In every First Certificate Use of English Part 3 there are ten transformation questions.

You may fill in the space with two, three, four or five words but in no circumstances is it allowed to use more. Contracted forms such as shes or isnt are regarded as two words. Words containing an apostrophe of possession, e.g. a days work, are considered to be one word. You are not allowed to alter or omit the key word You cant make any changes in the words already given Accurate spelling is essential throughout. To obtain both marks the answer must be completely correct. (most questions test more than one item of grammar and vocabulary).One mark may be given for a partially correct answer.Example: last saw him at my 21st birthday party. sinceI ..my 21st birthday party. havent(not) seen him since

1. I dont want to watch television at the moment. rather I.television at the moment . 2. We dont visit you very often because you live so far away. nearer If .............................................................., we would visit you more often. 3. My brother is looking after the dog while were on holiday. care My brother ..the dog while were on holiday. 4. My son started working when he was sixteen. since My son he was sixteen. 5 Sheila used to drink coffee at work but she doesnt any more. up Sheila .at work 6. Ill give you a hand as soon as I can, said Lesley

me Lesley told me a hand as soon as possible. 7. You are supposed to be working not watching TV. ought You .., not watching TV 8. They will marry at five oclock. place Their wedding . at five oclock. 9. Nobody I know paints as well as Joe, than Joe ........................................................I know. 10. The headmaster dismissed five teachers, so that he could cut costs, order The headmaster dismissed five teachers .. costs. 11.John can draw animals very well. good John is very . animals. 12.The custom officer told Sally to open her case. made The customs officer .. her case. 13.I wasnt allowed to go on holiday with my friends last year. let My parents on holiday with my friends last year. 14. Osasuna definitely wont be league winner this year. chance Osasuna has got league winner this year. 15.Could I stay with you for the weekend? put Could you . for the weekend? 16.Geography doesnt interest my son. interested My son geography. 17.I sensed that somebody was following me.

I I had the feeling thatfollowed. 18. Helen advised Laura to take some days off. you Laura, if I .take some days off. 19.Because he went in for exercising, he started to jog. jogging Because he went in for exercising, he 20.This is the first time I have ridden a motorbike. used Im not ..a motorbike. 21. The shelf was so high that the children couldnt reach it. high The shelf was children to reach 22. In September there are not many tourists in town . only In September there are tourists in town 23. Although she had worked very hard, she failed the exam. spite She failed the exam, ...............................................very hard. 24. Its possible that she didnt know about the meeting. might She ......................................................................................about he meeting. 25.I did not know any of the people at the party. nobody There .at the party. 26.The association has postponed the event until October. put The event until October. 27.I couldnt understand the instructions because of the noise. difficult The noise .. the instructions. 28.These two pictures look the same to me.

tell I between these two pictures. 29. I heard you passed the FCE exam and would like to offer my congratulations. congratulate I would like to ...............................................................the F.C. exam. 30. I thought Tom might come for dinner, so I bought some more food. case I bought some more food........................................for dinner. 31.This house needs painting again. have This housepainted again. 32.Im sorry I fell asleep in class yesterday. wish I .asleep in class yesterday. 33. I was surprised to see her so suddenly. me Her sudden .by surprise. 34. I didnt realise I had offended anybody. aware I ..............................................................offended anybody. 35.Everybody says that Bruges is a very beautiful city. considered Bruges ..a very beautiful city. 36. We couldnt solve the problem. solution We were unable ........................................................................ the problem. 37.The dentist has taken out all of Rickys teeth. his Ricky .taken out. 38.We really ought to leave now, said Jane high Its ..leaving, said Jane 39.It wouldnt be a good idea to leave him alone.

