Rock powerpoint

Rocks

CHAPTER

thethe BIGBIG ideaidea

Rocks change into other rocks over time.

The rock cycle shows how rocks change.3.13.1

Igneous rocks form from molten rock.3.23.2

Sedimentary rocks form from earlier rocks.3.33.3

Metamorphic rocks form as existing rocks change.3.43.4

CHAPTER OUTLINE

NEW CHAPTER

VOCABULARY

KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME

A naturally formed solid that is usually made up of one or more types of minerals.

Classified by where they are found, color, texture and mineral composition

rock

3.13.1

KEY CONCEPTSUMMARYKEY CONCEPTSUMMARY

The rock cycle shows how rocks change.

rock cycle

rock

igneous rock

sedimentary rock

metamorphic rock

VOCABULARY


3.13.1

SECTION OUTLINESECTION OUTLINE

rock cycle

rock


Processes at Earth's surface and heat within Earth cause rocks to change into other types of rocks.

sediment

magma

Metamorphic

Sedimentary

igneous

igneous rock

sedimentary rock

metamorphic rock

VOCABULARY


Rock that forms as molten rock cools and becomes solid.

igneous rock

3.13.1



rock cycle

rock

igneous rock

sedimentary rock

metamorphic rock

VOCABULARY


Igneous Rock Textures

Glassy Shiny, looks like glass Obsidian

Fine grained Microscopic crystals Basalt

Coarse grained Interlocking crystals Granite

Porphyritic Rocky road texture Rhyolite

Texture Definition Example

* These rocks are usually defined by their textures.

VOCABULARY


Igneous rocks form from molten rock.3.23.2

SECTIONOUTLINESECTIONOUTLINE

extrusive igneous rock

intrusive igneous rock

As molten rock cools, minerals crystallize and form igneous rocks.

Extrusive igneous rocks cool quickly at Earth's surface.

Intrusive igneous rocks cool slowly within Earth.

VOCABULARY


Igneous rock that forms as magma cools below Earth’s surface.

Slow cooling produces larger crystals.

Ex. Granite


3.23.2


Igneous rocks form from molten rock.



VOCABULARY


Igneous rock that forms as lava cools on Earth’s surface.

Cools faster producing smaller crystals or holes.

Ex. Basalt, pumice


3.23.2





VOCABULARY


Rock formed as pieces of older rocks and other loose materials get pressed or cemented together or as dissolved minerals re-form and build up in layers.

sedimentary rock

3.13.1



rock cycle

rock

igneous rock

sedimentary rock

metamorphic rock

VOCABULARY


3.33.3


Sedimentary rocks form from earlier rocks.

sedimentLayers of sedimentary rocks form as

• sediments are pressed or cemented together

VOCABULARY


3.33.3



sedimentLayers of sedimentary rocks form as

• sediments are pressed or cemented together

• dissolved minerals re-form as water evaporates

VOCABULARY


Categories of Sedimentary Rocks

1. Clastic: made of fragments of previously existing rocks

2. Organic: formed directly or indirectly from plants or animals that were once living

3. Chemical: formed from large mineral deposits

VOCABULARY


Clastic Rocks

• Divided into categories according to shape and size of fragments

Clastic rocks are made of fragments of previously existing rocks

Conglomerate: 1/3 of the rock contains pebbles

Sandstone: made of sand sized grains

Shale: made of particles smaller than sand

VOCABULARY


Organic Rocks

• Limestone: contains calcite and shells. Sometimes fossils

• Chalk: fine grained limestone• Coal: formed from remains of living things

Organic: formed directly or indirectly from plants or animals that were once living

VOCABULARY


Chemical Rocks

• Rocks that are mined from mineral deposits that formed by evaporation

• Examples: rock salt, gypsum

Chemical: formed from large mineral deposits

VOCABULARY


Rock formed as heat or pressure causes existing rock to change in structure, texture, or mineral composition.

metamorphic rock

3.13.1



rock cycle

rock

igneous rock

sedimentary rock

metamorphic rock

VOCABULARY


heat and pressure

3.43.4


Metamorphic rocks form as existing rocks change.

Metamorphic rocks form as the structure of the parent rocks change and as their minerals recrystallize.

shale schist

recrystallization

metamorphism

foliation

VOCABULARY


The process by which bonds between atoms in minerals break and re-form in new ways during metamorphism.

Ex. Granite becomes gneiss

Shale becomes slate

Sandstone becomes quartzite

recrystallization

3.43.4 Metamorphic rocks form as existing rocks change.

recrystallization

metamorphism

foliation


VOCABULARY


The arrangement of minerals within rocks into flat or wavy parallel bands (stripes); a characteristic of most metamorphic rocks.

Examples: schist, slate, gneiss

foliation


recrystallization

metamorphism

foliation


unfolliated: not banded (no stripes)

Example: marble

VOCABULARY


I. The rock cycle shows how rocks change.

A. Most rocks are made of minerals.

B. Our world is built of rocks.

3.13.1



C. Rocks change as they move through the rock cycle.

2. Rocks in the Crust

1. Rock Types

rock cycle

rock

igneous rock

sedimentary rock

metamorphic rock

VOCABULARY


II. Igneous rocks form from molten rock.

A. Magma and lava form different types of igneous rocks.

B. Igneous rocks make long-lasting landforms.

3.23.2


1. Origin of Igneous Rocks

2. Textures of Igneous Rocks


1. Intrusive Rock Formations

2. Extrusive Rock Formations



3. Composition of Igneous Rocks

VOCABULARY


III. Sedimentary rocks form from earlier rocks.

A. Some rocks form from rock particles.

C. Some rocks form when dissolved mineralsre-form from water.

1. Forming and Transporting Rock Particles

2. Forming Loose Sediment into Rocks

3.33.3



1. Coal

2. Limestone

sediment

B. Some rocks form from plants or shells.

D. Sedimentary rocks show the action of wind and water.

VOCABULARY


IV. Metamorphic rocks form as existing rocks change.

A. Heat and pressure change rocks.

B. Metamorphic changes occur over large and small areas.

1. Change over Large Areas

2. Change over Small Areas


1. Foliated Rocks

2. Nonfoliated Rocks

recrystallization

metamorphism

foliation

C. Most metamorphic rocks develop bands of minerals.


Rock powerpoint

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Transcript of Rock powerpoint