdAufv#dKh 0Sufusifh pOfq&m

wpfa,mufavmufqDrSm wynfh cHOD;rS qdk_yD; oGm;juwmaygh ? wqdwfpOf;pm;junfh juprf;yg / wu,f

wrf; vufxyfoifay;xm;wJh Ak'<t@Sif vmrmbkef;awmfjuD;awG[m / pGrf;tif&ifh oefaejuolrsm;yDyD /

wynfh cHcsifolawG b,fvdkpOf;pm;aejuw,fqdkwmudk twdkif;om; odaeju_yD;_zpfw,f ? bmvmvkyf

wmvJqdkwmudk junfh vdkuf@HkeJh pdwfxJuodaea&m ? aemiftcdk;usifh pOfq&m_zpfvmbdkh / emrnf&vm

bdkh / juD;yGm;vmbdkhtwGuf / wdkhAk'<usifh pOfudk ysuf,Gif;apatmif / oifu 'Dynmudk vm oifrSmudk; ?

ckavmufcefhxnfav;eufvSwJh Ak'<usifh pOfudk wpfudk,faumif;tusdK;twGuf aygh aygh wefwef

zsufqD;cHvdkh b,f_zpfrvJ ? wu,fvdkh om ynmoifay;vdkuf&if / tcdk;usifh pOfq&mvkyf_yD; *k%fawG

yumoeawG vdkufpm;_cif;tm;_zifh 'DAk'<usifh pOfudkzsufrSm usdef;aoyJqdk_yD; / vHk;vHk;udk oifay;rSm r[kwf

zl; / vufxyf oifay;zdkh qdkwm a0;pG ? rSefw,fav / ausmif;wdkufawGu rsm;awmh um / ty,du

avmufawmh wwfaumif;wwfjuvdrfh r,f ? wu,fvdkh pdwfxm;ra_zmifh rSefaomf / tcdk;usifh

pOfq&mvkyf_yD; raumif;wmawG vkyfzdkh juH&if / tyrSD cHvm&rSm_zpfw,f ? tyrSDjuwJh wd&ðmefawG

qdkwmvJ pGrf;tif@Sdju wmyJ / 'gayr,fvdkh wdAufv#dKh 0Suf usifh pOfawmhb,f[kwfrvJ? wdAufoGm;_yD;

144

wu,hfudkw&m;@SmolawGusawmh / a&mufoGm;ju_yDqdkrS_zifh wpfcgwnf;udk r_yefpwrf; ta_cpdkufae

oGm;juawmh rSm _zpfwef&mw,f ? 'DvlawGu wu,f wrf;usifh olawGudk; ?

xl;qef;wmu ckqdk&if Þawmufß usifh pOfrsm;pGmwdkh uvJ OD;xdyfrS oGef;avmif;_cif; vkyf

aejuw,f ? Þawmufß *dk%f;qdkwm aoG;ajumavajumvrf;ukd vdkufwm / OD;xdyfrSoGef;avmif;

_cif;qdkwmudk bm_yKvdkh vkyfae&vJ ? u|efawmfawmifydkif;rSm oifwef;ay;zl;w,f ? u|efawmfod&o

avmufqdk&if / A&kwf usifh pOfwpfq,fausmfavmuf [mOD;xdyfrS oGef;avmif;_cif; vkyfaeju w,f ?

txl;o_zifh uGrfwkef;rSm enf;enf;rsm;w,f ? oabmuawmh OD;xdyfrS oGef;avmif;_cif; vkyfay; _yD;&if olh

wynfh _zpfa&m / 'd_yifusifh pOf usifh vdkh r_zpfawmh zl; / usifh &if '%fcwfcH&r,fqdkwJh oabm aygh ?

'grdðmvrf;vdkufae&m rusayvm; ? oloifay;wmu a&m*guif;a&; / usef;rma&; _zpfw,f ? oif wJh

vlawGuvJ usef;usef;rmrm_zpfcsifvdkh oifjuwm ? 'grsdK;awGvkyfaewm bmvkyfwmvJ ? wcsdKh u

b,fvdk a_ymovJqdkawmh / olh usifh pOfusifh &if 'd_yifusifhpOfudk rusifh &awmh zl;wJh ? vlawGudk

aygufa_rmufatmif_rifatmif olcGswfay;EdkifrSmwJh vm; ? wynfh _zpfolawGudk vrf;vGJatmif

vkyf&mrusay vm; ? 'DvdkvkyfwJh vlawG renf;zl; ?

Þawmufß *dk%f;[m OD;xdyfrSoGef;avmif;_cif; vkyfwmr[kwfbl; ? ckawmh vJvkyfvm

w,f ? OD;xdyfrS oGef;avmif;_cif; qdkwmudk vkyfwmtuJqHk;_zpfwJh tcdk;usifh pOfq&mtaeeJh pGrf;&nf wdkif

b,fh avmuf_rifh ovJqdk&if / ESpfxyf-oHk;xyf wdkufavmufom @Sdwmudk u|efawmfawGh &w,f ?

emrnfjuD;vSwJh tJ'D tcdk;usifh pOfq&mjuD; cAsm pGrf;tifawG usvmvdkufwmuvJ wu,fh udk oem;p&m ?

&meJh axmifeJh csD_yD; wef;pDaeolawGudk olu OD;acgif;rS oGef;avmif;_cif; vkyfay;w,f ? olh pGrf;tifu

tJ'Davmufuav;yJ@Sdwm / c%uav;eJh usoGm;&ygava&m / a_ymif&ygav acsm&ygav a&m ? 'Dawmh

bmeJh rsm; oGef;avmif;ay;OD;rSmvJ ? 'gvdrfwm / vSnfh pm;wm r[kwfvm; ? wu,fwrf; OD;xdyfrS

oGef;avmif;_cif;qdkwmu / 'd_yif [if;vif;_yifrSm junfh vdkuf&if / vlwpfudk,fvHk;u t@dk;awG[m a_cqHk;

acgif;qHk; ausmufpdrf;_zLvdk _zpfukefwm? cE<mudk,fudk od'<dwdkh / pGrf;tif_rifh 0wÔKwdkh eJh oefh pifay;wm

_zpfw,f / a_cqHk;acgif;qHk; avmif;xnfh ay;wm_zpfw,f ? tJ'Dtcdk;usifh pOfq&mtaeeJh tJ'Dvdk

vkyfEdkifrSmwJh vm; ? b,fvkyfEdkifrvJ ? 'Dawmh olu bmvkyfwmvJ ? rSefw,f ? bmoma&;vkyfwm

[kwfcsifrS [kwfrSm ? olh &nf@G,fcsufu olh usifh pOfudk oif,l&if / olh vl_zpf_yDaygh ? olh oifwef;udkwuf /

ol[mudk oif,ljuaygh ? olh &nf@G,fcsufuawmh oifh qDu ydkufqH&zdkh aygh / b,fvlrS olh [mudk

vmroif&if b,fuydkufqH&rvJ ?

145

'D_yifAk'<*dk%f;wdkhu om;wynfh rsm;enf;wl / "rRpjumw&m;awmf om;wynfh rsm;udkvJ

OD;xdyfrSoGef;avmif;_cif;udk txufq&mu judrfzefrsm;pGm vkyfay;rSm_zpfw,f / 'gayr,fh today;rSm

r[kwfbl;? pGrf;tif@SdolawGqdk&if odaumif;odvdrfh r,f / tm@Hkxufolwdkh vJ cHpm;rdaumif; cHpm;rdjuvdrfh

r,f ? tdyfaysmfaewJh tcgrsdK;rSm _zpf_zpf / 'd_yiftcsdeftcgrsdK;rSm _zpf_zpf / @kwfw&ufqdkovdk

taEG;"mwfpD;ajumif;wpfck acgif;uae wudk,fvHk; a_cqHk;acgif;qHk; _yefh oGm;wmrsdK; cHpm;rdaumif;

cHpm;rdjuvdrfh r,f ? ckvdk vkyfwmu oifh udk pGrf;tif_rifh _znfh ay;wm r[kwfzl; ? pGrf;tif qdkwmu udk,fh

[mudk,f usifh ,l&wm ? OD;xdyfrS oGef;avmif;_cif; qdkwmu / oifh udk,fcE<mudk oefh pifapatmif /

ydk_yD;awmh _zLpifvmapatmif _znfh wif;ay;wJh enf;_zpfw,f ? judrfzefrsm;pGm oGef;avmif;

ay;oGm;&rSm_zpfw,f / tqifh wdkif;tqifh wdkif;rSm / oifh udk,fcE<mudk okwfoif@Sif;vif;ay;oGm;&rSm _zpf

w,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh usifh zdkh u udk,fh zufu ? od'<du q&mocifh zufu _zpfvdkh udk; ? 'gajumifh rdkh

vdkh uGsefawmfwdkhu OD;xdyfrS oGef;avmif;_cif;vdk toGif rsdK;udk vkyfraeawmh zl; ?

wcsdKh u q&mwif_cif;qdkwmrsdK;udk vkyfaejuwkef; ? 'Dae&mrSm u|efawmfwpfvufp

wnf; a_ymvdkuf&OD;r,f / vlrsm;pGmwdkh u u|efawmfh udk q&mwifcsifaejuw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh ck'D

ordkif;umv[m w@kwfya'o&mZf vlh tzGJh tpnf;eJh rwlawmh zl; ? 'l;wkyfOD;wdkuf@HkeJh q&mwif&m us

a&mwJh vm; ? 'DvdkyHkpHrsdK;udk u|efawmfwdkh rvkyfzl; ? u|efawmfwdkh usifh olrsm;pGmwdkh crsm Þigtar$;wdkif

ylaZmf_yD; OD;!$wfbk&m; 0wf_yKwJh tcg / pdwfxJuae junf!dk&if pGrf;tifwufrSmyJ ß vdkh

xifaeju&Smw,f ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f / &,fp&m aumif;wmaygh / wu,fwrf; usifh yGm;&mrSm

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146

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'kwd,ywf oifwef;om;wdkh ponf_zifh emrnfwyfxm;wm / bmtoHk;usrSmvJ ? 'Dusifh uGufwdkh udkom

usifh @HkeJh u|efawmfwdkh om;wynfh _zpf &a&mwJh vm; ? oifh taeeJh u|efawmfwdkh &Jh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;

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ta&;xm;raezl; ? oifh taeeJh om usifh ygav u|efawmfwdkh 'D*dk%f;om;aygh ? u|efawmfh "rRum,u

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147

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oJoJuGJuGJ a0cGJvdkh &wmcsnf; _zpfw,f ?

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r@SdyJudk; ? usifh olwdkh taeeJh _rifcsif&if / ynmp=Ktm@Hktxuftqifh xuf redrfh rS awGh &rSm _zpfw,f ?

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udk,fay:udk wufvmrSm_zpfw,f ? pmtkyfrsm;pGmwdkh [m tyrSDwd&ðmefwdkh &Jh judK;qGJ-judK;udkifr+t& /

vlawG&Jh *k%f yumoepdwfawGudk appm;_yD; a&;xm;wmawG_zpfw,f ? ta&_cHKtcdk;usifh

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148

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aumif;w,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh wpfckwnf;aomusifh pOfudkom wpkdufrwfrwf usifh a&; _y\emeJh

pyfE$,faevdkh_zpfw,f ?

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ra_zEdkif&if / olta&_cHK_zpfrSef; ay:ukefrSm r[kwfvm; ? 'gh ajumifh oluvJ _zD;&Jw,f / Þ*ÝD&wHcg;

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'k=a&mufzdkh uvGJvdkh / bmrStoHk;usrSm r[kwfzl; ?

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txufudk a&mufwJh tcg / wenf;qdkawmh avmuDwGif;usifh a&;&Jh tqifh _rifh rSm usifh vm wJh tcg /

rlvoli,f pay:vma&m / rlvoli,fqdkwm u|efawmfwdkh a_ymaejuwJh oli,fav;eJh rwlzl; ?

oli,fav;u odyfi,fwm ? ckefvdkufaygufvdkufeJh odyfaqmh wm ? rlvoli,fuawmh rv+yfr,Sufae

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149

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avmu"mwfi,ft_zpfu tyfzsm;xufawmif i,fwkef;uwnf;u olh udk _rifEdkifae^yD ?

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ouf@Sdwdkh yg 'Dv,fuae aygufyGm;vmjuwmcsnf; _zpfw,f ?

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150

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c%w_zKwf avmufaerSm_zpfw,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh vlhcE<mukd,fu tqDtESpftaeeJh OçmawG

trsm;juD;taeeJh (ESvHk;uvJtJ'DrSmudk;)tJ'D avylazmif;xJrSm t&mpkwpf&yf _zpfvmaprSmrdkhvkdh_zpfw,f ?

tqD tESpfawGudk avylazmif;xJ _znfh ay;oGm;rSm_zpfw,f ? tcsdefykdif;wpfckukef vGefwJh tcg / ,if;[m

151

xyf wuf_yefa&m ? vnfacsmif;udk _zwfausmfwJh tcg / aoG;ajumawG qdkh ovdkvdk azmif;juGvmovdkvdk

rcsd rqHh cHpm;&avmufatmif vnfyif;tifh vmwwfw,f / tJ'Dvdk wpf&ufESpf&uf avmuf cH&vJ^yD;

a&m/ avylazmif;[m OD;xdyfudka&mufvmygava&m ? tJ'gudk u|efawmfwdkh u ÞeD0rfß a&muf_yDvdkh

ac:w,f ? ÞeD0rfß a&muf_yDvdkh a_ymoma_ym&w,f / pifppf,if;[m oifh acgif;wpfckvHk;eJh

t@G,fcsif;wlae^yD_zpfwmrkdh / wpfacgif;vHk; _ynfhwif;vmovdk cHpm;rdvdrfh r,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh

ÞeD0rfß [m vlh touftzdkh tifrwef ta&; ygwJh ae&m_zpfvdkh udk ? ,if;&Jh tqDtESpfwdkh [mvJ

avylazmif;xJrSm _zpfwnfvm&rSm_zpfw,f ? 'daemufrSm avylazmif;[m 'dAýp=Kvrf;ajumif;uae

t_yifudk wdk;xGufvmvdrfh r,f / 'gvJ odyftcH&usyfaygh ? 'dAýp=K wif;usyfemvmvdrfh r,f ?

rsufpDvJa[mufvm rSm_zpfw,f ? ,if;t_yifukd wkd;xGufvmawmhrS / ezl;rSmwGJavmif;_zpfaerSm _zpfw,f/

em;o,fvJ awmifh vdrfhr,f/ tJ'gudk Þ*ÝD&wHcg;ae&m,l_cif;ßvkdhac:w,f/ tJ'DrSmwGJavmif;_zpfae^yDav?

'dAýp=KyGifholwdkh [m tJ'Dtcgus&if r_rif&awmh zl; ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh / Ak'<*dk%f;eJh

Þawmufß *dk%f;wdkh &Jh usifh a&;rSm / Þ*ÝD&wHcg;xJu[mawGudk _refEdkifor#_refpGm _zpfyGm;vmapzdkh

twGufwHcg;zGifhrxm;vkdh_zpfw,ff ? a@Sh wHcg;@GufjuD; ESpfckudka&m / aemufwHcg;@GufESpfckudkyg ydwfxm;

wmudk; ? yDuif;u xseftefrif (tmum at;csrf;wHcg;) tayguf0vdkaygh / ESpfzufpvHk;rSmyJ wHcg;@GufjuD;

ESpf@GufpD@Sdw,f ? ,if;udk _refEdkifor#_refpGm _zpfay:vmapzdkh / _ynfh 0vmapzdkh twGuf / xl;_cm;vGef;vSwJh

ta_ctaersdK; r[kwf&if wHcg;rzGifh zl; ? 'dAýp=K _rifolwdkh vJ tJ'Dtcgus&if r_rif&awmh zl; ? junfh cGifh

r_yKyJukd; / tJ'DrSm ,if;wGJavmif;_zpfaewm bmvkyfzdkhvJ ? aoG;ajumav ajum tvHk;pHkwdkh [m tJ'DrSm

qHkrdjuwm_zpfavawmhum? tJ'DtcgrSm ,if;aoG;avajumwdkhtaeeJh Þ*ÝD&wHcg;ß xJrSm wpfywfywf_yD;

xGuf oGm;ju&rSm udk; / Þ*ÝD&wHcg;ßukd _zwfju&rSmcsnf;ukd; ? &nf@G,fcsufu Þ*ÝD& wHcg;ß xJrSm

tkwf_rpfenf;enf;avmuf xyfcsay;oGm;zdkh / t&mpkwpfck _zpfvmapzdkh _zpfw,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh vlh

cE<mudk,f[m pjum 0Vmuav;wpfck _zpf&avawmh um / ,if;[m uÝmuav;wpfck _zpfvm&rSm_zpf

w,f ? txJrSm vlh tqDtESpftm;vHk; _zpfwnfvm&rSm_zpfw,f ? 'gayr,fvdkh ,if;[m ypPnf;ud&d,m

t_zpfom @Sdwmrdkh / t_ynfh t0oHk;zdkh r_zpfao;zl; ?

qef;ju,fusifh pOf*dk%f;rSmawmh Þ*ÝD&wHcg; ßudk zGifh xm;w,f ? Þ*ÝD&wHcg; ß udk

xkwfv$wfvdkufpu _yGefyHkrsdK;_zpfw,f ? aemufawmh w_znf;_znf; tvHk;_zpfvmrSm _zpfw,f ? 'gajumifh

rdkvdkh wHcg;ESpfzufpvHk; zGifh xm;w,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh / qef;ju,fusifh pOfu bk&m; usifh

wmvJr[kwf / Þawmufß usifh wmvJ r[kwfvdkh / udk,fh [mudk,f umuG,fju&w,f ? Ak'<*dk%f;eJh

152

Þawmufß *dk%f;wdkh uawmh q&mocifawG atmaewmrdkh / oifh udk aumif;aumif;umuG,f apmifh

a@SmufEdkifjuw,f / oifudk,fh [mudk,f bmrSjunfh aep&m rvdkzl; / bmrSvJ udpP@SdrSm r[kwfzl; ? qef;

ju,fusifh pOfusawmh r_zpfzl; / udk,fh [mudk,f umuG,fju&@Smw,f / 'gh ajumifh udk,fh [mudk _rifae&

rS_zpfrSm ? 'gayr,fvdkh tJ[dktcgrSm 'dAýp=KeJh junfh wJh tcg / ta0;junfh rSefa_ymif;eJh junfh

ovdkyJ_zpfaerSm_zpfw,f ? wpfvavmuftwGif; t&mpkwpfck _zpfay:vmwJh aemufrSm / txJudk

_yef0ifa&m ? acgif;xJ _yefa&mufwJhtcg / Þ*ÝD&wHcg;ae&ma_ymif;_cif;ß vdkh ac:w,f ?

_yefoGm;wJh tcgrSmvJ awmifh vdkuf-wif;vdkufeJh[m tcH&cufvdkufwm ra_ymeJh awmh ?

_yD;&if ,dGusif (Yu Zhen) trSwfae&muae wdk;xGufvma&m ? wdk;xGuf&mrSmvJ tifrweftcH&usyfaygh ?

acgif;uGJvkrwwfcHvkduf&wJhaemuf / wcgwnf; xGufvmygava&m / xGufvmw,fqdk&ifyJ wcgwnf;

udk aygh oGm;wmaygh ? xGufvmwJh aemufrSm / tifrwefeufwJh [if;vif;_yifxJrSm wGJavmif;_zpfaea&m ?

tifr wefeufwJh [if;vif;_yifu udk,fcE<mtoGifrSm wnf@Sdaewmrdkh / tdyfwJh tcg bmrS cdk;vdk;ckvk _zpfae

rSm r[kwfzl; ? 'gayr,fvdkh wpfckawmh @Sdw,f / Þ*ÝD&wHcg; ß yxrtjudrf ae&m,lwkef;u / rsufpda@Sh rSm

cHpm;r+@Sdw,f ? ,if;[m 'd_yif[if;vif;_yifrSm _zpfayrJh / rsufpda@Sh rSm wpfckck umaeovdk-r+ef0g;0g;

t_zpfrsdK; cHpm;rdwwfw,f / wpfrsdK;juD; aevdkh raumif;zl; ? ,dGusif trSwfae&m[m tifrwef ta&;ygwJh

*dwf0juD; _zpfwmrdkh / tJ'DrSm vJ t&mpkwpfck _zpfvm&rSm_zpfw,f / ^yD;rS ,if;[mtxJudk_yef0ifoGm;_yef

a&m? 'D Þ*ÝD&wHcg; wpfaygufqdkwmß / pifppf wpfaygufr[kwfzl; ? ,if;[m judrfzefrsm;pGm ae&ma_ymif;

&rSm_zpfw,f ? ÞeD0rfß udk _yefa&mufwJh aemufrSm / p_yD;awmh qif;a&m / udk,fcE<mtxJuae

atmufudkqif;wm / Þrdefh rifß trSwfae&m a&mufwJh txdaygh ? Þrdefh rifß trSwfae&mrSmvJ ,if;u

xGufvm_yefa&m ?

vlhcE<mu Þrdefh rifß trSwfae&m[m tifrwdtifrwef aomhcsuffuswJh y"me'Gg&

juD;_zpfw,f ? Þawmufß 0g'Dwdkh u 'Gg&vdkh ac:_yD; / u|efawmfwdkh u *dwfvdkh ac:w,f ? y"me*dwfjuD;

wpfck_zpfw,f ? wu,fh udk oHwHcg;juD;_zpfw,f ? txyfawG rsm;a_rmifvSwJh oHwHcg;awG _zpfw,f ?

trsm;odwJh twdkif;/ vlhcE<m[m wpfxyfpD wpfv$mpD _zpfw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh ckrHocE<muvmyfpnf;u

wpfxyf / txJu armfvDusL;u wpfxyfaygh ? tEk_rL / y@dkwGef / tDvufx@Gef / twdkif;rodao;vS-

twdkif;rod ao;i,fvS- twdkif; rod ao;zGJvSwJh tEkpdwf_rL wdkh uae tvGeftrif; ao;r#if vSwJh _rLwdkh

txd / rsufESm_yifwdkif;rSmbJ/ wHcg;awG qkdwm wpfxyfpDwpfv$mpDaygh ? 'gajumifh rdkvdkh rsm;a_rmifvSwJh

pGrf;tifawG / a_rmufrsm;vSwJh twwfoabmvdk [mawGqkdwm tJ'D aomh cwfxm;wwJh

153

wHcg;awGxJrSmcsnf;aygh ? 'd_yifusifh enf;awGu "mwfvHk;usifh juw,f ? "mwfvHk; aygufuGJawmh rJh

tcgrSm / OD;pGmyxrtm;_zifh Þrdefh rifß trSwfae&mudkyGifh uGJvmap&rSm_zpfw,f ? Edkh r[kwf&if pGrf;tifawG

xGufvmEdkifrSm r[kwfzl; ? Þ*ÝD&wHcg; ß [m Þrdefh rifß trSwfae&m rSm t&mpk _zpfvmwJh aemufrSm /

0ifoGm;_yefa&m ? 'daemufrSm Adkufatmufydkif;ae&mudk _yefa&mufoGm;rSm _zpfw,f ? tJ'gudk Þ*ÝD&wHcg;

ae&m _yefa&muf_cif;ß vdkh ac:w,f ?

_yefa&muf_cif;vdkh qdk&mrSm / Þ*ÝD&wHcg; ß [m e*dkae&m _yefa&mufwmr[kwfzl; ?

tJ'DtcgrSm / rlvoli,f[m awmfawmfjuD;vm_yD / avylazmif;u rlvoli,fudk tkyfaqmif;tkyfovdk tkyf

xm;vdrfh r,f / xkyfxm;vdrfh r,f ? rlvoli,feJh twl olvJ w_znf;_znf; juD;vmaewmaygh ? Þawmufß

*dk%f;rSm a,bl,stm;_zifh rlvoli,ftaeeJh (6) ESpf (7) ESpfom;t@G,favmuf a&mufwJh tcg / cE<mu

cGmcGifh _yKa&m ? tJ'gudk rlvoli,f zGm;_rif_cif;vdkh ac:w,f ? rlvewf&Jh tkyfxdef;r+t& ol[m xGufv+yf

@Sm;vmEdkifa&m ? vlh cE<mudk ae&mrSmwnf_idrfaeap_cif;tm;_zifh / rlvewfu xGufvmEdkifw,f ?

Ak'<*dk%f;rSm a,bl,stm;_zifh rlvoli,ftaeeJh usifh oludk,fYt&G,favmufxdatmif juD;vmwJh tcg /

t÷&m,fr@Sdawmh zl; ? omreftm;_zifh tJ'DtcgrSm cE<muae t_yifudk xGufcGifh _yKw,f ? rlvoli,f[m

usifh oludk,fY avmufxdatmif juD;vmae_yD _zpfavawmh um / tkyfaqmif;uvJ (0g) Þ*ÝD&wHcg; ß

uvJ cE<mtya&mufatmif juD;vmawmh wmaygh ? rlvoli,fawmifrS ckavmufjuD;vm_yD_zpfavawmh

um / ,if;taeeJh uvJ cE<mtyxdatmif juD;vm&awmh wmaygh ?

trsm;wumwdkh taeeJh ausmif;wkdufawGu bk&m;qif;wkawmfawGudk awGh zl;aumif; awGh

zl;juvdrfh r,f ? bk&m;qif;wkawmfawG[m puf0dkif;twGif;rSmcsnf;_zpfaejuwmudk owdxm;rd

aumif; xm;rdjuvdrfh r,f ? txl;o_zifh bk&m;yHkawmfwdkh [m puf0dkif;awGxJrSmcsnf; a&mufaeju / xdkif

aejuwmudk owd_yKrdaumif; _yKrdjuvdrfh r,f ? bk&m;yHkawmf rsm;pGmwdkh [m tJ'Dvdkcsnf;yJaygh ? txl;

o_zifh a@S;a[mif; ausmif;wkdufawGu bk&m;yHkawmfawG[m tJ'Dtwdkif;csnf;yJaygh ? bm_yKvdkh puf0dkif;xJ

rSm xdkifaeju&wmvJ qkdwmeJh ywfoufvkdh b,fvlrS @Sif;atmifra_ymwwfzl; ? u|efawmfa_ym_yr,f ?

Þ*ÝD&wHcg; ß qdkwm tJ'gaygh ? 'gayr,fvdkh ckawmh Þ*ÝD&wHcg; ß vdkh rac:awmh zl; ? uÝmvdkh ac:w,f/

uÝmvdkh wdwdusus tyfcsrwfcs ac:vdkh vJ r_zpfao;zl; ? ,if; taeeJh u 'DypPnf;ud&d,mom

@Sdaewmudk; ? puf@Hkvdkaygh ypPnf;ud&d,mwpfpHk @Sdaeayr,fh / ukefvkyfpGrf;tm; r@Sdovdk_zpfae&wmaygh ?

pGrf;tifwdkh / ukefjurf;wdkh vJ @SdygrS / ukefxkwfvkyfoGm;EdkifrSm_zpfw,f ? rjumcifESpfrsm;u usifh olrsm;pGm

wdkh u b,fvdka_ymjuovJqdkawmh / Þigu aAm"dowWxuf od'd<_rifh w,f ? igu bk&m;xuf od'<d_rifh

154

w,f ß vdkh qdkjuw,f ? jum;&olawGtzdkh *ÝD&qefvGef;vSaygh ? pifppfola_ymwm/ enf;enf;rS

*ÝD&rqefyg? od'd<wdkh udk avmuDxJrSmuwnf;u tifrwef tqifh _rifh aeatmif wu,fhukd usifh

xm;&rSm _zpfw,f ?

'Dawmh usifh olwdkh taeeJh bk&m;xufawmif _rifh wJh rsdK; b,fh ES,fajumifh ay: vm&

ovJ ? tckvdk tay:,Havmuf em;vnfvdkhawmh r_zpfzl;aygh ? olh od'd<u trSefwu,fh udk odyf_rifh aerSm

_zpfw,f ? 'guawmh w_cm;ajumifh r[kwfzl; / olhtaeeJhusifhwm tifrweftqifh_rifhvmvdkh /

aygufa_rmufvm- w&m;tvif;&vmwJhtcg / od'd<wu,fhudkodyf_rifhaerSm_zpfw,f ? tJ'Dvkdayguf

a_rmufatmif_rifawmhrJhqJqJrSm/ olhod'd<udkolh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;pHE+ef;eJhwpfygwnf; q,fcsdK;@SpfcsdK; csdK;,l

_yD;/ olh 'DuÝmudk-olh 'Dudk,fydkifuÝmudk pGrf;tift_zpf_znfh wif;ay;oGm;&rSm_zpfw,f ? trsm;odwJh

twdkif; / usifh olwdkh &Jh od'd<wdkh / txl;o_zifh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; pHE+ef;wdkh qkdwm[m / wpfoufwmb0c&D

rSm/ qif;&J'k=t00udk ra&rwGufEdkifavmufatmif cHpm;_yD;ygrS / jurf;wrf;cufxefvSwJh ywf0ef; usif

rSm/ trsdK;rsdK; prf;oyfoHcJtwifcHcJh _yD;ygrS &@Sdvmwm_zpfw,f / 'gh ajumifh ,if;wdkh [m tzdk;teË

xdkufwefvS ygayw,f ? olh uÝmudk ckavmuftzdk;xdkufwefvSwmawG q,fcsdK;@SpfcsdK;eJh _znfh

qnf;ay;xm;av awmh um / aygufa_rmufatmif_rifvmwJhwpfaehus&if / bmvdkcsif-vdkcsif / vuf_zefh

vdkuf_yD;a&m ? vdkcsifwm &ovdk-vkyfcsifwmvJ vkyfvdkh &vmaygh ? olh uÝmxJrSm bmrqdk @Sdaygh ? 'gu

olh wefcdk;â'd<yg'fawGudk; / udk,fh [mudk,f qif;&J'k=cHusifh &if; &xm;wmawGudk; ?

ckvdkpGrf;tifrsKd;[m bmrqdk pdwfjudKufzefwD;vdkh &wmrdkh / bk&m;taeeJh bmvdkcsif-vdkcsif /

bmpm;csif-pm;csif / bmupm;csif-upm;csif / tukef_ynfh pHk_yD;om;csnf;aygh ? 'gu olh [mol usifh vdkh

&xm;wmawG udk; / Ak'<tqifh ae&mudk; / 'gawGr@Sd&if aygufa_rmufatmif_rifEdkifrSm r[kwfzl;av ?

tJ'Dtcgus&if / ,if;udk olh udk,fydkifuÝmvdkh ac:Edkif_yD ? rdrdusifh pOf _yD;_ynfh pHka&;-w&m;awmf&if0,f

&@Sda&;wdkhudk usefwJh pGrf;tif q,fcsdK;ESpfcsdK;eJh quf _yD;usifh oGm;&rSm _zpfw,f ? q,fcsdK;ESpfcsdK;om

usefayr,fh / cE<mudk,fudkaomhcwfrxm;awmhzl;av / ^yD;awmhudk,fcE<mudk aqmifxm;vJ&w,f /

aqmifrxm;vJ &w,f ? aqmifaqmif-raqmifaqmif / cE<mudk,fudk pGrf;tif_rifh 0wÔKawGeJh wpf_zpf_yD;

ae_yD_zpfvdkh / bkef;wefcdk;awmf te÷ _yvmEdkifae_yDaygh ? omrefvlawGjum;rSm usifh aewkef;uawmh aomh

cwfxm;&vdkh / tpGrf;tp b,fhavmufrS&Sdwmr[kwfzl; ? od'd<qkd&ifvJ b,fh avmuf_rifhaeae / tcsKyf

t_c,f cHae&wmcsnf;_zpfw,f / ckawmh rwlawmh bl;aygh ?

155

yór ydkh cscsuf

"rRpjum yHkoGif

u|efawmfwdkh "rRpjumw&m;awmfjuD;&Jh trSwfoauFw[m "rRpjum_zpfw,f ? 'D"rRpjum

[m vnfaewm / u|efawmfwdkh "rRpjumwHqdyfuav;vJ vnfaewm qdkwmudk pGrf;tif @Sdolwdkh awGh

ju&rSm_zpfw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh u pjum0Vm&Jh opPm-arwWm-c÷D qdkwJh xl; eJh tnD/ u|efawmfwdkh &Jh usifh

juHtm;xkwfr+udk vrf;!$efaewm _zpfw,f ? pjum0Vm zGHh _zdK;&ifh oefa&; oabm w&m;t& usifh

aewmrdkh / u|efawmfwdkh usifh wm tifrwefh udk juD;rm;vSygayw,f ? wpfpHk wpfckaom t"dÑm,ft&

a_ym&&if / 'D"rRpjum yHk[m pjum0Vm&Jh tusOf;csHKh yHki,f_zpfw,f ? Ak'<*dk%f;u q,frsufESm uÝmukd

pjum0VmcH,lcsuft_zpfvufcHxm;w,f / av;rsufESm-@SpfbufeJh &Spf&yfaygh / olh tay:eJh atmufu

pGrf;&nfwdkifudk wcsKdhu _rifaumif;_rifjuvdrfh r,f ? tay:eJh atmufyg xnfhwGuf&if / q,frsufESmuÝm

twdukd_zpfvmaygh / 'Dpjum0Vm _zpfvmaygh ? ,if;u Ak'<*dk%f;&Jh pjum 0Vm tusOf;csKyf cH,lcsufudk

udk,fpm;_yKaew,f ?

rSefw,f / 'Dpjum0VmrSm u|efawmfwdkh &Jh e*g;aiGh wef; ju,fpkjuD; tygt0if-ju,fpkawG

qkdwm 'keJha'; aygh ? pjum0VmjuD; wpfckvHk;[m v+yf@Sm;aew,f ? pjum0VmjuD; wpfckvHk;u ju,fpkawG

tm;vHk;vJ v+yf@Sm;aejuwmcsnf; _zpfw,f ? 'gajumifh rdkvdkh 'DyHkxJu ÞxdkufusDß yHkeJh uav;wdkh vJ

vnfaejuwmyJ / "rRpjum wpfckvHk;vJ vnfaewmyJ ? tv,f u juD;vJ vnfaewmyJ ?

wpfpHkwpfckaom oabmt& a_ym&&if/ 'gu u|efawmfwdkh e*g;aiGh wef; ju,fpk juD;udk

o@kyfaqmifaew,f ? wpfcsdefwnf;rSm u|efawmfwdkh u Ak'<*dk%f;rdkvdkh / A[dkrSmu Ak'<*dk%f;&Jh

oauFw_zpfw,f / 'gu tay:,Huae _rif&wm ? t&mcyfodrf;wdkh [m wpf_cm;[if;vif;_yifawGrSmvJ

wnf@Sdr+oÐmefawG @Sdaejuwmrdkh / 'd_yif[if;vif;_yifawGrSmqdk&if / tifrwef axG_ym;pHkvif / tifrwef

@+yfaxG;wJh zGHh^zdK;&ifhoefa&;_zpfpOfeJh wnfaer+oÐmefawG @Sdaejuwmcsnf; _zpfw,f ? 'D"rRpjumyHk[m

pjum0Vm&Jh tusOf;csHKh yHki,f_zpfw,f ? ol[m 'd_yif[if;vif;_yifawGrSmvJ olh &Jh wnf@Sdaer+toGif

oémef wdkh / zGHh^zdK;&ifhoefa&; _zpfpOfwdkh @SdaewmyJ / 'ghajumifh uÝmwpf&yfvdkh u|efawmfuqkdwm ?

"rRpjumtaeeJh em&DvufwHtwdkif; vnfwJh tcg / pjum0VmtwGif;u pGrf;tifawGudk

tvdktavsmuf pkwf,lEdkif_yD; / em&DvufwHa_ymif;_yeftwdkif;vnfwJh tcg / pGrf;tifawGudk xkwfv$wfEdkif

w,f ? twGif;buf (em&DvufwHtwdkif;) vnf&mrSm udk,fh udkudk,f u|wfvGwfa&; / t_yifbuf

156

(em&DvufwH a_ymif;_yeftwdkif;) vnf&mrSm wpfyg;ol u|wfvGwfa&;[m / u|efawmfwdkh 'Dusifh pOf&Jh

xl;_cm;csuf _zpfw,f ? wcsdKh u qdkw,f ? Þu|efawmfwdkh u Ak'<*dk%f; r[kwfvm; ? b,fh ES,fajumifh

xdkufusD ygae&ovJ ? xdkufusD qdkwmu Þawmufß *dk%f;u r[kwfvm; ß wJh ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh /

u|efawmfwdkh usifh wmu odyfjuD;avawmh / pjum0VmjuD; wpfckvHk;udk usifh &musaevdkh _zpfw,f ?

'Dawmh pOf;pm;junfh juprf;yg / 'Dpjum0VmrSm Ak'<*dk%f;eJh Þawmufß *dk%f;qdkwJh *dk%f;juD;ESpf*dk%f;

yg0ifaew,f ? wpf*dk%f;*dk%f;udk y,fvdkuf&if / _yD;_ynfh pHkwJh pjum0Vm [kwfEdkifrSm r[kwfawmh zl; ?

_yD;_ynfh pHkwJh pjum0Vmvdkh ac:EdkifrSmvJ r[kwfawmh zl; ? 'gajumifh rdkvdkh u|efawmfwdkh txJrSm Þawmufß

*dk%f;u[mvJ ygaewm_zpfw,f ? wcsdKh uvJ qdkw,f ? Þawmufß *dk%f;wifb,furvJ c&pf,mef

bmomwdkh / uGef_zL;@Syfbmomwkdh tp@SdwJh 'd_yifbmomawGvJ @Sdao;w,f r[kwfvm; ß wJh ?

u|efawmfa_ym_y r,f / uGef_zL;@SyfbmomtaeeJh tifrwef_rifh wJh tqifh xdatmif usifh yGm;rdvmwJh tcg/

Þawmufß *dk%f;rSm tusHK;0if_yD; / taemufwkdif;bmomrsm;pGmwdkh taeeJh vJ / tqifh _rifh xdatmif usifh

yGm;rdvmwJh tcg / Ak'<*dk%f; rSm tusHK;0ifygava&m / Ak'<*dk%f; trsdK;tpm;xJu _zpfygava&m ? ckvdk

*dk%f;juD;ESpf*dk%f;om @Sdaewm _zpfw,f ?

'g_zpf&if / bm_yKvdkh ÞxdkufusDß yHkESpfcku tay:uteD-atmufut_ym _zpfae&_yD; /

aemufESpfckuawmh tay:uteD-atmufu teufa&mif _zpfae&ovJ ? u|efawmfwdkh a,bl,stm;_zifh

em;vnfxm;juwmuawmh / ÞxdkufusDß qdkwm[m t_zL-trJ 0wÔKESpfrsdK;eJh _zpfwnfaewmaygh ? zdk-r

"mwf ESpfrsdK;av ? 'gu tifrwefwdrfwJh tqifh u em;vnfr+_zpfw,f ? ÞxdkufusDß taeeJh rwlwJh

[if;vif;_yifawGrSm rwlwJh ay:vGifr+ @Sdaewm _zpfw,f ? t_rifh qHk;tqifh u / olh ta&mif uawmh

ckvdkaygh ? u|efawmfwdkh a,bl,s em;vnfxm;juwJh Þawmufß qdkwmu / tay:u teDa&mif /

atmufu teufa&mif _zpfw,f ? Oyrmqdkygawmh / u|efawmfwdkh usifh olwcsdKh [m 'dAýp=K yGifh

aejuw,f ? rsufpdeJh _rif&wJh teDa&mif[m / wpfqifh omuGmwJh 'd_yif[if;vif;_yifusawmh tpdrf;a&mif

_zpfaewmudk olwdkh awGh ju&w,f ? a@$a&mifqdk&ifvJ c&rf;a&mif _zpfaew,fwJh ? ckvdk uGm_cm;csuf&Sd

aevdkh / ta&mifawG[mvJ rwlwJh [if;vif;_yifawGrSm ta_ymif;tvJ _zpfukefjuwm _zpfw,f ?

txufeDatmuf_ym ÞxdkufusDß [m /qef;ju,fusifh pOf tygt0if-tvsiftOD; Þawmufß r[mrSm

tusHK;0ifaewm _zpfw,f ? av;rsufESmu uav;awGuawmh Ak'<*dk%f;u _zpfw,f / tv,fu[meJh

twlwlaygh / Ak'<*dk%f;ucsnf;aygh ? 'D"rRpjum[m ta&miftqif;tawmfuav; @$ef;@$ef;awmufaewmyJ /

u|efawmfwdkh u "rRpjumw&m;awmfjuD;&Jh oauFwt_zpf oHk;aejuw,f ?

157

u|efawmfwdkh 'dAýp=KeJh _rif&wJh "rRpjum[m ckvdkta&mifrsdK; [kwfcsifrS[kwfrSm ?

atmufcHta&mif a_ymif;csifa_ymif;vdrfh r,f / yHkuawmh a_ymif;rSm r[kwfzl; ? oifwdkh Adkufatmufydkif;rSm

u|efawmfcsay;xm;wJh "rRpjumawGudk 'dAýp=KeJh _rif&wJh tcg / teDa&mif-c&rf;a&mif- tpdrf;a&mif

_zpfap / ta&mifrJh _zpfap / _zpfaumif;_zpfvdrfh r,f ? atmufcHta&mif[m teDa&mif-vdarRmfa&mif-

t0ga&mif-tpdrf;a&mif-rdk;_yma&mif-t_yma&mif-c&rf;a&mif ponf_zifh trsdK;rsdK;a_ymif;aevdrfh r,f ?

'ghajumifh oif_rifae&wmawG[m 'd_yif ta&mifawG_zpfaumif; _zpfaevdrfh r,f ? 'gayrJh txJu

wdkh / xdkufusD wdkh &Jh ta&mifeJh yHkwdkh uawmh a_ymif;rSm r[kwfzl; ? 'DyHk&Jh atmufcHta&mif[m

tawmfuav; junfh aumif;w,fxifvdkh u|efawmfwdkh u yHkaot_zpf xm;vdkufjuwm _zpfw,f ?

pGrf;tif@Sdolwdkh taeeJh 'Dtv$m[if;vif;_yifukdazmufxGif;^yD; rsm;a_rmifvSwJh t&mawGudk awGh

Edkif_rifEdkifjuayw,f ?

wcsdKh uqdkjuw,f / Þ 'D oauFw[m [pfwvmh [meJh wlw,f ß wJh ?

u|efawmfa_ym_yr,f ? 'DoauFwtom;udk,fYu vlwef;pm; t,ltq bmrSr@Sdzl; ? wcsdKh uvJ Þ'Da'gifh

udk 'Dbufapmif;vdkuf&if [pfwvmh [maygh ß vdkh qdkw,f ? 'DrSmrwnfzl; / ESpfzufpvHk;yJ vnfaewm udk;?

u|efawmfwdkh vlh tzGJh tpnf;taeeJh 'DoauFwudk vGefcJh wJh ESpfaygif; ESpfaxmifh ig;&mavmufqDu p_yD;

us,fus,f_yefh _yefh odvmcJh juwm_zpfw,f? &SifawmfousrkedacwfavmufqDu p^yD; odvmcJhju

wmaygh ? [pfwvmuawmh 'kwd,uÝmppftwGif;urS_zpfw,f ? cktxdygrS q,fpkESpftrsm;avmufyJ@Sd

ao;w,f ? olu tvGJoHk;pm;vkyfwm ? ^yD;awmh / olh ta&mifu u|efawmfwdkh eJh rwlzl; / teufa&mifvJ

_zpfw,f ? a'gifh pGef;udk tay:bufxm;_yD; / rwfwwft_zpfeJh oHk;wm_zpfw,f ? 'D"rRpjumeJh ywfoufvdkh

'davmufyJ a_ymawmh r,f / olh tay:,H oÐmefavmufudkom a_ymcJh wm ?

'Dawmh 'D oauFwudk u|efawmfwdkh Ak'<*dk%f;u b,fvdk_rifxm;ovJ ? usufoa&

r*Fvmtaygif;eJh _ynfh pHk_cif;vdkh wcsdKh uqdkw,f / 'gu omrefvlawGjum;u t"dÑm,f@Sif;csuf _zpfw,f ?

u|efawmfa_ym_yr,f / [m bk&m;tqifh &Jh oauFw _zpfw,f / bk&m;tqifh a&mufygrSom

@Sdw,f ? aAm"dowWeJh &[÷mwdkh rSm r@Sdzl; ? 'gayr,fh aAm"dowWjuD;awGeJh aAm"dowWjuD;av;OD;wdkh

usawmh @Sdjuw,f ?tJ 'DaAm"dowWjuD;awG[m omrefbk&m;awGxuf tyHkjuD; tqifh omaewmudk /

wxm*wawGxufvJ omaewmudk u|efawmfwdkh awGh ju&w,f ? wxm*w tqifh xuf omvGefwJh

bk&m;awGqdkwm toacsFte÷aygh ? wxm*wtqifh rSm oauFaw wpfckyJ @Sdw,f ? wxm*w

tqifh xufomvGefwJh tcg / trSwfv=%mawG rsm;vma&m ? wxm*wxuf wpfqom

158

&if ESpfckay:vma&m ? xyf_yD;om&if oHk;ck-av;ck-ig;ck .... ponf_zifh ay:vma&m ? wcsdKh qkd&if

wudk,fvHk;_ynfhvkdhaygh ? acgif;wkdh / ycHk;wkdh / 'l;acgif;wdkh rSmay:vmrSm_zpfw,f ? ravmufao;&if

vufz0g;awG / vufacsmif;awG / a_cz0g;awG / a_cacsmif;awGrSmvJ ay:vmrSm _zpfw,f ? tqifh _rifh

vmwmeJh tr# / awG rsm;onfxufrsm;vmrSm _zpfw,f ? 'gajumifh rdkvdkh [m bk&m;&Jh tqifh udk

udk,fpm;_yKaewm_zpfw,f ? bk&m;&Jh tqifh _rifh av / awGvJ rsm;av aygh ?

qef;ju,fusifh pOf

Ak'<*dk%f;eJh Þawmufß *dk%f;wdkh uvGJvdkh / qef;ju,f*dk%f;wpf&yfvJ @Sdw,f ? olwdkh [m

olwdkh uawmh qef;ju,fusifh pOfvdkh ac:w,f ? usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&;eJh ywfoufvdkh / a@S;acwfuae

cktxd / omrefvlwdkh taeeJh ckvdk _rifxm;wwfjuw,f ? Ak'<*dk%f;eJh Þawmufß *dk%f;wdkh udk trsm;u

vufcHxm;wJh t,lrSefusifh yGm;a&;vdkh cH,lju_yD; / usifh pOfrSefvdkh ac:juw,f ? 'Dqef;ju,fusifh

pOfuawmh b,fwkef;urS vloday;wm r[kwfvdkh / olwdkh tajumif;odol odyf@Sm;aygh ? tEkpmaywdkh

uae jum;zl;@Hk avmufyJ@Sdw,f ?

qef;ju,fusifh pOfqdkwm @Sdvm; ? @Sdw,f ? u|efawmfh usifh juH_zpfpOfrSm / txl;o_zifh

aemufydkif;ESpfrsm;rSm / qef;ju,fusifh pOfu ykídKvfxl;oHk;OD;eJh juHKcJh &w,f ? olwdkh *dk%f;u taumif;qHk;

tqDtESpf tzl;t!$efh wdkh udk &uf&ufa&ma&m _yay;juw,f ? pHzufuif;ayh / aumif;ayh qdkwmawGudk

q&mpm;rcsef _yay;juw,f ? olwdkh [mawGu pHzufuif;vSwmuwpfajumif; / usifh vdkh ay:vmwm

awGu qkd&ifvJ odyfxl;qef;wmuwpfajumif;ajumifh / a,bl,stm;_zifh em;rvnfEdkifjuzl; ?

'Djum;xJrSm / rdrdwdkh [m Ak'<*dk%f;vJr[kwf / Þawmufß *dk%f;vJ r[kwf / Ak'<vJrusifh-Þawmufß vJ rusifh

vdkh qdkvdkufjuao;w,f ? Ak'<vJrusifh -Þawmufß vJ rusifhvdkh qdkawmh / vlawGu olwdkh udk

Þab;wHcg;-vuf0Jvrf; ß vdkh ac:juww,f? olwdkh [m olwdkh uawmh qef;ju,fusifh pOfvdkh

ac:juw,ffaygh ? Þab;wHcg;-vuf0Jvrf; ß vdkh ac:&mrSm / ESdrfh cswJh oabmygayrJh / tysuf

oabmawmh rygzl; / rdðmusifh pOfvdkh qdkvdk&mruszl; / 'guawmh usdef;aoaygh ? pum;vHk;t&

em;vnfOD;awmh rdðmusifh pOf qdkwJh t"dÑm,frygzl; ? ordkif;pOfwpfav#mufrSm / Ak'<*dk%f;eJh Þawmufß

*dk%f;udk usifh pOfrSefvdkh ac:ju w,f? olwdkh vdk usifh pOfudk trsm;u rodjuao;avawmh / olwdkh udk

159

ab;wHcg;vdkh ac:juwwmaygh ? usifh pOfrSef r[kwfzl; / ab;uwHcg; qdkwJh oabmaygh ?

vuf0Jvrf;qdkwmuaum ? vuf0Jqdkwmu EHkw,fqdkwJh oabm / EHkwJh vrf;qdkwJh oabmaygh ?

vuf0Jqdkwm w@kwfa@S;a[mif; a0g[m&xJrSm / EHkt_cif;vdkh t"dÑm,fzGifh avh @Sdw,f ? Þab;wHcg; /

vuf0Jvrf; ß qdkwm 'Doabmaygh ?

,if;[m bm_yKvdkh rdðmusifh pOfr[kwf&ovJ ? olwdkh taeeJh uvJ pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;udk

juyfjuyfryfryf awmif;qdkjuw,f / pjum0Vm*k%fowdWxl;eJh tnD usifh juw,f ? pjum0Vm*k%fowWd

xl;wdkh -pjum0Vmed,mrwdkh udk azmufzsuf_cif; r_yKjuzl; ? raumif;wmawGvJ rvkyfjuzl; ? 'gajumifh

rdkvdkh olwdkh udk rdðmusifh pOfvdkh qdkvdkh r_zpfzl; ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh u|efawmfwdkh 'Dpjum0Vm*k%fowdWxl;

taeeJh Ak'<*dk%f; / Þawmufß *dk%f;wdkh &Jh usifh pOfeJh udkufnDvdkh r[kwfyJ / 'D*dk%f;ESpf*dk%f;&Jh usifh pOfwdkh taeeJh

pjum0Vm*k%fowdWxl;eJh udkufnDvdkh omw&m;ppf w&m;rSef_zpfae&wmudk; ? qef;ju,fusifh pOf taeeJh

vJ 'Dpjum 0Vm *k%fodwdWxl;eJh udkufnD&if / rdðmusifh pOfr[kwfyJ / usifh pOfrSef _zpf&rSmaygh ? bm_yKvdkh

vJqdkawmh / taumif;-tqdk; / t_rwf-t,kwf wdkh udk csdefxdk;wJh pHE+ef;[m pjum0Vm*k%fowdWxl; _zpfvdkh

udk; ? qef;ju,fusifh pOftaeeJh vJ pjum0Vm*k%fowdWxl;eJh tnD usifh wmrdkh / usifh pOfrSefvdkh qdk&rSm_zpf

w,f ? olwdkh &Jh xl;_cm;csufu Ak'<*dk%f; / Þawmufß *dk%f;wdkh eJh rwlwm wpfckyJuGmwmaygh ? _yD;awmh /

olwdkh u wynfh awGudk enf;enf;yg;yg;yJ vufcHw,f / rsm;rsm;pm;pm; vufrcHjuzl; ? Þawmufß

*dk%f;qdk&ifvJ / wynfh awG trsm;juD; vufcH&mrSm / wpfa,mufwnf;udkom wu,foifay;wm ?

Ak'<*dk%f;uawmh owW0g taygif; tu|wfw&m;&a&;udk ar#mfudk;wmrdkh / usifh csifolrSef&ifvm_yD;awmh

omusifh juayawmh ?

qef;ju,fusifh pOftaeeJh t@dkuft&m qufcHa&;rSmawmifrS ESpfa,mufoifray;zl; ?

tawmf@SnfjuwJh ordkif;umvwpfckrSmrS / wpfa,mufavmufa@G;_yD; vufqifh urf;wm_zpfw,f ?

'gajumifh rdkvdkh wpfav#mufvHk; omrefvlwdkh taeeJh olwdkh udk rawGh zl; r_rifzl;jubl; ? rSefw,f / tcdk;usifh

pOfusifh&Sdef_rifh aewkef;u tJ'D*dk%f;u vlwcsdKh taeeJh vJ oif_yay;vmjuwmudk u|efawmfawGh &w,f ?

'gayr,fvdkh oif&if; oif&if;eJh oifvdkh r_zpfwmudk olwdkh awGh vm&w,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh wcsdKh

[mudk q&mocifu oifcGifh r_yKyJudk; ? oifay;bdkh juH&if wynfh a@G;aevdkh r_zpfawmh zl; ? vmjuol

awG[m pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;csif; wljuwm r[kwfzl; ? tawG;t_riftrsdK;rsdK; / vltrsdK;rsdK; _zpfjuwmrdkh /

wynfh oGm;a@G;aevdkh b,f_zpfawmh rvJ ? 'gajumifh rdkvdkh qef;ju,fusifh pOftaeeJh _yefh yGm;zdkh cufw,f /

t÷&m,f yGm;vG,fw,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh olh [mu xl;vGef;vdkh ?

160

wcsdKh u pOf;pm;juw,f / Ak'<*dk%f;u bk&m;usifh w,f ? Þawmufß *dk%f;u vltppfusifh

w,f / qef;ju,f*dk%f;usawmh aygufa_rmufatmif_rifwJh wpfaeh us&if bm_zpfvmrvJwJh ? pjum0Vm

xJrSm e,fy,ftwnfwus r@SdyJ / OD;wnf &m vSnfh vnfoGm;vmaerSm _zpfwJh wudk,f&nf ewfbk&m;

_zpfvmrSm _zpfw,f ? trsm;odwJh twdkif; / wxm*w @SifawmfpjumrkedtaeeJh o[uÝm-trdwmb

bk&m;@SiftaeeJh te÷okcuÝm-@Sifawmfaboì*k@k taeeJh a0æK&d,uÝmwdkh @Sdaejuw,f ?

wxm*w@Sifawmfwdkh _zpfap / bk&m;@Sif udk,fawmf_rwfjuD;awG _zpfap / udk,fydkifuÝmawG udk,fpD@Sdae

ju wmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? Om%fawmf@Sif juD;wdkif;wdkh [m rdrdwdkh bmom wnfaqmufxm;wJh uÝmawG@Sdae

ju _yD; / om;wynfh aygif; a_rmufrsm;pGm wdkh eJh twlae aejuw,f ? qef;ju,f*dk%f;uawmh

pjum0VmxJrSm e,fy,ftwnfwus r@SdyJ OD;wnf&m vSnfh vnfoGm;vmaerSm _zpfwJh ewfbk&m; _zpfap /

wudk,f&nf ewfbk&m; _zpfap / _zpfvmrSm _zpfw,f ?

rdðm usifh enf;usifh _cif;

rdðmusifh enf;usifh_cif;qdkwm bmvJ ? ckvdkyHkoÐmefwcsKdhwav&Sdw,f ? vlwpfrsdK;uqdk

&if rdðmusifh enf;udkrS txl;wvnf pGJusifh juw,f / bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh ,if;udkvJ ordkif;wpfav#muf

vHk; vufqifhurf;ol@Sdvdkh _zpfw,f ? bm_zpfvkdhtJ'Dvkd_zpf&ovJ ? 'Dvkdvlpm;rsKd;awG[m omrefvlawG

jum;u *k%fyumoewdkh / udk,fusKd;wdkh / Oçm"ewdkhudk rufjuvdkh udk; ? rSefw,f olwdkh taeeJh pdwf&nfpdwf

aoG; r_rifh vdkh / pGrf;tif&jurSm r[kwfzl; ? 'Dawmh bm&rvJ / 0ãfajuG;uHajuG;awG &vdrfh r,f ? vlwkdhwkdh&Jh

tukodkvfawG xkxnfjuD;vmwJh tcgrsKd;rSmvJ / pGrf;tifwpfrsdK; _zpfvmEdkifw,f ? 'gayr,fvdkh tqifh r@Sdzl;

/ usifh olwdkh udk r,SOfEdkifayr,fh / omrefvlawGudkawmh tcsKyftxdef; vkyfEdkifjuw,f ? bm_yKvdkh

vJqdkawmh 'grsKd;awG[mvJ pGrf;tif&Jh ay:vGifr+_zpfwmrdkh / odyfonf;qtifrwefjuD;vmwJh tcg / vlh

cE<mudk,fu pGrf;tifudk _ynfhwif;vmaprSm_zpfwJhtav#muf / ckvkdtusKd;oGm;ay:apEkdifrSmrkdhvkdh_zpfw,f ?

'gajumifh ,if;udk wpfav#mufvHk; vufqifhurf;vmcJh ju wm_zpfw,f ? Þig raumif;wm vkyf&if / qJ&if

pGrf;tifwufwmyJ ß vdkh wcsdKh u qdkw,f ? olpGrf;tif wufwm r[kwfzl; ? pifppfawmh um ckvdk

trJxnfawG&Jh odyfonf;qudk tm;_znfh ay;wm _zpfw,f ? raumif;wm vkyfwJh tcg / trJxnf_zpfwJh

tukodkvf &Edkifvdkh udk; ? 'gajumifh rdkvdkh yifukd,fygpGrf;tifuav;enf;enf;ukd / ckvdk tukodkvfwdkh &Jh

161

tm;_znfh ay;r+t& / pGrf;tifuav; enf;enf;avmuf _zpfay:vmaprSm _zpfw,f ? 'gayr,fvdkh

bmwpfckrS _zpf_zpfa_rmufa_rmuf vkyfEdkifrSm r[kwfzl; ? raumif;wm vkyf&ifvJ pGrf;tifwufEdkifwmyJvdkh

tJ'Dvdk vlrsdK;awGu xifaejuw,f ? olwdkh uawmh tJ'Dvdk a_ymaeju wmaygh av ?

ÞÞawmufßu wpfay _rifh vm&if / raumif;qdk;0g;u q,fay_rifh vma&m ß vdkh wcsdKh u

qdkjuw,f ? 'guomrefvlawGjum;u t,lvGJr+ wpf&yf_zpfw,f ? raumif;qdk;0g;awGqdkwm b,fawmh

rS Þawmufß xuf _rifh rSm r[kwfzl; ? ckvdk _zpf&yfwpf&yf @Sdw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh vlom;awG em;vnfwJh

pjum0Vmqdkwm / ra&rwGufEdkifavmufatmif rsm;_ym;vSwJh pjum0VmawGxJu wpfckom _zpfw,f ?

u|efawmfwdkh u pjum0Vmvdkh twdkaumuf ac:aejuw,f ? ESpfy&dað'jumanmif;vSwJh acwfumv

wpfckudk _zwfoef;_yD;wdkif; / u|efawmfwdkh 'Dpjum0Vm[m uyfqdkufr+juD;wpf&yfeJh juHK&avh @Sdw,f ?

_*dKvfawG / ouf@SdawG tygt0if pjum0VmtwGif;@Sd t&mcyfodrf;wdkh [m 'DuyfjuD;xJrSm tukefysufpD;

ukefjuw,f ? pjum0Vmwdkh [mvJ ed,mrw&m;eJh tnD v+yf@Sm;aejuwm _zpfw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh 'Dwpf

csDpjum0VmrSmqkd&ifvJ / vlom;awGom qkd;vmaeju / ysufpD;vmaejuwm r[kwfzl; / ouf@Sdrsm;pGmwdkh

taeeJh vJ ta_ctaewpf&yfudk _rifaeju&_yD _zpfw,f ? rsufarSmufudkyJ qdkjuygpdkh / 'Dpjum0Vm

[if;vif;_yifxJrSm rqGuwnf;u aygufuGJr+juD; _zpf_yD;ae_yD ? cke=wf ynm@Sifwdkh r_rifju&ao;wm

w_cm;ajumifh r[kwfzl; ? cku|efawmfwdkh tm;taumif;qHk; ta0;junfh rSefa_ymif;juD;eJh _rifae&wm

awG[m vGefcJh wJh tvif;ESpf (150,000) avmufqDu[mawG _zpfaevdkh udk; ? vuf@Sd pjum0Vmxkxnf

juD;&Jh a_ymif;vJr+udk _rifcsifaomf / aemuftvif;ESpfaygif; (150,000)avmuf jumrS awGh &EdkifrSm

_zpfw,f / ESpfy&dað'jumanmif;vSygayh ?

rsufarSmuftcsdefrSm / pjum0VmjuD; wpfckvHk; juD;pGmaom a_ymif;vJr+ _zpfyGm;ae_yD ? ckvdk

a_ymif;vJr+_zpfwdkif;-_zpfwdkif; / pjum0VmjuD;wpfckvHk;u ouf@SdawG[m tukefysufokOf;ukefwwfju

w,f ? vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm; ysufokOf;ukefwwfjuw,f ? ckvdk t_zpfrsdK;juHKwdkif; / pjum0Vmu t&if*k%f

owWdxl;awGudka&m / txJu @kyf0wÔKawGudkyg tukef azmufcGJypf&w,f ? a,bl,stm;_zifh tukefao

ukefa&m ? 'gayr,fvdkh tjudrfjudrfwdkif;rSmyJ wpfa,mufrusef aoukefwmrsdK;&,fvdkh csnf;awmh r[kwf

zl;? pjum0Vmopfudk tvGeftrif; tqifh _rifh vSwJh Om%fawmf@SifjuD;awGu _yefzefwD;vdkufjuwJh tcg /

@Sifaeao;olwcsdKh usefaewwfw,f ? 'Dpjum0Vmudk Om%fawmf@SifjuD;awGu rdrdwdkh &Jh *k%fowdWxl; /

rdrdwdkh &Jh pHE+ef;t& zefwD;vdkufwmrdkh / t&ifu pjum0Vm&Jh *k%fowdWeJhuGJ_ym;_cm;em; aewwfw,f ?

162

raoyJ usef&pfolwdkh u e*dk*k%fowdWxl; / e*dk w&m;oabmtwdkif; quf_yD; vkyfjuudkif

juw,f ? topfzefwD;vdkufwJh pjum0Vmu pjum0Vmopf&Jh *k%fowdWxl;-w&m;oabmtopfwdkh eJh

tnD vkyfudkifaqmif@Gufaew,f ? 'gajumifh raoyJ usef&pfolawG[m pjum0Vmw&m;oabmudk

taESmifh t,Suf_yK&muswJh raumif;qdk;0g;awG _zpfvma&m ? 'gayr,fvdkh olwdkh [m 'davmufqdk;wm

r[kwfzl; / _yD;oGm;wJh pjum0Vm&Jh *k%fowdWxl;twdkif; vkyfudkifaqmif@Gufae_cif;om _zpfw,f ? vlawG

a_ymjuwJh tmumraumif;qdk;0g;qdkwm 'gaygh ? 'gayr,fvdkh olwdkh [m omrefvlawGtzdkh bmrS t÷&m,f

r_zpfzl; / bmrSvJ 'k=ray;juzl; / olwdkh [molwdkh e*dk w&m;oabmtwdkif; vkyfae_cif;om _zpfw,f ?

t&ifu 'DudpPudk omrefvlawGudk todray;zl; ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f / wxm*wxuf tyHkjuD;tqifh _rifh

wJh bk&m;awGqdkwm 'keJha';aygh ? raumif;qdk;0g;qdkwm bmrdkvdkh vJ / ,SOfvdkuf&if tifrwefh tifrwefudk

i,fwm ? tdk-em-ao qdkwm[mvJ raumif;qdk;0g; wpfrsdK;aygh ? 'gayr,fh 'g[mvJ pjum0Vm*k%fowdW

xl; xdef;odrf;a&;twGuf aygufyGm;vm&wm _zpfw,f ?

Ak'<bmomxJrSm oHo&mudk ,Hkjuw,f / tol&m_y\emtajumif;udk xkwfa_ymwwfju

w,f ? pifppf rwlwJh [if;vif;_yifu owW0g_zpfw,f ? 'gayr,fh vlh ADZeJh r_ynfh pHkzl; ? Om%fawmf@SifjuD;

awG tzdkh qdk&if / ,if;wdkh [m tvGefwpf&m-tvGefwpf&m tqifh edrfh wm / txl;wvnf t_zpfr@Sdwm ?

'gayr,fh omrefvlawGtzdkh awmh ajumufp&maygh / ,if;wdkh u pGrf;tiftoifh twifh @Sdjuwmudk; ?

omrefvlawGudk wd&ðmefvdk oabmxm;juw,f / vlom;judKufjuw,f ? 'DESpftwGif;rSm ,if;wdkh uvJ

tcdk;usifh pOf oifay;vmjuw,f ? ,if;wdkh u bmOçmawGrdkvdkh vJ ? vleJh wlEdkifygh rvm; /

ajumufp&mjuD;awG ? olwdkh [mawGudk oif,lrd&if / olwdkh qDvdkufoGm;_yD; / olwdkh eJh twl

Zmwfwl_zpf&rSm_zpfw,f ? tcdk;usifh pOf usifh &if; pdwful;vGJ_yD; ,if;wdkh tawG;eJh oGm;[yfrd&if / oifh udk

vmoifay;juvdrfh r,f ? ÞorRmwpfcku 'kp@dkufwpf&mudk atmifEdkifw,fß ? oifh taeeJh om rruf&if

b,fvlrS oifh udk xd0Hh rSm r[kwfzl;? oifh taeeJh rormpdwfay:vm / raumif;wm wyfrufvm&if

/ ,if;wdkh u oifh udk vmuljuawmh rSm _zpfw,f / oifvJ rdðmvrf;ay: a&mufoGm;&awmh rSm _zpfw,f ?

ckvdk _y\em ay:vmrSm _zpfw,f ?

aemuft_zpfwpfrsdK; @Sdao;w,f / rdðmusifh enf;udk rodvdkufrodbmom usifh rd_cif;

_zpfw,f ? b,fvdkvJ qdkawmh rodwJh ta_ctaerSm rdðmusifh enf;udk usifh rdwm _zpfw,f ?'DvdkudpP

rsdK;awGqdkwm odyft_zpfrsm;wm / rsm;vGef;vdkufwm ra_ymeJh awmh ? u|efawmf[dkaeh u a_ymcJh ovdk /

163

vlrsm;pGmwdkh [m usifh &mrSm tawG;tac: rrSefjuzl; ? rwfwyf usifh uGuf usifh wmukdjunfhav /

yifyef;vdkh a_cawGvufawGawmif wkefwkef&if&if _zpfvmae_yD / OD;aESmufuawmh em;&w,fvdkh udk r@Sdzl;?

Þukefaps;awG wufawmh r,f / enf;enf;avmuf oGm;0,fxm;OD;rS / usifh _yD;&if oGm;0,frS / Edkh r[kwf &if

aps;wufukefawmh r,f ß wJh ? wcsdKh uvJ / ÞõmerSm tdrfcef;a0ae^yD ? igh zdkh yg ygh rvm; ? tdrfcef;ae&mcs

wJh vlu igeJh avay;a_zmifh wm r[kwfzl;ß qkd^yD; / awG;ava'go_zpfavaygh ? Þighukd

udsef;aotcef;ay;rSmr[kwfzl; ? igb,fh eJh vkyf oleJh wG,f&aumif;rvJ ... ß ponf_zifh tm@HkawG pHkvdkh

aygh ? u|efawmfa_ymovdk / tdrfh udpPutp EdkifiHh udpPawGtxd / a0zefa&; vkyf&wm armvdkh ?

pdwfwdkif;ruswm a_ymrd&if / a_ymav a'goxGufavaygh ?

usifh yGm;tm;xkwf&mrSm tusifh oDv aumif;&r,f ? u|efawmfwdkh usifh wJh tcg /

aumif;wmrpOf;pm;rdwJh wdkifatmif / raumif;wmawGudk pOf;pm;vkdhvJr_zpfzl; ? bmrS rpOf;pm;yJaewm

uawmh taumif;qHk;aygh ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh tqifh edrfh rSm usifh wJh tcg / tkwf_rpf enf;enf;avmuf

csay;&rSm / 'Dtkwf_rpfu tvGefwpf&mudk ta&;juD;wm ? 'Dae&m rSm vlh pdwftm@Hku wpfpHkwpf&m

tusdK;oGm;ay:aewmudk; ? pOf;pm;junfh juprf;yg / oifusifh wJh txJudk wpfckck a&mxnfh &if / oifusifh

vkdh&wmawG[m aumif;Edkifygh rvm; ? rJrJawG _zpfrukef&ayvm; ? ckvdk tawG;rsdK;eJh r[kwfyJ usifh

aejuolawG qkdvkdh b,fESpfa,muf avmufrsm; @SdrvJ rodzl; ? oifusifh wm jum_yD_zpfayr,fh / bm_yKvdkh

a&m*g ruif;Edkif _zpfae&ovJ ? wcsdKh uawmhvJ usifhwJhtcg raumif;wmawG rpOf;pm;ayr,fh /

pGrf;tifrufvdkruf / [dk[m'D[m rufvdkrufeJh tvdk&rufjuD;pGm trsdK;rsdK; awG;_yD; usifh aejuavawmh

um/ rdðmusifh enf;udk rodvdkufrodbmom usifh &musae_yDaygh ? oifrdðm usifh enf;usifh &m usae_yDvdkh

oGm;a_ym junfh prf; / olu judKufrSmr[kwfzl; / tcdk;usifh pOf q&mjuD; b,folb,f0gu usKyfudk oifay;

wmvdkh qdkvdrfh r,f ? tJ[dktcdk;usifh pOf q&mjuD;u oifh udk oDvaumif;ap&r,fvdkh qdkw,f r[kwf

vm; ? oifvkyfae^yD;vm; ? oifusifh wJh tcgrSm raumif;wJh tm@HkawGudkcsnf;xdk;-xdk;xnfh aew,f ?

'Dawmh oifusifh wmawG aumif;EdkifOD;rwJh vm; ? rdðmusifh enf;udk rodvdkufrodbmom usifh

&musw,fqkdwm'grsdK;aygh ? tifrwefh udk t_zpfrsm;vSwm ?

164

usm;-r pHkwGJ usif–_cif;

usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&;avmurSm usm;-r pHkwGJusifh _cif;vdkh ac:wJh usifh enf;wpfrsdK;

@Sdw,f?

wdAufv#dKh 0Sufusifh pOfu qif;wkawmfawGrSm _zpfap / yHkawmfawGrSm _zpfap / yk&doum,u

âwdÔ,um , udk zuf_yD; usifh yGm;tm;xkwfaewmrsdK;awGudk oifwdkh awGh zl;aumif; awGh zl;juvdrfh r,f ?

yk&doum, wkdh taeeJh / wcsdKh u bk&m;toGifrsdK;eJh _zpfw,f ? udk,fwHk;vHk; rdef;rwpfa,mufudk

zufxm;w,f ? wcsdKh usawmhvJ toGifwpfrsdK; a_ymif;xm;wJh Ak'<udk,fu / (0g) EGm;acgif; _rif;rsufESm

0Zd&u 0wfvpfpvpf rdef;r wpfa,mufudk zufxm;w,f ? bm_yKvdkh ckvdk_zpf&wmvJ ? 'D_y\emudk

u|efawmfwdkh t&if@Sif;_y r,f ? vGefcJhwJh &mpkESpfwcsdKhavmufqDu _zpfwJha&S;acwfwkef;u 'DuÝmay:rSm

uGef_zL;&Syf 0g'joZmatmuf&Sd u|efawmfwdkh w@kwf_ynfomru / vlom;wpf&yfvHk;&Jh tusifh pm&dwW

t,ltqawGyg rwdrf;r,drf; _zpfjuw,f ? 'gajumifh rdkvdkh / ckvdkusifh enf;rsdK;[m pifppfawmhum

'DuÝmvHk;ay:u aygufvmwm r[kwfzl; 'd_yif_*dKvfuae _yefhyGm;vmwm_zpfw,f ? 'gayr,fvdkh /

ckvdkusifh enf;rsdK;taeeJh usifh yGm;tm;xkwfvdkh &wmuawmh trSefyJ ? ckvdkusifh enf;rsdK; w@kwf_ynf

a&mufvmwJh tcg / usm;-r pHkwGJusifh wmwdkh / v#dKh 0Suf usifh wmwdkh udk w@kwfvlrsdK;awGu vufrcHEdkifvdkh

/ xefrif;qufu a[Gh csef;ESpftwGif;rSm w@kwf{u&mZfu zsufodrf;ypfvdkuf^yD; [efe,fxJrSm ydwfyifypf

vdkufw,f ? tJ'Dwkef;u xefv#dKh 0Sufusifh pOfvdkh ac:wJh 'Dusifh enf;udk [efe,fy,frSm vufrcHayr,fh /

wdAufu xl;_cm;wJh ywf0ef;usifrSm / xl;_cm;wJh a'orSm / _yefh yGm;vmygava&m ? bm_yKvdkh ckvdk usifh

&ovJ ? usm;-r pHkwGJ usifh wJh &nf@G,f csufu r"mwfudkcl; zdk"mwfudk_znfh / zdk"mwfudkcl; r"mwfudk_znfh /

t_yeftvSef_znfh pGuf / t_yeftvSef usifh _cif;tm;_zifh / zdk"mwfeJh r"mwf rSefuefnDr#apzdkh _zpfw,f ?