better You..him alone. 40.While he was staying abroad, a lot of interesting things happened to him. his During.a lot of interesting experiences. 41.I didnt break the plate, said Mandy. denied Mandy .. the plate 42. These gloves are not mine, said Mrs Kelly. belong These gloves ,said Mrs Kelly. 43.Sue has been a teacher for 20 years. teacher Sue .20 years ago. 44. John regrets not having gone to university. I If to university, said John 45. But for the map of the town, Maria would have got lost. she Maria would have got lost a map of the town. 46.I must go to the bank now because it closes at two oclock. get The bank will have closed .. there before two oclock. 47.He was offered a job but rejected it so that he could carry on with his studies. turned He was offered a job but order to carry on with his studies. 48.Rebecca said that it wasnt worth repairing the car. point Rebecca said that ..repairing the car. 49.I dont think Bob has finished his meal yet.

is I think Bob his meal. 50. Youve stolen my tape recorder, John, said Vicky. accused Vicky ..her tape recorder. 51.You know more people than me. as I dont know .. you do 52.Only natural materials were used to build this house. using This house ..only natural materials. 53.We will be shown to our room upon our arrival at the hotel. as We will be shown to our room at the hotel. 54.My boyfriend is the only person who passed the exam. apart Nobody passed the exam. 55.The Self Access Centre was practically empty during the exam period. hardly There .the Self Access Centre during the exam period. 56.The secretarys computer hasnt worked for 2 weeks. down The secretarys computer .ago. 57.I went to the bank but it wasnt really necessary. gone I .the bank. 58. Ill have to go to the supermarket, as weve little coffee left, running Ill have to go to the supermarket as ..coffee. 59.They didnt give us enough time to do the job properly. little We were given .couldnt do the job properly. 60.Please dont repeat everything I say.

mind Would ..everything I say. 61.Why dont you try to find another job? she asked. look She suggested to Arnold .another job. 62.Jo didnt go to the cinema but went playing tennis instead. instead Jo went playing tennis to the cinema. 63.I dont suppose you know his name, do you? happen Do you his name? 64.In my opinion, the problem has happened for two reasons. are In my opinion, ..this problem has happened. 65.I cant believe nobody saw him. must Surely he by somebody. 66.Youre going too fast for me. keep I ...you. 67.The school caretaker locked up the school so that vandals couldnt get in. prevent The school caretaker locked up the school .in. 68.Alans children are never invited to parties because of their bad behaviour. that Alans children they are never invited to parties. 69.Older people often have difficulty working with computers. difficult Its often work with computers. 70.You wont get anywhere if you shout at him.

use Its .at him. 71.The children spent the whole afternoon watching television. but The children .television the whole afternoon. 72.The association has postponed the event until October. off The eventuntil October. 73.Almodovar has been very successful with his film Talk to her. lot Almodovar has .with his film Talk to her 74.You probably wont have any difficulty passing your oral exam. doubt I .any difficulty passing your oral exam. 75.The danger is that this building will collapse suddenly. danger The building suddenly. 76. She said she really wanted to help me to paint my bike insisted She ..to paint my bike. 77.The younger generation used to show respect for the older generation. up The older generation used .by the younger generation. 78.I havent gone to the cinema for many years. ages Its .to the cinema. 79.When did they decide to fire the workers? he asked . wondered He . to fire the workers. 80.Im sure I put my keys on the table when I came back from school. remember I . on the table when I came back from school.

81.When should we collect the books we ordered last week?

supposed When .up the books we ordered last week. 82.English was my favourite subject at school. liked English was the .at school. 83.Getting away for some days would be good for you. get It would do you .away for some days. 84.I suggest that you allow her to phone her parents. let Why ..phone her parents. 85.Walter complained about the way he was spoken to. a Walter .. about the way he was spoken to, 86.I dont see why I should tolerate the way they treat me. put Why .the way they treat me. 87.In spite of the expense, the train is still the best way to travel. even The train is still the best way to travel, .expensive. 88.He invented an illness in order to avoid having to go to school. so He invented an illness to go to school. 89.A member of the family can collect your certificate. have You ...by a member of the family.90. If the trousers hadnt been so expensive, Jenny would have bought them.

such They ..Jenny didnt buy them . 91.Ive never seen anyone play so skilfully before. much Ive never seen anyone play before. 92. Its likely that my parents havent heard the news yet.

unlikely My parents.the news yet. 93. I was surprised to discover that Lucy and Michael were husband and wife. turned To .that Lucy and Michael were husband and wife 94. The teacher advised the children not to talk so much. would I . talk so much, the teacher said to the children 95. He never listens to his parents advice. attention He . his parents advice. 96. Its important that we consider everyones opinions before deciding. into Everyones opinions must ..before deciding 97.He seems not to care about anything. matters He acts.to him. 98.I dont want you to disturb Bill while he is working. rather I disturb Bill while he is working. 99.If I could work in the media, thats what I would like to do. opportunity If I so, I would like to work in the media. 100.This is the funniest book I have ever read. as I have never read as .one before.

