Rizal InSunny Spain=]]

7/30/2019 Rizal InSunny Spain=]]

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Presented by:

Granil & Baldivicio


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Decision to go to Spain

After finishing the fourth year of his medical

course, Rizal decided to go to study in Spain.

His elder brother readily approved his going to

Spain and so did his two sisters Saturnina(Neneng) and Lucia.

Rizal, however, did not seek his parents

permission and blessings to go abroad, because

he knew that they, especially his mother, would

disapprove it.


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Secret Mission

To observe keenly the following:

1. life and culture

2. languages and customs3. industries and commerce

4. governments and laws of the European

nations.


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Departure for Spain

Rizals departure was kept secret to avoid

detection by the Spanish authorities and the

friars

The kind Jesuit priests gave him letters of

recommendations to members of their Society in

Barcelona.

Rizal departed on May 3, 1882 boarded theSalvadora with the following route: Manila

Singapore Colombo through the Suez Canal

Naples and Marseiles Barcelona.


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Departure for Spain

Only Uncle Antonio Rivera, Paciano, and his

sisters, and some close friends knew of his

departure.

Paciano gave him P700, Saturnina gave him adiamond ring

An allowance of P35 per month was promised

by Paciano through Uncle Antonio Rizal used a passport named Jose Mercado


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Singapore

During his voyage he observed the people and things

around him and compared them with those in the

Philippines.

He was the only Filipino on board.

Rizal saw Singapore and was impressed by its progress

and beautiful sights

He admired the confidence of the natives of Singapore

with their government Rizal stayed at Hotel de Paz for his two day stop over at

singapore.

He transferd to Djemnah, a French steamer bound to

Europe


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First trip to Suez Canal

Djemnah was larger and cleaner than the Salvadora

He tried to speak french

After a week he reached Point de Galle, that

afternoon they sailed and docked at ColomboCeylon

The steamer crossed the Indian Ocean to Cafe

Guardafui in Africa. The trip was difficult because of

a stormy weather. Rizal was sea sick

On June 2 he arrived at the terminal of Suez Canal,

enjoyed and was thrilled by the historic waterway


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Naples and Marseilles

Djemnah proceeded to Europe. June 11, Rizal

reached Naples.

This Italian City pleased him because of its

business activity, its lively people, and itspanoramic beauty

Night of June 12, the steamer docked at the

French harbor of Marsielles He visited the Chateau dIf, where Dantes, the

hero in The Count of Monte Cristo was

imprisoned.

He stayed three days in Marseilles, enjoying


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Barcelona

At Marseilles, Rizal took the train to Barcelona

Rizal reached his destination Barcelona on

June 16, 1882.

Rizal found Barcelona to be a great city. With an

atmoshpere of freedom and liberalism, and its

people were open-hearted, hospitable and

courageous. The Filipinos in Barcelona, some of whom were

his schoolmates in Ateneo, welcomed Rizal.

They threw a party for Rizal at their favorite caf

in Plaza de Cataluna.


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Amor Patrio

In Barcelona, Rizal wrote a nationalistic essay

entitled Amor Patrio (Love of Country).

He wrote this essay on the request of his friend,

Basilio Teodoro Moran, publisher of the first

bilingual newspaper in Manila, the Diariong

Tagalogon August 20, 1882. (Spanish and

Tagalog) He wrote this essay using the pen name Laong

Laan.

The essay caused quite a stir among the readers

in the Philippines.


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Los Viajes and Revisita de

Madrid

The Editor of Diarong Tagalog, Francisco

Calvo, conratulated Rizal for the article and

requested him for more article.

In response to his request, he wrote hissecond article Los Viajes (Travels)

His third ariticle was Revisita de Madrid

(Review of Madrid). Unfortunately, it wasreturned to him because the Diarong Tagalog

had ceased publication.


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Rizal Moves to Madrid

Rizal received a sad news about the cholera

that was ravaging Manila and the provinces.

On a letter he received from Paciano dated

September 15, 1882, the Calamba folks werehaving afternoon novenas and nocturnal

procession, praying to God to stop the dreadful

epidemic

Another sad news he received was from

Chengoy (Jose M. Cecilio) telling how Leonor

Rivera was getting thinner because of the

absence of a love one


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Madrid

Upon Pacianos advise, Rizal left Barcelona in

the fall of 1882 and established himself in

Madrid, the capital of Spain.

At Madrid he enrolled at the UniversidadCentral de Madrid (Central University of

Madrid) on November 3, 1882

There he took two courses: Medicine andPhilosophy and Letters.

Aside from his studies, Rizal also took painting

and sculpture at the Academy of Fine Arts of San

Carlos


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Madrid

Rizal also took private lessons in French,

German, and English;

Rizal led a Spartan life in Madrid. He lived

frugally, spending his money only on food,clothing, lodging, and books.

His only vice was taking part in the Madrid

Lottery. He spends his leisure time reading and writing at

his boarding house, attending reunions with

fellow Filipino students and practicing fencing

and shooting.