Ak'<*dk%f;t& _zpf_zpf / Þawmufß *dk%f;t&_zpf_zpf / txl;o_zifh Þawmufß *dk%f;&Jh zdk"mwf-

r"mwf cH,lcsuf oabmw&m;t&_zpf_zpf / vlh udk,frSm zdk"mwf-r"mwf wdkh [m oaE<yg_yD; _zpfw,fqdk

wm trsm;tod_zpfw,f ? vlh udk,frSm zdk"mwf-r"mwf wdkh @Sdaewmrdkh / pGrf;tifwdkh / rlvoli,fwdkh /

oli,fav;wdkh / "rRum,wdkh vdk ouf@SdcE<mtrsdK;rsdK; usifhyGm;vmEdkifwm _zpfw,f ? zdk"mwf-r"mwf

@Sdaevdkh/ ouf@SdcE<mawG trsm;juD; usifh yGm;vdkh &wm _zpfw,f ? yk&doum,_zpf_zpf-âwÔd,um,_zpf_zpf

twlwl csnf;yJ[m / "mwfvHk;v,fqdkwJh v,fuGufuae aygufyGm;vmEdkifwmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? ckvdk

a_ymwm tifrwef ,xmblwusayw,f ? Þawmufß *dk%f;u cE<mtxufydkif;udk zdk"mwft_zpf

165

oabmxm;_yD; / atmufydkif;udk r"mwft_zpf oabmxm;juw,f ? wcsdKh u ausmbufudk zdk"mwft_zpf

oabmxm;_yD; / a@Sh bufudk r"mwft_zpf oabmxm;juw,f ? wcsdKh uawmh vJ cE<mb,fbuf_crf;udk

zdk"mwft_zpf oabmxm;_yD; / nmbuf_crf;udk r"mwft_zpf oabmxm;juw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh

w@kwf_ynfrSm usm;-0J / r-,mvdkh qdkwm[mvJ 'Duvmwm_zpfw,f ? tifrwef ,xmblwuswm ? vlh

udk,fcE<mrSm zdk"mwfeJh r"mwfwdkh [m oaE<yg_zpfvdkh / zdk"mwfeJh r"mwfwdkh &Jh t_yeftvSef

tusdK;oufa&mufr+t& / udk,fh [mudk,f zdk"mwfeJh r"mwfwdkh rSefuefnDr#Edkifaewmrdkh / ouf@SdcE<mrsm;pGm

aygufyGm;vmEdkifwm _zpfw,f ?

u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh usm;rpHkwGJusifh enf; oHk;p&mrvdkyJ / tifrwef_rifh wJh tqifhxdatmif

usifh Edkifajumif;udk 'Dtcsufu _yqdkaew,f ? usm;rpHkwGJ usifh enf;udkoHk;aomf / udkifwG,fwm r[kwf&if /

raumif;qdk;0g;u 0ifvmawmhrSm_zpfw,f? rdðmusifh enf;t_zpf usa&muf&awmhrSm_zpfw,f ?

wdAufv#dKh 0Sufusifh pOftaeeJh tifrwef_rifhwJhtqifhrSm usm;rpHkwGJ usifhenf;oHk;r,fqdk&if /

'Dbkef;juD;_zpfap-vmrm_zpfap / tifrwef tqifh _rifh aerS _zpfrSm ? tJ'Dtcgus&if olhq&mocifu

oifay;rSm_zpfw,f ? olh taeeJh u pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; tifrwef_rifhae_yD_zpfvdkh / rdðmt_zpfrsdK;

ra&muf&avatmif udk,f–udkudk,f xdef;oGm;EdkifrSm_zpfw,f ? pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; tifrwefedrfholawG

usawmh tv#if;udk oHk;vdkh r_zpfzl; ? oHk;rdvdkh @Sd&if rdðmusifh enf; t_zpfrsdK; a&muf&rSm usdef;aoyJ ?

bm_yKvdkh vJ qdk&if pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;u tuefh towf @Sdae&wJh txJ / omrefvlwdkh &Jh &ruf wdkh /

umr&m*pdwfwdkh uvJ ry,f&ao;avawmh um / ckvdkpdwftqifh rSm oGm;oHk;rd&if / rdðmvrf;a&muf

_yDom rSwfayawmh ? 'gajumifh rdkvdkh tqifh edrfh rSm aygh aygh wefwef av#muf_zefh csD&if / rdðmusifh enf;

vdkuf_zefh&musrSm _zpfw,fvdkh u|efawmfwdkh u @Sif;@Sif;a_ymxm;&wm ?

'DESpfrsm;twGif;rSm / usm;rpHkwGJ usifh enf; _yay;juwJh tcdk;usifh pOfq&mawG renf;zl; ?

xl;qef;wmu bmvJqdkawmh / Þawmufß *dk%f;xJrSmvJ usm;rpHkwGJ usifh enf;ay:vmwm_zpfw,f ?

ckrSwif r[kwfzl; ? xefrif;qufuwnf;u pvmcJh wm ? Þawmufß *dk%f;rSm b,fh ES,fajumifh

usm;rpHkwGJ usifh enf; ay:vm&ovJ ? Þawmufß *dk%f;u xdkufusDoabmw&m;t& a_ym&&if / vllh

udk,fcE<m[m pjum0Vmuav;wpfck _zpfwmrdkh / zdk"mwfeJh r"mwfwdkh [m oaE<yg_yD;_zpfw,f ? wu,fh

vrf;rSefurf;rSef w&m;awmfjuD;rsdK;qdkwm ESpfy&dað' jumanmif;vSpGmuwnf;uae wpfquf_yD;

wpfquf oufqif;vmcJhwm_zpfw,f ? ayghayghwefwefav#muf_yif / ayghayghwefwef [dk[m

av#mufxnfh -'D[mav#mufxnfhvkyfae&if / 'DusifhpOfudk uarmufur_zpfukefaprSm_zpfvdkh/

166

aygufa_rmufatmif_rifEdkifawmh rSm r[kwfzl; ? 'gajumifh rdkvdkh rlvusifh pOfrSm usm;rpHkwGJ usifh enf;ryg&if

/ b,fawmh rS oGm;rusifh ygaveJh ? usifhrd&if tc|wftacsmf-tarSmuftrSm; _zpf&rSm / _y\em ay:&rSm

rkcs ? txl;o_zifh u|efawmfwdkh "rRpjumw&m;awmfusifh pOfrSm / usm;rpHkwGJ usifh enf;rygzl; ? 'Dtajumif;

ukdvnf;ra_ymzl; ? 'D_y\emeJh ywfoufvdkh u|efawmfwdkh uawmh ckvdk _rifwmyJ ?

@kyf-emrf pG,fpHkusif–_cif;

@kyf-emrf pG,fpHkusifha&; _y\emudk u|efawmf@Sif;_y_yD;_yD ? @kyf-emrf pG,fpHkusifh_cif;

qdkwmu pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; usifh bdkh t_yif / udk,fcE<mudkvJ usifh &rSm _zpfw,f ? wenf;tm;_zifh a_ym&

&if cE<mw_zpfa_ymif;a&;vJ vkyfoGm;&rSm _zpfw,f ? w_zpfa_ymif;a&;vkyf&mrSm / vlh uvmyfpnf; awGudk

pGrf;tif_rifh 0wÔKawGeJh w_znf;_znf; tpm;xdk;vmwJhtcg / tdkrif;&ifh a&mfr+ aES;auG;vmvdrfh r,f ?

udk,fcE<m[m ysdKvGifr+bufudk w_znf;_znf; _yefqkwfvmvdrfh r,f / w_znf;_znf; toGifa_ymif;vmvdrfh

r,f ? tqHk;tm;_zifh pGrf;tif_rifh 0wÔKawGu vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm; tpm;xdk;_yD;wJh tcg / 'Dvlh udk,fcE<m[m

wpf_cm;@kyf0wÔKwrsdK;eJh twd_yD;wJh cE<m_zpfvmrSm _zpfw,f ? tJ'Dvdk cE<mrsdK;[m u|efawmfa_ymcJh ovdk /

"mwfjuD;ig;yg;xJu cE<mr[kwfawmh vdkh b,fawmh rS ysufpD;awmh rSm r[kwfzl; ?

ausmif;wkdufawGrSm usifh wmu / emrfudkom usifh wmrdkh / avh usifh cef;wdkh / cE<musifh

a&;wdkh udk oifray;zl; ? olwdkh cH,lxm;wmu edAýmefc&D;_zpfw,f ? @Sifawmfousrked oifay;oGm;wmu

'Denf;udk; ? pifppf @SifawmfousrkedtaeeJh udk,fcE<mudk pGrf;tif_rifh 0wÔKtoGif vHk;vHk;ul;a_ymif;_yD;

o,faqmif oGm;Edkifyg &ufeJh wefcdk;â'<dyg'f oHk;raeyJ / om;wynfh awGudk olh vrf; vdkufygapawmh qdk_yD;

/ y&dedAýmef pH0ifwJh c&D;udk oludk,fwdkif juG_ref;_yoGm;wm _zpfw,f ? olbm_yKvdkh ckvdkoifay;oGm;ovJ ?

vlawGudk tpGJtvrf;trsdK;rsdK; twwfEdkifqHk; pGefhapcsifvdkh / aemufqHk;rSm udk,fcE<mtygt0if

Oyg'gefcyfodrf;udk tpGrf;ukef pGefhapzdkhtwGuf / ckvdky&dedAýmefpH0ifwJh c&D;udk juG_ref;_yoGm;wm_zpfw,f ?

'ghajumifhbkef;juD;awGuvJ tpOftquf qufcHcJh juw,f ? edAýmeqdkwmu bkef;juD;ysHwJh tcg /

rHocE<mudk pGefh / rlvewfu od'<daqmif_yD; wufoGm;wmudk a_ymwm ?

Þawmufß *dk%f;u cE<mudk,f tav;wif;usif–juw,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh / olwdkh

[mu owW0gtrsm; u|wfvGwfa&; r[kwfyJ ? wynfhawGudk acgif;acgufa@G;wmudk; ? olwdkh

rsufarSmuf_yKae&wmu tifrwefaumif;-tifrwefaumif;wJh vlawG_zpfavawmh / twwfoabmvdk

167

[mawGudk _yay;juw,f cE<musifha&;wdkhudk _yay;juw,f ? 'gayr,fvdkh Ak'<*dk%f;&Jh oD_cm;xl;_cm;_zpfwJh

usifhenf;rSmawmh / txl;o_zifh Ak'<bmomu usifhenf;rSmawmh / oifray;juzl; ? tukefvHk;

oifray;juwmawmh r[kwfzl; ? u|efawmfwdkh "rRpjumw&m;awmftygt0if Ak'<*dk%f;u tqifh _rifh usifh

enf; rsm;pGmwdkh rSmvJ oifay;juwmyJ ? u|efawmfwdkh "rRpjumw&m;awmfusifh pOfqdk&if / udk,fh

cE<mudka&m-rlvoli,fudka&m usifh w,f ? 'DESpfcku wlwmr[kwfzl; ? rlvoli,fvJ pGrf;tif_rifh 0wÔKawG

eJh twd_yD;wJh cE<m_zpfw,f ? 'gayr,fvdkh u|efawmfwdkh 'D[if;vif;_yifrSm aygh aygh wefwef udk,fxif_yvdkh

r_zpfzl; ? u|efawmfwdkh 'D[if;vif;_yifrSm omrefvltoGifrsdK;eJh t@Snfo_zifh aeoGm;r,fqdk&if /

u|efawmfwdkhvdk yifudk,fcE<m@Sdzdkh vdkw,f ? 'gajumifh rdkvdkh cE<mudk,f w_zpfa_ymif;_yD;wJh tcg / uvmyf

pnf;awGudk pGrf;tif_rifh 0wÔKawGeJh tpm;xdk;_yD;ae_yD _zpfayr,fh / armfvDusL;wdkh &Jh zGJh pnf;yHk a_ymif;vJ_cif;

r@Sdwmajumifh / junfh vdkuf&if omrefvleJh xl;r_cm;em;yJ ? 'gayr,fvdkh uGm_cm;csufawmh @Sdwmaygh ?

tJ'guawmh 'DcE<mu 'd_yif[if;vif;_yifxJ 0ifEdkifae_yDav?

@kyf-emrf ESpfyg;pHkusifha&;[m junfhvdkuf&if vlu odyfEkwmyJ ? trSeftoufeJh tyHkjuD;

uGmwmudk awGh &w,f ? [dkaeh u oifom;wpfa,mufu u|efawmfh udkar;w,f ? Þq&m / u|efr

toufb,fh avmuf@Sd_yDvdkh xifovJ ß wJh ? pifppf oltouf (70) em;eD;ae_yD ? junfh vdkuf&ifawmh

(40) ausmfavmufatmif;arh &w,f ? rsufESmrSm ta&_ym; wGefh &@Gefh _zpfwmr@Sdzl; / acsmacsmarGh arGh

tom;_zL_zL eDwmwm EkxGwfxGwf _zpfaewmudk awGh &w,f / touf (70) eD;yg; t@G,feJh b,fwlrvJ?

u|efawmfwdkh "rRpjumw&m;awmfusifh olwdkh taeeJh ckvdkt_zpfrsdK; ay:vmrSm_zpfw,f ? &,fp&ma_ym&&if/

ysdKysdK@G,f@G,f rdef;uav;awG tvS_yK_yifavh @Sdjuw,f ? tom;_zLcsifjuw,f/ junfhaumif;csifjuw,f ?

u|efawmfa_ymr,f @kyf-emrf ESpfyg;pHkusifh pOfudkom wu,fusifh ygav? 'Dt_zpfa&muf&rSm "rRwmyJ ?

tvS_yK_yifaep&m rvdkrSm usdef;aoaygh ? 'Dbufuom"uawGudkawmh a_ymraeawmh zl; ? t&ifuqkd&if

vkyfief;t&yf&yfrSm oufjuD;&JabmfawGrsm;vdkh / u|efawmfh udk vli,ft_zpf oabmxm;avh @Sdjuw,f ?

ckawm–[efus_yD / vkyfief;t&yf&yfrSm vli,fawGrsm;vm_yD ? pifppf u|efawmfvJ ri,fawm–zl; / ckyJ (43)

ESpf @Sdae_yD / rjumcif (50) _ynfh awmh rSm ?

168

"rRum,

Ak'<qif;wkawmftay:rSm bm_yKvdkh cGifwpfck@Sdae&ovJ ? vlrsm;pGmwdkh &Sif;r_ywwfjuzl; ?

wcsdKh uvJ Þqif;wkawmfa@Sh rSm bkef;juD;awG rsufESmcsif;qdkif usrf;pm@Gwfjuvdkh ßwJh ? qif;wkawmfa@Sh

rSm bkef;juD;awG rsufESmcsif;qdkif w&m;usifh &if; ay:vmwJh cGifqdkwJh oabmaygh ? bkef;juD;usifh usifh /

b,fvlusifh usifh / _zpfay:vmwJh pGrf;tifawG[m_yefh usJoabmrsdK; _zpfaewmuwpfajumif; /

OD;wnfcsuf@SdraewmvJwpfajumif;ajumifh/ wpfausmif;vHk;u jurf;_yifawG / rsufESmjuufawG /

eH&HawGay:rSm tukeftnDtr# @Sdae&rSm ? ckawmh qif;wkawmf tay:u cGifusrS b,fh ES,fajumifh

tm;aumif;ae&ovJ? txl;o_zifh awmawmifawG/ *lawG / ausmufawGrSmxkxm;wJh Ak'<qif;wkawmf

awG[m cGifawG@Sdaewwfjuw,f ? bm_yKvdkh cGifawG @Sdae&ovJ ? wcsdKh u 'Dvdk&Sif;_yju/ wcsdKh

u[dkvdk&Sif;_yjueJh [m ? b,fvlrS@Sif;atmifra_ymwwfjuzl; ? pifppfawmh um qif;wkawmfrSm

cGif@Sdaewm w_cm;ajumifh r[kwfzl; ? qif;wkawmfrSm Om%fawmf@SifjuD;awG&Jh "rRum,

pHy,fawmfrlaevdkh _zpfw,f ? Om%fawmf@SifjuD;awG&Jh "rRum,pHy,fawmfrlaevdkh pGrf;tif@Sdaewm

_zpfw,f ?

@Sifawmfousrked_zpfap / uGrf,ifaAm"dowW_zpfap / ordkif;rSm wu,f@SdcJh &if / wqdwf

pOf;pm;junfh juprf;yg / olwdkh usifh wkef;uvJ usifh olr[kwfvm; ? usifh oltaeeJh avmuDxGufusifh

pOftxuf tawmfh udk _rifh wJh tqifh a&mufwJh tcg / "rRum,ay:vmrSm _zpfw,f ? "rRum,qdkwm

tjuifol&Jh "mwfvHk;v,frSm aygufyGm;vmwm_zpfw,f / w&m;wdkh –od'<dwdkh eJh _zpfwnfaewm_zpf_yD; / 'd_yif

[if;vif;_yifrSm o@kyfouef ay:aewm_zpfw,f ? "rRum,wdkh taeeJh vJ um,uH&Sifudk,fYwdkh enf;wl

pGrf;yum;tifrwefjuD;rm;juw,f ? 'gayr,fvdkh "rRum,wdkh &Jh todpdwfeÚ / tawG;tac:wdkhudk

y"mecE<mu udkifxm;wm_zpfw,f ? 'gayr,fvdkh vJ "rRum,udk,fYtaeeJh uvJ _ynf–_ynf–pHkpHk-

vGwfvGwfvyfvyf-trSefwu,fh udk @SdaewJh wpfoD;yk*~vouf@Sd_zpfwmrdkh / b,fvdkudpPrsdK;udkrqdk udk,fh

bmom vGwfvGwfvyfvyf aqmif@GufEdkifw,f ? "rRum,vkyfwmawG[m y"metodpdwf juHqxm;

wmeJh wpfyHkpHwnf;udk tHudkuf_zpfaewmcsnf;yJ ? udpPwpfckudk um,uH@Sifudk,fYtaeeJh vkyfvJ 'Dtwdkif;

_zpfaerSm _zpfovdk-"rRum,vkyfvJ 'Dtwdkif;yJ _zpfaerSm_zpfw,f ? 'guawmh u|efawmfa_ymaewJh

"rRum,aygh ? u|efawmfudpPwpfckckvkyfawmh r,fqdk&if / Oyrm wu,fusifh wJh om;wynfh awGudk

udk,fcE<moÑg, _zpfapatmif aqmif@Gufay;awmhr,fqdk&if / u|efawmfh "rRum,wdkhu aqmif&Gufju

169

wmcsnf;_zpfw,ff? "rRum,wdkhtaeeJh omrefvlwdkh &Jh udk,fcE<mr&Sdjuzl; / 'd_yif[if;vif;_yifrSm

o@kyfouefay:aejuwm_zpfw,f / tJ'Douf&SdcE<muqdk&ifvJ ta_ymif;tvJr&SdwJh yHkaovdk[mrsdK;

r[kwfzl; ? juD;vdkh vJ&-i,fvdkh vJ&w,f ? wcgwavrsm; juD;vdkuforS / olh acgif;wpfckvHk;udk

t_ynfhtpHktukef r_rif&EdkifavmufatmifjuD;wm / i,f_yefawm–vJ uvmyfpnf;xufawmif

i,faevdkuf_yefao;w,f ?

taeuZm wif_cif;

puf@Hk tvkyf@Hkwdkh u vkyf_yD;wJh Ak'<qif;wkwdkh [m tEkynmvuf&mom _zpfw,f ? tae

uZmwif_cif;qdkwmu Ak'<&Jh "rRum,udk Ak'<qif;wkqD yifh zdwf_cif;_zpfw,f ? _yD;rS Ak'<qif;wkawmfudk

omrefvlawGjum;u oÐef&SdAk'<cE<mt_zpf ylaZmf_cif;_zpfw,f ? w&m;usifh oltaeeJh usifh yGm;&if; /

ckvdkjunf!dkpdwfyGm;vm&if / Ak'<qif;wkawmf@Sd "rRum,u olh twGuf w&m;umuG,f_cif;_yKrSm / olh udk

junfh @+apmifr-apmif–a@SmufoGm;rSm_zpfw,f ? 'g[m taeuZmwif_cif;&Jh wu,fh &nfrSef;csuf _zpfw,f?

w&m;0if taeuZmwiftcrf;tem;rSm tm@HkrSefay:vmygrS _zpfap / tqif–tifrwef_rif–wJ–

Om%fawmf@SifjuD;awGtaeeJh rS_zpfap / tifrwef_rif–wJ–tqif–rSm tm;xkwfaewJh ckvdkpGrf;yum;@Sd ykídKvfwdkh

taeeJh rS_zpfap / 'DudpPudk pGrf;aqmifEdkifrSm_zpfw,f ?

Ak'<qif;wkudk taeuZmwifrS / taeuZmrwif&ao;wJh Ak'<qif;wkqdk&if rpGrf;zl;vdkh

ausmif;wdkufawGrSm a_ymaejuw,f ? uaehtzdkh&mrSm / ausmif;wdkufawGu bkef;juD;awGeJhywfoufvdkh

a_ym&&if / wu,fh q&mawmfjuD;awG uG,fukefju&Sm^yD ? Þ,Ofaus;r+awmfvSefa&;juD; ß aemufrSm /

&Sifi,fav;awGqdkwm / wcsdKhqdk&if wu,fwrf; vufxyfoif_yay;_cif; rcHcJh&ayr,fh / ckawmh

ausmif;xdkif_zpfukefju_yD ? wdrfaumaysmufuG,fukef&wmawG renf;zl;aygh ? ÞtaeuZmwifwm

bmvkyfwmvJ ß vdkh ar;junfh prf; ? ÞtaeuZmwif_yD; &if / Ak'<qif;wkawmf pGrf;a&m ß vdkh qdkvdrfh r,f ?

twdtus b,fvdkpGrf;ovJqdkwmusawmh / olvJ @Sif;atmif ra_ymwwfzl; ? 'gajumifh rdkvdkh olwdkh [mu

tcrf;tem;usif;ywmrsdK;avmufom_zpfw,f ? Ak'<qif;wkxJ usrf;pmuav;wpfckavmufxnfh /

puULuyf_yD; / qif;wka@Sh rSm usrf;pm@Gwfw,f ? 'gtaeuZmwif wmvdkh qdkw,f ? 'Dawmh taeuZm

wif^yD;&m usrusqdkwmeJh ywfoufvdkh / usrf;pmb,fvdk@GwfovJqdkwmudk junfh&rSm_zpfw,f?

@Sifawmfousrked tqdkt&qdk&if / tm@HkrSefay:atmif @GwfEdkif&r,fvdkhqdkw,f ? usrf;pmawGudk

170

pdwfenf;enf;rS rysHh rvGifh apyJ / tvGefwpf&m tm@Hkpl;pl;pdkufpdkuf @GwfyGm; o&Zñm,fEdkifygrS / rdrdwdkh usifh

aewJhw&m;abmif uÝmudk wu,fhudk wkefv+yfapygrSom/ Om%fawmf@SifjuD;wdkh udk yifh vdkh &rSm _zpfw,f

vdkh qdkw,f ? Ak'<qif; wktay: Om%fawmf@SifjuD;wdkh &Jh "rRum, juG_ref;udef;0yfpHy,fawmfrlygrSom /

taeuZmwif_zpf&musrSm _zpfw,f ?

wcsdKh bkef;juD;awGqdk&if / wzufu usrf;pm@Gwf&if; / wzufu Þawmfjum taeuZm

wif_yD;&if igh udk ydkufqHb,fh avmufay;rvJ rodzl; ß qdk_yD; av#mufpOf;pm;aewwfw,f ? wcsdKh u

qdk&ifvJ wzufuusrf;pm@Gwf&if; / wzufu b,folb,f0gu_zif– ig–tay: odyfqdk;wmqdk_yD;

tawG;e,fcsJh aewwfjuw,f ? olwdkh qDrSmvJ wpfa,mufeJhwpfa,muf Om%feDOm%feufqifju/

cGufapmif;ckwfju wmrsdK;awG&SdaewwfwmyJav? ckvdk "rRtqHk;umvjuD;rSm / ckvdk_cif;&mrsdK;udk

todtrSwfr_yKyJaevdkh r_zpfyJudk;? 'DrSmu|efawmfwdkhu Ak'<bmomudk a0zefaewmr[kwfzl;/ "rRtqHk;

umvjuD;rSm ausmif;wdkufwcsdKhqdkwm at;at;csrf;csrf;@SdvSwmr[kwfzl;? OD;aESmufxJrSm'grsdK;awG

pOf;pm;aewJhtcg/ ckavmuf raumif;wJ–tm@HkawG xkwfv$wfaewm/ Om%fawmf@SifjuD;awGu vmEdkifrSm

wJ–vm; ? taeuZmwifwJh &nfrSef;csuf tv#if;udk atmif_rifEdkifrSmr[kwfzl; ? tjuGif;rJh _cGif;csuf

r@SdwmrsdK;awmh vJ r[kwfzl; ? aumif;wJh ausmif;wdkufwdkh - Þawmufß ausmif;wkdufwdkhqdkwmvJ

wcsdKhwav&Sdaewmayghav?

x _rdKh rSm u|efawmfbkef;juD;wpfyg; awGh &w,f / vufawGqdkwm rJaewmyJ ? Ak'<qif;

wkxJudk usrf;pm xnfh_yD;ydwfvdkufw,f ? yg;pyfu enf;enf;avmuf @GwfvJ_yD;a&m / taeuZm wif_yD;_yD

wJh ? qif;wkwpfqlxyf,l_yD; / xyf@Gwf_yefw,f ? wpfcg taeuZmwif&if ,Grf(40) odrf;w,f ?

ckbkef;juD;awGu taeuZmwif_cif;udkvJ ukefypPnf;vdkoabmxm;_yD; / t_rwfxkwfaejuw,f ?

u|efawmfjunfh vdkufw,f / taeuZmwifvdkhr&zl; / tv#if;udkr&zl; ? ckqdk&ifbkef;juD;awG[m

ckvdkudpPrsdK; awGawmif vkyfaejuw,f ? _yD;awmh u|efawmfbmwpfck awGh&ao;ovJqdkawmh /

ausmif;wdkufwpfwdkufu vlwpfa,muf-Oygoumvdkh xif&wmyJ / Ak'<qif;wkawmfudk taeuZm

wifay;&atmifqdk_yD; / aea&mifatmufrSm rSefwpfcsyfeJh qif;wkawmfudk,fay:udk tvif;a&mif

xdk;ay;w,f ? tJ'g taeuZmwifwmwJ–? ckavmuf &,fp&maumif;wJh txd _zpfaejuwmav ? uaeh

Ak'<bmomtaeeJh 'Dt_zpfrsdK;udk a&mufvm &mrSm / ckvdk[mrsdK;awGqkdwm rawGh csifr_rifcsif tqHk;aygh ?

aju;qif;wkawmfjuD;wpfqludk eefusif; (eefuif;) rSm oGef;vkyf_yD; / a[mifaumifu

wmh,GD (vefawm) awmifay:rSm wnfxm;w,f / {&mrAk'<qif;wkawmfjuD;aygh ? qif;wkawmfjuD;udk

171

taeuZmwifzdkhtwGuf wpfuÝmvHk;ubkef;juD;awG vmjuwmrenf;zl; ? tJ'DtxJu bkef;juD;wpfyg;u

aea&mif atmufrSm rSefwpfcsyfeJh qif;wkawmfrsufESmudk tvif;a&mifxdk;w,f / taeuZmwifwmwJ–?

ckavmuf crf;em;odkuf_rdKufvSwJ– tcrf;tem;juD;rSm / ckavmuf cefhxnfav;eufvSwJ– tcgor,rsdK;rSm

ckvdkt_zpfrsdK;_zpf&wm/ u|efawmfh taeeJhuawmh wu,fh udkoem;p&mvdkh qdkcsifwmyJ ? "rRtqHk;umv

a&mufwJh tcg / bkef;juD;awG taeeJh udk,fh [mudk,f u|wfzdkh awmifrvG,fwm / olrsm;c|wfzdkh qdkwm

omrvG,fawmh raygh vdkh @Sifawmfousrkeduqdkwm rqef;yg ? _yD;awmh bkef;juD;rsm;pGmwdkhu qdk&ifvnf;

udk,fh @+a'gif–uae_yD; Ak'<usrf;awGudk 'Dvdkt"dÑg,f @Sif;vdk@Sif;ju / [dkvdkt"dÑg,f @Sif;vdk@Sif;ju /

av#mufvkyfaejuw,f? r,fawmfewforD;usrf;awGvJ bkef;juD;ausmif;awGudk a&mufvdka&mufukefju /

Ak'<usrf;juD;usrf;cdkif r[kwfwmawGvJ ausmif;wdkufawGudk a&mufvdka&mufukefjueÚ[m / a_ymif;udk

qefvdkh / @+yfvdkh ? rSefw,f / wu,fusif–juwJ– bkef;juD;awGvJ@SdwmyJ ? tifrwefrqdk;bl;vdkh qdk&rSm?

taeuZm wif_cif;qdkwm pifppfawmh Om%fawmf@SifjuD;wdkh&Jh "rRum,udk Ak'<qif;wkawmfrSm

vma&mufudef;0yf pHy,fzdkh yifh zdwf_cif;_zpfw,f ? 'gtaeuZmwif_cif;aygh ?

'Dawmh Ak'<qif;wkudk taeuZmwifwm ratmif&if ylaZmfvdkh r_zpfzl; / ylaZmf&if tifrwef

juD;av;wJh tusdK;qufeJh &ifqdkif&vdrfh r,f ? b,fvdkjuD;av;wJh tusdK;qufrsdK;vJ ? vlh tm@Hkwdkh/ vlh

tawG;tqwdkh taeeJh @kyf0wÔKwpfrsdK; _zpfay:apEdkifajumif;udk / ckvlh cE<mokawoDwdkh awGh

@Sdju&w,f ? ,if;[m @kyf0wÔKwpfrsdK; trSefwu,f_zpfajumif;udk u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh tifrwef_rifh wJh

tqifh rSm awGh ju&w,f ? 'gayr,fvdkh ckvdk @kyf0wÔKrsdK;[m u|efawmfwdkh okawoe_yKawGh @SdwJh

OD;aESmufvd+if;yHk oÐmefrsdK;r[kwfyJ / ^yD;_ynf–pHkwJ– OD;aESmufyHkoÐmefrsdK; _zpfwmudkawGh &w,f ?

@dk;@dk;tcsdefrsdK;rSm omrefvlwdkh awG;&if ay:vmwJh OD;aESmufoÐmefvdk[mrsdK;[m / pGrf;tifr@Sdvdkh rjumcif

_y,fukefa&m ? w&m;usifh olwdkh &Jh pGrf;tifuawmh awmfawmfjumjumcHw,f ? Ak'<qif;wkqdkwm

puf@Hktvkyf@Hkuae xGufvmuwnf;u tawG;tac:@Sdaewm r[kwfzl; ? tJ'Dvdkr[kwfbl; ? wcsdKh u

taeuZmrwif& ao;zl; ? ausmif;wdkufa&mufawm–vJ taeuZmwif_yD;&m rusao;zl; ? wu,fvdkh

ta&_cHKtcdk;usifh pOfq&mwpfa,muf a,mufudk_zpfap / rdðmvrf;vdkufol wpfa,mufa,mufudk_zpfap

/ taeuZm wifcdkif;&if / ig;yg;arSmuf _yDom rSwfayawmh ? a_racG;wdkh / a_rGyg_rD;wdk0gwdkh wufukef_yDom

rSwfayawm–?

taeuZmrwif&ao;wJh Ak'<qif;wkudk oGm;@Sdcdk;rd&if / tifrwefh udk t÷&m,frsm;aygh ?

b,fxdatmif t÷&m,frsm;rvJqdk&if / u|efawmfa_ym^yD;_yD / vlom;wdkh taeeJh 'Duaeh 'DtcgrsdK;

172

a&mufvmwJh tcg t&mcyfodrf; ysufpD;vmaejuw,f ? vlh tzGJh tpnf;wpfckvHk; / pjum0VmwpfckvHk;u

t&mcyfodrf;wdkh [mvJ wpfck_yD;wpfckysufpD;vmaejuw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh omrefvlawGjum;u

udpPtrsdK;rsdK;tzHkzHkwdkh [m qdk&ifvJ udk,fh [mudk,fajumifh _zpf&wmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? w&m;ppf w&m;rSef

awGhzdkh / vrf;ppf vrf;rSefvdkufzdkh awmif odyfcufwm ? tbufbufuudk taESmifh t,SufcHae&wm ?

bk&m;junf!dkcsifw,fqdkygawm– / b,fvlu bk&m;wJ–vJ ? bk&m;junf!dkcsifwmawmif rvG,f

vdkufwm? r,Hk&ifu|efawmf&Sif;_yr,f ? taeuZmrwif&ao;wJ– Ak'<qif;wka@Sh rSm yxrqHk;

vlwpfa,muftaeeJh @Sdcdk;vdkuf&if / ig;yg;arSmuf_yDom rSwfayawmh ? ckbk&m;@Sdcdk;wJh vlawGxJrSm /

edAýmefr*fzdkvfudk a&muf&ygvdk. t@Sifbk&m;vdkhqkawmif;_yD; @Sdcdk;wJh vl b,fES,fa,muf@SdovJ ? 'DvdkvlrsdK;

odyf@Sm;aygh ? vltrsm;pk bk&m;@Sdcdk;wJh &nf@G,fcsufubmvJ ? Þab;b&ma0;uGm&ygvdk. t&Sifbk&m;/

tusyftwnf;taygif;rS vGwfa_rmuf&ygvdk. t&Sifbk&m;/ pD;yGm;OpPm csrf;om&ygvdk. t&Sifbk&m;ß

ponf_zifh 'grsdK;awGaygh ? 'gawGu Ak'<usrf;juD; usrf;cdkifxJuvm; ? r[kwfzl; / tv#if;udk r[kwfzl; ?

bk&m;@Sdcdk;ol[m aiGvdkcsifaew,f qdkygawmh? uGrf,ifaAm"dowW_zpfap-wxm*w

_zpfap / Ak'<qif;wkwpfqlqla@Sh rSm @Sdcdk;&if; / Þwynfh awmfudk aiGenf;enf;avmuf r¸ pawmfrlygbk&m; ß

vdkh qdkvdkuf&if / atmifr,fav;-^yD;_ynfh pHkwJh tm@Hkwpfck _zpfay:vm_yDom rSwfayawmh ? olu

qif;wkudk &nfpl;wm_zpfavawmh / 'Dtm@Hk[m qif;wktay:udk wcgwnf;a&mufoGm;ygava&m ?

'd_yif[if;vif;_yifrSm txnfudk,fqdkwm juD;vdkh vJ& / usHKh vdkh vJ&w,f ? 'Dtxnfudk,ftay:udk

tm@Hka&mufoGm;wJ–tcg / 'Dqif;wk[m OD;aESmuf&vma&m / awG;wwfvma&m ? 'gayr,fh cE<mudk,f

r@Sdao;zl; ? olrsm;awGvJ [dkvl@Sdcdk; / 'Dvl@Sdcdk; / @Sdcdk;juwJ–tcg / olh udk pGrf;tiftoif–twif–

&vmaprSm_zpfw,f? txl;o_zif– usif–yGm;olwdkh qdk&if ydkt÷&m,frsm;wmaygh ? @Sdcdk;&if;-@Sdcdk;&if;

wa_z;a_z; pGrf;tif&vmaprSmrdkh olh tzdkh oÐmef&Sdudk,fcE<mwpfck_zpfvmygava&m ? 'gayr,fvdkh /

'DoÐmef&Sd udk,fcE<m[m 'd_yif[if;vif;_yifrSm _zpfvmwm_zpfw,f ? _zpfvmwJ–aemuf / 'd_yif

[if;vif;_yifxJrSm / olh taeeJh pjum0VmxJu w&m;oabm enf;enf;yg;yg;odvm&vdkh / vlawGtwGuf

enf;enf;yg;yg; vkyfudkifaqmif@Gufay;Edkifw,f ? 'Dawm– olh taeeJhvJ pGrf;tifenf;enf;yg;yg;

wufvmEdkifw,f ? vludk olulwmu _cGif;csufygw,f / tzdk;tcygw,f ? 'd_yif[if;vif;_yifrSm / olh

taeeJh oGm;vmv+yf@Sm;&wm vGwfvGwfvyfvyfaygh ? omrefvlawGudk judK;qGJ&mrSmvJ tvG,fuav;

aygh ? 'DoÐmef&Sd udk,fcE<m[m / Ak'<qif;wkeJh wpfyHkpHwnf;_zpfvdkh / uGrf,ifaAm"dowW ta&_cHKwdkh /

wxm*w ta&_cHKwdkh ay:vm&ygava&m ? vlawG@Sdcdk;vdkh _zpfvm&wJh 'Dta&_cHKawG[m Ak'<qif;wkeJh

173

wlvdkuforS wax&mwnf;aygh ? bk&m;ta&_cHK / aAm"dowWta&_cHKwdkh &Jh tawG;tac:uawmh

odyfqdk;wm / aiGrufwm ? ,if;wdkh [m 'd_yif[if;vif;_yifxJrSm aygufyGm;juwmvJ_zpf_yef / tawG;tac:

vJ @Sdju_yefwmrdkh / w&m;oabmenf;enf;yg;yg; odaejuw,f ? raumif;wmjuD;awGudk rvkyf&Jzl; ?

raumif;wmuav;awGudkawmh vkyf&Jw,f ? wcgwavusawmh vJ vludkulw,f ? tJ'DvdkrS rulyJ /

rdðmvrf;udkcsnf; vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm; vdkufae&if / towfcH&rSm _zpfw,f ? b,fvdkulvJ ? Þwynfh

awmftdrfrSm b,folb,f0g zsm;aevdkh u,fawmfrlygbk&m; ß vdkh qdk&if / Þaumif;_yD ? ulr,fß aygh ?

tvSLcHyHk;xJ tvSLaiGxnfh juaygh ? olh tawG;tqu aiGvdkcsifwJh tpm;xJuudk; ? tvSLcHyHk;xJ

tvSLaiGrsm;rsm;xnfh &if / a&m*g _ref_refaysmufaprSm _zpfw,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawm–olh rSm pGrf;tift

oif–twif–@Sdaeavawm– / 'd_yif[if;vif;_yifrSm / omrefvludk _c,fvS,fEdkifaewmudk; ? txl;o_zifh

pGrf;tif@Sdolwdkh taeeJh oGm;@Sdcdk;&if / om_yD;awmh t÷&m,frsm;wmaygh ? usifh oltaeeJh bmrsm;vdkcsifae&

wmvJ / aiGvdkcsifvdkh vm; ? wqdwfavmuf pOf;pm;junfh juprf;yg / usifh oltaeeJh bm_yKvdkh rsm; aiGqk

awmif;ae&wmvJ ? aqGawGrsdK;awG ab;uif;juygap / tema&m*guif;juygapvdkh qkawmif;wm

awmifrS / aqGrsdK;oHa,mZOf tpGJtvrf; _zpfraevm; ? olrsm;uHjurRmudk _c,fvS,fcsifaeovm; ?

vlqdkwm udk,fh jurRmeJh udk,fcsnf; r[kwfvm; ? oifu olh udk@Sdcdk;_yD; Þwynfh awmfudk

aiGenf;enf;avmuf rpawmfrlygbk&m;ß vdkh qdkjunfh prf; / aumif;_yD / olulvdrf–r,f ? oif–taeeJh

aiGqkawmif;ygap / rsm;rsm;awmif;ygapqdk_yD; olh crsm tirf;r&udk_zpfaewm ? oif–taeeJh rsm;rsm;

vdkcsifav / olh taeeJh oif–qDu rsm;rsm;&av _zpf&rSmudk; / wefzdk;wl zvS,fju&rSmudk; ? olh tvSLcH

yHk;xJrSm olrsm;awGvSLxm;juwm enf;wmrSwfvdkh ? oif–udk &aprSm_zpfw,f ? b,fvdk&rvJ ?

vrf;xGuf&if ydkufqHtdwf aumuf&aumif; &vdrf–r,f ? õme u qkaiGay;aumif; ay;vdrf–r,f ?

bma_ymaeae oif–udk ydkufqH&udk&aprSm _zpfw,f ? oif–udk olu _cGif;csufrJ–ulaewm r[kwfzl;aemf ?

t@+H;r@Sd&if-t_rwfr@Sd qdkovdk / oifh pGrf;tifenf;enf;avmuf ay;prf;aygh ? olh rSmvkdaewmudk; ?

'grSr[kwf&ifvJ / oifusifh xm;wJh "mwfvHk;wdkh bmwdkh udk ay;prf;aygh ? olu 'gawGvdkcsifaewmudk; ?

'Dbk&m;ta&_cHKawG[m wcgwav odyft÷&m,fjuD;wm ? 'dAýp=KyGifh wJh u|efawmfwdkh

usifh olrsm;pGmwdkh [m bk&m;_rif&_yDvdkh xifaewwfjuw,f ? wcsdKh u 'Daeh bk&m;wpfodkufa&mufvmju

w,f ? bk&m;bGJh u b,fvdkac:w,f / aemufvdkufawG ygvmjuw,fvdkh qdkw,f ? raeh u vmjuwm

u b,fodkh b,fnm / 'Daeh vmjuwmu b,fodkh b,fnm ? 'DwokwfoGm;&if / rjumcif aemufwokwf

174

a&mufvm_yefa&mwJ– ? bmawGwJ–vJ ? 'Dtpm;xJu[mawGayg–? ,if;wdkh [m bk&m;tppf r[kwfzl; ?

ta&_cHKawG ? 'grsdK;awGqdkwm awmfawm–udk rsm;wm ?

ausmif;wdkufawGrSm ckvdkt_zpfrsdK;ay:&if om_yD;awmh awmif t÷&m,frsm;w,f ? olwdkh

udk @Sdcdk;&if / olwdkh u bkef;juD;awGudk tkyfxdef;oGm;rSm _zpfw,f ? Þigh udk @Sdcdk;w,f r[kwfvm; ?

txif;om; t&Sif;om;udk @Sdcdk;aew,f r[kwfvm; ? aumif;_yD ? eifusif–r,fr[kwfvm; ? igtkyfxdef;

tkyfcsKyfr,f ? b,fvdkusif–ß qdk_yD; / pDpOfay;vmrSm_zpfw,f ? aygufa_rmufwJ– wpfaeh us&if

b,fa&mufrvJ ? ,if;u pDpOfay;wm_zpfvdkh / txufu b,f*dk%f;urS vufcHrSm r[kwfzl; ? 'gajumifh

rdkvdkh oif–taeeJh ,if;&Jh ttkyftxdef;udk cH&rSm_zpfw,f ? 'Dawm– oifusif–wmawG[m ta[moduH

r_zpf&ayvm; ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f / ckvlom;wdkh taeeJh r*fzdkvftqifh rSef&atmifawmif usif–zdkh qdkwm

awmifrvG,fvdkufygbd ? ckvdk_cif;&mrsdK;awG[m awmfawm–udk awGh aeus-_rifaeus _zpfae&wm ?

tausmftarmf awmawmifrsm;eJh _rpfe'DwdkhrSm u|efawmfwdkh vlaygif;rsm;pGmawGh ju&wJh Ak'<a&mif_cnf

qdkwm rsm;aomtm;_zifh 'Dtpm;xJuayg– / ,if;wdkh u pGrf;tif@Sdwmudk; / _yvdkh vJ &wmudk; ? wu,fh

Om%fawmf@SifjuD;awGuawmh awmf@Hkwef@Hk b,f_yrvJ ?

t&ifu a_ray:bk&m;wdkh / a_ray: Þawmufß wdkh qdkwm @Sm;w,f / ckawmh

odyfaygwmyJ? ,if;wdkh raumif;wmvkyfjuwJh tcg / tay:uvJ owfrSm ? owf&if ,if;wdkh u

Ak'<qif;wktay:udk wufa_y;ukefjua&m ? a,bl,stm;_zifh Om%fawmf@SifjuD;awGtaeeJh omrefvlwdkh &Jh

'Dw&m;oabmudk aygh aygh wefwef 0ifrpGufjuzl; ? Om%fawmf@SifjuD;awGtaeeJh tqifh _rifh av /

omrefvlwdkh &Jh w&m;o abmudk rpGufcsifav-enf;enf;rSrpGufcsifavyJ ? Ak'<qif;wkudk @kwfw&uf

rdk;judK;cGif;ypfvdkufwmrsdK;udk olwdkh vkyfrSm r[kwfzl; ? 'grsdK;udk olwdkh vkyfrSm r[kwfzl; ? 'gajumifh rdkvdkh

Ak'<qif;wkay:udk wufa_y;ukef &if olwdkh u ta&;rvkyfjuawm–zl; ? ,if;wdkh udk owf&if ,if;wdkh uvJ

odw,f ? a_y;ukefa&m ? 'Dawmh um oif_rif&wJ– uGrf,ifaAm"dowWqdkwm uGrf,ifaAm"dowWtppfwJ–

vm; ? oif_rif&wJh bk&m;qdkwm bk&m;tppfwJ–vm; ? odyfta_ym&cufwm ?

u|efawmfwdkh vlaygif;rsm;pGmwdkh [m ckvdk_y\emwpf&yfudk wpfqufwnf; pOf;pm;

rdaumif; pOf;pm;rdjuvdrfh r,f ? Þ'dkh tdrfu qif;wkb,fh eJh vkyfygh rvJß vdkh ? vlrsm;pGmwdkh u u|efawmfh udk

pOf;pm;rdaumif; pOf;pm;rdjuvdrfh r,f ? oifom;rsm;usifh yGm;a&;tzdkh taxmuftul_zpfap&ef /

u|efawmfa_ym_yr,f ckvdkvkyfEdkifw,f ? u|efawmfh pmtkyf (pmtkyfxJrSm u|efawmfh "mwfyHkygw,f

r[kwfvm; ) udk ,l / 'grSr[kwf u|efawmf– "mwfyHkudk,l ? y'krRmjumyef;juD;oÐmef rk_'meJh Ak'<qif;wkudk

175

vufxJrSm xm;_yD; / u|efwmf–udk a_ymovdk / Þq&m taeuZm wifay;awmfrlyg ß vdkh qdkvdkuf&if /

rdepf0uftwGif; udpP_yD;a&m ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f / u|efawmfwdkh usifh olawGtwGufom _zpfw,f ?

aqGrsdK;rdwfo*F[awGudk vkyfay;&if tvum;yJ ? u|efawmfwdkh u usifh olawGudkom wm0ef,lwm ?

wcsdKhua_ymw,f / aqGrsdK;rdwfo*F[awGtdrfrSm ya,m*uif;apatmif q&m @Sif–"mwfyHkudk

oGm;ay;xm;w,fwJ– ? u|efawmfu omrefvlawGudk ya,m*uif;atmif vkyfay;wmr[kwfzl;?

ckvdkvkyfwm q&mudk r@dkrao_yK&mtusqHk;_zpfw,f ?

a_ray:bk&m; ? a_ray: Þawmufß qdkwmwdkh eJh ywfoufvdkh a_ymvmwJh tcg / t_zpf

wpf&yf@Sdao;w,f ? a@S;acwfu w@kwf_ynfrSm vlrsm;pGmwdkh[m awmjuD;awmifjuD;awGrSm usifh yGm;

tm;xkwfjuw,f/ ckbmhajumifhr&SdovJ? pifppf r@Sdwmr[kwfzl; / omrefvlawGudk todrcHwm /

enf;enf;rS avsm–roGm;zl; ? 'DvlawG[m pGrf;tif@Sdjuwmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? 'DESpfrsm;twGif;rSm 'DvlawG

r@Sdwm r[kwfzl; / 'DvlawG tukef@Sdw,f ? ckuÝmay:rSm axmiftrsm;@Sdwkef;yJ / u|efawmfwdkh EdkifiHrSm

tawmfuav;rsm;w,f ? txl;o_zifh xif@Sm;wJh awmawmife'DawGrSm@Sdjuw,f / wcsdKh awmifjuD;

awGrSmvJ @Sdw,f ? *lawGudk olwdkh u od'<deJh qdkh xm;avawmh / olwdkh udk b,f_rif&rvJ ? olwdkh taeeJh

usifh ju&mrSm / tc&mudkvJ rrd / enf;uvJ EHkcsmawmh / aES;wmaygh ? u|efawmfwdkh uawmh vlh pdwfudk

wdkuf@dkuf!$ef;xm;_yD; / u|efawmfwdkh pjum0Vm&Jh t_rif–qHk; *k%fowWdxl;t&a&m / pjum0Vm&Jh toGif

oÐmeft&yg usif–juavawm–/ pGrf;tifwufwm odyf_refwmayg–? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawm– usif–yGm;

tm;xkwfa&;qdkwmu yd&rpfyHkpHrsdK;eJh wlaewmudk; ? tv,fqHk;urS A[dkvrf;rjuD;_zpf_yD; / ab;u

[mawGu vrf;uav;awG _zpfjuw,f ? usifh &mrSm pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; _rifh csifrS _rifh rSm / 'Dawmh usifhwm

tqifh r_rifh ao;yJeJh Om%ftvif;yGifhcsifyGifhvmrSm ? 'gayr,fvdkh wu,fusifh wJh vrf;rjuD;eJh pm&ifawmh

tyHkjuD;udk uGmwmaygh ?

ckvdkvrf;aÕrmifusifh enf;u q&mawGuvJ wynfh awGoifaewmyJ ? olh usifh enf;tae

eJh ckavmuftqifh txdom a&mufEdkifwmuwpfajumif; / pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;uvJ tJ'Dtqifh txd

avmufom a&mufEdkifwmuwpfajumif;ajumifh / wynfh awGvJ tJ'Dtqifh avmuftxdom usifh Edkifju

wmaygh ? vrf;aÕrmifusifh enf;wdkh taeeJh tpGeftzsm;usav / pnf;urf;uvem;awGqdkwmvJrsm;av /

usifh yHkusifh enf;wdkh uvJ@+yfavyJ ? tc&mudkrodvdkh / rusifh wwfvdkh cufaewmaygh ? vlawGtaeeJh usifh

ju&mrSm / t"dutm;_zif– pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;udk usif–&wm_zpfw,f ? 'Dtcsufudk olwdkhcrsm em;rvnf

@SmyJudk; ? qif;&J'k=cH&if usif–vdkh&wmyJvdkh xifaeju&Smw,f ? 'gajumif–rdkh vdkh tcsdefumvjumanmif;pGm

176

/ ESpfaygif;&meJh axmifeJh csDusifh cJh ygrS / pGrf;tifuav; enf;enf;yg;yg; avmuf omwufvm@Smw,f ?

pifppfawm–um olwdkh[m qif;&J'k=cH_cif;tm;_zif– pGrf;tif&vmjuwmr[kwfzl;? 'Dawm–b,fvdk&vm

juwmvJ ? vlawGvdkayg– / ysdK@G,fpOfu pdwftpGJtvrf;awGqdkwm trsm;juD;aygh ? tdkvmwJh tcgusawmh /

ESpfawGanmif;vdkh umvawGa_ymif; / ar#mfrSef;csuf tvm;tvmawGvJ a&_zpfukef&wmeJh tr# /

tpGJtrsdK;rsdK;awGvJ "rRwmtavsmufa_y;ukefju / a0;ukefjuwm_zpfw,f ? ckvdk vrf;a_rSmifusif–

enf;awGvJ 'DyHkpHrsdK;aygh ? urRõmef;xdkif_cif; / pdwfat;csrf; wnf^idrfatmiform"d xlaxmif_cif; /

qif;&J'k=cH_cif;tm;_zif– usif–&if;-usif–&if; / pGrf;tifwufvmwmudk olwdkh awGh ju&w,f ? 'gayr,fvdkh

omrefvlwdkh &Jh tpGJtvrf;awGqdkwm qif;&Jyifyef;vSwJh c&D;jurf;wav#mufrSm umvjumanmif;pGm

cufcufcJcJ _zwfoef;cJ–_yD;ygrS w_znf;_znf;yGef;ukef-_y,fukefjuwm_zpfajumif; / 'DpdwfawG wwdwwd

w_znf;_znf; aysmufukefawmh rS pGrf;tifvJ wufvmEdkifwm_zpfajumif;udkawmh olwdkh crsm rodju&Smzl; ?

u|efawmfwdkhuawm– &nfpl;csufyDyDoo _ywf_ywfom;om; vkyfaqmifaejuwm

_zpfw,f ? vlh pdwftpGJazsmufEdkifatmif / 'Dpdwfudk wu,fwrf; OD;wnfusif–juavawm– usif–wm

tifrwefh udk _refwmaygh ? ae&mwcsdKh udk u|efawmfa&mufzl;w,f / 'DvlawGeJh rjumc%qHk&w,f ? usifh

wmjum_yDaygh ? olwdkh u b,fvdka_ymovJqdkawmh ÞusKyfwdkh 'DrSm&SdrSef; b,fvlrS rodzl; ? oifh 'DudpPudk

usKyfwdkh rpGufzl; ? taESmifh t,SufvJ r_yKzl; ß vdkh qdkw,f ? 'guaumif;wJh tpm;xJu _zpfw,f ?

raumif;wmvJ @Sdw,f / raumif;wmusawmh u|efawmfwdkh uudkifwG,fypf&rSm_zpfw,f?

Oyrm / auGh judK;_rdKh rSm u|efawmfyxrtjudrf oifwef;ay;aepOf / wpfaeh rSm vlwpfa,muf u|efawmfh

qDa&mufvm_yD; / olh tzdk;q&mocifu u|efawmfeJh awGh vdkajumif; / olh tzdk;q&mocifu b,folb,f

0g_zpfajumif; / usifh wmESpfaygif;rsm;pGm@Sd_yD_zpfajumif; a_ym_yw,f ? 'Dvlh junfh &wm udk,fay:u

arSmif&dyfoef;aewJh tcdk;taiGhawGuvJraumif; / rsufESmuvJ 0gjuifh juifh eJhrdkh / u|efawmfu tcsdefr&

vdkh roGm;EdkifwJ–tajumif; a_ymv$wfvdkufw,f ? tusdK;quftaeeJh olh [dktzdk;juD;u oabmracGhyJudk; ?

u|efawmf–udk taESmif–t,Suf ay;vmygava&m ? aeh wdkif;aESmif–,Sufw,f ? u|efawmf– 'Dvlu olrsm;eJh

&eftwdkuftcdkufvkyfcsifwmr[kwfzl; / olrsm;eJhzuf_zpfcsifwmvJr[kwfbl; ? olraumif;wmawG

v$wfvm&if / u|efawmfu@Sif;ypf ? _yD;&if oifwef; qufay;aygh ?

rifrif;qufwkef;u w&m;usifh olwpfa,muf@Sdw,f ? usifh aepOf a_rGwpfaumifu olh

tay:tyrSDvmw,f ? aemuf'Dvlusifh wm ratmifyJaoawmh / tJ'Da_rGu olh cE<mudk,fudk tydkifpD;_yD;usifh

&muae vlh toGifoÐmef&vmw,f ? tJ[dkvl&Jh tzdk;q&mocifqdkwm tJ'Da_rGuae _zpfvmwJh vlh

177

toGifaygh ? olh ADZu ra_ymif;avawmh / a_rGjuD;wpfaumifvdk zefqif;_yD; u|efawmfh udk

aESmifh ,Suf_yefa&m ? vGeftm;juD;wmeJh / u|efawmfu vufxJ zrf;xm;vdkufw,f ? t&nfaysmfod'<dvdkh

ac:wJh tifrwef_yif;wJh od'<dwpfrsdK;eJh / olh udk,fatmufydkif;udk t&nfaysmfoGm;atmif vkyfypfvdkufw,f ?

olh udk,ftay:ydkif;uawmh _yefa_y;oGm;wmaygh ?

wpfaeh usawm–/ u|efawmfwdkh auGh judK;yhHydk;pcef;rSL;udk olh a_r;wynfh wpfa,muf

uvmac:w,f ? olh tzdk;q&mu awGh csifvdkh ygwJh ? pcef;rSL;u vdkufoGm;w,f ? *lxJ0ifvdkufwJh tcg

arSmifarSmifrJrJ bmrSr_rif&zl; ? vl&dyfwpfck xdkifaewmudkom _rif&w,f ? rsufpdu tpdrf;a&mifvufae

w,f ? rsufpdyGifh vmwJh tcg *lxJrSmvif;_yD; / _yefrSdwfoGm;wJh tcg arSmifoGm;_yefw,f ? a'o÷&pum;

wpfrsdK;eJh olub,fvdka_ymovJqdkawmh / ÞvD[kefjunf vm_yefawmh r,f ? 'Dwpfcg usKyfwdkh taeeJh

[dkvdkudpPrsdK;udk b,fvlrS vkyfawmh rSm r[kwfzl; ? usKyfrSm;_yD ? vD[kefjunfu vlawGudk vmc|wfwm ß

vdkh qdkw,f ? a_r;wynfh u Þtzdk;q&m / rwfwyf&yfav ? a_caxmufbm_zpfvdkhvJ ß vdkh ar;awmh Þig

&yfr&zl; / a_caxmuf'%f&m &aevdkh ß vdkh qdkw,f ? bm_zpfvdkh '%f&m&wmvJvdkh ar;awm–/ olaESmif–

,SufwJ–tajumif;awGudk _yefa_ym_yw,f / 1993 ckESpfu yDuif;rSm usif;ywJ– ta@Sh wdkif;usef;rma&;

_yyGJrSm/ u|efawmf–udk xyfaESmif–,Sufvm_yefw,f ? olh taeeJh raumif;wmawGcsnf; vkyfaewmu

wpfajumif; / u|efawmfw&m;awmfjuD; _zefh csDwmudk zsufqD;wmu wpfajumif;ajumifh / t_yD;tydkifudk

azsmufzsufypfvdkufa&m ? azsmufzsufypfvdkufwJh aemufrSm / olh ynmarmifESrawmfawGua&m / ynm

nDtpfudkawmfawGuyg tukefxwG,fcsifjuw,f ? u|efawmf pum;enf;enf;a_ymvdkufwJh tcg / olwdkh

tukefvefh ukefjuw,f / zdrfh zdrfh wkefukefjuw,f ? b,fvlrS rv+yf0Hh juawmh zl; ? bmudpPqdkwmudkvJ

t&nfvnfvmjua&m ? olwdkh txJuwcsdKh qdk&if ESpfumv jum_rif–pGm usif–vmcJ–ju_yD _zpfwJ–wdkifatmif/

vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm; omrefvlt_zpfrSmyJ @SdaejuwmudkawGh&w,f ? 'gu taeuZmwif_cif;tajumif;

a_ym&if; / Oyrm enf;enf;_ywm _zpfw,f ?

t&yfynmtwwf

t&yfynmtwwfqdkwm bmvJ ? usifh yGm;tm;xkwfavmurSm / vlrsm;pGmwdkh [m usifh

pOf oif_y&mrSm / ,if;udkvJ usifh yGm;a&;todkif;t0dkif;u tpdwftydkif;wpf&yft_zpf oifay;aejuw,f ?

178

pifppf,if;[m usifh yGm;a&;todkif;t0dkif;xJu r[kwfzl; ? olh [mu v#dKh 0Sufenf;edoswdkh / *gxmr÷efwdkh /

twwfoabmvdk[mrsdK;wdkh udkoifay;wm ? tif;cs / tar$;wdkif@d+h / puUL@d+h / r÷efpkyf ... tp@SdwJ–toGif

oÐmefawGudk oHk;juw,f ? olh [mu a&m*gukvdkh &w,f / ukyHkukenf;uvJ wrlxl;w,f ? Oyrm-

wpfa,mufa,muf rsufESmrSm tempdrf;aygufaew,f qdkygawmh ? olu pkwfwHudk [oF_y'g;rSif a&pkwf_yD;

a_ray:rSm puf0dkif;-0dkif;vdkufw,f ? t0dkif;xJrSm juufa_cvJcwfvdkufw,f ? tJ'Dvludk puf0dkif; xJu

A[dktpufae&mrSm rwfwyf&yfcdkif;_yD; r÷efpkyfygava&m ? wzufu r÷ef@Gwf&if; / [oF_y'g;rSif

pkwfxm;wJh pkwfwHeJh vlemrsufESmay:rSm qGJovdkqGJaew,f ? watmifh avmuftjumrSm /

r÷efpkyf^yD;w,fqdk tempdrf;ay:wdkh csvdkufa&m ? Þaysmuf_yD ß wJh ? prf;junfh vdkufawmh / i,foGm;w,f /

remawmhzl; ? tJ'Dvdk a&m*gtao;tzGJuav;awGudk ukvdkh &w,f ? a&m*gjuD;juD;us,fus,fawG

usawmh r&zl; ? vufarmif;atmifh wmrsdK;qdk&if / *gwm@Gwf&if; / vufarmif;qefh cdkif;w,f ? 'Dzufvuf

vufreJh vuf!dSK;jum;u [Jh ul trSwfae&muae r+wfoGif;vdkufwm / [dkzufvuf [Jh ul

trSwfae&muae xGufoGm;owJh ? prf;junfh wJh tcg temoufomoGm;a&mwJh ? _yD;awmh / puUL@d+h /

tif;qGJ / tif;cs tp@Sd wmawGudkvJ vkyfjuw,fwJh ?

Þawmufß *dk%f;u vrf;aÕrmifenf;rSm / cE<mudk,fusifh a&;udk usifh raeyJ / aA'if / a_rjuef

v=%m / ya,m*ESif / a&m*guk ponfwdkh vkyfaejuw,f ? rsm;aomtm;_zifh

vrf;aÕrmifuav;awGrSm ,if;wdkhudk oHk;aejuw,f ? a&m*gawmh ukvdkh &w,f / 'gayrJh oHk;wJh

enf;uawmh aumif;vSwm r[kwfzl; ? bmudktoHk;cs_yD; a&m*gukaew,fqdkwmudk u|efawmfwdkh

a_ymraeawm–zl; / u|efawmfwdkh w&m;awmfjuD; usif–olwdkhtaeeJh roHk;juaveJh ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawm–

tifrwefedrf– tifrwef raumif;wJ–owif;tcsuftvufawGygaevdkh _zpfw,f ? a@S;acwfu

w@kwf_ynfrSm a&m*gukenf;awGudk bmom&yftvdkuf pepfwus cGJay;xm;w,f ? Oyrm-t@dk;quf /

tyfpdkuf / tESdyfte,f / tajum_yif / tcdk;usif–pOfa&m*guk / b,aq;a&m*guk ponf_zif–

bmom&yftrsm;juD;cGJxm;w,f ? a&m*gukenf; wdkif;udk bmom&yfwpfckpDt_zpf cGJ&mrSm /

'Dt&yfynmtwwfudk trSwf(13) t_zpf pDpOfxm;vdkh / emrnf t_ynf–tpHku t&yfynmtwwf

trSwf(13) bmom&yfvdkh ac:w,f ? t&yfynmtwwf[m u|efawmfwdkh usif–yGm;tm;xkwfa&;

todkif;t0dkif;u r[kwfzl; ? usif–&muae&vmwJ– pGrf;tifr[kwfzl; / ynmtwwfoabmvdk[mrsdK;

_zpfw,f ?

179

qXr ydkh cscsuf

rD;upm;_cif;-bDvl;pD;_cif; (pdwfazmuf_yef_cif;)

usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&;avmurSm ckvdka_ymaejuw,f / Þ rD;upm;_cif;-bDvl;pD;_cif; ß wJ–?

vlxkjum;rSmvJ *,ufodyfjuD;wm ? txl;o_zifh 'DudpPudk wcsdKh u odyfcsJh um;juwm / wcsdKh qdk&if

tcdk;usifh pOfawmif rusifh &Jawmh zl; ? tcdk;usifh pOfusifh &if ÞbDvl;pD;ß vmvdrf–r,fvdkh a_ymoHjum;

&wmeJh / rusifh &Jjuawm–zl; ? pifppfu|efawmfa_ymr,f ? ÞrD;upm;_cif;-bDvl;pD;_cif;ß qdkwm tv#if;udk

r@Sdzl; ?

udk,f–[mudk,fpdwfxm;rrSefvdkh tyrSDcH&olawGqdkwmuawm–renf;zl; ? udk,f–y"me

todpdwftaeeJh udk,f–udkudk,f rxdef;csKyfEdkifwmudkyJ pGrf;tifvdkh atmif;ar–aeju@Smw,f ? cE<mudk,fudk

tyrSDtaumifawGu judK;udkifxm;juwmeJh tr# / 'DvlawG[m pdwfrESHhwJ–vlawGvdk / awmifa_ym

a_rmufa_ym aygufu& av#mufa_ymvdka_ymju / a[;vm;0g;vm; vkyfvdkvkyfju / i,foH ygatmif

atmfvdkatmfjueJh _zpfaewwfjuw,f ? ckvdk t_zpfrsdK;awGh &wJh tcg / vlawGvefh ukefjuwmaygh /

b,fusifh&JawmhrvJ ? u|efawmfwdkh vlaygif;rsm;pGmwdkh tJ'gudktcdk;usifh pOfvdkh xifaejuw,f ?

'gb,fuvm tcdk;usifh pOf[kwf&rvJ ? 'gutedrfh qHk;-tedrfh qHk;ua&m*guif;a&; / usef;rma&;

ta_ctaersdK;om _zpfw,f ? 'gayr,fvdkh odyf t÷&m,frsm;w,f ? oifh taeeJh ckvdktusifh ygae&if / oifh

y"metodpdwftaeeJh udk,fh udkudk,f xdef;vdkh&rSmr[kwfzl; ? 'Dawmh oifh cE<mudk,ftaeeJh /

omrntodpdwfu _c,fvS,fwmudk_zpfap / _yifyowif;tcsuftvufwdkh / tyrSDwd&ðmefwdkh

vdk[mrsdK;awGu _c,fvS,fwmudk_zpfap cH&_yD; / t÷&m,frsm;wJh vkyfyHkrsdK;awG vkyfaumif;vkyfvm

p&m@Sdw,f ? _yD;awmh usifh yGm;tm;xkwfa&;avmutzdkh zsufqD;tm;vJ odyfjuD;wm ? ckvdk_zpf&wmu

w_cm;ajumifh r[kwfzl; / vlawG&Jh pdwfa_zmifh rSef_cif;r@Sdvdkh / juGm;csif0g csifpdwf_yif;vGef;vdkh _zpf&wm ? 'g

ÞrD;upm;_cif;-bDvl;pD;_cif; ß r[kwfzl; ? wcsdKh uqdk&ifvJ b,fub,f vdktcdk;usifh pOfq&mqdkwm

_zpfvmrSef; rodzl; ? ÞrD;upm;_cif;-bDvl;pD;_cif; ß qdkwmudkvJolwdkhu av#muf a_ymaejuw,fav ?

pifppf tcdk;usifh pOfusifh wm ÞrD;upm;_cif;-bDvl;pD;_cif; ß _zpfrSmr[kwfzl; ? vlawG[m rsm;aomtm;_zifh /

t"dutm;_zifh pmayvuf&mwdkh uGefzl;0wÔKwdkhuae 'Da0g[m&udkodvmju&wm _zpfw,f ? r,Hk&if

180

a@S;pmtkyfawG / usifh yGm;a&;pmtkyfawGudk _yefjunfh / ckvdkudpPrsdK; r@Sdzl; ? ÞrD;upm;_cif;-bDvl;pD;_cif; ß

qdkwmrsdK; b,fuvm @Sd&rSmvJ ? ckvdkudpPrsdK; tv#if;udk _zpfrSmr[kwfzl; ?

a,bl,stm;_zifh a_ymaejuwJh ÞrD;upm;_cif;-bDvl;pD;_cif; ß qdkwm toGif 3-4rsdK;

avmuf@Sdw,f ? ckeu u|efawmfa_ymwmvJ wrsdK;aygh ? wcsdKh qdk&if udk,fh [mudk,f pdwfxm;a_zmifh

rSef_cif; r@Sdvdkh / tyrSDcHvmju&w,f ? 'Djum;xJrSm tcdk;usifh pOft_zpftaeqdkwmudk rufvdkufao;w,f /

0ifh csifjuGm;csifvdkufjuao;w,f ? wcsdKh uqdk&ifvJ pGrf;tifudk wdkuf@dkufpGJvrf;vdk pGJvrf;aeju

wmuwrsdK; / ta&_cHKtcdk;usifh pOfawGudk usifh vdkusifh juwmuwzHk _zpfaejuw,f ? usifh ju_yD

qdk&ifrS_zifh / udk,fh y"metodpdwfudkypfxm;wm tusifh ygaeavawmh / udk,fh [mudk,f bmrSodjuawmh

rSmr[kwfzl; ? cE<mudk,fudk olrsm;vufxJxdk;tyf&musawmh rSm_zpfw,f ? 'Dawmh um omrn

todpdwfu_zpfap / _yifyowif;tcsuftvufwdkh u_zpfap _c,fvS,fwmudk @l;ajumifajumifcH&^yD; / tHh

p&maumif;avmufatmif xl;xl;_cm;_cm;udk vkyfvmjurSm_zpfw,f ? wdkufay:u ckefcsqdk ckefcsrSmyJ ?

a&xJ ckefcsqdkvJcsrSmyJ ? olh [molawmifrS touf@Sifraecsifawmh yJudk; ? udk,fh cE<mudk olrsm;vufxJ

yHktyfxm;aerSudk; ? 'g ÞrD;u pm;_cif;-bDvl;pD;_cif; ß r[kwfzl; ? 'grsdK;u usifh &if;vrf;rSm;vdkufrd&m

uswmrsdK;_zpfw,f ? pcgp wkef;uawmh wriftJ'Dvdk vkyfrd&muae _zpfvm&wm_zpfw,f ? cE<mudk,f

[dk,drf;'D,dkif _zpfwmrsdK;udkyJ tcdk;usifh pOfusifh wmvdkh xifaejuolawGrenf;zl; ? pifppfwu,fusif–wJ–

tcg tJ'Dvdk vkyf&if juD;av; wJh tusdK; qufay:vmaprSm _zpfw,f ? 'gtcdk;usifh pOfusifh wmr[kwfzl; /

omrefvlwdkh &Jh tpGJwdkh / &rufwdkh uae ay:vm&wJh &vm'f_zpfw,f ?

aemufwpfrsdK;uawmh / udk,fcE<m wpfae&m&mrSm tcdk;qdkh aewwfwmrsdK; ? 'grSr[kwf

xdyfay:uae qif;rvmEdkifwmrsdK;eJh juHK&&if / wcsdKh u ajumufjuw,f ? vlh udk,fcE<m[m pjum0Vm

uav; wpfck_zpfw,f ? txl;o_zifh Þawmufß usifh pOftaeeJh *dwfausmfwJh tcg / ckvdk pdwftdkufp&m

rsdK;eJh awGh &wwfw,f ? ausmfvdkh r&&if wpfae&m&mrSm qdkh ^yD; w0Jvnfvnf_zpfaerSm _zpfw,f ?

acgif;rSmwif r[kwfzl; ? 'd_yif ae&mvJ twlwlyJ ? 'gayr,fvdkh tm@HkcH txufqHk;uawmh acgif;aygh ?

acgif;ay:udk tcdk;a&mufwJh tcg _yefqif;vmvdrfh r,f ? *dwfudkausmfvdkh r&&if / acgif;av;_cif; / yG_cif; /

OD;xkyf txljuD;wpfvHk; aqmif;xm;&ovdk tcH&cuf_cif; ponfwdkh _zpfay:vmvdrfh r,f ? 'gayr,fh

tcdk;qdkwm bmrS txdef; tcsKyfoabm @Sdwmr[kwfvdkh / bmrS'k= _zpfp&mr@Sdzl; / bma&m*grSvJ _zpfp&m

tajumif;r@Sdzl; ? wcsdKhu tcdk;usifh pOft_zpf oepfrSefudk em;rvnfyJeJJh / *ÝD&qefqef r[kwfu[kwfu

t&rf;av#mufa_ymjuwm / A@kwfok=udk_zpfvdkh ? 'geJh wcsdKh uacgif;ay:uae tcdk;awGqif;rvm Edkif&if

181

ÞrD;upm;_cif;-bDvl;pD;_cif; ß _zpf&awmh rSm / tarSmufarSmuftrSm;rSm; _zpf&awmh rSmvdkh

xifaejuwmaygh ? tusdK;quf taeeJh vlrsm;pGmwdkh [m udk,fh [mudk,f ajumufaejuwmaygh ?

acgif;ay:udk tcdk;awGwuf&muae _yefqif;rvmEdkifwm[m wpfpHkwpfckaomumvu

t_zpfrsdK;om_zpfw,f ?wcsdKh uawm–jumwwfw,f / ESpf0ufawmifqif;rvmEdkifao;zl; ? qif;rvm

Edkif&if / wu,f– tcdk;usif–pOfq&mudktultnDawmif;&if c%av;eJh usvmEdkifrSm_zpfw,f ? 'Dawm–

u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh usif–yGm;tm;xkwf ju&mrSm / *dwfrausmfEdkifwmrsdK; / tcdk;qif;rvmEdkifwmrsdK;eJh juHK&if

/ pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;tajumif;&if; udkppfjunfh zdkh aumif;w,f ? tqifh wpfckckrSm odyfjumaevdkh rsm;vm; /

pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; Õrifh ay;zdkh vdk^yD eJh wlw,f / ponf_zifh aygh ? oifh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;om wu,fwrf;

wufvmygav / usvmwmudk oifawGh &rSm _zpfw,f ? pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; wufrvmyJeJh udk,fcE<mxJu

pGrf;tifwufvmzdkh qdkwm b,f_zpfEdkifrvJ ? pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; wufvmygrSom / wpkwvHk;aom

wdk;wufr+vJ vdkufyg_zpf ay:vmrSm_zpfw,f ? tjuifoltaeeJh wu,fh ukdtcdk;awGqdkh aeOD;awmh / bmrS

udpP@SdrSmr[kwfzl; ? ajumufaejuwmuawm– w_cm;ajumif–r[kwfzl; / udk,f–[mudk pdwfxJu

ajumufwmuwpfajumif; / acgif;ay:tcdk;awGa&mufae&if / twdrf;tapmif;_zpfwwf w,f&,fvdkh

ta&_cHKtcdk;usif–pOfq&mawGa_ymoHudk jum;&wmuwpfajumif;ajumif–_zpfw,f ? tJ'Dvdkom

ajumufpdwfay:ae&if wu,fh udk 'k=rsm;aumif; rsm;&rSm ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh ajumufw,fqdkwm

ajumufpdwfaygh ? 'gtpGJr[kwfvm; ? tpGJay:vm&if c|wf&rSm r[kwfvm; ? ajumufav-a&m*geJh

wlavqdkawmh / oifh 'DtpGJudk c|wfudkypf&rSm r[kwfvm; ? oifh taeeJh 'Duae oifcef;pm&ygrS

ajumufpdwf_y,frSmudk; / wufvmEdkifrSmudk; ?

usif–olwdkh taeeJh a@Sh udkqufusif–oGm;&mrSmvJ oufawmif–oufom@SdrSm r[kwfzl; ?

cE<mudk,frSm pGrf;tifawG trsm;juD; ay:vmrSm _zpfw,f ? tifrweftm;aumif;wJ– pGrf;tifawG wudk,fvHk;

'Duv+yfvdkuf [dkuv+yfvdkufeJh [mb,faevdkh aumif;ygh rvJ ? oiftae&txdkif& roufomwm w_cm;

ajumif–r[kwfzl; ? a&m*g&rSmudk ajumufaewmut"duayg–? pifppf oif–udk,fxJrSm ckavmuf

tm;aumif;wJ–[mawGay:vm_yD / tukefod'<dawGcsnf;ayg– / pGrf;tifawGcsnf;ayg–? ouf@Sdc÷mawG

qdkwmvJ enf;rsmr[kwfbl; ? tukefvHk;omv+yf&if ,m;vJ,m; / emvJem / tcH&vJ usyfrSmyJ ?

tm@Hkajumtzsm;ydkif;awGqdk&ifvJ tm@HkcHpm;r+xufwmrdkh / cHpm;r+v=%mtrsdK;rsdK; _yvmrSm_zpfw,f ?

oif–udk,fcE<mtaeeJh pGrf;tif_rif–0wÔKawGeJh tpm;rxdk;&ao;or# umvywfvHk; / ckvdkcHpm;r+awG

@SdaerSmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? trSefuawmh aumif;wJh udpPawGaygh ? usifh olwpfa,muf taeeJh / udk,fh udkudk,f

182

omrefvlt_zpf oabmxm;ae&if / a&m*g@Sdaew,fvdkh xifae&if / b,fh eJh vkyfusifh ygh rvJ ? usifh

yGm;_zpfpOftwGif; ab;'k= qdkufvm&wJh tcgrsdK;rSm / oifh taeeJh uudk,fh udkudk,fomrefvlt_zpfyJ

oabmxm;aeOD;r,fqdk&if / u|efawmfa_ymr,f / oifh pdwf&nf pdwfaoG;[m tJ[dktcgrSm

omrefvlawGjum; usa&mufae&_yDomrSwfayawmh ? ,kwfpGtqHk; 'D_y\emrSm omrefvltqif–

usa&mufae&_yDom rSwfayawm–?

wu,f– usif–olyDyD-u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh / _y\emawGudk omrefvlwdkh &Jh t_rifeJh oHk;oyf

rJh tpm; / tifrwef_rifh wJh tqifh uae oHk;oyfzdkh aumif;w,f ? oifh taeeJh udk,fh udkudk,f a&m*g@Sd_yDvdkh

xif&if / wu,fh udk a&m*g&aumif;&vmrSm_zpfw,ff ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh / oifh taeeJh a&m*g

&ae_yDvdkh xifaewJh tcg / oifh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;[m omrefvleJh wwef;wpm;wnf; _zpfae_yDaygh ?

tcdk;usif–pOfusif–olawGeJh wu,fusifh yGm;olawGtaeeJh / txl;o_zifh ckvdkta_ctaersdK;rSm / a&m*g&p&m

@SdrSmr[kwfzl; ? trsm;odwJh twdkif; / wu,fwrf; a&m*g&w,fqdkwm / pdwfydkif;u (7) csdK; / a&m*gydkif;u

(3) csdK; _zpfw,f ? pdwf"mwft&if _ydKysufvm / r[efu0efxkyf0efydk;juD; av;vmwmeJh tr#

a&m*gta_ctaevJ ydkqdk;vmwwfw,f ? a,bl,stm;_zifh uawmh 'DyHkrsdK;csnf;aygh ? om"u_y&&if /

wpfcgu vlwpfa,mufudk ckwifrSm judK;eJhwkyf_yD; / rsufpdudk ydwfpeJhcsnfxm;w,f ? aoG;azmufr,fqdk_yD;

olh vufaumuf0wfudk tomuav; _cpfvdkufw,f ? (olh vufaumuf0wfu aoG;wpfpufrSrxGufzl; )

a&ydkufacgif;udk wpfpufwpfpufcsif; usatmif zGifh vdkufw,f ? tJ'Dvlu olh aoG;xGufw,fxif_yD; /

rjumcif aooGm;a&m ? pifppf olaoG;rS rxGufyJ ? xGufwmu a&bHkbdkifua& ? 'Dvlhcrsm rdrdpdwfajumifh

aoqHk;oGm;&&Smw,f ? oifh taeeJh iga&m*g&ae_yDvdkh csnf;xifae&if / wu,fh udk &aumif;&vmrSm ?

bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh oifh pdwf&nf pdwfaoG;u omrefvltqifh usaerSudk; ? 'Dawmh omrefvltaeeJh

a&m*g&wm qef;wmrSwfvdkh ?

usifh oltaeeJh igawmh a&m*g&ae_yDvdkh xifae&if / pifppf oif[m wrf;w&m usae_yD/

a&m*gwrf;w&m usae_yD / 'Dawmh a&m*gu 0ifvmEdkifawmh rSmaygh ? usifh oltaeeJh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;_rifh

zdkh aumif;w,f ? oifhtaeeJh a&m*gudkajumufraeeJh / a&m*gudkajumufwm[mvJ tpGJ_zpfwmrdkh / oif

^*dKvfwdk;&rSm_zpfw,f ? usifh yGm;tm;xkwf&mrSm 0ãfajuG;uHajuG;awGudk qyf&r,f / 0ãfajuG;uHajuG;

qyfw,fqdkwm 'k=cH&_cif;aygh / Zdrf@Sd@Sd pGrf;tifwuf_cif;qdkwmrsdK; b,f@SdEdkifygh rvJ ? Edkh r[kwf&if / oifh

tpGJawG b,fh eJh vkyfu|wfygh rvJ ? Ak'<bmomxJuyHkwpfckudk u|efawmfa_ym_yr,f / a@S;wkef;u vlwpf

a,muf judK;pm;yrf;pm;w&m;usifh wm / &[÷mt_zpf aygufvma&m ? r*fzdkvftqifh &awmh rSm / &[÷m

183

_zpf&awmh rSmqdkawmh 0rf;romyJ aeygh rvm; ? avmu(3) yg;u vGwfawmh rSm / 'gayr,fh ckvdk

0rf;omyHkrsdK;[mvJ Oyg'gefwpfrsdK; / yDwdtpGJwpfrsdK; _zpfaew,fav ? &[÷mqdkwm t_yKrJh _zpfae&rSm /

pdwftm@Hkwnf̂ idrfae&rSm r[kwfvm; ? 'geJh olhcrsm _yefusoGm;&a&m / usif–wmawG ta[moduH

_zpf&ygava&m ? 'Dawm– _yefusif–&_yefwmayg–/ renf;juD;udk tm;pdkufygrS _yefwufvmEdkif_yefa&m ?