Key 1.I dont want to watch television at the moment. rather Id (would) rather not watch television at the moment. 2. We dont visit you very often because you live so far away. nearer If you lived nearer, we would visit you more often. 3. My brother is looking after the dog while were on holiday. care My brother is taking care of the dog while were on holiday.

FocusWould rather +(not) inf.

notesGrammar:Murphy: Unit 58 C-D Id rather go by car. Id rather not go out this evening But: Id rather you cooked the dinner

Conditionals. 2nd conditional

Voc.:Expression: To take care of ( sth., sb.)

Dict: Take care of sth. or someone: You look after them and prevent them from harmed or damaged. There was noone else to take care of their children. You have to learn to take care of your possessions.

4. My son started working when he was sixteen.since My son has been working since he was sixteen. 5 .Sheila used to drink coffee at work but she doesnt any more. up Sheila gave up drinking coffee at work 6. Ill give you a hand as soon as I can, said Lesley me Lesley told me she would give me a hand as soon as possible. 7. You are supposed to be working not watching TV. ought You ought to be working, not watching TV

Past tenses Pres.Perf.Contin. Since/for Voc. Phrasal verbs: To give up + noun/-ing Dict./ Gram

Reported Speech Tense , pronoun changes To tell somebody (To somebody) Auxiliaries Ought to

8.They will marry at five oclock. Place Their wedding will take place at five oclock 9.Nobody I know paints as well as Joe, than Jo paints better than anyone I know. 10. .The headmaster dismissed five teachers, so that he could cut costs, order The headmaster dismissed five teachers in order to cut costs. 11. John can draw animals very well. good John is very good at drawing animals. 12. The customs officer told Sally to open her case. made The customs officer made Sally open her case. 13. I wasnt allowed to go on holiday with my friends last year. let My parents didnt (not) let me go on holiday with my friends last year. 14 Osasuna definitely wont be league winner this year. chanceOsasuna has got no chance of being league winner this year.

Voc. :Expressions: To take place Comparatives Someone/ anyone

Linking words In order + to-inf.

Adj+prep. To be good at Prepos. + -ing Verb Patterns: Make+ infinitive Verb patterns: Let+ infinitive

Bad, good, quick, slow, clever, efficient + at Shes good at arithmetics but slow at algebra.

Voc.: expression To have no chance of Gram.: Prep.+-ing.

15. Could I stay with you for the weekend? put Could you put me up for the weekend. 16. Geography doesnt interest my son . interested My son isnt interested in geography. 17.I sensed that somebody was following me. I I had the feeling that I was being followed. 18. Helen advised Laura to take some days off. you Laura, if I was (were) you, Id (would) take some days off. 19.Because he went in for exercising, he started to jog. jogging Because he went in for exercising, he took up jogging. 20.This is the first time I have ridden a motorbike. used Im not used to riding a motorbike. 21. The shelf was so high that the children couldnt reach it. High The shelf was too high for the children to reach. 22 In September there are not many tourists in town. only In September there are only a few/ (a)very few/ a small number of tourists in town

Phrasal verbs: To put (sb.) up. Adjective + prep.: To be interested in . The passive Tense changes Functions:Structure to give advice:If I were (was) you ,I would

Phrasal verb: to take up (hobby,activity) Be/get used to (+ ing)

Too/enough +(for)+to-inf

Murphy : 102 Examples: The box is too heavy for me to carry. Hes not old enough to see that film

Few/ a few

23. Although she had worked very hard, she failed the exam. spite She failed the exam, in spite of having worked very hard. 24. Its possible that she didnt know about the meeting. might She might not have known about he meeting. 25.I did not know any of the people at the party. nobody There was nobody (that/who) I knew at the party. 26.The association has postponed the event until October. put The event has been put off until October. 27. I couldnt understand the instructions because of the noise. difficult The noise made it difficult to understand the instructions.

