Role of science and technology for national scm

ROLE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FOR NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT WITH SPECIAL

REFERENCE TO SMART CITIES IN INDIA

SHIVANGI SAXENA

INTRODUCTION

Technology

Development

Science

Science and Technology plays a vital role in : ‘• Wealth Creation

• Improvement in quality of life

• Economic, Social Transformation

• Time Saving

• Changing the means by which people live, connect, communicate, transact

Business Dictionary defines development as – “The systematic use of scientific and technical knowledge to meet specific objectives or requirements.”

CONCEPT OF SMART CITIES – ISO 37120

• Established in May, 2014

• International benchmark.

• Defines and establishes methodologies to steer and measure the performance and quality of a city.

• “Cities are the cultural and economic centres of the world whose progress depends upon effective management and evidence-based policy making”.

• Applicable to any city, municipality, local government that undertakes to measure its performance in a comparable and verifiable manner, irrespective of its size and location.

• Helpful for decision and policy makers for the city.

CONCEPT OF SMART CITIES – ISO 37120

Areas covered for evaluation/measure:

Economy Finance Energy

Fire & Emergency

Education

Governance

Environment

Health/ Recreation

Innovation

Urban Planning

Safety/Shelter

Telecommunication

Source: iso.org

SMART CITIES – DIFFERENTIATING FACTORS

• Current Development

• Political Stability

• Willingness of the city to reform/accept change

• Financial support from local/ central government

• Governance Structure of the city

• Aspirations of the city

• Technical soundness of available resources

• Timeline provided to bring the Smart changes in the city

The main intention is to create a better quality of life, employment and enhance the outcomes of the city by making use of technology that leads to smart outcomes.

SMART CITIES – INDIA (TRANSFORM-NATION)

Definition:

The Ministry of Urban Development has defined a smart city as the one that has:

• Basic infrastructure

• Uses ‘Smart’ Solutions to make infrastructure and services better

• Relies on Area Based Development

Strategies:

• Retrofitting

• Redevelopment

• Greenfield Development

• Pan-City


Objectives:

• Provision of basic infrastructure

• Quality of life

• Clean and sustainable environment

• Apply Smart Solutions

• Set examples to replicate both within and outside the Smart City and catalyse the creation of the similar Smart Cities.

Source : Smart Cities Guidelines, May 2015


Provision of Basic Infrastructure

Basic Infrastructure

Adequate water/electrici

ty

Sanitation/Solid Waste

Transportation/ Health

Housing/ Education

IT Coverage

Safety/ Security

• Achieved by dovetailing with other missions for every sector

• AMRUT(Atal Mission Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation

• NUTP( National Urban Transport Policy)

• 12th Five Year Plan


Quality of life

• Better facilities will help in improving the lifestyles of people

• Might also induce migration from nearby areas

• Mechanization reduces the need for labor in farms and agriculture

• Introduction to the concept of Smart Growth

SMART GROWTH

• Any form of technology based innovation in the planning, development and operation of cities.

• Approach to development.

• Supports economic growth, strong communities and environmental stability.

• Covers a range of development and conservation strategy.

• High quality of life makes the communities economically competitive, creates business opportunities, and strengthens the local tax base.

• Countries like Portland, Oregon have developed as a result of this.

Source : smartgrowth.org


Clean and Sustainable Environment

• A clean environment can be achieved by reduced use of resources.

• Brazil – use of ethanol from sugarcane as fuel for automobiles.

• Use of renewable energy to be enhanced.

• A sustainable environment is the one meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs.

• Sustainability should be made a priority in development.


Application of SMART Solutions

• Solution to problems.

• ‘Smart Solutions are application of IT&C (Information Technology and Communication) to municipal services and infrastructure to make them better’ – Ministry of Urban Development.

• Making use of IT&C (Information Technology & Communication).


How Information Technology will benefit Smart Cities

• Consumption of resources will be reduced – reduction in harmful emissions.

• Improved utilization of infrastructure capacity, reduction in need for traditional construction.

• Real time guidance for the citizens.

• Increased job opportunities in various sectors.

• Centralization of various processes for efficiency.

SMART SOLUTIONS

Transport

• Use of real time data to proceed with.

• Efficient BRTS(Bus Rapid Transport System)

• Use of Smart Parking.

• Last mile connectivity

• Use of surveillance sensor cameras at critical junctions – Vishakhapatnam

• Bikes equipped with sensors to get real time data – Copenhagen

• Bike sharing project in various parts of Europe.

Safe Affordable Reliable Quick

Sustainable

Access

SMART SOLUTIONS

Transport

• Sensors installed beneath parking spots – San Francisco • Use of various payment options at toll booths/ parking areas.