'DwpfcsDusawmh olajumufaea&m ? Þigawm– 0rf;omvdkh r_zpfzl; ? xyf0rf;omrd&if _yefus&OD;rSm ß qdk_yD;

pdwfxJrSm wwGwfwGwf &Gwfaerdw,f ? olckvdk ajumuf_yefawm– / usoGm;&_yefygava&m ? ajumufwm

[mvJ tpGJwpfrsdK; ayudk; ?

aemufwpfrsdK;uawm–/ tjuifoltaeeJh pdwWZa&m*g&wmudk ÞrD;upm;_cif;-bDvl;pD;_cif;ß

vdkh qdkwm_zpfw,f ? wcsdKh uqdk&ifvJ olwdkh pdwWZa&m*gudk ukay;zdkh u|efawmfh udk apmifh aejuw,f ?

u|efawmfa_ymr,f / pdwWZa&m*gqdkwm a&m*gr[kwfzl; / 'gawGudk u|efawmfvJ vSnf–rjunf–tm;zl; ?

bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawm– ? pdwWZa&m*gonfawG[m bmAdkif;&yfydk;rS @Sdwmr[kwfzl; ? cE<mrSmvJ a&m*g_y

v=%mwdkh / ,Of;emwdkh bmrS@Sdwmr[kwfzl; ? u|efawmfh t_rift& a_ym&&if a&m*gr[kwfzl; ?

pdwWZa&m*gqdkwm tjuifol&Jh y"metodpdwf aysmh nHh vGef;ae_cif;_zpfw,f ? b,fxdatmif aysmh nHh

aevdkufovJqdk&if / udk,f–[mudk,f OD;pD;OD;udkifrvkyfEdkifwJ– txdavmufudk_zpfaewm ? 'DpdwWZ

a&m*gonf&Jh y"merlvewfqdk&if tJ'Dvdkudk_zpfaewm / rdrdudk,fcE<mudk rtkyfxdef;csifawm–wJ–

txdavmufudk_zpfae&wm ? olh[mu vef;vef;qef;qef;udk _zpfrvmEdkifyJ / t_rJwap rdef;armawGa0

ae@Smw,f ? 'Dawm– omrntodpdwfwdkh / _yifyowif; tcsuftvufwdkh u 0if_c,fvS,fvmjuawmh

rSmayg–? [if;vif;_yifawGqdkwm tqif–awG-tqif–awG enf;wmrSwfvdkh ? owif;tcsuftvuf

trsdK;rsdK;wdkh u olh udk0if_c,fvS,fvmjuawm–rSmayg–? _yD;awm– olh y"merlvewftaeeJh twdwfb0u

raumif;wmawG vkyfrdaumif;vkyfrdrSm_zpfw,f ? ajuG;@SifawGuqdk&ifvJ olh udk t÷&m,fay;aumif;

ay;vmjurSm_zpfw,f / udpPtrsdK;rsdK; ay:vmrSm_zpfw,f ? pdwWZa&m*gqdkwm 'grsdK;ayg– ? 'Dawm–

u|efawmfu b,fvdkvkyf ukay;&rSmvJ ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f / wu,f– pdwWZa&m*gqdkwm ckvdk&vmwm

ayg– ? 'Dawm– b,f–eJh vkyfrvJ ? olh udk Edk;Ekd;jum;jum; vef;vef;qef;qef; _zpfvmatmif ynmay;zdkhyJ

@Sdwmayg– ? 'gayr,fvdkh odyfcufwm ? pdwWZaq;@Hkuq&m0efudk junf–ygvm; ? v#yfppfwkwfwHudk

vufxJrSm q-q _yvdkuf@HkeJh / vlemcrsm r[kwfu[kwfuawG wpfcGef;rS t&rf;av#mufra_ym0Hh awm–zl;?

bm_zpfvdkh ckvdk_zpf&wmvJ ? olh y"merlvewfu Edk;Edk;jum;jum; _zpfaerSudk; ? "mwfvdkufrSm

ajumufawm–wmayg–?

184

vlqdkwm usif–yGm;tm;xkwfa&;abmifxJudk a&mufvmjuwJ–tcg / a@Sh quf_yD; usif–

oGm;csifjuw,f ? Ak'<pdwfa&m / usif–juHa&;pdwfyg vlwdkif;@Sdaejuwmrdkh / usif–pOfudkwwfvmju_yDqdk&if

wpfoufvHk; usif–oGm;rJ–olawG enf;rSmr[kwfzl; ? tjuifoltaeeJh usif–vdkh wufEdkif rwufEdkif / w&m;

&if0,fydkufEdkif rydkufEdkifqdkwmudktyxm; / w&m;vdkcsifpdwf@Sd_yD _zpfavawm–um / quf_yD;usif–oGm;awm–

rSmom _zpfw,f ? olusif–aerSef; tukefodw,f ? @Hk;cef;u vlawGodw,f / t&yfxJuvJ odw,f /

tdrfeD;csif;awGvJ odjuwmyJ ? wpfqdwfavmuf pOf;pm;junf–juprf;yg ? vGefcJ–wJ–ESpfrsm;u b,fol

wu,fwrf; usif–vdkhvJ ? r@Sdzl; ? wu,fusif–ygrSom / olh b0c&D;udk a_ymif;ay;vdkh &rSm _zpfw,f ?

omrefvl_zpfwJ– olh taeeJh a&m*guif;a&; / usef;rma&;avmufudkom usif–aewm / olh b0vrf;c&D;udk

b,folu a_ymif;ay;rSmvJ ? omrefvlqdkwm b,faeh us&if a&m*g&vm&rSm / b,faeh us&if

pdwftdkufp&meJh juHKvm&rSm / b,faeh us&if pdwWZa&m*g &csif&vm&rSm / 'grSr[kwf&ifvJ wcgwnf;udk

ZD0defcsKyfaumif; csKyfoGm;&rSm ? omrefvlwdkh &Jh wpfoufwmqdkwm 'DvdkyJudk; ? yef;_cHxJrSm usif–aeoludk

junfh av ? pifppf ol[m wu,fusif–ae&m rusao;zl; ? olh taeeJh tqif–_rif–udk wufvSrf;csifpdwf

@SdayrJh / w&m;rSefr& vdkh rwufEdkif_zpfae&w,f ? tqif–_rif–udk wufvSrf;csifwJ– qê@Sdayr,fvdkh / tqif–

edrf–rSm a&m*guif;a&; - usef;rma&;avmufom usif–aeol_zpfw,f ? olh b0 vrf;c&D;udk b,folurS

a_ymif;ray;&ao;avawm–um / olhtaeeJh a&m*g& &rSm_zpfw,f ? tusif–oDvraumif;&if a&m*gawmif

aysmufrSmr[kwfzl; ? tcdk;usif–pOfusif–@HkeJh bma&m*grS &awm–rSm r[kwfvdkh qdkvdk&mrusyg?

olh taeeJh wu,fwrf;usif–rS / pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;udk ta&;xm;rS / trSefwu,f–udk usif–

oGm;rSom / a&m*guif;EdkifrSm_zpfw,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawm– usif–yGm;tm;xkwf_cif;qkdwm udk,fvufav–

usif–cef;vkyfwm r[kwfyJ omrefvGef_zpfwmrdkh usif–olwdkh udk ydk_rif–wJ–w&m;oabm / ydk_rif–wJ–pH!$ef;wdkh eJh

awmif;qdkoGm;&rSm _zpfw,f ? tJ'Dtwdkif;_zpfygrSom yef;wdkifa&mufrSm_zpfw,f ? 'gayr,fvdkh vlrsm;pGmwdkh

[m tJ'Dvdkrvkyfjuzl; ? 'Dawm– omrefvlyJ _zpfaewmrdkh tcsdefwef&if a&m*g&rSm_zpfw,f ? wpfaeh aeh rSm

@kwfw&uf qdkovdk OD;aESmufaoG;ajumaoG;cJqdkh a&m*g &aumif;&rSm _zpfw,f ? 'Da&m*g [dka&m*g

&vmaumif; &vmrSm _zpfw,f ? 'grSr[kwf&ifvJ pdwWZa&m*g &aumif;&vmrSm _zpfw,f ? olusif–aerSef;

vlwdkif; vdkvdkuodjuwm ? 'DvlpdwWZa&m*g &vm_yDqdkrS_zif– ÞrD;upm;_cif;-bDvl;pD;_cif;ß _zpf&_yD

r[kwfvm;qdk_yD; 0dkif;pGyfpGJjuygava&m ? wqdwfpOf;pm;junf–juprf;yg ? ckvdkvkyfwm w&m;vrf;rSef

us&Jhvm;vdkh ? tajumif;rodwJ– t_yifuvlawGrqdkxm;eJh / usif–olrsm;pGmwdkh tygt0if u|efawmfwdkh

tajumif;odwJ– twGif;usvlawGawmifrS ,if;&Jhwu,f– w&m;oabmudk tifrwefod&cufwm ?

185

wu,fvdkh 'Dvl[m tdrfrSm pdwWZa&m*g_zpf&if awmfao;w,fvdkh qdk&rSm ? tdrfrSm_zpfvJ tcdk;usif–pOfusif–

vdkh vdkh ta_ymcH&rSmyJ ? wu,fvdkh rsm; av–usif–ae&mXmerSm _zpf&ifvm; / ig;yg;arSmuf_yDom rSwfayawm–

tcdk;usif–pOfusif–av ÞrD;upm;_cif;-bDvl;pD;_cif;ß _zpf&avqdk_yD; 0dkif;pGyfpGJjuawm–rSmayg–/ b,fa_y;vGwf

awm–rvJ ? owif;pmawGuvJ xnf–vmjuawm–rSmayg–? wcsdKh uqdk&if rsufpdpHkrSdwf_yD;tcdk;usif–pOfudk

qefh usifjuwm ? Þjunf–ygvm; ? ckeu usif–aewmtaumif;juD; ? ckawm–'Dt_zpfqdkufae&_yD r[kwfvm;

ß wJ–? omrefvlqdkwm bm_zpfcsdefwef&if bmudk_zpfvm&rSm_zpfw,f ? olh taeeJh 'd_yifa&m*g awGvJ

xyf_zpfaumif; _zpfvmrSm_zpfw,f ? 'd_yif'k=ok=awG _zpfaumif;_zpfvmrSm_zpfw,f ? 'gudk tcdk;usif–

pOfusif–vdkh _zpf&wmcsnf;ygqdk_yD; tukefyHkcswm w&m;vrf;rSefusEdkifyg–rvm; ? aq;@Hku q&m0efawGvdkayg–?

q&m0ef _zpfaerSyJ[m / 'Dwpfoufawm–b,fawm–rS a&m*g&rSm r[kwfawm–zl;vdkh qdkvdkh _zpfyg–rvm; ?

'gajumif–rdkvdkh a_ym&wmayg– ? vlrsm;pGmwdkh [m tcdk;usif–pOfeJh ywfoufvdkh t_zpfoepfrSef

udkvJ em;rvnf / w&m;oabmudkvJ rodyJeJh / udk,fxif&m t&rf;av#mufa_ymaejuw,f ? _y\em

wpfckckay:_yDqdkrS_zif– / tcdk;usif–pOftay: 0dkif;t_ypfzdkh juygava&m ? tcdk;usif–pOf_yefh yGm;vmwm jumrS

rjumao;yJ[m ? vlrsm;pGmwdkh [m b,fhavmufrsm; t,loefvdkufjuovJqdk&if / todtrSwfudk r_yKzl;?

oGm;ykwfavvGif– ykwfcwfjuw,f ? ypfy,fjuw,f ? b,fvdkpdwfaepdwfxm;rSef;vJ rodzl; / tcdk;usif–pOf

udk t_rifuyfvdkufjuwm ra_ymeJhawm–? olwdkheÚrsm; bmqdkifvdkhvJrodzl; ? tcdk;usif–pOf

tajumif;a_ymvm&if pdwf0g'ygqdk_yD; vkyfvmjuygava&m ? tcdk;usif–pOfqdkwm odÑHynm_zpfw,f ?

ydk_rif–wJ– odÑHynm_zpfw,f? ckvdk_zpfae&wmuawm– w_cm;ajumif–r[kwfzl; ? 'DvlawGtaeeJh w,loef

EdkifvGef;wmuwpfajumif; / A[kokw usOf;a_rmif;vGef;wmu wpfajumif;ajumif–_zpfw,f ?

usif–yGm;avmurSm tcdk;usif–pOft_zpf taevdkh ac:wJ– ta_ctaewpfrsdK;vJ@Sdao;w,f ?

'DvdkvlrsdK;[m tm@HkvGifh yg;aewwfjuw,f ? 'gayr,fh ÞrD;upm;_cif;-bDvl;pD;_cif;ß r[kwfzl; ?

qif_cifwHkw&m;vJ_ynf–0w,f ? tcdk;usif–pOft_zpf taeqdkwm bmvJqdkwmudk u|efawmf t&ifa_ym

_yr,f ? trsm;odwJ–twdkif; / usif–juHa&;rSm yg&rD"mwfcH _y\emudk u|efawmfwdkh ta&;xm;juw,f ?

wuÝmvHk;uEdkifiHtm;vHk;rSmyJ bmom,HkjunfolawG@Sdjuw,f ? w@kwf_ynfrSm ESpfaygif;axmifaygif;

rsm;pGmtwGif; / Ak'<bmomeJh Þawmufß bmomwdkhudk ouf0if,HkjunfvmcJ–juw,f ? ukodkvf_yK

ukodkvf&-tukodkvf_yK tukodkvf&qdkwmudk ,HkjunfvmcJ–juw,f ? 'gayr,f– wcsdKh u r,Hkjuzl; ?

txl;o_zif– Þ,Ofaus;r+ awmfvSefa&;juD; ß rSmwkef;uqdk&if / t,lonf;r+qdk_yD; a0zef@H+h cscHcJ–&w,f ?

wcsdKh uqdk&if / olwdkh em;rvnfEdkifwmawG / pmtkyfxJu oif&wm r[kwfwmawG / acwfodÑHynm

186

taeeJh tJ'Dtqif–txd a&mufrvmao;wmawGudk_zpfap / rod&ao;wJ–[mawGudk_zpfap / t,lonf;

wmawGcsnf;yg&,fvdkh qdkaejuw,f ? 'DvdkvlrsdK;awG[m vGefcJ–wJ–ESpftenf;i,favmufu odyfrsm;wm /

ckawm– enf;enf; enf;oGm;_yD ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawm– / _cif;&mwcsdKh qdk&if todtrSwfr_yKyJaewJ–

jum;xJuae u|efawmfwdkh 'D[if;vif;_yifrSm trSefwu,f–udk xif[yf_yvmaerSudk; ? ,if;wdkh udk

oifrsufarSmuf_yK0Hh csifrS _yK0Hh rSm ? 'gayr,f– ckqdk trsm;wumwdkh u xkwfa_ym&Jvmju_yD ? usif–yGm;

tm;xkwfa&;eJh ywfoufvdkh qdk&ifvJ jum;& / _rif&wmawGrsm;-rsm;vmaerSudk; ?

wcsdKh rsm;qdk&if b,fxdatmif w,loefEdkifvdkufovJqdkawm–? tcdk;usif–pOftajumif;

a_ymvm_yDqdk&if / olupdwfxJuae_yD; oif–udk &,fae_yD ? t,lonf;wJ–vlyJ ? odyf&,fzdkh aumif;wmyJ vdkh

pdwfxJuxifae_yD ? tcdk;usif–pOf_cif;&mawGudk oifa_ym_y&if / 'Dvlawm– EHkvGef;tvGef;wmyJvdkh ol

xifae_yD ? 'DvdkvlrsdK;[m t,loefayrJ– yg&rD"mwfcHnH–csifrSnH–rSm ? wu,fvdkh 'Dvlyg&rD"mwfcH aumif;

aomf / w&m;usif–&if 'dAýp=K t_rif–juD; yGif–aumif;yGif–vmrSm_zpfw,f / pGrf;tifvJ ay:aumif;ay:vm

rSm_zpfw,f ? oltcdk;usif–pOfr,HkayrJ–/ iga&m*g&rSmr[kwfzl;vdkh awm–a_ym&JrSm r[kwfzl; ? a&m*g &vmwJ–

wpfaeh us&if aq;@HkoGm;_y ? acwfq&m0efawG ukwmraysmufvdkh / w@kwfwdkif;&if;aq; q&mawGqD_y /

raysmuf_yefawm–/ aq;_rD;wdkawGeJh uk ? raysmufwJ–tqHk;usawm–/ tcdk;usif–pOfudk owd&vma&m ? ig–

'Da&m*g tcdk;usif–pOfeJh aysmufEdkifraysmufEdkif od&atmif oGm;uHprf;OD;rSyJqdk_yD; / rvmcsif– vmcsifeJh

vmygava&m ? usif–w,fqdk&ifyJ / yg&rD"mwfcH tifrwefaumif;vdkh / usif–wmrqdk;zl;vdkh qdk&rSm ?

q&mocif wpfa,mufa,mufu rsufpdusaumif;usrSm ? 'd_yif[if;vif;_yifu tJ'Dtqif–_rif– ouf@Sdu

olh udkulvdkufwmeJh tr# / olh 'dAýp=K yGif–vmrSm_zpfw,f ? w0ufavmuf Om%ftvif;yGif–wJ–t_zpfrsdK;

qdkufcsifqdkufvmrSm_zpfw,f / 'dAýp=K tifrweftqif–_rif–avawm– / pjum0VmtwGif;u o@kyfouef

trSefwcsdKh udk _rifvm&wmayg– / pGrf;tifvJ @Sdvmwmayg– / 'DvdkvlrsdK;taeeJh 'g rsdK;awG awGh vm&wJ–tcg /

olh OD;aESmuf cHEdkif&nf@Sdyg–rvm; ? olh pdwfxJ b,fvdkaervJ ? t,lonf;wmawG / tv#if;udk r_zpfEdkif

wmawGvdkh wpfav#mufvHk;xifcJ–wmawG / olrsm;awGa_ym&if &,fp&mvdkh xifcJ–wmawG / ckawm–um

rsufpda@Sh rSm tyfusryfusudk _rifvmae&^yD / 'dõ"rRudk xdawGhvmae&_yDfav / 'Dawmhum / OD;aESmuf

cHEdkif&nf r@Sdavmufatmif _zpfvm&wmayg–/ pdwf"mwfzdtm;uvJ juD;vdkuforS ra_ymeJhawm–ayg–?

ola_ymwmawGudkqdk&ifvJ olrsm;awGu vufrcHEdkifjuzl;av ? 'gayr,f– qif_cifwHkw&m;eÚuawm–

udkufvdkhayg– ? olh [mu ESpfzufjum;u ESD;E$,fr+udk e&DrSefatmif xdef;ray;wwfvdkh ckvdk_zpfae&wm ?

vlawGvkyfwm rSm;aeajumif; / [dkbufu rSefaewwfajumif; olawGhvm&w,f ? [dkbufutwdkif;

187

vkyf&if vlawGu olh udk rSm;w,fvdkh qdkw,f ? vlawGu em;rvnf@SmyJudk; ? 'gajumif–rdkvdkh 'Dvlusif–wm

ÞrD;upm;_cif;-bDvl;pD;_cif; ß _zpf&@Sm_yDvdkh qdkvmjuawm–wmayg– ?

pifppfol[m ÞrD;upm;_cif;-bDvl;pD;_cif; ß _zpfwmr[kwfzl; ? u|efawmfwdkh usif–oltrsm;pk

taeeJh b,fawm–rS tJ'Dvdk_zpfrSm r[kwfzl; ? txl;wvnf w,loefolwdkh rSom ckvdktcdk;usif–pOft_zpf

taersdK;ay:vmwwfwm_zpfw,f ? ck'DrSm oifwef;wufaejuolrsm;teuf 'dAýp=KyGifh olawG renf;zl; /

awmfawmf–udkrenf;zl; ?'d_yif[if;vif;_yifu[mawGudk olwdkh'dõ"rR_rifaeju&_yD / rtH–jojuzl; ? OD;aESmuf

xdcdkuf_cif;vJr@Sdzl; ? tcdk;usif–pOft_zpf taersdK;vJray:zl; ? odyfaumif;wmyJvdkh cHpm;rdaejuw,f ?

tjuifoltaeeJh tcdk;usif–pOft_zpf taeay:vmwJ–tcg / pOf;pm;csif–csdefEdkifpGrf; tifrwef_ynf–0wm ?

a_ymwmawGqdk&ifvJ tifrwef,xmblwuswm ? qif_cifwHkw&m;eJh tifrwefnDwm ? omrefvlawGu

awm– ola_ymwmawGudk r,Hkzl;ayg– ? ÞqHk; _yD_zpfwJ– b,folb,f0gudk olawGh &wJ–tajumif; ? tJ'Dvlu

olh udkbmawG-bmawG vkyfcdkif;wJ– tajumif;ß vlawGh &if a_ym_ywwfw,f ?

omrefvlawGu ,HkEdkifrSmwJ–vm; ? aemufawm– olh [molvJ odvma&m ? 'gawGu xkwfa_ymvdkh

aumif;wmr[kwfzl; ? udk,f–[mudk,f pdwfxJodxm;_yD;a&mqdk em;vnfvmwmayg– ?

ESpfzufjum;uESD;E$,fr+udk e&DrSefatmifvJ xdef;ay;wwfa&m / t&m&mvJ [efusukefa&mayg–?

'DvdkvlrsdK;awG[m pGrf;tifawGvJ wygwnf; @Sdaewwfjuw,f ? 'gu ÞrD;upm;_cif;-bDvl;pD;_cif; ß

_zpf&wmrsdK; r[kwfzl; ?

^yD;awmh Þwu,f@l;ß vdkh ac:wmrsdK;vJ @Sdao;w,f ? 'grsdK;u odyfawGh cJw,f ?

u|efawmfwdkh a_ymwJ– Þwu,f@l;ß qdkwm / wu,f–udk @l;oGm;wm r[kwfzl; ? 'Dt"dÑm,f r[kwfzl; ? tppf

usif–_cif;qdkwJ– t"dÑm,f_zpfw,f ? Þwu,f@l;ß qdkwmu b,fvdkwJ–vJ ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f ? 'DvdkvlrsdK;

odyfawGh cJw,f ? usif–olwpfodef;avmufrSm wpfa,mufavmuf @Sdaumif;@Sdvdrf–r,f ? 'gajumif–rdkvdkh

'grsdK;u t_zpfrsm;wmrsdK; r[kwfzl; ? vlh tzJGh tpnf;tay: *,uf@dkufwmvJ r@Sdzl; ?

a,bl,stm;_zif– a_ym&&if ckvdk Þwu,f@l;ß twGuf @SdESif–ae&rJ– tcsufuawm– / 'Dvl[m

yg&rD"mwfcH tifrwefaumif;&rJ–t_yif / toufvJ tifrwefjuD;&rSm_zpfw,f ? toufjuD;awm–usif–vdkh

rrSDawm–zl; ? 'Dyg&rD"mwfcH tifrwefaumif;olawG[m a,bl,stm;_zif– wm0efeÚvmjuolawG_zpfw,f

tqif–_rif–uvmjuolawG_zpfw,f ? omrefvlwdkh &Jh 'Dvlh tzGJhtpnf;udk b,folvmvm ajumufju

wmcsnf;yJ ? OD;aESmufudk aq;ypfvdkufw,fqdk&if b,fvlh udkrS odrSmr[kwfawm–zl; ? omrefvlwdkh&Jh 'Dvlh

tzGJh tpnf; ywf0ef;usifudk a&mufvmwJ–tcg / vlawG&Jh taESmif–t,Sufjum;rSm ol[m*k%fawG_'yfawG

188

rufvm&muae / tqHk;rSm wpfoufvHk; acgif;_yefraxmifEdkifavmufatmifudk wpfcgwnf; u|rf;ypfus

oGm;&rSm_zpfw,f ? 'g–ajumif– b,fvlrSrvm&Jjuzl; ? rajumufwJ–vl&,fvdkh r@Sdzl; ? ckvdkvlrsdK;

a&mufvma&mqdkygawmh ? a&mufvmwJ–aemuf / omrefvlawGjum;rSm wu,f–udk u|rf;ypfusoGm;

&awm–rSm_zpfw,f ? olhwpfoufrSm raumif;wmawG vkyfrdwmrenf;yJudk; ? tjuifoltaeeJh

udk,fusdK;twGuf t_ydKiftqdkif udk,f–buf,ufwJ–tcg / raumif;wmawG trsm;juD; _yKrdwwfw,f /

ay;qyfp&m tajuG;awG trsm;juD; wifvmp&m@Sdw,f ? olh q&mocifu junf–vdkufwJ–tcg / 'Dvl

avsmus oGm;&awm–rSmudk _rifae&_yD ? 'Dvl[m r*fzdkvftqif–&_yD; ykídKvf_zpfavawm–um / ayg–ayg–

wefwef junf–aevdkh b,f_zpfrvJ / b,f–eJh vkyfyg–rvJqdk_yD; pdwfylrdwmayg–? olh udkusif–cdkif;&atmifuvJ

enf;vrf;rawGhao;yJudk; ? tJ'DtcdkufrSm olh udkq&mocif b,foGm;@Smay;&rvJ ? olh taeeJh udk,f–

yifudkZpf_rpftppftrSefqD _yefa&mufEdkifzdkh twGuf / tpuae _yefusif–oGm;&rSm_zpfw,f ? a_ymoavmuf

awm–b,fvG,fyg–rvJ ? touft@G,fu juD;ae_yD ? _yefusif–&atmif tcsdefuvJ aESmif;ae_yD ? @kyf-emrf

ESpfyg;pHkusifh pOf b,foGm;@Sm&ygh rvJ ?

yg&rD"mwfcH tifrwefaumif;olrsdK;rSom / ckvdktvGeftrif; xl;_cm;vSwJ– t_zpfrsdK;rSm / olh

udk @l;apwJ–enf; oHk;vdkh &w,f ? b,fvdkvJqdkawm– ar#mfvif–csufvHk;vHk;udk r@Sdawm–wJ– t_zpfrsdK;rSm /

udk,f–[mudk,f r_yefEdkifawm–wJ–ta_ctaersdK;rSm / ckvdkenf;rsdK;udk oHk;aumif;oHk;&rSm_zpfw,f ? t@l;vkyf

cdkif;wJ–enf;ayg–? olh OD;aESmufwpfae&mudk qdkhypfvdkufa&mqdkygawm–? vlqdkwm tcsrf;ajumufw,f ?

@GHwwfw,f ? tJ'Dvdkae&mrsdK;awGudk qdkh ypfvdkuf&if 'Dvl[m pdwfua,mifacsmufcsm; _zpfvm_yD; /

wu,f–udk @l;ovdkvdk-ESrf;ovdkvdk _zpfvmrSm_zpfw,f ? 'gayr,fvdkh 'DvdkvlrsdK;awG[m raumif;wm

rvkyfjuzl; ? vludk qJzdkh @dkufzdkh aeaeomom / aumif;wmawGawmif vkyfwwfjuw,f ? udk,f–

[mudk,fusawm– &ufpufvdkufwmvGefa&m ? olwdkh crsm csrf;&rSef;rodawm–/ aqmif;wGif;juD;rSm

t0wftpm;uvJ wpfxyf / t0wftpm; yg;yg;uav; / a_caxmufrSmvJ zdeyfrygyJ / qD;ESif;_yifxJrSm

av#mufa_y;aevdkufwm / a_caxmufawGqdkwm at;vGef;cJvGef;vdkh / ta&_ym;tufajumif;awGqdkwm

enf;wmrSwfvdkh / aoG;awGuvJ pD;usvdkh ? _yD;awm– @GH&rSef;vJrodavawm–/ rpifvJpm;&JwmyJ ? ao;vJ

aomuf&JwmyJ ? wpfcgu tJ'Dvdkvlwpfa,mufudk u|efawmfod&w,f ? _rif;acs;wHk;awGqdkwm rmawmif–

aeatmif cJaevdkufwm ? olh crsm _rdef&nf@Suf&nf pm;@Smw,f ? omrefvlawGtaeeJh odaewJ–

ta_ctaersdK;rSm cHpm;_cif;iSgrpGrf;wJ– qif;&J'k=t00udk olwdkh aumif;aumif;cHEdkif&nf &Sdjuw,f ?

olckvdk@l;wm b,favmufrsm; 'kuQa&muf&r,fqdkwmudk oifwdkh yJ pOf;pm;junf–juav ? rSefw,f /

189

'DvdkvlawG[m pGrf;tifvJ @Sdaewwfjuw,f ? a,bl,stm;_zif– tzGm;juD;awGrsm;w,f ? t&ifu

tzGm;juD;awGqdkwm a_cao;rawGayg– / ESpfrDwmausmf_rif–wJ–0if;x&Hudk tvG,fuav; ckefxGufoGm;Edkif

juw,fav ? ol@l;ae / t_yifudkcsnf; xGufoGm;aewmawGh &awm–/ tdrfom;awGu olh udk tdrfxJrSm

aom–cwfxm;a&m ? tdrfom;awG xGufukefwJ–tcg / vuf!dSK;xdk;vdkuf@HkeJh aom–cavmuf yGif–oGm;a&m /

olvJ xGufoGm;a&m ? aom–cavmufeJh r&awm–/ oHjudK;eJh cwf_yefa&m ? tdrfom;awG r@Sdawm–wJ–tcg /

udk,fudkcgvdkuf@HkeJh vGwfxGufvm_yefa&m ? olh udk b,fvlrS rwwfEdkifzl;qdkygawm–? 'DvdkeJh ol[m

emusifr+awG - cg;oD;r+awG wyHkwacgif;juD; cHpm;&rSm_zpfw,f ? olh taeeJh 'k=cH&wmrsm;vGef; /

jurf;vGef; / _yif;vGef;wmajumif–/ wifaeor# 0ãfajuG;uHajuG;awGudk t_ref_yefqyfoGm;EdkifrSm_zpfw,f ?

tvGefqHk; oHk;ESpfayg–? a,bl,stm;_zif–awm– wpfESpf / ESpfESpfavmufqdk ausukefa&m ? cHpm;&wJ–

qif;&J'k=awGuawm–_zif– ajumufcref;vdvdayg– ? _yD;ukefju_yDqdk&ifyJ bmawG_zpfysufcJ–w,fqdkwm

wr[kwfcsif; em;vnfvmygava&m ? aygufa_rmufatmif_rifvmrSudk; ? 'Dawmhw&m;tvif;vJ &vmyg

ava&m / wefcdk;od'<dtrsdK;rsdK;vJ ay:vmygava&m ? 'grsdK;u tifrwd tifrwef@Sm;wm ? ordkif;rSm

@Sdzl;w,f / awmf@Hkwef@Hk yg&rD"mwfcHrsdK;eJh vkyfvdkh &wmr[kwfzl; ? trsm;odwJ–twdkif; &[ef;@l; / Þawmufß

@l;qdkwmrsdK;awG ordkif;rSm trSefwu,f @SdcJ–juw,f ? rSwfwrf; wifxm;wmawG @Sdw,f ? Oyrm-

Þbkef;juD;@l;ß wpfyg;u (eef;&if;0ef) csifa[Gh (Qin Hui) udk ausmif;0if;xJuae wH_rufpnf;eJh

vSJxkwfypfwJh yHkwdkh / Þawmufß @l;wdkh yHkwdkh ponf_zifh pHkvdkh aygh ?

ÞrD;upm;_cif;-bDvl;pD;_cif; ß qdkwmrsdK;[m @Sdudkr@Sdajumif; u|efawmfwdkh u twyfa_ym

xm;tyfygw,f ? qdkygawm–/ armif_zL-armif0gwJ–? rD;upm;_yEdkifr,fqdk&if / wu,f–udk upm;_yEdkifr,f

qdk&if / u|efawmfa_ymr,f / 'Dvlawm– ES,fES,f&& [kwfrSmr[kwfzl; ? yg;pyf[vdkuf@HkeJh rD;awG

yef;xGufvmygava&mwJ– / vufqefh vdkuf@HkeJh rD;awmufvmygava&mwJ–? aq;vdyfrD;wdkh &ifawmif

vuf!dSK;eJh wdkh vdkuf_yD;a&mwJh ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f / pGrf;tifqdkwm 'grsdK;ayg–?

usif–&mrSm ya,m* tarSmif–0if_cif;

usifh &mrSm ya,m*tarSmif–0if_cif;qdkwm bmvJ ? u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh usif–juwJ–tcg /

taESmifh t,SufcH&wwfw,f ? usifh juHtm;xkwfwJh tcg b,fh ES,fh ajumif–tarSmif–ya,m*awG 0if

vmEdkifjuovJ ? tajumif;uawmh 'Dvkdav/ tjuifoltaeeJh usifh bdkh juHwm wu,fh udk rvG,fvkdufyg

190

bd ? wu,fusifh awmh r,fqdk&if/ u|efawmfh "rRum,&Jh apmifh a@Smufr+r@SdyJeJh oifaygufa_rmufatmif

_rifzdkh qdkwm vHk;vHk;udk r_zpfEdkifzl; ? t_yifxGufvdkufwmeJh touft÷&m,f ay:aumif;ay:vmrSm

_zpfw,f ? vlh rlvewf[m ysufokOf;wm r[kwfzl; ? 'Dawmh twdwfb0wkef;u oiftajuG;wifaumif;

wifrdvdrfh r,f / tEdkifusifh aumif; usifh rdvdrfh r,f / raumif;wmawG vkyfaumif;vkyfrdvdrfh r,f ? 'Dawmh

ajuG;@Sifu oifh udk vm@Smawmh rSmaygh ? vlawG touf@Sifaejuwm[m oHo&mvnfae&wm

_zpfw,fvdkh Ak'<bmomxJrSm a_ymaejuw,f ? oifolh udk tajuG;qyfp&m @Sdae&if / olu tajuG;vm

awmif;vdrfh r,f ? ol&wmrsm;oGm;vdkh @Sd&if / aemufb0us _yefqyfaygh ? om;_zpfolu rdbr@dkao&if /

aemufb0us a_ymif;_yeft_zpfrsKd;qkduf&rSm _zpfw,f ? oHo&mqdkwm tJ'Dvdk vnfaewmudk; ? 'Dae&mrSm

awmh oifh udk rusifh Edkifapatmif raumif;qdk; 0g;awG aESmifh ,Sufaewmudk u|efawmfwdkh trSefwu,f

awGh aeju&w,f ? 'guawmh yãdpPorkÑg'f-ajumif;usdK;w&m;awGcsnf;aygh ? tajumif;rJh oufouf_zpf

&wmr[kwfzl; ? tajumif;rJh oufouf[m rsdK;udk _zpf cGifh r_yKzl; ?

trsm;qHk;awGh &wJh aESmifh ,SufyHk aESmifh ,Sufenf;uawmh ckvkdaygh / oifrusifh wJh tcg

ywf0ef;usif[m _idrfvdkh ? usifh pOfwwfxm;_yDqdkawmh usifh csifjuwmaygh ? 'gayr,fhw&m;xdkif_yDqdkrS_zifh /

wr[kwfcsif;qdkovdk r_idrfawmh zl; ? armfawmfum; [Gef;oHawG _rnfvmygava&m / t_yifrSmvJ

vrf;av#mufoHawG-pum;a_ymoHawG-wHcg;ydwfoHawG-a&'D,dktoHawG qlvmygava&m ? oifrusifh

cifwkef;uawmh taumif;om; ? oifusifh _yDqdkrS_zifh tJ'Dvdk _zpfvmygava&m ? bm_yKvdkh ckvdk_zpf&ovJ

qdkwmeJh ywfoufvdkh / u|efawmfwdkh vlrsm;pGmwdkh [m eufeufeJeJuav;rpOf;pm;juzl; ? xl;qef;vkdufwm

qkd^yD; / qufrusifh yJ pdwfysufvufysuf_zpf aewwfjuw,f ? Þxl;qef;vdkufwmß qkd@HkavmufeJh ^yD;ae&

ygava&m ? 'guraumif;qdk;0g;awG aESmifh ,Sufaewmaygh ? 'if;wdkh u vlawGudk appm;_yD; oifh

udkaESmifh ,Sufaewmav ? oifh udk rusifh apatmif aESmifh ,SufwJh tvG,fqHk;yHktoGif wpfrsdK;aygh ?

qdkygawmh / oifusifh vma&m / w&m; &vma&mwJh ? oifwifaewJh tajuG;awG rqyfawmh zl;vm; ?

'if;wdkh ujunfh aerSmr[kwfzl; / oifh udk usifh cGifh ay;rSm r[kwfzl; ? 'gayr,fvdkh / 'g[mvJ wpfckaom

tqifh v$mu xif[yfr+_zpfw,f ? tcsdefykdif;wpfckavmufausmf&if ckvdk_cif;&mrsdK;udk xyf_zpfcGifh _yKawmh

rSm r[kwfzl; ? wenf;tm;_zifh a_ym& &if / 'DtajuG;awG yGef;ukef-_y,fukefwJh tcgus&if /

xyfaESmifh ,SufcGifh _yKawmh rSm r[kwfzl; ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh u|efawmfwdkh "rRpjumw&m;awmfudk usifh

&mrSm / usifh wmvJ _ref-tqifh ausmfwmvJ _refvdkhudk; ?

191

raumif;qdk;0g;aESmifh ,SufwJh toGifwpfrsdK;@Sdao;w,f ? trsm;odwJh twdkif; / u|ef

awmfwdkh usifh yGm;tm;xkwf ju&mrSm 'dAýp=KyGifh vmEdkifw,f ? 'dAýp=KyGifh olwcsdKh qdk&if tdrfrSmusifh ae

&if; / ajumufp&m_cif;&mwdkh / ajumufp&mrsufESmwdkh udk awGhwwff ju&w,f ? wcsdKh u qHyifpkwfzGm;-

zm;& &m;eJh ? wcsdKh uoifh eJh owfawmhykwfawmhrvkdvkyfvkd vkyfju / wcsdKh uawmhvJ trsKd;rsKd;ajumuf

p&m vefhp&maumif;avmufatmifudk vkyfvdkvkyfjueJh [m aomif;usef;vdkhrqHk;qkdygawmh ? wcgwav

usawm–vJ _ywif;ayguf t_yifbufrSm wG,faevkdufjuwm / juufoD;arG;nif; xp&mawGcsnf;aygh ?

bm_yKvdkh ckvdk[mrsKd; _zpfay:&ovJ ? 'gawGuraumif;qdk; 0g; awGaESmif–,SufwJ–yHkawGayg–? u|efawmfwdkh

"rRpjumw&m;awmfusif–pOfrSmawm–/ 'grsdK; tifrwefawGh cJw,f ? &mcdkifE+ef;wpfavmufawm–

_zpfp&m&Sdvdrf–r,f ? trsm;pkuawmh _zpfrSmr [kwfzl; ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh 'grsdK;awGu u|efawmfwdkh usifh

yGm;a&;tzdkh bmrStusdK;r@Sdvdkh ? 'gh ajumifh ckvdkyHkrsdK; eJh aESmifh ,SufrSmudk cGifh r_yKyJaewm ? omrefusifh

pOfawGrSmqdk&if 'grsdK;awG[m t_zpf trsm;qHk;aygh / tcsdefuvJ tifrwef jumwm ? wcsdKh qdk&if

'Dtajumif;ajumifh vefh zsefh _yD; rusifh &Jawmh zl; ? nbufusifh wJh tcg rsm;aomtm;_zifh

vla_cwdwfcsdefrSm usifh juwm / vlvdkvdk-ol&Jvdkvdk vlwpf a,muf udk,fh a@Sh rSm &yfaewm awGh &wJh

tcg/ vefh _yD; rusifh &Jawmh zl; ? u|efawmfwdkh "rRpjum w&m;awmfrSm / a,bl,stm;_zifh 'grsdK;r@Sdzl; ?

'gayr,fvdkh vJ wpfa,mufwpfavavmufuawmh juHKaumif;juHK&rSm ? wcsdKh vlawG&Jh t_zpfu

tifrwefh udkxl;wm ?

twGif;t_yif ESpf&yfpvHk; usifh wJh usifh pOfwpfrsdK; @Sdao;w,f ? udk,fcHynmvJusifh /

pdwfudkvJ usifh wJh 'Dvdkusifh pOfrsdK;udk Þawmufß *dk%f;rSm tawGh rsm;w,f ? 'Dvdkusifh pOfrsdK;udk usifh rd_yDqdk

&if / ckvdkrdðmwpfrsdK;eJh wdk;&avh @Sdw,f ? omrefusifh pOfwdkh rSm juHK&rSmr[kwfyJ / twGif;-t_yif ESpf&yfpHk

usifh pOfrSmrS / udk,fcHynmyg vdkufpm;wJh usifh pOfrSmrS juHK&rSm _zpfw,f ? qdkvdkwmu vuf@Hk;&nf _ydKifyGJE$J

&rSm qdkwJh oabmaygh ? uÝmay:u Þawmufß usifh olrsm;teuf rsm;pGmwdkh [m / udk,fcHynmvJ usifh

juw,f / twGif;-t_yif ESpf&yfpvHk;usifhjuwmaygh ? udk,fcHynm usifh olwdkh taeeJh vJ / pGrf;tifwufEdkif

juw,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh 'd_yifpdwfawGudk / *k%fwdkhyumoewdkh -ukd,fusKd;wkdhrufwJh pdwfawGudk

y,fvdkufwJh tcg / pGrf;tifwufvmEdkifvdkh _zpfw,f ? 'gayr,fvdkh _ydKifcsifqdkifcsif pdwfawGuawmh

awmfawmfeJh raysmufEdkifzl; / awmfawmfh udk jumrS aysmufukefrSm ? 'gh ajumifh ckvdkudpP rsdK; _zpfvG,fw,f ?

wpfpHkwpfckaom tqifh rSm ay:vmOD;rSm _zpfw,f ? w&m;xdkif&if; rdef;rdef;arsmarsmt_zpfrsKd;qkdufaepOf

b,folb,f0gvJ udk,fcHynmusifh aerSef; od&rSmrdkh / rlvewftaeeJh cE<mu cGm_yD; / wyGJwvrf; tuJprf;

192

awmh rSm _zpfavawmh / pGrf;&nf_ydKifyGJ ay:vm&awmh rSmaygh ? ckvkdt_zpfrsKd;[m 'd_yif[if;vif;_yifrSmvJ

ay:vmp&m @Sdw,f ? tJ'DuvJ oleJh vm^yD; wkdufvm;ckdufvm; / owfvm;ykwfvm;vkyfvmrSm _zpfw,f ?

vufrcH&if wu,fh udk owfrSm ? 'Dawmh ESpfa,mufom; _ydKifjuayg–? tdyf_yDqdkrS_zifh vmtuJprf;juyg

ava&m ? wpfnvHk; aumif;aumif;tdyf& w,fvdkh udkr@Sdzl; ? pifppf tJ'DtcdkufrSmu / olh

t_ydKiftqdkifpdwfudk y,fay;wm_zpfw,f ? 'Dpdwfry,fyJ 'Dtwdkif; t@Snfo_zif– qufpcef;oGm;&if /

ESpfawGom qHk;@H+;&rSm _zpf_yD; / tqifh uawmh wufEdkifrSm r[kwfzl; ? jumawmh tm;ukefvGef;vdkh /

'D@kyf0wÔKcE<mudk,fvJ cHEdkifrSm r[kwfzl; ? usifh EdkifrSmawmif r[kwfwJh t_zpfrsdK; qdkufvm&rSm / usifhxm;

or# tukefa&_zpfukef&rSm? 'gajumifh rdkvdkh / twGif;-t_yif ESpf&yfwGJ usifh pOfrSm / ckvdkt_zpfrsdK;eJh juHK&rSm

_zpfw,f / t_zpfrsm;vdkufwmuvJ ra_ymeJh awmh ? u|efawmfwdkh twGif;usifh pOfrSmawmh ckvdkt_zpfrsdK;

r@Sdzl; / @SdcGifh vJ ray;zl; ? u|efawmfckeu a_ymcJh wmawG[m t_zpfrsm;wmrsdK;awG _zpfw,f ?

raumif; qdk;0g;awG aESmifh ,Sufwm wpfrsdK;@Sdao;w,f ? tJ'guawmh vlwdkif;vlwdkif; juHK

&rSm _zpfw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh 'Dusifh pOfrSmvJ vlwdkif;vlwdkif; juHK&rSm _zpfw,f ? umrbDvl;aygh /

tJ'g[mtifrwef juD;av; wm ? omrefvlwdkh&Jh vlhtzGJh tpnf;rSmqkdwmu/ vifr,m;b0@Sdvdkh /

vlom;wdkh taeeJh rsdK;qufyGm;Edkifjuwm_zpfw,f ? vlom;wdkh qkdwm ckvdk_zpfay:wdk;yGm;vmcJh

juwm_zpfw,f ? vlh tzGJh tpnf;rSm oHa,mZOf@Sdaevdkh / ckvdk udpPrsdK;[m omrefvlawGtzdkh tjuGif;rJh

rSefuefwJh avmu"H w&m;_zpfw,f ? vlqdkwm oHa,mZOf @Sdaewmudk; ? pdwfqdk;wmvJ oHa,mZOf /

0rf;omwmvJ oHa,mZOf / cspfwmvJ oHa,mZOf / rkef;wmvJ oHa,mZOf / udpPwpfckckudk vkyfcsifwmvJ

oHa,mZOf / rvkyfcsifwmvJ oHa,mZOf / b,folb,f0g aumif;ovm; qdk;ovm; wqdkwmudk junfh

wmvJ oHa,mZOf / bmvkyfcsifovJ rvkyfcsifzl;vJ qdkwmvJ oHa,mZOf ... / tpp t&m&m

oHa,mZOfawGcsnf;aygh ? omrefvlawGqdk wm oHa,mZOftwGuf touf@Sifaejuwmuvm; ? 'Dawmh

usifh olwpfa,muftaeeJh / omrefvGef-vlwpfa,muftaeeJh / ckvkdw&m;oabmrsKd;eJh csdefxkd;vdkh r_zpf zl;

/ ,if;udk ausmfvGef&awmh rSm _zpfw,f ? 'gh ajumihf oHa,mZOfuae qifh yGm;_zpfay:vmwJh

tpGJtvrf;rsm;pGmwdkh udk / u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh aygh aygh oabmxm;ju&r,f ? aemufqHk;usawmh

vHk;vHk;pGefh Edkif&r,f / y,fEdkif&r,f ? vdkb&rufwdkh / umr&m*pdwfwdkh qdkwm vlh tpGJawGxJrSm

tusHK;0ifaewmawGcsnf; _zpfwmrdkh / ,if;wdkh udk tukefy,fypfoifh w,f ?

u|efawmfwdkh 'Dusifh pOftaeeJh / omrefvlawGjum; usifh wJh tydkif;rSm / oifwdkh udk bkef;juD;

193

vkyfcdkif; / r,foDv@Sif vkyfcdkif;wm r[kwfzl; ? u|efawmfwdkh vli,fawGtaeeJh tdrfaxmif_yKju&OD;rSm

_zpfw,f ? 'Dawmh 'D_y\emudk b,fvdkudkifwG,frvJ ? u|efawmfa_ym^yD;_yD / u|efawmfwdkh 'Dw&m;abmif

taeeJh vlh pdwfudk wkduf@dkufOD;wnfusifhaewm _zpfwmrdkh / oifh udk @kyf0wÔKtusdK;t& bmwpfckrS

wu,fwrf; qHk;@H+;aprSm r[kwfzl; ? omrefvlwdkh &Jh ckvkd@kyf0wÔKtusdK;awGjum;rSmudkyJ / oifh pdwf&nfpdwf

aoG;udk oHcJwifay;oGm;rSm _zpfw,f ? wu,fwrf; _rifh vmrSmu oifh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;_zpfw,f ? oifh

taeeJh tpGJomu|wfEdkifr,fqdk&if / t&m&mtukef pGefh EdkifrSm _zpfw,f ? @kyf0wÔKtusdK;t& pGefh cdkif;vJ

pGefhvdkh & rSm _zpfw,f ? tpGJru|wf&ifawmh / bmrSpGefh EdkifrSm r[kwfzl; ? 'gh ajumifh wu,fusifh wJh

&nfrSef;csufu pdwfudk usifh zdkh _zpfw,f ? ausmif;wkdufawGrSm usifh wJh usifh yHkusifh enf;u / oifh udk

'DtpGJawGu|wfap atmif-'gawG rqHk;qHk;atmif zefwD;ay;zdkh _zpfw,f ? ,if;wkdh udkrpOf;pm;rdapatmif

zefwD;ay;xm;_cif;tm;_zifh / 'DtpGJawG vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm; r_ywf_ywfatmif vkyfay;zdkh _zpfw,f ? 'guawmh

olh enf;olh [efaygh ? u|efawmfwdkh uawmh 'Dvdkrvkyfzl; ? @kyf0wÔKtusdK;awGa@Sh arSmufrSmukd oifh

taeeJh,if;wdkh udk aygh aygh oabmxm;oGm; apzdkh _zpfw,f ? 'gh ajumifh u|efawmfwdkh 'Dw&m;abmifu

usif–juHr+[m tcdkifrmqHk; _zpfaewmaygh ? oifwdkh udk bkef;juD;awG / r,foDv@SifawG vkyfcdkif;wm

r[kwfzl;? aemifqkd u|efawmfwdkh usif–pOf _yefh yGm;onfxuf _yefh yGm;vmrSm_zpfw,f ?

omrefvlawGjum;rSm usifh aejuwJh u|efawmfwdkh oifom; awGtaeeJh / bkef;juD;r[kwfwJh bkef;juD;awG

_zpfukefjur,fqdk&if _zpfap / "rRpjumw&m;awmf usifh olawGtaeeJh 'DyHkpHrsdK;csnf; _zpfukefjur,fqdk&if

_zpfap / rcufayvm; ? usifh yGm;tm;xkwfju&mrSm / u|efawmfwdkh u ckvdkawmif;qdkw,f ? oifusifh

ayr,fh / oifh juifzufu usifh csifrSusifh rSm ? w&m;usifh wJh udpPtwGufajumifh

vifr,m;uGm@Sif;&r,fqdk&if b,f_zpfrvJ ? wenf;tm;_zifh a_ym&&if / u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh 'DudpPudk aygh

aygh oabmxm;&r,f ? omrefvlawGvdk odyfta&;xm;aevdkh r_zpfzl; ? txl;o_zifh ckt&yfxJrSm

vdifvGwfa_rmufa&; qdkwmwdkh / tJ'D vdknpfnrf;wJh [mrsdK;wdkh qkdwmawG[m vlawGudk

taESmifht,Sufay;aejuw,f ? wcsdKh uqdk&if 'gawGudk odyfta&;xm;juw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh

uawmh w&m;usifh olyDyD / ,if;wdkh udk tifrwef aygh aygh uav; oabmxm;rS awmfr,f ?

tqifh _rifh uaejunfh &if / omrefvlawGcrsm vlhtzGJh tpnf;xJrSm &$H&rSef;rod @$Hh

awGe,faeju ? @$Hh awmxJrSm aqmh aeju&Smw,fwJh ? u|efawmfwdkh a_ymxm;&r,f / 'DudpPtwGufeJh /

rdom;pk roifh r_rwf r_zpfxdkufzl; ? 'gh ajumifh oifh vuf@Sd'Dtqifh rSm ,if;udkaygh aygh oabmxm;_yD; /

vifr,m;b0udk a_ya_y_ypf_ypf yHkrSefaeoGm;&if _yD;wmyJ ? aemifwpfpHkwpfckaom tqifh a&mufwJh tcg /

194

tJ'Dtqifh u ta_ctae ay:vmrSm _zpfw,f ? ckawmh 'DvdkyJaygh ? oifh taeeJh Þydkae^rJ-usm;ae^rJß

twkdif;omaeoGm;&if _yD;wmyJ ? ckt&yfxJrSm vkyfaeovdk vdkufvkyfvdkh awmh b,f_rpfrvJ / ig;yg;arSmuf

a&maygh ?

'DtxJrSm _y\emwpf&yf @Sdao;w,f ? trsm;odwJh twdkif; / u|efawmfwdkh usifh olwdkh &Jh

udk,fcE<m[m pGrf;tif@Sdjuw,f ? cku|efawmfwdkh oifom;&mcdkifE+ef; @Spfq,f-udk;q,favmuf[m 'Doif

wef;_yD;&if / a&m*gaysmufukefjurSm _zpf@Hkru / pGrf;tifvJ ay:vmjurSm _zpfw,f ? 'gh ajumifh oifh

udk,fcE<mrSm tifrwef tm;aumif;wJh pGrf;tifawG @Sdae_yD_zpfw,f ? oifh vuf@Sd pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;eJh

pmjunfh &if / oifh udk,fay:u pGrf;tifawG[m tcdsK;tpm; rr#_zpfaew,f ? oifh udkwcgwnf; wifay;

vdkufwm _zpfavawmh / tcdkuftwefh tm;_zifh pGrf;tifu _rifh aewmaygh ? ckoifh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;udk _rSifh

ay;aew,f ? oifw_znf;_znf; rSDvmrSm_zpfw,f / 'DtawmtwGif; oifrSDvmrSm / pdwfcs ? 'gajumifh rdkvdkh

u|efawmfwdkh u ckvdkudpPudk t&ifjudK_yD; vkyfxm;vdkufjuwm_zpfw,f / oif–rSm pGrf;tifwpfpHkwpf&m @Sdae

_yDqdkwJh oabmaygh ? w&m;rSefusifh pOft& usifh vdkh &wJh pGrf;tifawG[m oefhpifa_zmifh rSef /

arwWm*@k%m _ynfh 0wmrdkh / u|efawmfwdkh 'DrSmxdkifaejuolwdkif;yJ-csrf;a_rh om,m / ouf0ifjuifemr+wdkh

eJh twd_yD;wJh cGifwpfckudk cHpm;rdjuw,f ? u|efawmfu ckvdk usifh vmcJh wm_zpfvdkh / u|efawmfh udk,frSm

'grsdK;awGygvmw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh 'DrSmxdkifaeju&if; / oifh _rwfa_y_ypf _zpfaewmudk cHpm;rdjuw,f ?

vlawG&Jh tawG;tac:xJrSm rawmfravsmftm@HkawG uif;juw,f ? aq;vdyfaomufzdkh awmif owdr&

juzl; ? aemifoifvJ u|efawmfwdkh w&m;awmfjuD;eJh tnD vkyfoGm; ? oifusifh vdkh &vmrJh pGrf;tifawG[m

vJ 'Dtwdkif;aerSmyJ ? oifh pGrf;tm;wdk;vdkh om vmwmeJh tr# / oifh udk,fay:u pGrf;tif_zmxGufr+vJ

awmfawmftm;aumif;vmrSm _zpfw,f ? 'davmuftm;raumif;wJh wdkifatmifvJ / omrefvlwpfa,muf

taeeJh oifh cGifxJrSm _zpfap / oifh tdrfrSm _zpfap / oifh ttkyftxdef; atmufusa&mufae&rSm _zpfw,f ?

oifh tdrfoltdrf om;awGvJ 'Dtwkdif;_zpfaumif;_zpfaerSm ? bm_yKvdkh ckvdk_zpf&wmvJ ? oifh taeeJh

bmrSpOf;pm;aep&m rvdkzl; ? 'DcGifudku oefhpifa_zmifh rSefaewm / om,mcsrf;a_rh aewm / arwWm*@k%m

_ynfh 0aewmudk; ? tm@HkvJ rSefwJh cGif_zpfaewmudk; ? 'gh ajumifh / vlawGtaeeJh raumif;wmawG

pOf;pm;rdzdkh vkyfrdzdkh rvG,fzl; ? ckvdktusdK;oGm;ay:vmaprSm _zpfw,f ?

Ak'<a&mif_cnfawmf ae&mtESHh xGef;awmufapaomf / ,Ofaus;&nfrGefr+eJh w&m;r#wr+wkdh

_ynfh0xdef0if;juap aomfvdkh [dkaeh u u|efawmfa_ymcJh w,f ? u|efawmfwdkh cE<mudk,fuae _zmxGufvm

wJh pGrf;tifawG[m rrSefuefwJh ta_ctae rSefor#udk rSefatmif_yifay;Edkifw,fqdkwJh oabmaygh ? 'Dawmh

195

'DcGif&Jh tusdK;oufa&mufr+t& / 'DudpPudk oifrpOf;pm;wJh tcg / oifh juifbuftay:vJ rodvdkuf

rodbmom ttkyftxdef; _yKrd&musrSm _zpfw,f ? 'gudk oifrpOf;pm;vdkh @Sd&if / oifpOf;pm;rSmvJ r[kwfvdkh

@Sd&if / oifh juifbufvJ pOf;pm;rdrSm r[kwfzl; ? 'gayr,fh tjuGif;rJh _cGif;csufr@SdwmrsdK;awmh vJ

b,f[kwfrvJ ? vuf@Sdywf0ef;usifrSm / @kyf-oH zGifh vdkufw,fqdk&if / bmrqkdpHkvdkh ? vlwdkh &Jh tvdk&ruf

awGudk juG@GapvG,fwm aygh ? 'gayr,fvdkh / a,bl,sta_ctaerSm / oifh taeeJh ckvdk ttkyftxdef;

tusdK;oGm;ay: EdkifrSm_zpfw,f ? aemiftqifh _rifh rSm usifh vmwJh tcg / b,fvdkvkyf&r,fqdkwm

oifodvmrSm_zpfw,f / u|efawmfa_ymaep&m vdkrSmr[kwfzl; ? [dktcgus&if ta_ctae wpfrsdK;_zpfvmrSm

_zpfw,f / a_ya_y_ypf _ypf aeoGm;&if_yD;a&m? 'gh ajumifh 'DudpPawGudk 'davmufjuD; ta&;xm;aep&mvJ

rvdkzl; ? pkd;,drfvGef&ifvJ tpGJtvrff; _zpf_yDom rSwfayawmh ? tjuifvifr,m;jum;rSm umr*k%f

vdkufpm;_cif; _y\em&,fvdkh awmh r@Sdzl; ? tmomqêawmh @Sdwmaygh ? oifh taeeJh aygh aygh

oabmxm;Edkif&if _yD;a&m / pdwfxJrSm e&DrSefae&if _yD;wmyJ ?

'Dawmh b,fvdkumrbDvl;rsdK;eJh awGh &rvJ ? wu,fvdkh oifh wnf_idrfpGrf; rvHkavmuf &if

/ tdyfrufxJrSm ay:vmvdrfh r,f ? tdyfaysmfaewJh tcg_zpfap / w&m;xdkifaewJh tcg_zpfap / @kwfw&uf

a@Smifwcif ay:vmrSm_zpfw,f ? a,muFsm;qdk&if rdef;rvSay:vmrSm_zpf_yD; / rdef;rqdk&if pdwfxJwrf;wae

wwfwJh a,muFsm;rsdK;ay:vmrSm _zpfw,f ? 'gayr,fvdkh ,if;wdkh[m 0wfvpf pm;vpf_zpfaerSm _zpfw,f ?

oifpdwfv+yf@Sm;vdkh @Sd&if / xGufukefaumif; xGufukefrSm/ t_zpfrSef _zpfoGm;&rSm ? wqdwfpOf;pm;junfh yg /

u|efawmfwdkh usifh yGm;tm;xkwfju&mrSm / cE<m tqDtESpfawGqdkwm toufudk usifh &mrSm

oHk;&wm_zpfw,f ? oifh taeeJh 'Dvdkcsnf; xkwf-xkwfypfaevdkh b,f_zpfrvJ ? wcsdefwnf;rSm

umr*k%f&ruf*dwf0udkvJ oifrausmfEdkifzl; / 'Dawmh b,f_zpfrvJ ? 'gh ajumifh u|efawmfa_ym xm;r,f /

'D_y\emudk vlwdkif;-vlwdkif; juHK&rSm_zpfw,f / pdwfomcs ? u|efawmfw&m;a[maewJh tcg rSm / oifwdkh

OD;aESmufxJudk tifrweftm;aumif;wJh pGrf;tifawG oGif;ay;aewm ? t_yifa&mufwJh tcg /

u|efawmfbma_ymw,fqdkwmudk oiftwdtus rSwfrdcsifrSrSwfrdrSm ? 'gayr,fvdkh _y\em wu,fjuHK

vmwJh tcgus&if / u|efawmfa_ymwJh pum;awGudk oif_yefowd&rdvmrSm _zpfw,f ? oifh taeeJh om

udk,fhudkudk,f usifh olt_zpf oabmxm;&if / tJ'Dw'*FtwGif;rSm _yefowd&rdvmrSm / udk,fh ukd udk,f

xdef;EdkifvmrSm _zpfw,f ? 'Dawmh 'D*dwfudk oifausmfEdkifrSm _zpfw,f ? wu,fvdkh yxr*dwfudk

rausmfEdkif&if / 'kwd,*dwfus&if ydkcufrSm ? 'gayr,fvdkh ckvdkta_ctaersdK;vJ @Sdwwfw,f ? yxrwpfcsD

ausmfr&awmh / Edk;vmwJh tcg _zpfrS_zpf&av_cif; qdk_yD; ,lusHK;r& _zpf_cif;ru _zpfrdwwfw,f / 'Dawmh

196

ckvdkpdwfxm;rsdK; / ckvdkt_zpfrsdK;[m oifh tawG;tac:xJrSm _rJ_rJjuD;pGJaeatmif oHrd+ESuf xm;ovdk

_zpfaerSmrdkh / xyfjuHK&wJh tcg udk,fh udkudk,f xdef;EdkifvmrSm / *dwfausmfEdkifvmrSm _zpfw,f ? wu,fvdkh

tjuifoltaeeJh / ausmfvJrausmfEdkif-ta&;vJ rxm;yJae&if / aemufqdkydkcufrSm / ydkudkcuf&rSm

pdwfomcs ?

ckvdk[mrsKd;qkdwm raumif;qdk;0g;awGu aESmifh ,Sufwm_zpfEdkifovdk / q&mocif u

zefqif;_yD; / oifh udkprf;wmrsdK;vJ _zpfaumif;_zpfp&m@Sdw,f ? ESpfrsdK;pvHk; _zpfEdkifa&m&Sdwmaygh ? bm_yKvdkh

vJqdkawmh vlwkdif; 'D*dwfudkausmf ju&rSmrdkh vdkh _zpfw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh omrefvlt_zpfuae

pusifh &mrSm / yxrqHk; E$J&rJh yGJu'gaygh / vlwdkif;-vlwdkif; E$J&rSm ? u|efawmfOyrmwpfck_yr,f ?

u|efawmf0l[efh rSm oifuef;ay;wkef;u ? oifom;wpfa,muf / toufoHk;q,ft&G,fvli,fwpf

a,mufaygh ? 'Doifcef;pmt_yD; / tdrf_yefa&mufvdkh w&m;xdkifwJh tcg / wr[kwfcsif;qdkovdk t_idrf;"mwf&

vm_yD; / wnf_idrfvmyga&m ? @Sifawmftrdwmbuwpfzuf / @SifawmfavmifZDuwpfzuf @kwfw&uf

ay:vmwmudk awGh &w,fwJh ? 'gu olh xdawGh cHpm;r+ tpD&ifcHpmrSm a&;xm;wm ? @SifawmftrdwmbeJh

@SifawmfavmifZDwdkh [m bmrSra_ymyJ olhudkjunfh ae&if; aysmufukefa&mwJh ? qpfqufwnf;qkdovkd

uGrf,ifaAm"d owW ay:vm_yefa&m / vufxJygvmwJh yef;tdk;xJuae taiGh _zL_zLawG xGufvmw,fwJh ?

w&m;xdkif ae&if; 'gawGudk uGif;uGif;uGufuGuf awGh ae&awmh / odyf0rf;omaewmaygh ?

@kwfw&ufqdkovdk tvSr,fuav;awG ay:vma&m ? tvSr,fuav;awGqdkwm rdk;ysHr,fuav;awGqdk

awmh odyfvSwmyJ wJh ? olh udk,Of,Ofajumh ajumh / ESpfvdkzG,f&m u_ywm odyfjunfh aumif;wmyJwJh ?

Þigusifh aewmudk csD;_rSifh wJh taeeJh / uGrf,ifaAm"dowWu tvSr,fuav;awG zefqif;_yw,f /

rdk;ysHu_yapw,f ß qdk_yD;/ tjunfqdkufaumif;aewkef; / tvSr,fuav;awG[m@kwfcsif; 0wfvpfpm;vpf

_zpfukefju_yD; / olh udkayGh awmh zufawmh rvdkvdk-yvl;evl;vkyfawmh rvdkvdk / tem;uyfvmjuygav

a&mwJh ? u|efawmfwdkh oifom;[m pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; tifrweftwuf_refwm ? udk,fh udkudk,fvJ

csufcsif;owday; vmw,f ? olt&ifqHk;awG;rdwmuawmh / Þig@dk;@dk;vlr[kwfzl; ? igu w&m;usifh ol ?

eifwdkh igh udk'Dvdk rvkyfjueJh ? igu "rRpjumw&m;awmf usifh aewmß qdkwJh tm@HkvJ ay:vma&m /

wr[kwfcsif; tukef aysmufukefa&mygava&mwJh ? zefqif;wmawGcsnf;udk; ? 'daemuf@Sifawmftrdwm

beJh @SifawmfavmifZDwdkh ay:vmju _yefa&m ? avmifZDu vli,fudk vuf!dSK;xdk;&if; / trdwmb

bufvSnfh _yD; / Þ'Doli,f qHk;rvdkh & aumif;. ß vdkh _yHK;a_ymw,fwJh ? 'Daumifav;_zpfw,f/ qHk;rvdkh&rSm

_zpfw,fqkdwJh oabmaygh ?

197

ordkif;rSm _zpfap / tqifh _rifh [if;vif;_yifrSm _zpfap / vlawGusifh Edkifrusifh EdkifqdkwmeJh

ywfoufvdkh / vdkb&rufwdkh / w%Smwkdh udk tifrwef ta&;xm;wm ? 'gh ajumifh u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh

'gawGudk wu,fh udk aygh aygh oabmxm;rS _zpfr,f ? 'gayr,fvdkh u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh u

omrefvlawGjum;rSm usifh aejuwm _zpfavawmh / oifh udkvHk;vHk;_zwfckdif; wmyJr[kwfzl;/ ,kwfpGtqHk

vuf@SdtckdufrSm oifh taeeJh aygh aygh oabmxm;oGm;&r,f ? t&ifuvdk vkyfoGm;vdkh r_zpfzl; ?

w&m;usifh olqdkwm ckvdk_zpfoifh w,f ? usifh ae&if; 'DtaESmifh t,Sufwdkh –[kdtaESmifh t,Sufwdkh

ay:vm&if / udk,fh [mudk,f tajumif;@SmrS_zpfr,f -bmawGudkrsm; v$wfrcs &ao;ovJvdkh ?

udk,f–pdwfxJuae ya,m*tarSmif–ay:&_cif;

udk,fh pdwfxJuae ya,m*tarSmifh ay:&_cif; qdkwmbmvJ ? vlh udk,fcE<mtaeeJh [if;

vif;_yif tqifh qifh wdkh rSm @kyf0wÔKcGifawG @Sdaejuw,f ? txl;cGifwpfckrSmqdk&if / pjum0VmxJu

t&mcyfodrf;wdkh [m 'DcGifxJudk t&dyfvdk a&mif_yef[yf_yEdkifjuw,f ? t&dyfqdkayr,fh vJ @kyf0wÔKwnf@Sdr+

_zpfwmyJ ? oifh [if;vif;cGifxJu t&mcyfodrf;wdkh [m oifh OD;aESmuftodpdwfu appm;wmudk cHju&wm

_zpfw,f ? wenf;tm;_zifh a_ym&&if / 'dAýp=KeJh junfh wJh tcg / tm@Hkrappm;yJ _idrf_idrfuav; junfh

&if;_rifae&wmawG[m tppftrSefawG _zpfw,f ? tm@Hkuav;om enf;enf;avmufay:junfh prf; ?

