Robotizing Workforce in Future Built Environments Slimmerontwerpen...Busan Geoje Fixed Link 26,5m...
Transcript of Robotizing Workforce in Future Built Environments Slimmerontwerpen...Busan Geoje Fixed Link 26,5m...
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Robotizing Workforce in Future Built Environments
Frans van Gassel & Ger Maas
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Automation and Robotics
Frans van Gassel
Eindhoven University of Technology (The Netherlands)
• Mechanization on construction site
• Collaborative design
Ger Maas
Eindhoven University of Technology and
Royal BAM Group (The Netherlands)
• Construction management & engineering
• European strategy in construction
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1995 Key note in Warszawa
Key note
12th ISARC 1995
Warszawa, Poland
A method for analyzing unsafe en unhealthy
production processes on the construction site.
Develop equipment in relation to products.
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The Construction Sector in EU27 (1)
The biggest industrial employer:
– 10.4% of GDP and 49.2% of Gross Fixed Capital Formation (FIEC, 2008)
– 30% of industrial employment, 7.6% of total employment (16.3 million operatives)
– 3 millions enterprises (95% SMEs with <20 workers, local markets, low innovative)
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The Construction Sector in EU27 (2)
A large influence on the whole economy
– 48,9 millions workers depending on Construction
– The buildings/infrastructure supplied by the Construction sector serve a lot of other industries and services
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The Construction Sector in EU27 (3)
A large influence on the whole economy
– Construction can make the difference
– Automation and Robotics can help construction to do so!
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European policy (1)
Challenges: To address and to adapt • Climate change • Demographic change, • Energy supply and security, • Food shortages • Safety • Environmental concerns.
Smart Grid
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G European policy (2)
Demands: For convenience • Low maintenance • Automation • Flexibility • Health improve features • Optimal environmental integration
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From Production to Performance
• Not just what construction makes
• Does it fit?
• Are users happy?
• Are working conditions safe?
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Busan Geoje Fixed Link
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Busan Geoje Fixed Link
26,5m
12m
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Busan Geoje Fixed Link
Automation
To measure location To measure the flow and waves To control, check and steer tunnel elements
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Future needs in Automation and Robotics Human machine technologies
Process management
Performance technologies
Client and societal values
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Topics Human machine technologies
Mechanization phases, Labor analysis, Modular construction
Process management
Design meetings, Quality control, Lean construction
Performance technologies
Users needs, Active aging, Automated data collection, Safety
Client and Societal values
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Mechanization graph (1)
Horizontal axis:
• Control tasks equipment
Vertical axis:
• Energy supply in production process.
Control tasks equipment
Energy task equipment
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Mechanization graph (2)
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Topics Human machine Technologies
Mechanization phases, Labor analysis, Modular construction
Process management
Design meetings, Quality control, Lean construction
Performance technologies
Users needs, Active aging, Automated data collection, Safety
Client and Societal values
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Labor analysis (1)
Before starting to mechanize and robotize construction processes there is a need to get more insight into the production tasks of the construction worker and equipment. To get this insight an analysis method has been developed.
Human actions
Equipment actions
Initial situation
End situation
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Labor analysis (2)
Before starting to mechanize and robotize construction processes there is a need to get more insight into the production tasks of the construction worker and equipment. To get this insight an analysis method has been developed.
Human actions
Equipment actions
Initial situation
Human actions
Equipment actions
Mechanization Robotizing
End situation
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Topics Human machine Technologies
Mechanization phases, Labor analysis, Modular construction
Process management
Design meetings, Quality control, Lean construction
Performance technologies
Users needs, Active aging, Automated data collection, Safety
Client and Societal values
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Modular construction
To shift heavy and complex construction tasks from the site to the factory modular construction can be a solution.
To design the production process of such modular system a method has been developed and applied.
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Topics Human machine Technologies
Mechanization phases, Labouranalysis, Modulair construction
Process management
Design meetings, Quality control, Lean construction
Performance technologies
Users needs, Active aging, Automated data collection, Safety
Client and Societal values
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Design meetings (1) Working methods
Designing mechanized and robotized production processes needs collaboration between all kinds of professionals. During design meetings this collaboration can be taken place. Working methods are needed to produce new concepts.
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Design meetings (2) Working methods 1. Making what you think
visible: mind maps
2. Group idea creation:
brainstorm sessions
3. Systematic idea generation:
Systematic Inventive
Thinking (SIT)
4. To create insight: simulation
games
3
4
2
1
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Design meetings (3)
Problem (re-)formulation
Creation ideas
Choosing ideas
Action planning
Problem description A design meeting has to be prepared very carefully. To obtain really new concepts a certain order of activities is necessary.
