Appendix A

Specification for Road

Construction and Materials

Appendix

APPENDIX A Specification for Road Construction and Materials The Specification shall be the December 1991 issue incorporating the August 1993 amendment of the " Specification for Highway Works" published by Her Majesty Stationery Office as Volume 1 of the Manual of Contract Documents for Highway Works as modified and extended by the following.

The following table lists additions and amendments to and details of the above Specification required by the Local Roads Authority. These are fully detailed in this appendix with clauses and tables numbered to correspond with those in the above Specification. Amendments to existing clauses are suffixed "A", an "S" suffix indicates that the clause supersedes an existing clause. Additional clauses have no suffix.

It is not the intention to preclude the use of new materials or processes, but the specific prior approval of the Local Roads Authority must be sought through the Head of Roads and Transportation.

Appendix 0/1 : Additional, Substitute and Cancelled Clauses and

Tables

Additional Clauses and Tables Clause No Title or Table No

1043 Concrete Block Paving 1044 Clay Pavers

Substitute Clauses and Tables

Clause No Title or Table No

Table 1101 (s) Kerbs Edging and Small Element Block Kerbs

Appendix 0/2 : Minor Alterations to Existing Clauses and Tables

Clause No Title

1104 (A) Precast Concrete Flags 1106 (A) Footways and Paved Areas (In Situ Concrete)

Specification EAC Amendment New Materials

Appendix

Safe Passage for

Pedestrians

Provision for

Disabled

People

Road Opening

Permit

Appendix 0/3 : Numbered Appendices Referred to in the Specification

Appendix No Appendix Title

1/17 Traffic Safety and Management 5/1 Drainage Requirements 6/7 Sub-formation and Capping and

Preparation and Surface Treatment of Formation

6/8 Topsoiling, Grass Seeding and Turfing 7/1 Permitted Pavement Options 11/1 Kerbs, Footways and Paved Areas

Series 100: Preliminaries Appendix 1/17 Traffic Safety and Management 1 Where existing roads and footways are affected by the

development a safe passage must be maintained along all footways for pedestrians, or if this is not possible, a safe alternative means of passage around the works must be provided in accordance with requirements of Chapter 8 of the "Traffic Signs Manual" (published by HMSO) and any amendments thereto. A safe passage must also be maintained for all vehicles round the works and safe access must be provided for entrance to all properties in use, unless the consent of the occupier of the premises has been obtained. The developer must provide all necessary traffic signs, cones, barriers and lighting. The developer's attention is also drawn to the requirements of the Code of Practice on Safety at Street Works and Road Works (published by HMSO).

2 In particular the developer shall make all necessary provisions

to ensure that the needs of disabled people are met in the vicinity of his works by forming ramps if necessary and by giving clear visual warning to partially sighted pedestrians in accordance with Chapter 8 of the "Traffic Signs Manual" (published by HMSO) and any amendments thereto. All openings or obstructions on the road should be barricaded off with a continuous rail which is strong enough to offer the necessary resistance should a blind person walk into it. The rail should be 1 metre above ground level. There shall also be a tapping rail of minimum depth 150mm with a lower edge at ground level or up to a maximum height of 200mm above the ground.

3 No works shall interfere with existing public footways, footpaths

or carriageways without the developer obtaining an Occupation of the Road Certificate and/or a Road Opening Permit from the Head of Roads and Transportation.

Appendix

Series 500: Drainage Appendix 5/1 Drainage Requirements 1 To be carried out to the current edition of Road Note 35.

(Minimum pipe diameter 150 mm). 2 To be carried out to Specification Advice Note HA 40/89.

(Pipes in or adjacent to carriageway to be designed for Main Road Loading)

3 Any tendency to attack by acidic ground water or sulphates

present in the backfill or the ground should betaken into account when use of concrete, asbestos cement, steel or clay pipes is being considered. (See Notes for Guidance to Specification NG 501.3)

4 Consideration should be given to need for watertight joints

where pipes are laid in soils that are predominantly fine sands or coarse sands. (See Notes for Guidance to Specification NG 504)

5 Type A backfill material should be used for subsoil drainage.

Type B backfill material should be used where drain is designed to intercept surface water flowing to the pipe.

6 (i) Manhole covers and frames shall be non rock and comply

with BS EN 124 and be Class D400 (minimum clear opening 600mm dia or equivalent, minimum depth of frame 100mm) except in non contiguous car parks or verges where the use of Class B125 (minimum clear opening 600mm dia or equivalent, minimum depth of frame 100mm) will be permissible.