_rif&wmawG[m tukeftwkta,mifawGcsnf; _zpfukefrSm ? udk,fh pdwfxJuae tarSmifh ya,m*

ay:&_cif;qdkwm'gaygh / udk,fh pdwfeJh twl vdkufyga_ymif;vJ_cif;vdkh vJ ac:w,f ? ckvdk _zpf&wmuawmh

w_cm;ajumifh r[kwfzl; ? wcsdKh usifh olwkdh[m udk,fh udkudk,f w&m;orm;t_zpf oabmrxm;Edkifju /

udk,fh [mudk,f rxdef;EdkifjuwmeJh tr# / pGrf;tifudk rufvdkruf ? twwfoabmvdk[muav;awGudfk

vdkufvdkvdkuf _zpfaewwfjuw,f ? 'd_yif[if;vif;_yifu jum;&wmawGudkawmifrS pGJvrf;aewwf

juw,f / 'gawGudk olwdkh vdkufaewwfjuw,f ? 'Dvdkvlpm;rsdK;awG[mudk,fh pdwfxJuae

ya,m*tarSmifh tay:vG,fqHk; /*|rf;ypftusvG,fqHk;_zpfw,f ? usifhwm b,fh avmufjuD; _rifh aeae /

ckvdk_y\emrsdK; ay:vm^yDqdk&if / *|rf;xdk; arSmufckefusoGm;&awmh rSm_zpfw,f / wpfcgwnf;udkoGm;^yDom

rSwfayawmh ? 'gtifrwefh udk juD;av; wJh _y\emwpf&yf_zpfw,f ? 'd_yifbufu[mrsdK;eJh wlwmr[kwf

zl; ? pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;prf;wmrsKd;qkd&if / 'DwpfcsDratmifcJ–aomf/ vJ&mu _yefx_yD; qufusifh vdkh

198

&ao;w,f ? udk,fh pdwfxJuae ya,m* tarSmifh ay:vmwmrsdK;usawmh r&awmh zl; / woufvHk;udk

ÞoGm;ß _yDom rSwfayawmh ? txl;o_zifh wpfpHkwpfckaom tqifh rSm 'dAýp=K yGifh olwdkh taeeJh

ckvdk_y\emrsdK; ay:vG,fw,f ? @Sdao;w,f / _yifyowif;tcsuftvufwdkh &Jh taESmifh t,SufcH&wwf

olwdkh qdk&ifvJ / _yifyowif;tcsuftvufawG a_ymor#udk vdkuf,Hkwwfjuw,f ? 'DvdkvlrsdK;awGvJ

_y\emay:wwfw,f ? 'gh ajumifh 'dAýp=K yGifh ju_yD_zpfwJh u|efawmfwdkh oifom;wcsdKh taeeJh /

owif;tcsuftvuf trsdK;rsdK;wdkh tzufzufuae aESmifh ,Sufwmudk cHju&wwfwm _zpfw,f ?

u|efawmfOyrmwpfck_yr,f / tqifh edrfh rSm usifh &mrSm tm@Hkrysufatmif xdef;zdkh qdkwm

odyfcufwm ? q&mb,fvdkvJ qdkwmudk oifaoaocsmcsm awGh csifrS awGh &rSm ? @kwfw&ufqdkovdk

wpfaeh rSm / _rifh vJ_rifh juD;vJjuD;wJh ewfjuD;wpfyg;udk oifawGh &_yD qdkygawmh ? tJ'DewfjuD;u oifh udk

ESpfcGef;avmuf csD;rGrf;_yD; / [dk[mav; 'D[mav; enf;enf;avmuf oifay;wJh tcg / oifuvJ vufcH_yD

qdkygawmh ? oifh pGrf;tifawG upOfh uvsm; uarmufur _zpfukef&_yDom rSwfayawmh ? oifu

0rf;yef;wom olh udk q&mwif_yD; / oleJh vdkufoifa&mwJh ? 'gayr,fh oluvJ r*fzdkvftqifh &ao;wmrS

r[kwfwm ? tJ[dk[if;vif;_yifrSm juD;EdkifusHKh Edkif 'davmufyJ[m ? 'DewfjuD;udk oifawGh &wJh tcg

pdwfxJu vd+ufvd+ufvSJvSJ 0rf;yef;wom _zpfvmavawmh um / olh aemufvdkufroifyJ aeygh rvm; ?

usifh olwdkh taeeJh udk,fh ukdudk,f rxdef;EdkifwJh tcg / tifrwefc|wf&cufwm ? ysufudef; qdkuf&zdkh qdkwm

tifrwefvG,fwm ? tmumom;awGqdkwm ewfawGcsnf;aygh ? 'gayr,fvdkh r*fzdkvft qifh &wmr[kwf

vdkh / oHo&m vnf^rJvnfae&rSm _zpfw,f ? oifuolh udk aygh aygh wefwef q&mwif_yD; / olh aemufvdkuf

a&m ? olu oifh udk b,fac:oGm;rvJ ? olh [molawmifrS r*fzdkvftqifh ra&mufao;wm ? 'Dawmhoif

usifh cJh or# ta[moduH _zpfrukef&ayvm; ? oifh pGrf;tifawG upOfh uvsm; uarmufur _zpfrukef&ay

vm; ? vlqdkwm tm@Hkrysufatmif xdef;zdkh cufvdkufygbd ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f / 'g tifrweftav;teuf

usvSwJh _y\em _zpfw,f ? aemifu|efawmfwdkh vlaygif;rsm;pGmwdkh [m 'D_y\em ay:vdrfh r,f ? oifh udk

u|efawmfw&m;_y_yD;_yD / udk,fh udkudk,f juyfrwfEkdifrEdkif qdkwmuawmh udk,fh tay: vHk;vHk;wnfae

wmaygh ? u|efawmfa_ymwmu ta_ctaewpf&yf_zpfw,f ? 'd_yif*dk%f;u Om%fawmf@SifawGudk awGh &wJh

wdkifatmifvJ / udk,fh tm@Hkudk rysufapyJ / *dk%f;wpf*dk%f;xJrSmom pGJusifh oGm;ygav ? bmbk&m; _zpf_zpf-

bmÞawmufß_zpf_zpf-bmewf_zpf_zpf-bmbDvl;_zpf_zpf / igh tm@Hkudk aESmifh ,Sufzdkh rjuHjuaveJh ?

'Dvdkqdk&if atmif_rifzdkh &m ar#mfvifh csuf _ynfh 0aerSm a_rjuD;v=wf rvGJyg ?

199

udk,fh pdwfxJuae ya,m*tarSmifh ay:&wmeJh ywfoufvdkh / 'd_yif[mrsKd;awGvJ @Sdao;

w,f ? uG,fvGef_yD_zpfwJh tdrfoltdrfom;wdkh vmaESmifh ,Sufwmudk awGh ju&w,f ? 'D[mvkyfay;yg-

[dk[mvkyfay; ygqdk_yD; ikdidk&,f&,f toem;cH@Smw,f / b,fvdkt_zpfrsdK;rqdk ay:vmp&m @Sdw,f ? oifh

taeeJh pdwfrxdcdkufyJ aeEdkifygh rvm; ? oifu oifh'Duav;ukd zl;zl;r+wfcspfwm / rdbudkvJ cspfwm ?

rdbawGu qHk;ukefju_yD ? olwkdh u oifh udk [dk[m'D[m vkyfcdkif;w,f / tukefvkyfvdkh r_zpfwmrsdK;awG

csnf;aygh ? vkyfrdvdkh @Sd&if / ig;yg;arSmuf_yD rSwfayawmh ? w&m;usifh &wm 'davmufudkcufwm ?

Ak'<bmom[m @+yfae_yDvdkh a_ymae juw,f ? uGef_zL;@Syfbmomu[mawGvJ Ak'<bmomxJ

a&mufukefvdka&mufukefju / rdb@dkaoa&;wdkh / om;orD; oHa,mZOfwdkh vdke*dku Ak'<bmomxJ

rygwmawGvJ Ak'<bmomxJ a&mufukefvdka&mufukefju eJh [m a_ymif;udkqefvdkh ? oabmuawmh

'Dvdkav ? vlwpfa,muf&Jh wu,fh toufqkdwm rlvewf_zpf w,f ? oifh rlvewfudk arG;wJh rdcifurS

oifh rdciftppf_zpfw,f ? b0oHo&m wpfavsmufrSm / oifh rdcif awGqdkwm vlrdcifawG-vlr[kwfwJh

rdcifawG... *%ef;csa&;vkdhawmifukefEdkifrSm r[kwfzl; ? b0tqufqufu oifh om;orD; awG qdk&ifvJ

tocFsm tocFsmayg– ? b,folu oifh rdcifvJ ? b,folu oifh om;orD;vJ ? uG,fvGefwJh wpfaeh us&if

b,folh udk b,folrS rSwfrdjuawm–rSm r[kwfzl; ? oifqyfp&m&SdwJh 0VfaÏu;uHaÏuawGudkqyf̂ rJ

qyfoGm;&rSmcsnf; _zpfw,f ? rsufpdvnf vrf;rSm;t_zpf usa&mufae&wJh vlawGtaeeJh 'gawGudk

v$wfrcsEdkifjuzl; ? wcsdKh u om;orD; oHa,mZOfjuD;w,f / b,fodkh b,fyHk vdrRmjuw,fwJh /

qHk;ukefju_yDwJh ? rdcifjuD;qdk&ifvJ b,fodkh b,fyHk aumif;wmwJh / qHk;&@Sm_yDwJh ? olwdkh aemuf

vdkufoGm;csifavmufatmif ,lusHK;r& _zpfrdw,fwJh ? 'Dawmh igh udk aevkdhraumif; pm;vdkhraumif; atmif

'DyHkpHrsdK;eJh aESmifh ,Sufaeygyaumvm; qdkwmudk oifbm_yKvdkh rpOf;pm;rdyJ ae&ovJvdkh ?

omrefvlawGtaeeJh em;vnfcsifrS em;vnfrSm ? 'gawGudkpGJvrf; wG,fwmaeor# /

oifvHk;vHk; udk usifh vdkh &rSm r[kwfzl; ? 'gh ajumifh Ak'<bmomxJrSm 'Dteufoabmrygzl; ? oifusifh

r,fjuH&if / vlwdkh &Jh oHa,mZOfudk v$wfcsxm;&rSm _zpfw,f ? rSefw,f / u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh omrefvl

wdkh&Jhvlh tzGJh tpnf;rSm usifh ju&mrSm / vljuD;rdbudk @dkao&rSm _zpfw,f ? om;orD;awGudk qHk;r&rSm

_zpfw,f ? ywf0ef;usiftrsdK;rsdK;rSm udk,fh tdrfoltdrfom;awG tygt0if-b,folh tay:rqdk

pmemaxmufxm;&r,f ? apwem xm;&r,f ? vljuD;rdbawGtay:a&m om;orD;awGtay:a&m /

trsm;wumwdkh tay:yg pdwfaumif;ESvHk; aumif;xm;&r,f ? ckvdkpdwfrsKd;qkdwm wudk,faumif;pdwf

200

r[kwfzl; ? *@k%mw&m; _zpfw,f ? arwWmw&m; _zpfw,f ? oHa,mZOfqdkwmu omrefvlawGjum;

u[m _zpfw,f ? omrefvlawGqkdwmuawmh oHa,mZOftwGuf touf@Sifaejuwm av?

vlrsm;pGmwdkh [m udk,fh udkudk,f juyfrwfwm r[kwfvdkh / usifh juH&mrSm tcufjuHKju&

w,f ? wcsdKh uqdkw,f / bk&m;u olh udkb,fodkh b,fnm a_ymw,fwJh ? Þ'Daeh 'k=awGh vdrfh r,f /

bm_zpfvdrf–r,f / b,fvdka@Smifßvdkh a_ymvm&if_zpfap ? Þ'Daeh uHprf;rJ yxrqku eHygwfb,fh

avmufoGm;E+dufacsßvdkh a_ymvm&if_zpfap ? tcsKyftm;_zifh a_ym&&if / touft÷&m,feJh juHK&wJh

tcgrsdK;rSm b,fvdk,fy,fvdkh a_ym_ywmrsdK;uvGJvdkh / omrefvlwdkh&Jhvlh tzGJh tpnf;rSm oifh udk aumif;usdK;

ay;rSmawGrSef&if/ raumif;qdk;0g; awGcsnf;vdkh om rSwfayawmh ? oifh taeeJh omrefvl awGjum;rSm

aumif;usdK;cHpm;ae& / 'Dprf;oyfr+udk rausmfEdkif _zpfae&&if / wufvmEdkifrSm r[kwfzl; ? omrefvlawG

jum;rSm Zdrf@Sd@Sdae-ae&&if / oifb,fh eJh vkyf usifh ygh rvJ ? oifh 0ãfajuG;uHajuG;awGudk b,fvdkvkyf

ul;a_ymif;ygh rvJ ? oifh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; wuf vmapzdkh / 0ãfajuG;uHajuG;awG ul;a_ymif;apzdkh _zpfwJh

ywf0ef;usif b,feJhvkyf@SdEdkifygh rvJ ? 'Dtcsufudk juyfjuyfrSwfxm;juapvdkw,f ? oifh taeeJh

b,fIb,fr# _rifh ae_yD ? b,fIb,fr#txd _rifh ae_yD_zpfwJh bk&m;juD; / Þawmufß juD;_zpfae_yD /

oifodyfawmfae^yD ponf_zifh vJ raumif;qdk;0g;awGu csD;rGrf;juvdrfh r,f ? tukef_zD;vHk;awGcsnf;aygh ?

tqifh _rifh qDudk wu,fwrf; usifh oltaeeJh / tpGJtrsdK; rsdK;udk tukefc|wfypf&rSm _zpfw,f ?

'D_y\emawGeJh &ifqdkifvm&wJh tcg / juyfjuyfowdcsyfju&rSm _zpfw,f ?

u|efawmfwdkh usifh ju&mrSm 'dAýp=K yGifh vmvdrfh r,f ? 'dAýp=K yGifh vm&if yGifh vmwJh

tavsmuf tusifh &cufovdk / ryGifh _yefawmh vJ ryGifh wJh tavsmuf tusifh &cufwmrsKd; @Sdwwfw,f /

cufwmcsnf;bJaygh ? 'dAýp=K yGifh vdkh owif;tcsuftvuf trsdK;rsdK;u aESmifh ,SufvmwJh tcg / udk,fh

udkudk,f aumif;aumif;juyfrwfEdkifzdkh qdkwm wu,fh udk odyfcufwm ? 'd_yif[if;vif;_yifawGqdkwm

_ydK;_ydK;ysuf ysuf / a0a0qmqm / @$ef;@$ef;awmufaejuwm / tifrwefvS / tifrwefaumif;wm ? oifh

pdwf b,fh avmufrsm; qGJaqmifcH&rvJqdkwm pOf;pm;om junhf ayawmh ? qGJaqmifcH&_yDqdk rS_zifh

taESmifh t,Suf cH&_yDom rSwfayawmh / oifh pGrf;tifawGupOfh u&J / uarmufur _zpfukef&_yDom

rSwfayawmh ? a,bl,stm;_zifh uawmh 'Dvdkcsnf;aygh ? 'gh ajumifh udk,fh pdwfxJuae ya,m*tarSmifh

ay:olwdkh taeeJh udk,f–udkudk,f aumif;aumif;rjuyfrwfEdkifwJh tcgrsdK;rSm / ckvdkt_zpfrsdK;vJ ay:vmrSm

_zpfw,f ? 'Dvlh taeeJh rrSefwJh tm@Hkay:vm&if / t÷&m,frsm;_yD rSwfayawmh ? wpfaeh rSm olh 'dAýp=K yGifh

vma&m / txif;om; t@Sif;om;udk _rifvm&a&m qkdygawmh? Þ'Davhusifhae&mrSm igh 'dAýp=K yGifh wm

201

taumif;qHk;/ igh junfh &wm @dk;@dk;vleJh rwlzl;xifw,f ? q&mvD&Jh "rRpjumw&m;awmfjuD;udk

igoif,lEdkifvmw,f / oif&wmvJ rqdk;zl; / olrsm;xuf awmfw,f / igawmh @dk;@dk;vlr[kwfzl;eJh wlw,f ß

qdkwJh tawG;ay:vma&mwJh ? 'DtawG;udku rrSefawmh zl; ? ÞigvJ bk&m;rsm; _zpfaervm; rodzl; ? uJ ig

udk,fh ukdukd,f _yefjunfh prf;r,f ß qdk_yD; junfh vdkufwJh tcg / wu,fh bk&m; _zpfaewm awGh &a&m ?

bm_yKvdkh ckvdk_zpf&wmvJ ? 'guawmh w_cm;ajumifh r[kwfzl; ? olh cE<mw0dkuf@Sd [if;vif;cGifxJu

@kyf0wÔK rSefor#wdkh [m olh tm@HkeJh twl vdkufyg_zpfay:a_ymif;vJaejuvdkh _zpfw,f / rdrdpdwfeJh twl

vdkufyg_zpfay:

a_ymif;vJ_cif;vdkh vJ ac:w,f ? pjum0VmxJuae a&mif_yef[yfay:vmwJh t&m0wÔK rSefor#wdkh

[m olh tm@HkeJh twl vdkuf_yD; a_ymif;vJaejuwm _zpfw,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh @kyf0wÔK_zpfwJh

t&dyftygt0if-olh [if;vif; cGifxJu t&mcyfodrf;wdkh [m olh joZmtwGif; usa&mufae&vdkh csnf;

_zpfw,f ? Þigbk&m;qdk&if igh t0wf tpm;vJ bk&m;t0wftpm; _zpfr,feJh wlw,f ß qdk_yD; junfh vdkufwJh

tcg / ol0wfxm;wJh t0wftpm;vJ bk&m;t0wftpm; _zpfaewmudk awGh &rSm _zpfw,f ? Þtvdkav; ?

igbk&m; wu,f_zpfae rSudk; ß qdk_yD; 0rf;omvdkufrSm b,fa_ymaumif;rvJ ? Þigh junfh &wm

bk&m;uav;awmif [kwfcsifrS [kwfrSm ß qdk_yD; junfh vdkufwJh tcg / olh taeeJh bk&m;juD; _zpfaewmudk

awGh &rSm _zpfw,f ? Þig vD[kefjunfxuf awmif _rifh csif_rifh aerSm ß qdk_yD; junfh vdkuf_yefwJh tcg /

Þatmifrav; ? igwu,fh udk vD[kefjunf xufawmif _rifh aeyguvm;ß wJh ? wcsdKh uqdk&ifvJ

em;uae jum;&wm / raumif;qdk;0g;awGu aESmifh ,SufrSmudk; ? ÞoifvD[kefjunfxuf _rifh wmaygh ?

oifvD[kefjunfxuf b,fIb,fr# _rifh wmaygh ß vdkh qdkvJ olu,HkwmyJ ? 'Dawmh

aemifoifb,fvdkvkyfusifh rvJ ? oifusifh zl;vm; / oifh udk b,fvlu oifay;wmvJ ? wu,fh

bk&m;awmifrS wm0eft& qif;vmOD;awmh / tpuae _yefusifh ,l&wm ? e*dku pGrf;tifawG wpfckrS

ay;wmr[kwfzl; / usifh &_refwm wpfckyJ @Sdw,f ? 'DvdkeJh / 'Dvl[m 'D_y\em ay:vm wJh aemufrSm / udk,fh

udkudk,f _yefrqnfEdkifyJ / 'DtpGJ wpfcgwnf; ay:vmygava&m ? ay:vmwJh aemufawmh bmrqdk

a_ym&Jvmawmh wmaygh ? Þigbk&m;uG ? oifwdkh olrsm;qDvkduf oifaep&m rvdkawmh zl; ? igubk&m;uG ?

b,fodkh b,fyHk vkyfqdkwmudk iga_ym_yr,f ß qdk_yD; vkyfvmygava&m ?

u|efawmfwdkh csefc|ef;rSmvJ 'DvdkvlrsdK; @Sdw,fr[kwfvm; ? tputawmfh udk rqdk;wm ?

aemufawmh 'DtaygufrsdK; csdK;vmygava&m ? olh udk,fol bk&m;wJh ? aemufqHk;usawmh / b,fvlh

xufrqdk omw,fwJh ? 'guawmh udk,fh udkudk,f juyfrwfwm r[kwfvdkh / Oyg'gefyGm;&muaeckvkd_zpf

202

vm& wm_zpfw,f ? bm_yKvdkh ckvdk t_cif;t&mrsdK; _zpfay:vm&ovJ ? Ak'<bmomxJrSm

b,fvdka_ymxm;ovJqdkawm–/ bm_rif&-_rif& / Oay=mom_yKxm;ju ? t_rifarSmufrSm;wm

awGcsnf;vdkh om oabmxm;ju udk,fh [mudk,f wnf_idrfpGrf;&atmifom qufusihfoGm;juwJh / bm_yKvdkh

rjunfh eJh / rpGJeJh vdkh owday;& ovJ ? ckvdk _y\emrsdK; ay:rSmpdk;vdkh aygh ? Ak'<bmomxJrSm usifh&mrSm/

tm;_znfh usif–enf;&,fvdkhr@Sdzl; ? usrf;pmawGxJrSmvJ / ckvdk[mrsdK;udk b,fvdka@Smifqdk_yD; vrf;!$ef

xm;wmrsdK;vJr@Sdzl; ? [dkacwf[dktcgu @Sifawmfousrked taeeJh 'Dw&m;udk a[mroGm;zl; ? udk,fh

pdwfxJuae ya,m* tarSmifh ay:vm&_cif; / udk,fh pdwfeJh twl vdkufyg_zpfay:a_ymif;vJ&_cif;wdkh udk

a@SmifzdkhtwGuf / @Sifawmfousrkedu w&m;usif–&if; _rif&awGh&wm rSefor#udk t_rifarSmufrSm;wm

awGcsnf;vdkh qdkw,f ? 'gh ajumifh tpGJtvrf;x&if ckvdkt_rifarSmufrSm;r+rsdK; ay:vm&rSm_zpfw,f ?

@kef;xGufzdkh odyfcufrSm ? 'Dawmh vkyfwmr[kwf&if / 'Dvlawmh ÞjuGßa&maygh ? raumif;qdk;0g;aemufudk

vdkufaerSudk; ? olh udk,fol bk&m;vdkh qdkaerSawmh / tarSmifh ya,m* 0ifae_yD aygh ? aemufqHk;us&if /

tyrSDaumif; rSDvmrSm _zpfw,f / 'd_yif[m wpfckck _zpfaumif;_zpfvmrSm_zpfw,f? tJ'Dtcgus&if /

vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm;udk ÞoGm;ß_yDrSwfayawmh ? olh raemvJ qdk;ae_yD _zpfavawmh / vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm;udk

usoGm;&awmh rSmaygh ? 'DvdkvlrsdK;awG odyfrsm;wm ? 'Doifwef;rSmwif / ckwcsdKh u udk,fh udkudk,f

[kwfvS_yD atmufarh aejuwm / a_ymyHkqdkyHkawmif rwl awmh zl; ? udk,fh [mudk,f b,fvdkrsm;vJ

qdkwmeJh ywfoufvdkh / Ak'<bmomxJrSmawmif odyfa@Smifju wm? u|efawmfckeu a_ymcJh wmu

aemufxyf ta_ctaewpfrsdK; _zpfw,f ? udk,fh pdwfxJuae ya,m* tarSmifh ay:&_cif;vdkh ac:w,f ?

udk,fh pdwfeJh twl vdkufyg_zpfay:a_ymif;vJ&_cif;vdkh vJ ac:w,f? yDuif;rSma&m / 'd_yife,fwcsdKh rSma&m

ckvdkoifom;rsdK;awG @Sdw,f ? usifh olawGtzdkh odyftaESmifh t,Suf_zpfwm ?

wcsdKh u u|efawmfh udk ar;w,f ? Þ'gudk q&mbm_yKvdkh @Sif;rypfovJ ß wJh ? wqdwfpOf;

pm;junfh juprf;yg / usifh juHa&; vrf;ay:rSm ql;a_iSmifh cvkwfawGudk u|efawmftukef@Sif;ypfvdkuf&if /

oifwdkh b,fvdkvkyfusifh jurvJ ? raumif;qdk;0g;awG aESmifh ,SufaejuwJh ta_ctaersdK;rSmrS / oifwdkh

taeeJh usifh oGm;Edkif roGm;Edkif / w&m;udk wu,fwrf; t&nfvnfEdkif-rvnfEdkif / taESmifh t,Suf cHvm

&wJh tcgrsdK;rSm / 'Dusifh pOfudk quf_yD; OD;vnfrokef usifh oGm;Edkif-roGm;Edkif qdkwmwdkh udk awGh vm&rSm

r[kwfvm; ? usifh juHtm;xkwf_cif;qdkwm vd+if;juD;avjuD;xJrSm a@$usifovdk / oJawGpif^yD; usef&pfcJh

wmawGurS a@$tppfrnfayr,f ? ckvdk yHkpHrsdK;eJh aESmifh ,SufrcH&&if / tjuifoltaeeJh usifh &wm

vG,fvGef;_yDvdkh u|efawmfqdkcsifw,f ? u|efawmfh t_rift&a_ym&&if / oifwdkh usifh wmawmif vG,fvS_yD

203

vdkh qdkcsifw,f ? tqifh _rifh u Om%fawmf@SifjuD;awG taeeJh uvJ / ormorwfrusvSzl;vdkh pdwfxJuae

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rSm bmtqD;twm;rS r@SdyJ-tqHk;wkdifusifh oGm;EdkifrSm _zpfavawmh / 'gusifh wmwJh vm; ? usifhav

Zdrf@Sdav ? bmtaESmif–t,SufrS r@Sdzl; ? 'Dawm– _zpfyg–rvm;ß wJh ? 'D_y\emayg– / u|efawmfvJ 'gudk

pOf;pm;aewmyJ ? tpOD;ydkif;rSmwkef;u ckvdkraumif;qdk;0g;awGudk u|efawmftrsm;juD; @Sif;ypfvdkufzl;w,f?

'Dtwdkif; qufvkyfoGm;vdkh r_zpfzl;qdkwmudk u|efawmfvJ &dyfrdvmw,f ? olrsm;awGuvJ Þoifolwdkh udk

usifh cdkif;wm odyfvG,fae_yD ? vlqdkwm olwdkh 'k=uav;awGu 'davmufuav;yJ[m ? vl-vlcsif;jum;

u udpPawGqdk&ifvJ 'davmufuav;yJ[m ? rpGefh Edkifao;wJh tpGJawG trsm;juD; usefao;w,f ? pdwf@+yf

axG;awGa0aewJh jum;rSm / oifh w&m;awmfjuD;udk em;vnfEdkif-rEdkifqdkwmvJ _y\emyJ ß vdkh qdkju

w,f ? ckvdk_y\em wpf&yfay:aevkdh / taESmifh t,SufawG / prf;oyfrSwfausmufwifr+awG

@SdaerSm_zpfw,f ? cka_ymcJh wmu raumif;qdk;0g;toGif wpfrsdK;_zpfw,f ? vlwpfa,mufudk wu,fwrf;

c|wfzdkh qdkwm tifrwef cufoavmuf / vlwpfa,muftaeeJh ysufudef; qdkuf&zdkh qdkwmuawmh

tifrwefh udk vG,fvdkufygbd ? oifh pdwfra_zmifhrrSefwmeJh w_ydKifeuf / ÞjuGß _yDom rSwfayawmh ?

y"metodpdwf cdkifrm&r,f

vlawGtaeeJh b0tqufqufu raumif;r+awG _yKcJh juvdkh / rdrdwdkh tzdkh ab;'k=

t÷&m,fawG _zpfay:vmapw,f ? w&m;usifh olwdkh tzdkh 0ãfajuG;uHajuG; tqD;twm;awG _zpfay:vm

apw,f ? 'gh ajumifh arG;-tdk-em-ao @Sdae&wm _zpfw,f ? 'gu omref0ãfajuG;uHajuG;awG ?

tm;_yif;wJh 0ãfajuG;uHajuG; wpfrsdK;@Sdao;w,f / w&m;usifh olwdkh tzdkh *,uftifrwefjuD;wm /

tawG;tac:tukodkvfvdkh ac:w,f ? vlawGtaeeJh touf@Sifaeju&mrSm / awG;ac:juHqju&w,f ?

vlawG[m omrefvlawGjum;rSm / rsufpdvnf vrf;rSm;t_zpfudk usa&mufae&avawm–um / *k%f /

tusdK;/ umr&m* / a'go ponfwdkh twGuf tawG;tac:xJrSm tm@HkwpfrsdK; rjumrjum ay:vm&wm

ajumifh / jumawmh tm;_yif;wJh tawG;tac: tukodkvf wpf&yf_zpfay:vm&ygava&m ? 'd_yif[if;vif;

_yifawG rSm/ t&mcyfodrf;wdkh [m ouf@SdawGcsnf;_zpfvdkh / tukodkvfawGvJ 'Dtwdkif;yJaygh ? vlawG taeeJh

w&m;ppf w&m;rSefusif–&mrSm / tukodkvfawGudk y,fypf&rSm_zpfw,f ? y,fw,fqdkwmu aysmuf_y,f

204

ukefapatmif-w_zpfa_ymif;ukefapatmifvkyfrSm ? rSefw,f / tukodkvfu b,fcHrvJ ? 'Dawmh

vlawGtzdkh ab;'k= t÷&m,fawG / tqD;twm;awG ay:vm&awm–rSmaygh ? vlh OD;aESmufudk tawG;tac:

tukodkvfu wdkuf@dkuf aESmif–,SufvmrSm _zpfw,f ? 'gajumifh rdkvdkh vlh pdwfxJrSm q&mocifudk /

w&m;awmfjuD;udk qJcsifwJh tawG;tac: ay:vmrSm_zpfw,f ? 'grSr[kwf rawmfravsmftm@Hkwdkh / qJwJh

pum;wdkh ay:vmrSm _zpfw,f? 'DvdkeJh usifh olwcsdKh qdk&if bm_zpfvdkh _zpfrSef;awmif rodjuawmh zl; / udk,fh

[mudk,f tJ'Dvdk awG;wmvdkh awmifxifaewwfjuw,f ? wcsdKh uawm–vJ tyrSDwmvdkh

xifaewwfjuw,f ? 'gayr,fh 'gtyrSDwmr[kwfzl; / tawG;tac: tukodkvfu vlh OD;aESmufxJudk

a&mif_yef[yfay;vdkh ckvdk_zpf&wm_zpf w,f ? wcsdKh u y"me todpdwf rcdkifrmzl; ? tawG;tac:

tukodkvf aemufvdkuf_yD; raumif;wmawG vkyfawmh / 'DvloGm;a&m r[kwfvm; / av#mus&a&m

r[kwfvm; ? 'gayr,fvdkh / trsm;pktaeeJh tm;aumif;wJh ykív"dXmeftawG;tac: (tm;aumif;wJh

y"metodpdwf) eJh ,if;udk y,f@Sm;Edkifjuw,f / qefh usifEdkifjuw,f ? 'Denf;tm;_zifh 'Dvl[m

tu|wfw&m; &Edkifajumif; / taumif;tqdk; a0cGJEdkif ajumif;_y&m uswmaygh ? wenf;tm;_zifh a_ym&&if/

todw&m; aumif;ajumif;_y&muswmaygh ? u|efawmfh "rRum,u olh udk,fay:u tawG;tac:

tukodkvf trsm;pk udk uly,fay;rSm_zpfw,f ? ckvdk t_zpfrsdK;u awGh &wmrsm;w,f ? tJ'Dvkd_zpfvmwJh

tcgus&if / 'Draumif;wJh tawG;tac:tay: atmifyGJqifEdkif rqifEdkifqdkwmukd,fhtay:

vHk;vHk;wnfaerSm_zpfw,f ? juHh cdkifol rSef&if tukodkvfudk y,fypfEdkifrSmcsnf; _zpfw,f ?

rkcsudk pdwfa_zmif–rSef&r,f

pdwfra_zmifh rSefvdkh qdkwm bmwJh vJ ? udk,fh udkudk,f tcgcyfodrf; w&m;usifh olt_zpf

oabmrxm;Edkif_cif; _zpfw,f ? usifh olwdkh taeeJh usifh juH_zpfpOfwav#mufrSm / ab;'k=awGeJh juHKju&

rSm _zpfw,f ? 'k=qdkufvmwJh tcg / vlvlcsif; xdyfwdkufyGwfrdwkdufrdwJh yHkpHrsdK;eJh ay:aumif;ay:vmrSm

_zpfw,f ? wpfa,mufeJh wpfa,muf Om%feDOm%feufqifju cGufapmif;ckwfjuwmrsdK;awG ay:aumif;

ay:vmrSm _zpfw,f ? oifh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;tay: wdkuf@dkuf*,uf@dkufvmaprSm_zpfw,f ? 'Dbufu

t_zpfrsm;w,f ? _yD;awmh b,fvdk _zpfEdkifao;ovJqdkawmh / u|efawmfwdkh cE<mudk,ftaeeJh

@kwfw&ufqdkovdk aevdkhxkdifvkdhraumif;_zpfvmrSm_zpfw,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh 0ãfajuG;uHajuG;awG

205

udk qyfwJh tcg / tbufbufuae qyfoGm;&rSmudk; ? wpfpHkwpfckaom umvus&if / oifh udk 'Dusif–pOf

@Sdr@Sd / usifh vkdh_zpfr_zpf/ usifhvkdhaumaygufa_rmufEkdifrSmwJhvm; / bk&m;qdkwm @Sdr@Sd / wu,fvm;

wu,fr[kwfzl;vm; vkdhtxifa&mufapatmif-tppfvkdvkd tppfr[kwfovkdvkd / twkvdkvdk twkr[kwf

ovkdvkdt_zpfrsKd;eJhjuHKvm&apOD;rSmvJ_zpfw,f ? aemufus&ifvJ ,if;[m r@Sdovdk / tukef

twkta,mifawG csnf;_zpfovdk tm@HkarSmufrSm;apatmif / tJ'Dvkdt_zpfrsKd;zefwD;ay; oGm;OD;rSm_zpfw,f ?

oifh taeeJh juHh cdkif rcdkifqdkwmudkom junfh &awmh rSmaygh ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f / oifh taeeJh r,drf;r,dkif

juHh cdkifvdkh om aeyg av ? [dktcgusvkdh oifh 'Dpdwfwu,fh udk juHh cdkifaer,fqdk&if / oifaumif;aumif;

ukdifwG,foGm; EdkifrSm "rRwmaygh ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh oifh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;u wufvmaeawmhrSmudk; ?

ckvdkoifh taeeJh r_rJao;wJh tcgrsdK;rSm / oifh udk tJ'Dvdk ab;'k=rsdK; zefwD;ay;&if / oifh taeeJh tv#if;udk

t&nfvnfEdkifrSm r[kwfzl; / tv#if;udk usifh EdkifrSm r[kwfzl; ? ab;'k=awGqdkwm tbufbufuae

ay:vmaumif;rSm_zpfw,f ?

usifh juHa&;_zpfpOfwavsmufvHk; / vlawGtaeeJh ckvdkusifh oGm;ju&rSm _zpfw,f ? 'gh

ajumifh u|efawmfwdkh vlwcsdKh taeeJh cE<mudk,f aevdkh xdkifvdkh raumif; _zpfvmwJh tcg / a&m*g&_yDvdkh

xifvmjuygava&m ? udk,fh udkudk,f usifh olt_zpf oabmrxm;Edkifavawmh um / ckvdkt_zpfrsdK;eJh

juHKvmwJh tcg / a&m*gvdkh oabmxm;avwmaygh ? bm_yKvdkh ckavmuf'k=rsm;&ygvdrfh wJh ? u|efawmf

a_ym_yr,f / oifh uHajuG;0ãfajuG;awGqkdwm trsm;juD; y,fypfvdkuf_yD ? oifh 'k=awG tyHkjuD; enf;ukef

_yD? oif– uHajuG; 0ãfajuG;awGudk y,frypf&ifvm; / oif'k=juHKvm&_yD qdkwmeJh wpfcgwnf;

ZD0defcsKyfaumif; csKyfoGm;&rSm _zpfw,f ? 'grSr[kwf&ifvJ wpfoufvHk; tdyf&mxJu xEdkifawmh rSm

r[kwfzl; ? 'gajumifh 'k=uav; enf;enf;avmuf juHK&@HkeJh / oifu tcH&cufae_yD qkd&if cufa&maygh?

'grsdK;qdkwm b,fZdrf@SdEdkifyg–rvJ ? Oyrm_y&&if / u|efawmfcsefc|ef;rSm oifwef;ay;wkef;u / vlwpfa,muf

/ yg&rD"mwfcH tifrwefaumif;wm / wu,fh ausmufaumif;wpfvHk;aygh ? u|efawmfvJ oabmusw,f ?

olh udk w&m;Om%fyGifh ygapawmh qdk_yD; / 0ãfajuG;uHajuG;awG _ref_refausapatmif / olh ab;'k=udk

enf;enf;avmuf xyftav;wif;ay; zdkh juH&G,fxm;w,f ? tJ'Dvkdvkyfzkdh _yifxm;w,f? 'geJh wpfaeh

rSmOD;aESmufaoG;ajumqdkh a&m*g &ovdk wpfcgwnf;xdk;vJoGm;a&m? rv+yfEkdifr,SufEkdif_zpfae&/

a_cawGvufawG pum; em;raxmifawmh ovdk _zpfae&wmaygh ? aq;@Hkt_refydkh _yD; / ta&;ay: ukoa&;

vkyfay;&wmaygh ? _yD;vJ_yD;a&m qif;av#mufEdkifygava&m ? wqdwfpOf;pm;junfhprf;yg /

OD;aESmufaoG;ajumqdkh a&m*g&wm / 'davmufyJ _ref_refqif;av#mufEdkif / a_cawG vufawG

206

tukefv+yf@Sm;Edkifvma&mwJh vm; ? oluawmh pOf;pm;rdzdkh aeaeomom b,fvdkrsm; a_ymovJqdkawmh /

"rRpjumw&m;awmf oifrdvdkh olckvdk tc|wftacsmf _zpf&wmwJh ? OD;aESmufaoG;ajumqdkh a&m*g

'davmufyJ taysmuf_ref&ovm; qdkwmudk olrpOf;pm;zl; ? uaeh "rRpjumw&m;awmfudk olroifyJ

aerdcJh aomf / xdk;vJoGm;wmeJh w_ydKifeuf / ae&mrSmwif toufaysmufaumif; aysmufoGm;&rSm ?

'grSr[kwf&ifvJ OD;aESmufaoG;ajumqdkh a&m*g wu,fh udk &_yD; / wpfoufvHk; oGufcsmyg' _zpfoGm;&rSm ?

vlqdkwm b,f–avmuftc|wf&cufovJqdkwmudk a_ymwm ? olh udk ckavmuf trsm;juD;

vkyfay;xm;wm awmifrS/ olh taeeJh uawmh odzdkh aeaeomom / ckvdkpum;rsdK;udkawmif a_ymvdkuf&

ao;w,f ? wcsKdhoifom;a[mif; u u|efawmfh udk b,fvdka_ymovJqdkawmh Þq&m ? u|efawmfh wpf

udk,fvHk; tcH& cufvdkufwm ra_ymygeJh awmh ? aq;@HkoGm; aq;xdk;-aq;pm;vJ r&zl; ß wJh ? olyJ@Suf&

rSef;rod a_ym&Jw,f ?b,f&ygh rvJ ? a&m*grS r[kwfyJ[m &Edkifygh rvm; ? oGm;ppfjunfh acs ? bmrS

r_zpfzl; ? tcH&cufwm wpfckyJ@Sdw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh oifom;wpfa,mufqdk&if aq;@HkoGm; aq;xdk;wm ?

tyfawG auG;ukefwm renf;zl; ? aemufqHk;aq;wpfvHk;qdk&ifvJ tom;xJr0ifzl; / tukefyef;xGufukef

wmyJ ? Þtrav; ? ig w&m;orm;ygvm; ? rxdk;awmh zl; ß wJh ? 'Dawmh rS owd&vm@Smw,f / aq;xdk;

aep&m r vdkzl; qdkwmudk ? 'gh ajumifh u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh ab;'k=eJh juHK&wJh tcg / 'D_y\emudk juyf

juyfowd csyfygav ? wcsdKh uqkd&ifvJ u|efawmfu olwdkh udk aq;@HkoGm;cGifh r_yKzl;vdkh xifaejuw,f ?

Þaq;@HkoGm;r_y&&if / tcdk;usifh pOfq&mqD oGm;_y&wmaygh ß wJh ? a&m*gvdkh yJ xifaejuwkef;udk; ?

Þtcdk;usifh pOfq&mqD oGm;_yrvdkh ß wJh ? tcdk;usifh pOfq&mtppfudk b,foGm;awGh atmif @SmrvJ ?

ta&_cHKeJh wdk;&if / ae&mrSm wif ysufudef; qdkuf&_yDom rSwfayawmh ?

u|efawmfa_ymr,f ? tcdk;usifh pOfq&mtppfvm; twkvm;qdkwmudk oifcGJwwfvdkh vm; ?

tcdk;usifh pOfq&mawG trsm;juD;[m udk,fh [mudk,f bGJh wyfxm;juwm ? u|efawmfuawmh oufqdkif&m

odÑHõmewdkh u prf;oyfwkdif;wm_yD;_zpfwmrdkh / oufqkdif&m tajumif;t&mawGaxmufcHpmawGtukef@Sd

w,f? tcdk;usifh pOfq&mrsm;pGmwdkh [m ta&_cHKawG_zpfjuw,f / udk,fh [mudk,f bGJhwyfxm;juwm

_zpfw,f? trsdK;rsdK;bef;_y_yD; vSnfh pm;aejuwmrenf;zl; ? 'Dta&_cHKtcdk;usifh pOfq&mawGvJ

a&m*gukay;Edkifju w,f ? bm_yKvdkh a&m*gukay;EdkifjuovJ ? tyrSDawG @Sdaejuwmudk; / tyrSDawG

r@Sd&if / vSnfh pm;vdkh &rSmawmif r[kwfzl; ? tyrSDawGuvJ pGrf;tifxkwfv$wfEdkifjuwmyJ / a&m*gukEdkif

juwmyJ ? ,if;wdkh [m vJ pGrf;tifwnf@Sdr+wpf&yf_zpfvkdh / omrefvlwdkh tay: xdef;csKyf&wm odyfvG,f

wm ? 'gayr,fvdkh / u|efawmfa_ym_yD;_yD / tyrSDawGtaeeJh a&m*gukju&mrSm / oifh udk,fay:udk bmawG

207

xkwf v$wfw,fqdkwmudk od&Jh vm; ? tvGefh tvGef ao;i,fvSwJh avmu"mwfi,ft_zpfrSm junfh

vdkufprf; yg ? tyrSDwkdh&Jh yHkoÐmefawGcsnf; aygh ? oifh udk,fay:udk xkwfv$wfvdkuf_yDwJh ? oifb,fh eJh

vkyfygh rvJ ? Þewfudk zdwfzdkh vG,foavmuf / _yefydkhzdkh cuf.ß ? omrefvlawGudk u|efawmfwdkh

a_ymraeawmh zl; / omrefvlyJ vkyfcsifaejuwmudk; ? tcdkuftwefh tm;_zifh oufawmifh oufom@Sdzdkh

avmufudkom em;vnfaejuwmudk; ? oifwdkh uawmh w&m;usifh ol r[kwfvm; / udk,fcE<mudk oefh

pif_yD;&if; oefh pifoGm;&rSm r[kwfvm; ? oifwdkh udk,fay: 'if;wdkh a&mufvm&if / b,faomtcgrsm;rS

xkwfypfoGm;EdkifrSmvJ ? _yD;awmh ,if;wdkh taeeJh uvJ pGrf;tifwpfpHkwpf&m @Sdae juwm ? Þ'g_zifh

"rRpjumu bm_yKvdkh junfh ae&wmvJ ? q&mh "rRum,awGu u|efawmfwdkh udk apmifh

a@Smufaejuw,f r[kwfvm;ß vdkh wcsdKh uawG;aumif;awG;rdjuvdrfh r,f ? u|efawmfwdkh 'Dpjum0VmrSm

w&m;oabmwpf&yf@Sdw,f ? oifvuf_zefhvkdh&wmudk b,fvlurS0ifpGufrSm r[kwfzl;/ oifvdkcsifaewm

udk b,fvlurS 0ifpGufrSm r[kwfzl; ? u|efawmfh "rRum,u oifh udk wm;vdrfh r,f / t&dyft_rGuf _yvdrfh

r,f ? oifh taeeJhu 'DyHkpHrsdK;csnf; _zpfae&if / ta&;vkyfawmh rSm r[kwfzl; / olrsm;udk twif;usifh cdkif;vdkh

b,f_zpfrvJ ? oifh udk rusifh usifh atmif twif;vkyfvdkh -tusyfudkifvdkh b,f_zpfrvJ? oifh taeeJh udk,fh

[mudk,f wu,fwrf;Õrifh wifoGm;rS _zpfrSm ? oifudk,fh [mudk,f Õrifh wifzdkh rjuH&if / b,fvlrS

wwfEdkifrSm r[kwfzl; ? w&m;oabmudkvJ a_ym_yD;_yD / w&m;"rRudkvJ a[m_yD;_yD ? 'geJh awmifrS oifh

taeeJh udk,fh [mudk Õrifh wifzdkh rjuH&if / b,fvlh udkrsm; t_ypfwifae&OD;rSmvJ ? oifudk,fh [mudk,f

vdkcsifwmudk "rRp jumu 0ifpGufrSm r[kwfzl; / u|efawmfh "rRum,uvJ 0ifpGufrSm r[kwfzl; / pdwfcs ?

wcsdKh uqdk&ifvJ 'd_yiftcdk;usifh pOfq&mawG &JhcGifukdoGm;_yD; a[ma_ymyGJ em;axmifjuw,f ? tdrf_yef

a&mufawmh odyftcH&cufaygh / 'guawm– txl;a_ymaep&m vkdOD;rSmwJhvm; ? 'g_zifh "rRum,u

bm_yKvdkh oifh udkumuG,fray;vJ ? oifubmoGm;vkyfwmvJ / oifoGm;em;axmifw,f r[kwfvm; ?

oifvdkcsifvdkh oGm;wmr[kwfvm; ? oifh taeeJh em;xJroGif;&if ,if;wkdh 0ifvmEdkifrSmwJ–vm; ? wcsdKh qdk&if

"rRpjumawmif yHkysufukef&_yD ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f / "rRpjumu oifh touf xuftzdk;wefw,f / tqifh

_rifh ouf@SdwpfrsdK; _zpfw,f ? aygh aygh wefwef zsufqD;vdkh r_zpfzl; ? ckqkdtcdk; usifh pOfq&mta&_cHKawG

odyfrsm;wmyJ / wcsdKh qdk&if emrnfoddyfjuD;wm ? w@kwf_ynftcdk;usifh pOfodÑH okawoetoif;u

acgif;aqmifawGudk u|efawmfa_ymzl;w,f / a@S;acwfu eef;awmfrSm udk,fvkyfawmf wmusD_*dKvfar$cJh

zl;w,f ? tJ'Da_racG;r b,fhavmufaomif;usef;OD;awmh / ckta&_cHK tcdk;usifh pOfawGudk awmh rrSDao;zl; /

w_ynfvHk;udk 'k=ay;aewm / ab;'k=a&mufju&olawG b,fh avmufrsm;&SdaervJ rod zl; ?

208

tay:,Huaejunfh awmh&if[efvdkh aygh / udk,fay:rSm tJ'g rsdK;awG cdkae juolawGqdkwm

b,fhavmufrsm;&SdaervJ rodzl; ? olwdkh xkwfv$wfvdkuf&if oifh udk,fay:a&mufukef_yD rSwfayawmh /

b,fhavmufrsm; aomif;usef;vkdufrvJqkdwm ra_ymeÚawm– ? 'g–ajumif–omrefvlwdkhtzdkh tay:,H

uaejunfh @HkeJh odzdkh qdkwm cufvdkufygbd ?

Þuaeh tckd;usifhpOfa[ma_ymyGJrSm vD[kefjunf a_ymwmawGudk em;axmif&wJh tcg /

vufpoyfawmh tcdk;usifh pOfqdkwmb,fh avmufrsm;us,f0ef;_yefh_yL;odrfarGh eufeJvdkufovJqdkwmudk

odvm&w,f ? aemufudkvJ'd_yiftcdk;usif–pOf a[ma_ymyGJ@Sd&if /xyfem;axmifOD;rSß vdkh wcsdKhu

xifaumif;xifaejur,f ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f / oifwxpfcsroGm;ygaveJh / raumif;wmawGem;

axmifwJhtcg / em;xJuaetxJudktukef0ifukefrSm ? vlwpf a,mufudkc|wf&wmcufvdkufygbd / oifh

tawG;tac: a_ymif;vmatmif vkyfay;&wm cufvdkufygbd / oifh cE<mudk,fudkoÑg,_zpfatmif

vkyfay;&wmvJcufvdkufygbd ? tcdk;usifhpOfq&mta&_cHKawGqdkwmatm vdkh ? wu,fh vrf;rSef urf;rSef

tcdk;usifh pOf q&mawG qdkOD;awm– / tJ'Dtcdk;usifh pOfq&mawG wu,foefh &Jh vm; ? wcsdKh wd&ðmef

awGu odyfjurf;wm ? tJ'gawGu olwdkh udk,fay:udk rwufEdkifayr,f–/ olwdkh taeeJh uvJ

armif;xkwfypfvdkh r&zl; ? ola&m / txl;o_zif– olhoifom;awGyg / tJ'gawGudk twdkif;twm juD;juD;

oGm;rxd&Jjuzl; ? tcdk;usif–pOfq&mtaeeJh pGrf;tifxkwfv$wfwJ–tcg / a&mukefwmawGqdkwm pHkvdkhayg–?

tcdk;usif–pOfq&m udk,fYuawm–a_zmif–vdkh rSefvdkh ayg– / olh oifom;awGusawm– b,f[kwfawm–rvJ /

tyrSDawGqdkwm pHkvdkh ayg–?

"rRpjumw&m;awmfjuD;udk oifwu,fusif–r,fqdk&if / oGm;em;raxmifaveJh ? rSefw,f /

"rRpjumw&m;awmfjuD;udk rusif–csifzl; ? bmrqdk usif–csifw,f qdk&ifawm– oGm;ayg–? u|efawmfu vSnfh

junf–aerSmr[kwfzl; ? oifvJyJ "rRpjumw&m;awmfjuD;u om;wynfh [kwfrSmr[kwfawm–zl;? _y\em

ay:vm&if / "rRpjumw&m;awmfjuD;udk usif–vdkh _zpf&wmvdkh a_ymrvmygaveJh ? oif–taeeJh pdwf&nf

pdwfaoG;pHtwdkif; vkyfygrS / w&m;awmfjuD;eJh tnDusif–ygrSom / "rRpjumw&m;awmfjuD;u usif–olppfppf

rnfayr,f ? 'd_yif tcdk;usif–pOf usif–olawGeJh qufqHvdkh _zpfr_zpfvdkh wcsdKhuar;juw,f ?

u|efawmfa_ymr,f ? olh taeeJh tcdk;usif–pOf usif–w,fyJxm;OD; ? oifuw&m;awmfjuD;udk usif–aewm /

'Doifwef;uae qif;oGm;wJ–tcg / tqif–csif;b,f–avmufuGmvdkufrvJqdkwm ra_ymeJhawm–? 'D"rRpjum

qdkwmrsdK;qufaygif; a_rmufrsm;vSpGmusif–ygrS _zpfay:vm&wm _zpfw,f ? pGrf;yum; tifrwefjuD;wm ?

rSefw,f / qufqHwJ–tcg olh [mawGudk vufvJrcH / ,lvJr,lyJ / @dk;@dk;rdwfaqGrsdK;vdkqdk&if udpPr@SdvSzl; ?

209

'gayr,fvdkh olh udk,fay:rSm wpfckck wu,f–udk @Sdae_yDqdk&ifawm–cufa&m ? rqufqHwm taumif;qHk; ?

vifr,m;usawm–b,f–eJh vkyfrvJ ? juifzufu 'd_yiftcdk;usifh pOf usifh aevJ / u|efawmf– txifa_ym&&if

udpPr@SdvSzl; ? 'gayrJ– wpfckawm–@Sdw,f ? oifu vrf;rSefurf;rSefw&m;awmfusif–aewm _zpfavawm–

/oifwpfa,mufwnf;usif–@HkeJh 'd_yif tdrfoltdrfom;awGvJ tusdK;cHpm;ju&rSm_zpfw,f ? olu tarSmifh

ya,m*[mrsdK;awG usif–aewm_zpfavawm–/ olhudk,fay:rSm tJ'grsdK;awG uyfaeaumif; uyfaerSm

_zpfw,f ? oif–ab;uif;a&;twGuf / olh udkvJ oefhpifay;&rSm_zpfw,f ? 'd_yif [if;vif;_yifrSm oif–udk

tukefoefhpifay;rSm ? oif–tdrfu ywf0ef;usifudkyg oefhpifay;rSm ? oefhpifray;aomf / [dk[m'D[mawGu

trsdK;rsdK; aESmif–,Sufae&if / oifb,f–eJh vkyfusif–rvJ ?

'gayr,fvdkh ta_ctaewpfrsdK;usawm– u|efawmf–"rRum,u @Sif;ay;vdkh r_zpfzl; ? wpfaeh

rSm u|efawmf–"rRum, a&mufvmwm awGh&wJ–tcg / oifom;wpfa,mufu 0rf;omtvJ tdrfxJ0if

xdkifzdkh zdwfw,f ? Þoif–tdrfxJrSm odyf@+yfaewmyJ ? ypPnf;awGrsm;vGef;w,fß qdk_yD; "rRum,u

_yefxGufoGm;a&mwJ–? a,bl,stm;_zif– a_ym&&if / 'd_yif[if;vif;_yifawGrSm ouf@SdcE<mawG odyfrsm;vGef;

ae&if / u|efawmf–"rRum,u @Sif;ypfrSm_zpfw,f ? 'gayr,fvdkh olh tdrfrSmuawm– A@kwftcdk;usif–pOf

pmtkyfawG _ynf–vdkh ? olvJoabmaygufvm_yD; / @d+h oif–wm@d+h / a&mif;oif–wma&mif; eJh @Sif;_yD;wJ–t cg /

u|efawmf–"rRum, xyfa&mufvm_yefa&mwJ–? 'gu u|efawmf–udk oifom;u a_ym_ywm ?

wcsdKh uqdk&ifvJ aA'ifoGm;ar;juw,f ? wcsdKh u u|efawmf–udkar;w,f ? Þq&m /

u|efawmf ck"rRpjumw&m;awmf usif–ae_yD ? << judK;,d >> ( Zhouyi ) a_ymif;vJw&m;usrf;wdkh / aA'ifwdkh

udk odyfpdwf0ifpm;wmyJ ? u|efawmf a@ShqufoHk;vdkh &ao;vm;ß wJ–? 'Dvdkqdkjupdkh ? oif–taeeJh

pGrf;tifwpfpHkwpf&m @Sdae_yDqdk&if / oifa_ymwJ–pum;u tusdK;oGm;ay:rSm_zpfw,f ? tJ'Dvdk r[kwfyJeJh

tJ'Dvdk [kwfygw,fvdkh a_ymrd&if / oif'kp@dkuf_yKrd&m usaumif;usrSm ? omrefvlwpfa,mufqdkwm

tifrwef tm;EGJh wm ? olh qDu owif;tcsuftvufawGqdkwm wnf_rJwm r[kwfzl; ? a_ymif;vJr+wcsdKh

_zpfaumif;_zpfrSm ? oifu ayg–ayg–qqyJ xkwfa_ymvdkufa&mqdkkygawm– / tJ'Dab;'kuQuawm– _zpfaumif;

_zpfvmrSmudk_zpfw,f ? wu,fvdkh olh uHajuG;0ãfajuG;awGu odyfjuD;ae&if olhtaeeJh _yefqyf&rSm ?

oifuawm– olh udkvbfaumif;vdrf–r,f / vmbfaumif;vdrf–r,fvdkh csnf;qdkae ? 0ãfajuG;awGurqyfyJ

aevdkh&rSmwJ–vm; ? 'Dawm– / olh udk oif 'k=ay;&mrusvm; ? wcsdKh uqdk&ifvJ olh rSm tpGrf;tp

@Sdaeovdkvdk-'gawGudkyJ pGJae / csr& _zpfaejuw,f ? 'gtpGJtvrf; r[kwfvm; ? _yD;awm– oif–taeeJh

wu,fod_yDxm;OD; ? w&m;orm; wpfa,mufyDyD-pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; xdef;&rSm / tmum v#dKh

210

0SufcsufawGudk omrefvla&ShrSm aygh aygh wefwef vSpf_yvdkh b,f_zpfrvJ ? w&m;oabmuawm– 'gayg–?

<< judK;,d >> a_ymif;vJw&m;usrf;eÚ ywfoufvdkh / b,fvdkvkyf wGufrvJ ? wcsdKh [mawGqdk&if tJ'DvdkrS

r[kwfawm–yJ[m ? 'Dawm– b,f–eÚvkyf oGm;wGufrvJ ? omrefvlwdkh&Jh vlh tzGJh tpnf;qdkwm / aA'if@SdcGif–

_yKw,f ? oifu pGrf;tif wu,f@Sdaeol_zpfw,f ? u|efawmf a_ymr,f ? wu,f–usif–oltaeeÚudk,fh

udkudk,f pHcsdef_rif–_rif–awmif;qdkzdkh aumif;w,f ? 'gayr,fvdkh wcsdKhu b,fvdkaA'ifar;ovJqdkawm–/

Þu|Ekfyf b,fvdkaeovJqdkwm wGufay;prf;ygOD; ? usif–wmb,fvdkaeovJ ? ab;'k= qdkufp&m

&Sdovm;ß wJ–? olrsm;udk tJ'DvdkoGm;twGufcdkif;w,f? tJ'Dab;'k=udk wGufvdkh &&if / oif b,f–eÚvkyf

wufvSrf;yg–rvJ ? usif–olwdkh &Jh wpfoufwmqdkwm _yif_yD;aerS[m ? v=%mwdkh / rsufESmv=%mwdkh /

arG;zGm;tajumif;t&mwdkh utp / cE<mudk,fu owif;tcsuftvufwdkh txd tukef_yif_yD;ae_yDrdkh /

b,fwlygawm–rvJ ? oifu,Hkvdkh wGufcdkif;wmr[kwfvm; ? r,Hk&if bmwGufaep&mvdkvJ ?

ola[mwmu tay:,Hu[mawG / oif–twdwfu [mawG ? 'gayr,fvdkh o@kyfoueftrSefawGuawm–

ta_ymif;tvJawG _zpfukef_yD ? 'Dawm– wpfqdwfavmuf pOf;pm;junfh juprf;yg ? oifolhudk wGufcdkif;awm–

ola_ymwmudk jum;&a&m r[kwfvm; ? ,Hka&m r[kwfvm; ? 'Dawm–pdwf"mwft& 0efxkyf0efydk; _zpfrvm&

ayvm; ? 0efxkyf0efydk;_zpfvm&avawm–/ oifrawG;yJaeyg–rvm; ? tpGJ_zpfrvm&ayvm; ? 'Dawm–

'DtpGJudk b,f–eÚvkyfc|wfyg–rvJ ? 'D'k=u vlh ya,m*ajumif– wdk;vm&wmr[kwfvm; ? ay:vmwJ–

'DtpGJ[m qif;&Jcg;oD;r+awGwdk;^yD;cHygrS aysmuf_y,fEdkifrSm r[kwfvm; ? *dwfwdkif; / ab;'k=wdkif;rSmyJ /

wufoGm;Edkifrvm; / usoGm;rvm;qdkwJ– _y\emay:aewmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? e*dkurS cuf&wJ–jum;xJrSm /

vlh ya,m*ajumif– ckvdkab;'k=wpfckxyfwdk;vm&_yefavawm– ? b,f–eÚvkyfausmfv$m;yg–rvJ ? ^yD;awm–

oifh taeeJh ab;'k=awGhaumif; awGhvm&rSm ? _*dKvfwdk;aumif; wdk;vm&rSm_zpfw,f ?

a_ymif;ay;_yD;_yD_zpfwJ–oif–b0c&D;udk b,folhudkrS todcHrSmr[kwfbl; ? odcJ–aomf b,fae&mrSm_zif–

b,fvdkab;'k=awG @Sdae_yDqdkwmudk a_ymxm;ESif–&if / oifb,f–eÚvkyf usif–yg–rvJ ? 'g–ajumif–vHk;vHk;udk

todrcHwm ? 'd_yif*dk%f;awGudkrqdkxm;eJh udk,f–*dk%f;xJu om;wynfh awGudkawmif todcHwmr[kwfzl;?

'g–ajumif– b,fvlrS rSefatmifa_ymEdkifrSmr[kwfzl; ? bm_yKvdkhvJqdkawm– 'Dwpfoufwmu

a_ymif;vJxm;^yD;_zpfwJ– wpfoufwm usif–juHa&; wpfoufwm _zpfvdkh ayg–?

wcsdKh u u|efawmfh udk ar;juw,f ? 'd_yifbmoma&;pmtkyfawG / tcdk;usifh pOf

pmtkyfawG junfh vdkh _zpfr_zpfwJh ? u|efawmfwdkh a_ymxm;r,f ? bmoma&;xJu pmtkyfawG / txl;o_zifh

Ak'<bmomxJu pmtkyfawG[m pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;usifh zdkh qHk;rwmcsnf; _zpfw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh uvJ

211

Ak'<*dk%f;yJ _zpfwmrdkh / udpPr@Sdzl;vdkh qdk&rSm ? 'gayr,fvdkh wpfckawmh @Sdw,f ? usrf;pmtkyfrsm;pGmwdkh qdkwm

wcsdKh u bmom_yef&mrSm tvGJvGJ tacsmfacsmf _zpfukefjuwmawG @Sdw,f ? _yD;awmh usrf;pmtkyfrsm;pGmwdkh

u @Sif;csufawGqdkwm[mvJ rwlwJ–tqif–uae @Sif;xm;juwm_zpfw,f ? ayg–ayg–wefwef t"dÑg,f

owfrSwfcsuf csxm;juwm_zpfw,f ? 'gw&m;awmfudk ysuf_ym;apatmif vkyf&muswmayg– ? usrf;pmawG

udk t&rf;t"dÑg,f @Sif;olwcsdKh [m / bk&m;&Jh tqifh eJh tvSrf;uGmvGef;vSavawm– usrf;pmawG&Jh/ wu,f–

teuft"dÑg,fudk tvsif;udkoabmaygufjuwmr[kwfzl; ? 'gajumif–rdkhvdkh em;vnfju&mrSm trsdK;rsdK;

uGJvGJaejuwm_zpfw,f ? tjuifoltaeeÚ 'Dusrf;awGudk junfh&mrSm vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm; em;vnfzdkh

qdkwmvG,fwmr[kwfzl; ? udk,f–[mudk,f oabmaygufzdkhqdkwmuawm– a0;a&m? 'gayr,fvdkh oifu

Þu|efawmfwdkh uawmh usrf;pmawGudk pdwf0ifpm;wmyJ ß qdk_yD; / usrf;pmawGudkcsnf;yJ pGJav–vmae&if /

tJ'D*dk%f;rSm usif–&m usae_yD rSwfayawm–? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawm–/ usrf;pmawGqdkwm[mvJ tJ'D*dk%f;u

pGrf;tifeJh w&m;wdkh udk aygif;ay;xm;wmrdkh / oifav–vmw,fqdk&ifyJ / tJ'D*dk%f;rSm usif–&musae_yDaygh ?

ckvdk_y\em @Sdaewmudk; ? wu,fvdkh oif–taeeJh Ed+ufEd+ufc|wfc|wf av–vm_yD; / olh twdkif;vdkufusif–&if /

u|efawmfwdkh usif–pOfudk usif–wmr[kwfawm–yJ / tJ'Dusif–pOftwdkif; usif–&m usaumif;usrSm_zpfw,f ? usif–

juH tm;xkwfju&mrSm / t'Gg"arRm ({aum"arRm) udk wpfav#mufvHk; cH,lvmcJ–juwmcsnf; r[kwfvm; ?

oifh taeeJh 'Dusifh pOfudk wu,fusif–r,fqdk&if / 'Dusif–pOfu usrf;awG udkom junfh ygav ?

tcdk;usif–pOf pmtkyfawGeJh ywfoufvdkh a_ym&&ifvJ / oifwu,fusifh r,fqdk&if rjunfh

aveJh ? txl;o_zifh ckxGufwJh pmtkyfawGudk rjunfh aveJh ? <<a&mif0g{u&mZf. cE<mwGif;a&m*gusrf;>>

wdkh / << @kyf-emrfvrf;!$efawmf >> wkdh 'grSr[kwf << Þawmufß (w&m;) usrf;awmf >> wdkhvdk

pmtkyfawGqdk&ifvJtwlwlyJayg– ? raumif;wmawG 'Davmufygwmr[kwfayr,fvdkh / rwlwJ–[if;vif;_yif

wdkh u owif;tcsuftvufawG ygaejuwmyJ ? ,if;wdkh udk,fYudku usif–enf;_zpfavawm–/ junfhw,f

qdk&ifyJ oif–txJudk wpfckck 0ifvmawm–rSm / taESmif–t,Suf _zpfvmapawm–rSm_zpfw,f ?

'Dpum;rSefw,fvdkh xif&if ? aumif;_yD / ,if;u0ifvmawm–rSm oif–pGrf;tifxJudk a&mufvmawm–rSm

_zpfw,f ? raumif;wm r[kwfayr,f–/ udk,f–[mr[kwfwmawG udk,f–txJ @kwfw&uf a&mufvmwJ–tcg

tcg / oif b,f–eÚvkyfusif–yg–rvJ ? _y\emay:&rSmyJr[kwfvm; ? @kyf-oHpufxJu tDvufx@Gefepf

yçnf;xJudk 'd_yif[m wpfckckavmuf oGm;xnfh junfh prf; / 'D@kyfoHpuf b,fvdkaervJvdkh ?

csufcsif;ysuf_yDom rSwfayawm–? 'Doabmaygh ? _yD;awmh / cktcdk;usif–pOf pmtkyfrsm;pGmwdkh [m

ta&_cHKawG _zpfjuwmeÚtr# / owif;tcsuftvufawGqdkwmvJ pHkvdkh ? u|efawmfwdkh oifom;

212

wpfa,mufqdk&if / tcdk;usif–pOfpmtkyfwpftkyfudk vSefjunfh vdkufwm / a_rGjuD;wpfaumif txJuae

ckefxGufvmygava&m ? tao;pdwfudkawm– u|efawmf a_ymraecsifawm–zl; ? ckeu u|efawmfa_ymcJ–

wmu / u|efawmfwdkh usif–olawGtaeeÚ udk,f–[mudk,f rSefrSefuefuef rudkifwG,f wwfvdkh

_*dKvfwdk;&wmawG _zpfw,f ? wenf;qdkawm– pdwfxm;ra_zmif–rSefvdkh _*dKvfwdk;&wm_zpfw,f ?

u|efawmfwdkh ckvdk xkwfa_ymwm bmaumif;usdK;@SdovJqdk&if / aemif_y\emray:&av atmif-b,fvdk

vkyfoGm;&if aumif;r,f / b,fvdktuJ_zwf&&if aumif;r,fqdkwmudk odxm;&awm–aumif;wmaygh ?

ckeuu|efawmf tav;wif; a_ymroGm;ayrJ–/ trsm;wumwdkh taeeJh juyfjuyf owdcsyfjuapvdkw,f ?

bm_yKvdkhvJqdkawm–/ 'DtcsufrSmudk _y\emay:wwfvdkh -_y\emay:av–@Sdvdkh _zpfw,f ? usif–juHa&;

qdkwm tifrwefh udk qif;&Jyifyef; / tifrwefh udk av;eufvSwJh udpPyDyD / enf;enf;uav; avmufom

owdrxm;rd&if / av#musaumif; usoGm;&rSm wpfcgwnf;udk ysufudef;qdkufaumif;qdkuf&rSm ? 'g–ajumif–

rkcsudk pdwfa_zmif–rSefrS_zpfr,f ?

udk,fcHodkif;ynm-tcdk;usif–pOf

twGif;usif–pOfuvGJvdkh / udk,fcHodkif;ynm-tcdk;usif–pOfvJ@Sdao;w,f ? udk,fcHodkif;ynm-

tcdk;usif–pOftajumif;eJh ywfoufvdkh a_ym&mrSm / _y\emwpf&yfudk u|efawmftav;wif; a_ym&OD;r,f ?

ckusif–juHa&;avmurSm tcdk;usif–pOfawG trsm;juD; ay:aew,fvdkh qdkw,f ?

yef;csD-tcdk;usifh pOf / *Dw-tcdk;usifh pOf / vufa&;vS-tcdk;usif–pOf / yefwsm-tcdk;usif–

pOfqdkwmawG ay:vmju_yef_yD ? tcdk;usif–pOfawGcsnf;wJ–vm; ? u|efawmf–tzdkhuawm– wu,f–

udkxl;qef;aewmyJ ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f ? 'gtcdk;usif–pOfudk 'kuQay;wmayg– / 'k=ay;wmom _zpf@Hkru

zsufvdkzsufqD;udk vkyfwmvJ_zpfw,fvdkh qdkcspfwmyJ / oabmw&m; taxmuftxm;u bmvJqdkawm–/

yef;csDqGJ-oDcsif;qdk-u-vufa&;vSa&;ju&mrSm / rdef;rdef;arsmarsm t_zpfrsdK;udkqdkufaomf / tcdk;usif–pOf

t_zpftaeqdkwmrsdK;udk qdkufaomf / tcdk;usif–pOf _zpfa&mayg–wJ–? tJ'Dvdk em;vnfvdkh r_zpfzl; ?

u|efawmfa_ymr,f ? 'gtcdk;usifh pOfudk zsufvdkzsufqD;vkyf&mrusvm; ? tcdk;usif–pOfqdkwm vlhcE<m usif–wJ–

us,f0ef;_yefh_yL; / odrfarGh eufeJvSwJ–ynmwpf&yf _zpfw,f ? atg ? rdef;rdef;arsmarsm qdkuf&wmeJh

tcdk;usif–pOf _zpf&a&mwJ–vm; ? 'Dvdkqdk u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh rdef;rdef;arsmrsmyHkpHrsdK;eÚ tdrfomwufju&if

bmvdkh ac:&rvJ ? 'gtcdk;usif–pOfudk zsufvdkzsufqD;vkyf&mrusvm; ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f ? tcdk;usifh pOfudk

213

zsufvdkzsufqD;udkvkyf&muswmaygh ? wESpf (1992 ckESpf) u ta@Sh wdkif;usef;rma&;_yyGJrSm / vufa&;vS-

tcdk;usif–pOf qdkwm@Sdw,f ? vufa&;vS-tcdk;usif–pOfqdkwm bmwJ–vJ ? u|efawmfoGm;junf–w,f ?

tJ'Dvl tJ'DrSmpkwfwHeÚ pma&;aew,f ? a&;_yD;wJ–tcg pmvHk;awGay:udk vufeJh tcdk;xkwfv$wfw,f ?

tcdk;rnf;rnf;awGayg–? aiGrufwmwdkh *k%frufwmwdkhqkdwmawG[m wpfacgif;vHk; _ynfh v#Haewm /

pGrf;tif@SdEdkifrSmwJ–vm; ? tcdk;awGqdkwmvJ aumif;EdkifrSmwJh vm; ? 'gawmifrS aps;enf;wmr[kwfzl; ?

EdkifiH_cm;om;awG 0,fjuwmawGh &w,f ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f ? 0,foGm;olawGawm– udk,ffusdK;enf;

_yDom rSwfayawmh ? tcdk;rnf;rnf;awG aumif;EdkifrSmwJ–vm; ? 'Dvlh rsufESmqdkwm rnf;aewmyJ ? olh

[mu aiGrufaewm / aiGtm@Hk pGJaewm / pGrf;tif@SdEdkifygh rvm; ? 'Dvlh emrnfuwf_ym;rSm / EdkifiHwum

vufa&;vS-tcdk;usifh pOf qdkwJh bGJh awGenf;wm r[kwfzl; ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f ? 'g tcdk;usifh pOfwJhvm;?

wqdwfavmuf pOf;pm;junfh juprf;yg ? u|efawmf– 'Doifwef;uae qif;oGm;juolawG

[m / uaeh &mcdkifE+ef; @Spfq,f udk;q,favmuf[m a&m*gawGaysmufukef@Hkru / pGrf;tifawG-wu,f–

pGrf;tifawGvJ ay:vmjurSm_zpfw,f ? oifwdkh udk,fay:u [mawGqdkwm awmfawm–udk omrefvGef

_zpfaeju_yD ? udk,f–[mudk,fusif–&if wpfoufvHk; usif–awmif&rSm r[kwfzl; ? vli,fawGtaeeJh ckup_yD;

usif–ju ? wpfoufvHk; usif–OD;awm–/ ck u|efawmfay;xm;wJ–[mawGudk &EdkifrSmr[kwfzl; ? 'gawmifrS

wu,f– q&maumif;orm;aumif;u oifay;OD;rS ? u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh rsdK;qufaygif; b,favmufrSef;

rodatmif _zwfoef;vmcJ–_yD;ygrS _zpfxGef;vmwJh 'D"rRpjumwdkh / 'D,÷&m;wdkh udk wpfcgwnf; oifwdkh udk

tukefyHkay;xm;_yD ? 'g–ajumif–&wm vG,foavmuf-qHk;wmvJ rvG,fvdkufygaveÚvdkh u|efawmfrSmxm;

yg&ap ? 'gawG[m tvGefh tvGef tzdk;teË xdkufwefwmawGaemf ? wefzdk;_zwfvdkh &wmr[kwfzl;aemf ?

u|efawmfwdkh 'Doifwef;uae qif;oGm;juwJ–tcg / oifwdkh udk,fay:rSm ay:aerSmu wu,f–pGrf;tifawG

_zpfw,f ? tqif–_rif– @kyf0wÔKawG _zpfw,f ? oifwdkh vJ tdrf_yefa&mufwJ–tcg pmESpfajumif;avmuf

a&;vdkufju ? vufa&;vSwm rvSwm tyxm;aygh ? 'gayrJ– pGrf;tifygaerSudk; ? 'Dawm– u|efawmfwdkh

oifwef;uae qif;oGm;juwJ–tcg / vlwdkif;vlwdkif; Þq&m ß bGJh wyf&awm–rwJ–vm; ? vufa&;vS-

tcdk;usifh pOf q&mawGcsnf; _zpfukef&awm–rwJ–vm; ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f ? ckvdkem;vnfvdkh b,f_zpfrvJ?

bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh / wu,f– od'<d@Sdol-pGrf;tif@Sdolwdkh qdkwm / wrifoGm;_yD; xkwfaep&m-v$wfaep&m

rvdkzl; ? oifudkifrdwJ–[mawGrSm pGrf;tifawG usefae&pfrSm ? 0if;0if;vufvuf _zpfae&pfrSm ?

ríZif;wpfapmifrSm owif;wpfckygvmwm awGh &w,f ? vufa&;vS-tcdk;usif–pOf

oifwef;zGif–rvdkh wJ–? u|efawmfvJ odcsifwmeJh junfh vdkufw,f ? b,fvdka&;xm;ovJqdkawm–/

214

xGufouf0ifouf tygt0if-touf@SLrSefatmif t&ifxdef;^yD;&if / w&m;xdkif / tm@Hkudk "mwfvHk;v,fu

tcdk;awGqDudk ydkh xm; ? q,f–ig;rdepfu em&D0ufavmuftxd xdkifrdwJ–tcg / "mwfvHk;v,fu tcdk;awGudk

vufzsHa&mufatmifydkh / pkwfwHeÚrSifwdkh / tcdk;awGudk pkwfwHzsm;txdydkh / tm@HkvJa&mufa&m / pmvJa&;Edkif

a&mwJh ? 'gvSnfh pm;wmr[kwfvdkh bmvJ ? atg ? tcdk;awGudk wpfae&m&m a&mufatmifydkhEdkif&if /

tcdk;usif–pOfqdkwm _zpfa&mwJ–vm; ? 'g_zif– u|efawmfwdkh xrif;pm;wJ–tcg / cew&m;xdkif / wludk,l /

tcdk;awGudk wltzsm;ta&mufydkh _yD;xrif;pm;ju ? 'Dawm– xrif;pm;-tcdk;usif–pOfvdkh ac:&awm–rwJ–vm; ?

pm;wmawGuqdk&ifvJ pGrf;tifawGcsnf;udk; ? t_zpfudk a_ym&wmav ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f ? tcdk;usif–pOf

udk zsufvdkzsufqD;vkyf&musaewmayg–? tcdk;usif–pOfudk wdrfwdrfuav;&,fvdkh xifaeju&Smwmudk;?

'g–ajumif– ckvdkem;vnfvdkh r_zpfzl;av?

'gayr,fvdkh udk,fcHodkif;ynm-tcdk;usif–pOfuawm–/ oD;_cm;vGwfvyfwJ–tcdk;usif–pOf

wpf&yf _zpfae_yD ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawm–/ ,if;rSm axmifpkESpftrsm;@Sd^yD_zpfwJ– qufcH_zpfpOf @Sdaewmudk; ?

_yD;awm– _ynfh _ynfh pHkpHk _zpfwJ–usif–juHoabmw&m;wpfpHkk&,ff _ynfh pHkwJ–usif–enf;wpfpHk&,fwdkh&Sdaewmudk; ?