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Topics Human machine Technologies
Mechanization phases, Labar analysis, Modular construction
Process management
Design meetings, Quality control, Lean construction
Performance technologies
Users needs, Active aging, Automated data collection, Safety
Client and Societal values
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Quality control (1)
Clients don’t know how to measure the performance of contractors.
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Quality control (2)
• Need for automated data collection • Need for real time automated data processing
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Topics Human machine Technologies
Mechanization phases, Labouranalysis, Modulair construction
Process management
Design meetings, Quality control, Lean construction
Performance technologies
Users needs, Active aging, Automated data collection, Safety
Client and Societal values
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Lean Construction (1)
Transferring this approach to
construction focuses on:
• the reduction of construction
period
• the reduction of the
variability
• the simplification of tasks
• the increase of
transparency
• the increase of flexibility
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Lean Construction (2)
Project values 1
• Reduction building period (25-50%)
• Better communication
• Less stress on the work floor
• Reduction on general construction costs (e.g. man-hours, equipment, offices for staff, rooms for personnel)
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Lean Construction (3)
Project values 2 • Building specialists know what they and the others have to do • Building specialists take responsibility for their scope of work, the interfaces and the success of the entire project
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Topics Human machine Technologies
Mechanization phases, Labouranalysis, Modulair construction
Process management
Design meetings, Quality control, Lean construction
Performance technologies
Users needs, Active aging, Automated data collection, Safety
Client and Societal values
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Active aging in an Aging Society (1)
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Asia Oceania Northern
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Active aging in an Aging Society (2)
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Active aging in an Aging Society (3)
Themes: • Housing & Daily Living
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Active aging in an Aging Society (4)
Themes: • Housing & Daily Living • Mobility & Transport
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Active aging in an Aging Society (5)
Themes: • Housing & Daily Living • Mobility & Transport • Work & Leisure
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W O R K , L E I S U R E , C A R E , R O B O T I C S A N D C O N S T R U C T I O N F O R A G I N G
Gerontechnology Automation and Robotics
in Construction
Aging-in-place
Aging workforces
Robotics
Societal changes
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Topics Human machine Technologies
Mechanization phases, Labouranalysis, Modulair construction
Process management
Design meetings, Quality control, Lean construction
Performance technologies
Users needs, Active aging, Automated data collection, Safety
Client and Societal values
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Automated data collection (1)
Large public works
DBFM (O)
Performance
Measure during operation
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Automated data collection (2)
Geometrical track quality by optical glassfiber sensors
Each sensor measures, with an acquracy of 0.05 mm:
• movement in vertical direction
• movement in lateral direction, i.e. crosswise on the track
• rotation in cross direction
3
CONFIDENTIALCONFIDENTIAL
sensorunitsensorunitsensorunit
Profiel
Ingeklemd Vrijuiteinde
Glasfiberverbindingskabel
MuSTStrainSensors
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Topics Human machine Technologies
Mechanization phases, Labouranalysis, Modulair construction
Process management
Design meetings, Quality control, Lean construction
Performance technologies
Users needs, Active aging, Automated data collection, Safety
Client and Societal values
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Client’s and societal values
Process • Make work less heavy and more safe • Support collaborative design and construction • Monitor the performance of the designers/suppliers/contractors Product • Create low maintenance products • Support aging people at work and at home
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Rotterdam Medical Centre (1)
• City centre of Rotterdam
• New hospital
• Condensed urban area
• No space
• 31 stories high building
• In a factory
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<Wijzig de datum met beeld\kop en voettekst>
Koninklijke BAM Groep nv - <vestiging> - <verkorte titel>
46
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Rotterdam Medical Centre (3)
• No space • 31 stories high building • In a factory
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G Rotterdam Medical Centre (4) Every week one floor in the factory
on top of the new building
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Rotterdam Medical Centre (5)
• Every week one floor in the factory on top of the new building
• Prefab wall elements
• Prefab floor elements
• In situ top layer at the floor
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Rotterdam Medical Centre (7)
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G Rotterdam Medical Centre (8)
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Rotterdam Medical Centre (9)
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Rotterdam Medical Centre (10)
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Rotterdam Medical Centre (11)
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Rotterdam Medical Centre (12)
concrete elements
As wall
As floor
Fixed with dry joints
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Rotterdam Medical Centre (13)
2 “Frames” support the steel factory
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Rotterdam Medical Centre (14)
2 steel beams support the shed from 2 levels below.
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Rotterdam Medical Centre (15)
Hydraulic jacks move the factory up every week one floor
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Rotterdam Medical Centre (16)
• Health and Safety conditions
• Integration of Design and Build
• Community relation
• Quality
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<Wijzig de datum met beeld\kop en voettekst>
Koninklijke BAM Groep nv - <vestiging> - <verkorte titel>
60
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Thank you for listening and
enjoy the 28th ISARC Symposium in Seoul
Frans van Gassel & Ger Maas