rman_comm

8/7/2019 rman_comm

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/rmancomm 1/13

RMAN> LIST BACKUP;RMAN> LIST BACKUP OF DATABASE;RMAN> LIST BACKUP SUMMARY;RMAN> LIST INCARNATION;RMAN> LIST BACKUP BY FILE;

RMAN> LIST COPY OF DATABASE ARCHIVELOG ALL;RMAN> LIST COPY OF DATAFILE 1, 2, 3;RMAN> LIST BACKUP OF DATAFILE 11 SUMMARY;RMAN> LIST BACKUP OF ARCHIVELOG FROM SEQUENCE 1437;RMAN> LIST CONTROLFILECOPY "/tmp/cntrlfile.copy";RMAN> LIST BACKUPSET OF DATAFILE 1;

RMAN> CROSSCHECK BACKUP;RMAN> CROSSCHECK COPY;RMAN> CROSSCHECK backup of database;RMAN> CROSSCHECK backup of controlfile;RMAN> CROSSCHECK archivelog all;

Restore and recover the whole Database:

RMAN> STARTUP FORCE MOUNT;RMAN> RESTORE DATABASE;RMAN> RECOVER DATABASE;

RMAN> ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

Restore and recover a Tablespace:

RMAN> SQL 'ALTER TABLESPACE users OFFLINE';RMAN> RESTORE TABLESPACE users;RMAN> RECOVER TABLESPACE users;RMAN> SQL 'ALTER TABLESPACE users ONLINE';

Restore and recover a Datafile:

RMAN> SQL 'ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE 64 OFFLINE';RMAN> RESTORE DATAFILE 64;RMAN> RECOVER DATAFILE 64;RMAN> SQL 'ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE 64 ONLINE';

8/7/2019 rman_comm


Restore the Control file, (to all locations specified in the

parameter file) then restore the database, using that control file:

STARTUP NOMOUNT;

RUN{ALLOCATE CHANNEL c1 DEVICE TYPE sbt;RESTORE CONTROLFILE;ALTER DATABASE MOUNT;RESTORE DATABASE;}

Restore Validation confirms that a restore could be run, by

confirming that all database files exist and are free of physicaland logical corruption, this does not generate any output.

Example:

RMAN> RESTORE DATABASE VALIDATE;

There are many ways to restore a database using an RMAN

backup - this example assumes you are performing a Disaster-

Recovery restore of all data and recovering the entire database

with the same SID and the same disk/tablespace layout.

You will need the following information:

Database SID: ________

Database SYS password: ________

Disk layout and sizes: ________

Database ID (DBID): ________

There are 5 steps to recover the database:

8/7/2019 rman_comm


1) Create a new (empty) database instance

2) Mount the instance

3) Restore the datafiles

4) Recover the database

5) Reset the logs

1) Create a new (empty) database instance

Configure the new server with same disk layout as the original

database - if neccecary use Symbolic Links (or in Windows use

disk manager to re-assign drive letters.)

Ensure you have enough disk space for both the backup files

plus the restored database files.

Create a new database with the database configuration assistant

(DBCA) and set the SYS password and

global database_name to the same as the original database.

If the database to be restored is in archive log mode, set

the LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT parameter to match the setting in

the original database.

The ORAPWD utility can also be used to change the SYS

password.

2) Mount the empty instance

SQL> Shutdown immediate;SQL> Startup mount;

or specifying the pfile explicitly:

SQL> CREATEPFILE='C:\oracle\Database\initLive.ora' FROMSPFILE;SQL> Shutdown immediate;

8/7/2019 rman_comm


SQL> Startup mountpfile=C:\oracle\Database\initLive.ora


In this case we have copied the RMAN backup files and archive

logs to R:\Rman\

Change the dbid to match that of the database being restored

RMAN> SET dbid = 477771234;

RMAN> run {ALLOCATE CHANNEL disk1 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT

'R:\Rman\%U';restore database;}

At this point the datafiles and tablespaces will be re-created. For

a large database it can take a long time to restore each

tablespace - for better performance during a restore place the

RMAN backup files on a separate disk to the Oracle datafiles to

reduce disk contention.


SQL> Recover from 'L:\oradata\live' databaseuntil cancel using backup controlfile;SQL> cancel

5) Reset the logs

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

This will update all current datafiles and online redo logs and all

subsequent archived redo logs with a new RESETLOGS SCN

and time stamp.