'g–ajumif– ,if;udk _ynfh pHkwJ– t&mpkwpf&yfvdkh qdkEdkifw,f ? odkh _zpfwJ–wdkifatmif udk,fcHodkif;ynm-

tcdk;usif–pOf[mvJ u|efawmfwdkh twGif;usif–pOfxJu tedrf–qHk;tqif–u[m_zpfw,f ? tcdk;usif–pOftrm

qdkwmuawm– @kyf0wÔKpGrf;tif tpdkiftcJwpfrsdK;_zpf_yD; / twdkuftcdkuftwGuf oufoufom_zpfw,f ?

Oyrm_y&&if / yDuif;uoifom;wpfa,muf[m / u|efawmfwdkh "rRpjumw&m;awmfoifwef; wuf_yD;wJ–

aemufrSm/ bmypPnf;udkrqdk vufeJh zdvdkh r_zpfzl; ? qdkifoGm;_yD; uav;vufwGef;vSnf;0,fwm / cdkifrcdkif

vufeÚtomuav; prf;junhf vdkuf@HkeJh vSnf;wpfpD;vHk; _ydKysufoGm;&ygava&m ? olvJudk,f–[mudk,f

tH–jordwmayg–? tdrfa&mufvdkh ukvm;xdkif xdkifwJ–tcg vufeÚzdvdkhr_zpfzl; ? zdrd&if ukvm;xdkif ajurGoGm;

ygava&m ? bm_zpfwmvJvdkh u|efawmf–udkar;w,f ? oltpGJ_zpfrSmpdk;vdkh u|efawmfa_ymr_yzl; ? Þ'gobm0

ta_ctaeawGcsnf;ayg– ? tvdkufoif– aeoGm;&if_yD;a&m ? ta&;vkyfaep&mrvdkzl; ? aumif;wm

awGcsnf;yJ ß vdkh a_ymvdkufw,f ? 'DpGrf;tifudkom oHk;wwf&if / ausmufcJudk vufeJh a_cvdkuf@HkeÚ r+efh r+efh

nufnuf _zpfoGm;&rSm ? tcdk;usif–pOftrmqdkwm 'gayg– ? 'gayr,fvdkh olh taeeÚuawm– tcdk;usif–pOftrm

usif–zl;wmr[kwfzl; ? twGif;usif–pOfrSm a,bl,stm;_zif– ckvdkpGrf;tifawGay:vmwwfw,f ? 'gayr,fvdkh

vlawG pdwfrxdef;wwfjuvdkh / pGrf;tifay:wJh wdkifatmifvJ oHk;cGifh ray;yJaewm ? txl;o_zifh tqifh edrfh

rSm usifh aewJh tcg / vlwdkh &Jh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; wufrvmao;vdkh / tqifh edrfh rSm ay:wJh pGrf;tifawGudk

215

vHk;vHk;udkxkwfray;yJaewm ? jumawm–oiftqif–_rif–vmwJ–tcg / 'gawGvJ toHk;rusawm–vdkh / xkwfay;

aep&m rvdkawm–zl;ayg–?

udk,fcHodkif;ynm-tcdk;usifh pOfudk twdtus b,fvdkusifh ovJ ? usif–wJ–tcg tcdk;awG udk

o,fEdkifatmif usif–&w,f ? 'gayrJ– usif–prSm rvG,fzl; ? udk,f–[mudk,f o,fcsif@HkeJh o,fvdkh &a&mwJ–vm; ?

b,f&rvJ ? b,fh eJh vkyfrvJ ? vufudk usif–&w,f ? _yD;awm– &iftkyfab;ESpfzufpvHk;udk a&m /a_c /

a_caxmuf / vufarmif; / vufzsHeJh acgif;wdkh udkyg usif–&w,f ? b,fvdkusif–&ovJ ? wcsdKh uopfyif udk

vufeJh twdkuftcdkufvkyfjuw,f / vuf0g;eJh @dkufjuw,f ? wcsdKh u vufudk ausmuf_ym;ay:rSm

@dkufjuw,f / toH_rnfatmif@dkufjuw,f / t@dk;xdvdkuf&if b,favmufemvdkufrvJ? enf;enf;avmuf

tm;_yif;&if aoG;xGufygava&m ? 'gayr,fvdkh tcdk;awGuawm– o,fvdkh r&ao;zl; ? b,f–eÚvkyfyg–rvJ ?

vufarmif;udkp_yD; a0Sh &rf;vmygava&m ? aoG;awGudk vufarmif;qD_yefusvmap_cif;tm;_zif–

vufarmif;eÚ vufwdkh[m azmif;vmrSm / yGvmrSm_zpfw,f ? pifppfa&mifudkif;vmwmayg–? 'daemuf

ausmufwHk;udk @dkufwJ–tcg / tom;awGucHaeawm– t@dk;udkwdkuf@dkufxdrSm r[kwfvdkh 'davmufemrSm

r[kwfawm–zl; ? olusif–vmwmeJh tr# / q&mocifu oifay;vmvdrfh r,f ? jumawm– tcdk;awGudk

o,fwwfvma&m ? 'gaywJh tcdk;awGudk o,fwwf@HkeJh r_yD;ao;zl; ? wu,fwdkufjuwJ–tcg /

wpfzufom;u apmif–aerSm r[kwfzl; ? rSefw,f ? tcdk;awGudk o,fEdkifvmwJh tcg / twdkuf tcdkuf

cHEdkif&nf&Sdvm_yD_zpfvdkh / tifrwef wkwfwJ–wkwfjuD;eJh @dkufwJh wdkifatmif emcsifrSemrSm ? tcdk;awGudk

vufqDo,fwJh tcg vufawG yGxvmvdrfh r,f ? 'gayrJh tcdk;awGqdkwmu tpOD;ydkif;rSm

ueOD;tusqHk;t&m _zpfw,f ? a@Sh qufusifh wJh tcg / 'Dtcdk;awG[m pGrf;tif_rifh @kyf0wÔKt_zpfudk

ul;a_ymif;vmrSm _zpfw,f ? tJ'Dtcg us&if / odyfonf;q juD;rm;wJh pGrf;tiftpdkiftcJ w_znf;_znf;

_zpfvmrSm_zpfw,f ? ckvdk pGrf;tiftpdkiftcJrsdK;[m todOm%f&Sdwmrdkh / omrefvGeftpGrf; tpdkiftcJvJ

rnfayw,f ? omrefvGef tpGrf;wpfrdsK;aygh ? odkh ay r,fvdkh / ckvdk tpGrf;rsdK;[m wdkufcdkuf_cif;eJh

ckcHumuG,f_cif;twGufoHk;wm oufouf_zpfvdkh / a&m*guk&m rSm oHk;&if pGHrSmr[kwfzl; ? ckvdkpGrf;tif_rifh

0wÔKu 'd_yif[if;vif;_yifrSm_zpf^yD; ? u|efawmfwdkh [if;vif;_yifudk _zwfwmr[kwfvkdh olh tcsdefu

u|efawmfwdkh xuf _refw,f ? olrsm;udk oifwdkufrJh tcg / tcdk;o,faep&m / awG;aep&m rvdkawmh zl; ?

pGrf;tifu a&mufESifh ae_yD ? olrsm; twdkuftcdkufudk oifu qD;cHvdkufwJh tcgrSmqdk&ifvJ / pGrf;tifu

t&ifa&mufESifh ae_yD ? oif–odkif;uGuf b,f–avmuf_ref_ref / pGrf;tifu oifh xuf_refwmcsnf; rSwfyg ?

ESpfzuftcsdef t,ltqcsif;u wlrSrwlyJudk; ? udk,fcHodkif;ynm tcdk;usifh pOf usifh &mrSm / ÞoHvuf0g; ß

216

wdkh / Þ[oF_y'g; vuf0g; ß wdkh / Þ 0Zd& a_caxmufß wdkh / Þ&[÷ma&$z0g;ß wdkh vdk tpGrf;awG

&vmEdkifjuw,f ? 'gawG[m omrefvlawGjum;uh tpGrf;tp_zpfw,f ? omrefvlwdkh taeeJh usif–&if;

ckvdkt_zpfrsdK;udk qdkufvmEdkifju w,f ?

udk,fcHodkif;ynm tcdk;usifh pOfeJh twGif;usifh pOfwdkh jum;u tjuD;rm;qHk; _cm;em;csufu /

udk,fcHodkif;ynm tcdk;usifh pOftaeeJh v+yf@Sm;&if;usif–&w,f ? 'g–ajumif– tcdk;awG[m ta&_ym;atmufu

oGm;juw,f ? v+yf@Sm;&if; usif–&vdkh / t^idrf;"mwfr&Edkifbl; ? tcdk;awGvJ "mwfvHk;v,fxJ r0ifyJ /

ta&_ym;atmufrSm av#mufoGm;ae / tom;xJ av#mufoGm;aevdkh / toufudk usifh vdkh r&zl; ? tqif–_rif–

usif–tm;vJ usif–vdkh r&zl; ? u|efawmfwdkh twGif;usifh pOfuawmh _idrfae&if;usifh &vdkh / a,bl,stm;_zifh

tcdk;awG[m "mwfvHk;v,fxJ a&mufju& / Adkufatmufydkif; a&mufju&w,f ? _yD;awm–

t^idrf;"mwfoufa&mufwJ–t_zpfrSm usifh a&; / udk,fcE<m w_zpful;a_ymif;a&;wdkh udkvJ ta&;xm;usifh

juw,f ? 'gh ajumihf vJ toufudk usifh vdkh &ovdk-ydk_rif–wJ– tqif–awGudk wufvSrf;vdkh vJ&w,f ?

_yD;awmh 0wÔKawGxJrSmygwJh a&$acgif;avmif;tkyfaqmif; usifh pOfwdkh / oHtuôs usifh pOfwdkh /

ay:yvmyifudk tvSrf;wpf&mtuGmuae azmufxGif;EdkifpGrf;qdkwmwdkhudk trsm;wumwdkh taeeJh

jum;zl;aumif; jum;zl;juvdrfh r,f ? usifh juHtm; tayg–rsdK;qdk&ifvJ t_rif–rSmajumifawGvdk

ayg–yg;zswfvwfpGm ul;vl;,Sufoef;Edkifjuw,fwJ–? wcsdKh qdk&if 'd_yif[if;vif; _yifawGudkawmif

0ifEdkifjuw,fwJh ? ckvdktpGrf;awG @Sd&Jhvm; ? @Sdw,f ? 'guawmh aocsmw,f ? 'gayr,fvdkh

omrefvlawmxJrSm r@Sdzl; ? wu,f–udk tJ'Davmuf usifhtm;aumif;aejuolawGusawmh / vlawmxJrSm

tpGrf;_yvdkh r_zpf_yefzl; ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh olwdkh taeeJh u udk,fcHodkif;ynm oufoufudkom usifh

aejuolawG r[kwfawmh yJudk; ? omrefvlawG tqifh udk vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm; vGefaeolawG_zpfaerSudk; ?

'DvlawG[m twGif;usif–pOft& usif–&wmrdkh / pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; wufatmifusifh &-xdef;&rSm _zpfw,f ?

@kyf0wWKt usdK;vdk[mrsdK;awGudk aygh aygh oabmxm;&rSm _zpfw,f ? olwdkhtaeeJh ckvdktpGrf;tp @Sdae_yD

_zpfayrJh / omrefvlawGjum;rSm aygh aygh wefwef oHk;vdkh r_zpfawmh zl; ? vlr@SdwJh tcgrsdK;rSm udk,fh

[mudk,f vkyfjunfh &ifawmh _zpfwmaygh ? 0wÔKawGxJrSm a&;xm;wmawG junfh ygvm; ? "m;vG,fa_ryHk

qdkwmwdkh / OpPm&wemwdkh / rta&;wdkh twGuf / wdkufjucdkufju / owfju_zwfjueJh [m / tpGrf;tp

juD;vdkufjuwm ra_ymeJh awmh / odjum;awG ewfawGuawmif t@+H;ay;&rwwfayg– ? wqdwf

pOf;pm;junhf yg / ckvdktpGrf;@Sdwm twGif;usifh pOf usifh vdkh r[kwfvm; ? pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;udk

aumif;aumif;usifh xm;vdkh r[kwfvm; ? *k%fawGtusdK;awG / &rufawGqdkwm olwkdhtzdkh

217

ayghukefyg;ukefju^yDr[kwfvm; ? 'Dawmhh vlowfOD;rSmwJh vm; ? ypPnf;OpPmawGudk

'davmufta&;xm;aeOD;rSmwJhvm; ? vHk;vHk;udkr_zpfEdkifwm / tEkynmvuf&m awGxJu csJh

um;r+om_zpfw,f ? vlawGqdkwm b0ifjuGatmif qGay;wmrsdK;udk judKufjuwm / tmoma_ywmrsdK;udk

judKuffjuwm ? pma&;q&mawGuvJ 'Dtcsufudk rdrd&&udkif^yD; / b,fvdktmoma_y&if-

b,fvdkoabmacGh &if / b,fvdkvdkufa&;^yD rSwfayawmh ? *ÝD&qefqefa&;av-junfh csifjuavaygh ?

okckr csJh um;r+ayudk; ? wu,fh udk ckvdktpGrf;@SdolawGus awmh b,f'Dvdkvkyfygh rvJ ? txl;o_zifh

vlbHkv,frSm o@kyf_yoabmrsdK; b,fawmh rS vkyf_yrSm r[kwfzl; ?

ay:vGifvdkpdwf

u|efawmfwdkh oifom;rsm;pGmwdkh [m / omrefvlawGjum;rSm usifh aejuwm_zpfvdkh/

tpGJtvrf; rsm;pGmwdkh udk pGefh vdkh r&Edkif _zpfaejuw,f ? tpGJtvrf;rsm;pGmqdk&if udk,fh [mudk,fawmif

owdr_yKrdavmufatmif-obm0vdkudk _zpfaeju_yD ? ckvdkay:vGifcsifwJh pdwfrsdK;[m ae&mwumrSm

ay:w,f ? aumif;r+_yK&mrSmvJ ay:wmyJ ? aehpOfb0rSm udk,fhtaeeJh *k%fwdkh / tusdK;wdkhtwGuf

aumif;usdK;uav; enf;enf;avmuf cHpm;&^yDqdk&if / udk,fh taeeJh tpGrf;tp@SdrSef; / vloef_zpfrSef;odap

atmif vkyf_ywwfju / juGm;_ywwfjuw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh usifh olawGjum;rSmvJ ckvdk[mrsdK; @SdwmyJ ?

usifh wmrqdk;wm / 'dAýp=K rqdk;wm / v+yf@Sm;uGuf rqdk;wmwdkh qdk&ifvJ juGm;csifwwfjuw,f ?

q&mvDbmtajumif;a_ymwm usKyfjum;&w,fqdk^yD; wcsdKhu avoHv$ifhwJhtcg

jum;&olawGu 0dkif;tHkvmwwfjuwmaygh ? olu udk,fem;vnfovdk 'D[mav; [dk[mav; tydk_znfh ^yD;

vrf;ab;owif;_zefh ygava&m? &nf@G,fcsuf uawmh juGm;wmyJaygh ? wcsdKh uqdk&ifvnf;

vrf;ab;owif;_zefh juwm / 'DvlhqDuae [dkvlhqDa&muf-[dkvlhqDuae 'DvlhqDa&mufeJh /

^rdef&nf@Suf&nf a_ymaevdkufjuwm ? olwdkh yJ tjum;t_rif rsm;ovdkvdk ? u|efawmfwdkh oifom;awG

'davmufrsm;wm / olwdkh avmuf em;rvnfjuovdk / olwdkh avmuf rodjuovdkaygh ? olwdkh taeeJh

uawmh obm0vdkudk _zpfaerSudk; ? rodvdkuf rodbmom vkyfrdwmrsdK; _zpfcsif_zpfrSmaygh av? ikyfaewJh

olwdkh twGif;pdwfxJrSm ckvdkjuGm;csifpdwf @Sdrae&if bm_yKvkdh ? 'Dvrf;ab; owif;awGudk _zefh ae&rSmvJ ?

wcsdKh uvJ q&m b,fawmh -b,fawmh awmifay:udk _yefrvdkh qdk^yD;owif;_zefh aejuw,f ?

218

u|efawmfu awmifay:uqif;vmwmrS r[kwfwm / b,fuvm awmifay:udk _yefae& rSmvJ ? wcsdKh

uvJ b,fvdka_ymovJqdkawmh / b,faeh u b,fvlh udk q&mu bmawGa_ymvdkufw,f / Þtdk;uav;

xrif;[if;ß (txl;wvnf tcGifhta&;ay;_cif; ) au|;vdkufw,fwJh ? ckvdkowif;_zefh wm bmtusdK;@Sdvdkh

vJ ? bmrStusdK; r@Sdzl; ? 'gu/ olh tpGJtvrf; -olh juGm;csifpdwf_zpfw,fqdkwmudk u|efawmfwdkh awGhae

ju&w,f ?

wcsdKh uawmh vJ u|efawmfh udk vufrSwfxdk;cdkif;w,f ? &nf@G,fcsufu bmvJ ? omref

vlawGvkyfjuovdk-trSwfw&aygh ? oifrusifh &if u|efawmfvufrSwfxdk;vJ tvum;yJ ? u|efawmfh

pmtkyfxJu pmvHk;wdkif;-pmvHk;wdkif;[m u|efawmfh yHkoGifeJh "rRpjumawGcsnf;_zpfw,f ? pum;tcGef;

wdkif;-tcGef;wdkif; u|efawmfa_ymwmawGcsnf;_zpfw,f ? bmrsm;vufrSwfxdk;ae&OD;rSmvJ ? vufrSwfxdk;

&if q&mocifh&Jhowif;tcsuftvufawGu igh udk apmifh a@Smufa&mvdkh wcsdKh u xifaejuw,f ?

owif;tcsuftvufqdkwmrsdK;awGudk rufaejuwkef; ? owif;tcsuftvufeJh ywfoufvdkh u|efawmfwdkh

vJ a_ymraezl; ? 'Dpmtkyfqdk&ifyJ wefzdk;_zwfvkdh&wmr[kwfawmhbl; ? oifbmrsm; vdkcsifaeao;vdkh vJ ?

'gawG[m tpGJtvrf;awGuae ay:vmwmawGcsnf;_zpfw,f ? ^yD;awmh wcsdKh uvJ u|efawmfeJh twl

ygvmjuwJh oifom;wdkh a_ymyHkqdkyHk / vuf[efa_c[efwdkh udk awGh &wJh tcg / aumif;rSef;qdk;rSef;rodvdkuf

twk,l juw,f ? pifppf u|efawmfwdkhtzdkh b,folbm_zpfaeae / w&m;wpfckom@Sdw,f ?

'Dw&m;awmfjuD;eJh tnD vdkufemaqmif @GufygrSom / wu,fh pH _zpfayr,f ? u|efawmfeJh twl

ygvmjuwJh oifom;awG[m / bm Þtdk;uav; xrif;[if; ß rSpm;wmr[kwfzl; / trsm;enf;wlcsnf;

_zpfw,f ? olwdkh [m okawoetoif;u 0efxrf;awGom_zpfw,f ? ckvdktpGJrsdK;awG ray:juygaveJh ?

ckvdktpGJrsdK; ay:vmwJh tcg w&m; awmfjuD;udk rodvdkuf rodbmom zsufqD;&muswwfvdkh _zpfw,f ?

oifckvdk aumvm[v qefqefzefwD;vdkufawmh / yãdy=awGawmifay:aumif;ay:vmrSm_zpfw,f ?

oifom;rsm;udk tpGJay:aprSm / [dk[mav; 'D[mav; jum;&vdkjum;&_im; qdk^yD; / q&mh

tem;wdk;vmaprSm_zpfw,f ? 'gawGtm;vHk;[m 'D_y\em csnf; r[kwfvm; ?

ckvdkay:vGifpdwfrsdK;[m b,fvdk[mrsdK;awGudk _zpfay:apEdkifao;ovJ ? usifh pOf u|efawmf

oifay;vmcJh wm ESpfESpf@Sd^yD ? u|efawmfwdkh "rRpjumw&m;awmfusifh wJh oifom;a[mif;awGxJu wcsdKh

[m rjumcif od'<dyGifh aumif; yGifh vmrSm_zpfw,f ? wcsdKh qdk&ifvJ _znf;_znf;csif; w&m;tvif;yGifhwJh

t_zpfudk qdkufa&mufvmjuawmhrSm_zpfw,f / @kwfw&ufqdkovdk qdkufa&mufvmjurSm_zpfw,f ?

'DpGrf;tifawG bm_yKvdkh [dkwkef;u rxGufovJ ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh u|efawmfu oifwdkh udk wpfcgwnf;

219

t_rifh juD;udk xdk;wifvdkufwm ? oifwdkh taeeJh omrefvlwdkh &Jh pdwfawGrazsmufvdkh b,f_zpfrvJ ?

rSefw,f / oifwdkh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;tyHkjuD;wufvm^yD? 'gayr,fvdkh tpGJtvrf;awG

trsm;juD;usefao;w,f ? 'gh ajumifh oifwdkh udk 'DpGrf;tifawG rxGufapwm _zpfw,f ? oifwdkh taeeJh

ckvdktqifh udk _zwfoef;vmcJh ju / wnf^idrfvmjuwJh tcgusawmh / _znf;_znf;csif; w&m;tvif;yGif–vm

wJ–t_zpfudk wr[kwf_cif; qdkufa&mufvmju&rSm _zpfw,f ? ckvdk _znf;_znf;csif; w&m;tvif;yGifhvmwJh

ta_ctaerSm / oifwdkh 'dAýp=K t_rifh juD; yGifh vmrSm_zpfw,f ? pGrf;tifawG trsm;juD;

ay:vmrSm_zpfw,f ? pifppfu|efawmfa_ymr,f ? wu,fwrf; usifh vmwmeJh w^ydKifeuf / pGrf;tifawG

trsm;juD; ay:vmrSm_zpfw,f ? ckavmuf_rifhwJhtqifh _rifh udk oifwdkha&mufaeju^yD ? 'gh ajumifh

pGrf;tifawGu awmfawmh udk rsm;wm ? rjumcif u|efawmfwdkh oifom;rsm;pGmwdkh [m ckvdkt_zpfudk

qdkufaumif; qdkufvmjurSm_zpfw,f ? ^yD;awmh wcsdKh qdk&ifvJ usifh wm tqifh _rifh rSm r[kwfzl; ? olwdkh

udk,fay:rSm ygvmwmawG&,f / olwdkh cHEdkif&nf&,fwdkh &Jh aygif;pyfr+[m yHkao_zpf w,f ? 'gh ajumifh wcsdKh

taeeJh tifrwefedrfh wJh tqifh rSm od'<dyGifh-Om%ftvif;yGifh vmjurSm_zpfw,f ? vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm;

Om%ftvif;yGifhvmjurSm_zpfw,f ? ckvdkvlawG ay:vmvdrfh r,f ?

'D_y\emudk u|efawmfxkwfa_ymwm w_cm;ajumifh r[kwfzl; ? tJ'Dvdk vlrsdK; wpfaeh aeh

ay:vmwJh tcg / e,fe,f&&r[kwfwJh Om%fawmf@SifjuD;t_zpf juyfjuyfoabmrxm;vdkufygaveJh

qdkwmudk rSmxm;csifvdkh _zpfw,f ? 'gusifh juHtm;xkwfa&;rSm tifrwef av;eufwJh _y\emwpf&yf

_zpfw,f / 'Dw&m;awmfjuD;eJh tnD vdkufemaqmif@GufygrSom rSefayvdrfhr,f ? olrsm;pGrf;tifwdkh / od'<dwdkh

udk awGh &wJh tcgrsdK;rSm_zpfap / wpfckckudk awGh &wJh tcgrsdK;rSm_zpfap / olh aemufvdkufroGm;ygaveJh /

ola_ymwmudk vdkufem;raxmifygaveJh ? oifolh udk 'k=ay;&m usvdrfh r,f / olh taeeJh yDwdtpGJay:vm

rSm _zpfw,f / tqHk;us&if bmrqdk qHk;@H+;ukef& / ydwfqdkhukef&rSm_zpfw,f ? aemufqHk;usawmh

*|rf;ypfusoGm;&rSm _zpfw,f ? od'<dyGifh ^yD_zpfwJh wdkifatmifvJ _yefusoGm;&rSm_zpfw,f / udk,fh udkudk,f

juyfrwfwm r[kwf&if / w&m;tvif;yGifh ^yD_zpfwJh wdkifatmifvJ _yefusoGm;&rSmyJ ? bk&m;awmifrS udk,fh

udkudk,f aumif;aumif;rjuyfrwfEdkif&if / atmufudkus&ao;wm / omrefvlawGjum;rSm usifh aejuwJh

oifwdkh tzdkh awmh b,fa_ymaep&m vdkawmh rvJ ? 'gh ajumifh oifh taeeJh pGrf;tifawG b,favmufay:

vmaeae-b,favmufoefvmaeae / od'<dawG b,fh avmufjuD;wufvmaeae / udk,fh udkudk,f

rkcsqwfqwf aumif;aumif;xdef;oGm;EdkifrS_zpfr,f ? 'Dwavm wcsdKh 'DrSmxdkif ae&if;

udk,faysmufoGm;a&m / rjumcif _yefay:vm_yefa&m ? tJ'DvdkyJaygh / 'dxufjuD;wJh od'<dawGvJ ay:vm rSmyJ

220

aemifus&if oif b,fhES,fhvkyfrvJ ? u|efawmfwdkh oifom;rsm;taeeJh / om;wynfh rsm;taeeJh /

aemifckvdkt_zpfrsdK; udk,fh tay:rSm ay:vmvm / olrsm;tay:rSm ay:vmvm / oGm;junf!dkraeaveJh ?

oGm;rufraeaveJh ? oifh pdwfvGJ^yD qdkwmeJh w^ydKifeuf / juG^yDomrSwfayawmh / u|rf;ypfus&^yDom

rSwfayawmh ? oifuawmif olh xuf _rifh csif_rifh aerSm / od'<dray:ao;wm wrnfyJ

uGmw,f ? ,kwfpGtqHk; 'D_y\emrSm oifusoGm;&rSm_zpfw,f ? 'gh ajumifh 'D_y\emudk

juyfjuyfowdcsyfjuygav ? 'DudpPudk u|efawmfwdkh u tifrwef ta&;juD;wJh ae&mrSm xm;vm^yD ?

bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh 'DudpPu t_refay:vmawmh rSmudk; / ay:vmwJh tcg oifrudkifwG,fwwf&if

b,f_zpfrvJ ?

usifh juHolwdkh taeeJh od'<day:vm / od'<dyGifh vmwJh tcg _zpfap / wu,fh udk Om%ftvif;

yGifh vmwJh tcg _zpfap / udk,fh udkudk,f b,fodkh b,fnmvdkh oabmxm;vdkh r_zpfzl; ? olwdkh _rif&wmawG

u olwdkh tqifh u[mawGom _zpfw,f ? olwdkh usifh juwm tJ'Dtqifh txdom aygufaejuwmudk; ?

wenf;tm;_zifh a_ym&&if olwkdhtodw&m;u tJ'Dtxdom aygufaejuwmudk; / olwdkhpdwf&nfpdwfaoG;u

tJ'Dtxdom aygufaejuwmudk; / olwdkhOm%fynmuvJ tJ'Dtxdom aygufaejuwmudk; ? 'gh ajumifh

ydk_rif–wJ– tqif– u[mawGudk ,HkcsifrS,HkrSm ? r,Hkjuvdkh vJ / rdrdwdkh awGh ae_rifaeju&awGurS tjuGif;rJh

_zpfwmvdkh xifaeju/ 'gawGyJayghvdkh xifaejurSm_zpfw,f ? b,f[kwfygh rvJ / ta0;juD;vdkao;wmayg–?

ckvdk_zpf&wmuawmh olh wdkhtqifhu tJ'Davmuftxdom@Sdaywmudk; ?

vlwcsdKh[m 'Dtqifh rSm od'<dyGifh juawmh rSm _zpfw,f ? xyfusifhvnf; wufEdkifrSm

r[kwfawmhvdkh 'Dtqifh rSmyJ od'<dyGifh / Om%ftvif; yGif–ju&awm–rSm _zpfw,f ? aemifusifh juHayguf

a_rmufjurJh olrsm;teuf / wcsdKh u avmuDwGif; usifh enf;uav;rsm;t& Om%ftvif;yGifh vmjurSm

_zpfovdk / wcsdKh u rwlwJh tqifh awGrSm Om%ftvif; yGifh vmjurSm _zpfw,f ? wcsdKh uawmh

r*fzdkvftqifh wdkh rSm w&m;tvif;&vmjurSm_zpfw,f ? r*fzdkvftqifh rSm w&m;tvif;&rS t_rifh qHk;

_zpfw,f ? olwdkh taeeJh tqifh toD;oD;rSmyJ _rifEdkifvmju / ay:vGifEdkifvmjurSm_zpfw,f ? avmuDwGif;

usifh enf;uav;rsm;t& tedrfh qHk;tqifh rSm od'd<yGifh Om%ftvif;yGifh olrsm;taeeJh vJ / [if;vif;_yifwcsdKh

/ Om%fawmf @SifwcsdKh udk awGh _rifEdkifjurSm _zpfw,f ? olwdkheJh-qufqHEdkifjurSm_zpfw,f ? tJ[dktcgus&if

oifh taeeJh udk,fh udkudk,f [kwfvS^yDqdk^yD; tjunfpdkufraeaveJh? avmuDwGif; usifh enf;uav;awGt&

tqifh edrfh rSm od'<dyGifh wm / r*fzdkvftqifh ra&muf Edkifzl; ? 'guawmh usdef;aoaygh ? 'Dawmh b,fh eJh

vkyfygh rvJ ? olh taeeJh 'Dtqifh rSmyJae ae&rSm _zpfw,f? aemiftqifh _rifh udk qufusifh zdkh qdkwmu

221

aemufudpP_zpfw,f ? 'gayr,fvdkh usifh wm'Dtqifh txdyJ aygufEdkifavawmh um / od'<dryGifh yJ aevdkh

bmvkyfrvJ ? usifh wm wufrSrwufEdkifawmh yJudk; / 'gh ajumifh od'<dyGifh &awmh rSmaygh ?

tqHk;wdkifaerSudk; ? ckvdkvlrsdK;awG trsm;juD; ay:vmvdrfh r,f ? b,fvdkta_ctaersdK; ay:vmvm /

pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;udk rkcsaumif;aumif;xdef;&r,f ? w&m;awmftwdkif; vdkufem aqmif@GufygrSom

wu,fh udk rSefrSm ? oifh pGrf;tif_zpf_zpf / oifh wefcdk;yGifh wm _zpf_zpf / w&m;awmfusifh&if;

&vmwm_zpfw,f ? wu,fvdkh oifu w&m;awmfudk omrnae&mrSmxm;^yD; / oifh od'<dudk ta&;juD; wJh

ae&mrSmxm;&if _zpfap / Om%ftvif;yGifh olwdkh taeeJh udk,fh 'Dt_rif [dkt_rifu rSefw,fvdkh xif&if_zpfap/

udk,fh udkudk,f awmfvS^yD / w&m;awmfxuf om^yDvdkh xifae&if _zpfap / u|efawmfa_ymr,f / oifawmh

atmufudkusp_yK^yDom rSwfayawmh t÷&m,frsm;^yDom rSwfayawmh ? r[efonfxuf r[efawmh zl;vdkh

om rSwfayawmh ? tJ[dktcgus &if oifawmh wu,fh udk 'k=rsm;^yDom rSwfayawmh / ta[moduH

_zpfukef&rSm ? vkyfwmr[kwf&if *|rf;xdk;arSmufckefusoGm;&rSm / usifh xm;wmawG ta[moduH

_zpfukef&rSm ?

u|efawmfa_ymxm;&OD;r,f / u|efawmfh 'Dpmtkyfyg tajumif;t&mawG[m oifwef;wcsdKh

rSm u|efawmfa_ymcJh wmawGudk pkaygif;xm;wm_zpfw,f ? tukefu|efawmfa_ymwmcsnf;_zpfw,f / tcGef;

wdkif;-tcGef;wdkif; u|efawmfa_ymwmcsnf;_zpfw,f / toHoGif;judK;acGuae wpfvHk;csif;-wpfvHk;csif;

xkwf,l / wpfvHk;csif;-wpfvHk;csif; ul;,lxm;wm _zpfw,f ? u|efawmfh om;wynfh eJh oifom;wdkh u

u|efawmfh udk ul̂ yD; / toHoGif;judK;acGuae ul;,lxm;wm _zpfw,f ? _yD;rS u|efawmfu wpfacguf^yD;wpf

acguf pdppf_yifqifxm;wm_zpfw,f ? tukef u|efawmfh w&m;csnf;_zpfw,f / u|efawmfa[mwm

'Dw&m;aygh ?

222

owWr ydkh cscsuf

oufowf_y\em

oufowf_y\em[m tifrwef tm@HkcHxufwJh _y\em _zpfw,f / w&m;usifh olawG

tay: u|efawmfwdkh awmif;qdkwmuvJ wif;usyfw,f ? w&m;usifh olrSef&if oufowfvdkh r_zpfzl; ?

Ak'<*dk%f;_zpf_zpf / Þawmufß *dk%f;_zpf_zpf / qef;us,fusifh pOf*dk%f;_zpf_zpf / b,f*dk%f;yJ _zpf_zpf / w&m;rSef

usifh pOfrSef&if 'D_y\emudk tifrwefh udk tjuGif;rJh t_zpf oabmxm;juwmcsnf;yJ / oufowfwmudk

a@Smif&rSmcsnf; _zpfw,f / 'Dtcsufuawmh usdef;aow,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh / oufowfwJh aemuf

_zpfay:vmwJh _y\emu juD;vGef;vdkh _zpfw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh tao;pdwf a_ym_yrS_zpfr,f ?

oufowf_cif;qdkwm / ueOD; Ak'<bmomrSm t"dutm;_zifh vlowfwmudk qdkvdkwm / tjuD;av;qHk;aygh ?

aemufydkif;usawmh / juD;wJhouf&SdawG / wd&ðmefjuD;awGudka&m / eJeJjuD;wJh ouf&SdawGudkyg tifrwef

ta&;xm;vmjuwm_zpfw,f ? usifhjuHavmutaeeJh / oufowf_y\emudk bm_yKvdkh wpfav#mufvHk;

ckavmufta&;xm;vmcJh &ovJ ? t&ifu Ak'<bmomxJrSm ckvdka_ymcJh juw,f / raooifh raoxdkufyJ

towfcH&&if / txD;usef0dnmOfeJh cdkudk;&mrJh o&JawGb0us a&mufukef&a&mwJh ? t&ifu a_ymjuwJh

oydwfoGwf_cif;qdkwm 'Dtouf0dnmOfawGudk &nfpl;wmwJh ? oydwfroGwf&if / 'Dtouf0dnmOfawG

crsmpm;&rJhaomuf&rJh b0usa&muf&^yD;/ tifrwdtifrwefhudk twd'k= a&mufju&rSmwJh ? Ak'<bmom

xJrSm ckvdka_ymvmcJh juwm_zpfw,f ?

u|efawmfwdkh a_ym_yr,f ? vlwpfa,muftaeeJh w_cm;vlwpfa,muftay: raumif;wm

vkyf&if / tJ'Dvl[m olapmfum;wJh vludk yg&rDukodkvfawmfawmfrsm;rsm;udk avsmfaju;t_zpf ay;&rSm

_zpfw,f ? 'gu a,bl,stm;_zifh olrsm;OpPmtydkifpD;wmrsdK;udk a_ymwm ? 'gayr,fvdkh toufwpfacsmif;

udk-wd&ðmef_zpf_zpf / 'd_yifowW0g_zpf_zpf wpfcgwnf; ZD0defcsKyfypfvdkufwJhtcg / uHajuG;0ãfajuG;

awGawmfawmfudk wifvmrSm_zpfw,f ? oufowf_cif;qdkwm t&ifu vlowfwmudk a_ymwm / wifvm

wJh uHajuG;0ãfajuG;u tawmfudkjuD;rSm ? 'd_yifouf@Sdc÷mawG owfwmvJaygh wmr[kwfzl; ? awmfawmf

juD;wJh uHajuG;0ãfajuG;awG csufcsif;vufiif;wifvmrSm ? txl;o_zifh usifhjuHolwdkh tzdkhqdk&if

ydkqdk;wmaygh ? usifhjuHolwdkh ausmfzdkh twGuf / usifhjuHa&;_zpfpOfu tqifhwdkif;rSm ab;'k=uav;awG

pDpOfay;xm;w,f ? 'gawGu tukefoifhudk,fY&Jh uHajuG;0ãfajuG;awGcsnf;_zpfw,f ? oifhudk,fY&Jh

ab;'k=awGcsnf; _zpfw,f / rwlwJh tqifh awGrSm ckvdkpDpOfay;xm;wmuawmh w_cm;ajumifh r[kwfzl;/

223

oifhtaeeJh a@ShwufvSrf;EdkifapzdkhtwGuf _zpfw,f ? oifhtaeeJhom pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; wufvmEdkifr,f

qdk&if / ausmfoGm;EdkifrSm_zpfw,f ? 'gayr,fvdkh / wpfcgwnf;qdkovdk ckavmufjuD;wJh uHajuG;0ãfajuG;

_zpfay:vmwJh tcg / oifb,fh eJh vkyfausmfyghrvJ ? oifhpdwf&nfpdwfaoG;tqifhavmufeJh omqdk&if /

oiftv#if;udk ausmfEdkifrSm r[kwfzl; ? 'Dawmh oifhtaeeJhvHk;vHk;udk usifhvdkh r&wJh t_zpfrsdK;usa&muf

aumif;usa&muf&rSm _zpfw,f ?

tjuifolwpfa,mufarG;wJhtcg / 'Dpjum0Vm [if;vif;_yifu wpfpHkwpfckaom twkdif;

twmtwGif;rSm / tjuifolrsm;pGmwdkh vJ w^ydKifwnf; arG;vmjuwmudk u|efawmfwdkh awGh &w,f ? oleJh

wpfyHkwnf; / emrnfuvJ twlwlyJ / vkyfwmawGuvJ xl;r_cm;em; ? 'gh ajumifh olwdkhudk olhouf&Sd

wpfckvHk;&Jh tpdwftydkif;wpf&yfvdkh qdkEdkifw,f ? 'Dae&mrSm _y\emwpf&yf ay:aewmu / wu,fvdkh

'DtxJu ouf@Sdwpfck ('d_yif wd&ðmefjuD;wdkh&Jh ouf@SdawGvJ twlwlaygh ) @kwfw&uf aooGm;^yD qdkyg

awmh ? 'd_yif[if;vif; _yifawGu Þolß awGuawmh e*dktouf_zpfpOf rqHk;ao;vdkh / a@Sh quf^yD; ESpfaygif;

rsm;pGm @Sifaeju&OD;rSm _zpfw,f ? 'Dawmh aooGm;wJh 'Dvl[m cdkudk;&mrJht_zpfudk usa&muf&_yD; pjum0Vm

[if;vif;_yifxJrSm vGifharsmae&rSm _zpfw,f ? t&ifu a_ymjuwmuawmh txD;usef0dnmOfeJh cdkudk;&mrJh

o&Jrsm;wJh? olwdkhcrsm pm;&rJh / aomuf&rJhb0rSm qif;&J'kuQtaygif;udk cg;cg;oD;oD; rcsdrqHhcHju

&&Smw,fwJh? tJ'Dvdk _zpfvdrfh r,fxifyg&Jh ? olh taeeJh ajumufp&m aumif;vSwJh t_zpfrsdK; qdkufaewmudk

u|efawmfwdkh tyfusrwfus awGhae&wmuawmhtrSefyg? 'd_yif[if;vif;_yiftoD;oD;u Þolß awG

udk,fpDukd,fpD b0c&D; qHk;juwJh txd / olh crsm qif;&Jyifyef;juD;pGm apmifh oGm;&rSm _zpfw,f ? tJ'DawmhrS

rdrdwdkhpwnf;csju&rJhpcef;udk twl&SmEdkifrSm_zpfw,f? apmifh&wJhtcsdefjumav/ olhcrsmqif;&J 'k=a&muf&

avaygh qif;&J'k=a&muf&av/ tJ'Dvdkemjunf;cg;oD;r+awGudk _zpfapwJhtukodkvfawG [mvJ owf_zwf

olwdkhudk,fay:udk tawmrowfa&mufukef&ygava&m? tukodvf0ãfajuG;awG b,fhavmufrsm;wdk;vm

vdkufrvJqdkwm oifpOf;pm;junfhav ? u|efawmfwdkhuawmh pGrf;tifeJhckvdkawGh ju&wm_zpfw,f ?

ckvdk ta_ctaewpf&yfudkvJ u|efawmfwdkh awGhju&w,f ? vlwpfa,mufarG;vmwJhtcg / oD;_cm;

xl;_cm;_zpfwJh [if;vif;_yifwpfckrSm / olhb0wpfoufwm@Sdae^yD; _zpfwmudk awGh&w,f ?

b,fvdkvJqdkawmh / b,ft@G,fa&muf&if bmawGvkyf&r,fqdkwm tukef@Sdae^yD;om;wJh ? b,folu

pDpOfwmvJ ? ydk^yD;awmh tqifh_rifhwJh ouf@Sdu vkyfwm_zpfw,fqdkwm @Sif;aewmaygh ? qdkygpdkh / u|efawmf

wdkh omrefvlwdkh&Jh vlhtzGJhtpnf;rSm / olzGm;_rifvmwJh tcg / tdrfrSmol@Sdw,f / ausmif;rSmol@Sdw,f /

juD;vmawmhõmerSm ol@Sdw,f ? olhtvkyfuwqifh vlhtzGJhtpnf;u tzufzufeJh tquftoG,f &ju

224

w,f ? wenf;qdkawmh / vlhtzGJh tpnf;wpfckvHk;udk ckvdktuGufususkpDrHcefhcGJ^yD; _zpfaewmaygh ? 'gayr,f

vdkh ouf@SdwpfcktaeeJh e*dkpDpOfxm;wJhtwdkif; r[kwfyJ @kwfw&ufaoqHk;oGm;&w,f qdkygawmh ?

ckvdkta_ctae @kwfw&ufa_ymif;_cif; / tpDtpOfysuf_cif;eJh ywfoufvdkh / 'D̂ *dKvfaumifudk tqifh_rifh

ouf@Sdu csrf;omay;rSm r[kwfzl; ? wqdwfpOf;pm; junhfyg / u|efawmfwdkh taeeJhu w&m;orm;yDyD

tqifh_rifha&mufatmif usifhaejuwm r[kwfvm; ? tqifh _rifhouf@Sdu owf_zwf oludk csrf;omcGifh

ay;rSm r[kwfavawmh / 'Dvl[m usifhEdkifOD;rSmwJhvm; ? wcsdKh vlawG&Jh q&mocifawG[m 'DudpPudk

pDrHcefhcGJwJh tqifh_rifh ouf@Sdudkawmifr,SOfEdkifzl; ? 'ghajumifh olhq&mocifvJwpfygwnf; ab;oifh&rSm /

atmuftqifhudk csypfcH&rSm_zpfw,f ? oifpOf;pm;junfhav / 'g@dk;@dk;_y\emvm;vdkh ? 'ghajumifh

ckvdk[mrsdK; vkyfrd&if usifh juHzdkh qdkwm odyfcufrSm ?

"rRpjumw&m;awmfusifhwJh oifom;awGxJrSm/ ppf_zpfwkef;u ppfwdkufzl;olawGyg

aumif;ygvdrfhr,f? tJ'Dppfqdkwm euQwf_cif;&mwpfckvHk; a_ymif;vJr+juD;uae aqmifjuOf;ay;vmwJh

ta_ctaewpf&yf_zpfw,f? oif[m tJ'Dta_ctaexJu tpdwftydkif;wpfckom _zpfw,f? euQwf_cif;

a_ymif;vJr+juD;atmufrSm vlawG0ifrpGrf;aqmifju&if / omrefvlwdkh&Jhvlh tzGJhtpnf;udk ta_ctaewpfrsdK;

aqmifjuOf;ay;EdkifrSm r[kwfzl;? euQwf_cif;&ma_ymif;vJr+vdkh qkdEdkifrSmvJ r[kwfzl; ? tJ'DudpPawG[m

a_ymif;vJr+juD;eJh twl vdkufa_ymif;aewmrdkh / oifhudkcsnf; vHk;vHk;tqdk;qdkvdkh r_zpfzl; ? u|efawmfwdkh 'DrSm

a_ymaewmu/ rdrdwdkhtaeeJhwpfckck &,lzdkhtwGuf_zpfap/ udk,fusdK;twGuf_zpfap/ udk,fhudkdxdcdkufvm

rSmpdk;vdkh twGuf_zpfap / 'kp@dkufwrifusL;vGef&muae ay:vm&wJh uHajuG;0ãfajuG;awGudk qdkvdkwm

_zpfw,f ? tmum_yifjuD;wpfckvHk; a_ymif;vJr+wdkh / vlh tzGJhtpnf;ta_ctae a_ymif;vJr+juD;wdkheJh

ywfoufwmrsdK; awGuawmh oifwdkh eJhrqdkifzl;aygh?

toufowf_cif;[m juD;rm;wJh tukodkvfawG _zpfay:vmaprSm _zpfw,f ? wcsdKh u

awG;aumif;awG;awmh r,f / Þtoufowfvdkhr_zpfbl;qdkawmh igu tdrfrSmxrif;csuf&wm ? igrowf&if

tdrfuvlawG bmpm;rvJ ß vdkh? tao;pdwf twdtus _y\emu u|efawmfhta&;r[kwfzl;/ u|efawmf

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omrefvlawGqdkwm olwdkh vkyfcsifwmudk vkyfaejuwm / 'gu omrefvlwdkh &Jh udpP_zpfw,f ?

225

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0ifh0ifh yyusifh oGm;rS awmfr,f ?

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226

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227

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_zpfap/ v_ynfhaeh_zpfap toufowf&if / toufowf&mrusvdkh qdk&if bmus&rSmwJh vJ ? a_rjuD;wl;&m

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udk junfh_cif;tm;_zifh aumif;aumif;odEdkifjuw,f ? ckvdka_ymjuwJh tcdk;usifhpOfq&mawG[m tyrSDawG

csnf;_zpfwwfjuw,f ? a_racG;rSDaewJh tcdk;usifh pOfq&mawG juufom;pm;yHkudk owdxm; junfh

juprf;yg/ o&Jr&Judk pD;aeovdk tirf;r& pm;aewwfjuwm / t@dk;awmif axG;rxkwfcsifoavmufudk

_zpfaejuwm ?

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vlwum 'k=a0aejuwmudk awGhaumif;awGh vmju&rSm _zpfw,f ? ckvdk t_zpfrsdK; ay:vmrSm _zpfw,f ?

tom;pm; _y\em

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228

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tukefodjuw,f ? oifom;wcsdKh qdk&ifvJ tmomqê awmfawmf_yif;wm / tom;odyfjudKufwm /

t^rJudk tifrwef pm;Edkifjuwm ? olrsm;awGu tom;!DSvmwJh tcg / olu r!DSao;zl; / pm;Edkifwkef; ?

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ckvdk ta_ctaersdK; ay:vmvdrfh r,f ? 'guawmh pm;vdkh r_zpfawmh zl;qdkwJh oabmaygh ? u|efawmfwdkh

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r&wmrsdK;_zpfw,f ? &nf@G,fcsufu bmvJqdkawmh / ausmif;wdkufawGrSm usifhju&mrSm rpm;zdkh twif;

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&rufawG yaysmufapzdkh csnf; _zpfw,f ?

wcsdKh qdk&if xrif;yef;uef udkifvdkufvdkh tom;ryg&if rsdKvdkh udk rusawmh zl; ? 'guawmh

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toufwdk&apOD;awmh / u|efawmfuawmhpm;rSmyJßwJh ? tmom b,fhavmufoefvdkufovJqdkwm junfh

juygawmh ? ckvdktmomrsdK; pGefh oifh rpGefh oifhqdkwm trsm;wumwdkh yJ pOf;pm;junfh juawmhav?

229

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up^yD; wpfoufvHk; tom;pm;awmh rSm r[kwfqdkwJh oabmrsdK;vJ r[kwfzl; ? rpm;apwmudk,fYudku

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twGif;rSm/ 'DtpGJu u|wfEdkifr,fqdk&if/ aemif_yefpm;Edkifaumif; pm;EdkifvmrSm_zpfw,f? !SDrSmr[kwfawmh

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awmh rSmr[kwfzl; ? tdrfrSmcsuf&if trsm;enf;wlpm; / rcsufvJ w,aerSm r[kwfawmhzl;? pm;vJcHwGif;awGh

awmh rSm r[kwfzl; / ckvdk ta_ctaersdK; ay:vmvdrfh r,f ? 'gayrJh omrefvlawGjum;rSm usifh &wm

tifrwef@+yfaxG;wm ? tdrfrSmcsufygrsm; / pm;ygrsm;vmwJh tcg / cHwGif;_yefawGh vm_yefa&m ? aemufudkvJ

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tpGJu|wfzdkh urS y"me_zpfwm ?

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jurSm _zpfw,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh / tom;qdkwm vlwdkh &Jh tpm;tpmawGxJu t"dutpdwftydkif;

wpf&yf_zpfaerSudk; ? 'gayr,fhvdkh ausmif;wdkufawGrSm tcsdef_ynfhusifhaexdkifolawGusawmh

pm;vdkhr_zpfbl;aygh/

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230

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231

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232

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233

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234

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235

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236

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vlaumif;vkyf&wmawmif rvG,fzl; ?

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237

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238

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zuf,uf ju / cGufapmif;ckwfjurSmcsnf; _zpfw,f ?

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roifh r_rwf _zpfjuwJh usifh pOfawG[m rsm;aomtm;_zifh tyrSDA@kwfusifhpOfawG_zpfw,f ? ,if;wdkh[m

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bmpGrf;tifrS r@Sdao;zl; / aemufwpfa,mufuawmhusifh wmrjumao;ayrJh pGrf;tifay:vmwm

awGh&wJhtcg / olhpdwfxJrSm uoduatmuf _zpfvm^yDom rSwfayawmh ? Þigusifh wm tESpfESpfq,fausmf

^yD ? bmpGrf;tifrS ray:ao;zl; ? oluawmhay:^yD ? bmpGrf;tifrsdK;vJ ß wJh ? Þolh [mutyrSDwm ? rD;u

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usifhpOfq&mwpfa,muf oifwef;ay;aewJh tcgrsdK;rSm / wcsdKhu em;axmifae&if; pdwfxJu yrmrcefh

239

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240

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ru|wfao;or# umvywfvHk; / usifh xm;juwJhpdwfrSefor#wdkh [m tifrwefcsdeJh aerSm _zpfw,f ? Þvlwdkh

taeeJh usifh ju&mrSm remvdkpdwf ru|wfor# umvywfvHk; / r*fzdkvfr&ap& ? vHk;vHk;udk r&ap& ß vdkh

pnf;urf;csuf wpf&yf csrSwfxm;w,f ? 0ãfajuG;uHajuG;awG tukefrausao;cif tumwpfae&mqDudk

t&ifoGm;ESifhjupdkh vdkh @Sifawmftrdwmb a_ymwmudk t&ifu jum;zl;aumif; jum;zl;juvdrfh r,f ?

'gaywJh remvdkpdwf ru|wf&ifawmh r_zpfzl;? 0ãfajuG;uHajuG;awG tukefrausao;cif tmumwpfae&m

qDudkt&ifoGm;ESifhjupdkh qdkwmeJh ywfoufvdkh / 'd_yifzufu enf;enf;uav;avmufom usefawmh

w,fqdk&if / _zpfaumif;_zpfEdkifvdrfhr,f ? 'gayr,fvdkh / remvdkpdwfrpGefh&ifawmh tv#if;udk

241

r_zpfEdkifzl;rSwfyg ? usifholwdkh udk uaeh u|efawmfa_ymxm;r,f oifwdkh taeeJh w,loeftod

acgifraejuygaveJh ? oifwdkh &nfrSef;&m yef;wdkifu ydk_rifh wJh tqifh udk wufvSrf;oGm;zdkh _zpfavawmh /

remvdkpdwfudk pGefh udkypfrS _zpfr,f ? 'gh ajumifh 'D_y\emudk oD;oefh wpfcef;wpfuÐt_zpf

u|efawmfxkwfa_ymwm _zpfw,f ?

a&m*guk_y\em

a&m*guka&;eJh ywfoufvdkh a_ym&mrSm / u|efawmfu oifwdkh udk a&m*gb,fvdkukqdk̂ yD;

oifay;oGm;rSm r[kwfzl; ? "rRpjumw&m;awmfu wu,fusifh wJh om;wynfh wdkh taeeJh b,fvlrS

a&m*grukjuyg aveJh ? a&m*gukwmeJh w^ydKifeuf / oifwdkh udk,fay:u @Sd@Sdor#

"rRpjumw&m;awmfu[mawGudk u|efawmfh "rRum,u tukef_yefodrf;vdkufrSm _zpfw,f ? bm_yKvdkh

'D_y\emudk ckavmuf_yif;_yif;xefxefta&;xm;ae& ovJ ? 'guawmh w_cm;ajumifh

r[kwfzl; ? ,if;[m w&m;awmfudk zsufqD;wJh t_cif;t&mwpf&yf _zpfvdkh yJ ? udk,fh usef;rma&;

xdcdkufwmudk xm;OD; ? wcsdKh qdk&if a&m*gukrd^yDqdkwmeJh wpf^ydKifeuf vuf,m;vm ygava&m ? awGh

&mvl zrf;qGJ^yD; a&m*gukay;vmygava&m ? juGm;_yvmygava&m ? 'gtpGJr[kwfvm; ? usifh juHa&;udk

_yif;_yif;xefxef xdcdkufvmaprSm _zpfw,f ?

tcdk;usifh pOfoif,l^yD; a&m*gukzdkh omrefvlawG qê@Sdaejuwmudk tcdk;usifh pOfq&m

ta&^cHKawGu aumif;aumif;tcGifh aumif;,ljuw,f / olwdkh u oifay;juvdrfh r,f ? tcdk;xkwfv$wf

^yD; a&m*gukEdkifw,fvdkh qdkjuw,f ? &,fp&m raumif;vm; ? oifh rSm tcdk;awG @Sdaeovdk / olh rSmvJ tcdk;

awG @SdaewmyJ ? oifutcdk;xkwfv$wf&HkeJholrsm;udk a&m*gukay;Edkifa&mwJhvm;/ olrsm;tcdk;awGuawmif

oifh udk _yef^yD;awmh ukay;csifay;vdkufrSm ? tcdk;qdkwm wpfckeJh wpfckjum;rSm txdef;tcsKyf oabm@Sdwm

rS r[kwfyJ[m ? tjuifoltaeeJh tqifh _rifh rSm usifh &if; pGrf;tifay:vmwJh tcg / xkwfv$wfvdkufwm

awGu pGrf;tif_rifh t&m0wÔKawG _zpfwmrdkh / a&m*gukEdkif-xdef;Edkif-csKyfEkdifrSmuawmh trSefyJ ? 'gayrJh

t_rpf_ywfrSmawmh r[kwfzl; ? 'gh ajumifh a&m*gwu,fuk&if pGrf;tif@SdygrSom t^yD;t_ywfaysmufatmif

ukay;EdkifrSm _zpfw,f ? a&m*gwdkif; a&m*gwdkif;qdkovdk xdyfwdkufpGrf;tifawG @Sdaewmrdkh / a&m*gukwJh

pGrf;tifawGwif axmifeJhcsDaewm ? qdkvdkwmu a&m*gawGtrsdK;aygif;b,fh avmuf@Sdaeae-xdyfwdkuf

242

pGrf;tifawGuvJ trsdK;aygif;b,favmufudk@SdaerSmcsnf;qdkwJh oabmaygh ? ckvdkpGrf;tifr@Sd&if b,f

avmufjuD;rsufpdaemufavmufatmifoifhvufudk upm;_yaeae / tvum;csnf;vdkhomrSwfayawmh ?

'DESpfrsm;twGif; vlwcsdKhvufcsufajumifh usifhjuHa&;avmu[m uaomif;ueif; _zpfae

&w,f ? a&m*guif;a&;-usef;rma&; wu,fvkyfay;juwJh tcdk;usifhpOfq&mawGqdkwm/ vrf;pcif;ay;

oGm;juwJh tcdk;usifhpOfq&mawGaygh / b,fwpfa,mufursm;a&m*gukyHkukenf; oifay;oGm;vdkh vJ ?

olwdkhu oifhudk a&m*gukay;wmrsdK;_zpfap / oifwdkhudk usifhjuHtm;xkwfwwfatmif-udk,fvufjuHhcdkif

atmif b,fodkhb,fyHktm;xkwfju/ b,fokdhb,fyHk avhusifhcef;vkyfjuvdkh oifay;oGm;juwmrsdK;_zpfap

vkyfoGm;juwmcsnf;r[kwfvm; / aemufydkif;usrS tcdk;usifhpOfq&m ta&^cHKawGvufcsufajumifh

uaomif;ueif;_zpfukef&wm ? b,folb,f0g_zpf_zpf tcdk;usifhpOfeJh a&m*gukzdkh juH&if tyrSDawGudk

zdwfac:&mus^yDomrSwfayawmh ? tJ[dkwkef;u tcdk;usifhpOfq&mwcsdKh taeeJh ywf0ef;usifta_ctaet&

a&m*gukay;wmrsdK;@SdcJhzl;w,f ? tJ'gu tJ[dkwkef;u euQwf_cif;&meJh[yfrdatmif aqmif@Gufwm _zpf

w,f ? 'gayrJh tcdk;usifhpOfqdkwmrsdK;[m omrefvlawGjum;u twwfr[kwfvdkh t^rJtpOf tJ'Dvdk

vkyfoGm;vdkh r_zpfzl; ? ,if;[m tJ[dkwkef;u euQwf_cif;&m a_ymif;vJr+t& _zpfay:vm&wm _zpfw,f ?

tJ'Dtcgumvu &vm'fwpfckvdkhvJ qdkEdkifwmaygh ? aemufydkif;usawmh a&m*gukwmawGudk oufouf

oifay;vmjuygava&m / t&rf;av#mufvkyfvmjuygava&m ? omrefvlwpfa,muftaeeJh oHk;av;

ig;&ufavmufusifh@HkeJh a&m*gukEdkifa&mwJhvm; ? wcsdKhu b,fvdka_ymjuovJqdkawmh / usKyf'Da&m*g

ukEdkifw,f / [dka&m*gukEdkifw,fwJh ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f ? 'DvdkvlrsdK;awG[m tyrSDawGcsnf; _zpfw,f ?

oifh ausmukef; bmwG,faerSef; od&Jh vm; ? oifh udk tyrSDae^yD ? oifhtaeeJhuawmh cHpm;r+r@Sdzl; / rodzl;?

oifuawmh odyf[efae^yDvdkh xifaerSmaygh ? udk,fh udkudk,f tpGrf;tp @Sdae^yDvdkh xifaerSmaygh ?

wu,fh tcdk;usifhpOfq&mawGtaeeJh ESpfaygif;b,favmufjumatmif qif;&Jyifyef;

juD;pGmusifhcJhygrS ckvdkyef;wdkifudk a&mufvmju&wm ? olrsm;udk oifa&m*gukay;wJh tcg / tJ'D0ãfajuG;

uHajuG;awGudk y,fypfEdkifavmufatmif oifh rSm juD;rm;wJh pGrf;tif@Sdaevdkh vm; ? oifvufxyfoifay;

cH&zl;vdkh vm; ? oifESpf&ufoHk;&ufavmufusifh vdkuf@HkeJh a&m*gukEdkifa&mwJh vm; ? omrefvlwpfa,muf

_zpfwJh oifhvufeJh a&m*gukEdkifa&mwJh vm; ? 'gayr,fvdkh 'Dtcdk;usifh pOfq&mta&^cHKawGu oifh aysmh

uGufudk udkifxm;w,f / vlawG&Jh tpGJudk udkifxm;w,f ? a&m*gukEdkifatmifoifvdkufaew,fr[kwfvm;?

aumif;^yD ? olwdkh u a&m*guk oifwef;zGifh ^yD; / ukyHkukenf;awGudk txl;wvnf oifay;juygava&m ?

Þtcdk;tyf ß qdkwmwdkh / Þtvif;a&mifukoenf; ß qdkwmwdkh / Þxkwf_cif; ß qdkwmwdkh / Þ_znfh _cif; ß

243

qdkwmwdkh / ÞaoG;avayguf axmufenf; ß qdkwmwdkh / Þzrf;enf; ß qdkwmwdkh pHkvdkh aygh ? &nf@G,fcsufu

awmh oifh qDu aiGcsdKifzdkh aygh ?

Þzrf;enf; ß qdkwmudk u|efawmfwdkh aqG;aEG;jupdkh ? ckvdkta_ctaewpf&yfudk u|efawmfwdkh

awGh ju&w,f ? vlawG bm_yKvdkha&m*g&juovJ ? a&m*g&_cif; / uHraumif; tajumif;rvS_cif; _zpf&wJh

t&if;cHtajumif;&if;[m uHajuG;0ãfajuG;awG _zpfw,f ? trJxnfuHajuG;0ãfajuG;cGif_zpfw,f ?

,if;[m tarSmifoabmaqmifae^yDD; / raumif;wJh[m _zpfw,f ? raumif;wJh ouf@SdcEQmawGqdkwm

uvJ tarSmifoabmaqmifaewmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? trnf;awGcsnf;_zpfw,f ? 'ghajumifh ,if;wdkhwuf

vmEdkifwm _zpfw,f ? 'Dywf0ef;usifu ,if;wdkhtzdkh tqifa_ywmudk; ? ,if;[m vlawGudk a&m*g&apwJh

t&if;cHtajumif;_zpfw,f ? 'g[m y"metusqHk;a&m*gZmpf_rpf_zpfw,f ? rSefw,fav / oÐmefESpfrsdK;vJ

@Sdao;wmaygh ? wrsdK;u 0ãfajuG;tpdkiftcJeJhwlwJh / odyfonf;q tifrwefjuD;wJh tvGefhtvGef ao;i,f

wJh ouf@SdcE<mawG _zpf^yD; ? wrsdK;uawmh ydkufvdkif;uae ydkh aqmifay;wJh [mrsdK;vdk _zpfw,f ? 'grsdK;u

awGhcJw,f ? bdk;pOfabmifquf wpfquf^yD;wpfquf pkyHk-pkyHk vmwmawGaygh ? ckvdk[mrsdK;vJ@Sdwmaygh ?

awGhaeus_rifaeus t_zpfqHk;a&m*gawGudk a_ymjupdkh ? vlh udk,fay:rSm tusdwfayguf^yD ?

&if;^yDa,mif^yD / t@dk;usD;aygif;wuf^yD ponf_zifh_zpfvmwJhtcg / w_cm;[if;vif;_yifu tJ'Dae&mrSm

ouf@SdcEQmwpfckvSJaewm _zpfw,f ? tifrwefeufwJh [if;vif;_yifwpfckxJrSm ouf@Sdwpfck @Sdaewm _zpf

w,f ? omreftcdk;usifh pOfq&mwdkh taeeJh rawGhjuzl; ? omrefpGrf;tifxl;wdkh taeeJh vJ rawGh juzl; ? vlh

udk,fay:u tcdk;rJawGudkom awGh&Edkifw,f ? b,fae&mrSm tcdk;rJawG@Sd^yDqdk&if / b,fae&mrSm a&m*g

_zpfae^yDvdkh qdkwmrSefw,f ? 'gayrJh tcdk;rJawG[m a&m*g_zpfapwJh t&if;cHtajumif; r[kwfzl; ? ydkeufwJh

[if;vif;_yifxJrSm ouf@SdcEQmwpfck @Sdaevdkh _zpfw,f ? 'DcGifudk oluzefwD;xm;wm _zpfw,f ? 'gh ajumifh

wcsdKhu xkwfypfju / y,fypfjuvdkh qdkw,f ? oifxkwfypfygav ? watmifh avmufqdk _yefay:vma&m ?

wcsdKhuqdk tifrweftm;aumif;wm ? xkwfypfvdkuf@Hk@Sdao;w,f ? _yef^yD;qGJoGif;vdkufa&m ? udk,fh

[mudk,f_yefodrf;Edkifw,f ? ta_cmufwdkufuk@HkavmufeJh b,faysmufEdkifygh rvJ ?

pGrf;tifxl;wdkh taeeJha_ym&&if / b,fae&mrSm tcdk;rJawG @Sdae^yDqdk&if b,fae&mrSm

a&m*g_zpfae^yDvdkh qdkjuw,f ? w@kwfwdkif;&if;aq;ynmtaeeJh uawmh / tJ'Dae&mrSm aoG;ajumav

ajumqdkhae_cif; / aoG;avrrSef_cif; / aoG;ajumavajumydwfqdkhae_cif;vdkh qdkjurSmaygh ? aemufwkdif;

aq;ynmtaeeJhuawmh / ,Of;em / tzktusdwf / t@dk;usD;aygif;wufwm / a&mifwm&rf;wmvdkh qdkjurSm

aygh ? 'D[if;vif;_yifusawmh ckvdkoÐmefrsdK; _zpfvmwmaygh ? tJ[dkouf@SdcEQmudk ,lypfvdkufwJh tcg/

244

'D[if;vif;_yifu cE<mrSmbmrSr@Sdawmhwmudk oifawGh&rSm_zpfw,f? cg;@dk;qpfu|H_cif;qdkwmwdkh / t@dk;

usD;aygif;wuf_cif;qdkwmwdkh[m / tJ[dk[mudkom ,lypfvdkuf / tJ[dkcGifudkom @Sif;ypfvdkuf / csufcsif;

vufiif;aysmufwmudk oifawGh &vdrfh r,f ? tdwfpfa&mif_cnf "mwfrSef@dkufjunfh vdkufwJh tcg /bmt@dk;

usD;aygif; wufwmudkrS awGh &awmh rSm r[kwfzl; ? t&if;cHtajumif;uawmh tJ[dk[m@Sd^*dKvfar$aewm

aygh ?

wcsdKhu b,fvdka_ymovJqdkawmh / oHk;av;ig;&uftwGif; a&m*gukEdkifvmr,f /

Þzrf;enf;ß oifay;r,fwJh ? zrf;prf; ? u|efawmfjunfh prf;r,f ? vlqdkwm tm;EGJhqHk;_zpfoavmuf

[dkouf@SdcEQmuawmh tifrwefjurf;wm&rf;wm ? ,if;u oifhOD;aESmufudk csKyfudkifEdkifwmrdkh / oifhudk

judKufovdk judK;qGJvdkh &w,f ? oifh udk toufazsmufypfzdkh qdkwmvJ olh tzdkh vG,fvG,fuav;&,f ?

oifu olh udk zrf;r,fwJh ? b,fvdkzrf;rvJ ? oifh 'Domrefvlwdkh &Jh vufqdkwm olh qDra&mufEdkifzl; ?

oifutJ'DrSm vufudk [dk&rf;-'D&rf;avSsmuf&rf; / ,if;u ta&;vkyfrSm r[kwfzl; ? t&rf;av#mufvkyf

aew,f / &,fp&maumif;vdkufwmqdk^yD; / oifhudk judwf&,faerSm _zpfw,f ? oifhtaeeJh olhudk wu,f

xdEdkifr,fqdk&if / oifhvufcsufcsif; '%f&m&^yDom rSwfayawmh ? wu,fhudk '%f&m&rSm ? vlwcsdKhudk

u|efawmfawGhzl;w,f ? vufESpfzufpvHk; taumif;juD; / b,fvdkprf;junfhjunfh / udk,frSma&m*gr@Sdzl; /

vufESpfzufpvHk;vJ a&m*gr@Sdzl; ? 'gayrJh vufudk rvdkhr&zl; / wGJavmif;juD;_zpfae&w,f ? ckvdka&m*g

onfrsdK;u|efawmf awGhzl;w,f ? 'd_yif[if;vif;_yifu olhcE<m'%f&m &aerSudk; ? wu,fhudk 'k=dw_zpf

ae&rSudk; ? oifh tJ[dkcE<m'%f&m&aerSawmhum / 'k=dw r_zpfyJaeyghrvm; ? wcsdKhu u|efawmfh

udkar;w,f ? Þq&m ? u|efawmf-u|efrwdkh usifhvdkh_zpfrvm; ? om;orD; r&atmif cGJpdwfr+vkyf^yD;ae^yD ?

t*Fgwpfckckxkwfypf^yD;ae^yDß wJh ? 'gudpPr@SdwJh tajumif; ? 'd_yif[if;vif;_yifu oifcE<mtaumif;yuwd

twdkif; @Sdaewm_zpfajumif; ? usifh juH&mrSm tJ'DcE<murS ta&;ygt&ma&mufwm_zpfajumif; u|efawmfu

@Sif;_y&w,f ? 'ghajumifh ckeu u|efawmfa_ymcJh^yD ? olhudk oifuzrf;r,f r[kwfvm; ? olh udkrxd&if olu

ta&;vkyfrSm r[kwfzl; ? xd&ifawmh oifh vuf'%f&m &aumif;&rSm ?

EdkifiHawmfu twdkif;twm juD;juD;us,fus,f _yKvkyfwJh tcdk;usifh pOf v+yf@Sm;r+udk

axmufcHwJh taeeJh / yDuif;rSm usif;ywJh ta@Sh wkdif;usef;rma&;_yyGJudk u|efawmfu om;wynfh wcsdKh udk

OD;aqmif^yD; wufcJhw,f ? _yyGJESpfyGJpvHk;rSmyJ u|efawmfwdkhu txifay:qHk;_zpfcJh&w,f ? yxrtjudrf _yyGJ

rSm / wm&musifhpOft_zpf*k%f_yKcH&w,f ? 'kwd,tjudrf_yyGJusawmh / vlawGrsm;vdkufwm ra_ymeJh awmh ?

'd_yif_ycef;awGrSm vlb,fhavmufrS r@Sdzl; ? u|efawmfwdkh _ycef;usawmh judwfjudwfwdk; aewmyJ ?

245

wef;oHk;wef;pDvdkh ? yxrtwef;u eHeufydkif;wdkuifawGudk tapmjuD;uwnf;u ,l̂ yD;ukef ju^yD ?

'kwd,twef;u naeydkif;wdkuiftwGuf wef;pDapmifhaejuwm ? aemuftwef;uawmh / u|efawmf

vufrSwfxdk;zdkhudk apmifhaejuwm ? u|efawmfwdkhu a&m*gukay;wm r[kwfyJeJh bm_yKvdkh ckvdk vkyf&wm

vJ ? 'guawmhEdkifiHawmfu juD;juD;us,fus,fvkyfwJh tcdk;usifhpOfv+yf@Sm;r+udk axmufcHwJh taeeJh

u|efawmfwdkhu ckvdkvkyfwm ? 'Dvkyfief;udk tusdK;_yKzdkh twGuf u|efawmfwdkh u _yyGJrSm yg0ifqifE$Jjuwm

_zpfw,f ?

u|efawmfu u|efawmfhod'<dawGudk u|efawmfeJh twlygvmwJh wynfh awGudk

a0ay;xm;w,f? &meJhcsDwJh pGrf;tifawGeJh aygif;pnf;xm;wJh pGrf;tiftpdkiftcJawGudk wpfa,mufpDa0

ay;xm;w,f ? olwdkh vufawGudkvJcsdyfydwfay;xm;w,f ? 'gawmifrS tudkufcH&vdkh t&nfjunfzkx

vdkx& / aoG;xGufvdk xGuf&eJh c%c% _zpfwwfw,f ? tJ'Douf@SdcE<mu ckavmufudk jurf;wm / &rf;

wm ? oifpOf;pm;junfh av ? oifhomrefvl&JhvufeJh olhudk oGm;xd0Hhovm; ? ^yD;awmh oifvJolhudk zrf;vdkh

&rSmr[kwfzl; ? [dkvdkpGrf; tifrsdK;r@Sd&if tvum;yJ ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh / 'd_yif[if;vif;_yifrSm /

oifwpfckckvkyfzdkhjuH@HkeJh ,if;u odESifhae^yD ? oifzrf;zdkhjuH&if ,if;ua_y;^yDom rSwfayawmh ? a&m*gonf

xGufoGm;wmeJh w^ydKifeuf / ,if;uvJ _yefa&mufvmygava&m / a&m*gvJ _yefxvmygava&m ? olhukd

udkifwG,fawmhr,fqdk&if / pGrf;tifwpfrsdK;udk t&ifoHk;&w,f ? vufwpfzufqefhvdkuf^yD; ,if;udk

oHr+dt&ifESufxm;vdkuf&w,f ? oHrd+ESuf^yD;wJhtcg / pGrf;tifwpfrsdK;@Sdao;w,f ? t&ifuawmh 0dnmOfzrf;

twwfawmfvdkhac:w,f ? tJ'DpGrf;tifrsdK;[m b,favmufwefcdk;juD;ovJqdk&if / vlwpfa,mufudk

wr[kwfcsif; rv+yfEdkifr,SufEdkif _zpfoGm;atmif / olhrlvewfudkwpfudk,fvHk;qGJxkwfvdkh &w,f ?

OD;wnfcsuf_ywfom;vSwJh ckvdkpGrf;tifrsdK;udk u|efawmfwdkhu ckvdkae&mrsdK;rSm oHk;wm ? trsm;odwJh twdkif;

/ wxm*wbk&m;@Sif vufxJu yk*HvHk;qdkygawmh / (qGef0lckef) bufudk vSnhfcsdefvdkufwmeJh w^ydKifeuf /

e*dku vlaumifjuD; enf;wmr[kwfwJh arsmufrif;qGefcrsm w'*FtwGif; ydpd!Sufuav;

_zpfoGm;&ygava&m ? 'DpGrf;tifu ckavmufwefcdk;juD;wm ? ouf@SdcE<mawG b,fh avmufjuD;juD;-

ao;ao; / wpfcgwnf;om zrf;vdkuf / vufxJrSm ao;ao;uav;awG _zpfukef&ygava&m ?

