Rf Pulse Compression and Transport Systems

Rf Pulse Compression and Transport Systems

Sami G. Tantawi

Outline• Single Moded Delay Line Distribution System

– Components required to implement the system• Components Based on the wrap-around mode converter

• components based on over-moded rectangular waveguides

• Multi-Moded Delay Line Distribution System– Components required to implement the system (Launcher and Extractor)

• Components based on the wrap-around mode converter

• Components based on over-moded rectangular waveguides

• Experimental and Theoretical development tools. – Over-moded test setup

– Scattering Matrix Codes

– High power test setups

TE21

TE01 Mode Extractor

TE01

TE12 (Vertically Polarized)

TE01

TE12 (Vertically Polarized)TE12 (Horizontally Polarized)

Accelerator Structure (~1.8 m)

~7.4 cm Circular Waveguide

TE01

Mode Launcher (Fed by Four Rectangular Waveguides)

Klystrons

~ 6 m

TE12 to TE01 Mode Converter

~53 m


TE01 Tap-Off TE01 Mode Converter (Fed by Four Rectangular Waveguides)

TE21-TE01 Mode Converter

TE01 Mode Extractor(Power is Extracted Evenly Between Four Waveguides)

0.75

0.8

0.85

0.9

0.95

1

1.05

1.1

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Single-Moded DLDSMulti-Moded DLDS

Rel

ativ

e C

ost o

f th

e rf

Sys

tem

Compression Ratio

Compression Ratio=WidthPulserAccelerato

WidthPulseKlystron

Cost Model

)1(max rm Ct

rC

T

2max r

gm

Cvtl

crkk

aac CnP

PNN

2

1max gm

k

aa

ck

vt

P

PN

nL

k

aa

crk P

PN

CN

1

rkk

aakmk SA

P

PNSSSS 0

000

0

1111 m

r

sm

r

sm

k

aa

cr

rsmmkm A

C

k

C

k

P

PN

C

CkANS

cc

r

pl

vll

rg

ckk

aaccc

pl

vlc nA

CDAAR

Cv

Pn

PNnANLDAAS

1

2

)1(

ka

r

rkk C

CAA

00

r

cpl

vll

r

k

c

r

sm

r

sm

m

a

r

r

rc

smc

vl

plmlkrr

C

nDkkR

C

n

k

C

k

C

kk

C

C

C

kkkkkRnDCS

k

2

)1(111

),,,,;,,,(

00

c

gvlv

lk

cc

k

mm A

vAk

A

Ak

A

Ak

,,

00

c

gplp

l A

vAk

Single Moded DLDS

3

771.46901DTE dB/S;

itc 9.0

rk Cn

5.0lR

1i

3

3

456.8

456.8

101

101

Dr

CD

t

C

r

T h e s y s t e m r e q u i r e s t h e f o l l o w i n g c o m p o n e n t s :

i . )( rk Cn h y b r i d s ( e a c h h y b r i d i s c o u n t e d a s o n e c o m p o n e n t )

i i . )( rk Cn l o a d s ( e a c h l o a d i s c o u n t e d a s o n e c o m p o n e n t )

i i i . rC2 T E 0 1 b e n d ( e a c h b e n d i s c o u n t e d a s o n e c o m p o n e n t )

i v . )1(log2 2 r

r CC

h i g h p o w e r h y b r i d s , e a c h h y b r i d i s c o u n t e d a s t w o c o m p o n e n t s .

v . 2

rC s u p e r - h i g h p o w e r h y b r i d s , e a c h i s c o u n t e d a s f o u r c o m p o n e n t s

H e n c e , t h e t o t a l n u m b e r o f c o m p o n e n t s i s g i v e n b y :

)1(log2 2 rrkc CCnn .

Single Moded DLDS3

771.46901DTE dB/S;

itc 9.0

rk Cn

5.0lR

1i

3

3

456.8

456.8

101

101

Dr

CD

t

C

r


i . )( rk Cn h y b r i d s

i i . )( rk Cn l o a d s

i i i . rC2 T E 0 1 b e n d

i v . )1(log2 2 r

r CC

h i g h p o w e r h y b r i d s

v . 2

rC s u p e r - h i g h p o w e r h y b r i d s

v i . 4

3 rC t a p - o f f s

systemunitKlystronsofNumbern

RationCompressioC

k

r

/




i i i . rC2 T E 0 1 b e n d

i v . )1(log2 2 r

r CC

h i g h p o w e r h y b r i d s

v . 2

rC s u p e r - h i g h p o w e r h y b r i d s

v i . 4

3 rC t a p - o f f s


RationCompressioC

k

r

/

Single-Moded DLDS

Multi-Moded DLDS ;5.01

m

rp n

Cn

)1(

)1(2/1(

rr

pmrpl CC

nnCnR

m

pmrj

mj

pmjn

j

nnjC

n

nn

rt C 1

120

20

20

10

101

1011

1

T h e s y s t e m r e q u i r e t h e f o l l o w i n g c o m p o n e n t s :



i i i . )( pr nC T E 0 1 b e n d

i v . pn m o d e l a u n c h e r .

v . )( pr nC m o d e e x t r a c t o r s .