(ii) Gully gratings and frames must be positioned with grating bars not parallel to the kerb to facilitate cyclists and shall be of the captive variety. They shall comply with BS EN 124 and Class C250, or at corners, bends and other areas likely to be trafficked Class D400, (minimum nominal width 450mm, minimum area of waterway 900cm

2 and minimum

depth of frame 100mm) except in non contiguous car parks where the use of Class B125 (minimum nominal width 325mm, minimum area of waterway 650cm

2 and minimum

depth of frame 100mm) will be permissible.

7 Spacing of gullies is to be based on criteria from TRRL Report LR277. (Rainfall intensity 50mm/hour, channel flow 600mm wide).

8 Gullies are to be trapped and have a minimum storage

capacity of 100 litres (20 gallons). Gullies to be positioned such that the maximum distance between gully and adjacent kerb shall not exceed 10mm. All connections to a depth of 1 metre below level of the finished surface shall be surrounded in 150mm ST1 concrete.

Where 2 stage construction is used, metal shims shall not be used to raise frames and covers to final positions. Where the existing bedding material is sound an additional bedding layer, maximum 50 mm, may be laid on top. No bricks on edge shall be used under gully frames or manhole covers.

Hydraulic

Design

Pipe and

Bedding

Combination

Design

Sulphate

Resistance

Watertight

Joints

Backfill to

Filter Drains

Chamber

Covers,

Gratings and

Frames

Spacing of

Gullies

Gully Types

and Location

Raising Frames

and covers

Appendix

CBR Tests

Capping Layer

Thickness

Geotextiles and

Polymer

Geogrids

Series 600 : Earthworks Appendix 6/7 Site Investigation and Capping Layer Requirements 1 For the purpose of pavement design in-situ CBR tests are not

permissible. CBR values are to be evaluated by laboratory testing in accordance with BS 1377 (1990) on remoulded soil.

2 In general for short lengths of road less than 100 metres long,

where CBR values span several ranges, it is not acceptable to vary the capping layer thickness. A single capping layer thickness is to be adopted based on the lower bound CBR values over the full length of the road. Similarly where CBR values fall above and below the criteria for the provision of a capping layer the lower CBR values dictate that a capping layer should be provided throughout the length of the road. For longer roads, the thickness of the capping layers must be constant for at least 100 metres in length before its thickness may be varied. These criteria may be altered by the Head of Roads and Transportation depending upon ground conditions prevailing at the site. Where no CBR values are available from the ground investigation a full capping layer 600mm thick is required.

3 Geotextiles or polymer geogrids shall not be used as a

substitute to a capping layer or as a means to reduce sub-base thickness.

Appendix 6/8 Topsoiling, Grass Seeding and Turfing 1 Imported topsoil to be Class 5B complying with table 6/1. 2 Requirements of Sub-Clause 618.3 apply with reference to

Stockpiles of Topsoil. 3 Minimum depth of topsoil for grass seeding and turfing shall

be 100mm. The minimum depth of topsoil for planting shall be as follows:

Shrub planting 400mm. Tree planting 600mm.

4 Seed Mixtures shall comply with Table 6/5 of the specification or alternatives as follows:

(i) General, low maintenance:

Grass Seed %

Brown Top 10 Creeping Red Fescue 10 Crested DogtaiI 10 Rough Stalked Meadow Grass 5 Chewing Fescue 25 Perennial Rye Grass 40

Appendix

(ii) Tolerant of winter salt spray.

Grass Seed %

Perennial Rye Grass 20 Strong Creeping Red Fescue 35 Hard Fescue 25 Flattened Meadow Grass 10 Salt Marsh Grass 7.5 Creeping Bent 2.5

Note : The suitability of mixes for certain specified uses and maintenance requirements should always be checked.

(iii) Wildflower mixes may be used outwith visibility areas at

the discretion of the Head of Roads and Transportation. In areas where wildflower mixes are to be used, fertiliser and topsoil are to be omitted as these mixes require impoverished conditions to compete with grasses. Wildflower areas require to be cut one to four times per year and when cutting all arisings must be removed to maintain the impoverished nature of the sward. Approval of wildflower mixes should be sought from the councils Horticulturist.

Weeds should be actively control led by either chemical or mechanical means during the growing season.

Appendix

Pavement

Design

Design Life

Frost-susceptible

Material

PSV's and AAV's

Distributor Roads

and Industrial

Roads

Series 700 : Road Pavement

Appendix 7/1 Pavement Requirements

1 Carriageway pavements are to be designed in accordance with TRRL Report LR1132 for bituminous roads and BS 7533 for blocked paved roads, with rigid pavement construction only being acceptable for individual accesses to industrial or commercial premises.