Linkers: Although/ In spite of/despite Modal auxiliary: Might + perf. Inf. Nobody/anybody Relative clause Phrasal verbs: To put off Passive: tense changes Preparatory it: Subject+verb+it+comple ment+inf/(clause) I Swan:302: We can sometimes use it as a preparatory object. This happens when the object of the verb is an infinitive expression I find it difficult to talk to you My blister made it a problem to walk Note that this sructure is not normally used when there is no adjective or noun compement after the verb. I cannot bear to see people crying. (not: I cannot bear it to see people crying).

28. These two pictures look the same to me. tell I cant tell the difference between these two pictures.

Voc.:Expression: To tell the difference

29. I heard you passed the FCE exam and would like to offer Verb + prep.: my congratulations. To congratulate (sb) on congratulate (sth.) Preps + -ing I would like to congratulate you on passing the FCE exam. 30. I thought Tom might come for dinner, so I bought some more food. case I bought some more food in case Tom came for dinner. 31.This house needs painting again. have This house will have to be painted again. 32.Im sorry I fell asleep in class yesterday. wish I wish I hadnt (not)fallen asleep in class yesterday. 33. I was surprised to see her so suddenly. Me Her sudden appearance took me by surprise. 34.I didnt realise I had offended anybody. Aware I wasnt aware of having offended anybody. 35..Everybody says that Bruges is a very beautiful city. Considered Bruges is considered to be a very beautiful city. Need+ing Murphy: 56 Needs doing= needs/has to be done Wish + past tenses Conditionals: In case

Voc: Expressions: To take somebody by surprise. Voc.:Expressions: To be aware of

A sentence can be rewritten using one of the words in a different form. This means moving between nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs. Sometimes this produces constructions with prepositions.

Preps + ing form Passives: Murphy: Unit 44 To be considered to +inf

36. We couldnt solve the problem

Unable + to-inf:

solution We were unable to find a solution to the problem. 37.The dentist has taken out all of Rickys teeth. his Ricky has had all his teeth taken out 38.We really ought to leave now, said Jane high Its high time we were leaving, said Jane 39.It wouldnt be a good idea to leave him alone. better You had (d) better not leave him alone. 40. While he was staying abroad, a lot of interesting things happened to him. his During his stay abroad he had a lot of interesting experiences 41.I didnt break the plate, said Mandy. denied Mandy denied breaking/ having broken the plate 42. These gloves are not mine, said Mrs Kelly. belong These gloves dont belong to me,said Mrs Kelly. 43.Sue has been a teacher for 20 years. teacher Sue became a teacher 20 years ago. 44.John regrets not having gone to university.

Noun + prep.: A solution to Passives To have something done Its (high/about)time +past tense

Had better+ inf.

Voc : Wordformation verb noun Voc. Expressions: To have an experience. Reported speech: Reporting verbs: To deny + ing Voc. Expressions. To belong to someone

Past tenses. Pres. Perf./ Simple Past Wishes:If Only

Sometimes its necessary to change the verb in order to get the same meaning.Swan: 265- Murphy38-39-40

I If only I had gone to university, said John 45. But for the map of the town, Maria would have got lost. she Maria would have got lost if she hadnt (had not) had a map of the town 46.I must go to the bank now because it closes at two oclock. get The bank will have closed unless I get there before two oclock. 47.He was offered a job but rejected it so that he could carry on with his studies. turned He was offered a job but he turned it down in order to carry on with his studies. 48.Rebecca said that it wasnt worth repairing the car. point Rebecca said that there was no point in repairing the car. 49.I dont think Bob has finished his meal yet. is I think Bob is still having (eating) his meal. 50. Youve stolen my tape recorder, John, said Vicky. accused Vicky accused John of having stolen her tape recorder. 51.You know more people than me. Verbs + prep. To accuse someone of sth. Comparisons As-as Expressions + ing: There is no point in Still/ yet Conditionals: 3rd conditional But for=de no haber tenido un mapa Conditionals: Unless ( = if not)

