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Road safety tools for authorities
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Transcript of Road safety tools for authorities
Road Safety Tools for Road Authorities
6 July 2016Randall Cable Pr Eng
Overview
• Pillar 2: Safer Roads and Mobility• Pillar 4: Safe Road User• Pillar 5: Post-Crash Responses
+/- 750 000 km
+/- 22 000 km
• The +/- 22 000 km represents only 2.9 % of the 750 000 km of RSA network– but carries 33,1% of all traffic, and– more than 70% of all long distance road
freight.
National Road Network
• Continue to invest in our national asset– 2010/11 to 2014/15, SANRAL
awarded 921 contracts worth R61.9 billion for new works, rehabilitation and improvement, and various maintenance cycles
– 2015/16, SANRAL spent R14,8 billion
National Road Network
• Massive Infrastructure Investment• Role of Infrastructure in Road Safety is proven• UN Decade of Action : Global Plan
–Safe Systems Approach
National Road Network
Safe Systems Approach
• Despite all efforts to prevent crashes, road users will remain fallible and crashes will occur.
• Safe System approach is to ensure that in the event of a crash, the impact energies remain below the threshold likely to produce either death or serious injury.
• It stresses that those involved in the design of the road transport system need to accept and share responsibility for the safety of the system, and those that use the system need to accept responsibility for complying with the rules and constraints of the system.
Role of System Designers• Rules and Constraints
– Human Error versus Human Fault– Compliant Society – Road Safety Competes on a Hierarchy
of Social Needs• What is the reality?• Infrastructure supporting better road user
compliance
Safe Systems Approach
“Conventional Road Safety Engineering Thinking”
“Conventional Road Safety Engineering Thinking”
Human Factors93%
Vehicle Factors13%
Road Environment Factors
34%
Important Role of Infrastructure
Introduction
Introduction
Need for better understanding of pedestrian behaviour on freeways
Engineering / Infrastructure Interventions
Engineering / Infrastructure Interventions
Engineering / Infrastructure Interventions
Engineering / Infrastructure Interventions
Engineering / Infrastructure Interventions
Engineering / Infrastructure Interventions
Engineering / Infrastructure Interventions
Engineering / Infrastructure Interventions
Engineering / Infrastructure Interventions
• Engineering interventions guided by Leading Fatal and Serious Injury Crash Types– Vulnerable Road Users Specifically Pedestrians– Vehicular Crashes
• Intersections • Head on collisions• Single vehicle (run off road type)
Pillar 2: Safer Roads and Mobility
Drivers, 4066, 30%
Passengers, 5023, 36%
Pedestrians 4678, 34%Passengers 32% Drivers 27%
Pedestrians 37% / Cyclist 4%
Road Fatalities in SA
Between 5 000 and 6 000 pedestrians killed every year
The Case for Pedestrians• Genuine need for pedestrians to cross or travel along major routes.
– Vulnerable Road Users– Captive Road Users - Poorest of the poor
• Poor land use planning resulting in unsafe desire lines
Retrofit existing infrastructureA Safer Place to Walk
After
Before26
27
Retrofit existing infrastructureA Safer Place to Cross
Or…… we can calm traffic …..
