PowerPoint Presentation

RFID Based Car Parking SystemSubmitted By:- Project Supervisor:- Krishna Kant (11008939) Mr. Amanjot SinghShamim Akhtar (11012419) Asst. Professor , ECE dept.Kishore Kunal (11008558)

20 MAY 2014

ContentsIntroductionObjectivesFlow ChartRFID SystemBlock diagramCircuit DiagramComponent listApplicationsAdvantagesFuture ScopesProblem faced Conclusion

INTRODUCTIONAutomatic Car Parking System deals with maintenance of parking slots automatically using IR Sensor.First step begins with the module of RFID which provides wireless identification of subscriber.

A RFID tag is attached to an object and contains information about that object and displays it on LCD. In this system, RFID tag and RFID reader used are operating at 125 KHz.After passing the card over the reader, the reader quickly looks up the identifier from the card in the database, checks to see whether the user is allowed to pass the boomer and automatically unlocks the Boomer.The second stage is used to determine the number of free slots inside the car parking area with help of IR Transmitter and IR Receiver.The Boomer at entry & exit gate gets raised when RFID Tag is authenticated by RFID Reader.

OBJECTIVETo develop and implement RFID and IR based car parking system for subscriber in a parking area.To replace the old and ineffective parking system.To be able to monitor and update the free parking slots on LCD.To provide security For Unauthorized subscriber.

Flow ChartRFID SystemBased on radio frequency.Low- frequency (30 khz-500 khz) 3 to 5 m.Mid-frequency (900 khz 1500Mhz) 5 to 17 m.High-frequency (2.4 Ghz 2.5 Ghz) 5 to 90 ft.

Consists two main components-RFID Reader.RFID Tags (with antenna coil).

RFID ReaderTwo way radio Tx-Rx called reader.EM-18 RFID Reader Module.9 pin module.In my project Low-frequency RFID Reader is used.Operating Frequency is 125Khz.Electronically programmed with unique information. Powered up with 12V & 1A.

Reader collision is a problem with RFID Reader.RFID TAGS

Used to uniquely identify object they are attached to.Made of a microchip with a tinny antenna.Containing a identifying information.Passive type.Types Read only & read write.Only focus on read only RFID tag.2 kb product data.

AT89S52

8051 MICROCONTROLLERIR SENSORIR SENSORIR SENSORIR SENSORPOWER SUPPLYRFID MODULELCD DISPLAYMOTORBLOCK DIAGRAMIR SENSORIR SENSORENTRYEXITP A S R LK O I T N S G

Circuit Diagram

Components ListPower Supply CircuitIC MAX 232Opto-isolatorIR (Infrared) SensorsH-Bridge circuitDC MotorMicrocontrollerLCD

POWER SUPPLY

Convert AC to DC voltage.Transformer ( 9-0-9) 750 maRegulated output voltage.Output voltage = 5V (DC)MAX232 Driver

Converts signals from an RS-232 serial port to signals suitable for use in TTLcompatible digital logic circuits.This makes it useful for implementing RS-232 in devices that otherwise do not need any voltages outside the 0 V to + 5 V range such as Microcontroller.IR Sensor

Here is the circuit diagram of an infrared sensor. Infrared sensors come in the pair of transmitter and receiver. Transmitter is basically an LED, which emits the light of infrared wavelength.

Receiver is basically is a photodiode

.

Optocoupler

Pc 347Consists of LED, IR LED or Laser diode for signal transmission.Provide electrical isolation between its input and output.prevent high voltages or rapidly changing voltages.

H-BRIDGE Circuit

Containing 4 switching element , with the load at the centre in a H like configuration.DC MOTOR

Type of motor that runs on direct current.DC Motor consists of an Stator, an Armature, a rotator and a commutator with brushes. DC and AC Motor.Focus only DC Motor.Converts electrical in to mechanical energy.Based on electromagnetism.

MICROCONTROLLERCalled as computer on a chip.ROM (4 kb)8 bit microcontroller40 pin ICRAM (128 bytes)32 Programmable I/O LinesOperating Range (4 5.5 V)PORT0 , PORT1 , PORT2 , PORT3Timer/CountersInterruptsRSTALE / PROG

RST (Reset) Circuit

I/P and active high.Reset when high.Lost all values at reset.Set when low. LCD

Stand for Liquid Crystal Display.Used in digital electronics and many portable computer.VDD GNDVCC and VEE (+5 V)Control pins(4 , 5 , 6)RS=0 , CommandRS=1 , dataR/W=0 , writeR/W=1 , readEN =High to LowData pin s(7 to 15)

APPLICATIONSIn car parking management.Toll Tax collection.Vehicles rental lots.

ADVANTAGESIt is fully automated system.Slots known in advance.Save time & fuel wastage.Not waiting at entry & exit point.Pollution problem avoided.Providing security & controlling.Eliminates manual records.Reducing man powers.Gives automatic notifications about free parking slots.

FUTURE SCOPEThe project can be developed using advanced microcontroller like ARM 7, ARM 9, AVR etc.Video surveillance can be implemented.The Database has all the vehicle information stored in it such as: Vehicle type, model etc.The transferred data can be saved and stored in computer as a database using specific software.The range of the RFID reader can be increased, so the reader can detect the tag from far distance. GSM module to send the parking lot subscribers notifications via SMS informing about the availability of parking slots.

Power supply: power level decreases due to low current rating of transformer.Difficulties faced in motor driven circuit.Back emf is produced using relays.Trouble shooting of IR Module is very difficult task.

PROBLEM FACEDCONCLUSIONThe integration of RFID with IR sensor technology has enhanced the security level in the Parking Area. The objectives have been fulfilled. This system is fully automated and it does not require any human interaction therefore eliminated the paper work. This system is accurate and can avoid theft . Power saving is also one of the important aspect of this system.The projects has been successfully implemented to park the vehicle automatically.In this projects IR Sensor section is used to detect the parking slots and basic component in this projects is the micro controller which controls all the actions performed by various devices.