After IF ONLY you use the same rules as after WISH If only/ I wish I knew more people. (pres.) If only / I wish she hadnt told the police. (past) If only/ I wish it would stop raining. Murphy 40c

Phrasal verbs To turn sth. Down Linkers: In order to

Murphy: unit 62

Murphy: unit 110

as I dont know as many people as you do 52.Only natural materials were used to build this house. using This house was built using only natural materials 53.We will be shown to our room upon our arrival at the hotel. as We will be shown to our room as soon as we arrive at the hotel. 54.My boyfriend is the only person who passed the exam. apart Nobody apart from my boyfriend passed the exam. 55.The Self Access Centre was practically empty during the exam period. hardly There was hardly anybody at the Self Access Centre during the exam period. 56.The secretarys computer hasnt worked for 2 weeks. down The secretarys computer broke down two weeks ago.

People + plural

-ing clauses

Murphy: 67

Tenses : As soon as + Pres.

Voc. Expressions Apart from

Some/Any: Hardly + any Preps.of place: At/in

Phrasal verbs: To break down. Past tenses: S.Past/ Pres. Perf.

57.I went to the bank but it wasnt really necessary.

Past auxiliaries:

gone I neednt have gone to the bank. 58. Ill have to go to the supermarket, as weve little coffee left, running Ill have to go to the supermarket as we are (re) running out of coffee. 59.They didnt give us enough time to do the job properly. Little We were given so little time that we couldnt do the job properly. 60. Please dont repeat everything I say. mind Would you mind not repeating everything I say. 61.Why dont you try to find another job? she asked. look She suggested to Arnold that he look for/ that he looked for/ that he should look for another job. 62. Jo didnt go to the cinema but went playing tennis instead. instead Jo went playing tennis instead of going to the cinema. 63.I dont suppose you know his name, do you?

Neednt have/ didnt need to Phrasal verbs: To run out of.

Comparison: so .that little/few Verb patterns Mind + ing-form

Verb patterns: suggest

Murphy: 34b We never use a to-inf. After suggest.

Prepositions + ing

Voc.: Happen +to-inf

happen Do you happen to know his name? 64.In my opinion, the problem has happened for two reasons. are In my opinion, there are two reasons why /that this problem has happened. 65.I cant believe nobody saw him. must Surely he must have been seen by somebody. 66.Youre going too fast for me. keep I .cant (cannot) keep up with you. 67.The school caretaker locked up the school so that vandals couldnt get in. prevent The school caretaker locked up the school to prevent vandals from getting in. 68.Alans children are never invited to parties because of their bad behaviour. that Alans children behave so badly that they are never invited to parties. 69.Older people often have difficulty working with computers. Adj + (for)+ to-inf. So and such Verbs + prep To prevent from Prep.+ ing Past modals Passive. Phrasal verbs To keep up with sth/ sb. Mind the spelling of cannot = 1 word. Stucture after reason: Reason can be followed by why or that Swan:470

difficult Its often difficult for older people to work with computers. 70.You wont get anywhere if you shout at him. use Its no use shouting at him. 71.The children spent the whole afternoon watching television. but The children did nothing but watch television the whole afternoon 72.The association has postponed the event until October. off The event has been put off until October. 73.Almodovar has been very successful with his film Talk to her. lot Almodovar has had a lot of success with his film Talk to her 74.You probably wont have any difficulty passing your oral exam. doubt Structure after Doubt Voc. Expressions: To have success Voc.: Expressions: Swan: 116 Nothing / not anything but We use but to mean except after all, none, every, + inf. any, no, everybody, nothing, nobody, anywhere etc. He eats nothing but hamburgers. Ive finished all the jobs but one Shes done nothing but cry all day. Phrasal verbs To put off Passive Expressions + ing Its no use