RationCompressioC

k

r

/

DDTE

67185.1336.909312 dB/S

3

771.46901DTE dB/S;

rl CR

1

r

rCoff

sonsoff

s

Coffs

r

tC

1

111

3

456.8

10 D


i . )( rk Cn h y b r i d s ( e a c h h y b r i d i s c o u n t e d a s o n e c o m p o n e n t )

i i . )( rk Cn l o a d s ( e a c h l o a d i s c o u n t e d a s o n e c o m p o n e n t )

i i i . rC T E 0 1 b e n d ( e a c h b e n d i s c o u n t e d a s o n e c o m p o n e n t )

i v . O n e T E 0 1 m o d e l a u n c h e r , ( c o u n t e d a s t w o c o m p o n e n t s ) .

v . )1( rC s w i t c h e s ( e a c h c o u n t e d a s s i x c o m p o n e n t s ) .

T h e t o t a l n u m b e r o f c o m p o n e n t s i s g i v e n b y

452 rkc Cnn .

Active DLDS

Single-Moded BPC

hCC

R rhr

l 1log2

11

1

22

rk

r

rkk

Cn

PC

Cn

P

n

P

h

75

2log

75

2

75

2log

max2

maxmax2

3

3

9.16

9.16

101

101

Dr

CD

t

C

r


i . )2( kn h y b r i d s ( e a c h h y b r i d i s c o u n t e d a s o n e c o m p o n e n t )

i i . )2( kn l o a d s ( e a c h l o a d i s c o u n t e d a s o n e c o m p o n e n t )

i i i . 2 rC T E 0 1 b e n d ( e a c h b e n d i s c o u n t e d a s o n e c o m p o n e n t )

i v .

1

22

hrC

h h i g h p o w e r h y b r i d s , ( c o u n t e d a s f o u r c o m p o n e n t s ) .

v .

1

22

hrC

s p l i t t e r s ( e a c h c o u n t e d a s t h r e e c o m p o n e n t s ) .

T h e t o t a l n u m b e r o f c o m p o n e n t s i s g i v e n b y :

1842

1422

hCnn

hrkc .

Multi-Moded BPC

hC

CnR rh

rml 1log

2

11

1

22

mn

i m

i

r

mn

i m

i

n

r

Cn

t

C 1

1

10

10

101

101


i . )2( kn h y b r i d s ( e a c h h y b r i d i s c o u n t e d a s o n e c o m p o n e n t )

i i . )2( kn l o a d s ( e a c h l o a d i s c o u n t e d a s o n e c o m p o n e n t )

i i i . 2 rC T E 0 1 b e n d ( e a c h b e n d i s c o u n t e d a s o n e c o m p o n e n t )

i v .

1

22

hrC

h h i g h p o w e r h y b r i d s , ( c o u n t e d a s f o u r c o m p o n e n t s ) .

v .

1

22

hrC

s p l i t t e r s ( e a c h c o u n t e d a s t h r e e c o m p o n e n t s ) .

v i . mhr n

Ch

1

22 m o d e c o n v e r t e r s , ( e a c h i s c o u n t e d a s o n e c o m p o n e n t )

T h e t o t a l n u m b e r o f c o m p o n e n t s i s g i v e n b y

mmhm

rkc nhnn

Cnn 21842

21422


TE01 Mode Extractor(Power is Extracted Evenly Between Four Waveguides)

TE01

TE12 (Vertically Polarized)TE12 (Horizontally Polarized)

TE01

TE12 (Vertically Polarized)

TE01

TE01 Mode Extractor

Mode Launcher (Fed by Four Rectangular Waveguides)

TE21


Klystrons

~ 6 mTE01 Mode Converter (Fed by Four Rectangular Waveguides)

TE12 to TE01 Mode Converter


TE01 Tap-Off

SLAC

KEK

Eight 75-megawatt klystrons

RF

e+ or e- A Cluster of 9 Multi-Moded DLDS Sections

RF Power Sources

A Single Multi-Moded Delay Line RF Distribution System

Accelerator Structures

Delay Lines

Relative Cost

Efficiency

Relative Cost

Efficiency

Waveguide Diameter (cm)