^yD;awmh omrefvlwdkh&Jh vlhtzGJhtpnf;xJrSm vlemhrHocE<mxJudk vufxdk;oGif;_yD; wpfckckqGJ

xkwf,lzdkhqdkwmeJhywfoufvdkh / tJ'Dvdk vkyfvdkh b,f_zpfrvJ ? vkyfvdkh &wJh wdkifatmifvJ tv#if;udk

vkyfcGifh r_yKzl;?vlawG tawG;tq uaomif;ueif;_zpfukefrSmaygh? cE<mudk,fxJ 0ifoGm;wmu

'd_yif[if;vif;_yifu vuf_zpfw,f ? ESvHk;rSm a&m*g_zpfaew,fqdkygawmh ? 'DvufeJh ESvHk;qDudk

246

vSrf;^yD;awmh E+dufvdkufwJhtcg / 'd_yif[if;vif;_yifu vufu0ifoGm;a&m / v#yfwysuftwGif; zrf;rdwmeJh

w^ydKifeuf / t_yifu vufuyg-vufESpfzuf^ydKifwlqkyfxm;vdkufa&m ? ,if;u b,favmufqdk;

ovJqdk&if / vufxJrSm [dkv+yf'Dv+yf-v+yfvdkv+yf ? [dkwdk;'Dwdk;wdk;vdkwdk; udkufvdkudkuf ? atmfvdkatmfeJh

o&rf;aevdkufwm ra_ymeJhawmh ? vufxJqkyfxm;wm ao;ao;uav; _zpfaeayrJh ? vufom _zefh

vdkufprf; / wpfcgwnf;udk tjuD;juD; _zpfoGm;rSm ? 'grsdK;u b,fvlrqdkxdvdkhwdkhvdkh &wmrsdK;rS r[kwfwm ?

tJ[dkvdkpGrf;tifrsdK;r@Sd&if tv#if;udk xdvdkhwdkhvdkh&rSm r[kwfzl; ? u|efawmfwdkh xifrdoavmuf vG,fwmrsdK;

tv#if;udk r[kwfzl; ?

rSefw,f / ckvdktcdk;usifh pOfeJh a&m*gukwmrsdK; aemifvJ&Sdaumif;&SdaerSm _zpfw,f / t&ifu

vJ wav#mufvHk;@SdcJhwmyJ ? 'gayr,fvdkh owfrSwfcsuf @Sdae&rSm _zpfw,f? b,fvdkvJqdkawmh / 'Dvlh

taeeJh usifhjuHol_zpf&r,f ? usifhjuHae&if; arwWm*@k%mw&m;eJhtnD / vlaumif;wcsdKhudk ckvdkaqmif

@Gufay;vdkh _zpfw,f ? 'gayrJh / olhbkef;wefcdk;r_ynhfvdkh/ 0ãfajuG;uH ajuG;awGudk t^yD;tydkif y,fypfEdkifpGrf;

r@Sdzl; / 'ghajumifh twd'k=awGuawmh @Sd̂ rJ@SdaeOD;rSm ? odom_rifomwJh a&m*gawGuawmh aysmufukef̂ yD

aygh ? omreftcdk;usifh pOfq&muav;awGqdk&ifvJ / usifhjuH&if;w&m;&if0,fydkufrdolr[kwfavawmh /

a&m*gawGudk aemufa@$hypfwmrsdK;_zpfap / tvSnfhta_ymif;vkyfypfwmrsdK;_zpfap / 'd_yifab; 'k=oÐmef

t_zpf a_ymif;ypfwmrsdK;_zpfap / tJ'Davmufom wwfEdkifrSm_zpfw,f ? tJ'Dvdk tvSnfhta_ymif; _zpfwmrsdK;

awGudk olwdkh [molwdkh uawmh odcsifrSodrS ? wu,fvdkh omrntodpdwfudkusifhwJh usifhpOfrsdK;_zpf&if /

omrntodpdwfu vkyfwm_zpfrSm ? wcsdKhusifhpOfu usifholwdkh[m tifrwefemrnfjuD;yHk&w,f ?

tausmftarmftcdk; usifhpOfq&mjuD;rsm;pGmwdkhcrsmpGrf;tifr@Sdjuzl; ? pGrf;tifawGu omrnrl vewfudk,f

ay:rSmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? wenf;tm;_zifh a_ym&&if / usifhjuHc&D;pOfwpfav#mufrSm ckvdkvkyfcGifh _yKw,fqdkwJh

oabmaygh ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh / wcsdKhqdk&iftqifh wpfckrSm usifhvmvdkufjuwm q,fESpfausmf_zpfap/

q,fpkESpftrsm;_zpfap@Sdae^yD_zpfwJhwdkifatmif / tJ'Dtqifhudk rausmfEdkifjuao;zl; ? 'Dawmhwpfav#mufvHk;

yJ olwdkhu a&m*gukay;vmcJhjuw,f ? olwdkh taeeJhu tJ'DtqifhrSmcsnf; rwufEdkif _zpfaejuavawmh /

olwdkh tJ'Dvdkvkyfwmudk junfhaevdkufjuawmhwmaygh ? "rRpjumw&m;awmf usifhwJhom;wynfh wdkht

aeeJhuawmh / tv#if;udk a&m*gukvdkhr_zpfzl; ? a0'em@SiftaeeJh vufcHEdkifr,fqdk&if / 'Dpmtkyfudk zwf_yvdkh

&w,f / a&m*goufomaysmufuif;EdkifrSm _zpfw,f ? 'gayrJh 0ãfajuG;uHajuG;csif;rwlwJh tav#muf

tusdK;aus;Zl;ay:wmcsif;uvJ wlrSmr[kwfbl;/

247

aq;@HkukeJh tcdk;usifh pOfuk

aq;@HkukeJh tcdk;usifh pOfukwdkh &Jh pyfE$,fr+udk u|efawmfwdkh aqG;aEG;jupdkh ? q&m0efawG[m

trsm;tm;_zifh tcdk;usifhpOfudk todtrSwfr_yKjuzl; ? b,fvdka_ymovJqdkawmh / Þtcdk;usifh pOftaeeJh

a&m*gukEdkif&if / u|efawmfwdkh aq;@HkawG@Sdaezdkh vdkOD;rvm; ? u|efawmfwdkh aq;@HkawGudk cifAsm;wdkh

tpm;0ifxdk;vdkfuf&if ^yD;a&mr[kwfvm; ? cifAsm;wdkh [mu aq;xdk;-aq;aomuf-aq;@Hkwufaep&m

bmrSrvdkzl; ? vufeJh ukvdkuf@HkeJh aysmufa&m ? u|efawmfwdkh aq;@HkawGudk tpm;xdk;vdkuf&if b,fh

avmufaumif;rvJ ß wJh ? ckvdka_ymwm tajumif;,kwWdrwefvdkufwm / w&m;enf;vrf; rusvdkufwm

ra_ymeJh awmh ? wcsdKh u tcdk;usifh pOfudk em;rvnfjuzl; ? pifppftcdk;usifh pOfeJh a&m*gukwmudk

omrefvlawG jum;u a&m*gukwmrsdK;awGeJh wpfwef;wpfpm;wnf; oabmxm;vdkh

b,f_zpfrvJ ? ,if;[m omrefvlawGjum;u twwfynm r[kwfzl; ? omrefvGef_zpfw,f ? 'Dawmh

omref vlwdkh&Jh vlh tzGJhtpnf;udk omrefvGef[mrsdK;eJh yrm%juD;juD;us,fus,f aESmifh ,Sufvdkh

b,f_zpfrvJ ? bk&m;awGqdkwm b,fh avmuftpGrf;@SdovJ ? bk&m;wpfa,mufvufa0Sh &rf;vdkuf@HkeJh /

vlom;wdkh &Jh a&m*gawG tukefaysmuf _y,fukefrSm_zpfw,f ? bm_yKvdkh tJ'Dvdk rvkyfovJ ? ^yD;awmh

bk&m;awGqdkwm enf;wmrSwfvdkh / bm_yKvdkh Þ a&m*gawGaysmufap ß qdk̂ yD;

arwWm*@k%myGm;r_yjuovJ ?'guawmh omrefvlwdkh&Jh vlhtzGJhtpnf;qdkwm tJ'Dvdk_zpfae&vdkh_zpfw,f ?

arG;-tdk-em-aoqdkwmuvJ tJ'Dvdkudk _zpfae&vdk_zpfw,f? yãdporkÑg'fajumif;-tusdK;w&m;ESifhtnD

_zpfysufae&wmcsnf; _zpfw,f? oHo&m vnfaeju&wmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? 0ãfajuG;uHajuG;awGqdkwm

qyfudkqyfoGm;&rSmudk?

oifhtaeeJh olhudkaysmufatmifukay;vdkufvdkh@Sd&if / 'Dw&m;oabmudk azmufzsuf

&musrSm _zpfw,f ? 'kp@dkufawGusL;vGefwJh wdkifatmif _yefqyfaep&mvdkrSmr[kwfvkdh&Sd&if [kwfyghrvm;?

usifh olwpfa,muftaeeJh 0ãfajuG;uHajuG;awGudk t^yD;tydkif y,frypfEdkifao;cif / arwWm*@k%mw&m;eJh

tnD a&m*gukay;wmrsdK;udk cGifh _yKw,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh / oifh taeeJh arwWm*@k%myGm;vmvdkh

ckvdkcGifh _yKwm_zpfw,f ? 'gayrJh / oifh taeeJh ckvdk_y\emudk wu,fwrf; a_z@Sif;EdkifvmwJh tcg /

yrm% us,fus,f a_z@Sif;r,fqdk&ifawmh / _zpfawmh rSm r[kwfzl; ? tJ'Dvdkvkyf&if omrefvlwkdh&Jh

vlhtzGJhtpnf;ta_ctaeudk _yif;_yif;xef;xefzsufqD;&m usrSm_zpfvdkh cGifhr_yKwm_zpfw,f / 'ghajumifh

248

omrefvlwdkh &Jh aq;@HkawGudk tcdk;usifh pOfeJh tpm;xdk;zdkh qdkwm tv#if;udk r_zpfEdkifzl; ? ,if;u

omrefvGefw&m;rdkh vdkh udk; ?

w@kwf_ynfrSm tcdk;usifhpOfaq;@HkawG axmifcGifh_yK_yDqdkygawmh/ wu,fvdkh cGifh_yKcJhaomf/

tcdk;usifhpOfq&mjuD;awG tukefxGufvkyfju? b,fvdkaervJqdkwm junfh aygh ? b,f'Dvdk

vkyfcGifh_yKrvJ ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh omrefvlwdkh&Jhvlhavmuta_ctaeudk tm;vHk;u xdef;odrf;juvdkh

_zpfw,f ? tcdk;usifh pOfaq;@Hkwdkh / tcdk;usifhpOf t_yifvlemaq;ukõme-emvefx / usef;rma&;A[dkpcef;-

ukotyef; a_z &dyfomwdkh udkvkyfvmvdkh@Sd&if / tcdk;usifhpOfq&mwdkh&Jh ukor+[m wcgwnf; xdk;usvm&rSm

_zpfw,f ? ukor+tusdK;oGm;vJ [efvSawmhrSm r[kwfzl; ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh /

omrefvlawGjum;u[mawGudk vkyfvmavawmh / omrefvlawG jum;uw&m;eJh wpfwef;wpfpm;wnf;

_zpfvm&rSmrdkhvdkhudk; ? omrefvl awG&Jh ta_ctaeeJh wpfqifhwnf; _zpfae&rSmrdkhvdkhudk; ?

ukor+tusdK;oGm;vJ aq;@HkeJh wpfa_y;wnf; _zpfae&rSmrdkhvdkhudk; ? 'ghajumifh a&m*guk&mrSm

'davmuf[efawmhrSmr[kwfzl;aygh ? aq;ywfb,fESpfausmh uk&r,f ponf_zifh _zpfvm&awmhrSmaygh ?

a,bl,stm;_zifh uawmh 'Dvdkcsnf;aygh ?

tcdk;usifh pOftaeeJh aq;@Hkaxmifaxmif-raxmifaxmif / a&m*gaysmufatmif ukEdkifwm

uawmh b,fvlrS ypfy,fvdkhr&wJh tcsuf _zpfw,f ? tcdk;usifhpOf _yef yGm;vmwm 'davmufjum^yD ? usifh

&if; wu,hfudka&m*guif;a&;-usef;rma&;yef;wdkif a&mufolawGqdkwm enf;wmrSwfvdkh ? tcdk;usifhpOf

q&mu a&m*gudk aemufa@$h ypfvdkufwmrsdK;bJ_zpf_zpf / bmrsdK;bJ_zpf_zpf / cka&m*gr@Sdwmuawmh trSefyJ ?

wenf;tm;_zifh a_ym&&if / tcdk;usifhpOftaeeJh a&m*gukEdkifwmudk b,fvlrS ypfy,fvdkh r&wmuawmh

wxpfcsaygh ? tcdk;usifh pOfq&mawGqD vm_yjuoltrsm;pkwdkh [m tuk&vJcuf / bmrSef;vJrod&ao;wJh

a&m*gawG _zpfjuw,f ? aq;@HkawGrSm raysmufvdkh tcdk;usifh pOfq&mawGqDudk uHprf;oabmrsdK;eJh

vm_yjuwm_zpfw,f ? &vm'fuawmh aysmufukefjuwm ? aq;@HkrSmukvdkh &wmrsdK;udk b,fvlurS

tcdk;usifhpOfq&mqDoGm;_yaerSmr[kwfzl; ? txl;o_zifh tpOD;ydkif;rSmwkef;u tJ'Dvdk

em;vnfxm;juwmcsnf; _zpfw,f ? 'gh ajumifh tcdk;usifh pOftaeeJh a&m*gukEdkifw,fvdkh

qdk&wmaygh ? ,if;udk omrefvlwdkh&Jhvlh tzGJh tpnf;u 'd_yifudpPawGvdk vkyfvdkh r_zpfwm wpfckyJ@Sdw,f ?

yrm% juD;juD; us,fus,f aESmifh ,SufwmrsdK; uawmh_zpfudkr_zpfbl;? yrm% i,fi,f[mrsdK; /

*,ufrjuD;vSwmrsdK;wdkh udk wdk;wdk;wdwfwdwf vkyfwmrsdK;uawmh udpP r@Sdzl;aygh ? a&m*gt^yD;t_ywf

249

aysmufrSmr[kwfwmuvJ usdef;aoaygh ? a&m*guif;atmif udk,fh [mudk,f tcdk;usifh pOfusifh wmurS

taumif;qHk;vdkh qdk&rSm ?

wcsdKh tcdk;usifh pOfq&mwdkh uqdk&ifvJ / aq;@HkawG[m a&m*grukEdkifjuzl; / ukor+ tusdK;

oGm;u b,fodkh b,fnmponf_zifh a_ymaejuw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh u b,fvdka_ymygh rvJ ? tajumif;

ajumif;awG @SdaewmuawmhtrSefyJ ? y"metusqHk;uawmh/ uGsefawmht_rift&a_ym&&if vlom;wdkh&Jh

udk,fusifh w&m;pHawG usqif;vmwm _zpfw,f ? 'Dawmh a&m*gawGu xl;axGqef;_ym;vmvdkufwm /

aq;@HkawGvJ b,fukEdkifrvJ ? aq;wdkufvJ rxda&mufzl; / aq;wkawGuvJrsm;ygayh? vlhya&m*ajumifh

vlhtzGJhtpnf;taeeJh ckavmufysufpD;vm&wm_zpfw,f ? ololudk,fudk,f b,folh udkrS t_ypfwif

raejueJh ? vlwdkif;vlwdkif; rD;avmif&mavyifh tcef;u ygaejuwmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? 'gh ajumifh usifh

juHtm;xkwfju&mrSm vlwdkif;vlwdkif; twd'k=awGeJh &ifqdkif vmju&rSmcsnf;_zpfw,f ?

aq;@HkawGrSm a&m*gwcsdKhudk ppfvdkhr&zl; / 'gayrJh a&m*guawmh trSefwu,fhudk @Sdaewm?

wcsdKhusawmh ppfvdkh&w,f ? 'gayrJh bma&m*gvdkhac:&rSef;rodzl; ? rawGh zl;wJh tJ'Da&m*g awGudktukef

Þacwfa&m*g ßawGvdkh aq;@HkawGrSm _cHK_yD;ac:aejuw,f ? aq;@HkawGtaeeJh a&m*gukEdkifvm; ? ukEdkifwm

aygh ? rukEdkif&if b,fvlu ,HkOD;rSmvJ ? b,fvlu aq;@HkoGm;_yaeOD;rSmvJ ? aq;@HkawG[m a&m*gukEdkif

juwmaygh ? 'gayrJh olhukyHkukenf;u omrefvlwdkh&Jh tqifhu_zpf^yD; / a&m*guawmh omrefvGef _zpfae

wm_zpfw,f ? wcsdKha&m*gawGqdk&if awmfawmfhudk juD;wm ? 'ghajumifh a&m*gudk apmapmukjuzdkh

aq;@HkawGu aqmfjoaejuwm r[kwfvm; ? a&m*gjuD;&ifukvdkhr&yJudk; ? au|;wJh aq;twdkif;tq

juD;&ifvJ aq;qdyfoifhrSm _zpfw,f ? uaehtzdkh &mrSm aq;ynmtqifh twef;&,f / odÑHeJh twwfynm

tqifh twef;&,fwdkh[m wa_y;nD_zpfaeju / omrefvlh tqifhrSmcsnf; _zpfaeju w,f ?

'ghajumifh ,if;&Jh ukor+tusdK;oGm;[m ckvdk_zpfae&wm _zpfw,f ? _y\emwpf&yfudk

@Sif;atmifa_ymxm;&r,f ? omreftcdk;usifhpOfwdkh taeeJh a&m*guk_cif;qdkwm&,f / aq;@HkawGtaeeJh

a&m*guk_cif; qdkwm&,fwdkh qdkwm / a&m*g_zpfapwJh t&if;cHtajumif;&yf_zpfwJhtxd 'kuQawGudk

aemufa@$hypfvdkuf_cif;_zpfw,f ? b0aemufwpf0ufydkif;qDudk_zpfap /

'daemufudk_zpfapa@$hypfvdkuf_cif;_zpfw,f ? 0ãfajuG;uHajuG;awG uawmh 'Hk&if;-'Hk&if;twdkif;yJ

@Sdaejuwmcsnf;aygh ?

w@kwf@dk;&maq;ynmtajumif;udk u|efawmfwdkh aqG;aEG;jupdkh / w@kwf@dk;&maq;ynmuk

oyHk ukoenf;[m / tcdk;usifh pOf ukoyHkukoenf;eJh awmfawmfeD;pyfw,f ? a@S;acwfu @dk;&morm;awmf

250

juD;awG[m ta_ccHtm;_zifh pGrf;tifxl;@SdjuolawGcsnf;_zpfw,f ? qGefpDa_rmif (Sun Simiao ) / [Gmh

axmf(Huatwo) / vDqDusif (Li Shizhen) / _yefc|Jh (Bian Que) tp@SdwJh aq;ynm@SifjuD;awG[m

pGrf;&nfxl;@Sdjuol awGcsnf;_zpfw,f / aq;usrf;awGrSm rSwfwrf;wifxm;juwmudk awGh &Edkifw,f ?

'gayrJh ckvdktESpfom& awG[m cka0zef@+Hh cscHaewwfju&@Smw,f ? ck / w@kwf@dk;&maq;ynmtaeeJh

qufcHxm;wmu aq;!$ef; wdkh vdk[mrsdK;awG / 'grSr[kwf tawGh tjuHKpl;prf;r+wdkh vdk[mrsdK;awGom

_zpfw,f ? a@S;acwfw@kwfaq; ynm[m awmfawmfxGef;um;wm / acwfaq;ynmxuf tyHkjuD;om

wmaygh ? wcsdKhu xifaumif;xifaejur,f ? acwfaq;ynmqdkwm b,fh avmufxGef;um;vdkufovJ

vdkh ? udk,fwGif;t*FgawGudk pDwD (CT) eJh ppfjunfh vdkh &w,f ? ^yD;awmh bD(B) plygwdkh / "mwfyHk@dkufwmwdkh /

tdwfpfa&mif_cnf "mwfrSef@dkufwmwdkh qdkwmawGvJ pHkvdkh aygh wJh ? acwfay:pufud&d,mawGqdkwm

acwfrSDyg&Jh ? u|efawmfh t_rift&a_ym&&ifawmh/ a@S;acwfw@kwfaq;ynmudkrrSDao;zl; ?

orm;awmf juD; [Gmhaxmf qdk&if / bk&ifacsmifacsmif; OD;aESmufxJu _rif;zkudk awGhae&vdkh

cGJpdwfr+ vkyfay;csifwmudk acsmifacsmif;u olh udk vkyfjuHr,frSwfvdkh / [Gmhaxmf udk tusOf;csvdkufw,f ?

[Gmhaxmfcrsm axmifxJrSm qHk;oGm;&@Smw,f ? acsmifacsmif;[m a&m*g_yefxwJhtcg / [Gmhaxmfudkowd&

vdkh vltac:v$wfvdkufw,f ? [Gmhaxmfu qHk;^yDav ? rjumcif acsmifacsmif;vJ wu,fhudk tJ'Da&m*geJh

qHk;oGm;&w,f ? bm_yKvdkh [Gmhaxmfu odESifhae&ovJ ? oluawGh ae&rSudk; ? 'gu|efawmfwdkh vlawG&Jh

pGrf;tifxl; _zpfw,f ? twdwfu aq;ynm@SifjuD;awG[m ckvdktpGrf;tp@SdwJh ykídKvfawGcsnf;_zpfw,f ?

'dAýp=KeJh junfhwJhtcg / wpfzufwnf;uae xdkifjunfh@HkeJh / vlhcE<mav;zufpvHk;udk w^ydKifwnf;

_rif&w,f ? a@Shuaejunfh@HkeJh / aemufzufudka&m / b,fzufeJh nmzufudkyg tukef_rif&w,f ?

wpfv$mpDwpfv$mpDjunfhvdkhvJ&w,f / a&m*gZpf_rpf[m bmvJqdkwmudkvJ [if;vif;_yifudk xdk;azmuf

od_rifEdkifw,f ? acwfaq;ynmtaeeJh rSDEdkifrvm; ? a0;vdkufwm ? aemufxyfESpfaygif;wpfaxmif

avmufapmifhOD;aygh ? pDwDwdkh-bDplygwdkh -tdwfpfa&mif_cnfwdkh vJ vlh udk,fwGif;t*FgawGudk ppfjunfh vdkh

&yg&Jh ? 'gayrJh pufawG u juD;vGef;tm;juD;aejuw,f/ udk,fay:rSm aqmifxm;vdkh vJ r&zl; ? "mwfr@SdvJ

r_zpfzl; ? 'dAýp=Kuawmh b,foGm;oGm; / udk,feJh twlygaewmcsnf;yJ ? "mwftm;awG bmawGvJ bmrS

rvdkzl; ? b,fh eJh vkyf ,SOfEdkifrvJ ?

wcsdKh uqdkw,f ? ckaq;awGu b,fodkh b,fnmpGrf;w,faygh ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f ?

trSefr@Sdzl; ? w@kwf_ynfa@S;acwfu aq;zuf0ifEG,f_rufopfyifwcsdKh qdk&if odyfpGrf;wm / aq;vJa&muf

a&m*gvJ aysmufwJh ? wdrfaumaysmufuG,fukefwmawG trsm;juD;_zpfovdk / vlxkjum;rSm usefaewm /

251

t&yfxJrSm _yefh yGm;aewmawGvJ renf;zl; ? csDcsD[m(Qiqihar) ^rdKh rSm oifwef;ay;wkef;u / vlwpfa,muf

vrf;ab;rSm aps;cif;^yD; oGm;E+wfay;aewmudk u|efawmfawGh &w,f ? olh 0wfyHkpm;yHk junfh &wm ta@Sh

a_rmufydkif;om;eJh rwlzl; ? awmifydkif;om;eJh wlw,f ? vmor#vlawGudk E+wfay;wm oGm;awGudkyHkvdkh ? olh

&nf@G,fcsufu oGm;E+wfay;zdkh r[kwfzl; / aq;&nfa&mif;zdkh _zpfw,f ? aq;&nfu tifrwef_yif;wJh

t0gtcdk;eHh xGufaew,f ? oGm;E+wfwJh tcg / aq;ykvif;udk tzHk;zGifh / E+wfrJh oGm;ae&mu yg;ay:rSmawh

vdkuf / vlemudk aq;0g&nfteHh ESpfcgoHk;cgavmuf @+@d+ufcdkif;^yD; / ykvif;udk zHk; / ab;csxm;vdkufw,f ?

aq;&nfu b,favmufuav;rS qHk;yg;wmr[kwfzl; ? ^yD;rS tdwfxJuae rD;_cpfqHwpfqH xkwfvdkuf

w,f ? wpfzufu olh aq;tajumif;a_ym&if; / wpfzufu E+wfrJh oGm;udk rD;_cpfqHeJh uavmfvdkufwm /

aoG;puav;eJeJyJ ygw,f / u|wfxGufvmygava&m ? emvJrem / aoG;vJrxGufzl; ? pOf;pm;junfh

juprf;yg ? rD;_cpfqHqdkwm enf;enf;uav;avmufomtm;pdkufrd@HkeJh usdK;oGm;rSm ? oluawmh rD;_cpfqHeJh

oGm;udk uavmfxkwfvdkufwm tvG,fuav; u|wfxGufvmygava&m ?

u|efawmfa_ymr,f/ w@kwf_ynfrSm wcsdKh [mawG vlxkjum;rSm vufqifh urf; _yefh

yGm;aew,f ? taemufaq;ynmu odrfarGh pufud&d,mawG[m ,if;wdkh udk b,frSDrvJ ? b,fvlh

tusdK;oufa&mufr+u aumif;ovJqdkwm junfh &rSmaygh ? olu rD;_cpfqHuav;eJh uavmfvdkuf@kHeJhoGm;

u|wfxGufvma&m ? q&m0efawG oGm;E+wfawmhr,fqdk&if / xHkaq;t&if xdk;&w,f ? 'Dudkxdk;vdkuf

[dkudkxdk;vdkufeJh awmfawmfemwm ? xHkvm^yDqdkawmh rS nSyfeJh E+wfw,f ? E+wfygav ? twefjum E+wfrd

wJh wdkifatmif oGm;ur^zHKao; ? tqifra_y&if txJrSm t_rpfusdK;usef&pfygava&m ? wlawG-aqmuf

awGeJh wl;xkwfju&ygava&m ? toJxdwf&ifzdkp&mrsdK;aygh av ? ^yD;rS / odrfarGh ud&d,meJh xyf^yD;awmh

*sdueJ *sdueJeJhaeatmifpm;wm / wcsdKhrsm; emvGef;vdkh xckefrdrwwf _zpfju&@Smw,f ? aoG;xGuf wmvJ

renf;zl; ? axG;ygav aoG;awGqdkwm ? junfhav b,folh[mu aumif;ovJ / b,folh [mu acwfrSD

ovJqdkwm ? u|efawmfwdkhtaeeJh tay:,Hud&d,mudkom junfh aevdkh r_zpfzl; / vufawGh tusdK;oGm;udk

junfh&rSm ? a@S;acwfu w@kwf@dk;&maq;ynm[m awmfawmfhudk xGef;um;wm / cktaemufaq;ynm

taeeJh / aemufESpfaygif; b,fhavmufjumOD;awmh / rSDEdkifrSm r[kwfzl; ?

a@S;acwfw@kwfodÑHynm[mcku|efawmfwdkh taemufwdkif;uae wwfxm;wJhacwfodÑH

ynm eJh rwlzl; ? ,if;vdkufwmu oyfoyfwpfvrf;_zpfvdkh / rwlwJht_zpfrsdK;_zpfay:vmaprSm _zpfw,f ? 'gh

ajumifh a@S;acwfw@kwfodÑHeJh twwfynmudk cku|efawmfwdkh od_rifyHk od_rifenf;rsdK;eJh em;vnfvdkh r_zpfzl; ?

bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh a@S;w@kwfodÑHynmtaeeJh u vlhcE<m / touf / pjum0Vmwdkh udk 'Jh 'dk;OD;wnf̂ yD;

252

okawoe _yKjuwm_zpfvdkh / olvdkufwJhvrf;u oyfoyfwpfvrf;_zpfw,f ? [dkacwf[dktcgu

ausmif;wufolwdkh[mw&m;xdkifwwfju&w,f ? xdkifwJhtcgvJ taetxm;rSefrSef xdkifwwfju &w,f ?

pkwfwHudkifwJhtcg tcdk;o,fwwfju&w,f / touf@+wwfju&w,f ? vkyfief;wdkif;-vkyfief;wdkif;rSmyJ /

pdwfxm;oefhpifa&; / touf@+odrfarGha_y_ypfa&;wdkhudk ta&;xm;juw,f ? vlhtzGJhtpnf; wpfckvHk;

ckvdkt_zpfrsdK;rSm wnfaewm ?

wcsdKh uqdkw,f / a@S;acwfw@kwfodÑHynmvrf;twdkif;oGm;&if / uaeh vdk armfawmfum;

awG / rD;&xm;awG @SdEdkifrSmwJhvm;wJh ? uaehvdk acwfrSDEdkifrSmwJhvm;wJh ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f ? oifhtaeeJh

ypP=ywf0ef;usifuae^yD; / w_cm;ta_ctaeudk oGm;em;vnfvdkh b,f_zpfrvJ ? oifwdkh tawG;tac:

t,ltqwdkhtaeeJh awmfvSefa_ymif;vJr+ _zpfvmrSawmfr,f ? @kyf-oHpuf r@Sdzl;qdkygawmh ? ezl;rSm

udk,fh[mudk,fygaerS[m ? junfhcsifwm junfhayawmh ? pGrf;tifvJ @SdaerS[m ? rD;&xm; / armfawmfum;

r@Sdzl;wJh ? udk,fh[mudk,f vGifharsm&if^yD;a&m ? "mwfavScg;awmifrvdkzl; ? rwlwJh vlr+_zpfxGef;r+_zpfay:

vmrSm_zpfw,f / ckvdkabmifxJrSm cwfudkxm;rS&,fvdkh b,f[kwfrvJ ?_yify^*dKvfom;wdkh &Jh yk*H_ym;ysHawG

udk junfhygvm; / _refvdkufwm ra_ymeJhawmh / ^yD;awmh juD;vdkh vJ&-i,fvdkh vJ&juw,f ? olwdkh vdkufae

juwmu om^yD;awmhawmif rwlwJh _zpfxGef;a&;vrf;pOf _zpfw,f ? aemufwpfrsdK; odÑHenf;_zpfw,f ?

tõrydkh cscsuf

&d=muif;

&d=muif;_y\emeJh ywfoufvdkh wcsdKh ua_ymvmaejuw,f ? &d=muif;t_cif;t&mrsdK;

qdkwm / usifh juHa&; avmurSm @Sdae@Hkru / vlh tzGJh tpnf;wpfckvHk;u vlawmfawmfrsm;rsm;jum;rSmvJ

@SdaewmyJ ? wcsdKh qdk&if av;ig;a_cmufESpf / q,fESpfausmf rpm;raomufyJ aejuw,f / a_zmifh vdkh ? wcsdKh

u &d=muif;_cif;udk wpfpHkwpfckaom tqifh u ay:vGifcsufvdkh qdkw,f ? wcsdKh uvJ cE<moefh pifa&;

vkyfay;wmwJh ? wcsdKh uawmh vJ / tqifh _rifh u usifh juHa&; _zpfpOfvdkh qdkjuw,f ?

pifppf / tJ'Dvdk r[kwfzl; ? 'Dawmh bmwJh vJ ? &d=muif;_cif;qdkwm pifppfxl;_cm;vSwJh

ywf0ef;usifrSm usifh oHk;wJh xl;_cm;vSwJh usifh juHenf;wpf&yf _zpfw,f ? b,fvdkxl;_cm;vSwJh ywf0ef;

usif rsdK;rSm oHk;wmvJ ? w@kwf_ynfrSm a@S;acwfu / txl;o_zifh bmoma&;awG ray:cifu / usifh

juHolrsm; pGmwdkh [m vlola0;wJh awmjuD;awmifjuD;awGrSm _zpfap / vd+%f*lawGrSm _zpfap / v#dKh 0SufpGm

253

usifh avh @Sdjuw,f ? wpfOD;wpfa,mufcsif;pD usifh avh @Sdjuw,f ? ckvdkvkyfvmjuwJh tcg / tpm;tpm

_y\em ay:vma&m ? wu,fvdkh olwdkh taeeJh &d=muif;enf; roHk;&if / tv#if;udk usifh vdkh &rSm

r[kwfzl; ? tpmiwfvdkh _zpfap / a&iwfvdkh _zpfap aoukefjurSm _zpfw,f ? u|efawmf̂ cHKcsdefh (^cHKuif;)

uae 0l[efh (0l[ef) udk oGm;w&m;a[mwkef;u ,efpD_rpfxJrSm oabFmeJh pkefqif;vmcJh w,f ?

_rpfusOf;oHk;ae&m a&mufwJh tcg / vd+%f*lwcsdKh udk awmifurf;yg;awGrSm awGh&w,f ? emrnfjuD;

awmifrsm;pGmwdkhrSmvJ 'grsdK;awG @Sdjuw,f ? t&ifu usifh olwdkh [m *lawGqDudk judK;eJh wG,fwuf^yD;juwJh

tcg / judK;awGudk _zwfypf^yD; usifh juygava&m ? usihfvdkh ratmif&if aozdkh om @Sdwmaygh ? a&vJr@Sd

pm;p&m aomufp&m vJ bmrSr@SdyJudk; ? ckvdktifrwdtifrwef xl;_cm;vSwJh ywf0ef;usifrsdK;rSm oHk;wJh

xl;_cm;wJh usifh enf;wpf&yfvdkh qdk&rSmaygh ?

usifh pOfrsm;pGmwdkh [m ckvdkqufcHwJh _zpfpOf@Sdaevdkh &d=muif;a&; ygaejuw,f ? w_cm;

usifh pOfrsm;pGmwdkh uawmh 'grsdK;rygjuzl; ? uaeh vlxkjum;rSm _zefh _zL;aejuwJh usifh pOftrsm;pkrSm

'grsdK;rygzl; ? usifhjuHtm;xkwfju&mrSmusifh pOfwpfckwnf;udkom pGJusifh juzdkh u|efawmfwdkh u a_ymxm;^yD;

_zpfw,f ? vlhya&m*tavsmuf igbmvkyfcsif &if bmvkyfr,fqdkwmrsdK;udk a@Smif&r,f ? &d=muif;a&;u

rqdk;zl; / igvJ usifh junfh OD;rSvdkh oiftawG; ay:aumif;ay:vmrSm _zpfw,f ? oifusifh ^yD; bmvkyfrvdkh

vJ ? wcsdKh u rqdk;zl;vdkh xifrdjuw,f ? xl;ovdkvdk qef;ovdkvdkvJ xifrdjuw,f ? wcsdKh uawmh vJ

rdrdwdkh taeeJh pGrf;&nf_rifhvmju^yD / juGm;_yEdkifvmju^yDvdkh xifaumif;xifaerdjurSm zpfw,f ? vlqdkwm

trsdK;rsdK;ayghav ? ckvdkenf;rsdK;eJh usifhw,fyJxm;OD; / udk,fcE<mudk_znhfpGufay;zdkh twGuf /

rdrdudk,fydkifpGrf;tifudk xkwfoHk;&rSm _zpfw,f ? 'gh ajumifh t&+H;eJh t_rwfumrdwmr[kwfzl; ? trsm;odwJh

twdkif; / txl;o_zifh bmoma&;awG wnfaxmifvmjuwJh aemufrSm / oifh taeeJh ausmif;wdkufawGrSm

urRõmef;xdkifxdkif / wdkufydwf usihf usifh / qGrf;[if;toifh _zpfaewmrdkh / 'D_y\em ay:p&mtajumif;

r@Sdzl; ? txl;o_zifh u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh omrefvlhwdkh&JhtzGJh tpnf;xJrSm usifh aejuavawmh um /

'Dvdkenf;rsdK;udk oHk;aezdkh tv#if;udk rvdkzl; ? ^yD;awmh oifh usifhpOfxJrSm ygwmvJ r[kwfvdkh /

t&rf;av#mufvkyfvdkh r_zpfzl; ? 'gayrJh oifh taeeJh u wu,fh udk &d=muif;a&; usifhcsifoyqdk&if /

judKufovdkom oGm;usifh ayawmh ? u|efawmfod&o avmuf a_ym&&if / q&mocifwdkh taeeJh tqifh

_rifh usifh pOfudk vufqifh urf;juwJh tcg / om;wynfh wdkh udk wu,fwrf; usifh ay;juwJh tcg / usifh

pOfxJrSm &d=muif;a&; ygaumif;ygvmrSm _zpfw,f ? ckvdkt_cif;t&mrsdK; ay:aumif;ay:vmrSm _zpfw,f ?

254

'gayr,fvdkh us,fus,f_yefh _yefh vkyfvdkh r_zpfwmrdkh om;wynfh awGudk v#dKh 0SufpGm usifh ay;wmrsdK; /

wpfOD;wpfa,mufcsif;pD usifh ay;wmrsdK;u rsm;w,f ?

ckqdk&if &d=muif;a&; oifay;aejuwJh tcdk;usifh pOfq&mawGvJ @Sdaejuw,f ? uif;ju&Jh

vm; ? aemufqHk;usawmh ruif;juzl; ? b,folawG uif;juovJ ? u|efawmfjunfh &wm aq;@Hkwuf&

olawG renf;zl; ? touft÷&m,f _zpf&olawG renf;zl; ? bm_yKvdkh ckvdk_zpf&wmvJ ? &d=muif;_cif;qdk

wmrsdK; @Sdaew,f r[kwfvm; ? @Sdw,f ? 'gayrJh wpfckawmh@Sdw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh omrefvlwdkh&Jh vlh tzGJh

tpnf;u ckvdkta_ctaeudk ayghaygh wefwef zsufqD;cHrSm r[kwfzl; / zsufqD;cGihf_yKrSm r[kwfbl;?

wpf_ynfvHk;qdkwmuawmh xm;vdkufygawmh / csefc|ef;'Dwpfe,fxJrSmwif usihfjuH&if; rpm;yJ raomufyJ

aevdkh &r,fqdk&if / u|efawmfa_ymr,f ? b,fhavmufrsm; tvkyf@+yf oufomvdkufrvJvdkh ? csufzdkh

_yKwfzdkhtwGufbmrSylaep&mvdkrSmr[kwfawmhzl; ? v,form;awGcrsm v,fvkyf&wm b,fh avmufrsm;

yifyef; vdkufovJvdkh ? b,folrS rpm;juawmhzl;qdk&if / tifrwefh udk tvkyf@+yfoufomrSm ?

tvkyfomvkyfju/xrif;pm;aep&m rvdkawmh zl;wJh ? _zpfEdkifygh rvm; ? tJ'gvlh tzGJh tpnf;wJh vm; ?

_zpfudkr_zpfEdkifrSm usdef;aoaygh? ckvdk[mrsdK;taeeJh omrefvlhwdkh&Jh tzGJh tpnf;tay: yrm%juD;pGm taESmifh

t,Suf_zpfvmaprSmudk b,fcGihf _yKEdkifygh rvJ ?

tcdk;usifh pOfq&mwcsdKh &d=muif; oifay;ju&mrSm / vlaygif;rsm;pGmwdkh [m t÷&m,feJh

&ifqdkifvmju&w,f ? vlwcsdKh[m &d=muif;a&;udk tpGJjuD;pGm vdkufaejuw,f ? 'gayr,fvdkh vlh tpGJwdkh/

omrefvlwdkh &Jh tmomqêrsm;pGmwdkh u u|wfrSru|wfao;wm ? pm;aumif;wm a@Sh rSm rpm;yJae&&if

oGm;a&usvmrSm _zpfw,f ? tJ'Dvdk qêay:vmwJh tcg oludk,fh udk,fudk,f xdef;vdkh &rSm r[kwfzl; ?

pdwfylvmrSm _zpfw,f ? pm;csifvmrSm _zpfw,f ? pm;csifvmrSawmh pm;awmh rSmaygh ? rpm;yJae&if

qmawmh rSmaygh ? pm;_yefawmh vJ tefxGufa&m / pm;vdkh r0ifyJudk; ? 'Dawmh pdwfxJuae vefh vm /

ajumufvmygava&m ? aq;@Hkwuf&wm renf;zl; ? wu,fh udk touft÷&m,f _zpf&ol awGvJ

renf;zl; ? 'D@+yf@+yf,Suf,Suf udpPawGudk udkifwG,fay;zdkh u|efawmfh udk wcsdKh u vma_ymjuw,f ?

'grsdK;awGudk uGsefawmfuta&;vkyfcsifwmvJ r[kwfzl; ? tcdk;usifh pOfq&mwcsdKh qdkwm t&rf;av#muf

vkyfaewm ? 'DvdktpkwftEkyf[mrsdK;awGudk b,folu olh tpm; odrf;qnf;ay;csifrSmvJ ?

^yD;awmh / &d=muif;a&;vkyf&mrSm oif'k=rsm;&wm udk,fh[mudk,f vuf_zefhvdkh r[kwf

vm; ? ckvdkt_cif;t&mrsdK;qdkwm @Sdaewm_zpfajumif; / 'gayrJh tqifh _rifh u ta_ctae r[kwfajumif; /

xl;_cm;vSwJh xif[yfcsufvJ r[kwfajumif; u|efawmfwdkhua_ymxm;^yD; _zpfw,f ? ,if;[m xl;_cm;vSwJh

255

ta_ctaerSm usifh oHk;wJh usifh enf;wpf&yfom _zpfajumif; / ^yD;awmh us,fus,f_yefh _yefh usifh vdkh &wm

rsdK; r[kwfajumif;vJ u|efawmfwdkh u @Sif;atmif a_ymxm;^yD;_zpfw,f ? wcsdKhu &d=muif;a&;udk vdkufae

juw,f ? &d=muif;a&; / wpfydkif;&d=muif;a&;&,fvdkh qdk^yD; / tqifh awGawmif cGJvdkufao;w,f ?

wcsdKh u a&aomufjuw,fwJh / wcsdKh u opfoD;pm;juw,fwJh ? tukef&d=muif;a&;ta&_cHK

awGcsnf;aygh ? jumawmh tukefysufukef&rSm pdwfcs ? wu,fwrf; usifh olwdkh usawmh / *lxJrSm0if_yD;

bmrSrpm;raomufyJ usifh oGm;jurSm _zpfw,f ? tJ'grsdK;urS wu,fh Þ&d=muif;a&; ß vdkh qdk&rSm ?

tcdk;cdk;_cif;

tcdk;cdk;_cif;qdkwmeJh ywfoufvkdh pum;pyfrdjuwJhtcg wcsdKhqdk&if usm;tajumif;jum;&_yD

qdkwmeJh ajumufacs;ygwwfovdk vefhzsefh_yD; tcdk;usihfpOf rusihf&Jjuawmhzl;/ ÞrD;upm;_cif;-bDvl;pD;_cif;

ß qdkwmwdkh / tcdk;cdk;_cif; qdkwmwdkh udk usifh juHa&;avmurSm jum;ae&vdkh / vlrsm;pGmwdkh [m tcdk;usifh pOf

rusifh&Jjuzl; ? tem;ruyf0Hhjuzl; ? wu,fvdkh 'Da_ymvHk;awG r@Sd&ifusifhwJh vlawG ydkrsm;aumif;rsm;

rSm_zpfw,f ? pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;nHhwJh tcdk;usifhpOfq&mwcsdKh u qdk&ifvJ 'gawGudk txl;wvnf

oifay;aejuwm / usifh juHa&;avmurSm uaomif;ueif;udk_zpfvdkh ? pifppfawmh olwdkh a_ymoavmuf

ajumufp&mr[kwfzl; ? u|efawmfwdkh u a_ymxm;^yD;om; ? tcdk;qdkwm tcdk;yJ/ a&mpyf rlvtcdk;vdkh ac:ac:

/ 'Dtcdk; [dktcdk;vdkh ac:ac: / vlh udk,frSm tcdk;awG @Sdaeor# umvywfvHk; / 'Dvl[m a&m*guif;a&;-

usef;rma&; tqifh rSm @SdaerSmrdkh / usihfjuHtm;xkwfolvdkh rqkdEkdifao;zl; ? tjuifoltaeeJh tcdk;awG

@Sdaeao;or# umvywfvHk; / cE<m_rifh rm;pGm oefh pifa&;t qifh ra&mufao;yHkudk _yae&musw,f ?

a&m*gtcdk;@SdaeyHkudk _y&musw,f ? 'guawmh usdef;aoaygh ? tcdk; cdk;olwdkh [mvJ tcdk;tqifh rSmyJaygh ?

u|efawmfwdkh usifh olawGtaeeJh tJ[dkaemufusdvStcdk;awGudk b,folu ,lrvJ ? rusifh olwdkh cE<mu

tcdk;awG[m odyfaemufaewmyJ/ usifhjuHtm;xkwfvmwJh tcg junfvifvmp&m @Sdw,f ? a&m*g@SdwJh

ae&mrSm odyfonf;qtifrwefjuD;wJh trJwHk;juD; ay:vmrSm_zpfw,f ? qufusifh oGm;&if; wu,fh udk

a&m*guif;a&;-usef;rma&;tqifh a&mufvmwJh tcg / tcdk;awG[m w_znf;_znf; t0ga&mif oef;vmrSm

_zpfw,f ? a@Sh qufusifh oGm;wJh tcg wu,fh udk a&m*guif;vmawmh rSm_zpfw,f ? tcdk;awGvJ @Sdawmh

rSm r[kwfzl; ? Edkh _zLa&mif cE<mt_zpfudk a&muf@SdvmrSm _zpfw,f ?

256

'Dawmh tcdk;awG @Sdaeao;&if a&m*gvJ @Sdaewkef;qdkwJh oabmaygh ? usifh juHolyDyD-

u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh tcdk;awGudk bmvkyfzdkh vJ ? udk,fcE<mudk oefh pifoGm;&rSm _zpfavawmh um /

aemufusdwJh tcdk;awGudk bmvkyfzdkh ,lae&OD;rSmvJ ? usdef;ao,lvdkh r_zpfzl; ? tcdk;vdkcsifwJh vlqdkwm

tcdk;tqifh rSm @Sdaewkef; ? tcdk;tqifh rSmqdkawmh tcdk;taumif;tqdk; rcGJwwfzl; ? 'Dt_zpf r@Sdzl; ? oifh

cE<m"mwfvHk;v,fu tcdk;tppfawGudkawmh ,if;uxdvdkh wdkh vdkh &rSm r[kwfzl; ? tJ[dkrlvtcdk;awGqdkwm

uawmh usifh juHtm; aumif;olwdkh rSom xdvdkh wdkh vdkh &rSm _zpfw,f ? udk,fay:u aemufusdwJh tcdk;awG

usawmh / cdk;ayapaygh / juD;us,fwm vdkufvdkh ? u|efawmfqdk&if usifh aewkef; tcdk;awG oGwfcsif&if

awG;vdkuf@HkeJh Adkufuazmif;vmygava&m ?

Þawmufß *dk%f;taeeJh rwfwwfusifh pOfudk cH,lxm;ovdk / Ak'<*dk%f;taeeJhvJ

Þtcdk;awGudkvufeJhoJh_yD;OD;xdyfuaexnhf_cif;ßudk cH,lxm;w,f? pjum0VmjuD;xJrSm "mwfcdk;awGqdkwm

'if;jurf;_ynfh aewm / wpfaehvHk; xnfhygav ? (avmifukef;) trSwfae&mudkzGifh / (ydkifa[Gh ) trSwfae&m

udkzGifhxnfhygav / tm@Hkudk "mwfvHk;v,frSmxm;^yD; / vufeJh oJh,lygav / ceuav; eJh _ynfh vmrSm

_zpfw,f ? b,fh avmufjuD; _ynfh aeae bmtoHk;usrSm vJ ? wcsdKh qdk&if tcdk;usifh wm rsm;vmwJh tcg /

vufacsmif;uav;awGa&m / udk,fcE<myg yGwufvmovdk cHpm;rdwwfjuw,f ? olh tem; _zwfoGm;wJh

tcg cGifwpfck @Sdaeovdk cHpm;rdwwfjuvdkh / Þatmifr,f / usifh wm w,f[kwfygvm; ß qdk^yD; wcsdKh u

csD;rGrf;juw,f ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f / bmrS[kwfwm r[kwfzl; ? pGrf;tifrSr&Sdwm ? tcdk;usifh aewmyJ

r[kwfvm; ? tcdk;awG b,fh avmufrsm;aeae / pGrf;tifudk tpm;xdk;vdkh b,f&rvJ ? tcdk;usifh wJh

&nf@G,fcsufu udk,fcE<mxJu tcdk;awGudk t_yifu aumif;wJhtcdk;awGeJh vJypfzdkh / cE<moefh pifapzdkh

_zpfw,f ? tcdk;awG avSmifxm;^yD; bmvkyfrvJ ? 'Dtqifh rSm @Sdaeavawmh um / oifh taeeJh

t&if;t_rpfuae a_ymif;vJrvmcif / tcdk;awG[m pGrf;tif_zpfvmrSm r[kwfzl; ? oifh taeeJh tcdk;awGudk

b,fh avmufjuD; cdk;,laeae / tcdk;xkyfjuD;t_zpfom usa&mufae&rSm _zpfw,f ? bmtoHk;usrSmvJ ?

pGrf;tif_rifh 0wÔKt_zpf ul;a_ymif;rSrvmwm ? 'gh ajumifh bmajumufaep&mvdkvJ ? tcdk;awGudk wu,fh

udk cdk;r,fqdk&if / cdk;ayapaygh ?

wpfqdwfpOf;pm;junhfjuprf;yg. oifh udk,frSm tcdk;awG @Sdae&if / a&m*gvJ @SdaerSm

_zpfw,f ? 'Dawmh cdk;wJh tcg / oifh a&m*gtcdk;awGudkyg cdk;oGm;rSmr[kwfvm; ? olh taeeJh u vHk;vHk;udk

rcGJwwfyJudk; ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh tcdk;vdkcsifolawG[m tcdk;tqifh rSm _zpfjuvdkh bmtpGrf;tprS

@Sdwmr[kwfzl; ? pGrf;tif@SdolawGuawmh tcdk;awGudk b,f,lrvJ ? 'guawmh wpfxpfcsaygh? r,Hk&if

257

u|efawmfwdkh prf;junfh jupdkh ? vlwpfa,mufu oifh tcdk;awGudk wu,fhudk cdk;csifaew,fqdkyg awmh /

oiftJ'DrSm &yfae / cdk;ayapaygh ? oifh tcdk;awGudk olu aemufuae cdk;wJh tcgrSm / oifu udk,fh cE<mudk

pjum0VmxJu "mwfcdk;awGeJh oGwfaew,fvdkh tm&Hkxm;aeaygh ? oifjunfhprf; b,fh avmufaumif;

vdkufovJvdkh ? oifh cE<moefhpifa&;udk ydk_refvmaprSm _zpfw,f ? udk,fh[mudk,fawmif ÞoGif;-xkwfß

ÞoGif;-xkwfß vkyfvdkrSmr[kwfawmhzl; ? olh pdwfurormwmu wpfajumif; / olrsm;[mudk

cdk;wmuwpfajumif; / raumif; wmudk cdk;rdwJh wdkifatmifvJ tusifh od=m ysufpD;&muswmu

wpfajumif;wdkhajumifh / olh yg&rDukodkvf awGudk oifh udkay;&rSm_zpfw,f ? b,fvdkvJqdkawmh

'Dbufuae oifh tcdk;awGudk,l / [dkbufuae oifh udkyg&rDukodkvf awG ay;eJh [m / [efusvdkufrvJvdkh?

tcdk;cdk;wJh vlu rodvdkh / od&ifvm; b,fvkyf&JyghrvJ ?

tcdk; cdk;olrSef&if rsufESm_ymESrf;ESrf; _zpfaewwfjuw,f / 'DyHkpHrsdK;awGcsnf;yJ ? yef;^cHoGm; ^yD;

tcdk;usifh pOf usifh olrsm;pGmwdkh [m a&m*guif;a&;twGuf usifh aejuwm_zpfw,f ? olwdkh udk,fay:rSm

bma&m*grqdk @Sdaejuwm ? a&m*gukwJh tcg a&m*gtcdk;awGudk twwfEdkifqHk; xkwfypfju&wm ? tcdk;cdk;

oluawmh xkwfypfzdkh aeaeomom / a&m*gtcdk;awGrSefor# tukefusHK;,lrSmcsnf; _zpfavawmh /

wpfudk,fvHk; b,f&p&m @Sdawmh rvJ / cE<mudk,fxJrSmawmif rnf;csdyfaewm ? olh taeeJh u yg&rD

ukodkvfawG wqHk;wnf; qHk;ae&avawmh um / t_yifuyg rnf;vdkufvma&m ? tukodkvfcGifu

juD;vmae / yg&rDukodkvfawGuvJ qHk;yg;vmae&avawmh um / twGif;t_yif ESpf&yfpvHk; rnf;vdkufvm

aewmaygh ? rdrdudk,fay:rSm ckvdka_ymif;vJr+ _zpfvmaerSef; / yg&rDukodkvfawGudk olrsm;udk ay;ae&rSef; /

ckavmuf EHkrdkufwmrsdK;udk vkyfaerdrSef; odvmr,fqdk&if / b,fvlu qufrdkufaeOD;rSmvJ ?

tcdk;eJh ywfoufvdkh wcsdKh u odyf_yD;wmh *rBD&qefqefa_ymaevdkufjuwm ra_ymeJh awmh ?

oifu tar&duefrSm qdkygawmh / u|efawmfv$wfvdkufwJh tcdk;awGudk oif&vdrfh r,f ? eH&Ht_yifuapmifh

ae / u|efawmf xkwfv$wfwJh tcdk;awGudk oif&vdrfh r,fwJh ? wcsdKh u tm@HkcHtifrwefxufwm /

tcdk;v$wfvdkufwmeJh w^ydKifeuf olu&wmyJ ? tJ'Dtcdk;awGu 'D[if;vif;_yifrSm oGm;aewm r[kwfyJ /

'd_yif[if;vif;_yif rSm oGm;aewm_zpfw,f ? 'd_yif[if;vif;_yifrSmu / tJ'Dae&mrSm eH&HrSr@SdyJudk; ? wcsdKh

tcdk;usifh pOfq&mwdkh taeeJh a_r_yefh rSm tcdk;xkwfv$wfwmusawmh oifbm_yKvdkh cHpm;r+r@SdovJ ?

'd_yif[if;vif;_yifrSmu tJ'Dae&mrSm tum@Sdaewmudk; ? 'gh ajumifh tcdk;qdkwm vlawGa_ymaeju

oavmuf azmufxGif;EdkifpGrf; 'davmuf@SdvSwmrsdK; r[kwfyg?

258

od'<durS wu,fh udk ta&;ygt&ma&mufwm ? usifh oltaeeJh od'<day:vmwJh tcgus&if /

tcdk;awG @SdaerSmr[kwfawmh zl; ? pGrf;tif_rifh 0wÔKwpfrsdK; ay:vmrSm_zpfw,f ? 'dAýp=KeJh junfh &if

tvif;a&mifwpfrsdK;_zpfw,f ? vlh udk,fay:udkv$wfvdkufwJhtcg yl@Sdrf;@Sdrf;cHpm;&rSm_zpf^yD; / omrefvlwdkh

tay: wdkuf@dkuftxdef;tcsKyf _yKEdkifpGrf;@Sdw,f ? 'gayrJh a&m*gukEdkif&nft_ynhft0r@Sdao;zl; /

tcsKyftxdef; avmufom _yKEdkif&nf@Sdw,f ? a&m*gwu,f aysmufapcsif&if / pGrf;tif@SdrS ? a&m*grSef&if

xdyfwdkufpGrf; tifawG @Sdaejuwmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? tvGefh tvGef ao;i,fvSwJh avmu"mwfi,ft_zpfrSm

/ pGrf;tifwdkh u tEkpdwf_rLwdkif;[m / oifhyHkoGifeJh wax&mwnf;csnf;_zpfw,f ? ,if;[m

vludkodEdkifpGrf;@Sdw,f/ todOm%f@Sdw,f / pGrf;tif_rifh 0wÔKvJrnfayw,f ? ,if;wdkh udk cdk;oGm;^yDqdkygawmh

/ ,if;wdkh u tJ'DrSm aeaeEdkifrSmwJh vm; ? b,faervJ ? udk,fh [mr[kwfwmawGudk b,frSmxm;xm; /

b,fxm;vdkh &rvJ ? wu,fwrf;usifholrSef&if / pGrf;tifay:vmolrSef&if q&mocifwdkh u tkyfxdef;

aejuwmcsnf;_zpfw,f / juyfrwfaejuwmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? olrsm;[m ,lr,fqdk&if olh q&mocifu

b,fjunfh aervJ ?

tcdk;qGwf,l_cif;

tcdk; cdk;_cif;wdkh / tcdk; qGwf,l_cif;wdkh qdkwm[m / u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh tqifh _rifh rSm usifh

pOf_zefh &mrSm trsm;wumwdkh udk a_z@Sif;ay;rJh _y\em r[kwfzl; ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh u|efawmfh tzdkh

&nf@G,fcsufwpf&yf@Sdaeao;vdkh _zpfw,f ?tJ'guawmh usifh juHa&;eJh ywfoufvdkh *k%fqnfay;oGm;zdkh /

aumif;r+_yKoGm;zdkh _zpfw,f ? t&ifu a_ymrJh vlr@SdwJh raumif;wJh t_cif;t&mwdkh udk u|efawmfxkwfa_ym

oGm;zdkh pDpOfxm;w,f ? 'grS trsm;wumwdkh taeeJh o@kyfoueftrSefudk odvmjurSm ? 'grSvJ vlwcsdKh udk

raumif;r+usL;vGef& oufomaprSm_zpfw,f ? tcdk;usifh pOf o@kyfoueftrSef rodjuolwdkhudkvJ/

usm;tajumif;jum;&_yDqkdwmeJh ajumufacs;ygwwfwJht_zpfrsdK;uae uGswfvGwfvmaprSm_zpfw,f/

259

pjum0VmjuD;&Jh "mwfcdk;awGqdkwm vdkcsifoavmuf ,lygav ? rdk;-tzdk"mwfwdkh / blrd

tr"mwfwdkh qdkwmudk wcsdKh u a_ymaejuw,f ? oifvJyJ pjum0VmjuD;xJu tpdwftydkif;wpf&yfyDyD /

oGm;_yD;awmhomqGwfygav / cl;ygav ? 'gayrJh wcsdKh uawmh pjum0VmjuD;xJu "mwfcdk;awGudk

qGwfcl;wmr[kwfyJ / tyifawG&Jh tcdk;awGudk b,fodkh b,fyHk qGwfjucl;juqdk^yD; txl;wvnf

oifay;aejuw,f ? ay:yvmyif&Jh tcdk;u t_zLa&mif / xif;@l;yif&Jh tcdk;u t0ga&mif ponf_zifh tawGh

tjuHKawGawmif aygif;csKyfoHk;oyf^yD;ae^yD ? ^yD;awmh b,fodkh b,fyHk qGwfjucl;jub,ftcsdefrSm

qGwfjucl;juqdkwm awGvJ ygvdkufao;w,f ? wcsdKh u b,fvdka_ymovJqdkawmh / usKyftdrfa@Sh rSm

opfyifwpfyif@Sdw,f ? olh tcdk;awG u|efawmfqGwfcl;wm aooGm;ygava&mwJh ? 'gbmtpGrf;tpwJh vJ ?

'graumif;wm vkyfwmr[kwfvm; ? trsm;odwJh twdkif; u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh wu,fwrf; usifh ju&mrSm

/ t_yKowif; tcsuftvufwdkh udk ta&;xm;juwm r[kwfvm; ? pjum0Vm*k%fowWdxl;eJh

wpfom;wnf; _zpfa&;udkta&;xm;juwmr[kwfvm; ? 'Dawmh oifh taeeJh arwWm*@k%myGm;ygrS

awmfayr,f r[kwfvm; ? opPm-arwWm-c÷Dudk ESvHk;oGif;_yD; 'Dpjum0Vm*k%fowWdxl;eJh wpfom;wnf;

_zpfatmifusihf&mrSmpdwfaumif;apwema&Shxm;&rS_zpfw,f?oifuraumif;wmawGcsnf;av#mufvkyfae

avawmh / od'<dwufEdkifrSmwJhvm; / a&m*guif; EdkifrSmwJhvm; ? u|efawmfwdkh usifholawGeJh zDvm_zpfr

aebl;vm; ? 'gvJ toufowf&m / 'kp@dkuf usL;vGef&m uswmaygh ? wcsdKh uvJ a_ymaumif;a_ymjuvdrfh

r,f ? ÞcifAsm;[mu a_ymav a_ymav *rBD&qefav ? wd&ðmefowfvJ toufwmwJh/ tyifawG

aoukefvJ toufowfwmwJhß? pifppfawmh um 'Dtwdkif;yJav ? oHo&mvnf_cif;qdkwmudk

Ak'<bmomxJrSm a_ymaejuw,fr[kwfvm;? oHo&mvnf&mrSm oifhtaeeJh tyif_zpfaumif; _zpf&rSm ?

Ak'<bmomxJrSmu ckvdka_ymaejuwmaygh? u|efawmfwdkh 'DrSmuawmh ckvdka_ymaep&mrvdkawmhzl;av?

'gayrJh opfyifawGvJ touf@SdwmyJ ? touf@Sd@Hkru / tifrwef _rifwJhawG;qEkdif&nfvJ

@Sdaejuw,fqdkwmudk u|efawmfwdkh u trsm;wumwdkh udk a_ymxm;tyfygw,f ?

Oyrm_y&&if / tar&duefu vlwpfa,muf[m tDvufx@Gefepfokawoevkyfief;rsm;udk

txl;wvnf vdkufpm;&if; / rkom;azmfxkwfpuf oHk;yHkoHk;enf;udk oifay;aew,f ? wpfaeh rSm bmpdwf

ul;aygufvmrSef; rodygzl; ? rkom;azmfxkwfpuf&Jh tpGef;ESpfckudk e*g;yifrSm oG,fxm; vdkuf^yD; / t_rpfudk

a&avmif;ay;w,f ? rkom;azmfxkwfpuf&Jh tDvufx@GefepfuavmifwHu / rsOf;auG;wpfrsdK;

t_refqGJ_yvmwmudk olawGh &w,fwJh ? tJ'Dvdk rsOf;auG;rsdK;[m tifrwef wdkawmif;wJh tcsdeftwGif;

OD;aESmufxJrSm tm;wuf_cif; / 0rf;om_cif; _zpfay:wJh tcg ay:vmwJh rsOf;auG;rsdK;eJh wax&mwnf;

260

zpfaewmudk awGh &w,fwJh ? tyifawGvJ tm@HkcHpm;r+@Sdyguvm;qdk^yD; olthH jordwmaygh ? ÞtyifawG[m

tm@HkcHpm;r+@Sdjuoa[h ß qdk^yD; vrf;ay:xGufatmfrdrwwf _zpfcJh&w,fwJh ? tJ'DudpPuae vrf;pay:vm

wmeJhtr# 'DbufrSmokawoe_yK&if; prf;oyfr+awG trsm;juD;vkyfvmcJhw,fwJh?

wpfcgu opfyifESpfyifudk twlpDxm;^yD; / opfyifwpfyifudk aemufwpfyif&Jh a@Sh rSmwif olh

ausmif;om;wpfa,mufudk eif;acseif;owfcdkif;w,f ? usefwJh tyifudk tcef;xJ,loGm;^yD; / rkom;

azmfxkwfpufeJh oG,fxm;vdkufw,f ? olh ausmif;om;ig;a,mufudk t_yifuae wpfa,mufpD

wpfa,mufpD tcef;xJudk 0ifcdkif;w,f ? a@Sh uausmif;om;av;a,muf0ifvmwJh tcg / bmrSwHkh _yefr+

r@Sdzl; ? yóra_rmufausmif; om;tvSnfh vJusa&m / ckeuopfyifeif;owfwJh ausmif;om;tvSnfh

a&mufvdkh txJvJ0ifvma&m / tem;awmif ra&mufao;zl; / tDvufx@GefepfuavmifwHu csufcsif;yJ

rsOf;auG;wpfrsdK; t_refqGJ_yvmyg ava&m ? vlawGtaeeJh ajumufwJh tcgrsdK;rS ay:vmwwfwJh rsOf;auG;

rsdK;aygh ? olodyftHh jooGm;wm aygh ? 'DudpPu tifrwef ta&;juD;wJh _y\emwpf&yfudk _yaewmudk; ?

vlqdkwm tqifh _rifh owW0gyDyD-tm@HkcHpGrf;&nf@Sdw,f / cGJ_cm;od_rifpGrf;&nf @Sdw,f / OD;aESmuf@SdwmeJh tr#

qef;ppfpdwf_zmEdkif&nf @Sdw,fvdkh u|efawmfwdkh wav#mufvHk; cH,lvmcJh juw,f ? tyifawGtaeeJh b,fh

eJh ajumifh cGJ_cm;od_rifEdkifae&ovJ ? tm@HkcHt*Fg @Sdaeajumif;udk ck_yae^yD r[kwfvm; ? t&ifuom

tyifawG[m tm@HkcHt*Fg@Sdjuw,f / tawG;tac: @Sdjuw,f/ tm@HkcHpm;r+@Sdjuw,f / vludkodEdkifw,fvdkh

qdk&if t,lonf;wmvdkh ta_ymcH&rSm ?'gawGwif b,fuOD;rvJ ? wcsdKh ae&mrSmqdk&if u|efawmfwdkh

uaeh vlawGxufawmif omaeovdkyJ ?

wpfaeh rSm rkom;azmfxkwfpufudk tyifwpfyifrSm qufvdkuf^yD; / bmprf;oyfr+ vkyf&&if

aumif;rvJ ? olh t@Gufudk rD;@d+h junhf &if b,fvdkaervJvdkh pOf;pm;ae@Hk @Sdao;w,f / @d+h awmifr@d+h

&ao;zl; ? tDvufx@Gef epf uavmifwHu rsOf;auG; wpfrsdK;udk t_refqGJ_y vmw,f ? vlawGtaeeJh

Þu,fawmfrlyg ß vdkh atmfwJh tcgrsdK;rSm qGJ_ywwfwJh rsOf;auG; rsdK;aygh ? ckvdktm@HkcHvGefpGrf;&nfudk

t&ifu pdwfcsif;qufoG,fpGrf;tifvdkh ac:w,f ? vlwdkh &Jh wdrf_rKyfpGrf;&nf / yifudk,fpGrf;&nf_zpfw,f ?

'gayrJh uaeh vlom;awGrSmawmhqkwf,kwfvmaejuw,f ? oifhtaeeJhudk,fh yifudk,fZpf_rpftppf

trSefqDudka&m / oaE<ygADZqDudkyg _yefa&mufEdkifatmif _yef^yD;awmh usifhygrS 'DpGrf;&nfudk

_yef&vmrSm_zpfw,f ? oluawmh @SdESifh ^yD;om; ? oifbmpOf;pm;aeovJqdkwmudk oltukefodaew,f ?

jum;vdkuf&rS_zifh tifrwef*rBD&qefaygh/ 'gayrJh 'DudpPuawmh 'dõ"rRudk_zpfwJh odÑHprf;oyfr+ _zpfw,f ?

261

wma0;-ta0;xdef; pGrf;tiftygt0if / olh taeeJh prf;oyfr+awG trsdK;rsdK;vkyfjunfh w,f ? olh pmwrf;udk

xkwf_yefvdkufwJh tcg / wuÝmvHk;udk *,uf&dkufcwfoGm;apcJh w,f?

u|efawmfwdkh EdkifiHtygt0if t_ynf_ynfu @k=aA'ynm@Sifrsm;[m 'DbufrSm okawoe

_yKaejuw,f ? 'gt,lonf;wm r[kwfawmh zl; ? u|efawmf[dkaeh u a_ymcJh zl;w,f ? uaeh u|efawmf

wdkh vlom;wdkh awGh juHKaeju& / wDxGifcJh ju / awGh @Sdju&wmawG[m / ypP=ausmif;oHk;pmtkyfawGudk

_yifzdkh aumif;aumif;vHkavmufae^yD? 'gayrJh / tpOftvm t,ltqwdkh &Jh *,ufajumifh / trsm;wumwdkh

taeeJh todtrSwf r_yKcsifjuzl; ? 'gawGudk pepfwus pDpOf_yKpkcsifwJh ykídKvfrsdK;vJ ay:rvmao;zl; ?

ta@Sh a_rmufydkif;e,frSm / xif;@SL;yifwpftkyf yef;^cHwpf^cHxJrSm aoukefwmudk u|efawmf

awGh &w,f ? vlwcsdKh [m bmusifh rSef; rodygzl; / a_ray:rSm vl;ju vSdrfh juw,f ? vl;vSdrfh ^yD;wJh tcg

a_caxmufeJh wpfrsdK;-vufeJh wpfzHk tcdk;awG qGwfjucl;juwm / tJ'Du xif;@SL;yifawG[m rjumcif

0gukef / aoukefjuygava&m ? 'Dawmh 'gaumif;wmvkyfwmvm; / raumif;wm vkyfwmvm; ?u|efawmf

wdkh w&m;orm;@+a'gifh uae a_ym&r,fqdk&if / 'gtoufowf_cif;aygh ? oif[m usifh juHol_zpf&if

vlaumif;wpfa,muft_zpf &yfwnfae&rSm _zpfw,f ? pjum0Vm*k%fowWdxl;eJh wpfpwpfp wpfom;

wnf;_zpfvmatmif tm;xkwfoGm;&rSm_zpfw,f/ raumif;wmawGudk c|wfypfoGm;&rSm_zpfw,f ?

omrefvlwdkh &Jh @+a'gifh uae junfh wJh wdkifatmifvJ / okp@dkuf _yK&mruszl; ? bHkypPnf;udk zsufqD;&m /

pdrf;vef;pdka_ya&;udk zsufqD;&m / ZD0v=%m nDr#a&;udk zsufqD;&m rusvm; ? b,f@+a'gihf ujunhf

junhf okp@dkuf_yK&m ruszl; ? pjum0VmjuD;xJrSm "mwfcdk;awGqdkwm _ynfh vdkh ? judKufoavmuf

qGwfygav / cl;ygav ? wcsdKh qdk&if usifh wm wpfpHkwpfckaomtqifh udk a&mufvmwmeJh tr# / tpGrf;tp

tawmfuav; @Sdvm^yDrdkh / vufwpfcsufavmuf a0Sh &rf;vdkuf@HkeJh / tyifawGu tcdk;awG trsm;juD;

ygvmygava&m ? 'gayrJh tcdk;qdkwm tcdk;yJ _zpfavawmh um / b,fh avmufjuD; rsm;rsm;pm;pm; cl;cl; /

bmtoHk;usrSmvJ ? wcsdKh uvJ yef;_cHudkoGm;^yD; bmrSvkyfwmr[kwfzl; ? ÞusKyfbmrS usifh aep&m rvdkzl; ?

wpfzufuav#muf&if; wpfzufu vufudkupm;@HkeJh ^yD;a&m ? tcdk;&&if awmf^yDß wJh ? tcdk;udk pGrf;tifvdkh

xifaewmudk; ? olh tem;uae _zwfav#mufrdwJh tcg / olh cE<mat;pdrfh pdrfh _zpfaewm udk

cHpm;rdwwfjuw,f ? tyifawG&Jh tcdk;qdkwm tr"mwfr[kwfvm; ? usifh juHolwdkh taeeJh u zdk"mwf-

r"mwf nDr#&rSm r[kwfvm; ? olh udk,fay:rSmuawmh xif;@SL;qDehH a[mifaewmyJ ? olh [moluawmh

[kwfvS^yDvdkh xifaewmaygh av ?

262

udk,fusifh rS udk,f&rSm

udk,fusifh rSudk,f&rSmqdkwJh y\em[m tifrwdtifrwef y"meuswJh_y\em_zpfw,f ?

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tzdkh *,uftawmfh udkjuD;vdkh vJ_zpfw,f ? ordkif;pOfwav#mufrSmawmh b,folrS xkwfra_ym0Hh juzl; ?

xkwfa_ymcGifh vJ r_yKyJudk; ? 'Daeh usawmh u|efawmfra_ymyJ aevdkh r_zpfawmh zl; ?

wcsdKhom;wynfhwdkh ua_ymjuw,f ? Þq&mjuD;vD[kefjunf a_ymwmawG[m tcGef;wdkif;

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c|wfaewmudk; ? trsm;wumwdkh tay: wm0ef,l&rSm _zpfwmeJh tnD / wu,fvJ wm0ef,lEdkif wmrdkh vdkh /

tmumv#dKh 0SufcsufawGudk aygufjum;ap&m ruszl; ? wm0efrJh pGm aygh aygh wefwef av#mufa_ym&if

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zGifh a_ymawmh r,f ? udk,fusifh rSudk,f&rSmqdkwJh _y\emaygh ? u|efawmfh t_rift& a_ym&&if /

ordkif;tqufqufu Ak'<*dk%f; / Þawmufß *dk%f; / qef;ju,f*dk%f;wdkh tygt0if / tvHk;pHkaom usifh pOfwdkh

[m omrnrlvewf (omrntodpdwf) udk usifhay;juwmcsnf;_zpfw,f / omrnrlvewf

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263

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u|efawmfwdkh ac:aewJh omrnrlvewfaygh ? odewfom wu,fao&if / oifawmh wu,fh udk

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ae&if ^yD;a&m ß wJh ? u|efawmfh tbdkh a_ym&&if oem;p&maumif; vdkufygbdawmh ? 'gayrJh

oem;aep&mawmh vJ b,f[kwfrvJav ?

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axmufvdkufw,fqdk oabmaygufwmyJ ? wcsdKh usawmh vJ b,fhavmufjuD; a_ymaeae / ,Hkudkr,Hkzl;/

264

csJh um;aewmawGcsnf;vdkh xifaerSm ? pdwf&nf pdwfaoG;usifh juzdkh u|efawmfwdkh ckavmufawmif

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omrefvlawGjum;u {ueftrSefudk vufqkyfvufudkif_zpfwJh 'DtusdK;uav;awGurS vufawGh uswm /

'guav;awGurSyJ [efwmvdkh olwdkh xifaeju wmudk; ? q&ma[mwJhw&m;awGu,kwWd,kwWmawmh

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omrnrlvewfuawmh 'd_yif[if; vif;_yifu _rifuGif;awGudk awGh ae& _rifae&w,fav? 'ghajumifh /

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twlwlyJr[kwfvm; ? tukefoifcsnf;yJ[m ? b,fol&& / &wmyJr[kwfvm;ß

tukefoif&wmcsnf;yJr[kwfvm; vdkholwdkhu qdkwmaygh/

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_yefxGufvmygava&m ? 'gu _rif&wmrsdK;udk a_ymwm ?

r_rif&&ifom^yD;awmh oem;zdkh aumif;aygh ? bmrSudkrod&&Smbl;aygh/ ESpfem&Davmuf

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265

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q&mocifh taeeJh u olh wynfh 0ãfajuG;uHajuG;awGudk tukefav#mfypf Edkifavmufatmif pGrf;&nfrS

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_yefvmr,f / igh udk apmifh aeaemf ß vdkh qdk^yD; xGufoGm;a&m ?

q&mocifh taeeJh oloGm;&if bmawGb,fvdk_zpfvmvdrfh r,fqdkwmudk odyg&ufeJh /

tJ'Dvdk vkyfudkvkyf&@Smw,f ? 'Dawmh raumif;qdk;0g;u vmacsmufygava&m / tvSr,f zefqif;^yD;

_zm;a,mif;vmygava&m / trsdK;rsdK; prf;wmaygh ? omrnrlvewfwdkh taeeJh o@kyfoueftrSefudk

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a_rmufvmrSm _zpfw,f ?

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acs ß vdkh qdkw,f ? *E<m&DvSnfh &wm tawmfh udk cg;oD;wm ? vlh tzGJh tpnf;xJrSm av#mufoGm;&if;

xrif;[if;tvSLcHpm;&? vltrsdK;rsdK;eJhjuHK&rSm_zpfwJhtav#muf oa&mfcH&r,f / tqJqdkcH&r,f /

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oabmxm;^yD; / vlawGeJh qufqHr+udk rSefatmif udkifwG,fw,f / pdwfudkEdkifatmif xdef;w,f ?

