SummarySummary

Geography

History

Politics and Administration

Romania in EuropeRomania in Europe► Romania is situated in the Romania is situated in the

South-East of Europe South-East of Europe

► 43-37'07" and 48-15'06"43-37'07" and 48-15'06" Northern latitudeNorthern latitude

► 20-15'44" and 29-41'24"20-15'44" and 29-41'24" Eastern latitudeEastern latitude

► It occupies 237.500 It occupies 237.500 km²,having a population of km²,having a population of over 23 millionsover 23 millions

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The Carpathians form a mountainous arch in the center of the country, bordered The Carpathians form a mountainous arch in the center of the country, bordered both inwards and outwards with hills and plateaus.both inwards and outwards with hills and plateaus.

Over one quarter of the country is forested, and the fauna here is one of the Over one quarter of the country is forested, and the fauna here is one of the richest in Europe including wolves, bears, deer, lynx and chamois. richest in Europe including wolves, bears, deer, lynx and chamois.

The majestic Danube, which forms the Southern border of the country, flows The majestic Danube, which forms the Southern border of the country, flows into the Black Sea making a delta . The Delta is a paradise with many species of birds. into the Black Sea making a delta . The Delta is a paradise with many species of birds.

Romania has borders with Hungary, Serbia, Bulgaria, Moldova and Ukraine. Romania has borders with Hungary, Serbia, Bulgaria, Moldova and Ukraine.

HistoryHistoryThe Romanian territory has been inhabited since the Paleolithic. The Romanian territory has been inhabited since the Paleolithic. The ancient Romans are the Dacians, fierce warriors, who The ancient Romans are the Dacians, fierce warriors, who defeated thedefeated the

Romans under the Emperor Traian, after two particularlyRomans under the Emperor Traian, after two particularlydifficult campaigns at the beginning of the 2difficult campaigns at the beginning of the 2ndnd century AD. Although century AD. Although

the Roman occupation was relatively short-term (165 years), itthe Roman occupation was relatively short-term (165 years), itleft a century-old heritage: the Latin language which survived left a century-old heritage: the Latin language which survived numerous invasions of migratory peoples. numerous invasions of migratory peoples.

Over time the Romans developed national identity, leading toOver time the Romans developed national identity, leading tothe formation of the Romanian feudal states-Valahia and the formation of the Romanian feudal states-Valahia and Moldova, in the 13Moldova, in the 13thth- 14- 14thth centuries. In both countries centuries of centuries. In both countries centuries of

struggle against the Turks followed. During this time, struggle against the Turks followed. During this time, Transylvania was successively occupied by the Ottoman Empire and Transylvania was successively occupied by the Ottoman Empire and

the the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Austro-Hungarian Empire.

Finally, Moldova and Valahia unified in 1859, leading to the Finally, Moldova and Valahia unified in 1859, leading to the country’s independence in 1877, and the union with country’s independence in 1877, and the union with Transylvania in 1918. Transylvania in 1918. The communist regime after the World War II lasted 45 years and The communist regime after the World War II lasted 45 years and was overthrown by the Revolution of December 1989. was overthrown by the Revolution of December 1989.

Politics and Public Politics and Public Administration Administration

According to the constitution adopted in 1991, RomaniaAccording to the constitution adopted in 1991, Romaniais a republic with a bicameral parliament. The Senators is a republic with a bicameral parliament. The Senators

and Deputies are elected once every four years by and Deputies are elected once every four years by universal secret ballot. universal secret ballot. The national flag is red, yellow and blue. Romania's The national flag is red, yellow and blue. Romania's

national holiday is December the 1national holiday is December the 1stst when, in 1918 the when, in 1918 the Romanian national unitary state was founded. Romanian national unitary state was founded.

The Romanian territory is divided into 40 counties The Romanian territory is divided into 40 counties administered by prefects, mayors of municipalities, the administered by prefects, mayors of municipalities, the

towns towns and villages being under the administration of the county. and villages being under the administration of the county.

Bucharest, the capital, has its own administration, Bucharest, the capital, has its own administration, similar to the counties.similar to the counties.

A charming country A charming country Legends like that of Count Dracula, Legends like that of Count Dracula,

or the authentic history of Romania or the authentic history of Romania are many fascinating relics of the past.are many fascinating relics of the past.

Such evidence can be found in Such evidence can be found in Transylvanian wooden churches with Transylvanian wooden churches with

pointed roofs. pointed roofs.

The Danube DeltaThe Danube Delta

This amazing land of water shelters more This amazing land of water shelters more than three hundred species of birds andthan three hundred species of birds andcountless fish species, from sturgeon to carpcountless fish species, from sturgeon to carpand perch, while the 1150 variety of plantand perch, while the 1150 variety of plantspecies range from lianas on tree trunks, species range from lianas on tree trunks, woven in oak forests to water lilies. woven in oak forests to water lilies.

It is no wonder that UNESCO designated It is no wonder that UNESCO designated the Danube Delta as a "Biosphere the Danube Delta as a "Biosphere

Reservation".Reservation".

Romanian MountainsRomanian Mountains

Nera Creek

Balea Lake Ochiul

Beului Lake

The Froze

n Lake, Paran

g

The Fagaras

Mountains

You can find adventure, wildness,

silence…