• Mobile Apps to indicate available parking space.

• Better transportation helps in effective supply chain, telematics, etc.

SMART SOLUTIONS

Water Management

• Climate Change to cause change in water consumption patterns.

• All households are to be connected with water supply.

• Use of water meters – check on transmission, consumption, leakages, wastage

• Find out alternatives for water at commercial areas and reduce consumption.

• Nagpur’s smart water management is set as an example to be applied in other cities.

Production Treatment Transport

StorageDelivery

SMART SOLUTIONS

Water Management

• 24 hours – 100% safe drinking water supply to all residents including slum dwellers.

• Reduction of non-revenue water.

• Metering the entire consumption of water in the city.

• Pumps that can tackle variable pressure.

• Remote Management of water distribution and detection of aged equipment and pipe bursts.

• Waste water reusing in industrial areas and other secondary usages.

• Forecasting of water use in long term to maintain growth.

Waste Management

Waste Recycling

Residual Managem

ent

Waste Recovery

Energy Conservati

on

SMART SOLUTIONS

Waste Management

• An average of one-third of total production in India is wasted due to poor technology

• Capital and time can be saved by use of innovation in methods.

• Sensors deployed in waste collection system (use of RFID) to detect if containers are full - Finland

• Waste to Energy Systems convert the waste into energy that can be used in various areas - Sweden

• Segregation of waste to be done at household level.

SMART SOLUTIONS

Waste Management

• Smart Riverside facility, California collects reusable waste and converts into educational tools.

• In India, waste management is mostly an unorganized sector.

• Centralization of waste management is important.

• Solid Waste Management Rules,2016

• Efficient Cold Chain plays vital role in reducing the waste from agricultural, horticultural and pharmaceutical areas.

SMART SOLUTIONS

Energy Management

• Components involved: Smart Meters, Developing renewable sources of energy, energy efficient and green buildings, Smart Grids.

• Use of solar energy is widespread recently.

• Citizen Solar Power Plant in Vienna has been developed with a goal of obtaining 50% energy from renewable sources.

• Use of Smart Grid.

• SCADA(Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition).

SMART CITIES – INTERNET OF THINGS

• Base of development of Smart Cities.

• Network of physical objects or "things" embedded with electronics, software, sensors, and network connectivity.

• Enables collection and transfer of data from various sources.

• Helps in data analysis and decision making by use of proper technology.

• Initially started in supply chain management sector.

• Applications include : Wearables, agricultural areas, healthcare and farming.

USE OF SCADA

• Stands for Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System.

• Three major processes: Supervisory, Control, Data Acquisition.

Applications:

• Electric power transmission, distribution

• Regulation of Traffic Signals, control flow of traffic

• Use in Water Management for monitoring and regulating flow of water.

• Manages just in time manufacturing and regulate industrial automation.

• Supervising the status of circuit breakers, protective relays and other safety related operations

Real Time

Automated

SMART GRIDS

• An electrical grid which includes a variety of operational and energy measures.

• It includes smart meters, smart appliances, renewable energy resources and energy efficient resources.

• It makes use of digital information and improve reliability, security and efficiency of electric grid.

Infrastructure Improvement Digital Layer Addition Transform Business Process

SMART GRIDS

Benefits • Efficient transmission of electricity

• Improved security

• Addressing of emergencies like black outs, storms, etc.

• Consumers will be able to connect with appliances and have better information about usage and save money and manage the use

• Smart meters will provide clear and timely picture of consumption of energy.

BUILD SMART – BUILD GREEN

• India secured 3rd rank in US Green Building Council annual ranking for LEED.

• Indian Green Building Council(IGBC) formed in 2011.

• LEED – leadership in energy and environmental design.

• LEED certified buildings save energy and water, helping the residents and businesses make savings.

• Reduced carbon emission and creation of healthier environment for residents.

• Conservation of natural resources and making use of renewable resources.

SWOT ANALYSISStrength

Availability of resources (raw materials and manpower)

Support from Government to implement the smart initiatives

Number of available/implemented examples of Smart Solutions from around the world

Weakness

Lack of skilled resources Improper utilization of resources Many segments in city working as unorganized

sector

Opportunities

Growth in the IT Sector Time, Cost and Energy Saving society Reduction in pollution(noise, air, water) Proper allocation of scattered resources

Threats

Change in government policies Delay in kick off of project due to land acquisition Less support from public due to chances of loss of

employment due to automated methods

THANK YOU

Role of science and technology for national scm

Science

Transcript of Role of science and technology for national scm