8/7/2019 rman_comm


As soon as you have done a resetlogs run a full backup, this is

important as should you suffer a second failure you will not be

able to perform a second recovery because after resetting the

logs the SCN numbers will no longer match any older backup

files.

Notes:

The DBID can be retrieved in several places, if the database is

running: Select dbid from V$DATABASE;

The RMAN client displays the dbid at startup when connecting to

a database:

Copyright (c) 1995, 2003, Oracle. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: RDBMS (DBID=7776644123)

There are many ways to restore a database using an RMAN

backup - this example assumes you are running RMAN without a

Catalog and are performing a Restore & Point-In-Time Recovery

of all data back to a particular date/time in the past.

If you are running in Archive log mode and recover without

specifying a date/time then RMAN will apply all Archived logs it

can find, ofter recovering the database right back to the time

when you started the restore operation!

If you are running in Archive log mode (and you should be),

point-in time is probably the most common recovery scenario.

You will need the following information:

Database SID: ________

Database SYS password: ________

8/7/2019 rman_comm


The Date and Time to restore to : ________

There are 5 steps to recover the database:

1) Restore backup files from tape2) Mount the instance



5) Reset the logs

Restore backup files from tape

If you are looking to restore the database to a time of (say 09:00)

you will need the most recent RMAN backup files prior to thedate (say 23:00 from the previous day) plus all the archive logs

from the backup time until the restore time, in this case from

23:00 until 09:00.

If any of these files have been moved (e.g. archived to tape)

restore them to the default locations on the oracle database

server.

Mount the instance

C:\> Set ORACLE_SID=LiveC:\> rman TARGET SYS/Password NOCATALOG

RMAN:> shutdown immediate;RMAN:> startup mount;

Restore and recover the datafiles

RMAN> run{allocate channel dev1 type disk;set until time "to_date('2010-30-12:00:00:00','yyyy-dd-mm:hh24:mi:ss')";

8/7/2019 rman_comm


restore database;recover database; }

For a large database it can take a long time to restore each

tablespace - for better performance during a restore place theRMAN backup files on a separate disk to the Oracle datafiles to

reduce disk contention.

Open the database and reset logs

RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;

This will update all current datafiles and online redo logs and all

subsequent archived redo logs with a new RESETLOGS SCNand time stamp.

As soon as you have done a resetlogs run a full backup, this is

important as should you suffer a second failure you will not be

able to perform a second recovery because after resetting the

logs the SCN numbers will no longer match any older backup

files.

Example

Change an ordinary backup into a long-term backup:

CHANGE BACKUPSET 431 KEEP FOREVER NOLOGS;

Examples

Show all configurable settings:

RMAN>SHOW ALL;

8/7/2019 rman_comm


Write disk backups to the /tmp directory:

(%U will be replaced with unique filenames)

RMAN> CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK

FORMAT '/tmp/%U';

Backup using a flash recovery area rather than disk

RMAN> CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISKFORMAT CLEAR;

Configure RMAN to back up the control file after each backup

RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

By default, RMAN automatically names control file backups and

stores them in the flash recovery area.

To configure RMAN to write control file backups to

the /cfilebackups directory:

( %F will generate a unique filename)

RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMATFOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO

'/cfilebackups/cf%F';

Ensure that RMAN retains all backups needed to recover the

database to any point in time in the last 7 days:

RMAN> CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERYWINDOW OF 7 DAYS;

Retain three backups of each datafile:

RMAN> CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TOREDUNDANCY 3;

Delete backups no longer required by the retention policy:

RMAN> DELETE OBSOLETE

8/7/2019 rman_comm


To override the configured retention policy for individual backups

- use BACKUP.. KEEP (or CHANGE.. KEEP)

Configure backups to run in parallel by assigning

two sbt channels:

RMAN> CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE sbt PARALLELISM 2;

Reset any CONFIGURE setting to its default by running the command

with the CLEAR option

RMAN> CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE sbtCLEAR;

RMAN> CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY CLEAR;

Unique filenames are:

DBID, day, month, year, and sequence number.