Waveguide Diameter (cm)

Single-moded System

Multi-Moded System

C o m p n en t D e ve lo p m e nt

S in g le -M o d e d D L D S M u lti-M o de d D L DS E xp erim e n ta l S e tu ps(S L E D -II)

A p p lica tion

O ve r-m o d ed C ircu la r W a ve gu id esC o m p o ne n ts B a se d o n the W ra p-A rou n d M o de C o n ve rte r

T a p e rs

O ve r-M od e d R e cta n gu la r W ave g u id e C o m p o ne n tsC o m p o ne n ts b a se d o n H -p lan e d iscon tinu ties

A d ia b a tic T ap e rs Fro m R e c ta ng u la r T o C ircu la r G u id esT E 2 0 -----> T E 0 1T E 3 0 -----> T E 1 2

O ve r-M o de d R e c tan g u la r W a ve gu id esM ixe d w ith O ve r-M o d e d C ircu la r w a veg u id es

T yp e

TE11 (Vertical)TE12 (Horizontal)TE01

TE11 (Vertical)TE11 (Horizontal)

TE11 (Vertical)TE01

TE01

TE01 Extractor

To Accelerator Structures

TE01 Launcher

Extractor Schematic Diagram

Mode Launcher (A set Of 4 hybrids)


Single-moded DLDS

Klystron

~53 m


Tantawi 8/97

Load

Wrap-Around Mode Converter for Tap-off, and extraction, tested to 320MW

Modular Launcher

TE11 Launcher TE01 LauncherTE01 Launcher

Both Polarizations of T

E 11

TE 01

TE 01

”

TE12-TE11 Mode Converter TE12-TE11 Mode ConverterTE11-TE01 Mode Converter

TE01 Mode Extractor5”

Instead of using a cutoff section to allow the extraction of the TE01 mode, one can use two mode converters cascaded together

A short circuit

Y0=1 Y0=1

Y0=1 Y0=1

Y0=1

Y0=1

Y0=1Y0=1

5

1

5

2

5

4

5

25

2

5

1

5

2

5

45

4

5

2

5

1

5

25

2

5

4

5

2

5

1

jj

jj

jj

jj

S

4/

4/

Port 1

Port 2

Port 3

Port 4

If a signal is injected in port 1, it will all appear in port 3.


TE01 Mode Extractor

Compact Mode Extractor

Compact Launcher

Mode Pre-launcher, for testing launchers. The output phase of the four-waveguide output is controlled by the choice between the two inputs

1.5”~7”

A bend based on transition from an over-moded rectangular waveguide to a circular waveguide

TIMING

Because the rf power is being injected at different times into different modes that have different group velocities, one must pay a special attention to timing. The set of equation that need to be satisfied so that the each accelerator structure set get an rf pulse for a duration at the appropriate time are:

(1)

where L is the distance between accelerator structure sets, L1 is the distance between the launcher and first extractor, L2 is the distance between first and second extractor, L3 is the length of the delay line after the second extractor, vTE01 and vTE12 are the group velocities of the TE01 and TE12 modes respectively, and through are the delays due to the transmission of power from the main rf delay line system to the accelerator structure sets, i.e., the delay through and after the extractors.There are several choices for the lengths L, L1 through L3, and through that satisfy the above set of equations. An attractive choice is to set L1 through L3 equal to L, == and

(2)

This would lead to a fairly symmetric system.

);11

()()(

),11

()()(

),()(

0112234

01

3

0112123

01

2

1201

1

TETETE

TETETE

TE

vvL

c

L

v

L

vvL

c

L

v

L

c

L

v

L

)11

(0112

12TETE vv

L

LAUNCHER

Several ideas for the launcher have been proposed (8-9). In all of them a fundamental property of the launcher has been preserved: the launcher has only four inputs and the launcher has to launch four and only four modes. If this is preserved and the launcher is matched for all four different input conditions, because of unitarity and reciprocity the scattering matrix representing the launcher has to take the following form:

(3)

This form forces the isolation between inputs; i.e., if one of the four power supplies drops out or fails, the rest of the power supplies will not receive any reflected power.

00002/12/12/12/100002/12/12/12/100002/12/12/12/100002/12/12/12/12/12/12/12/100002/12/12/12/10000

2/12/12/12/100002/12/12/12/10000

S

Advanced Concepts

• Distributed Elements

• Circulators

• Switches

Summary• DLDS concepts are well understood

• Components based on wrap-around mode converters are being build and tested

• Devices based on Rectangular to Circular transitions are being designed

• High power experimental setups are being prepared

Rf Pulse Compression and Transport Systems

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