60
• Engineering Priorities: Intersections– Are by nature conflict points– High Speeds or Reach Capacity– Upgrades
• Intersection Control Type• Turning lanes
Pillar 2: Safer Roads and Mobility
• Engineering Priorities: Intersections– Are by nature conflict points– High Speeds or Reach Capacity– Upgrades
• Intersection Control Type• Turning lanes• Roundabouts
Pillar 2: Safer Roads and Mobility
• Engineering Priorities: Intersections– Are by nature conflict points– High Speeds or Reach Capacity– Upgrades
• Intersection Control Type• Turning lanes• Roundabouts
Pillar 2: Safer Roads and Mobility
• Engineering Priorities: Head-on Collisions– Dual carriageways– Overtaking opportunity
• Climbing lanes• 2 +1
Pillar 2: Safer Roads and Mobility
2+1 Lane Configuration
Pillar 2: Safer Roads and Mobility
• Engineering Priorities: Single Vehicle Runoff Road Crashes– Delineation
• Signs• Road Marking
Pillar 2: Safer Roads and Mobility
• Engineering Priorities: Single Vehicle Runoff Road Crashes– Delineation
• Signs• Road Marking
– Rumble Striping• Shoulder• Centre
Pillar 2: Safer Roads and Mobility
• Engineering Priorities :Single Vehicle Runoff Road Crashes– Delineation
• Signs• Road Marking
– Rumble Striping• Shoulder• Centre
– Recovery Zones
Pillar 2: Safer Roads and Mobility
Good
Pillar 2: Safer Roads and Mobility
Poor
• Engineering Priorities :Single Vehicle Runoff Road Crashes– Delineation
• Signs• Road Marking
– Rumble Striping• Shoulder• Centre
– Recovery Zones
Pillar 2: Safer Roads and Mobility• Pedestrian Hazardous Location Programme
– In many instances these are known to us– These are “quick wins”– Remedial measures NOT ONLY infrastructure– Road User Behaviour needs to be influenced as
well, Road Safety Education and Awareness• Covered under Pillar 4 Safer Road Users
Land Use Development
5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:000
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Number of pedestrians crossing at N7 per hour of day, for a Friday
No.
of p
edes
tria
ns
Land Use Development
Pillar 2: Safer Roads and Mobility• Pedestrian Hazardous Location Programme
Province 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16KZN 2 2 3 4 4 5FS 1 1 - 1 1 -
WC 4 1 2 2 3 2NC - 2 1 3 2 3EC 3 3 3 4 3 4LP 1 2 - - 4 3MP - 1 - 1 - -NW - - 2 - 1 2GP 2 - 1 0 - -
Total 13 12 12 18 18 19
92 Sites
Road Network Assessment
• Method to determine road safety risk - mitigate• Network Level Tool• Overcome limited accurate crash data available• Inform where to intervene and invest
• Highest Return for our Road Safety Investment• Develop a Model that other Road Authorities can use
Pillar 2: Safer Roads and Mobility
• NetSafe©
– Identify and prioritize locations where road safety improvements and/or interventions are likely to be most effective
– Locations for further investigations • Further safety investigations must be undertaken at a particular
site in order to:• To identify appropriate safety improvements• Cost efficiency of safety improvements• Other remedial measures such as Road safety education and
awareness, and traffic law enforcement, that could compliment engineering/infrastructure interventions
Pillar 2: Safer Roads and Mobility
Ri = RL + ∑ RP
∆ L• Where:• Ri = Risk index per km road length• RL = Risk index related to length-based factors (per km)• RP = Risk Index related to point-based factors
(e.g. intersections)• ∆L = Length of section road (e.g. 10 m)
Risk IndexNetSafe©
RP = FS x RPO X F1P X F2P .....
• Where:• RL = Risk index related to length based factors
• FS = Adjustment factor for accident severity• RLO = Baseline risk index per km road length• F1L, F2L = Length based accident factors
RL = FS x RLO X F1L X F2L .....
Where:RP = Risk index related to point based factorsFS = Adjustment factor for accident severityRPO = Baseline risk index per pointF1P, F2P = Point based accident factors
NetSafe©
• Video Data Collection
NetSafe©
NetSafe©
Netsafe Results
Distance km
Risk
Inde
x
NetSafe© Road Safety Risk Index
NetSafe© Road Safety Risk Index
NetSafe© Road Safety Risk Index
Netsafe AnalysisN2 Section 5 (km 0 to km 81)
Crash Data
Risk Index
ITIS Crash Data
Speed Limits
Speeds
Query 1: Speeds
Accesses and Intersections
Query 2: Accesses and Crashes
Vertical Alignment
Query 3: Overtaking Conditions
Pedestrians / Schools
• Proactive means of ensuring that we can provide road infrastructure, that is more forgiving, self-explaining, meets the needs of all road users.
• Promotes a culture of road safety among Designers• Promoting Safe System Philosophy
– Maximise the safety of the road system– Special emphasis on high risk issues (fatal and serious injury
crashes)
Role of Road Safety Audits
Thank You !