2 Unless agreed otherwise with the Head of Roads and

Transportation, pavements shall be designed for a 40 year life, a traffic growth rate of 4% per annum and a minimum construction required to carry 0.5 million standard axles for any road.

3 No frost-susceptible material shall be used within 450 mm of

the final running surface.

4 The following material requirements relate to the designs covered in Table 10.2. Where pavements are being designed for specific circumstances, the material requirements are to be agreed with the Head of Roads and Transportation. In this connection it should be noted that requirements for Polished Stone Values and Aggregate Abrasion Values are dependent upon site layouts as well as the number of commercial vehicles at the design life, and shall conform with the requirements of HD 21/92 " Requirements for Aggregate Properties for New Bituminous Surfacing"

Table 9.2 Designs - Material Requirements

5 (i) Surfacing Rolled asphalt wearing course 40mm thick to Clause 910 - Recipe type F mix 50 pen. to Table 6 Column 6/4 BS 594 Part 1:1992.

Coated chippings to Clause 915- 14mm or 20mm nominal size precoated. Straight "non-event" section minimum PSV53, maximum AAV12 (See 4 above). These should be spread not less than 60% of the shoulder to shoulder cover.

(ii) Basecourse Dense macadam basecourse 60mm (Two stage) thick to Clause 906 - 28mm size dense construction 100pen. to Clause 6.4 BS4987 Part 1 : 1993.

(iii) Combined Dense macadam roadbase 200mm Roadbase thick to Clause 903 - 40mm size dense and100 pen. to Clause 5.1 BS 4987 Part 1 Basecourse :1993.

Distributor Roads and Industrial Roads

Appendix

6 (i) Surfacing

(ii) Basecourse (Two stage) construction

(iii) Combined

Roadbase and Basecourse

7 (i) Surfacing

(ii) Basecourse (Two stage) construction

(iii) Combined

Roadbase and Basecourse

Rolled asphalt wearing course 40mm thick to Clause 910 - Recipe type F mix 50 pen. to Table 6 Column 6/4 BS 594 Part 1:1992. Coated chippings to Clause 915 - 14mm or 20mm nominal size precoated. Straight "non-event" section minimum PSV 53, maximum AAV12 (See 4 above). These should be spread not less than 60% of the shoulder to shoulder cover. Dense macadam basecourse 60mm thick to Clause 906 - 28mm size dense 100 pen. to Clause 6.4 BS 4987 Part 1 : 1993. Dense macadam roadbase 100mm thick to Clause 903 - 40mm size dense 100 pen. to Clause 5.1 BS 4987 Part 1 : 1993. Rolled asphalt wearing course 40mm thick to Clause 910 (as Core Road). Coated chippings to Clause 915 (as Core Road) but minimum PSV 45 and maximum AAV 14 (See 4 above). These should be spread not less than 60% of the shoulder to shoulder cover. or for island locations Close graded macadam wearing course 40mm thick to Clause 912 Category B traffic 14mm size to Clause 7.3 BS 4987 Part 1 : 1993, minimum PSV 45 and maximum AAV 16.(See 5 above). Dense macadam basecourse 50mm thick to Clause 906 - 20mm size dense 100 pen. to Clause 6.5 BS 4987 Part 1 : 1993. Dense macadam roadbase 130mm thick to Clause 903 (as Core Road)

Residential Core Road Housing Roads

Appendix

Car parking Areas Shared Surfaces

8 (i) Surfacing

(ii)

(iii) Roadbase

9 (i) Bedding

(ii) Blocks

(iii)

(iv)

Rolled asphalt wearing course 40mm thick to Clause 910( as Core Road with 70 pen binder). Coated chippings to Clause 915(as Core Road) or close graded macadam wearing course 40mm thick to Clause 912 (as Housing Road ). Or Open graded macadam wearing course 65mm thick to Clause 916 Category B traffic 14 mm size to Clause 7.1 BS 4987 Part 1:1993. Dense macadam roadbase 60 or 80mm thick to clause 903 - 28/40mm size dense 100 pen Clause 5.2/Clause 5.1 BS 4987 Part 1 :1993. Bedding shall be a layer of clean sharp sand or crushed rock fines complying with BS 882 grading C or M, 30mm to 50mm thick. Blocks shall be 200x100x80mm concrete or 200 x 100 x 65mm clay rectangular, dimensioned and laid in accordance with Table9.2of the Guidelines and1/2 is the minimum size of a part block. There is no absolute requirement in relation to colour but lightest colours should be used for pedestrian areas. Blocks shall be laid to a herring bone pattern with blocks laid generally parallel and at right angles to the kerb face. Details at service covers and other openings shall be agreed with the Head of Roads and Transportation prior to laying.

