THE ROMANS

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THE ROMAN EMPIRELET THE JOURNEY

BEGIN!

introduction

Rise of roman empire

Fall of roman empire

TWO PERIODS OF ROMAN GOVERNMENT

THE ROMAN

REPUBLIC

THE ROMAN EMPIRE

The roman republic

The Roman Republic was the phase of the

ancient Roman civilization

characterized by a republican

government.

The republic collapses

MAJOR PROBLEMS

•Growing discontent among the lower classes of society •Breakdown in military order

JULIUS CAESAR

• A military leader who became a great leader of the Roman Republic• He was stabbed to death 23 times by plotters led by Gaius Cassius and caesar’s friend Marcus Brutus at the Senate Chamber

JULIUS CAESAR

• His last words were “Et tu, Brute?” (“ You, too, Brutus)

BACK

The roman empire

The Roman Empire was the post-

Republican period of the ancient Roman

civilization, characterized by

government

The roman empire

headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the

Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and

Asia.BACK

THE rise of the

ROMAN EMPIRE

begin

the rise of the ROMAN EMPIRE

•

Rome was at the peak of it’s power from the beginning of Augustus’s rule in 27 B.C. to A.D. 180.

the rise of the ROMAN EMPIRE

•

For 207 years, peace reigned throughout the empire, except for some fighting with tribes along the borders.

the rise of the ROMAN EMPIRE

•

This period of peace is calle as the Pax RomanaOr “Roman Peace”

the rise of the ROMAN EMPIRE

•

During this time, the Roman Empire included more than 3 million square miles. Its population numbered between 60 and 80 million people. About 1 million people lived in the City of Rome.

Rome under augustus

(a golden age)•

• Attempted to reform public morals by promoting family life (largely unsuccessful)• Encouraged the growth of business

Rome under augustus

(a golden age)•

• Extended citizenship to more and more provincials• Established fire and police departments of Rome• Said that he “found Rome a city of bricks and left it a city of marble.”

Rome under augustus

(a golden age)•

• Built and maintained the empire’s infrastructure. (roads)• Established a strong money system• The birth of Christianity.

BACK

THE fall of the

ROMAN EMPIRE

begin

THE Reasons behind the fall of the ROMAN EMPIREECONOMIC REASONS

MILITARY REASONS

POLTITICAL REASONS

SOCIAL REASONS

• Gap between rich and poor• Improvised workers became tied to the land as coloni (sold as the land was sold)

ECONOMIC REASONS

• As fewer members of the lower classes could afford to buy good (no purchasing power), manufacturing and trade declined

ECONOMIC REASONS

•Large estates became self-sufficient, further hurting manufacturing and trade

ECONOMIC REASONS

BACK

• Roman Republic

• Reliance on barbarian troops

MILITARY REASONS

BACK

• Decline in patriotism

• East/West split

• No orderly succession

POLITICAL REASONS

BACK

• Population decline

• Decline in Intellectual Culture

• Religious Divisions

SOCIAL REASONS

The Roman Emperors

BAD GOO

D

BAD EMPEROR

CALIGULA

NERO

DOMITIAN BACK

GOOD EMPEROR

NERVA

TRAJAN

HADRIAN

GOOD EMPEROR

ANTONINUS PIUS

MARCUS AURELIUS

• 37-41 A.D.

• Mentally Disturbed

CALIGULA

BACK

• 54-68 A.D.• Good adminitrator but vicious• Murdered many• Persecuted Christians

NERO

BACK

• 81-96• Ruled dictatorially• Feared treason everywhere and executed many

DOMITIAN

BACK

• 96-98• Began custom of adopting heir

NERVA

BACK

• 98-117• Empire reached its greatest extent• Undertook vast building program• Enlarged social welfare

TRAJAN

BACK

• 117-138• Consolidated earlier conquests• Reorganized the bureaucracy

HADRIAN

BACK

• 138-161• Reign largely a period of peace and prosperity

ANTONINUS PIUS

BACK

•161-180 A.D.• Brought empire to height of economic prosperity• Defeated invaders• Wrote philosophy

MARCUS AURELIUS

THE END