Rey Ty. (2014 December 09-10). Women in Peacebuilding & Reconstruction. PWRDCC SPMWA & UNESCO.

© 2014 Rey Tyrt

Inclusion & Mainstreaming of Women in Peacebuilding & Reconstruction:

Lessons from the Field

Rey Ty. (2014). Proceedings of The Palestinian Women’s Research and Documentation Centre Conference, “The Role of Women in Peacebuilding and Reconstruction,” December 9-10, 2014. Sponsored by the

State of Palestine Ministry of Women’s Affairs and United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Office (UNESCO). Funded by The Representative Office of Norway to the Palestinian Authority.

Dr. Rey Ty

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OutlineI. Introduction

II. Literature Review

III. Methods

IV.Findings

V. Conclusion

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Introduction

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Problem• Invisibility of Women

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Questions1. Conflict in the southern Philippines?

2. Impact on women?

3. Barriers to women’s participation?

4. Roles women play?

5. Case studies?

6. Best practices & lessons learned?

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Objectives1. Conflict in Southern Philippines

2. Impact on women

3. Barriers to women’s participation

4. Roles women play

5. Case studies

6. Best practices & lessons learned

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Terms1. Conflict management

2. Conflict resolution

3. Conflict transformation

4. Negotiation

5. Peacebuilding

6. Peacemaking

7. Reconciliation

8. Recovery

9. Reconstruction

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Literature Review

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Gender1. Gender

2. Gender-Based Violence

3. Gender Equity

4. Gender Equality

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3 Models of Gender Roles

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New Approaches

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United Nations Resolutions Mainstream Gender

1. U.N. Resolution 1325 (2000) and the subsequent Resolution 1888 on gender-based violence

2. Resolution 1888 on sexual violence;

3. Resolution 1889 on women in post-conflict reconstruction;

4. Resolution 1960 on sexual violence in conflict;

5. Resolution 2122 on the rule of law and transitional justice

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Lessons from Guinea, Liberia, & Sierra Leone

• On U.N. Resolution 1325

1. (1) “Working (better) with what exists: Engage custodians of the customary justice system” (Schoofs, Nagarajan, & Abebe, 2010, p. 5);

2. “Address sexual and gender-based violence: Mobilize communities through change agents” (p. 6);

3. “Economics matters: Address the economic dimension of gender, peace and security” (p. 7); and

4. “From plans to action: Make smart investments in civil society” (p. 8).

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Lessons from Nepal1. Safest to go through

existing power structures for social role of women (to avoid retaliation)

2. Inclusion of the poor, powerless, different gender, ages, ethnicities, abilities illiterate & less literate that represent the local community

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Lessons from Rwanda• Gender Representation:

The Constitution requires a 30% quota of women in the legislature.

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Lessons from Burundi, Colombia, Nepal, & Uganda1. Not vulnerable but

change agents

2. Core in recovery intervention

3. Political advancement

4. Invest in constructive social change

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Methodology

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Methodology1. Research Design

2. Site Selection

3. Consent Form

4. Comparative Case Studies

5. Data Collection Method

6. Narrative & Discourse Analysis

7. Research Collaborators

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Dr. Susana Anayatin• Department of Trade & Industry• Goldin Institute• Teaches graduate peace studies at 2 colleges• Christian Tagalog

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Sarah Jane Diang• Muslim

Maguindanao & Ilongga

• Social Work Faculty at a State University, Maguindanao

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Anisha Guro• Muslim Meranao• Administrator,

Mindanao State University

• Former National Commission for Culture & the Arts committee member

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Fatima “Faith” Kanakan• Muslim Iranun &

Teduray • Executive

Director, Office of Southern Cultural Communities (ARMM)

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Noriam Ladjajagais• Muslim Tausug

• Nisa Ul-Haqq (Women for Justice)

• Guidance Coordinator, Basilan National High School

• Part-Time Commissioner, Filipino Language Commission

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Dahlia Martin• Muslim Tausug• Bachelor’s &