Appendix

Series 1000 : Blockwork Pavements

Clause 1043 - Concrete Block Paving 1 Precast concrete paving blocks shall be chamfered and shall

comply with BS 6717: Part 1 and conform to the shapes, dimensions and colours detailed in Appendix 7/1.

2 Precast paving blocks shall be laid in accordance with BS 6717:

Part 3 on a bedding layer of sharp sand or crushed rock fines as described in Appendix 7/1 or on a polymer modified mortar bed at traffic calming measures.

3 The layout of blocks and details at edges, chamber covers,

gulliesand otheropeningsshall beasdescribed in Appendix 7/1 or, where not described, subject to the approval of the Head of Roads and Transportation prior to laying.

Clause 1044 - Clay Pavers

1 Clay pavers shall comply with BS6677: Part 1, Type PB with

chamfers. The shape and dimension of clay pavers shall be as described in Appendix 7/1.

2 Clay pavers shall be laid in accordance with BS 6677: Part 3 on

a bedding layer of sharp sand or crushed rock fines as described in Appendix 7/1.

3 The layout of pavers and details at edges, chamber covers,

gulliesand other openingsshall be as described in Appendix 7/1 or, where not described, subject to the approval of the Head of Roads and Transportation prior to laying.

Appendix

Series 1100: Kerbs, Footways and Paved Areas Clause 1101(5) -Kerbs, Edgings and Small Element Block Kerbs 1 The type of kerb used shall be one of the following:-

(i) Whin kerb- 125x250mm nidged whin kerbs complying with BS 435 1975

(ii) Precast Concrete Kerbs - 125 x 255/175/150mm

hydraulically pressed complying with BS 7263: Part 1.

(iii) Small element block kerbsto BS 6717 for concrete or BS 6677 for clay pavers where agreed by the Head of Roads and Transportation.

2 All kerbs shall be laid and bedded using 10 to 40mm thick bed of

mortarto designation (i) Table 24/1 on a foundation of, and haunched with, ST1 concrete to the dimensions as stated in Figures 10.5 and 10.6 of the Guidelines.

3 For radii of 12 metres or less kerbs of appropriate radius shall be

used. 4 Precast concrete edgings shall be:-

(i) At the heel of footways 50 x 200mm half rounded or bullnosed

(ii) Elsewhere 50 x 200mm flat topped.

5 Precast concrete edgings shall be hydraulically pressed and

comply with BS 7263: Part 1. The edging shall be bedded on 10 to 40mm thick bed of mortar to designation (i) Table 24/ 1 laid on a foundation of, and haunched with, ST1 concrete to the dimensions as stated in Figures 10.Sand 10.6 of the Guidelines.

6 Where existing kerbs are being relaid it will be permissible to lay

them directly on a concrete bed of at least the same dimensions as the foundation specified in Figure 10.5 of the Guidelines.

7 Any units of kerbs or edgings deviating more than 3mm in any 3m

length from line or level shall be made good by lifting and relaying.

8 The minimum length of part kerbs shall be 1/2 kerb length. Kerbs

shall be mitred at junctions or internal or angle kerbs shall be used. All precast kerbs shall be butt jointed with gaps not exceeding 3mm. Where mitring is necessary, the same tolerance shall apply.

Appendix

Clause 1104(A) - Footways and Paved Areas (Precast Concrete

Flags)

2(A) Flags should normally be bedded on a layer of clean sharp sand or crushed rockfines complying with BS882 Grading C or M, 25mm 10mm thick. Where no vehicular override of the slabs is anticipated, the bedding may be replaced with dry mortar mix not less than 10mm and not more than 40mm thick.

Clause 1106(A) - Footways and Paved Areas (In Situ Concrete)

3(A) In situ concrete shall be laid on a sub-base composed of material complying with Clause 803 and compacted in compliance with Clause 802 and to the thickness described in Appendix 11/1.

Appendix 11/1 Kerbs, Footwaysand Paved Areas Requirements

1 (i) Bedding shall normally be a layer of clean sharp sand or crushed rock fines complying with BS 882 Grading C or M, 25mm + 10 mm thick. Where no vehicular override of the slabs is anticipated, the bedding may be replaced with dry mortar mix not less than 10mm and not more than 40mm thick.

