Rock-Eval, lithogeochemistry, gamma ray spectrometry...
Transcript of Rock-Eval, lithogeochemistry, gamma ray spectrometry...
British Columbia Geological Survey GeoFile 2019-12
Rock-Eval, lithogeochemistry, gamma ray spectrometry, thermal maturity, and X-ray diffraction analysis of the Grayling and Toad formations (Montney and Doig formations equivalent), Halfway River map area (94B/14)Filippo Ferri, Martyn Golding, and Julito Reyes
Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum ResourcesMines Competitiveness and Authorizations DivisionBritish Columbia Geological Survey
Recommended citation: Ferri, F., Golding, M., and Reyes, J., 2019. Rock-Eval, lithogeochemistry, gamma ray spectrometry, thermal maturity, and X-ray diffraction analysis of the Grayling and Toad formations (Montney and Doig formations equivalent), Halfway River map area (94B/14). British Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources, British Columbia Geological Survey GeoFile 2019-12, 5p.
Front cover: Characteristic differential weathering of beds in the lower-middle (~140 to 300 m) part of the Toad Formation section. Image illustrates four stacked coarsening-upward sequences in which the number and thickness of recessive dark grey finer grained, calcareous and carbonaceous siltstone beds decrease up section at the expense of relatively resistant, buff-weathering, slightly coarser grained, dolomitic siltstone beds, which are about 1 m thick at the top of each sequence. Photo by Filippo Ferri.
Appendices, including datafiles, for this GeoFile can be downloaded from http://cmscontent.nrs.gov.bc.ca/geoscience/PublicationCatalogue/GeoFile/BCGS_GF2019-12.zip
Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum ResourcesBritish Columbia Geological Survey
GeoFile 2019-12
Rock-Eval, lithogeochemistry, gamma ray spectrometry, thermal maturity, and X-ray diffraction analysis of the Grayling and Toad formations (Montney and Doig formations equivalent), Halfway River map area (94B/14)
Filippo Ferri, Martyn Golding, and Julito Reyes
Recommended citation: Ferri, F., Golding, M., and Reyes, J., 2019. Rock-Eval, lithogeochemistry, gamma ray spectrometry, thermal maturity, and X-ray diffraction analysis of the Grayling and Toad formations (Montney and Doig formations equivalent), Halfway River map area (94B/14). British Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources, British Columbia Geological Survey GeoFile 2019-12, 5p.
Rock-Eval, lithogeochemistry, gamma ray spectrometry, thermal maturity, and X-ray diffraction analysis of the Grayling and Toad formations (Montney and Doig formations equivalent), Halfway River map area (94B/14)Filippo Ferri1a, Martyn Golding2, and Julito Reyes3
1British Columbia Geological Survey, Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources, Victoria, BC, V8W 9N3 2Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4 3Geological Survey of Canada, Calgary, AB, T2L 2A7acorresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Grayling Formation, Toad Formation, Liard Formation, Montney Formation, Doig Formation, Halfway Formation, shale-gas, Western Canada Sedimentary Basin, Triassic
and Kritsta Boyce (Rock-Eval). Kirk Osadetz (Geological Survey of Canada) is also thanked for commenting of aspects of the Rock-Eval analysis. Ray Lett, (British Columbia Geological Survey) assisted with preparing samples used for lithogeochemical analysis.
Reference citedArmstrong, J.E., 1948. Fort St. James, British Columbia. Geological
Survey of Canada Map 907A, scale 1:380,160.Ferri, F., Golding, M.L., Mortensen, J.K., Zonneveld, J-P., and Orchard,
M.J., 2010. Toad Formation (Montney and Doig equivalent) in thenorthwestern Halfway River map area, British Columbia (NTS094B/14). In: Geoscience Reports 2010, British Columbia Ministryof Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources, pp. 21-34.
Gabrielse, H., 1975. Geology of Fort Grahame E1/2 map-area, British Columbia Geological Survey of Canada Paper 75-33, 28p.
Irish, E.J.W., 1958. Charlie Lake, West of Sixth Meridian, British Columbia. Geological Survey of Canada Preliminary Map 17-1958, 1:253,440 scale.
McMechan, M.E., 1994. Geology and structure cross-section, Dawson Creek, British Columbia, Geological Survey of Canada Map 1858A, Scale 1:250,000.
Okulitch, A.V., Gabrielse, H., MacIntyre, D.G. and Taylor, G.C. 2002. Geology, Ware, British Columbia (94F), Geological Survey of Canada Open File 4276, scale 1: 250,000.
Stott, D.F., McMechan, M. E., Taylor, G. C., Muller, J. E., 1983. Geology of Pine Pass (93-O) map area, British Columbia. Geological Survey of Canada Open File 925, 1:125,000 scale.
Taylor, G.C., 1979. Geology of Trutch and Ware (east half) map areas, British Columbia. Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 606, 1:250,000 scale.
Thompson, R.I., 1977. Geology, Beatton River, west of sixth meridian, British Columbia. Geological Survey of Canada, Map 1446A, 1:250,000.
Thompson, R.I., 1986. Geology, Halfway River, British Columbia. Geological Survey of Canada, Map 1634A, 1:250,000.