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Madrid

Amongst Rizals collection of books are:

Bible

Hebrew Grammar

Lives of the Presidents of the U.S.Complete Works of Voltaire

Complete Works of Horace

Complete Works of C. BernardHistory of the French Revolution

The Wandering Jew

Ancient Poetry


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Madrid

Works of Thucydides

The Byzantine Empire

The Characters by La Bruyere

The Renaissance

Uncle Toms Cabin by Harriet

Beecher Stowe

Works of Alexander Dumas

Louis XIV and His Court


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Consuelo Ortiga y Perez

During Rizals stay in Madrid, he would

frequently visit the home of Don Pablo Ortiga y

Rey who lived with his son Rafael and daughter

Consuelo. Don Pablo was a former city mayor of Manila

during the administration of the liberal governor

general Carlos Ma. De la Torre.

Rizal was attracted by Consuelos beauty and

vivacity. As he made a poem entitledA La

Senorita C.O. y P. to express his admiration for

her.


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Consuelo Ortiga y Perez

Rizal, however, backed out from his romance

with Consuelo because

(1) he was still engaged with Leonor Rivera and

(2) his friend and co-worker in the PropagandaMovement, Eduardo de Lete was madly in love

with Consuelo.


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Circulo Hispano-Filipino

Shortly after arriving in Madrid in 1882, Rizal

joined the Circulo Hispano-Filipino, a society

of liberal Spaniards and Filipinos.

As a member of this society Rizal wrote a poem

entitled Me Piden Versos (They ask me for

Verses)


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Masonry

Freemasonry or the Masons, were a secretsociety composed of liberal and republicanSpaniards in Spain. Amongst them wereprominent and intellectual Spaniards.

The Spanish Masons openly and freely criticizedthe government policies and particularlylambasted the friars.

In March 1883, Rizal joined the Masonic lodgecalled Acaciain Madrid. His Masonic name wasDimasalang

Later he transferred to Lodge Solidaridad where

he became a Master Mason.


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Masonry

Rizal joined Freemasonry to secure their aid in

the fight against the Friars in the Philippines.

Amongst the prominent members of the Masons,

included, Miguel Morayta, statesman andprofessor; Francisco Pi y Margal, journalist and

former President of the short-lived First Spanish

Republic; Manuel Becerra, Minister of Ultramar;

Emilio Junoy, journalist and member of the

Spanish Cortes; and Juan Zorilla,

parliamentarian and head of the Republican

Progressive Party.


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Masonry

Two reasons why he became a Mason:

The bad friars in the Philippines unworthy of

their priestly habit or calling

He needed the help of the Masons to fight thebad friars in the Philippines. (it was a shield to

use in his fight against the evil forces of

tyranny)


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Financial Worries

Because of drought and locust the harvest of

rice and sugarcane failed in Calamba.

The manager of the Dominican-owned hacienda

increased the rentals of the lands cultivated bythe Rizal family

Due to this the monthly allowances of Rizal in

Madrid were late in arrival and there were times

when they never arrived.


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Financial Worries

On June 24, 1884 because Rizal was broke, he

was unable to eat his meals for the day.

He attended his class in the university with an

empty stomach. Rizal even participated in a Greek language

contest and won the gold medal.

Fortunately, in the evening, Rizal was the guestspeaker at banquet held in honor of Juan Luna

and Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo, where Rizal

was able to eat dinner.


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Juan Luna, with his Spoliarium won the first prize.


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Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo won the second prize with his

Christ ian Virg ins Exposed to the Populace.


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Salute to Luna and Hidalgo

Rizal in his speech, saluted Luna and Hidalgo as

two glories for Spain and the Philippines, whose

artistic achievements transcended geographical

frontiers and racial origins. In Rizals speech, he said genius is universal.

Genius knows no country, genius sprouts

everwhere, genius is like light, air, the patrimony

of everybody, cosmopolitan like space, like life,

like God.


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Student Demonstrations

Rizal Involved in theStudent Demonstration

Freedom of Science and

Teacher

Don Miguel MoraytaProfessor of History such

liberal view was

condemned by the

Catholic Bishops and

promptly excommunicated

Dr. Morayta and those who

applauded the speech.

- Recounting the tumultuous

rioting to his family in an

open letter dated

November 26, 1884


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Student Demonstrations

Bloody fights raged in the university buildings

and in the city streets. The students armed with

clubs, stones, and fists, fought the government

forces. Fortunately, Rizal and other Filipinos did not

received even a cane blow, nor taken prisoner,

nor arrested.


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Completion of Studies

Studies Completed in Spain- Was conferred the degree of Licentiate in Medicine by

the University on June 21, 1884

- The next academic year studied and passed all the

subjects leading to the degree of the Doctor ofMedicine however:

1. That he did not present the thesis required for

graduation

2. Paid the corresponding fees- he was not awarded the Doctors Diploma

- Also finished his studies in Philosophy and Letters with

the rating of Excellent

- HE did not bother to secure post graduate degreeI


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Rizal InSunny Spain=]]

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