U N I T 2 . 3

REVOLUTIONARY WAR

CHANGES IN GOV’T DURING WAR

• Most States changed their Constitutions and Laws during the war.

• These changes provided many of the American ideals of the US• Abolition of Aristocratic Titles• Cut financial support to Anglican Church (Separation of

C&S)• List of Rights• Separation of Powers into 3 branches• Extension of voting to white males who owned property

WOMEN DURING THE WAR

• Camp Followers – women who moved with army• “Molly Pitcher” – story of woman who took the

place of her husband in battle. How much is true?• Maintained colonial economy and provided for

army much of the supplies

ADVANTAGES OF THE BRITISH

• Military – Established Army and Navy• What soldiers did the Continentals have?• But, what leaders were set to the colonies?

• Central Government • What type of government did the Continentals have?

• Financial• Britain had more supplies and hired mercenaries

• Help of Loyalists, Native Americans

ADVANTAGES OF THE COLONIES

• Cause – Independence• Home Ground• Communication

• Possibility of help from other countries• Leaders• Diplomatic – Ben Franklin• Military – Washington as right man for the job

• Did not have to win in order to win. ????

PHASE I OF WAR – NEW ENGLAND

• Lexington and Concord (April 1775) – first shots• Ft. Ticonderoga – Ethan Allen

and the Green Mountain Boys get cannons• Bunker Hill – June 1775

(outside of Boston)• Highest Casualties of Britain in

entire war• Britain would win battle, but gave

Americans hope. Why?• Where was it actually fought?

• Failed invasion of Canada

PHASE II OF WAR – MID-ATLANTIC• After Bunker Hill, British move from Boston to New York• Washington put in charge. Why?• Battle for New York (Summer and Fall 1776)• Long Island, Brooklyn Heights (British Gen. Howe)• British used Hessians (German mercenaries)• What was Washington’s plan?

• Battles of Trenton (12/25/76) and Princeton (12/31/76)• How did Washington manage these victories?• Even if they were really small, why important?

VALLEY FORGE CAMP

• Winter of 1776-77 camp outside of Philadelphia• What is the story?

Truths?• Why important?• Smallpox in camp

• Friedrich Von Stueben• From Prussia• “Drillmaster”• Why did he join?

• What made up most of the Continental Army?

TURNING POINT OF WAR

• Saratoga (Oct. 1777)• American Generals Horatio Gates and Benedict Arnold• NOT WASHINGTON!!• What would Arnold be more known for in History?

• Most important effect –• Treaty of Alliance (1778) between France and

the United States (aka Franco-American Alliance)

PHASE III OF WAR - SOUTH

• Britain shift focus on the south in 1778. Why?• Savannah, Charles Town

captured.• Continentals lose Battle of

Camden, but after losing, Gen. Nathanael Greene in charge.• Tactics different in Countryside

fighting• Francis Marion (“Swamp Fox”)• Daniel Morgan – how did he fight?• How did the Scotch-Irish and Welsh

make a difference?

YORKTOWN

• Battle of Yorktown (Oct. 1781)• Washington, Greene, Lafayette

and Rochambeau combine• Charles Cornwallis – British

General• How did Washington win this

battle?• How was it different than all

the others?• How did a woman in NY make

a difference in this battle?

MISC. REVOLUTIONARY WAR

• Marquis de Lafayette – How did he help?• John Paul Jones – USS Bonhomme Richard v.

Serpis• Rifles – Kentucky Rifles, Morgan’s Rifles• “Not worth a Continental” – American money• Why is Washington considered a great general

when he lost most of his battles?

TREATY OF PARIS 1783

• We declared Independence in 1776, but this truly made us an independent country when Britain signed it.• Why did we get the Ohio River

Valley and not France?• What happened with Florida?

Why?

REFLECTION QUESTIONS

• How has history changed some of the true stories with the revolution and how?• Why was the Battle of Saratoga the most

important battle for the Americans?• How was George Washington a good general

when he lost so many battles?• How did the advantages of the Americans

actually lead them to victory in the war?

LINKS

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=du8ultITS5A&list=UUZYs757tACChkS-vjS1m66Q&index=1&feature=plcp – Review Video• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y6ikO6LMxF4 –

School House Rock• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Ke2O2Aq36M

– APUSH class project• http://

www.gilderlehrman.org/history-by-era/american-revolution-1763-1783 - timeline