SummaryTriassic calcareous siltstones and fine-grained sandstones
of the Grayling and Toad formations exposed in the Halfway River area of the Rocky Mountains in northeastern British Columbia (Fig. 1) represent the western equivalents of gas-bearing units in the Montney and Doig formations in the subsurface of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (Fig. 2). Previously, Ferri et al. (2010) provided descriptions, preliminary interpretations, and regional correlations of these exposures. To better document these units, herein we present the results of a section, more than 640 metres thick, that we systematically measured and sampled across the Grayling and Toad formations and the lower part of the Liard Formation (Figs. 3-5). These results include lithologic, organic and whole rock geochemical, thermal maturation, x-ray diffraction, and gamma ray spectrometer data.
The UTM coordinates (NAD 83, Zone 10) for the base of the main measured section are 473869E, 6311693N; the coordinates for the top are 474484E, 6311271N. The base of the section across the lowermost Liard Formation is at 474495 E and 6311271N.
In the accompanying files (BCGS_GF2019-12.zip) we summarize our analytical methods (Appendix 01), Rock-Eval, lithogeochemistry, gamma ray spectrometry, thermal maturity, X-ray diffraction, and gamma ray spectrometer data (as Microsoft Excel spreadsheets; Appendix 02), and graphic logs, lithologic descriptions, and images of representative rock types (Appendix 03).
AcknowledgementsWe thank staff at the laboratories of the Geological Survey of Canada
in Calgary, particularly Jenny Wong (XRD), Sarah Saad (Rock-Eval),
British Columbia Geological Survey GeoFile 2019-121
0 10 20 30 40 50
o124 o122
o56
o57
km
Western Canada Sedimentary Basin
British Columbia
Cretaceous - Tertiary
Cretaceous
Jurassic - Cretaceous
Triassic
Carboniferous - Permian
Carboniferous
Devonian - Carboniferous
Ordovician - Middle Devonian
Cambrian - Ordovician
Cambrian
Neoproterozoic
Mississippian
Intrusive Rocks
Layered Rocks
Thrust fault
Fault
Road
Fig. 4
Location ofmeasured section
Fig. 1. Regional geological setting of the Halfway River area. Geology from Armstrong (1948), Irish (1958), Gabrielse (1975), Thompson (1977, 1986), Taylor (1979), Stott et al. (1983), McMechan (1994), and Okulitch et al. (2002).
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StratigraphicAge
Jurassic
Triass
icU
pper
Mid
dle
Lower
Permian
Norian
Carnian
Ladinian
Anisian
Foothills - Halfway toPine Rivers
Rhaetian
Whistler
Llama
StarlightEvaporite
Brewster
Winnifred
Sulp
hur
Mtn
Fm
White
hors
e F
m
Bocock Fm
PardonetFm
Charlie Lk
BaldonnelFm
Liard Fm
Toad Fm
Grayling Fm
Sch
oole
r C
k G
pD
iaber
Gp
PardonetFm
Baldonnel Fm
Charlie Lk Fm
Halfway Fm
Doig Fm
Montney Fm
Peace RiverSubsurface
Foothills -SukunkaRiver
Vega-Phroso
Fernie Formation
Fantasque/Ishbel
Spra
y R
iver
Gp
Ludin
gto
n F
m
?
Figure 4
Fig. 2. Triassic stratigraphic nomenclature used in the surface and subsurface of northeastern British Columbia.
300m
FernieFormationPardonetFormation
BaldonnelFormation
Charlie LakeFormation
Liard Formation
Toad-Graylingformations
Prophet Formation
Jurassic
Triassic
Late
Middle
Early
Permian
Norian
Carnian
Ladinian
Anisian
Fig. 3. Generalized stratigraphic column of Triassic rocks in the Halfway River area.
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5 km
o123 30'
o5
7
Fid
des S
ynclin
e
Carb
on
Fault
Hal
fway
River
Gething Formation
Lower Cretaceous
Minnes Group
Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous
Fernie Formation
Lower to Upper Jurassic
Baldonnel - Pardonet Formations
Upper Triassic
Ludington Formation
Upper Triassic
Liard - Charlie Lake Formations
Middle to Upper Triassic
Toad - Grayling Formations
Lower to Middle Triassic
Besa River Formation
Devonian - Carboniferous
Prophet Formation
Carboniferous MeasuredSection
Fig. 5
Fig. 4. Geology in the immediate vicinity of the measured section. Geology from Thompson (1986).
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1600
1800
2000
2000
1400
1400
1600
1800
1700
1700
77
76
6160
51
52
64
Minnes Group
Fernie Formation
Pardonet Formation
Baldonnel Formation
Charlie Lk Formation
Liard Formaiton
Toad-Grayling formations
Prophet Formation
MeasuredSection
123°24'0"W
123°24'W
123°24'30"W123°25'0"W
123°25'W
123°25'30"W123°26'0"W
123°26'W
123°26'30"W
56
°57
'N5
6°5
6'N
0 250 500 750 1,000125
metres
Fig. 5. Detailed map of the measured section.
British Columbia Geological SurveyMinistry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources www.gov.bc.ca/geologicalsurvey