(ii) Slabs shall be dimensioned and laid in accordance with Table 10.3 of the Guidelines.

(iii) 600mm wide slabs shall be laid to 150mm broken bond. 400 x 400mm slabs may be laid to straight bond.

(iv) Joints shall generally be at right angles to the kerb

(v) Details at service covers and other openings shall be agreed with the Head of Roads and Transportation prior to laying.

2 (i) Dense Macadam basecourse to Clause 906 shall be 20mm size to Clause 6.5 of BS 4987, 1993.

(ii) Rolled Asphalt wearing course to Clause 910 shall be 15/10 recipe type F mix to Table 6 Column 6.2 of BS 594:1992.

(iii) 6mm or 10mm limestone or other approved chippings shall be spread at 1 Kg/m

2.

3 (i) Granolithic footways/footpaths shall be laid in accordance with Table 10.3 of the Guidelines.

(ii) The concrete shall be manufactured using either ordinary or rapid hardening Portland cement (BS 12) or Portland blast furnace cement (BS 146).

(iii) Concrete aggregates shall conform with the requirements of BS 1201: Aggregates for granolithic concrete floor finishes.

(iv) Where coloured finishes are required, coloured cements shall be used. The use of pigments at the mixer shall not be permitted.

Appendix

(v) The water used for mixing concrete shall be obtained from

a source approved by the Engineer. (vi) The concrete topping should preferably be laid

monolithically with the base concrete (i.e. within a period of one to three hours). If this is not practicable, the base concrete shall be treated, e.g. by the removal of latence prior to setting, so as to ensure a satisfactory bond between the base and top layers.

(vii) The mix proportions by weight shall be:-

(a) 1:1:2, cement fine aggregate: coarse aggregate, or

(b) 1:3, cement: all-in aggregate,

(viii) When batched by "volume" the proportions shall be:-

(a) 50kg cement: 0.035 cu.m. dry fine aggregate: 0.07 cu.m. coarse aggregate, or

(b) 50kg cement: 0.1 cu.m. all-in aggregate.

(ix) Water content must be kept as low as possible consistent

with obtaining full compaction (to satisfy this requirement the water/cement ratio shall not exceed 0.42).

(x) The concrete shall be laid in bays not exceeding 15 square

metres or 6 metres in length. (xi) All concrete shall be fully compacted with neither

segregation nor excessive latence being permitted. (xii) Once the concrete has been fully compacted and trowelled

to a smooth finish, it shall be left for a period of between two and three hours after which further trowelling shall be undertaken. Should water be brought to the surf ace as a result of this operation, the concrete shall be left for a further period of one hour and the process repeated as often as is necessary until no surface water is produced by the trowelling action. Thereafter the surface shall be marked out in panels (not exceeding 0.6m x 0.6m) and indented with a granolithic roller.

(xiii) As soon as the surface has hardened sufficiently to prevent

damage, it shall be cured for a minimum period of 48 hours by:

(a) spraying the surface with a curing compound complying

with Clause 1027 at a rate of 0.25 litres/m2.

or (b) covering the surface with building paper, plastic, or

other waterproof sheeting, kept in close contact with the surface. The covering shall overlap the sides of the slab and shall be securely held in position.

Appendix

For coloured concrete work method (ii) shall be used. (xiv) Concreting shall cease when atmospheric temperature is

below 3 C on a falling thermometer and shall not resume until a temperature of at least 1 C on a rising thermometer has been reached.

4 (i) Bedding shall be a layer of clean sharp sand or crushed

rock fines complying with BS 882 grading C or M, 30mm to 50mm thick.

(ii) Blocks shall be 200 x 100 x 65mm thick rectangular in

accordance with Table 10.3 of the Guidelines, and 1/2 is the minimum size of a part block.

(iv) There is no absolute requirement in relation to colour but

lightest colours should be used for pedestrian areas.

(iv) Blocks shall be laid to a herring bone pattern with blocks laid generally parallel and at right angles to the kerb face.

(v) Details at service covers and other openings shall be

agreed with the Head of Roads and Transportation prior to laying.

5 (i) Dense Macadam basecourse to Clause 906 shall be

20mm size to Clause 6.5 ofBS 4987, 1993. (ii) Rolled Asphalt wearing course to Clause 910 shall be O/

3 recipe type F mix to Table 6 Column 6.1 of BS 594:1992.

(iii) Close graded macadam wearing course to Clause 912

shall be 14mm size to Clause 7.3 of BS 4987, 1993. (v) 6mm or 10mm limestone or other approved chippings

shall be spread at 1 Kg/m2.