Rights and dutiesRights and duties Rights are those claims which Rights are those claims which

are necessary for the growth of are necessary for the growth of individuals. Society give individuals. Society give recognizations to these claims and recognizations to these claims and state enforce these claims.state enforce these claims.

Nature and characteristics of Nature and characteristics of rights rights

Rights are possible only in the societyRights are possible only in the society Rights are the claims of the individualRights are the claims of the individual Rights are recognised and enforced by the Rights are recognised and enforced by the

societysociety Rights are not absolute Rights are not absolute Rights are equal for allRights are equal for all Rights are bound with dutiesRights are bound with duties Rights keep on changingRights keep on changing Rights can be used for social goodsRights can be used for social goods Rights are moral and reasonableRights are moral and reasonable

Classification or kinds of Classification or kinds of rightsrights

Rights Rights

Natural Moral Legal Natural Moral Legal FundamentalFundamental

Rights Rights Rights Rights Rights Rights Rights Rights

Civil Rights Political Rights Economic Civil Rights Political Rights Economic RightsRights

Classification or kinds of Classification or kinds of rightsrights

Natural rightsNatural rights Moral rightsMoral rights Fundamental rightsFundamental rights Legal RightsLegal Rights

Fundamental rightsFundamental rights

Rights to equalityRights to equality Rights to freedomRights to freedom Rights against exploitationsRights against exploitations Rights to religious freedomRights to religious freedom Cultural and educational rightsCultural and educational rights Rights to constitutional remediesRights to constitutional remedies

Legal RightsLegal Rights

Civil rightsCivil rights Economic rightsEconomic rights Political rightsPolitical rights

Civil RightsCivil Rights Right to LifeRight to Life Right to FamilyRight to Family Rights to Personal FreedomRights to Personal Freedom Right to EducationRight to Education Rights to Religious FreedomRights to Religious Freedom Right to EqualityRight to Equality Right to Freedom of Thought and ExpressionRight to Freedom of Thought and Expression Right to Freedom of MovementRight to Freedom of Movement Rights to PressRights to Press Rights to Secure JusticeRights to Secure Justice Right form AssociationRight form Association Right to ContractRight to Contract Right to freedom in Domestic MattersRight to freedom in Domestic Matters Right to Social SecurityRight to Social Security

Economic RightsEconomic Rights Right to WorkRight to Work Right to Adequate WagesRight to Adequate Wages Right to PropertyRight to Property Right to Rest And LeisureRight to Rest And Leisure Right to Economic SecurityRight to Economic Security Right to Fixed hours of workRight to Fixed hours of work

Political Right Political Right Right to VoteRight to Vote Right to Contest ElectionRight to Contest Election Right to hold Public OfficesRight to hold Public Offices Right to form Political Parties and Right to form Political Parties and

Association etc.Association etc. Rights to PetitionRights to Petition Right to Criticise The GovernmentRight to Criticise The Government Right to Protection in other CountriesRight to Protection in other Countries Right to InformationRight to Information

Necessary Arrangements For Necessary Arrangements For the Protection of Rightsthe Protection of Rights

Inclusion of rights in the consititutionInclusion of rights in the consititution Difficult method to amend the constitutionDifficult method to amend the constitution Provision of constitutional remediesProvision of constitutional remedies Independent judiciaryIndependent judiciary Not to make law against the rights vigilant Not to make law against the rights vigilant

citizencitizen Democratic governmentDemocratic government Separation of powers strong opposition Separation of powers strong opposition

partyparty Free and honest pressFree and honest press Right to informationRight to information

Duties Duties The word duty is derived The word duty is derived

from the word ‘Dept’ which means from the word ‘Dept’ which means loan. Thus, duty is a kind loan which loan. Thus, duty is a kind loan which citizens pay in return of his rights.citizens pay in return of his rights.

Classification of duties-:Classification of duties-:

1.1. Moral DutiesMoral Duties

2.2. Legal DutiesLegal Duties

Duties towards One’selfDuties towards One’self Character buildingCharacter building Self-controlSelf-control Good healthGood health HonestyHonesty TruthfulnessTruthfulness To get educationTo get education To earn one’s livelihoodTo earn one’s livelihood Simple living and high thinkingSimple living and high thinking Disciplined daily lifeDisciplined daily life Progressive outlookProgressive outlook Hard work Hard work

Moral Duties towards FamilyMoral Duties towards Family ObedienceObedience Ideal atmosphere in homeIdeal atmosphere in home Procreation of childrenProcreation of children To take of the health of the health of othersTo take of the health of the health of others Fulfilment of needsFulfilment of needs Family planningFamily planning SavingSaving To provide education to his childrenTo provide education to his children To look after the old parentsTo look after the old parents To bring fame to the familyTo bring fame to the family

Moral Duties towards Moral Duties towards SocietySociety Social serviceSocial service

To keep the surroundings cleanTo keep the surroundings clean To eradicate social evilsTo eradicate social evils Co-operationCo-operation To spread love among othersTo spread love among others Help in arresting criminals Help in arresting criminals Development of villages and citiesDevelopment of villages and cities To join others in sorrows and To join others in sorrows and

happinesshappiness To have compassionTo have compassion

Moral Duties towards Moral Duties towards Humanity Humanity

Not to discriminateNot to discriminate To help in the maintenance of world To help in the maintenance of world

peacepeace To rise above blind nationalismTo rise above blind nationalism To help the poorTo help the poor Sense of world citizenshipSense of world citizenship

Legal Duties Legal Duties Loyalty towards the stateLoyalty towards the state Obedience to lawsObedience to laws Respect for the constitutionRespect for the constitution Respect for the national flagRespect for the national flag Payment of taxesPayment of taxes Proper use of right to voteProper use of right to vote Military serviceMilitary service Co-operation with the governmentCo-operation with the government Protection of public property Protection of public property

Relationship between Rights & Relationship between Rights & DutiesDuties

Rights and duties go togetherRights and duties go together My right is other’s dutyMy right is other’s duty My right is my duty alsoMy right is my duty also Right should be used for social goodRight should be used for social good Duty toward the stateDuty toward the state Rights without duties are mere Rights without duties are mere

powerspowers

ConclusionConclusion

Rights are those conditions of Rights are those conditions of life without which are essential for the life without which are essential for the all round development of personality of all round development of personality of individuals. Rights and duties are closely individuals. Rights and duties are closely related. In the absence of one, the other related. In the absence of one, the other becomes meaningless. becomes meaningless.

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ByBy Dr. AMANDIP KAURDr. AMANDIP KAUR DEPTT. OF POLITICAL SCIENCE,DEPTT. OF POLITICAL SCIENCE, PGGCG, SEC. 11, CHANDIGARHPGGCG, SEC. 11, CHANDIGARH