Romanticism

Anuja Auti1410405

• Romanticism (also the Romantic era or the Romantic period) was an artistic, literary, and intellectual movement that originated in Europe toward the end of the 18th century and in most areas was at its peak in the approximate period from 1800 to 1850.

Focus on “intellectual intuition”

• A movement in art and literature in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries in revolt against the Neoclassicism of the previous centuries• The German poet Friedrich Schlegel, who is given credit for first using

the term romantic to describe literature, defined it as "literature depicting emotional matter in an imaginative form.• Imagination, emotion, and freedom are certainly the focal points of

romanticism.

Defining Romanticism

Basic characteristics

• The importance of the Romantics placed on emotion is summed up in the remark of the German painter Caspar David Friedrich that "the artist's feeling is his law“.• Any list of particular characteristics of the literature of romanticism

includes subjectivity and an emphasis on individualism; spontaneity; freedom from rules; solitary life rather than life in society; the beliefs that imagination is superior to reason and devotion to beauty; love of and worship of nature; and fascination with the past, especially the myths and mysticism of the middle ages

Caspar David Friedrich Francisco Goya Théodore Géricault 

Wanderer above the Sea of Fog (1818). 94.8 × 74.8 cm, Kunsthalle Hamburg.

well-known and especially Romantic masterpiece was described by the historian John Lewis Gaddis as leaving a contradictory impression

"suggesting at once mastery over a landscape and the insignificance of the individual within it”.

Francisco Goya, Third of May, 1808, oil on canvas.

Francisco Goya, Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters, from Los Caprichos (The Caprices) Plate 43, 1798, etching and aquatint.

He is asleep, slumped on a table while creatures converge on him .The creatures are Owls, then a symbol of folly andbats a symbol of ignorance; What is romantic about it? Monsters, creatures,imaginative, emotional, nightmarish , fantasy not reason

Francisco Goya, Family of Charles IV, 1800, 9’2” X 11,’ Oil on canvas

Francisco Goya, Saturn Devouring One of His Children, 1819-1823, Detached Fresco mounted on Canvas

Theodore Gericault, Insane Woman, 1822-1823, Oil on Canvas

What tells you she’s insane? Redness of her eyes, mouth is tense, lines in her face depict her suffering,

influence of the mental state on human faces and believed that the face accurately revealed the character especially at the moment of death

sculptures

Beethoven, Wagner, Brahms: works pushed the standards of composition by including sorrowful moods, melodramatic climaxes, and extreme crescendos Beethoven’s “Eroica” (Italian for “heroic”) is an example of Romantic composition

Romanticism in Music

Neoclassicism vs. Romanticism

• Reasons Feelings• Calculation Intuition• Objective Nature Subjective emotions• Interest in Classical Interest in Medieval

• In order to express these feelings, it was considered that the content of the art needed to come from the imagination of the artist, with as little interference as possible from "artificial" rules dictating what a work should consist of.

Thank You