SHOW{ RETENTION POLICY| [DEFAULT] DEVICE TYPE

| [AUXILIARY] CHANNEL [FOR DEVICE TYPEdeviceSpecifier]

| MAXSETSIZE| { DATAFILE | ARCHIVELOG } BACKUP COPIES| BACKUP OPTIMIZATION| SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME| AUXNAME| EXCLUDE| CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP [FORMAT]

| ALL};

Examples

SHOW RETENTION POLICY;SHOW DEVICE TYPE;SHOW DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE;

http://ss64.com/ora/rman_devicespecifier.html

http://ss64.com/ora/rman_devicespecifier.html

8/7/2019 rman_comm


SHOW CHANNEL;SHOW MAXSETSIZE;

SHOW ALL;

Syntax:

RUN {...

}

Example

RUN{ALLOCATE CHANNEL dev1 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT

'/fs1/%U';ALLOCATE CHANNEL dev2 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT

'/fs2/%U';BACKUP(TABLESPACE system,finance,marketing

FILESPERSET 20)(DATAFILE 62,63,64);

}

Examples

Restore and recover the whole databaseRMAN> STARTUP FORCE MOUNT;RMAN> RESTORE DATABASE;RMAN> RECOVER DATABASE;RMAN> ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

Restore and recover a tablespaceRMAN> SQL 'ALTER TABLESPACE users OFFLINE';RMAN> RESTORE TABLESPACE users;RMAN> RECOVER TABLESPACE users;

8/7/2019 rman_comm


RMAN> SQL 'ALTER TABLESPACE users ONLINE';

Restore and recover a datafileRMAN> SQL 'ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE 64 OFFLINE';

RMAN> RESTORE DATAFILE 64;RMAN> RECOVER DATAFILE 64;RMAN> SQL 'ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE 64 ONLINE';

Steps for media recovery:

1. Mount or open the database.

Mount the database when performing whole database recovery,

or open the database when performing online tablespace

recovery.2. To perform incomplete recovery, use the SET UNTIL

command to specify the time, SCN, or log sequence number at

which recovery terminates. Alternatively, specify the UNTIL

clause on the RESTORE and RECOVER commands.

3. Restore the necessary files with the RESTORE command.

4. Recover the datafiles with the RECOVER command.

5. Place the database in its normal state. For example, open it or

bring recovered tablespaces online.

Syntax:

BACKUP FULL OptionsBACKUP FULL AS (COPY | BACKUPSET) OptionsBACKUP INCREMENTAL LEVEL [=] integer OptionsBACKUP INCREMENTAL LEVEL [=] integer AS

(COPY | BACKUPSET) OptionsBACKUP AS (COPY | BACKUPSET) OptionsBACKUP AS (COPY | BACKUPSET) (FULL |

INCREMENTAL LEVEL [=] integer ) Options

8/7/2019 rman_comm


Examples

Back up the database, and then the control file:(which contains a record of the backup)

RMAN> BACKUP DATABASE;RMAN> BACKUP CURRENT CONTROLFILE;

Backup datafiles:RMAN> BACKUP AS BACKUPSET DATAFILE

'ORACLE_HOME /oradata/trgt/users01.dbf','ORACLE_HOME /oradata/trgt/tools01.dbf';

Backup all datafiles in the database:

(bit-for-bit copies, created on disk)RMAN> BACKUP AS COPY DATABASE;

Backup archive logs:RMAN> BACKUP ARCHIVELOG COMPLETION TIME

BETWEEN 'SYSDATE-28' AND 'SYSDATE-7';

Backup tablespace:RMAN> BACKUP TABLESPACE system, users, tools;

Backup controlfile:RMAN> BACKUP CURRENT CONTROLFILE TO

'/backup/cntrlfile.copy';

Backup parameter file:RMAN> BACKUP SPFILE;

Backup everything:

RMAN> BACKUP BACKUPSET ALL;

Create a consistent backup and keep the backupfor 1 year:(exempt from the retention policy)RMAN> SHUTDOWN;RMAN> STARTUP MOUNT;

8/7/2019 rman_comm


RMAN> BACKUP DATABASE UNTIL 'SYSDATE+365'NOLOGS;

Backup Validation confirms that a backup could be run, by

confirming that all database files exist and are free of physicaland logical corruption, this does not generate any output.

Example:

RMAN> BACKUP VALIDATE DATABASE ARCHIVELOG ALL;

rman_comm

Documents

Transcript of rman_comm