I doubt (whether/if/that) you will have any difficulty passing your oral exam. 75.The danger is that this building will collapse suddenly. Voc. Expressions: danger To be in danger of

The building is in danger of collapsing suddenly. 76. She said she really wanted to help me to paint my bike. insisted She insisted on helping me to paint my bike. 77.The younger generation used to show respect for the older generation. up The older generation used to be looked up to by the younger generation 78. I havent gone to the cinema for many years. Ages Its ages since I went to the cinema. 79.When did the committee decide to fire the workers? he asked . wondered He wondered when they had decided to fire the workers. 80.Im sure I put my keys on the table when I came back from school. remember I remember putting my keys on the table when I came back from school.

Preps +-ing Verbs + prep. To insist on sth. Preps + -ing Phrasal verbs: To look up to

Past tenses :Its ages + S. Past/ For and since

Murphy: Unit 12C Its (a long time/ two years etc.) since something happened. Its ages since we went to the cinema. How long is it since you last saw Joe?

Reported Speech Reported questions

Verb patterns: Verbs +ing/ to-inf (remember, forget, try, stop,)

Murphy: Unit 55, 56

81.When should we collect the books we ordered last week? supposed

Passive: To be supposed

Phrasal verbs: to pick up When are we supposed to pick up the books we ordered last week. 82. English was my favourite subject at school. Liked English was the subject I liked most at school. 83.Getting away for some days would be good for you. get It would do you good to get away for some 84.I suggest that you allow her to phone her parents. let Why dont you let her phone her parents. 85.Walter complained about the way he was spoken to. a Walter made a complaint about the way he was spoken to, 86.I dont see why I should tolerate the way they treat me. put Why should I put up with the way they treat me. 87.In spite of the expense, the train is still the best way to travel. even The train is still the best way to travel, even though it is expensive. 88.He invented an illness in order to avoid having to go to school. so In spite of/ despite/although/ even though Phrasal verbs: To put up with Comparison Wordorder Voc. Expressions: To do someone good. Functions: Suggestions: Why dont you? Let + inf. Voc.: Expressions: to complain=to make a complaint.

Purpose: In order to/ so as to

So as to/ so as not to express purpose They left immediately so as to catch the bus.

Cook the food over a gentle heat so as not to burn it He invented an illness so as not to have to go to school. 89.A member of the family can collect your certificate. have You can have your certificate collected by a member of the family. 90. If the trousers hadnt been so expensive, Jenny would have bought them. such They were such expensive shoes (that) Jenny didnt buy them. 91.Ive never seen anyone play so skilfully before. much Ive never seen anyone play with so much skill before. 92.Its likely that my parents havent heard the news yet. unlikely My parents are unlikely to have heard the news yet. 93. I was surprised to discover that Lucy and Michael were husband and wife. turned To my surprise it turned out that Lucy and Michael were husband and wife 94. The teacher advised the children not to talk so much. would I wish you wouldnt (not) talk so much, the teacher said to the children. Voc: expressions. To my surprise Phrasal verbs: To turn out Wishes: Wish + would Murphy: Unit 40 (Un)likely + to-inf Murphy:64E Comparison. So/such

95. He never listens to his parents advice. attention He never pays attention to his parents advice. 96.Its important that we consider everyones opinions before Voc.Expressions deciding. To take sth into into consideration/ account Everyones opinions must be taken into consideration/account before deciding 97.He seems not to care about anything. matters He acts as if/ as though nothing matters to him. Passive modals As if/ as though

98.I dont want you to disturb Bill while he is working.rather I would rather you didnt (not) disturb Bill while he is working. 99.If I could work in the media, thats what I would like to do. opportunity If I had the/ an opportunity to do so, I would like to work in the media. 9.This is the funniest book I have ever read. as I have never read as funny a book as this one before.

would rather

Voc.Expressions: To have an opportunity + to-inf Comparisons: as-as This is a structure used in formal style. Normally adjectives go after the article a/an. E.g. A beautiful voice. But after as/so/too/ that meaning so adjectives go before a/an I have as good a voice as you Shes too polite a person to refuse. I couldnt afford that big a car (Swan 12)