Master’s in Social Worker

• Works in General Santos City

• From Jolo, Sulu

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Sultan Hamidullah

“Pogie” Atar

• Muslim Maranao

• Enthroned Sultan, Lanao

• MPA, MSU Marawi; Rido CEO

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Nelson Dino• Muslim Tausug

• “Artivist”

• Former Lecturer, Mindanao State University, Sulu (3 years)

• Worked on MPA & MS Agriculture, Sulu State College

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Argie “Arg” Sarco• Muslim Tausug &

Bisaya• Instructor, Basilan

State College• Director, Student

Affairs• Coordinator of

Peace Center

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Dr. Alzad “Al” Sattar• Muslim Sama, Yakan, &

Tausug

• Undersecretary for Madrasah Education, Dept Ed-ARMM

• Doctor of Education, Basilan State College

• Cotabato City

• From Basilan

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Dr. Rey Ty• Full Disclosure:• I co-construct

knowledge here.• Secular Feminist Bio-

centric Chinese-Filipino male of Buddhist-Christian-Confucian-Taoist heritage.

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Findings

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Conflict

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Where in the World Are You, the Philippines, Mindanao, & Sulu Archipelago?

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Conflict

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Mindanao

Bangsamoro

Sulu Archipelago

What’s in a Name?

MILF:Kagan, Sangil, Maguindanao,

Maranao, Iranun, etc.

MNLF:Yakan, Sama,

Bajau, Tausug, etc.

Islam: Same Religion

But Different Rebel Groups, Islands, & Ethno-Linguistic

Groups

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Moro National Liberation Front

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Moro Islamic Liberation Front Peace Agreement

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National Democratic Front, Communist Party of the Philippines,

& New People’s Army all over the Philippines, including the Southern Philippines

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Independence Movement

• Sulu Sultanate’s Group for Independent Sulu Archipelago

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Impact on Women

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Role of Women

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Negotiation

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Meeting with MILF Rebels• Dr. Susana Anayatin, Goldin Institute

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Meeting with Combatants• Dr. Susana Anayatin with

Bangsamoro Islamic combatant (left) & the military (right)

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Dealing with Conflicts

Sultan Pogie Atar

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Reconciliation

Dr. Al Sattar in an Interfaith Gathering with Indigenous,

Muslim, & Christian Women & Men

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Gender-Inclusive Interfaith Dialogue

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Interfaith DialogueWith Indigenous,

Muslims, & Christians from the Philippines &

U.S. Peers

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Interfaith Dialogue

With Indigenous, Muslims, & Christians from the Philippines

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Interfaith DialogueWith Indigenous, Muslims, & Christians from the

Philippines & U.S. Peers

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Peacebuilding

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Dr. Susana Anayatin’s Project

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Recovery

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Relief Goods• Dr. Alzad Sattar distributed relief goods

with women & men in Bgy Talon-Talon during the Zamboanga siege.

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Organizing & Planning

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Reconstruction

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A time to throw away stones & a

time to build.

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A Time to Plant & A Time to Reap

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Economic Empowerment: Domesticated Livestock Livelihood

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Summary• Barriers: Do something about

traditional roles — “New Masculinities;” include (don’t exclude) men who need to learn

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Summary

• Intersectionality: class, gender, age, generations, literacy, culture, religion, displacement, nature/environment, etc.

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Summary• Lessons Learned

1. Class & Power

2. Choice

3. Intentional

4. Don’t stereotype

5. All kinds of violence

6. Not vulnerable but change agents

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Summary• Invite & include women in all

economic/budget/funding, political, cultural, social activities & leadership roles

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As long as structural violence—such as mass poverty &

injustice—remains, armed conflict looms

on the horizon.

© 2014 Rey Ty

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© 2014 Rey Ty

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Rey Ty. (2014 December 09-10). Women in Peacebuilding & Reconstruction. PWRDCC SPMWA & UNESCO.

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