ROLE OF WHITEFLY IN PLANT VIRUS TRANSMISSION

PRESENTED BY

P.MANIKANDAN

M.Sc(Agri)Entomology

Chaiman: Dr.R.KannanAssistant Professor in EntomologyAnnamalai university

Index

1.Taxonomy

2. Importance

3. Mechanism of transmission

4. Plant damage

5. Viruses transmitted

Taxonomy

• Kingdom:Animalia Phylum:Arthropoda

• Class:Insecta Order:Hemiptera

• Suborder:Sternorrhyncha

• Superfamily:Aleyrodoidea Family: Aleyrodidae

• Species: 1550 sp. worldwide, 3 are important

-114 viruses are transmitted by these 3 spp.

• Bemisia tabaci -111 viruses

• Trialeurodes vaporariorum -3 viruses

• Trialeurodes abutilonea -3 viruses

• Mostly circulative

• Semi persistent to persistent

• Females efficient in transmission

• LP-few hrs.

• Phloem

VIRUS-VECTOR RELATIONSHIP

•High economic losses

•Monophagus to Polyphagus

•All stage of host

•Fecundity: ~50 to 300+ offspring

•Very low spray threshold

•Insecticide resistance

•Plant virus transmission

ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF WHITEFLIES

Whitefly species identification

species egg nymphs adult

T. vaporariorum

B. tabaci

8

Type of damage

Direct damage

Indirect damage

Virus transmission

Mechanism of transmission

9

Contaminated

diet transmission.

Diet contaminated

by the saliva of

viruliferous insects.

Sexual transmission

Male to female or

vice versa during

copulation.

Cont…

Whitefly transmitting viruses

Geminivirus

(Begamovirus)

Crinivirus

Closterovirus

Geminivirus (Begamovirus)

Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV)

Tomato torrado disease

Cotton leaf crumple virus

Cotton leaf curl virus

Chilly leaf curl virus

Mung bean yellow mosaic virus

Okra enation leaf curl virus

Pepper golden mosaic virus

Potato yellow mosaic virus

Sweet potato leaf curl virus

Squash leaf curl virus

Tomato yellow leaf curl virus

Cabbage leaf curl virus

Bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus

African cassava mosaic virus

Bean calico mosaic virus

Bean golden yellow mosaic virus

Crinivirus

Blackberry yellow vein-associated virus

Lettuce chlorosis virus

Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus

Cucumber yellows virus

Lettuce infectious yellows virus

Sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus

Tomato chlorosis virus

Tomato infectious chlorosis virus

Closterovirus

Citrus tristeza virus

Grapevine corky bark-associated virus

Little cherry virus 1

Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 1

Sugarcane mild mosaic virus

Reference

• George N.agrios(2006)academic press,plantpathology p.p: 774-809

• Roger hull (2004) academic press, Mathews’Plant Virology p.p: 27-44

• http:/Whitefly,Wikipedia,the free encyclopedia.html

• Diseases of vegetable crops in Australia (edsPersley, Cooke & House 2010), available from CSIRO Publishing at www.publish.csiro.au