1. Barthes (1915 1980) was a Frenchliterary theorist, philosopher and critic.Barthes ideas explored a range offields and he influenced thedevelopment of schools of theoryincludingstructuralism, semiotics, socialtheory, anthropology and post-structuralism. His theory on Media-Codes was important to the media in

2. The Hermeneutic Code The Hermeneutic Code (orEnigma code) refers to any The Proairetic Code (ACT)element of the story that isnot fully explained and hence The Proairetic Code (Action code) alsobecomes a mystery to the builds tension, referring to any other actionreader. The full truth is often or event that indicates something else isavoided. The purpose of the going to happen, and which hence gets theauthor in this is typically to reader guessing as to what will happenkeep the audience guessing, next.arresting the enigma, until thefinal scenes when all isrevealed and all loose endsare tied off and closure isachieved.

3. The Semantic Code This code refers The Symbolic Codeto connotation withinthe story that gives This is very similar to the Semantic Code,additional meaning but acts at a wider level, organizingover the basic semantic meanings into broader anddenotative meaning of deeper sets of meaning.the word. This is typically done in the use of antithesis, where new meaning arises out It is by the use of of opposing and conflict ideas.extended meaning thatcan be applied towords that authors canpaint rich pictures withrelatively limited textand the way they dothis is a commonindication of theirwriting skills.

4. The Cultural Code This code refers to anything that is founded onsome kind of canonical works that cannot bechallenged and is assumed to be a foundation fortruth. Typically this involves either science or religion,although other canons such as magical truths maybe used in fantasy stories. The Gnomic Code is acultural code that particularly refers to sayings,proverbs, clichs and other common meaning-giving word sets.

5. The Hermeneutic and Proairetic Codes work as a pair to develop the storys tensions and keep the reader interested. Barthes described them as:"...dependent on ... two sequential codes: the revelationof truth and the coordination of the actions represented: there is the same constraint in the gradual order ofmelody and in the equally gradual order of the narrative sequence."

6. Barthes theory suggests that by not fully explaining something and creatinga mystery, it keeps the audience guessing about what will happen. By notexplaining certain scenarios, shots and plot lines it leaves the audience totry and work out what the film is about and thus would be encouraged to goand see the film.Best examples of the enigma code being used in trailers are in horrortrailers. This is because of the monster would not be revealed as thiswould ruin the element of shock, surprise and mystery about it.

7. Horror: Insidious One of the codes shown are hermeneutic codes. This is shown though the ghosts/spirits in the trailer, there is no indication of what is going to happen to the characters, which raises many questions in the audiences mind such as What will happen to the characters? and Will the demons ever leave the family house?. The storyline creates mystery and enigmas in how the story will end and it makes the audience use their imagination and events that will occur next. Another enigma that is created in the trailer is the audience are left on a cliff-hanger of whether or not the exorcist will be able to succeed in the exorcism, this will intrigue the audience into going to the cinema to answer their questions. Proairetic codes are also used in the trailer. This is shown through the exorcist in the trailer; the audience are left wondering whether the exorcist will be able to get rid of the demons and treat the characters in the trailer who have been possessed by the demons of whether the exorcist too become possessed by the demons.

8. Thriller: Face off Hermeneutic codes are used in Face off, this code creates mystery as it makes the audience wonder why the killer killed the detectives son; what was his motive? Proairetic codes makes the audience think about what is going to happen next. Will the killer ever be found? It also raises questions whether the killer will strike again and kill other members of the detective family, this will intrigue the audience members into watching the full film at the