Rocky from the beginning-Stalin felt Mao’s interpretation of Marxism,

using peasants as the basis for the revolution, was not true because it wasn’t lead by workers

-Stalin feared Mao as a rival for power & didn’t want the Cold War to spread to Asia

-Stalin didn’t give much support to the CCP during the civil war, only warmed up after their victory

-Soviets treated Chinese as second-rate, encouraged Mao to send troops into Korea, but forced him to pay for all weapons the soviets supplied

Mao & Khrushchev 1956-64“K” gave his “secret speech” denouncing Stalin

and his “Cult of Personality”Mao viewed K’s crushing of Hungarian Uprising

as their failure to contain reactionariesMao viewed K’s ideas of “Peaceful Coexistence”

as against Marxism, since it implied revolution can be achieved without violence

Mao felt détente was an attempt to isolate China

Chinese rep. Deng Xiaoping out-argued Russian rep. over ideology = embarrassment to Russia

Khrushchev visits Beijing 1958Was an attempt to ease the growing tensionMao made his visit uncomfortable, hotel had

no air conditioning and infested with fliesMao had a round of talks at his swimming

pool, K had to wear shorts too small and float on a rubber ring since he couldn’t swim

Talks were unproductive Deng states:Soviets betrayed international communist movementSoviets saw themselves as only true Marxist-

LeninistsSoviets sent spies posing as technical advisors to

China

Taiwan 1958Mao wanted reunification with Taiwan, and

was furious over US support for the Nationalists there

PRC built up troop maneuvers in the region giving impression PRC was preparing for an attack, w/out discussing it with the Soviets

US responds by preparing for warK accuses Mao of pursuing international

revolution at any cost, of being fanaticalSoviets withdraw economic advisors and

cancel commercial contracts with PRC

Soviets denounce GLFSoviets say the GLF was faulty in design

and erroneous in practiceSoviet gov. said it was unorthodox and

reveled in Mao’s failure, Mao wanted to strike back

1961 Soviets withdrew aid to Albania for Stalinist doctrines and backwards ways

Mao viewed it as an attack on China as well and offered to replace Soviet money, this was the final severance of diplomatic relationships

K calls Mao the “Asian Hitler” Mao calls K a “Redundant old boot”

Sino-Indian war 1962China had issues with the border that was

imposed by the British, Mao wanted to renegotiate, yet India saw no reason to

October 1962 war breaks out between PLA and Indian military. India allowed US to fly U-2 planes over the area and we photograph China’s 1st A-Bomb test

Soviets were officially neutral, yet they gave India MIG fighters…Mao is angry the soviets had aided the enemy

Cuban Missile CrisisMao was openly critical of how

Khrushchev handled the crisisMao attacked him for the placement of

the DETECTABLE missiles, his backing down to the Americans and the negative impact it will have on the struggle against US imperialism

He called Khrushchev a coward

Cultural RevolutionKhrushchev left office in 1964, Soviet

leadership still isolates PRCSoviets denounce Cultural Revolution as

total fanaticism and criticized Mao for creating anarchy

Soviets attacked PRC for:Trading with APARTHEID South African

regimeGetting nuclear help from WEST GermanySending supplies to US forces in Vietnam

Nuclear Weapons Issue1957 appeared USSR gained superiority of

USA with launching of SputnikMao felt USSR should use to push the US to

war, Khrushchev saw it as a way to push “Peaceful Coexistence”

Test-Ban treaty of 1963 stopped atmospheric testing of atomic weapons. Mao irritated at Soviets continued compliance with imperialist powers

Khrushchev accuses Mao of wanting to see USA & USSR to destroy each other leaving PRC as top dog

Argument over Nuclear Technology:CHINA: If you’re our friend, help us

develop our own program…

SOVIETS: since we are your friend, you don’t need your own program we’ll look after you

China ends up developing their own nuclear weapons in 1964, showing they didn’t need the Soviets and were now an international power.