266

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omrntodpdwf _yefvma&m ? olvJ _yefa&mufvma&m / olh y"merlvewfvJ t^idrf;"mwf&aewnf_idrf

aewJh t_zpfuae xGufvmyga&m ? y"metodpdwf Edk;vmyga&m ?

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cHpm;&wm enf;wmrS r[kwfyJudk; / ysdKvGifb0wpfckvHk;vHk; / tJ'DrSmcsnf; xdkifaecJh &wmudk; ? omrefvlwdkh

&Jh tcsdefumvawG ukefqHk;ukef&rSudk; ? 'Dawmh b,feJh vkyfrvJ ? t^idrf;"mwf&ae wnf_idrfaewJh t_zpfu

ae xGufvmwJh tcg / pGrf;tif@SdvmrSef; olcHpm;rdvmw,f ? pGrf;tif@Sdvmawmh / a&m*gukcsifvm w,f ?

vkyfcsifwmudk vkyfEdkifvmw,f ? omrnrlvewfu olh udk auseyfa&mifh &JaprSm_zpfw,f ? bm_yKvdkh

vJqdkawmh / olu y"merlvewf_zpfwmudk; / cE<mudk,fudk y"merlvewfu tkyfxdef;aewmudk;?ol^yD;rS

^yD;wmudk; ? ^yD;awmh 'DESpfaygif;rsm;pGmtwGif;rSm / olh 'Db0wpfckvHk; tJ'DrSmcsnf; xdkifvmcJh &wm

r[kwfvm; ? 'DvluG,fvGefawmh rS / omrnrlvewfvJ oGm;a&m / udk,fh c&D; udk,fpDESifjuaygh ?

Ak'<bmomt& a_ym&&if / oluawmh oHo&m vnfoGm;&OD;rSm_zpfw,f ? olh udk,fay:rSm

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_zpfEdkifwmaygh ? 'Dawmh usifhwmawG tcsnf;ESD; r_zpf&ayvm; ?

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267

t_ypfwifae&OD;rSmvJ ? vlawG[m ckavmufawmifudk rsufpdvnf vrf;rSm;_zpfaevdkufjuwm ?

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pdwftaeeJh od'<d& ,&rSm _zpfw,fvdkh oifuqdkwdkif; / tJ'Dvdk _zpf&a&mwJh vm; ? b,folu cGifh _yKwmvJ ?

'guawmh 'Dvdkav ? 'Dae&mrSm tajumif;tcsufwpf&yf @SdESifh ae&rSm_zpfw,f ? trsm;odwJh twdkif; /

u|efawmfwdkh 'Dusifh pOfu omrefvlh wdkh&Jh vlhtzGJh tpnf;udk a@SmifraeyJ usifh w,f ? yãdy=awGudk

a@Smifraezl; / xGufvJra_y;zl; ? omrefvlwdkh &Jh 'D@+yfaxG;wJh ywf0ef;usifrSm / oihftaeeJh

owdjunfvifae&rSm_zpfw,f? tusdK;t_rwfeJh ywfoufvdkh txif;om;tepfemcHae&rSef; aumif;

aumif;od&ufeJh / cHEdkif&nf@Sd&rSm_zpfr,f ? udk,fusdK;tydkifpD;cH&wJh tcgrsdK;rSm wzufom;eJh/ zuf_zpfwm

rsdK;awGudk a@Smif&r,f ? trsdK;rsdK; pdwftaESmifh t,SufcHvm&wJh tcgrsdK;rSmvJ / epfemcHEdkif&nf @Sd&r,f ?

ckvdk'k=rsm;vSwJh ywf0ef;usifrsdK;rSm / oifhtaeeJh rdrdZGJowWdudk oHcJwifay;oGm;&r,f / rdrdpdwf&nf

pdwfaoG;udk _rSifhwifay;oGm;&r,f ? omrefvlwdkh&Jh raumif;wJh tawG;tac:trsdK;rsdK;wdkh &Jh

*,ufawGjum;uae u|wfEdkif&r,f / vGwfEdkif&r,f ?

trsm;pOf;pm;junhf juprf;yg / tod@Sif;vif;_ywfom;pGm 'k=cHae&wm oifr[kwfvm; ?

tzdk;tc ay;ae&ol[m oifh y"merlvewf r[kwfvm; ? omrefvlawGjum;rSm oifqHk;@H+;wmawG[m

aumif;aumif;odae&ufeJh qHk;@H+;cHaewm r[kwfvm; ? 'Dawmh 'Dod'<dudk oif&oifh &xdkufwmaygh /

b,folqHk;@H+;cH&&if b,fol&@Sd&rSm _zpfwmudk; ? 'gh ajumifh u|efawmfwdkh 'Dusifh pOftaeeJh omrefvlwdkh &Jh

'D@+yfaxG;wJh ywf0ef;usifeJh uif;uGm_cif;r_yKyJ usifh juHtm;xkwfaewm 'Dtajumif;ajumifh aygh ?

u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh bm_yKvdkh omrefvlwdkh &Jh yãdy=awGjum;rSm usifh aeju&ovJ ? u|efawmfwdkh u

udk,fh [mudk,f od'<d&ju&rSmrdkh vdkh udk; ? aemiftcsdef_ynfhom;wynhfwdkhtaeeJh ausmif;wkdufawG rSm

usifhaeju&mrSm omrefvlawGjum;oGm;_yD; *E<m&DvSnfh ju&rSm_zpfw,f?

wcsdKh uqdkw,f ? ypP=rSm 'd_yifusifh pOfawGvJ omrefvlawGjum;rSm usifh aejuwmyJ

r[kwfvm;wJh ? rSefw,f/ 'gayrJh 'Dusifh pOfawGu a&m*guif;a&;-usef;rma&;awGcsnf; _zpfw,f ?

268

wu,fwrf; tqifh _rifhqDusifha&;eJh ywfoufvdkh / wpfOD; wpfa,mufcsif;pD oifay;juwmuvGJvdkh /

b,folrS twdtvif; _zefhcsDwm&,fvdkh r@Sdzl; ?wynhfawGudk wu,fwrf; vufxyf_yay;olwkdhu

qdk&ifvJ / wynfh awGudk oihf&mac:oGm;^yD; usifh ay;aeju^yD_zpfw,f ? ESpfaygif;rsm;pGmtwGif; 'grsdK;awGudk

y&dowftjum;b,foltwdtvif; a_ymzl;vdkhvJ ? a_ymrJhvl r@Sdzl; ? u|efawmfwdkh usifh pOfuom

ckvdka_ymaewm _zpfw,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh u|efawmfwdkh u ckvdkusifh pOfrsdK; _zpfaevdkh udk; / ckvdkod'<d

aygufju&rSmudk; ? wcsdefwnf;rSm u|efawmfwdkh usifhpOfu axmifeJh aomif;eJh csDae@HkomruwJh[mawGudk

/ oifh y"merlvewfudk,fay: tukefcsay;oGm; rSm _zpfw,f ? oifh udk wu,fh udk udk,fh [mudk,f

od'<daygufaprSm_zpfw,f ? u|efawmfh taeeJh twdwf u b,folrS rvkyfzl;ao;wJh udpPwpf&yfudk

vkyfaeajumif; / tjuD;qHk; wHcg;rjuD;udk zGifh ay;xm;ajumif; u|efawmfa_ymzl;w,f ? u|efawmfh

'Dpum;udk wcsdKh u em;vnfjuw,f ? u|efawmfa_ymwm[m *rBD&qefwmrsdK; awGwu,fhudk r[kwfyg ?

u|efawmfh 'Dvlu tusifh wpfck@Sdw,f ? udk,fh rSm q,fayavmuf@Sd&if wpfayavmuf a_ymavh @Sdw,f ?

tJ'gudkawmif juGm;wmvdkh qdk&ifvJ @Sdapawmh aygh ? pifppf ckxkwfa_ymaewmawG[m

enf;enf;uav;om _zpfw,f ? ydkxGãf_rufeufeJwJh w&m;awmfjuD; awGusawmh / tqifh csif;

uGmvGef;vSvdkh / u|efawmf wpfpufuav;awmifrS tv#if;udk xkwfa_ymvdkh r_zpfwm ?

u|efawmfwdkh 'Dusifh pOfuawmh ckvdkusifh aewm_zpfw,f ? oifh udk,fYtaeeJh udk,fh

[mudk,f wu,fwrf; od'<dayguf&rSm_zpfw,f ? 'guÝmOD;u tpcsDwJh vlom;wdkh &Jh ordkif;pOfwav#muf

rSm OD;OD;zsm;zsm;qHk; ckvdk_zpfvm&wm_zpfw,f / [kwfr[kwfqdkwm ordkif;udk oifppfjunfh ygav ?

aumif;wmu oifh udk,fYtaeeJh od'<dayguf&rSm_zpfw,f ? 'gayrJh cufvdkufwmuawmh vJ vGefa&m ?

omrefvlwdkh &Jh @+yfaxG;wJh ywf0ef;usifua&m / vlvlcsif; pdwfcsif;yGwfwkdufaejuwJht_zpfrsdK;uyg / oifh

taeeJh xD;xD;rm;rm; xdk;xGufvmEdkifzdkh qdkwm tcufqHk;aygh ? cufqdk omrefvlwdkh &Jh tusdK;awGjum;rSm /

udk,fh taeeJhodae&ufom;tepfemcHae&rSmudk; ? ^yD;awmh rdrdta&;juD;udk,fusdK;eJh ywfoufvmwJh

tcgrsdK;rSm / oifhtaeeJh tm@HkrysufbJ aeEkdifrvm;? wpfa,mufeJh wpfa,muf Om%feDOm%feufqifju

cGufapmif;ckwfjuwJh tcgrsdK;rSm / aqGrsdK; rdwfo*F[awG 'k=cHju&wJh tcgrsdK;rSm / oifhtaeeJh pdwft

aESmihft,Sufr_zpfrdbJaeEkdifrvm;?oifb,fvdkcsdefxdk;E+dif;,SOfjunhfrvJ? w&m;orm;vkyf&wm ckavmuf

udk cufwm ? vlwpf a,mufu u|efawmfh udk b,fvdka_ymovJqdkawmh / Þq&m / omrefvlawGjum;rSm

vlaumif;_zpf&if awmfa&maygh / b,folusifh wufoGm;EdkifrSmvJ ß wJh ? u|efawmf_zifh wu,fh

udk ,lusHK;r& _zpfrdvdkufwm ra_ymeJh awmh / wpfcGef;rS _yefra_ymyJ aerdw,f ? pdwfaepdwfxm;awGqdkwm

269

b,fvdk[mrsdK;rqdk &Sdwmaygh ? olhtaeeJht&nfvnfEdkif oavmuf vnfay awmh av ?

t&nfvnfolawG &juayawmh ?

Þawmufß (vrf;ajumif;) qkdwm vkdufvkdh&wmrsdK;_zpfw,f? omrefvrf;ajumif;rsdK;awmh

r[kwfayzl;ß vdkh (avmifZD) uqdkw,f ? a_ray:rSmukef;aumufvdkuf@HkeJh usifh ^yD;pwrf;omqdk&if

/ ,if;vJ tzdk;wefrSm r[kwfawmh zl; ? u|efawmfwdkh 'Dusifh pOfu yãdy=awGjum;rSm oifh udk udk,fh

[mudk,f od'<daygufaprSm_zpfw,f ? 'gh ajumifh u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh twwfEdkifqHk; omrefvlawGeJh

[yfrdju&rSm _zpfw,f ? @kyf0wÔKt&mrSmawmh bmrSwu,fwrf;qHk;@H+;&rSmr[kwfzl; ? 'gayrJh

'D@kyf0wÔKywf0ef;usif rSm udk,fhpdwf&nfpdwfaoG;udkÕrifhwifay;oGm;&rSm _zpfw,f ? vG,fvdkufwmuawmh

ckvkdudk vG,faewm? uGsefawmfwdkh 'DusihfpOfu tvG,fqHk;yJaygh/ vlhabmifuxGufaep&mrvdkyJ /

omrefvlawmxJ rSmwif usifh vdkh &avmufatmif tvG,fqHk;_zpfwm ? 'Dawmh tcufqHk;qdkwmuvJ

'Dae&mrSm cufaewm aygh ? omrefvlwdkh &Jh t@+yfaxG;qHk; ywf0ef;usifrSm usifh oGm;&rSmudk; ? 'gayrJh

taumif;qHk;vdkh qdk_yefawmh vJ ckavmufudk taumif;qHk; _zpfaevdkufwm ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh oifh

udk,fYudk od'<daygufaprSmrdkh vdkh udk;? 'guawmh u|efawmfwdkh 'DusifhpOfu y"metusqHk;tydkif;vdkh

qdk&rSmaygh ? uaeh u|efawmf tukefxkwfa_ymvm^yD ? rSefw,fav ? y"merlvewf

tukefod'<dwwfaeawmhum / omrnrlvewfvJ od'<dwuf&rSmaygh ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh / oifh

cE<mudk,fu cyfodrf;aom owif;tcsuftvufawG-ouf@SdawG-uvmyfpnf;awG od'<daygufju

avawmh um / olvJ od'<dayguf&rSmaygh ? 'gayrJh b,fvdktcgrsdK;rSmrqdk oifh avmuf _rifh rSm r[kwfzl; ?

oifu y"me_zpf^yD; / oluawmh w&m;apmifh _zpfaerSm_zpfw,f ?

a_ymvmwm 'Dae&ma&muf^yD _zpfavawmh / u|efawmfenf;enf;avmufxyfa_ym&OD;r,f ?

u|efawmfwdkh usifh juHa&;avmurSm tqifh _rifh qD wufvSrf;vdkolawGqdkwm enf;wmr[kwfzl; ? olwdkh

crsm ae&mwum oGm;_yD;w&m;&Smjuw,f/ aiGukefjuwmvJrenf;zl;/ a&mufwJh

ae&mawGqdkwmESHhvdkhaygh ? 'gayrJh q&maumif;orm;aumif;udkawmh wpfa,mufrS rawGh

@Smzl; ?q&maumif;orm;aumif;vdkh qdk&mrSm / emrnfjuD;wdkif;vJ q&maumif;orm;aumif;

ppfcsifrSppf_zpfrSudk; ? tqHk;usawmh aiGukef vlyef;om tzwfwif&^yD; / vufAvmeJh _yefvmju&wJh

t_zpfrsdK; qdkufaeju&wmuvm; ? 'davmuf aumif;wJh usifh pOfudk uaeh u|efawmfwdkh u oifwdkh udk

xkwfay;vm^yD / u|efawmfu oifh vufxJ xdk;ay;vm^yD ? tdrfwkdif&ma&muf ydkhay;vmae^yD ? oifh taeeJh

usifh Edkifrusifh Edkif / _zpfEdkifr_zpfEdkif qdkwmudk junhf &awmh rSmaygh ? _zpfEdkifr,fqdk&if oifusifh oGm;ygav ?

270

r_zpfEdkif&if / rusifh Edkif&ifawmh / a@Sh qufusifh oGm;zdkh rjuHaveJh awmh ? raumif;qdk;0g;awGu oifh udk

vSnfh pm;jurSmuvGJvdkh / b,folurS oifh udkoifay;jurSm r[kwfzl; / a@Sh qufusifh oGm;zdkh rjuHaveJh

awmh ? u|efawmfh taeeJh oifh udk c|wfr&&if / b,folrS oifhudkc|wfvdkh&awmhrSm r[kwfzl;rSwfyg ? pifppf

ckaetcgrSm / wu,fh w&m;rSefq&mocifhqDrSmwynhfcHzdkh juH&if / rdk;ay:wuf&wmxufawmif

cufae^yDrSwfyg ? apmihfa&Smuf tkyfxdef;rJh ol tv#if;udk @SdrSr@Sdawmh yJudk; ? "rRtqHk;umvjuD;rSm /

tifrwef_rifh wJh tqifh awGawmif uyfqdkufaeju&avawmh um / omrefvlawGudk b,fvSnfh junhf

tm;rvJ ? 'g tvG,fqHk;

usifh pOf_zpfw,f / ^yD;awmh pjum0Vm*k%fowWdxl;eJh tnD wdkuf@dkufusifh aewmvJ_zpfw,f ? pdwfudk OD;

wnf usifhaewmeJhtr#/ usihf&wm t_refqHk;/ twGifus,fqHk; _zpfayw,f?

Þtmumwpfywfc&D;ß

Þawmufß *dk%f;rSm Þtmumwpfywfc&D;pOfjuD;-i,f ß wdkh tajumif;udk a_ymaeju w,f ?

Þtmumwpfywfc&D; ß qdkwm bmvJqdkwmudk u|efawmfwdkh @Sif;_yr,f ? a,bl,stm;_zifh u|efawmfwdkh

a_ymaejuwJh Þtmumwpfywfc&D; ß qdkwmu / &ifh (Ren) eJh wl (Du) aoG;ajum avajumESpfckudk

qufay;vdkuf_cif;udk qdkvdkwm_zpfw,f ? 'D Þtmumwpfywfc&D; ß [mty,durdkh /bmrSa&a&&m&m

[kwfwmr[kwfzl; ? a&m*guif;a&;-usef;rma&;avmufom_zpfw,f ? ,if;udk Þtmumwpfywf

c&D;pOfi,f ß vdkh ac:w,f ? aemuf Þtmumwpfywfc&D; ß wpfrsdK; @Sdao;w,f ? Þtmumwpfywf

c&D;pOfi,f ßvdkhvJ rac:zl; ? Þtmumwpfywfc&D;pOfjuD; ß vdkh vJ rac:zl; ? bm0empD;_zef;&if;usifh wJh

Þtmumwpfywfc&D; ßtoGifwpfrsdK;_zpfw,f ? udk,fcE<mxJrSm (eD0rf) uae ywf^yD; qif;oGm; /

"mwfvHk;v,fa&mufwJh tcg _yef^yD;awmh ywfwufvm ? ckvdkcE<mwGif; vSnhf ywf _cif;[m / wu,fh udk

bm0emyGm;&if;usifh wJh Þtmumwpfywfc&D; ß _zpfw,f ? ckvdkÞtmumwpfywfc&D; ß _zpfay:vmwJh

aemufrSm / tifrweftm;aumif;wJh pGrf;tifpD;ajumif;wpfckvJ ay:vmrSm _zpfw,f ? ^yD;rS aoG;avajum

rSefor# tukefyGifh vmapatmif / ,if;u &meJh csDwJh aoG;avajumawGudk wygwnf;

OD;aqmifv+yf@Sm;vmrSm _zpfw,f ? Þawmufß *dk%f;u Þtmumwpfywfc&D; ß udk tm@Hkxm;juw,f ?

Ak'<bmomuawmh 'Dvdkr[kwfzl; ? Ak'<bmomu bmudktm@Hkxm;juovJ ? @SifawmfowsrkedtaeeJh

271

w&m;_zefh pOf / usifh pOftajumif;udk xkwfa_ym_cif; r_yKcJh zl; ? 'gayrJh olh usifh enf;taeeJh uvJ olh

ul;a_ymif;a&;eJh olaygh ? Ak'<bmomu aoG;avajumwdkh u b,fvdkoGm;yHkrsdK;vJ ? wmpl&mydkifa[Gh

trSwfae&mudk t_ynhft0aygufap-yGihfap_yD; OD;xdyfuaeatmufudk c@kywfoÐmefqif;vm ?

aemufqHk;us rS &meJh csDwJh aoG;ajumavajumawGudk wyg wnf; tukefyGifh vmaprSm _zpfw,f ?

v#dKh 0Sufusifh pOfu A[dkaoG;avajumqdkwmvJ 'DoabmyJ ? wcsdKh u qdkw,f ?

A[dkaoG;avajumqdkwm r@SdygyJeJh / b,fh ES,fajumifh v#dKh0Sufusifh pOftaeeJh 'DA[dkaoG;avajum

ay:vmatmif usifh Edkif&ovJwJh ? pifppf vlh udk,fay:u aoG;avajumawGudk tukefaygif;vdkuf&if

aomif;csDae@Hkwifb,fuyghrvJ? aoG;ajumawGvdk @+yf,Sufcwfaewm ? aoG;ajum awG xufawmif

rsm;ao;w,f ? twGif;t*FgawGjum;rSm aoG;ajumawGr@SdayrJh / aoG;ajumavajum awGuawmh

@SdaewmyJ ? OD;xdyfuae udk,ft*Fg tpdwftydkif; t&yf&yftxd / a'gifvdkuf-tvsm;vdkuf

a&maxG;,Sufwifaewmaygh ? ,if;wdkh udk qufvdkuf&if/ tpawmh / a_zmifh csifrS a_zmifh rSm ?

aygufatmifazmuf&if; w_znf;_znf; us,fvm^yD; / rwfwwfaoG;avajum_zpfvmrSm _zpfw,f ?

'DaoG;avajumudk 0ef@dk;t_zpf udk,fh zmom vnfap_cif;tm;_zifh / wa_y;nD vnfae&rSm _zpfwJh

tm@HkxJu pjumwdkh udk twlvnfvmaprSm _zpfw,f ? &nf@G,fcsufuawmh udk,fay:u

aoG;avajumawGudk tukefyGifh vmapzdkh _zpfw,f ?

u|efawmfwdkh "rRpjumw&m;awmfusifh pOfrSmawmh / aoG;avajumwpfajumwnf;uae

&meJh csDwJh aoG;avajumawGudk wpfygwnf;v+yf&Sm;vmapzdkh_zpfwJhenf;udka@Smifw,f ? p, pcsif;qdkovdk

&meJh csDaewJh aoG;avajumawGudk _ydKifwlyGifhvm _ydKifwlv+yf&Sm;vmaprSm_zpfw,f ?u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh

u wpfcgwnf;qdkovdk edrfh wmawGudk a@Smif^yD; / tifrwef_rifh wJh tqifh rSm usifh oGm;jurSm_zpfw,f ?

aoG;avajumwpfajum wnf;eJh &meJh csDwJh aoG;avajumawGudk tukef wpfygwnf;v+yf&Sm;vmapzdkh eJh

ywfoufvdkh / oifhtaeeJh ,if;wdkhudk tukefyGihfvmapzdkh juH&if wpfoufusifhOD;awmh / Øtrav;× ae&@Hk

avmufom tzufwifae&rSm ? wcsdKh qdk&ifvJ ESpfaygif;q,faygif; rsm;pGm usifh,l&rSm _zpfw,f ?

tifrwefh udk cufaygh ? wpfoufavmuf usifh@HkeJh aygufa_rmufEdkifrSm r[kwfqdkwmudk usifh pOfrsm;pGmwdkh

rSm a_ymaejuw,f ? tqifh _rifh usifh pOfwdkh rSm usifh aejuolrsm;pGmwdkh taeeJh touf&SnfapEdkifw,f?

touf&Snfa&;udk olwdkh usifhaejuw,f r[kwfvm; ? olwdkhtaeeJhoufwrf;@Snfatmifvkyf̂ yD; usifh

oGm;Edkifjuw,f ? umvjumanmif;pGm usifh oGm;ju&rSm _zpfw,f ?

272

Þtmumwpfywfc&D;pOfi,f ß qdkwmu ta_ccHtm;_zifh a&m*guif;a&;-usef;rma&; _zpf^yD;

/ Þtmumwpfywfc&D;pOfjuD; ß usawmh / od'<dusifh &m usvm^yDaygh ? wu,fh udk usifh juHtm;xkwf&m

usvm^yDaygh ? Þawmufß *dk%f;rSm a_ymaejuwJh Þtmumwpfywfc&D;pOfjuD; ß qdkwmu u|efawmfwdkh

avmuf r_yif;zl; ? u|efawmfwdkh [mu aoG;avajumawG wpfcsDwnf; tukefyGifh ukefjuwm / olwdkh

[muawmh / vuf@Sd zdk"mwf oHk;vdkif;-r"mwf oHk;vdkif;wdkhuae / a_cz0g; atmufudkqif; / ^yD;rS

a_caxmufESpfzufuae qHyiftxd wufcJh ju / wpfudk,fvHk; wpfywfywfrdwmudk

Þtmumwpfywfc&D;pOfjuD; ß ywfrd_cif;vdkh qdkw,f ? Þtmumwpfywfc&D;pOfjuD; ß pvm^yDqdk&if /

wu,fwrf;usifh &musvm^yD_zpfw,f ? 'gh ajumifh tcdk;usifh pOfq&mwcsdKh u Þtmumwpfywfc&D;pOf

juD; ß udk _yray;juawmh zl; ? a&m*guif;a&;-usef;rma&;avmufudkom olwdkhuay;aew,f ? wcsdKh u

awmh vJ Þtmumwpfywfc&D;pOfjuD; ß eJh ywfoufvdkh a_ymjuyg&Jh ? 'gayrJh oifh udk,fay:udk bmrScsray;

juzl; ? oifhtaeeJh udk,fh [mudk,f b,fzGifh vdkh &rvJ? bmrScsray;yJeJh / udk,fh zmom tm@HkeJh zGifh zdkh qdkwm

b,fvG,frvJ ? udk,fvufavhusifhcef; vkyfovdk_zpfaerSmrdkh / yGifhvmEdkifrSmwJh vm; ? Þusifh zdkh u udk,fh

zufu / od'<du q&mocifh zufußqkdovdk ? 'DtwGif; Þ,÷&m; ßawGudk oifh udk tukefcsay;ygrS /

ckvdktusdK;oGm; rsdK; ay:vmEkdifrSm_zpfw,f ?

acwftqufqufwpfav#mufvHk; Þawmufß *dk%f;u vlh cE<mudk pjum0Vmuav;t_zpf

oabm xm;vmcJh w,f ? pjum0Vm[m t_yifu b,fh avmufjuD;&if / txJuvJ b,fh

avmufjuD;aewmyJ ? t_yifu b,fvdkyHkrsdK;qdk&if / txJuvJ b,fvdkyHkrsdK;yJvdkh olwdkh cH,lxm;juw,f ?

ckvdkt_rifrsdK;[m pOf;pm;&cufovdk / em;vnf&rvG,fovdkaygh ? pjum0VmjuD;qdkwm 'davmufjuD;

vSwm / vlh cE<mudk,feJh b,fh eJh vkyf,SOfEdkifrvJwJh ? ckvdkw&m;oabmwpf&yfudk u|efawmfwdkh

a_ym_yr,f ? uaeh u|efawmfwdkh @lyaA'ynmtaeeJh @kyf0wÔKrSmyg0ifwJh t&m0wÔKwdkh udk

okawoe_yKju&mrSm / armfvDusL; / t%k_rL / tDvuf x@Gef / y@dkwGef / uGgyfwdkh uae !lx&DEdktxd

okawoe_yKaejuw,f ? a@Sh qufpl;prf;oGm;&if b,fvdkaervJ ? t%kjunhf rSefa_ymif;xJrSm

bmrSr_rif&awmh zl; ? tvGefh tvGef ao;i,fvSwJh tEkpdwf _rLawG[m bmawGrsm; _zpfaervJqdkwmudk

rod&awmh zl; ? pifppf uaeh u|efawmfwdkh @lyaA'ynmtaeeJh em;vnfxm;wmuav;awG[m /

'Dpjum0VmjuD;xJu tao;qHk; tEkpdwf_rLuav;awGeJh ,SOfvdkuf&if / tvSrf;uGmvGef;vSwmudk

u|efawmfwdkh awGh &w,f ? vlawGtaeeJh rHocE<m r@SdwJh ta_ctaersdK;rSm / rsufpdeJh junfh wJh tcg /

273

yHkjuD;csJh vdkh &wmrdkh / avmu"mwfi,fudk _rifEdkifw,f ? tqifh _rifh av / avmu"mwfi,frSm

_rif&wmawGvJ juD;avaygh ?

olh tqifh rSm @Sifawmfousrkedu uÝmjuD;oHk;axmifoabmw&m;udk a[moGm;w,f ?

qdkvdkwmu 'De*g;aiGhwef;ju,fpkjuD;twGif;rSm /u|efawmfwdkh vlom;awGvdk rHocE<m@SdwJh vlawG@Sdaeju

w,fwJh ? oJwpfyGifh rSmckvdk uÝmjuD;oHk;axmif@Sdaeajumif;vJ a_ymoGm;w,f ? u|efawmfwdkh

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ywfaeyHk[m / aeudkA[dk_yK_yD; uÝmvHk;u vSnfhywfaeyHkeJh bmrsm;uGmvdkhvJ ? 'ghajumifh

@Sifawmfousrkedu / avmu"mwfi,frSm / oJwpfyGifh xJrSm uÝmjuD; oHk;axmif@Sdaeajumif; ?

pjum0Vmwpfckvdk txJrSm ouf@SdawG / @kyf0wÔKawG @Sdaeajumif; a[moGm;wm _zpfw,f ? wu,hfudk

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r[kwfvm; / 'Dawmh tJ'DoJawGxJu oJxJrSmvJ uÝmjuD;oHk;axmif@SdaewmyJ r[kwfvm; ? 'Dawmh

tJ'DoJxJrSm tusHK;0ifaewJh oJxJu uÝmjuD;oHk;axmifxJrSmvJ oJawG@SdaewmyJ r[kwfvm; ? a&Shquf

^yD;awmh om pl;prf;oGm;&if / ^yD;EdkifqHk;Edkifawmh rSm r[kwfzl; ? 'gh ajumifh wxm*wtqifh rSm /

@Sifawmfousrkedu ÞjuD;vdkuforS t_yifewÔd ? i,fvdkuforS twGif;ewÔd ß vdkh qdkwm _zpfw,f ?

juD;vdkuf orSqdkwmeJh ywfoufvdkh / pjum0Vm&Jh e,fpGefe,fzsm;udk _rifEdkifpGrf;r@Sd ? i,fvdkuforS qdkwmeJh

ywfouf vdkh / @kyf0wÔKwdkh &Jh tao;qHk;_rLudk _rifEdkifpGrf;r@SdwJh ?

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vdkh tcdk;usifh pOfq&mwpfa,mufu qdkw,f ? jum;vdkuf&rS_zifh *rBD&qefvGef;vSaygh ? u|efawmfwdkh

taeeJh odÑHynm@+a'gifh uae wu,fwrf;em;vnfjunhfju/ wu,fwrf; okawoe_yKjunhfjuwJh tcg

/ ckvdka_ymwm *rBD&qefwmr[kwfrSef;udk awGh ju&w,f ? [dkaeh u 'dAýp=KzGifh ay;wJh udpPeJh ywfoufvdkh

u|efawmfa_ymwkef;u / vlrsm;pGmwdkh taeeJh 'dAýp=KyGifh ju&mrSm / ckvdk_rifuGif;ay:vmrSm_zpfw,f ?

b,fvdkvJqdkawmholh ezl;@Sd 'Dvrf;ajumif;juD;xJrSm t_yifudk a_y;wJh tcg / tqHk;tpr@Sdvdkh xifrdvdrfh r,f ?

aeh pOfusifh wdkif; 'Dvrf;ajumif;juD;uae t_yifudk a_y;ae&mrSm / vrf;wpfzufwpfcsufrSm / awmawmif /

_rpfacsmif; awGudk awGh &w,fwJh ? _rdKh_yawGudkvJ _zwfoef;&/ vlawGtrsm;juD;udkvJ awGh &w,fwJh ? 'g

tm&HkarmufrSm;wm_zpfwmvdkh olxifaew,f ? 'gu b,fvdk_zpf&wmvJ ? 'guawmh'Dvdkavtxif;om;

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274

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b,furvJ ? oift_yifudk a_y;ygav / a0;vHvSygayh?

usifh juH&if; Þtmumwpfywfc&D;pOfjuD;ß tukefyGifh vmwJh tcg / usifh olwdkh taeeJh

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o,fywfjudK; _zpfvmrSm_zpfw,f ? ,if;vnfaepOf u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh tifrwefwdrfwJh tqifh rSm

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vmju&rSm_zpfw,f ? pdwfutcdk;awG tlawGqDudk a&mufoGm;vdkuf / tonf;utcdk;awG tpmtdrfqD

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[mawG _zpfrSef;udk / avmu"mwfi,frSm awGh &EdkifrSm_zpfw,f ? 'DpGrf;tif o,fywfjudK;udk cE<mty

xkwfvdkuf&if / o,faqmifpGrf;tifaygh ? pGrf;tif tifrwef oef&if tifrwefjuD;wmawGudk o,fEdkifrSm

_zpfw,f / Þo,faqmifpGrf;tifjuD; ß vdkh ac:wmaygh ? pGrf;tif tifrwefaysmh &if tifrwefi,f

wmawGudk o,fEdkifrSm_zpfw,f ? Þo,faqmifpGrf;tifav;ß vdkh ac:wmaygh ? o,faqmifpGrf;tifqdkwm

ckvdktoGifrsdK; eJh ckvdk_zpfay:vmwm_zpfw,f ?

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rSm_zpfw,f ? b,fvdk[mrsdK;vJqdkawmh / << ewfodjum; twÔKywWd>> wdkh vdk a@S;pmtkyfawGrSm _zpfap /

<<wwfvHk;usrf;>> / <<w&m;usrf;awmf>> / << &kyfemrfvrf;n$efawmf >> wdkh vdk a@S;usrf;awGrSm_zpfap / Þ

aeh cif; ajumifawmifysH_cif; ß qdkwmrsdK;udk awGzl;aumif; awGhzl;jurSm_zpfw,f ? aeh cif;juD;ajumif

awmif 'DvlysHEdkifvm_yDqdkwJh oabmaygh ? pifppfu|efawmfa_ymr,f ? Þtmumwpfywfc&D;pOfjuD; ß yGifh

wmeJh w^ydKifeuf / ysHEdkif^yDom rSwfayawmh / tJ'Davmufudk vG,fwm ? ckavmufESpfrsm;pGm usifh vmcJh

275

juwm / Þtmumwpfywfc&D;pOfjuD;ßaygufolawGqdkwm enf;rSmr[kwfvdkh wcsdKh u awG;aumif;

awG;rdjurSm _zpfw,f ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f ? 'Dt_zpfa&mufolawG b,fESpfaomif;avmuf @Sdae^yDvJqdk

wm twwfra_ymwwfygvdkh qdkOD;awmh / *rBD&qef&musrSm r[kwfzl; ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh Þtmum

wpfywfc&D;pOfjuD;ß qdkwmu usifh ptqifh om @Sdao;vdkh_zpfw,f?

'g_zifh 'DvlawGavxJrSm vGifh arsmju / a_r_yifuae ysHwufjuwmudk bm_yKvdkh rawGh

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tpnf;toGifudkvJ aygh aygh wefwefzsufqD;vdkh r_zpfzl; ? aygh aygh wefwef a_ymif;ypfvdkh r_zpfzl; ?

vlawGtukef rdk;ay:rSm ysHaevdkh _zpfrvm; ? vlh tzGJh tpnf; [kwfOD;rSmwJh vm; ? 'gu y"me_zpfw,f ?

aemufwpfzufu a_ymr,fqdk&ifvJ / omrefvlawGjum;u vlawGqdkwm vlvkyfzdkh r[kwfzl; / udk,fh

yifudk,f Zpf_rpftppf trSefqD _yefa&mufzdkh twGuf_zpfw,f ? 'gh ajumifh todpdwf _y\em @Sdaeao;w,f ?

vlawGtrsm;juD; wu,fh udk ysHaejuwmudk awGh &&if olvJ usifh awmh rSmaygh ? todacgifracgifqdkwJh

_y\em b,f@Sdawmh rvJ ? 'gh ajumifh oifusifh wm aygufa_rmuf^yD_zpfayrJh / olrsm;awGudk aygh aygh

wefwef _rifapvdkh r_zpfao;zl; ? olrsm;awGudk vkyf_yvdkh r_zpfao;zl; ? olrsm;awGvJ usifh &OD;rSm_zpfw,f ?

'gh ajumifh Þtmumwpfywfc&D;pOfjuD;ß aygufvmwJhtcg /vufzsm;a_czsm;uav;awGudk _zpfap /

wpfae&m&mudk _zpf ap / aomh cwfxm;vdkuf@HkeJh / vGifh arsmvmEdkifawmh rSmr[kwfzl; ?

u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh Þtmumwpfywfc&D;pOfjuD; ß yGifh cgeD;wJh tcg / ta_ctaewpfrsdK;

ay:vmrSm_zpfw,f ? wcsdKh w&m;xdkifwJh tcg / udk,fcE<mu a@Sh udk !$wfaewwfw,f ? 'guawmh

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r[kwfawmh zl; ? 'gayrJh taoawmh vJ b,f[kwfrvJ ? a,bl,stm;_zifh tpGef;ESpfbufrSm pGrf;tift

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trsdK;orD;awGvJ tpGJr@Sdjuzl; / pGrf;tifay:vG,fwmaygh? xdef;xm;&vJ vG,fwmaygh ? a,muFsm;awG /

txl;o_zifh t&G,faumif;olawGusawmh pGrf;tifay:vmwJhtcg/ juGm;_ycsifwmrsdK;udk a@Smifvdkh

vG,fwmr[kwfzl; ? wcsdefwnf;rSm omrefvlawGjum;rSm t^ydKiftqdkifvkyfwJh vufeufud&d,m t_zpf

toHk;_yKaumif;_yKjurSm_zpfw,f? 'Dawmhb,f_zpfrvJ ? ay:vmvJ aomh cwfxm;&rSm _zpfw,f ?

276

wpfae&mudk aomh cwfvdkuf@HkeJh vGifharsmEdkifawmh rSm r[kwfzl; ? ckvdkt_zpfrsdK;udk tjuGif;rJh tay:rcH

wmrsdK;vJ r[kwfzl; ? oifh udk prf;cGifh _yKaumif;_yKrSm_zpfw,f ? wcsdKh udk qdk&ifvJ xdef;odrf;xm;cGifh

ay;aumif;ay; oGm;rSm_zpfw,f ?

t^rdKh ^rdKh te,fe,frSm oifjum;ydkh cs&mrSm / ckvdkt_zpfrsdK;awG _zpfcJhzl;w,f ? u|efawmf

pef;wkef; (Shandong) rSm oifwef;ay;wkef;u / junfeef(Jinan) ua&m / yDuif;uyg oifom;awGtygt

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vGwfawmh rvdkvdk_zpfwwfw,f? tdrfrSm tdyfwJh tcgvJ / avxJ vGifh arsmvmwwfw,f/ apmif̂ cHKxm;vJ

vla&mapmifyg ylazmif;vdk tay:ysH wufvmwwfw,f ß wJh ? auGh ,ef(Guiyang) rSm

oifwef;ay;wkef;uvJ / auGh judK;(Guizhou) u oifom;a[mif; wpfa,muf-tzGm;juD;wpfa,mufaygh?

tcef;xJrSm ukwifESpfvHk;udk eH&HwpfzufpD uyf^yD; cif;xm;w,f ? ukwifay:rSm w&m;xdkifaewkef; /

avxJarsmovdk cHpm;rdwmeJh / rsufpdzGifh junhf vdkufwJh tcg / [dkbufu ckwifay: a&mufaewm awGh

&w,fwJh? udk,fh ukwifudk _yefrSvdkh pdwful;ay:vmwJhtcg / udk,fh ukwifay:udk _yefa&mufae_yefa&mwJh ?

csdef;awmif (Qingdao) (^rdKh ) u oifom;wpfa,mufqdk&ifvJ / aeh vnfydkif; tvkyfem;csdef

tcef;xJ vlr@Sdwkef; ukwifay:rSm w&m;xdkifw,f ? xdkifvdkufw,fqdk&ifyJ tay:udk ysHwufvmyg

ava&m ? wpfrDwmausmfavmuf a&mufwJh tcg / _yefusoGm;ygava&m ? tJ'Dvdk wufvdkufusvdkufeJh

[m / apmifawmif atmufudkvGifh usukefygava&m ? aysmfp&mvdkvdk-ajumufp&mvdkvdk _zpfrdaew,fwJh/

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acgif;avmif;oHay:vm wJh tcg / Þvmjunhf jua[h / igysHEdkif^yD ß vdkh vkyfrSm ? vlawGtaeeJh ay:vGif

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_zpfw,f ? uaeh txdqdk&if / u|efawmfwdkh usifh ol &mcdkifE+ef;@Spfq,f / udk;q,favmuftaeeJh a&m*grJh -

wudk,fvHk;aygh yg;wJh ta_cudkqdkufaejurSm _zpfw,f ? wcsdefwnf;rSm / u|efawmfwdkh a_ymxm;wJh twdkif;

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277

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oifwdkh odvmjurSm _zpfw,f ? tckvdkudk _zpfvm&rSm pdwfomcs ? 'gh ajumifh u|efwmfwdkh

pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;vJ wufvmju^yDvdkh qdk&wm ?

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aemufuae wGef;ay;aeovdk cHpm;rdrSm_zpfw,f ? wdkufay:wufvJ b,fh avmuf_rifh _rifh armrSm

r[kwfawmh zl; ? tJ'Dvdk _zpf&rSm pdwfcs ? 'Dpmtkyfudkjunfh ^yD; udk,fh zmom usifh olwdkh taeeJh vJ / a&muf

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u|efawmftaeeJh 'DudpPudk vkyf&wmvJ vG,fwmrSwfvdkh / pjum0VmjuD;wpfckvHk;u0dkif;junfh aejuwm /

twdrf;tapmif;_zpfvdkh b,f_zpfrvJ ?

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ß aemufwpfrsdK;eJh zGifh ay;oGm;&OD;rSm _zpfw,f ? ÞrGef;vGJrsOf; Þtmumwpfywfc&D;pOfßvdkh ac:w,f / odwJh

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278

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zdk"mwf-r"mwfpyfajumif; (udk,fcEQma@Sh buf_crf;u r"mwf / ausmbuf_crf;u zdk"mwf) twdkif;

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tifrwef wefzdk;xm;aewmrdkh / vHk;vHk;udk xkwfra_ymyJaejuwm ? om;wynfh awGudk wu,fwrf;

vufxyfoif ay;rSom / 'D ÞrGef;vGJrsOf;-tmumwpfywfc&D; ß udk a_ym_ywm_zpfw,f ? u|efawmfxkwf

a_ym^yD _zpfayrJh / b,folrS tm@HkeJh OD;aqmifvdkh _zpfap-xdef;vdkh _zpfap oGm;rusifh juaveJh ? oiftJ'Dvdk

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vnfwm_zpfrSm ? ESpfzufpvHk; tukefvnfrSm_zpfw,f ?

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279

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ay;aerSm _zpfw,f ?

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c&D;ß yHktoGifrsdK;eJh / aoG;avajumwpfckwnf;eJh &meJh csDwJh aoG;avajumawGudk yGifh vmap_cif;tm;_zifh /

udk,fcE<mu aoG;avajumawGudk / @Sd@Sdor# aoG;avajumawGudk tukefyGifh vmapzdkh _zpfw,f ? 'DudpPudk

u|efawmfwdkh vkyfaeju^yD_zpfw,f ? qufusifh &if / tjuifoltaeeJh Þtmumwpfywfc&D;pOfjuD;ß twdkif;

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wm r[kwfzl; ? 'g_zifh b,ftqifhxdatmif usifh&rSmvJ ? vlhudk,fay:u &meJh csDwJh aoG;av ajumawG

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280

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^yD;awmh ouf@Sdrsm;pGmvJ ay:vGifvmju_yD _zpfw,f?

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vmrSmvJ _zpfw,f ? tifrwef odomwJh ta_ctaewpf&yf _zpfw,f ? p=Ktm@HkqGJaqmifr+vJ tifrwef

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a@Sh qufusifh oGm;&OD;rSm / a@Sh qufav#mufoGm;&OD;rSm ?

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281

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282

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283

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284

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285

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286

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287

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288

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_zpfw,f ? txl;o_zifh uaeh ,SOf^ydKifa&csdefuvJ_rifh / tm;upm;orm;awG ZumcscH&wmuvJ

rsm;avawmh um / olwdkh taeeJh yHkrSeftwdkif; _yef^yD;aejuxdkifju&_yefwmaygh ? 'gh ajumifh a_ymyavmuf

atmif xdcdkufyHkrsdK;awmh ray:zl; ? oabmw&m;t&junhf &if o@kyfouef trSefu 'Dvdkaygh ? olh taeeJh

udk,fcE<m oefoefpGrf;pGrf; @SdaerSm_zpfw,f ? 'gayrJh oufwrf;uawmh wdk&rSm _zpfw,f ? t_yifyef;u

junfhvdkuf&if q,fausmft@G,f tm;upm;orm;wdkh[m ESpfq,fausmft@G,f awGvdk_zpfwlaewwfju

w,f ? ESpfq,fausmft@G,fawG[m oHk;q,fausmft@G,fawGvdk _zpfaewwfjuw,f? tm;upm;orm;

awG[m t@G,fa&mufapmju / tdkpmjuw,fvdkh trsm;wumwdkhudk txifa&mufapw,f ?

289

taumif;tqdk;qdkwm 'GefwGJaewmrdkh / tEkyãdavmrenf;ususjunfh&rSmudk; ? pifppfolwdkh u ckvdkvrf;rsdK;

udk vdkufaejuwmav ?

tcdk;usifh pOfuawmh tm;upm; avh usifh r+eJh aumif;aumif; a_ymif;_yef_zpfaewmaygh ?

v+yf@Sm;r+t&mrSm _yif;_yif;xefxef v+yf@Sm;aep&m rvdkbl; ? v+yf@Sm;wJh wdkifatmifvJ nifnifom om /

aES;aES;auG;auG; 0dkif;0dkif;pufpufaygh ? tifrwefnifomaES;auG;wm ? ^yD;awmh rv+yfr,Suf_zpfae&

^idrfoufae&rSmvJ_zpfw,f ? trsm;odwJhtwdkif; / w&m;xdkif_cif;vdk usifhenf;rsdK;[m ^idrfae&wm ? ESvHk;

ckef_cif; / aoG;vSnfhywf_cif;wdkh vdk t&mcyfodrf;wdkh [m tukefaES; vmrSm_zpfw,f ? tdêd,_ynfu

a,m*q&mrsm;pGmwdkh [m a&xJrSm &ufaygif;rsm;pGm xdkifaeEdkifjuw,f ? a_rjuD;xJrSm &ufaygif;rsm;pGm

t_rSKyfcHEdkifjuw,f ? olwdkh[m rdrdwdkh udk,fudk t^idrf;"mwf&vmapatmif pGrf;aqmifEdkifjuw,f /

ESvHk;ckefE+ef;udkawmifrS xdef;Edkifjuw,f ? wu,fvdkh vlwdkh&Jh uvyfpnf;taeeJhwpfaehudk wpfjudrfuGJyGm;

w,fqdkygpdkh ? usifholwdkh taeeJhu ESpf&ufwpfjudrf-wpfywfwpfjudrf-v0ufwpfjudrf_zpfap / 'dxufru

umv@SnfjumpGmrS wpfjudrf_zpfap / uGJyGm;apaomf / oufwrf;wdk;vm &m rusayvm; ? 'grsdK;u pdwfudk

omusifh^yD; / cE<mrusifhwJh usifhpOfrsdK;om_zpfayrJh/ ckvdkt_zpfrsdK;udk a&mufEdkifjuw,f / oufwrf;@Snfap

Edkifjuw,f ? 'DawmhwcsdKh u Þvlh touf / vlh oufwrf;wdkh[m owfrSwfxm;^yD;om; r[kwfvm; ? cE<mr

usifhbJeJh b,fh ES,fajumifh touf@SnfEdkif&ovJß vdkh awG;rdaumif; awG;rdjuvdrfh r,f ? rSefw,f /

bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh / usifholwdkh taeeJholh tqifhu avmu(3)yg;udk ausmfvGefae^yDqdk&if / oufwrf;

@SnfEdkifaeju^yDaygh / 'gayrJh t_yifyef;u junhf &ifawmh tifrwef tdkpmwmaygh ?

wu,fwrf; cE<musifh wJh usifh pOfwdkh usawmh / pkaqmif;&@SdwJh pGrf;tif_rifh 0wÔKawGudk vlh

uvyfpnf;awGxJrSm odkavSmif^yD;&if; odkavSmifoGm;rSm_zpfw,f ? ,if;wdkh &Jh odyfonf;q juD;rm;

onfxuf juD;rm;vmapatmif pGrf;aqmifoGm;rSm_zpfw,f ? 'DvdkeJh omrefvlwdkh &Jh uvyfpnf;awGudk

wpfpwpfp txdef;tcsKyf_yKEdkifvm / w_znf;_znf; tpm;xdk;oGm;EdkifrSm_zpfw,f ? tJ[dktcgus&if t&nf

taoG; a_ymif;vJr+ _zpfay:vmrSmrdkh / 'Dvl[m xm0pOf ysdKvGifaeawmh rSm_zpfw,f ? rSefw,fav / usifh

juH_zpfpOfuawmh tifrwefaES;auG;wm / ay;&rSmawGuvJ enf;rSmr[kwfzl;aygh ? um,'k=p&d,ma&m /

pdwW'k=p&d,myg usifh &wm tifrwefh udk rvG,fwm ? wpfa,mufeJhwpfa,mufpdwfcsif; yGwfrdwdkufrd

juwJh tcgrsdK;rSm oifhtaeeJhpdwftaESmifht,Sufr_zpfrdbJ aeEdkifrvm; ? ta&;juD;udk,fusdK;eJh ywfouf

vmwJh tcgrsdK;rSm oifh taeeJh tm@HkrysufyJ aeEdkifrvm; ? 'DudpPawG[m vkyf&wm tifrwefcufwm ? 'gh

290

ajumifh yef;wdkifqdkwm udk,fa&mufcsifwdkif; a&mufEdkifwmrsdK; r[kwfbl; ? vlh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;wdkh /

udk,fusifh w&m;wdkh udk usifh ygrSom ckvdkyef;wdkifudk aygufa_rmufEdkifrSm _zpfw,f ?

vlrsm;pGmwdkh[m tcdk;usifhpOfudk omreftm;upm;avhusifhr+eJh wpfwef;wpfpm;wnf;

oabmxm;aewwfjuw,f ? pifppfuGm_cm;vdkuforS ra_ymeJhawmh / tv#if;udk rwlwm ? tedrfhqHk;

tqifh rSm tcdk;usifh wJh tcgrsdK;rSmom / udk,fcE<musef;rmatmif / a&m*guif;a&;-usef;rma&;usifhwJh

tcgrsdK;rSmom/ tedrfhqHk;tqifhu &nfrSef;csuf[m tm;upm;avhusifhr+eJh wlwJhtcsuf@Sdaewwfw,f ?

'gayr,fvdkh tqifh _rifh a&mufwJh tcg vHk;vHk;udk tJ'Dvdk r[kwfawmhzl; ? tcdk;usifh pOftaeeJh cE<moefh pif

a&;vkyfwm[mvJ &nf@G,fcsuf@Sd@Sdvkyfwm_zpfw,f ? ^yD;awmh usifh olwdkh udk omrefvlwdkh &Jh

w&m;oabmeJh r[kwfbJ / omrefvGefw&m;oabmeJh awmif;qdkoGm;&rSm_zpfw,f ? tm;upm;avh usifh

r+qdkwmuawmh omrefvlawGjum;u udpPom _zpfayw,f ?

tm@Hk

tm@HkeJh ywfoufvdkh a_ym&&if / u|efawmfwdkhvlawG&Jh tawG;tac: v+yf@Sm;r+aygh ?

OD;aESmufu tm@HkpGrf;aqmifr+eJh ywfoufvdkh usifhjuHavmutaeeJh b,fvdk_rifaejuovJ ? vlhtawG;

tac: (tm@Hk) wdkh &Jh rwlwJh toGifwdkh eJh ywfoufvdkh b,fvdk_rifaejuovJ ? ,if;wdkh taeeJh b,fvdk

ay:vGifaejuw,fqdkwmeJh ywfoufvdkh b,fvdk_rifaejuovJ ? acwfaq;ynmtaeeJh vlh OD;aESmufudk

okawoe_yK&mrSm / _y\emrsm;pGmudk a_z@Sif;_cif;r_yKEdkif _zpfaeju&w,f ? bm_yKvdkhvJqdkawmh /

udk,fcE<mtay:,Hu[mawGvdk vG,fwmr[kwfvdkh_zpfw,f? teufv$mrSma&m / rwlwJh [if;vif;_yifawG

rSmyg / rwlwJh toGifawG @Sdaevdkh _zpfw,f ? 'gayrJh vJ tcdk;usifh pOfq&mwcsdKh a_ymaejuovdkvJ r[kwf

bl; ? tcdk;usifh pOfq&mwcsdKh [m olh udk,fYudk,fu bmrSef;nmrSef; odwmr[kwfvdkh / oJoJuGJuGJ

@Sif;r_ywwfjubl; ? rdrdwdkh taeeJh OD;aESmufoHk;ju / tm@Hkay:vmjuwJh tcg / wpfckckudk vkyfEdkifvmju

w,fvdkh olwdkh u xifaejuw,f ? 'gajumifh rdkh vdkh vJ olwdkh u rdrdwdkh &Jh tawG;tac:uvkyfwm / rdrdwdkh

&Jh tm@Hku vkyfwmvdkh qdkaejuw,f ? pifppf olwdkh &Jh tm@Hkuvkyfwm tv#if;udkr[kwfzl; ?

vlh tawG;tac: b,fuvmovJqdkwmudk u|efawmfwdkh t&ifaqG;aEG;wif_yoGm;r,f ?

ÞpdwfuawG;_cif;ß qdkwJh pum;udk w@kwf_ynfrSm a@S;acwfuwnf;u oHk;vmcJh juw,f ? pdwfu

291

awG;_cif;vdkh bm_yKvdkh qdkovJ ? a@S;acwfu w@kwf_ynfrSm odÑHynm tifrwefxGef;um;wm ? bm_yKvdkh

vJqdkawmh ,if;u vlh cE<m / touf / pjum0Vmwdkh udk 'Jh 'dk;OD;wnf^yD; okawoe_yKjuvdkh _zpfw,f ?

wcsdKh uqdk&if pdwfuawG;aewmudk rkcsqwfqwf cHpm;rdjuw,f ? wcsdKh uawmh vJ OD;aESmufu

awG;aewmudk cHpm;rdjuw,f ? bm_yKvdkh ckvdkta_ctae ay:vm&ovJ ? olwdkh a_ymwJh pdwfu awG;_cif;

qdkwmvJ ,xmblwuswmbJ ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh omrefvlwdkh &Jh rlvewftaeeJh tifrwefi,f

wmudk u|efawmfwdkh awGh ju&w,f ? vlh OD;aESmufu xkwfv$wfwJh wu,fh owif;tcsuftvufawG

qdkwm / vlh OD;aESmufudk,fYu pGrf;aqmifay;wm / vlh OD;aESmufudk,fYu xkwfv$wfay;wm r[kwfbJ /

vlh rlvewfu xkwfv$wfay;wm_zpfw,f ? vlh rlvewfu eD0rf eef;awmf rSmwifaewm r[kwfbl; ?

Þawmufß*dk%f;u a_ymaewJh eD0rf eef;awmf qdkwmu acwfaq;ynmtaeeJh odae^yD_zpf wJh xif;@l;oD;yHk

udk,faygh ? wu,fvdkh rlvewftaeeJh ÞeD0rf eef;awmfß rSmqdk&if / OD;aESmufu pOf;pm;aewm / owif;

tcsuftvufawG xkwfay;aewmvdkh u|efawmfwdkh {ueftrSef cHpm;rdjurSm_zpfw,f ? wu,fvdkh

pdwfrSmqdk&if / pdwfu pOf;pm;aewmvdkh rkcsqwfqwf cHpm;rdjurSm_zpfw,f ?

vlh cE<m[m pjum0Vmuav;wpfck _zpfavawmh / usifh olwdkh &Jh ouf@Sdrsm;pGmwdkh taeeJh

ae&ma_ymif;wJh t_zpfrsdK; @Sdaumif;@SdaerSm_zpfw,f ? wu,fvdkh rlvewfae&ma_ymif;wJhtcg / Adkufudk

a&mufoGm;&if AdkufuawG;aewmvdkh {ueftrSefcHpm;rdrSm_zpfw,f ? a_covHk;eJh a_czaemifh a&mufoGm;&if

/ a_covHk;eJh a_czaemifh wdkh u pOf;pm;aewmvdkh cHpm;rdrSm pdwfcs ? jum;&rS_zifh tifrwef *rBD&qefaygh?

oifhtqifhr_rifh vSao;cif / ckvdk t_cif;t&mrsdK; @Sdaewmudk oifcHpm;rdrSm_zpfw,f ? vlh cE<mudk,ftaeeJh

rlvewfr@Sd&if_zpfap / oabmoum,wdkh / yifudkp@dkufwdkh / *k%fowWdwdkh r@Sd&if_zpfap / 'gawGomr@Sd&if

tom;wHk; wpfwHk;om _zpfaerSm ? ^yD;_ynfh pHkwJh yifudk,fykídKvf&nfay:vGifwJh vlwpfa,mufvdkh qdkEdkifrSm

r[kwfzl; ? 'Dawmh vlh OD;aESmufu bmawGpGrf;aqmifaeovJ ? u|efawmfh t_rift&a_ym&&if / u|efawmf

wdkh 'D@kyf0wÔK[if;vif;_yiftoGifrSm / vlh OD;aESmufqdkwm tacsmudkifpuf@Hkavmufomuswm ? wu,fh

owif;tcsuftvufawGuawmh rlvewfu xkwfv$wfwm_zpfw,f ? 'gayrJh olxkwfv$wfwmu

pum;r[kwfbl; / olxkwfv$wfwmu pjum0Vmowif;tcsuftvufwpfrsdK;_zpfw,f / wpfpHkwpf&m

aom t"dÑm,fudk udk,fpm;_yKaewm_zpfw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh OD;aESmufu ckvdktrdefh udk&wJh tcg /

u|efawmfwdkh &Jh ypP=pum;t_zpf / ckvdk_yotoGift_zpf tacsmudkifay;w _zpfw,f ? ,if;udk u|efawmf

wdkhu vuf[ef / rsuf[ef(rsufvHk;trlt&m)wdkh t&a&m / udk,f[efwpfckvHk;t&yg azmf_yvmjuwm

_zpfw,f ? OD;aESmuftaeeJh ckvdktcef;uom ygaewm_zpfw,f ? wu,fh trdefh / wu,fh tawG;tac:wdkh

292

usawmh rlvewfu xkwfv$wfaewm_zpfw,f ? vlawGuom OD;aESmufu wdkuf@dkufvGwfvGwfvyfvyf

vkyfaewmvdkh xifaewwfjuwm? pifppfawmhum / wcgwavrlvewfupdwfrSmaeaewm / 'Dawmh

wpfcsdKhu pdwfuawG;aewmudk wu,fhudk cHpm;rd juwmaygh ?

vlh OD;aESmufu xkwfv$wfvdkufwm[m v#yfppfvd+if;toGifvdk[mrsdK;_zpfw,fvdkh ckvlh

cE<mokawoe _yKaejuolwdkh u cH,lxm;juw,f ? wu,fxkwfv$wfwmu bmvJqdkwmudk tom

xm;OD; / ,if;[m 0wÔKwpfrsdK;_zpfw,fqdkwmudk olwdkh u todtrSwf_yKaeju^yD ? 'Dawmh t,lonf;wm

r[kwfawmh bl;aygh ? xkwfv$wfvdkufwJh ckvdk[mrsdK;u bmttusdK;oGm;ay: ? tcdk;usifh pOfq&mwcsdKh u

b,fvdka_ymovJqdkawmh / Þu|efawmfu tm@HkeJh a_ymif;Edkifa@$h Edkifw,f / tm@HkeJh oifh udk 'dAýp=K zGifh

ay;Edkifw,f / tm@HkeJh oifh udk a&m*gaysmufatmif ukay;Edkifw,fß wJh ? pifppf tcdk;usifh pOfq&mwcsdKh [m

udk,fh rSmbmpGrf;tif@SdaerSef; bmrSodjuwmr[kwfbl; / bmrSvJ em;vnfjuwm r[kwfbl; ? wpfckck

vkyfcsif&ifawG;vdkuf@HkeJh ^yD;aerSef; 'gbJolodw,f ? pifppfawmhum olhtm@Hk v+yf@Sm;wJhtcgrSm / pGrf;tifwdkh

taeeJh OD;aESmuftm@Hk&Jh xdef;csKyfr+atmufrSm / tm@Hk&Jh!$efjum;r+t& wdwdusus vkyfudkifaqmif@Gufae

juwm_zpfw,f ? olh tm@Hkudk,fYtaeeJh u bmwpfckrS vkyfEdkifwmr[kwfbl; ? usifh olwpfa,muftae

eJh twdtus wpfckckvkyfwJh tcg / olh pGrf;tifu tusdK;oGm;ay:aewm_zpfw,f ?

pGrf;tifqdkwmu vlh cE<mrSm wdrf_rKyfaewJh pGrf;tif_zpfw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh vlh tzGJh tpnf;

_zpfay:wdk;wufvmwmeJh trSs / vlawG&Jh OD;aESmuftawG;tac: @+yfaxG;onfxuf @+yfaxG;vmju /

vufqkyfvufudkif[mrsdK;awGudk ta&;xm;onfxufxm;vmju / acwfrSDud&d,mqdkwmawGudk tm;xm;

onfxuftm;xm;vmjuavawmhum / vlwdkh&Jh yifudk,fpGrf;&nfawG[m qkwf,kwfonfxuf

qkwf,kwfvm&ygava&m ? Þawmufß*dk%f;u udk,fhyifudk,fZpf_rpftppftrSefqD_yefa&;udk cH,lxm;ju

w,f ? usifhjuHtm;xkwf&mrSm opPmudk tpOfESvHk;oGif;xm;ju&rSm_zpfw,f ? aemufqHk;rSm oifh

rlvblwADZqD _yefa&mufatmif-udk,fh yifudk,fZpf_rpftppftrSefqD_yefa&;udk usifh oGm;ju&rSm_zpfw,f ?

'grSvJ oifh 'Dyifudk,fpGrf;&nfawG _yefay:vmEdkifrSm_zpfw,f ? cku|efawmfwdkhu pGrf;tifxl;vdkhac:aeju

w,f/ / pifppf vlhyifudk,fpGrf;&nfawGcsnf;_zpfw,f ? vlh tzGJh tpnf;[m wdk;wufaeovdk xif&ayrJh /

pifppfawmh aemuf _yefqkwfaewm_zpfw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh pjum0Vm*k%fowWdxl;eJh tvSrf;a0;onf

xufa0;vmae&w,f ? (vlodrsm;wJh Þewf@Spfyg;ß xJuwpfyg;) usef;udkavmiftaeeJh olh _rnf;uav;udk

aemuf_yefpD;wJh tajumif;[dkaehu u|efawmfa_ymbl;w,f ? bmt"dÑm,fvJqdkwmudk wcsdKhu em;vnf

csifrSem;vnfrSm ? a@ShoGm;aewm[m aemufqkwfaewm_zpfw,f / vlawG[m pjum0Vm*k%fowWdxl;eJh

293

tvSrf;a0;onfxuf a0;vmaeju &w,fqdkwmudk olawGh vmae&wmudk; ? pjum0VmzGHh_zdK;&ifhoefa&;

_zpfpOfrSm / txl;o_zifh ckvdka&mif;ukefpD;yGm;a&; 'Da&juD;xJa&mufvmwJh aemufrSm / vlrsm;pGmwdkh [m

tusifh pm&dwW tawmfh udk ysuf_ym;vmju w,f ? pjum0Vm*k%fowWdxl;_zpfwJh opPm-arwWm-c÷Dwdkh eJh

tvSrf;a0;onfxuf a0;vmaejuw,f ? omrefvlawGjum;rSm a&pD;ajumif;eJh twl arsmygvmju

olawGuawmh / vlawGb,fh avmuftusifh ysufaejuovJqdkwmudk cHpm;rd_cif;r@Sdjubl;aygh ? 'gh

ajumifh wcsdKh uqdk&if aumif;wJh udpPvdkh awmif xifaejuw,f ? w&m;usifh &if; pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; _rifh

vmolwdkh rSom / _yefvSnfh junhf vdkufwJh tcg / vlom;awG ckavmufajumufp&maumif;atmif tusifh

ysufaejuwmudk odEdkif_rifEdkifjuw,f ?

tcdk;usifh pOfq&mwcsdKh u b,fvdka_ymjuovJqdkawmh / oifh udk u|efawmfomrefvGef

tpGrf;zGifh ay;r,fwJh ? bmomrefvGeftpGrf;udk zGifhay;rSmvJ ? olh omrefvGeftpGrf;taeeJh pGrf;tifr@Sd &if

oHk;raumif;bl; ? ay:rvmcif oifzGifh ay;EdkifrSmwJh vm; ? olh omrefvGeftpGrf;taeeJh pGrf;tifr_znfh

&ao;vdkh _zpfay:rvmcif / oifzGifh ay;EdkifrSmwJh vm; ? tv#if;udk _zpfrSmr[kwfbl; ? ola_ymwJh omref

vGeftpGrf;zGifh _cif;qdkwmu / _zpfay:ae^yD_zpfwJh oifh omrefvGeftpGrf;udk oifh OD;aESmufeJh qufoG,f

ay;_cif; / oifh OD;aESmuftm@Hk&Jh uGyfuJr+t& tusdK;oGm;ay:vmap_cif;udk qdkvdkwm_zpfw,f ? tJ'gudk olu

omrefvGeftpGrf; zGifh ay;wmwJh ? pifppfoloifh udk bmomrefvGeftpGrf;rS zGifh ay;wmr[kwfbl; ? ckvdk

[muav; enf;enf;avmufom vkyfay;wm ?

usifholwdkhtzdkha_ym&&if / olhtm@Hku olhomrefvGeftpGrf; udk uGyfuJ^yD; vkyfudkifaqmif@Guf

aewm_zpfw,f ? omrefvlawGusawmh / olh tm@Hku olh a_cvuft*Fgwdkh / tm@HkcHt*Fgwdkh udk uGyfuJ^yD;

vkyfudkif aqmif@Gufaejuwm_zpfw,f ? bmeJh wlovJqdkawmh / puf@Hkwpf@Hku xkwfvkyfa&;@Hk;eJh

wlwmaygh ? puf@HkrSL;@Hk;uae oufqdkif&m twdtus vkyfudkifaqmif@GufjuwJh õmeawGudk trdefh qifh ^yD;

xkwfvkyfae juovdkaygh ? ppfwyfu õmecsKyfwdkh eJh vJ wlw,f ? wyfrSL;@Hk;uae trdefh qifh / wyfzGJh

wpfckvHk;udk uGyfuJ^yD; wm0efxrf;aqmifaejuovdkaygh ? u|efawmfe,frSm oifwef;ay;wJh tcg /

e,fcHtcdk;usifh pOf okawoetoif;u acgif;aqmifawGeJh 'D_y\emudk a_ymqdkaqG;aEG;avh @Sdjuw,f ?

olwdkhu odyfthHjojuw,f? vlh tawG;tac:taeeJh ikyfaewJh pGrf;tifawG / ikyfaewJh todawG b,fh

avmufrsm;@SdaervJqdk^yD; u|efawmfwdkhu wav#mufvHk; okawoe_yKvmcJh juwmwJhß /trSefuawmh

b,f'Dvdk[kwfrvJ/ ppcsif;qdkovdk rSm;aejuwmudk; ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f / vlh cE<modÑHynmudk

okawoe_yKju&mrSm / vlhtawG;tac:taeeJh awmfvSefa_ymif;vJa&; _zpfvmrSawmfr,f ? omrefvGef

294

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b,f_zpfrvJ ?

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295

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296

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297

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298

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wdkuf@dkuf qufpyfaewmaygh ? _yD;awmh 'Denf;awGudkcsnf; oHk;@HkoufoufeJh orm"d0ifvmEdkifwmrsdK;vJ

r[kwf wm ? r,Hk&if prf;junhf av ? oifh &rufawG / tpGJawG tifrwef oefaeao;or# / bmwpfckrS

pGefh r&ao;or# umvywfvHk; / oif^idrfvdkh &EdkifrSmwJh vm; ? wcsdKh u bk&m;ocifbGJh awmf@Gwfwm

aumif;w,fwJh ? bk&m;ocifbGJh awmf@Gwf@HkeJh oif^idrfEdkifa&mwJh vm; ? wcsdKh u b,fvdka_ymovJqdk

awmh / trdwmb bk&m;&Jh usifh pOfu vG,fw,fwJh ? bk&m;ocif&Jh bGJh awmfudk @Gwf@HkeJh ^yD;a&mwJh ?

oif@Gwfjunhf prf;yg ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f / 'gusifh tm;aygh ? oifuvG,fw,fvdkh qdkw,f ? u|efawmf

a_ymr,f ? b,fvG,frvJ? b,fusifh pOfrS vG,fwm r[kwfbl; ?

trsm;odwJh twdkif; / @Sifawmfousrkedu Þorm"dß vdkh qdkw,f ? Þorm"dß a@Sh rSm /

@Sifawmfousrkedu ÞoDvß vdkh qdkw,f ? &ruftrsdK;rsdK; / txHktpGJ tzHkzHkwdkh udk tukefc|wfypfju&rSm

_zpfw,f ? bmrSrusefawmh rS wnf^idrfvmEdkifrSmudk; ? w&m;oabmu ckvdkr[kwfvm; ?

ßwnf_idrf_cif;ßqdkwm[mvJ usifh tm;aygh ? oifh taeeJh wr[kwfcsif;qdkovkd vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm; u|wfbdkh

qdkwmvJ b,f_zpfEdkifrvJ ? raumif;wmrSefor#udk w_znf;_znf; pGefhvmwmeJh tr# wnf_idrf"mwfvJ

300

wdrf&m uae/ w_znf;_znf;eufvmrSm _zpfw,f ? bk&m;ocifbGJh awmfudk @Gwf&mrSm / wpdwfwnf;u

tm&kHwnf;pl;pl;pdkufpdkuf &GwfyGm;o&Zñ,f&rSm_zpfw,f/ pdwfxJ bmrSawG;raebJ OD;aESmufu 'D_yif tpdwf

tydkif;awGxHkvwJhtxd tm&HkrysHhrvGifh&Gwf&rSm _zpfw,f/ bmrSudk rodawmhatmif tm&Hkwpfaomif;udk

wpfckwnf;aom tm&HkeJh tpm;xdk;vmEkdifatmif ßtrdwmbbk&m; ocifß qdkwJh pmvHk;wkdif; rsufpda&ShrSm

ay:vmEkdifavmufatmif wpdkufrwfrwf&Gwf&rSm_zpfw,f? 'gusifh tm;r[kwfvm; ? wr[kwfcsif;

qdkovdk 'Dtqifh a&mufEdkifr vm; ? b,fa&mufEdkifrvJ ? ra&mufEkdifwJh aemufawmh t^idrf;"mwf&EdkifrSm

r[kwfwm usdef;aoaygh ? r,Hk&if prf;junfhav ? yg;pyfuawmh w@Gwfwnf; @Gwfaeyg&Jh ? pdwfxJ

uawmh bmrqdk pOf;pm;aeaygh ? ßõmeacgif;aqmifu b,fh ES,fh ajumifh igh udk ckavmufrsufpdrus

_zpfae&ygvdrfh ? 'DvtwGuf igh qkaiG uvJ enf;vdkufwm ...ß ponf_zifh / awG;av a'go_zpfav /

awG;av a'goxav _zpfaeygava&m ? yg;pyfuawmh bk&m;ocifbGJh awmfudk @GwfaeqJav ? oifbJ

pOf;pm;junhf awmh usifhvdkh&EdkifrSmwJhvm; ? 'gusifh tm; _y\em r[kwfvm; ? 'goifh udk,fY&Jh pdwfroefh

pifwJh _y\em r[kwfvm; ? wcsdKh uqdk&ifvJ 'dAýp=KyGifh ae^yD _zpfavawmh / udk,fcE<mxJu

"mwfvHk;v,fudk junfh vdkh &wmaygh ? vlh Adkufatmufydkif;rSm pk_zpfwnfvmwJh "mwfvHk;taeeJh /

pGrf;tif0wÔKoefhav vif;av / roefh av npfav / rJavaygh ? cE<mwGif;"mwfvHk;v,fu tJ'D"mwfvHk;

udkjunhf ae@HkeJh orm"dxlaxmifEdkifa&m wJh vm; ? b,fxlaxmifEdkifygh rvJ ? enf;udk,fYu

y"mer[kwfbl; ? vlh tawG;tac:eJh tm@Hk junfvifoefh pif_cif;r@SdwmurS tc&m_zpfwm ? udk,fh cE<m

udk,fxJu "mwfvHk;v,fudk oifjunhf ae^yD qdkygawmh / "mwfvHk;u 0if;vdkh vufvdkh aygh ? wcecsif;

qdkovdk "mwfvHk;u toGifa_ymif;vmygava&m ? tdrf_zpfvmygava&m ? ß'Dtcef;u igh om;

r*Fvmaqmifbdkh / 'Dtcef;u igh orD;aebdkh / wdkh vifr,m;u awmh 'Dtcef;rSm aejuaygh ? tv,fcef;

uawmh {nfh cef;aygh ? [efusvdkufav_cif; ? 'Dtdrfcef; igh udk ay;ygh rvm; ? igawmh&atmif tjuH

xkwfOD;rS ? b,fvdkvkyf&&ifaumif;yghrvJ ß ? vlqdkwm 'gawGudk pGJaejuwm r[kwfvm; ? 'Dawmh

oif^idrfEdkifrSmwJh vm; ? ckvdka_ymwJh vl@Sdw,f ? ßomrefvlwdkh&Jhvlh tzGJh tpnf;udk iga&muf vmwm /

wnf;cdkcef;ae&ovdk / &ufydkif;avmufomae_yD_yefoGm;&awmh rSmß wJh ? wcsdKh uawmh 'Dae&mudk

wyfrufaevdkufjuwm / udk,fh tdrfudkawmif arh aejuygava&m ? wu,fwrf; usifh wJh tcg / udk,fh

pdwfudk OD;wnfusifh &rSm / udk,fh pdwfxJrSm usifh &rSm / udk,fh pdwfxJrSm ta_z@Sm&rSm_zpfw,f ? t_yifoGm;

@Sm@dk; xHk;pHr@Sdbl; ? wcsdKh usifh pOfawGrSm b,fvdka_ymaejuovJqdk awmh / bk&m;@Sm pdwfrSmawGh wJh ? oifh

_rwfygayw,f ? wcsdKh u 'Dpum;udk em;vnfvGJ^yD; / b,fvdka_ym juovJqdkawmh / bk&m;@Sm pdwfrSmawGh

301

qdkavawmh / olwdkh udk,fYudku bk&m;_zpfae&ovdkvdk / olwdkh pdwfxJrSm bk&m;@Sdaeovdkvdk xifrd

w,fwJh ? tJ'Dvdk em;vnfwm rrSm;ayvm; ? b,f tJ'Dvdk em;vnfvdkh _zpfrvJ ? t"dÑm,fu udk,fh pdwfudk

OD;wnfusifh ygrS aygufa_rmufatmif_rifEdkifrSmqdkwJh oabmaygh ? 'Dw&m;oabmbJaygh ? oifh udk,f

ay:rSm b,fuvm bk&m;@Sdae&rSmvJ ? oifusifh ygrS atmifrSm ?

oiform"d r0ifEdkifwm w_cm;ajumifh r[kwfbl; ? oifh tawG;tac:udk [if;vif;rxm;

Edkifvdkh / oifh tqifh tJoavmuf r_rifh ao;vdkh _zpfw,f ? 'grsdK;u wdrf&mueufqdkwJh oabmrsdK;

_zpfw,f/ tqifh_rifha&;eJh t_yeftvSefqufpyfaewm_zpfw,f? tpGJawGudk oifpGefh v$wfvdkufwmeJhtr#

tqifh vJ _rifh vmrSm_zpfw,f ? wnf^idrfpGrf;vJ wufvmrSm_zpfw,f ? oifh taeeJh twwf twefi,f /

enf;em wcsdKhudk oHk;_cif;tm;_zifh t^idrf;"mwf&bdkh juH&if / u|efawmfa_ymr,f t_yif av#mufvuf _zefh&m

usae^yD rSwfyg ? tcdk;usifh pOfusifh &mrSm twdrf;tapmif; _zpf&wm / rdðmvrf;vdkufrd&mus&wm[m /

tJ'Dvdkt_yif av#mufvuf_zefhvdkh _zpf&wmaygh ? txl;o_zifh Ak'<bmomxJrSm / oihf taeeJh t_yif

av#mufvuf_zefhae&if / rdðmvrf;vdkufwmvdkh qdkjuw,f ? wu,fwrf;usifh &mrSm / pdwfudk usifh

&rSm_zpfw,f ? oifh taeeJh udk,fh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;udk _rSifh ay;ygrSom / oifh pdwf[m junfvifoefh

pifvmrSm_zpfw,f ? t_yKrJh -t_zpfrJh ta_cudk qdkufvmrSm _zpfw,f ? oifh taeeJh udk,fh pdwf&nf

pdwfaoG;udk _rSifh ay;ygrSom / u|efawmfwdkh pjum0Vm*k%fowWdxl;eJh wom;wnf; _zpfvmEdkifrSm / vlwdkh &Jh

tvdk&ruf / Oyg'geftpGJ trsdK;rsdK;awGudk/ raumif;wmawGudk pGefh vmEdkifrSm_zpfw,f ? udk,fh udk,fay:u

raumif;wmawGudk oGefypfEdkifoGm;EdkifrSm-a&ay: ay:vmovdk wufvmEdkifrSm_zpfw,f ? pjum0Vm

*k%fowWdxl;&Jh txdef;tcsKyfuae u|wfvm-vGwfvmrSm_zpfw,f ? 'grSvJ oifh yg&rDukodkvf qdkwJh @kyf

0wÔKawG[m od'<dt_zpf ul;a_ymif;vmEdkifrSm_zpfw,f ? 'Dawmh tnrnoabm taxmuftul

_zpfraejuayvm;? 'Dw&m;oabmbJ aygh ?

