History of Television

History of television, records the work of numerous engineers and inventors in several countries over many decades. The fundamental principles of television were initially explored using electromechanical methods to scan transmit and reproduce an image. As electronic camera and display tubes were perfected, electromechanical television gave way to all-electronic broadcast television systems in nearly all applications.

The beginnings of mechanical television can be traced back to the discovery of the photo conductivity of the element selenium by Willoughby Smith in 1873, the invention of a scanning disk by Paul Gottlieb Nipkow in 1884 and John Logie Baird's demonstration of televised moving images in 1926.As a 23-year-old German university student, Paul Nipkow proposed and patented the first electromechanical television system in 1884.

Television in Pakistan In Pakistan, Television was first time introduced in the exhibition

near Mzaar e Quaid on 16 September 1955, Just for entertainment there was a short circuit television for audiences to watch the miracle. This event was arranged by American consulate in Karachi.

The first live transmission of Pakistan Television began on November 26, 1964. during that period two or more channels were broadcasted soon after stopped there broadcasting. 2002 was a grooming year, the Pakistani media has become powerful and independent and the number of private television channels has grown from just three state-run channels in 2000 to 89 in 2012, according to the Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority.

Positive impacts of Television on Pakistani Society

Positive: Literacy, Democratization of Information, Enrichment of Culture.

In this era, also known as information age, Television plays significant role in disseminating information and shaping people’s opinions. Since its invention television has been used for several different purposes including, broadcasting information, imparting knowledge and providing entertainment masses.

Television has a lot of positive effects on society and culture. Television has played an important role in child as well as adult literacy. Studies show that people are able to understand and memorize information better if they see visual images. As compared to radio programs, which broadcast only voice, television programs provide voice as well visuals which help the audience get a better understanding. For example, it is difficult to express and understand how the letters of alphabet look like via a radio program, on the contrary through television program people will be able to better understand because they will not only be able to hear the sound but also see how the letter looks like. Another advantage of television is information democratization. This means that television has made it easier to access and learn new information which was not available in public domain and used to be passed on from father to son and from mother to daughter.

Daily Soaps:

Deal with issue from society Comes with revolutionary idea Cultural heritage

News Channels:

Provide information As powerful communication medium Deal with current issues and very good role in bring revolution

:

Great teacherMake their mind activeTelevision is an effective way of advertising

products to children of various ages.

Reality Shows:

It's deal with talent Entertainment It finds diamond from world

Children's Programmers

Role of TV in Promoting the Democratic Traditions

Media is essential to the health of democracy for two reasons ;

Enables the citizens to make decisions about electoral choices.

At the time of elections media openly and in a focused way supported democracy.

News channels played an important role in increasing voter turnout e.g. GEO news, ARY

The voter turnout has almost doubled in the latest elections.

Coverage of Natural Disaster

Flood

Role Of Media In Freeing The Judiciary

• In March 2007 President Pervez Musharaf Suspended Iftikhar Muhammad Chaudhry. • Formation of Adliya Bachao tehreek.• Suspension of CJ again along with 60 judges • Resignation of Pervez Musharraf • Lawyer' movement & Ban

Tv In Exposing Corruption

Earth Quake

• Implication of Investigative Journalism.

• Several major corruption cases and scams are disclosed by journalists.

Disclosing of several major corruption cases and scams:

• The Pakistan Steel Mills Rs.26 billion scam;

• corruption in Pakistan's International Airlines that caused losses of $500 million.

• Hajj corruption case.

• Corruption in rental power projects.

Negative impacts of television on Pakistani society

Wastage of time, Disinformation, Violence.On the other hand, television can have a significant negative

impact on society and culture. Wastage of time: The first disadvantage is that many people do not realize how much time they spend watching television if you spend one hour a day watching television. That is 365 hours a year and 3607 hours in ten years. You can only imagine what you could do with that time.

Violence

Some television programs may encourage violence within society especially among youth for example, war movies that young children are often exposed too. Many of us find shows with

Some television programs may encourage violence within society especially among youth for example, war movies that young children are often exposed too. Many of us find shows with

problems such as violence or evil thoughts well into adulthood. Fortunately, this can be easily avoided or reversed by not allowing young children to view these programs by placing them in a different room from the television or sending them to bed.

Another disadvantage of television, is Spreading disinformation among the masses is for example, a lot of countries resort to providing incorrect news for shaping and direct public opinion as well as distracting from real issues. In the end, television plays a very important role as a tool for broadcasting information to masses. It has the potential to change the way people think and therefore depending on its use it can either be beneficial or prove disastrous for society.

Daily Soaps:

Misrepresentation of woman Complexity of relation Leads toward blind Faith

News Channels:

Sometimes wrong information provides Sometimes communication leads in

Wrong direction. It's create uprising of mob

Children's Programmers:

It's give wrong guidanceLoss creative mind or imagination

Power. Violent create negative effects

Reality Shows:

Bring depuration Child labor effect Competition environment

Destroying the National Image

• Due to Media, people in foreign countries are constrained to think that Pakistan is full of ill-cultured and fraudulent people. • Responsibility of Media should be to broadcast the right news without crushing the image of the nation.

Religious Impression

• Media is nowadays going against the Islamic teachings. • Open Issues are being discussed which should not be openly discussed.• Media is spreading Vulgarity.

Exaggeration

• Exaggeration means describing of something and making it more than it really is . • Overwhelming negative exaggeration.• Glamorizes issues. • Flashing news headlines with elements of negative exaggeration.• Big deal made out of small issues. • Sikandar Case as an example.

Westernization

• European and American culture is slowly engulfing our society. • Extensive promotion of western product brands. • Effect on local values and trends. • Language changes. • Change in meal preferences.

Television's Impact on children

Television has brought great changes to the way many children spend their leisure time. While some of these changes have been beneficial, other has had a harmful effect.

A child can learn quite a lot of useful things and entertain himself by watching television but he can also become addicted to watching television and take bad things from it.

Television offers programs which can learn the child good qualities that should be in him as he grows up. This includes educational programs and cartoons. A child can learn languages, math, to depend on him, take actions, work harder, how to reach goals and others.

Television also can bring harmful effects to children. Children can learn bad words or to be violent. The child himself can also become addicted and this will prevent him from doing other important activities he should be doing.