Rocks
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Transcript of Rocks
Types of Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks
Metamorphic RocksIgneous Rocks
Melted & cooled
together
Squeezed &
heated together
Cemented together
Sedimentary RocksHow are they made?
Wind and water break down the earth Bits of earth settle in lakes and rivers Layers are formed and build up Pressure and time turn the layers to rock
Sedimentary Rock
clastic
broken pieces of rock
non-clastic
organic(created from
remains of plants & animals)
chemical(created when
water evaporates)
eg. limestone
Classification of Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks
Where do you think sedimentary rocks would be formed/found near?
streams beachesrivers desertsoceans glaciers
coral reefs
Metamorphic RocksHow are they made?
morphic means “change” so these are rocks that have changed.
They were once igneous, sedimentary, or other metamorphic rocks.
Pressure and heat cause the change.
Metamorphic Rock
foliated nonfoliated“leafy”
flattened & layered minerals
no banding
These rocks are physically deformed and chemically changed due to temperature and pressure changes but the rock does not melt!
Classification
slate quartzite
Where are metamorphic rocks likely formed/found near? In fault zones Mountain belts Mid-ocean ridges
Igneous RocksWhat are They?
Ignis is Latin for “fire”-igneous rocks are fire rocksIgnis is Latin for “fire”-igneous rocks are fire rocks Formed underground by trapped, cooled magmaFormed underground by trapped, cooled magma Formed above ground when volcanoes erupt and Formed above ground when volcanoes erupt and
magma coolsmagma cools
Igneous Rock
intrusive(plutonic)
extrusive(volcanic)
large crystals & coarse texture
Glassy/smooth & small crystals usually not even
visible
felsic mafic
light colored eg. quartz
dark coloredeg. Iron & magnesium containing
Idioms and Expressions to Ponder
Heart of stone
Head full of rocks
Stuck between a rock and a hard placein a situation where you have to make a decision that has no good options or solution
unaffectionate, unforgiving, cold
acted without thinking intelligently
Every rock tells a story about: •how it formed•the environment where it has been•what it has experienced
Each of these stories is an adventure. We need to learn how to read a rock like we read a book.
Roundness and Sorting
Roundness – presence or absence of corners and sharp edges
Particles get rounder as they are transported.
Sorting - is a texture that indicates how long the sediments have been in the water system.
Poorly sorted sediments show a wide range ofgrain sizes; well-sorted ones have similar sized grains. Sorting increases with transportation.