'gu udk,fh udk,fudk usifh olpHeJh udkufatmif ykív"dXmefususrvkyfEdkifvdkh orm"dr0ifEdkif

_zpf&wJh tajumif;&if;_zpfw,f ? uaeh yuwdta_ctaet&vJ / ckvdkta_ctaewpfrsdK;

ay:aew,f ? ,if;[m oifh taeeJh tqifh _rifh qD wufvSrf;a&;tbdkh }uD;av;pGm taESmuft,Suf

_zpfaeapw,f usifholwdkh }um;rSmvJ _yif;_yif;xefxef *,uf&dkufaeapw,f ? trsm;odwJh twdkif; /

_yK_yifa_ymif;vJa&;-wHcg;zGifh a&;vkyfvmwmeJh twl / pD;yGm;a&;vJ auG;Edkifqefh Edkif aysmh aysmh

a_ymif;a_ymif; _zpfvm / ay:vpD vJ acsmifacsmifcsdcsd _zpfvm wmaygh ? twwfynmopfrsm;pGmvJ

_ynfwGif;udk a&mufvmjuw,f ? vlh aer+xdkifr+tqifh twef;vJ _rifhvmaew,f ?

302

omrefvlawGjum;rSmqdk&if aumif;w,fvdkh csnf; a_ymae juwmaygh ? 'gayrJh tEkyãdavm renf;usus-

ESpfbufESpfvrf;uae junfh rSaygh ? wHcg;yGifh vmavawmh um / raumif;wmawGvJ

0ifvmjuygava&m ? a&mifpHk-rsdK;pHkaygh? pmayvuf&mawGrSm t!SDta[muf uav; enf;enf;avmuf

ryg&if / 0,frJh ol r@Sdoavmuf _zpfae&ygava&m ? a&mif;udef;udk xnfh wGufae&wmudk; ? @kyf@Sif /

@kyfoHwdkh qdk&ifvJ ckwifcef;uav; enf;enf;avmufr yg&if junhf rJh ol r@Sdo

avmuf_zpfae&ygava&m?vufrSwfa&mif;udef;eJh y&dowfjunhf udef;wdkh udk iJh ae&wmudk; ? yef;csD

vuf&mawGqdk&ifvJ / wu,fh tEkynmvm; / bmvm;qdkwm ra_ymwwfygbl; ? u|efawmfwdkh a@S;w@kwf

trsdK;om; tEkynmrSm 'grsdK;awG r@Sdygbl; ? u|efawmfwdkh w@kwftrsdK;om;wdkh &Jh 'DtpOftvm

qdkwmb,folwpfOD;wpfa,mufuwDxGifvdkufwm/zefwD;vdkufwmr[kwfbl;? t&mcyfodrf; wdkh [m

Zpf_rpf@Sdjuwmcsnf;_zpfajumif;udk / ordkif;rwifrDumv ,SOfaus;r+tajumif; a_ymwkef;u u|efawmf

a_ymcJh ^yD ? vlom;wdkh &Jh tusifh od=mcHawG[m vdrfaumufukefju_yD / ta_ymif;tvJ _zpfukef ju_yD/

taumif;-tqdk;csdefqwJh pHawGawmif ta_ymif;tvJ _zpfukefju_yD / 'guomrefvlawGjum;u udpP

_zpfw,f ? vlaumif;-vlqdk;wdkh udk csdefxdk;junfh wJh wpfckwnf;aompH_zpfwJh pjum0Vm*k%fowWdxl;

opPm-arwWm-c÷Dwdkh uawmh a_ymif;vJ_cif; r@Sdbl; ? usifh olwpfa,muftaeeJh oifckefxGufcsif&if /

'DpHeJh csdefxdk;junhf &rSm_zpfw,f ? omrefvlawG&Jh pHeJh csdefxdk;junfh vdkh r_zpfzl;? 'gh ajumifh yuwd

ta_ctaet&vJ ckvdktaESmifht,Sufay:aew,f ? 'gawGwif b,furvJ / vdifwlwufruf_cif;qdkwm

wdkh / vdifvGwfa_rmufa&; qdkwmwdkh /rl;,pfaq;0g; tvGJoHk;pm;_yK_cif;wdkh vdk r[kwfw@kwfawGvJ tukef

xGufvmukefjuygava&m?

vlh tzGJh tpnf;taeeJh uaeh vdk ta_cudk qdkufvmae&avawmh / pOf;pm;junhf juprf;yg/

a@Sh qufoGm;&if b,fvdkaervJvdkh ? cktwdkif; xm0pOf wnf@SdoGm;rSmudk junhf aevdkh _zpfrvm; ? vlawG

rukbJaejuavawmh tmumu ukvm&awmhrSmaygh ? vlom;awGtaeeJh uyfqdkufju&mrSm / ckvdkta_c

taersdK;rSm _zpfwmcsnf;_zpfw,f ? oifwef;csdefawG renf;awmhbl;/ uGsefawmfu vlom;wdkh &Jh uyfqdkufr+

juD;eJh ywfoufvdkh bmrSra_ymao;bl; ? vla_ymrsm;wJh 'D_y\emeJh ywfoufvdkh bmoma&; awGxJrSm

a&m vlawGjum;rSmyg a_ymaejuw,f ? ckvdk _y\emwpf&yfudk u|efawmf a_ym_yr,f ? wqdwf

pOf;pm;junhf yg ? u|efawmfwdkh omrefvlwdkh&Jh vlh tzGJh tpnf;rSm / vlawG&Jh udk,fusifh w&m;pHawG ckxd

avmufawmif a_ymif;vJ_cif;ru a_ymif;vJukefju^yD ? vlvlcsif;jum;u wif;rmr+ awGqdk&ifvJ cktxd

avmufawmif _zpfaeju^yD ? 'Dawmh tifrwef t÷&m,frsm;vSwJh ta_cqdkufae &^yDqdkwmudk oif

303

rpOf;pm;rdbl;wJhvm; ? 'gh ajumifh 'DypP=yuwdywf0ef;usif[mvJ / u|efawmfwdkh usifholawG tqifh_rifh

qD wufvSrf;a&;tzdkh _yif;_yif;xefxef taESmifht,Suf _zpfaew,f ? 0wfvpfpm; vpfyHkawG qdkwm

twdkif;om;udk tJ'DrSm csxm;wm / vrf;vnfacgifrSm qGJxm;wm / armhjunhfvdkufw,f qdk awGh ae&awmh

wmbJ ?

avmifZDu ckvdka_ymbl;w,f ? ßtxufwef;ykídKvftaeeJh w&m;awmfudk jum;vdkuf&

wmeJh w^ydKifeuf / judK;judK;ukwfukwf usifh ygava&mß wJh ? txufwef;ykídKvfyDyD w&m;awmfudk jum;

em&w,fqdk&ifbJ / w&m;ppfw&m;rSef&bdkh qdkwm rvG,fvdkufwm / uaeh rusifh vdkh b,fawmh rS usifh

&rSmvJqdk^yD; usifh awmh wmaygh ? @+yfaxG;wJh ywf0ef;usifqdkwm u|efawmfh txift&a_ym&&if / aumif;

awmif aumif;ao;w,f ? @+yfavaxG;av / ykídKvfxl; ykídKvf_rwfawG ay:Edkifavudk; ? 'Duae iGg;iGg;pGifh

pGifh xdk;wufvmEdkifr,fqdk&if / olh usifh juHtm;vJ tcdkif^rJqHk; _zpfaerSm usdef;aoaygh ?

wu,fwrf; pdwf'Hk;'Hk;csusifh EdkifrJh olwdkh tzdkh qdk&if / u|efawmfa_ymr,f / omawmif

aumif;ao;w,f ? _y\em ray:&if_zpfap / oifh udk pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;wufapbdkh tcGifh tvrf; zefwD;

ray;&if_zpfap / oifwufvmEdkifrSm r[kwfbl;rSwfyg ? oifvJ aumif;yg. / u|EkfyfvJ aumif;yg. _zpf

ae&if / b,fh eJh vkyfusifh rvJ ? omrefusifh olwdkh uawmh / ßtvwfwef;ykídKvfwdkh taeeJh w&m; awmf

jum;&wJh tcgß rsdK;vdk / usifh vJ_zpf-rusifh vJ_zpfaygh ? 'DvdkvlrsdK;awGawmh 'k=aygh ? wcsdKh u 'DrSm

em;axmifae&if; / q&ma_ymwm ,xmblwusw,fqdk^yD; vufcHjuw,f ? omrefvlwdkh&Jh vlhtzGJh

tpnf;xJ _yefa&mufoGm;wJh tcgus_yefawmh / 'DvufawGh tusdK;awGurS qkyfvdkh udkifvdkh &wmqdk^yD;

_zpf&_yefygav a&m ? ßqkyfvdkh udkifvdkh &wmß wJh ? aumif;_yD? oifhudkrqdkxm;eJh taemufwdkif;uolaõ;

oljuG,fjuD; awGqdkygawmh ?oufwrf;ukefqHk;juwJhtcg bmqdkbmrSr@Sdawmhwmudk awGhju&@Smw,f ?

@kyf0wÔK OpPm"e awGqdkwm arG;wkef;u ygrvmEdkifovdk / aoawmh vJ ygoGm;EdkifwmrsdK; r[kwfygvm;?

[mvm [if;vif;juD;vdk _zpfae&ygvm;qdkwmudk cHpm;rdju&&Smw,f ? od'<dusawmh bm_yKvdkh ckavmuf

tbdk;teíxdkufae&ovJ ? 'guawmh oifh rlvewfudk,fay:rSm wdkuf@dkufygaewm _zpfavawmh um /

arG;wJh tcg ygvmEdkifovdk / aowJh tcgvJ ygoGm;Edkifwm_zpfvdkh udk; ? rlvewfqdk wm ysufokOf;

_cif;r@Sdajumif;udk u|efawmfwdkh a_ymxm;^yD;_zpfw,f ? 'gvJ t,lonf;wmrsdK;r[kwfyg ? u|efawmfwdkh

'D@kyf0wÔKcE<mu uvyfpnf;awG ajuGukefwJh aemufrSm / 'd_yif @kyf0wÔK[if;vif;_yif@Sd ydki,fwJh armfvDusL;

_'yfawGuawmh ysufokOf;ukef_cif; r@Sdbl; ? tcGHu|wfukef_cif;om _zpfw,f ?

304

u|efawmfckeu a_ymcJh wmawGu vlh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;eJh qdkifwJh _y\emawGcsnf; _zpf

w,f ? w@kwf_ynfqdkwJh 'Dta@Sh wdkif;e,fa_r[m od=m&ifh ykídKvfjuD;awG ay:xGef;&mae&ma'o_zpf

w,fvdkh @Sifawmfpjumrkedu qdkbl;w,f ? aAm"d"rRuvJ tvm;wlqdkcJhbl;w,f ? u|efawmfwdkh w@kwf

_ynf ordkif;pOfwav#mufrSm / &[ef;awGa&m vlawGyg tifrwef*k%f,ljuw,f ? oabmuawmh od'<d

_rifh_rifh usifh Edkifw,faygh ? 'gh ajumifh vlaygif;rsm;pGmwdkh u 0rf;omaeju / udk,fh udk,fudk [kwfvS^yDqdk ^yD;

tjunfqdkufaejuwmaygh ? Þjunhf ygvm; ? 'dkh w@kwfvlrsdK;awGbJ awmfw,f ? w@kwf_ynfqdkwJh

'Dae&mrSm yg&rD*k%f&SdefjuD;&ifhwJhykídKvf}uD;awG / od=mjuD;_rwfwJh ykídKvfjuD;awG ay:xGef;vmjuw,fß

wJh ? pifppf vlaygif;rsm;pGmwdkh [m 'DtxJut"dÑm,fudk em;rvnfjubl; ? w@kwf_ynfqdkwJh 'Dae&m[m

bm_yKvdkh od=mjuD;_rwfwJh ykídKvfjuD;awG ay:xGufEdkif&ovJ ? bm_yKvdkh od'Qd_rifh od'<dawG ay:xGuf

Edkif&ovJ ? vlaygif;rsm;pGmwdkh [m tqifh _rifh ykídKvfawGa_ymwJh pum;&Jh teuft"dÑm,ftppfudk em;

rvnfjubl; ? tqifh_rifh / e,fy,f_rifhu ykídKvfawG a&muf@SdaejuwJh e,fy,fwdkh / olwdkh tawG;tqwdkh

udk em;rvnfjubl; ? [kwfwmaygh av / u|efawmfwdkh a_ym^yD;^yD ? bmt"dÑm,fvJ qdkwm udk tom

xm;OD; ? wqdwfavmuf pOf;pm;junhf juprf;yg ? t@+yfaxG;qHk;vltkyf / t@+yfaxG;qHk; ywf0ef; usifrsdK;

rSom od'<d_rifhusifh vdkh &EdkifrSmwJh / t"dÑm,fuawmh 'gaygh ?

yg&rD"mwfcH

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trsm;t& tqHk;t_zwfay;wm_zpfw,f ? yg&rDukodkvfuenf;^yD; / trnf;xnfawGu rsm;ae&if / tuk

odkvfcGifu juD;aeygava&m ? 'Dawmh yg&rD"mwfcH nHh &musw,fvdkh qdk&rSmaygh ? yg&rDukodkvfrsm; ^yD; /

t_zLxnfawGu rsm;ae&if / tukodkvfcGifu i,faewmaygh ? 'Dawmh yg&rD"mwfcH aumif;&muswmaygh ?

vlwdkh &Jh t_zLxnfeJh trnf;xnfqdkwJh @kyf0wÔKESpfrsdK;[m t_yeftvSef ul;a_ymif;Edkifjuw,f ? b,fvdk

ul;a_ymif;juovJqdk&if / aumif;wmawGvkyf&if t_zLxnfawG ay:vmw,f ? t_zLxnfawG qdkwmu

qif;&Jyifyef;cHju&wJh tcgrsdK;rSm_zpfap / twd'k=qdkufa&mufju&wJh tcgrsdK;rSm_zpfap / okp@dkufawG

_yKjuwJh tcgrsdK;rSm_zpfap &@Sdwm_zpfw,f ? trnf;xnfawGuawmh 'kp@dkuf usL;vGefjuwJh tcgrsdK;rSm /

raumif;wmawG vkyfjuwJh tcgrsdK;rSm ay:vmwm_zpfw,f ? ,if;wdkh [mtukodkvfawGaygh ? ckvdktul;

305

ta_ymif;_zpfpOfwpf&yf @Sdaew,f ? wcsdefwnf;rSm o,faqmifr+vJ@Sdaew,f ? bmajumifh

vJqdkawmh ,if;u rlvewfeJhtwl wdkuf@dkufvdkufygaevdkh _zpfw,f ? olh [mu wpfouf /

wpfb0wnf;u[m r[kwfbJ / ESpfy&dað'jumanmif;vSpGmuwnf;uae wpfquf̂ yD;wpfquf

qif;vm / wpfquf^yD; wpf quf pkyHkvmwm_zpfw,f ? 'gh ajumifh tukodkvfawG pkaqmif;jurvm; /

ukodkvfawG pkaqmif; jurvm; qdkwJh _y\em ay:aewmaygh ? ^yD;awmh bdk;pOfabmifqufup^yD;

wpfquf^yD; wpfqufqif; vm / wpfquf^yD;wpfquf pkvmEkdifwmvJ_zpfw,f ? ßbdk;-ab;-bD-

bifvufxufu p^yD; tusifh oDv aqmuf wnfjuuGJh ß vdkh wrsdK; ? ßtusifh oDvawG

aqmufwnfjua[h ß / Þtusifh oDv awG acgif;yg;ukef^yDa[h ß vdkh wzHk / a@S;w@kwfvljuD;awGua&m /

vljuD;olrawGuyg wzGzGqHk;rjuwmudk jum;a,mifrdwdkif; / 'Dpum;awGrSefvScsnfvm; /

aoG;xGufatmifrSefvdkufav_cif;vdkh u|efawmfcHpm; rdw,f?

yg&rD"mwfcHaumif;&if aumif;wJh tavsmuf / nHh &ifnHh wJh tavsmuf / vlwpfa,muf&Jh

todaumif;_cif; nHh _cif;wdkh udk tqHk;t_zwfay;avh @Sdw,f ? yg&rD"mwfcHnHh olwdkh taeeJh todvJ

tifrwefnHh aep&m@Sdw,f ? bm_yKvdkh ckvdk_zpf&ovJqdkawmh / yg&rD"mwfcHaumif;olwdkh [m t_zLxnf

rsm;juvdkh _zpfw,f ? ckvdkt_zLxnfawG[m u|efawmfwdkh pjum0VmeJh wpfom;wnf;aygif;pyfaysmf0ifae

wm ? opPm-arwWm-c÷DqdkwJh *k%fowWdxl;eJh wpfom;wnf; aygif;pyfaysmf0ifaewm / [muGufudkr@Sdbl;/

pjum0Vm*k%fowWdxl;wdkh [m oifh udk,fay:rSm wdkuf@dkufay:aeEdkifjuw,f / oifh udk,fcE<meJh wdkuf@dkuf

aygif;ul;Edkifaejuw,f ? trnf;xnfawGuawmh a_ymif;_yefaygh ? raumif;wmawG vkyfwJhtcg &juwm

_zpfw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh pjum0Vm*k%fowWdxl;eJh zDvmqefhusif_zpfaew,fav ? 'ghajumifh ckvdktrnf;

xnfawGeJh u|efawmfwdkh pjum0Vm*k%fowWdxl;wdkh jum;rSm[muGufay:aewmaygh ?ckvdktrnf; xnfawG

rsm;vmwJh tcg / cE<mywfvnfrSm cGifwpfck ay:vmrSm_zpfw,f / vludk Þ0dkif;juD;ywfywfß 0dkif;xm;rSm

_zpfw,f ? 'DcGif juD;avav-odyfonf;qvJ juD;avav / xlonfxuf xlvmavav _zpf&avawmh

um / 'Dvlh todw&m;udkvJ nHh vmavav_zpfaprSm_zpfw,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh pjum0Vm opPm-

arwWm-c÷D *k%fowWd xl;udk vufcH&@Sd_cif; r_yKEdkif_zpfae&vdkhudk; ? olh taeeJh raumif;wmawGvkyfvdkh

trnf;xnfawG ay:vm &wmudk;? ckvdkvlrsdK;awG[m usifh juHtm;xkwfa&;udkom^yD;awmh r,Hkav

_zpfaewwfjuw,f ? todw&m;nHh av-tukodkvf tqD;twm;udk cH&av _zpfaeju&&Smw,f? qif;&J

'k=cH&av r,Hkav / usifh &wmvJ cufav _zpfaeju&&Smw,fav?

306

t_zLxnfrsm;wJh vlawGuawmh usifh &wm vG,fw,f ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh olusifh wJh

tcg pjum0Vm*k%fowWdxl;eJh om oraeygav / olh pdwf&nfpdwfaoG; wufvmEdkifrSm_zpfw,f ? olh

'Dyg&rDukodkvfawGvJ od'<dt_zpf wdkuf@dkuful;a_ymif;vmEdkifrSm_zpfw,f ? trnf;xnfrsm;wJh vlawGus

awmh puf@HkrSm ukefxkwfvkyfovdk / vkyfief;tpDtpOfwpf&yf ydkvkyf&rSm_zpfw,f ? olrsm;awG[mu

tacsmxnfawG _zpfayrJh / olh [mu tjurf;xnf _zpfaeavawmh / _yef̂ yD;tacsmudkif&rSm_zpfw,f ? ckvdk

_zpfpOfwpfckudk _zwfoef;&rSm_zpfw,f ? 'gh ajumifh olh taeeJh 'k=t&if cH&r,f ? tukodkvfawG _y,fap

atmif / t_zLxnfawGt_zpf ul;a_ymif;vmapatmif / yg&rDukodkvfawG_zpfvmapatmifusifh oGm;&rSm

_zpfw,f? 'grSod'<d_rifh awG wufvmEdkifrSm _zpfw,f ? 'gayrJh ckvdkvlrsdK;awG[m yifudk,ftodw&m;nHh &wJh

jum; xJrSm / qif;&J'k=awGxyf^yD; rsm;rsm;cHcdkif;wJh tcg / om^yD;awmh r,Hkawmh raygh ? om^yD;awmh

cHEdkif&nf r@Sd_zpf&awmhrSaygh ? 'gh ajumifh trnf;xnfrsm;olawG[m usifh vdkh rvG,fwmaygh ? twdwfu

ßawmufß *dk%f;taeeJh _zpfap / wpfOD;wpfa,mufcsif;qD vufqifh urf;wJh *dk%f;awGtaeeJh _zpfap /

q&mocif vkyfolu wynfh a@G;wm_zpf_yD;/ wynhf _zpfolu q&mocifa@G;wm r[kwfbl; ? wynhf

awGudk,fay:rSm ygvmwJh t_zLxnf trnf;xnf tenf;trsm;udkjunhf̂ yD; a&G;juwm_zpfw,f?

yg&rD"mwfcHu vlh todw&m;udk tqHk;t_zwfay;w,f ? 'gayrJh tjuGif;rJh -_cGif;csufrJh

[mrsdK;awmh vJ b,f[kwfrvJ ? wcsdKh u yg&rD"mwfcH tifrwefnHh w,f ? 'gayrJh rdom;pk0ef;usifu

tifrwefaumif;wm ? usifh wJh rdom;pkawG renf;bl;aygh ? wcsdKh uqdk&ifvJ OygoumawG _zpfwmeJhtr#

usifh juHa&;udpPawGudk tifrwef ,Hkjuw,f ? ckvdkywf0ef;usifrsdK;rSm / olh taeeJh ,Hkvmp&m@Sdw,f ?

todw&m; aumif;vmp&m@Sdw,f ? 'gh ajumifh tjuGif;rJh awmh vJ r[kwfbl;aygh ? wcsdKh usawmh vJ

yg&rD"mwfcH tifrwefaumif;wm/ 'gayrJh u|efawmfwdkh vufawGh vlh tzGJh tpnf;u vuf@SdynmA[kokw

uav;wdkh &Jh ynmay;r+atmufrSm / txl;o_zifh vGefcJh wJh ESpfrsm;twGif;u avSeH"m;xpfrSwf&pfyHkao

tawG;tac:awG[m ynmay;r+atmufrSm / vlwdkh &Jh tawG;tac:[m tifrwefusOf;a_rmif;aewmudk

awGh &w,f ? olh A[kokwxuf vGefuJwmrSef&if vHk;vHk;udk r,Hkbl; ? 'Dawmh olh todw&m;vJ

_yif;_yif;xef xef taESmifh t,Suf cHvm&p&m @Sdwmaygh ?

Oyrm_y&&if / u|efawmfoifwef;ydkh cswkef;u / 'kwd,aeh rSm 'dAýp=KzGifh wJh tajumif;

a[maewkef;uaygh ? yg&rD"mwfcHaumif;wJh vlwpfa,mufudk / wpfcgwnf;qdkovdk olh 'dAýp=Kudk

tifrwef_rifh wJh tqifh xdatmif zGifh ay;vdkufw,f ? olrsm;awG r_rif&wJh _rifuGif;rsm;pGmudk ol_rifvm&

wmaygh ? olrsm;awGudk olub,fvdka_ym_yovJqdkawmh / ßtvdkav; / w&m;cGifwpfckvHk;rSmbJ /

307

"rRpjum awGqdkwm ESif;yGifh awGvdk vlawGudk,fay: usaewmudk awGh &w,f ? q&mocifvD&Jh

cE<mtppfu b,fvdkvJqdkwmudk u|efawmfawGh &w,f ? q&mocifvD&Jh a&mif_cnfawmfpuf0ef;udk

u|efawmfawGh &w,f ? "rRpjum awG[m b,fvdkvJqdkwmudk awGh &w,f ? "rRum,a_rmufrsm;pGmudk

awGh &w,f ? rwlwJh tqifhwdkif;-tqifhwkdif;rSmyJ q&mvD w&m;a[maewmudk awGh &w,f ?

oifom;awG cE<moÑg,_zpfatmif "rRpjumawGu pGrf;aqmifay;aejuwmudk awGh&w,f ? q&mvD

oifjum;ydkh csaewJh tcgrSm / rwlwJh tqifh wdkif;tqifh wdkif;rSmbJ / q&mh od'<dum,awGu a[ma_ymae

juwmudk awGh &w,f ? ewforD; awG yef;awGjuJaewmudk awGh &w,f ... ß ponf_zifh pHkvdkh aygh ?

ckavmuf om,mqef;ju,fvSwmawGudk awGh ae&avawmhum / 'Dvlh yg&rD"mwfcH tawmhf udk rqdk;yHkudk

_yaewmaygh ? a_ym&if; a_ym&if; b,fvdktqHk;owfvdkuf ovJqdkawmh / ß'gawGudk u|efawmfu ,Hkwm

r[kwfbl;ßwJh ? wcsdKh[mawGqdkwm vuf@SdodÑHynmu oufaoom"u_y^yD;ae_yD r[kwfvm;?

t&mrsm;pGmwdkh udkqdk&ifvJ acwfodÑH ynmt& @Sif;_yvdkh &wm_zpfw,f ? wcsdKh udkqdk&ifvJ u|efawmfwdkh

u @Sif;_y^yD;^yD ? bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh / tcdk;usifh pOftaeeJh od_rifaewm awG[m acwfodÑH ynm

todxuf trSefwu,fh udk omvGefaew,fav ? 'guawmh usdef;aoaygh ? cktwdkif; junhf &wmqdk&if /

tjuifolwpfa,muf&Jh todw&m;udk ,if;&Jh yg&rD"mwfcHu vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm; tqHk;t_zwfay;ae&m rus

yHkudk odomEdkifwmaygh ?

tod

Þtodß qdkwm bmvJ ? Þtodß qdkwm bmoma&;xJuvmwJh a0g[m&_zpfw,f ? Ak'<

bmomxJrSmu w&m;usifh olwdkh taeeJh Ak'<"rRtay: oabmaygufr+ / em;vnftodeJh tqHk;pGeftodwdkh

udk qdkvdkwm_zpfw,f ? ynmtodudk qdkvdkwm_zpfw,f ? 'gayrJh ckawmh omrefvlawGjum;rSm oHk;vm

aejuw,f ? b,fvdkvJqdkawmh 'Dvlu odyfcsufcsmwm ? vljuD; bmpOf;pm;aew,fqdkwmudk csufcsif;od

wm / oabmaygufwm ? vljuD;a@Sh rSm tifrwef tjudKufvkyf_ywwfwmwJh ? 'grsdK;udk todw&m;

awmfw,fvdkh qdkaejuw,f ? trsm;u tJ'Dvdk em;vnfaejuw,f ? 'gayrJh oifh taeeJh omrefvlwdkh &Jh

tqifh uae ckefxGuf^yD; / enf;enf;uav;_rifh wJh tqifh uae junhf vdkuf@HkeJh / omrefvlawG em;vnf

aejuwJh 'Dw&m;oabm rSm;aeajumif;udk awGhvm&rSm_zpfw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh a_ymaewJh todqdkwmu

ckvdktodrsdK;vHk;vHk;udk r[kwfbl;? vlvnfwpfa,muf&Jh todw&m;qdkwm aumif;wm r[kwfbl; ?

bm_yKvdkh vJqdkawmh csufcsmvGef;wJh vlqdkwm tay:,H odyfvkyfwwfwm ? vljuD;wdkh - txuf t&mwdkh

u oabmusaygh ? tJ'Dawmh wu,fh tvkyfawGusawmh olrsm;u vkyf&a&m r[kwfvm; ? 'Dawmh olh

308

taeeJh ay;qyfp&mawG tajuG; wifrvm&ayvm; ? olu vnfawmh / vkyfwwfawmh / aumif;

usdK;awG ydk&awmh rSmaygh ? olrsm;awGuawmh raumif;usdK;awG ydk&awmhrSmaygh ? oluvnfawmh

epfemcHrSm r[kwfbl;? awmf&Hkwef&HkeJhepfemrSmvJ r[kwfbl; ? 'Dawmh olrsm;awGu epfem&rSm ? olh taeeJh

'DvufawGhtusdK;uav;awGudkta&;xm;av/oabmxm;vJ ao;odrfonfxuf ao;odrfav_zpf vm

ygava&m / omrefvlwdkh &Jh @kyf0wÔKtusdK;urS vufv$wfvdkh r_zpfwmvdkh xifonfxuf xifvmyg av

a&m? rdrdu vufawGh udk ta&;xm;aewmvdkh oluxifaeygava&m ? olh taeeJh u bmwpfckrS epfem

aerSm r[kwfzl; ?

wcsdKh utm;us@Smw,f ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f / tm;usraeeJh ? olh taeeJh vlvkyf&wm

b,fh avmufrsm; yifyef;vdkufovJqdkwmudk oifrodvdkh ? olh crsm pm;r0if / tdyfraysmf _zpfae &@Smw,f ?

tdyfrufxJrSmawmifrS udk,fusdK;qHk;@+H;rSmudk pdk;&drfaewm ? udk,fusdK;twGuf olhcrsm xGufaygufr&SdwJh

vrf;jum;uav;xJJ0ifwdk;ae&Smw,f ? olh taeeJh touf@Sifae&wm yifyef; ovm;ryifyef;bl; vm;

qdkwm oifjunhfayawmh? olh 'DwpfoufrSm 'DtwGuf touf@Sifae&&Sm w,fav ? u|efawmf

wdkha_ymr,f/ yãdy=awGjum;rSm aemufudkwpfvSrf;avmufom qkwfay; vdkufprf; / tû0g_yifjuD;vdk-

tmum_yifjuD;vdk us,fa_ymvmwm udk awGh &rSm_zpfw,f ? ta_ctaewpfrsdK;wpfzHk a_ymif;oGm;rSmpdwfcs ?

'g ayrJh vdkvlrsdK;uawmh av#mh ay;rSm r[kwfbl; ? olh tzdkh touf@Sifae&wm[m tyifyef;qHk;vdkh qdk&rSm ?

olh udk oGm;twk,lraeeJh ? ckvdkvlrsdK;[m rsufpdvnfvrf;rSm;ae&m tusqHk; ? @kyf0wÔKtusdK;

twGuf omrefvlawGjum;rSm vHk;vHk; vsm;vsm;udk rsufpdvnf vrf;rSm;ae&Smw,f vdkh

usifhjuHa&;avmurSm a_ymaejuw,f? olhudk oDvoduQm apmifhxdef;apzdkhqdkwm vG,fwmrSwfvdkh?

olhudkusifhzdkhwdkkufwGef; &if'grsdK;udkolu ,HkrSmr[kwfbl; ? Þusifh &atmifu / cifAsm;wdkh [mu t@dkuf

cH&wm _yefr@dkufbl; ? tqJcH&wm _yefrqJbl; ? olrsm;vufcsufajumifh tawmh udkcHae&wJhjum;u /

udk,fh taeeJh pdwfxJuae tvm;wl wHkh _yef_cif;_yKbdkh aeaeomom / olrsm;udkawmif _yef^yD;

aus;Zl;wif&OD;r,fwJh ? cifAsm; wdkh[mu oem;p&mvlayg rmifjuLawGcsnf; _zpfukef&a&maygh ? vlwdkif;

pdwWZ&l;awG _zpfukef &a&maygh ß wJh ? 'DvdkvlrsdK;awG[m usifhjuHtm;xkwfa&;eJh ywfoufvdkh em;rvnf

Edkifju bl; ? ÞcifAsm;wdkh urS pOf;pm;vdkh r&Edkifp&mßwJh ? ÞcifAsm;wdkh u odyftwmß wJh ? oifjunfh av /

b,fh avmuf tc|wf&cufvdkufovJqdkwm ?

309

u|efawmfwdkh a_ymwJh todqdkwmu ckvdktodrsdK; r[kwfbl; ? ola_ymovdk udk,fusdK;eJh

ywfoufvdkh u|efawmfwdkh u ßt Þ juw,fwJh ? u|efawmfwdkh qdkvdkwmu ckvdktodrsdK;aygh ? rSefw,fav

/ wu,fhudk ßtßwm rsdK;awmh vJb,f[kwfrvJ ? u|efawmfwkdh taeeJh u ta&;juD;udk,fusdK; awGeJh

ywfoufvdkh aygh aygh oabmxm;juwmuvGJvdkh / 'd_yifbufawGrSmawmh u|efawmfwdkh u tifrwef

xuf_rufjuwm qdkygawmh ? u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh odÑHokawoetpDtpOfawG vkyfju&m rSm_zpfap /

vljuD;ydkif;uay;xm;wJh v$Jtyfcsufwdkh / 'd_yifvkyfief;aqmifwmwdkh udk vkyfudkifaqmif@Gufju&mrSm _zpfap

/tifrwefudka_zmifhvdkh -[efvdkh aygh ? u|efawmfwdkh udk,fY&Jh udk,fusdK;t&mrsdK;rSmom / wpfa,mufeJh

wpfa,muf jum;u yãdy=awGjum;rSmom / u|efawmfwdkh uodyf^yD; aygh aygh oabmxm;aejuwm ?

'Dawmh b,fvlu ßtßw,fvdkh qdkOD;rSmvJ ? b,fvlurS ßtÞw,fvdkh qdkrSmr[kwfbl; ? pdwfomcs /

'Dtwdkif;udk _zpf&rSm ?

wu,fh udk twJhvlß t Þ tajumif;udk u|efawmfwdkh a_ymjuygpdkh ? 'Dw&m;oabm[m

tqifh _rifhus&if tukefa_ymif;_yef_zpfukef&ygava&m ? vlßtÞawG[m omrefvlawGjum;rSm raumif;

wJh udpPjuD;awG vkyfp&mtajumif;r&Sdbl;? udk,fusdK;twGuf ^ydKifvm;qdkifvm; / cGufapmif;ckwfvm;

vkyfp&mtajumif;r&Sdbl; ?*k%f rufaerSm r[kwfbl; ? olh taeeJh yg&rDukodkvfawG qHk;yg;rSm r[kwfbl; ?

'gayrJh olrsm;awGuawmh olh udk yg&rDukodkvfawG ay;jurSm_zpfw,f ? olh udk @dkufwJh tcg / qJwJh tcg /

yg&rDukodkvfawG ay;ju&rSm_zpfw,f ? ckvdk@kyf0wÔKawG[m tifrwdtifrwef tbdk;xdkuf wefwm ?

u|efawmfwkdkh 'Dpjum0VmrSm ckvdked,mrwpf&yf@Sdw,f ? rqHk;yJeJh r&Edkif- &&ifqHk;&rSmwJh? vlawG[m

vlßtÞ juD;udk awGh juwJh tcg / ßa[h it juD;ß vdkh qJvdkufwmeJh w^ydKifeuf/ yg&rDukodkvfwpfwHk;udk

ypfay;vdkuf&m usygava&m ? oifu tom&aewm _zpfavawmh um / &@SdwJh bufu _zpfraevm; ?

'Dawmh oifh taeeJh qHk;@H+;&awmh wmaygh ? Þa[h it juD;ß qdk^yD; a_caxmufeJh uefvdkufwJh tcgrSmvJ /

yg&rDukodkvftwHk;juD;wpfwHk;olh qDa&mufoGm;&_yygava&m?olhtaeeJh tEdkifusifh cH&wJh tcgrsdK;rSm_zpfap

/ tuefcH&wJh tcgrsdK;rSm_zpfap /oluawmh [J[J- [J[JyJaygh? Þvmjua[h? yg&rDukodkvfawG ay;juwJh

aemufawmh /igenf;enf;rSr_iif;bl;uG qdkwJhoabmrsdK;aygh ? 'Dawmh tqifh_rifhu w&m;oabm

t&a_ym&&if/ wqdwfpOf;pm; junhf juprf;yg / b,folu vnfovJ ? olu vnf&mrusvm;? olu

tvnfqHk;aygh ? olh taeeJh u yg&rDukodkvfawG enf;enf;rSqHk;yg;_cif;r@Sdbkl; ? olh udk yg&rDukodkvfawG

ypfay;juwJh tcg / wpfpufuav;rS _iif;raebl; ? tukef,lxm;rSmcsnf;bJ ? ^yHK;^yD; ,lxm;rSmcsnf;bJ ?

'Db0rSm ßtÞae&ayrJh / aemufb0us ßtÞrSmr[kwfawmh bl; ? rlvewfuvJ ßtÞwmr[kwf bl; ?

310

tjuifoltaeeJh yg&rDukodkvf awGrsm;&if / aemufb0us&if &mxl;õme÷&juD;awG &aumif;&vm

rSm_zpfw,f ? olaõ; oljuG,fjuD;awG _zpfaumif; _zpfvmrSm_zpfw,fvdkh bmoma&;xJrSm a_ymaejuw,f ?

yg&rDukodkvfawGeJh tvJtvS,f vkyf&wmawGcsnf;udk;?

yg&rDukodkvfawGtaeeJh od'<dt_zpf wdkuf@dkufw_zpfa_ymif;vmEdkifyHkudk u|efawmfwdkh a_ymcJh

^yD?aemifoifa&mufrJh tqifh udk 'Dyg&rDukodkvfawGeJh w_zpful;a_ymif;ay;oGm;&rSm r[kwfvm; ? ,if;udk

od'<dt_zpf wdkuf@dkufw_zpfa_ymif;ay;vdkh &w,f ? vlh tqifh tedrfh t_rifh - pGrf;tm;tjuD;tao;wdkh udk

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311

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udka_ymudka_ymaejuw,f ?

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312

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313

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/ aemufqHk;tqifh usrS zGifh ay;rSm ? 'grsdK;u yg&rD*k%f&Sdef}uD;&ifhvSolwdkh rS _zpfrSm / usifh &wm

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oGm;&rSm ?

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vm &rSm_zpfw,f ? roJuGJ&m uae oJuGJvmrSm_zpfw,f ? roHk;wwf&muae oHk;wwfvmrSm_zpfw,f ?

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314

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tifrwef_rifh wJh tqifh a&mufrS / yef;wdkifa&mufrSom vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm; xdk;xGufEdkifrSm_zpfw,f ?

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juD;vJjuD;aejuwm / tpGrf;tpuvJ juD;vdkufwm ? 'gayrJh olhwdkh taeeJh u r*fzdkvftqifh &csifrS&rSm ?

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cHae&wJhtcg / oifpdwfcdkifygh rvm; ? 'gh ajumifh 'dAýp=KzGifh ^yD; usifh &wm vJ cufwmbJvdkh qdk&wm /

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bdkh avmraeeJh ?

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315

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&Sm;vSygayw,f/ / tawmfh udk jumanmif;wJh ordkif;umvwpfckrSmrS wpfa,mufavmufom ay:vmEdkif

wm ? rSefw,f / yg&rD*k%f&Sdef}uD;&ifholwdkh taeeJh OD;pGm yxrtm;_zifh yg&rDukodkvfawG trsm;juD;

ygvmju& rSm / ckvdkt_zLxnfcGif tawmfh udk juD;&rSm_zpfw,f / 'guawmh wpfxpfcsaygh ?

wcsdefwnf;rSm olh taeeJh cg;oD;wumh cg;oD;qHk;qif;&J'k=t00udk cHEdkif&nf@Sd&r,f ? juD;rm;vSwJh

c÷Dyg&rDeJh vJ _ynfh 0&r,f / ^yD;awmh pGefh v$wfEdkif& r,f / udk,fusifh w&m;vJ apmifh xdef;Edkif&r,f ?

todw&m;vJ aumif;&r,f ... ponf_zifh aygh ?

cg;oD;wumh cg;oD;qHk;qif;&J'k=qdkwm bmvJ ? vl_zpfvm&_cif;[m qif;&J'k=cH&bdkh udk

_zpfw,f / vl&,fvdkh _zpfvm&wJh aemufawmh / 'k=cH&bdkh om @Sdw,fvdkh Ak'<bmomxJrSm cH,lxm;ju

w,f ? [if;vif;_yifwumu ouf@Sdwdkh [m omrefvlwdkh &Jh cE<mr@Sdjubl; ? 'gh ajumifh a&m*g&jurSm

r[kwfovdk / arG;-tdk-em-ao _y\emvJ @SdrSmr[kwfbl; ? 'Dawmh ckvdk'k=awGvJ @SdaerSmr[kwfvdkh

olwdkh u cH,lxm;juw,f ? 'd_yif[if;vif;_yifu vlawG[m tav;csdefrJh t_zpfrsdK;eJh avxJrSm vGifh

arsmedkifjuw,f / tifrwefqef;ju,f / tifrwef aysmfp&maumif;aygh ? omrefvlawGtaeeJh uawmh

'DcE<mudk,fjuD; @Sdae&avawmh um / a[m'Dvdk_y\emrsdK;eJh &ifqdkifaeju&wmaygh ? at;vJr_zpf /

tdkufvJ r_zpf / a&iwfvJ r_zpf / qmvJ r_zpf / armyef;vJ r_zpf pHkvdkh aygh ? ^yD;awmh arG;-tdk-em-aovJ

@Sdvdkufao;w,f ? ukefukefa_ym&&if / aeomxdkifom @Sdudkr@Sdbl;qdkygawmh ?

316

xefpef;(Tangshan) ivsiftajumif;ygwJh owif;pmwpfapmifudk u|efawmf zwfvdkuf&

bl;w,f ? ivsifab;rSm vlawGtrsm;juD; aoukefjww,f ? 'gayrJh wcsdKh [m ta&;ay: u,fq,fa&;

rSmaoab; u vGwfvmjuw,f ? 'DvlawGudk txl;vlr+pHkprf;a&;wpf&yf vkyfcJh w,f ? ÞaoaewJh

ta_ctaerSm / oifb,fvdkcHpm;rdovJß vdkh ar;wJh tcg / rxifrdavmufatmif tHh jop&maumif;wmu

/ xl;_cm;vSwJh t_zpfwpf&yfudk wnDwnf;a_ymvmjuwm_zpfw,f ? tJ'gu b,fvdkvJ qdkawmh / aowJh

tcdkuftwefh rSm ajumufpdwf@Sdbdkh aeaeomom / u|wfvGwfovdk cHpm;r+wpfrsdK;udk awmif

@kwfcsif;cHpm;rdvmjuw,f / tm;wufovdk rodromcHpm;rdvmjuw,fwJh ? wcsdKh uvJ rdrdtaeeJh

udk,fcE<mtaESmiftzGJh u vGwf^yD; / tifrwefaysmfp&m / tifrwef qef;ju,fpGm aygh aygh yg;yg; vGifh

arsmvmwmudk odae&w,f / rdrdudk,fcE<mudkvJ _rifae&w,fvdkh qdkw,f ? wcsdKh uvJ 'd_yif[if;vif;_yif

u ouf@SdawGudk _rifju&w,f ? wcsdKh usawmh vJ ae&mwcsdKh udk a&mufoGm;juw,f ponf_zifh pHkvdkh

aygh ? 'Dw'*FtwGif;rSm qif;&J'k=cH&_cif; r@SdbJ / u|wfvGwfvmovdk cHpm;rdwJh tajumif; / tm;wufvm

ovdk rodrom cHpm;rdwJh tajumif;udk olwdkh tm;vHk;ua_ym_yjuw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh vlh rHocE<m

@Sdaeor#umvywfvHk; qif;&J'k=cHaeju&rSmcsnf;qdkwmudk 'Dtcsufu _yaewmaygh ? 'gayr,fvdkh

vlwdkif;vlwdkif;qdkovdk trd0rf;wGif;uae oufqif;vmjuwmcsnf; _zpfavawmh um / qif;&J'k=rSef;

rodwJh t_zpfudk qdkufaeju&wmaygh ?

vlqdkwm cg;oD;wumh cg;oD;qHk;qif;&J'k=wdkh udk cH&rSm_zpfajumif; u|efawmfa_ymcJh ^yD ?

vlom;wdkh &Jh 'Dtcsdef-tmum_yifcH,lcsuf[m w_cm;ydkjuD;wJh tcsdef-tmum_yifeJh wlwmr[kwfbl; ?

u|efawmfwkdh 'Dbufuwpf pDcsif qdkwm uESpfem&D_zpfw,f ? olwdkh [dktmum_yifu wpfESpfeJh

nDr#aew,f ? 'Dvlh taeeJh ckavmufcg;oD;wJh ywf0ef;usifrSm w&m;usifh aewm odyfawmfwmbJwJh ?

'Dvl[m w&m;&if0,fydkufvdkwJh qEN&Sdae^yD; / w&m;usifh bdkhtmomoefaewm

awmfudkawmfvGefvSygayw,fwJh ? qif;&J'k=awG 0dkif;0dkif;vnfaewJh jum;rSmawmif

yifudk,fADZraysmufao;bJ / udk,fh õmae_yefEdkifatmif a@Sh qufusifh oGm;bdkhudk rarhao;bl;wJh ?

w&m;usifh olwdkhudk bmhajumifh _cGif;csufrJh tultnDay; Edkif&ovJ ? 'gh ajumifh aygh ? tjuifoltaeeJh

omrefvlwdkh &Jh [if;vif;_yifrSm wnwm w&m;xdkifcJh ^yD qdkygawmh / olwdkh u Þ 'Dvlh ES,f awmfvdkufwm

ra_ymeJh awmh ?tJ'DrSmxdkifaewm a_cmufESpfawmif @Sd^yD ß wJh ? bm_yKvdkhvJqdkawmh u|efawmfwdkh

'DuwpfpDcsifu olwdkh qDuwpfESpfeJh nDr#aewmudk; ? u|efawmfwdkh vlom;wdkh &Jh [if;vif;_yifqdkwm

tifrwdtifrwehf udk xl;vSwm?

317

cg;oD;wumh cg;oD;qHk;qif;&J'k=awGudk b,fvdkcH&rvJ ? Oyrmqdkygawmh / wpfaeh rSm

vlwpfa,muftvkyfoGm;wufw,f ? õmetaeeJh ta_crvS _zpfae&w,f ? tvkyfxuf vlursm;ae

avawmh b,f_zpfrvJ ? _yK_yifa_ymif;vJa&; vkyfvm&awmhrSmaygh ? uHx@dkuf,lvkyfvm&awmh rSmqdk

awmhydkaewJh vlawGudk av#mhypf&awmhr,fav ? olvJwpfa,muf tygt0if_zpfavawmh / pm;cGuf

vufvGwft_zpf wr[kwfcsif; usa&muf&ygava&m ? olh taeeJh b,fvdkcHpm;rdrvJqdkwm pOf;pm;vdkh

om junhf juaygh av ? vpmxkwfbdkh ae&mr@Sdavawmh / aea&;xdkifa&; b,fheJhvkyfygh rvJ ? w_cm;[m

wpfckckvkyf&atmifuvJ bmrSrwwfbl; ? rd+ifawGawG tdrf_yefa&mufvmygava&m ? tdrf_yef

a&mufw,fqdk&ifbJ / tdrfuvljuD;olru zsm;ae_yef / tonf;toefudk _zpfaewmeJh juHK&avawmh /

wpfacgif;vHk; r$efxGefoGm;rwwf _zpf&@Smwmaygh ? aq;@Hkydkh bdkh t_refpDpOf ? renf;juD;udk vdkufacs;ygrS acs;

vdkh &wJh aiGuav;eJh aq;@Hkwif_zpfawmh w,f ? vlemoHk;ypPnf;awG oGm;ydkh bdkh tdrf_yefvm ? tdrfa&mufp

@Sdao;w,f / ausmif;uq&maygufvmygava&m ? Þausmif;om;wpfa,mufudk cifAsm;om;u@dkufvdkh /

vdkufjunhf ygOD;ß qdkwmeJh/ vdkufoGm;&_yefygava&m ? udpPt^yD; tdrf_yefa&mufvdkh xdkif@Hk@Sdao;w,f ?

w,fvDzkef;_rnfvdkh aumufudkifvdkufwJh tcg /Þ cifAsm;rdef;rt_yifrSm aemufrD;vif;ae^yDß wJh ?[kwfwm

aygh av ? trsm;wumwdkh taeeJh uawmh ckvdkt_zpfrsdK; juHKrSmr[kwfbl; ? awmf@Hkwef@Hkvlqdk ckavmuf

'k=rsdK;udk b,fcHEdkif&nf@SdrvJ ? ÞuJ / 'davmufawmif@SdvSwm / &SifaevdkhbmvkyfOD;rvJ ?

judK;wpfacsmif;avmuf@Sm^yD; / qGJjudK;csvdkuf / at;a&mß qdk^yD; vkyfvmrSm ? u|efawmfa_ymzl;w,f

r[kwfvm;/ vlqdkwm cg;oD;wumh cg;oD;qHk; qif;&J'k=awGudk cHEdkif&nf@Sd&rSmvdkh ? ckvdkyHkrsdK;twdkif; awmh

vJ [kwfcsifrS[kwfrSmayghav ? 'gayrJhvJ wpfa,mufeJh wpfa,muf Om%feDOm%feufqifju

cGufapmif;ckwfjuwJhtcgrsdK;rSm / pdwfcsif;yGwfrdwdkufrdjuwJh tcgrsdK;rSm / udk,fusdK;eJh ywfoufvdkh t^ydKif

tqdkifvkyfju/ twdkuftcdkuf vkyfjuwJh tcgrsdK;rSm / ckvdk[mrsdK;udk @H+;rSmr[kwfbl; ? vlrsm;pGmwdkh[m

rmefrmeuav; twGuf @SifaejuolawGyDyD / cHEdkif&nfr@SdwJh wpfaeh us&if qGJjudK;csukefjuygava&m ? 'gh

ajumifh u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh ckavmuf@+yfaxG;vSwJh ywf0ef;usifrsdK;rSm usifh oGm;ju&rSm _zpfavawmh

um / cg;oD;wumh cg;oD;qHk; qif;&J'k=awGudk cHEkdif&nf@Sdju&rSm_zpfw,f ? wcsdefwnf;rSm

juD;rm;_cif;ru juD;rm;vSwJh c÷Dyg&rDvJ aqmufwnfju&rSm_zpfw,f ?

juD;rm;_cif;ru juD;rm;vSwJh c÷Dyg&rDqdkwm bmwJh vJ ? w&m;orm;wpfa,muftaeeJh

OD;pGmyxrtm;_zifh vkyfEdkif&rSmu_zifh /t@dkufcH&wJhtcg _yefr@dkuf&bl; / tqJcH&wJh tcg _yefrqJ&bl; /

onf;cHEdkif&r,f ? Edkh r[kwf&if w&m;orm;vdkh qdkEdkifrSmwJh vm; ? wcsdKh u b,fvdka_ymovJqdkawmh /

318

Þonf;nnf;cH&wm odyfcufwm / u|efawmfu odyfpdwfwdkwmßwJh ? pdwfwdk&if _yifrSaygh ? w&m;orm;

qdkwm onf;nnf;udkcH&rSm ? wcsdKhrsm;qdk&if om;orD;qHk;r&mrSmawmif a'golykefxwwfjuw,f/

qlvdkhrefvdkhudk r_yD;Ekdifatmif_zpfaewwfjuw,f / om;orD;awGudk tkyfxdef;&mrSm bmckvdk_zpfaep&m

vdkovJ ? udk,fh taeeJh u a'goudk xdef;rSaygh ? om;orD;awGudk qHk;r&mrSm tusdK;oifh tajumif;oifh

qHk;rygrS / uav;awGvdrRmvmatmif wu,fwrf; qHk;r&musrSm ? udpPtao;tzGJuav;rSmawmif /

rausmfEdkifbJ a'go_zpfae&if / b,fh eJh vkyf od'<dwufedkifygh rvJ ? wcsdKh u b,fvdka_ymovJqdkawmh /

Þvrf;xGufwJh tcg wpfa,mufa,mufu usKyfudka_caxmufeJhuef&if / usKyfudk b,folrSrodjuvdkh /

onf;cHaeEdkifrSmß wJh ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f / 'davmufeJh b,favmufOD;rvJ ? aemifus&if oift@SufuGJrSm

tajumufqHk; ola@Sh rSm yg;ESpfcsufavmuf tcscH&aumif;cH&rSm / t@SufuGJaumif; uGJ&rSm? oifh taeeJh

b,fvdkaervJ / onf;cHEdkifrcHEdkifqdkwmudk junhf&awmhrSmaygh? oifh taeeJh onf;awmhcHEdkifyg&Jh/ 'gayrJh

pdwfxJu cdk;vdk;ckvk _zpfaeOD;r,fqdk&ifvJ / ratmifao;bl;vdkh qdk&rSm ? trsm;odwJh twdkif; /

&[÷mtqifh a&mufwJh tcg / b,fvdkt_zpf rsdK;eJh juHK&juHK& / pdwfxJrSm b,fvdkrS oabmxm;aeawmh

rSm r[kwfbl; ? omrefvlawGjum;u udpPrSefor#wdkh [m olwdkh pdwfxJrSm vHk;vHk;udk ae&m@Sdaeawmh

rSmr[kwfbl; ? t^rJtpOf ^yHK;aerSm ? b,fh avmufjuD;udk epfemcH& cH&vJ t^yHK;ysufrSm r[kwfbl; ? oifh

taeeJh wu,fwrf; vkyfEdkifr,fqdk&if / &[÷my%mrr*fzdkvftqifh aygufae^yD rSwfayawmh ?

wcsdKh u b,fvdka_ymovJqdkawmh / Þonf;cHwm tJ'davmufxdatmifcHae&if /Øaysmh nHh

vGef;vScsnfvm; / tEdkifusifh vdkh aumif;vScsnfvm;× vdkh vJomrefvlwdkh ua_ymvmawmh rSmaygh ßwJh ?

u|efawmfa_ymr,f ? 'gaysmh nHh &mrusbl; ? wqdwfpOf;pm;junhf juprf;yg / omrefvlawGjum;u

t@G,f&olawG / ynmtqifh _rifh olawGuawmifrS usifh0wfoduQmapmifhpnf;wwfjubdkh / udk,fh udk,fudk

omrefvlawGeJh wpfwef;wnf; oabmxm;raejubdkh a_ymaejuwm ? u|efawmfwdkh w&m;orm;awG

tbdkh qdk&ifom^yD;awmh awmifa_ymaep&m b,fvdkawmh rvJ ? ,if;udkaysmh nHh wmvdkh b,fh eJh

vkyfqdkEdkifrvJ ? u|efawmfa_ymr,f / juD;rm;_cif;ru juD;rm;vSwJh c÷Dyg&rDqdkwm'gaygh /

ZGJowWdcdkifrm_cif;qdkwm 'gaygh ? w&m;orm;rSom ckvdkjuD;rm;_cif;ru juD;rm;vSwJh c÷Dyg&rDaqmufwnf

EdkifrSm ? Þa,musfm;bom;qdkwm apmfum;cH&_yDqdk&if / "g;qGJ^yD;cHcs^yDom rSwfayawmh ?ßvdkh t&yfxJrSm

a_ymaejuw,f r[kwfvm; ? omrefvl qdkawmh omrefvlyDyD / igh udk qJ&if igu_yefqJrSm / igh udk@dkuf&if

igu_yef@dkufrSm ? 'guawmh omrefvlayudk; ? olhudk usifholvdkhqdkEdkifrvm; ? w&m;orm;wpfa,muf

taeeJh pdwf"mwfrjuHhcdkif&if udk,fh udkudk,f xdef;EdkifrSmr[kwfbl; / tJ'Dvdk vkyfEdkifrSmr[kwfbl; ?

319

trsm;odwJh twdkif; / a@S;acwfu [ef@Sifh (Han Xin) qdkwJh ykídKvfwpfOD;@Sdw,f ? udk,f&nf

udk,faoG;xufolyDyD / {u&mZfvsdKyef;(Liu Bang) &Jh ppfoljuD; _zpfvm&wmaygh / EdkifiHh rÐdKif_zpfvm&wm

aygh ? bm_yKvdkh ckavmufjuD;juD;us,fus,f vkyfEdkif&ovJqdk&if / [ef@Sifh[m i,fi,fuwnf;u olvdkig

vdk vlrsdK;r[kwfbJudk; ? olhtajumif;eJh ywfoufvdkh ckvdkt_zpfwpfckudk trsm;odaejuw,f ? vlh

aygifjum;u [ef@Sifht@SufuGJcef;qdkwmaygh ? [ef@Sifh [m i,fi,fuwnf;u udk,fcHodkif;ynm vdkufpm;cJh

w,f ? odkif;orm;awGqdkwm udk,frSm"g;aqmifxm;avh@Sdjuw,f ? wpfaehusawmh vrf;rSm vlqdk;vlrdkuf

wpfa,mufu olha@Sh uae cg;axmuf^yD; zrf;wm;vdkufw,f ? rif;u "g;vG,fxm;wm bmvkyfrvdkh vJ ?

vlowf&Jvdkhvm; ? owf&J&if igh acgif;udk _zwfcsvdkufprf;qdk^yD; / acgif;udk pif;ay;vmygava&m ?

Þbm_yKvdkh eifh acgif;udk igu_zwfae&rSmvJß vdkh [ef@Sifh u pOf;pm;aewmaygh ? [dkacwf[dktcguvJ

vlowf&if tm%mydkifwdkhudkwdkif& / ao'%ftay;cH&rSmrdkh / owfcsifwdkif; owfvdkh &wmrSwfvdkh ? olh udk

[ef@Sifh rowf&JrSef;vJ oda&m ? Þigh udkrowf&J&if / igh aygifjum;uae wGm;oGm;ayawmh ß vdkh qdkw,f ?

[ef@Sifh u wu,fh udk olh aygifjum;xJuae wGm;xGufoGm; w,f ? [ef@Sifh taeeJh ES,fES,f&&r[kwfwJh

juD;rm;_cif;ru juD;rm;_cif;vSygaywJh c÷Dyg&rD_ynfh0yHkudk 'Dtcsufu _yaew,f ? olvdkigvdk omrefvlrsdK;

r[kwfvkdkh om / ckavmufjuD;rm;wJh xa_rmufatmif_rifr+udk olpGrf;aqmifEdkifwmaygh ? vlqdkwm

rmefrmeuav;wpfvHk;avmufawmh@Sdae&rSmayghvdkh qdkwm[m / omrefvlwdkh&Jh pum;_zpfw,f ? wqdwf

avmufpOf;pm;junhfjuprf;yg ? 'Drmefrmeuav;twGuf @Sifae&wmrarmvm;-ryef;vm; / pdwf'k=r

a&muf&ayvm; / armyef;&usdK;-pdwf'k=a&muf&usdK; eyf&Jh vm;vdkh ? bmbJa_ymaeae / [ef@Sifh[m

omrefvlbJr[kwfvm; ? u|efawmfwdkhuawmh w&m;orm;_zpfavawmhum / olhxuf tyHkjuD;om&rSm

aygh ? u|efawmfwdkh &nfrSef;csufu omrefvlwdkh &Jh tqifh udk ausmfvGef^yD; / ydk_rifhwJhtqifhqDudk wufvSrf;

oGm;ju&rSm r[kwfvm; ? u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh uawmh [ef@Sifhvdkt_zpfrsdK; usa&muf&rSm r[kwfbl; ?

'gayrJh w&m;orm;wdkh taeeJh omrefvlawGjum;rSm apmfum;cH& / t@SufuGJ&wJh tcgrsdK;rSmvJ / ,if;udk

rrSDbJaecsifrSaerSm ? vlvlcsif; wpfa,mufeJh wpfa,muf pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;t& yGwfrd-wdkufrdjuwJh

tcgrsdK;rSmvJ / u|efawmfa_ymr,f / 'grsdK;udk @H+;rSmr[kwfbl; ? vGef&ifomvGefr,f-rrSDbJawmhaerSmr

[kwfbl; ? tifrwefcufwmcsnf;bJaygh ?

wcsdefwnf;rSm / w&m;orm;wdkh taeeJh pGefh v$wfEdkifju&rSmvJ_zpfw,f? omrefvlawG

jum;u tpGJtrsdK;rsdK; / &ruftzHkzHkwdkhudk pGefhv$wfju&rSm_zpfw,f ? 'gawGudk wpfcgwnf;eJhawmh b,fvkyf

vdkh &rvJ ? u|efawmfwdkh taeeJh w_znf;_znf; vkyfoGm;Edkifwmaygh ? uaeh oifwpfcgwnf;eJh vkkyfEdkif

320

^yDqdk&if /oifuaeh bJ bk&m;_zpfaea&maygh ? usifh juHa&;qdkwm w_znf;_znf; usifh ,l&wm ? 'gayr,fvdkh

oifh taeeJh uawmh udk,fhudkudk,foHywfav#mhrxm;aveJh ? Þusifh juHa&;qdkwm

w_znf;_znf;usifh ,l&wmvdkh q&mocifu a_ym^yD ? 'DawmhusKyfwdkhu w_znf;_znf;usifhoGm;juwmaygh ß

vdkh oifa_ym aumif; a_ymvmvdrfh r,f ? 'Dvdkqdk b,f_zpfrvJ ? oifh taeeJhu udk,fh udkudk,f

wif;wif;usyfusyfjuyf rwf&rSm_zpfw,f ? Ak'<w&m;usifh &mrSmoifh taeeJh @Gyf@Gyfc|Hc|H

xufxuf_ruf_rufusifh oGm;&rSm_zpfw,f ?

^yD;awmh udk,fusifh w&m;udkvJ apmifh pnf;oGm;ju&rSm_zpfw,f / pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;udkvJ

apmifh xdef;oGm;&rSm_zpfw,f ? pdwfvdkufrmefyg t&rf;av#mufvkyfvdkh r_zpfbl; ? oifh taeeJh pdwful;ayguf

wdkif; aygh aygh wefwefav#mufvkyfvdkh r_zpfbl; ? udk,fhpdwf&nfpdwfaoG;udk apmifhxdef;oGm;Edkif&rSm

_zpfw,f ? Þukodkvf_yKju / yg&rDukodkvfawGpkjuß qdkwJh pum;wpfcGef;udk omrefvlawGjum;rSm

rjumrjum jum;ae&rSm_zpfw,f ? w&m;orm;awGtaeeJhawmhu yg&rDukodkvfawGudk pkbdkh r[kwfbJ /

apmifhxdef;bdkh_zpfw,f ? bm_yKvdkh yg&rDukodkvfawGudk apmifhxdef;&rSmvJqdkawmh / ckvdkta_ctae

wpf&yfudk u|efawmfwdkh awGhae&vdkh_zpfw,f ? yg&rDukodkvfawGpkjuqdkwmu omrefvlawG a_ymae

juwm ? olwdkh tzdkh u aumif;r+_yKrS yg&rDukodkvf&rSm / aemufb0us&if aumif;pm;rSmudk; ? u|efawmfwdkh

'DrSmuawmh 'D_y\emr@SdawmhbJudk; ? oifaygufa_rmufwJh wpfaeh us&if atmif^yD_zpfavawmh /

aemifb0 &,fvdkh b,f@Sdaeawmh rSmvJ ? yg&rDukodkvfapmifh xdef;bdkh 'DrSm u|efawmfwdkh a_ymju&mrSm /

t"dÑm,f wpfv$m@Sdao;w,f ? b,fvdkvJqdkawmh u|efawmfwdkh udk,fcE<mrSmygvmwJh @kyf0wÔKESpfrsdK;[m

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oifh taeeJh aeh wdkif; tJ'DvdkvkyfaeOD;awmh / }uHKcsifrS}uHK&rSm ?

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wpfckckudk oifuraumif;wmvdkh xif^yD; 0ifpGufrd&if / aumif;wJh udpP _zpfaumif;_zpfaerSm ? bm_yKvdkh vJ

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omrefvGefvlyDyD udk,fhudkudk,fomrefvGefw&m;oabmeJh juyfrwfoGm;&awmh rSmaygh / omrefvlawG

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321

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_zpfaeap&r,fvdkh qdkwm ? pdwful;aygufwdkif; oifxvkyfvdkh r_zpfbl; ? wcsdKh u b,fvdka_ymovJ

qdkawmh Þu|efawmfu vlrormawGudk odyfqHk;rcsifwmß wJh ? 'Dawmh u|efawmfa_ymr,f / oif&Jom;om

oGm;vkyfayawmh ? 'Dvdka_ymvdkh vJ / vlowfrD;@d+h wJh t_zpfrsdK;eJh juHK&wJh tcgrsdK;rSmawmifrS a@SmifoGm;ju

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u armifrJudk uefvdkuf-xdk;vdkuf^yDqdkygawmh ? armifrJtaeeJh armif_zLudk ay;qyfp&m@Sdaevdkh olwdkh

pm&if;@Sif;aejuwm _zpfaumif;_zpfaerSm ? oif0ifpGufvdkuf&if / olwdkh pm&if;rcsKyf_zpfao;vdkh /

aemufxyfjuHKjuwJh tcg / 'DyHkpHtwdkif; _yefausmh ju&OD;rSm ? 'Dawmh oifh taeeJh ajumif;usdK;w&m;udk

rod&avawmh / raumif;wm vkyfrdwwfyHk / yg&rDdukodkvfqHk;@H+;wwfyHkudk _yaewmaygh ?

omrefvlawG&Jh udpPudk omrefvlawG tkyfxdef;wm bmrSudpPr@Sdbl;aygh ? omrefvlwdkh &Jh

w&m;oabmeJh tnDvkyfaewmudk; ? oifuawmh omrefvGefw&m;oabmeJhtnD udkifwG,f&rSm

_zpfw,f ? oifh taeeJh / vlowfrD;@d+h t_zpfrsdK;udk awGh &ufeJh ta&;rvkyfbJae&if / pdwf&nfpdwfaoG;

_y\emvdkh qdk&rSm_zpfw,f ? vlaumif;wpfa,mufvkyfae^yD; / vlowfrD;@d+h vkyfaewmrsdK;udkawmifrS

ta&;rvkyfbJae&if / b,fvdk[mrsdK;udkrS ta&;vkyfaerSmvJ ? 'gayrJh wpfckawmh @Sdw,f ? 'gawGu

u|efawmfwdkh usifh olawGeJh bmrSywfoufaewmr[kwfvdkh / oifh udk pDpOfay;csifrSay;rSm ? tJ'Dvdkt_zpfrsdK;

udk oifh taeeJh juHKcsifrSjuHK&rSm ? yg&rDukodkvf apmifhxdef;bdkh u|efawmfwdkh Ed+;aqmfwmu / oifh taeeJh

raumif;wmrvkyfrdapbdkh _zpfw,f ? rawmfvdkh oifh taeeJh r[kwfwmav; enf;enf;avmufvkyfrd&if /

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vJ aumif;p&m@Sdwmaygh ? ywf0ef;usif*,ufuvJ tusdK;oGm;ay:aerSmaygh av ?

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vJ _yefaumif;vmrSm_zpfajumif; / &JawGawmif @SdcsifrS@Sdawmh rSm_zpfajumif;vJ u|efawmfwdkh ua_ymxm;

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322

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aygh ? 'gh ajumifh vlr_rifwJh tcg / raumif;wm awG qufvkyfoGm;OD;rSmaygh ? wu,fvdkh vlwdkif;vlwdkif;

udk,fh twGif;oÐmefrSm usifh ju&if / ta_ctae vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm;udk wlrSmr[kwfawmh bl; ? oifh taeeJh

vJ cH&olbufu 0ifulaep&m vdkrSmr[kwfawmh bl; ?

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csD^yD;ae^yDrdkh / w&m;awmftwdkif; usifh oGm;vdkh &ae^yD ?

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vlawGydk^yD;awmh rsm;rsm;pm;pm; tusdK;cHpm;&apatmif / wu,fwrf;usifh csifolwdkh udk w&m;eJh tnD usifh

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u vlvkyfwJh w&m;oabmudkvJ @Sif;_ycJh w,f ? oifwdkh taeeJh 'Davh vma&;oifwef;^yD;wJh aemufrSm /

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323

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_zpfvmrSm _zpfw,f ?

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'guu|efawmfh &nf@G,f&if;_zpfw,f ? u|efawmfwdkh w&m;_zefhju / usifhpOf_zefhju&mrSm / vlrsm;pGmwdkh u

w&m;uawmh aumif;yg&Jh / 'gayrJh vdkufvkyfwJhtcg odyfcufwmvdkh xifaejuw,f ? pifppfu|efawmfh

txifa_ym&&if / cuf-rcufqdkwmeJh ywfoufvdkh / vludkjunhf&r,f ? olvdkigvdkomrefvlwpfa,muf

taeeJhusifhcsifpdwfr@Sd&if / usifhjuHa&;qdkwm cufvdkuforS ra_ymeJhawmh / pOf;pm;vdkhr&vdkufwm ra_ymeJh

awmh / usifhvdkh&rSm r[kwfvdkhxifaerSm ? ol[m omrefvlwpfa,mufyDyD / rusifhcsifavawmhum /

odyfcufwmvdkh xifaerSmaygh ? @SifawmfavmifZDu ckvdkqdkcJhw,f / Þtxufwef;ykídKvftaeeJh

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wJhtcg / usifhvJ_zpf-rusifhvJ_zpfaygh ? atmufwef;ykídKvfusawmh w&m;jum;&wJhtcg / w[m;[m;

&,fygava&m ? olr&,f&if w&m;vdkh b,fac:awmh rvJß wJh ? wu,fwrf;usifh olwdkh tbdkh usawmh /

u|efawmfa_ymr,f / tvG,fuav;aygh / vufvSrf;rrSDEdkifp&mrsdK; b,f[kwfrvJ ? pifppf 'DrSmxdkifaejuwJh

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ukefju^yD ? u|efawmfxkwfra_ymwm w_cm;ajumifr[kwfbl;? oifwdkh tpGJ_zpfrSmpdk;vdkh / udk,fhudk,fudk

[kwfvS^yDqdk^yD; tjunfqdkufaerSmpdk;vdkh / oifwdkh usifh tm;wufa&;udk xdcdkufrSmpdk;vdkh ra_ymbJaewm ?

wu,fwrf;pdwf'Hk;'Hk;csusifh olwdkh usawmh / onf;cHEdkif&nf@Sdjuw,f ? tusdK;t_rwfawG trsdK;rsdK;a@Sh rSm

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324

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/ ,if;udk pGefhbdkhqdkwm odyfcufwm ? 'DtusdK;awGu tJ'DrSmudk@Sdaewmudk; ? 'Dawmh 'DtpGJudk b,fheJh

vkyfpGefhyghrvJ ? cufw,fvdkhqdkwm pifppftJ'DrSm cufaewmaygh ? wpfa,mufeJh wpfa,muf yãdy=

_zpfjuwJhtcgrsdK;rSm / 'Drmefrmeuav;udk rcsEdkifonf;cHraeEdkif_zpfaejuw,f/ udk,fhudk,fudk w&m;orm;

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u|efawmfusifhwkef;u tajumif;udk _yefa_ym&&if / ykídKvfxl;rsm;pGmwdkhu ckvdka_ymjuw,f / Þonf;cH&

cufwmrsdK;udk onf;cHEdkif&nf@Sd&r,f / vkyf&cufwmrsdK;udk vkyfEdkif&nf @Sd&r,fß wJh ? pifppfawmh 'Dtwdkif;

bJaygh ? tdrf_yefa&mufjuwJhtcg / prf;junhfjuaygh ? wu,fwrf; uyfqdkufvm&wJh tcgrsdK;rSm_zpf_zpf /

*dwfausmfvm&wJh tcgrsdK;rSm_zpf_zpf / prf;junhfjuayawmh ? onf;cH&cufvmwJh tcgrsdK;rSm / onf;cHvdkh

om aeayawmh ? r_zpfEdkifvdkh xifae&wJh jum;xJrSm / r_zpfEdkifbl;vdkhvJ qdkvdkuf_yefao;w,f ? 'Dawmh

_zpf-r_zpfqdkwm prf;junhfvdkufaygh ? wu,fvdkh oifhtaeeJh wu,fwrf;vkyfEdkifr,fqdk&if / pdrf;!dkh!dkh

rdk;rc / awmufya0qmyef; awG_rdKifaewJh aemufwpf&Gmß udk awGhvm&rSm trSefyg/

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udkudk,fw&m;orm;t_zpf oabmxm;^yD; wu,fwrf;usifhoGm;jubdkh ar#mfvifhw,f ? oifom;a[mif;

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jubdkh ar#mfvifh w,f ? tdrf_yefa&mufjuwJh tcg / tcsdefvk̂ yD; vufawGh usifh oGm;Edkifjuygap ?

* * * * * *

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wkd;jrSif.bkd. vkH;0 rjzpfapekdifwm jzpfygw,f/ ..................................

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