Roma Inclusion: An Economic Opportunity for Bulgaria, the Czech Czech Republic, Romania, and Serbia...
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Transcript of Roma Inclusion: An Economic Opportunity for Bulgaria, the Czech Czech Republic, Romania, and Serbia...
Roma Inclusion: An Economic Opportunity for Bulgaria, the Czech Czech Republic, Romania, and Serbia
Marijana Jasarevic & Joost de LaatHuman Development EconomicsEurope and Central Asia Vice Presidency
What is the economic argument for Roma inclusion?
World Bank Study tries to answer this:Countries: Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Romania, SerbiaQuantitative analysis: 7 household surveysQualitative analysis: interviews with 222 stakeholders
Four Key Messages
* Roma inclusion is smart economics (a) current labor market integration of Roma is
poor (b) there are large economic benefits of equal
labor market opportunities for Roma(c) Benefits outweigh costs of educating Roma
* Roma want to contribute and have the potential to do so
* There is knowledge about what works for Roma integration
* Resources are available
Roma are much less likely to be working than non-Roma
Bulgaria Czech Republic Romania Serbia0
20
40
60
80
100
70
5663
51
41 40
50
36
Non-Roma Roma
Roma with jobs earn much less than non-Roma
Bulgaria Czech Republic Romania Serbia0
20
40
60
80
100100 100 100 100
69
4339
51
Non-Roma Roma
Roma earnings among those with a job relative to non-Roma with jobs
Young Roma are entering labor markets at much higher rates than aging majority populations
Equal labor market opportunities would generate billions of euros annually in extra output
Bulgaria (2007) Czech Republic* (2008)
Romania (2008) Serbia (2007)0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
526367
887
252
1,070
2,980
1,048
Lower population est. Higher population est.
Equal labor market opportunities would generate fiscal benefits of hundreds of millions of euros annually
Bulgaria (2007) Czech Republic* (2008)
Romania (2008) Serbia (2007)0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
128
260
202
62
260
675
257
Lower population est. Higher population est.
Fiscal benefits are many times larger than the public spending on education
• Assume it would cost 50% more per Roma child• Assume Roma currently complete primary and 10% completes secondary• Assume no Roma attends pre-primary or tertiary
• Fiscal benefits would be >3 times the needed resources to bridge education gap
Four Key Messages
• Roma inclusion is smart economics
• Roma want to contribute and have the potential to do so
• There is knowledge about what works for Roma integration
• Resources are available
Facts do not accord with common perceptions: Roma want to work but cannot find jobs
Male LFP Female LFP
Bulgaria Czech Republic
Romania Serbia0
20
40
60
80
100
79
6875
70
85
61
84
72
Majority group Roma
Bulgaria Czech Republic
Romania Serbia0
20
40
60
80
100
68
4958 55
59
28
37 40
Majority group Roma
Facts do not accord with common perceptions: vast majority of Roma do not depend on social assistance
Bulgaria Romania Serbia0
20
40
60
80
100
1612
25
Proportion of population (%)
Education facts accord with perceptions: the vast majority of Roma do not have a secondary education or higher
Bulgaria Czech Republic Romania Serbia0
20
40
60
80
100
8780
75 77
1320
12 13
Majority Group Roma
Is there a labor market return to secondary education?
Education and Employment Policies to Enhance Roma Inclusion
• Improve outcomes of working-age population through employment activation
• Improving school readiness
• Improving secondary completion
• Rigorously evaluating programs to learn which
specific ones are most effective to improve results and generate public support for proven programs
Resources are available
National resources and EU structural funds are available for Roma inclusion – and can be used for Roma inclusion! Necessary:
(a) Information exchange what works (b) Building capacity for multi-sector
approaches(c) Forming partnerships to use available
resources more! •