Revisions of the Basic Education Curriculum

Philippine Education Curriculum

• Department of Education Culture and Sports (DECS)

• Presidential Commission to Study Philippine Education 1970 (PCSPE)

• Survey of the Outcomes of Elementary Education 1975 (SOUTELE)

• Experimental Elementary Education Program 1978 (EEEP)

• 3R’s

• Elementary school curriculum was overloaded starting from Grade One.

The National Elementary School Curriculum (NESC) 1983-2002

•PROCEED - Program for Comprehensive Elementary Education

•PRODED – Program for Decentralized Educational Development

• With assistance from World Bank, PRODED encompassed several reforms measures to improve elementary education.

• NESC was developed

The National Elementary School Curriculum (NESC) 1983-2002• The NESC was considered the first research based curriculum in the country.

• Grades 1-3 > Filipino, English, Mathematics, Civics, and Culture

• Grade 3 > Science and Health was added

• Grades 1-2 > Music, Arts, and Physical Education were integrated

• Grades 3 & up > MAPEH became a separated subject

• The contact time for each subject was increased, thus giving both the teachers and students more time to develop the basic skills of literacy, numeracy, and also values.

• Grades 4 & up > Home economics and Livelihood Education were added with Geography, History, Civics as for continuation of Civics and Culture.

The National Elementary School Curriculum (NESC) 1983-2002

• In a series of consultations, seminars and workshops, the curriculum experts identified the different contents, skills and values that needed to be learned by our elementary students. They called these competencies.

• Minimum Learning Competencies (MLC)

• Mastery Learning was emphasized in the NESC

• A child must be able to acquire the required competencies with at least 75 % mastery.

• In other words, a child must be able to answer at least seven (7) out of ten questions in a formative test.

The New Secondary Education Curriculum (NSEC) 1991-2002

• Bureau of Secondary Education (BSE) implemented the NSEC in the schools.

• The NSEC included the following learning areas to be taught for 400 minutes daily from First Year to Fourth Year:

• Values Education Araling Panlipunan• Filipino Science and Technology • English Physical Education, Health and Music • Mathematics Technology and Home Economics

Evaluation of the NESC and NSEC

• Curriculum development is a never-ending process.

• The formal review of the NESC and NSEC was started during the incumbency of Secretary Andrew Gonzales (1998-2001) and continued during the incumbency of Secretary Raul S. Roco (2001–2003)

• Committee on Curriculum Reform was formed with the participation of officials from the academe, the private sector and civil society

• The Committee on Curricular Reform came out with the 2002 Basic Education Curriculum (BEC), which had to undergo a national pilot test in SY 2002.

• According to Sec. of Education Raul Roco, the 2002 BEC was based on a 16-year study (starting in 1986).

• Implementation of RBEC was based on Executive Order No. 46, which in turn was based on the recommendations of the Philippine Commission on Educational Reforms (PCER), created on Dec. 7, 1998.

• “The restricting of the curriculum is part of an ongoing effort to improve the quality of learning. We are focusing on the basics of improving literacy and numeracy while inculcating values across learning areas to make it dynamic.” (Raul Rococo)

• The 2002 BEC is a restricting and not a sweeping change of the elementary and secondary curricula (NESC & NSEC)

• The implementation of the 2002 Basic Education Curriculum was announced in DepEd Order No. 25, s. 2002, issued on June 17, 2002.

• The actual implementing guidelines were found in DepEdOrder No. 43, s. 2002, dated Aug. 29, 2002.

• Less than a year later (on June 12, 2002), a new curriculum (the Revised BEC) was signed into law.

Revised Basic Education Curriculum (RBEC 2002-2010)

• The objectives of elementary and secondary education serve as the “official learning goals” of basic education as stated for a particular population of learners; that is, the elementary and secondary education learners.

• The Bureau of Alternative Learning System (formerly Non-formal Education) likewise has a set of official learning goals for its particular set of target learners – the out-of-school youth and adults.

• The Education Act of 1982 or Batas Pambansa Blg. 232 provides the general objectives of elementary, secondary, and non-formal education.

BEC 2002/ RBEC 2002

The objectives of elementary education are as follows:

1. Provide the knowledge and develop the skills, attitudes, and values essential

for personal development, a productive life, and constructive engagement with

a changing social milieu;

2. Provide learning experiences that increase the child’s awareness of and

responsiveness to the just demands of society;

3. Promote and intensify awareness of, identification with, and love for our nation

and the community to which the learner belongs;

4. Promote experiences that develop the learner’s orientation to the world of

work and prepare the learner to engage in honest and gainful work.

BEC 2002/ RBEC 2002

The objectives of secondary education are threefold:

1. Continue the general education started in elementary.

2. Prepare the learners for college.

3. Prepare the learners for the world of work.

BEC 2002/ RBEC 2002

The objectives of non-formal education are as follows:

1. Eradicate illiteracy and raise the level of functional literacy of the population;

2. Provide an alternative means of learning and certification for out-of-school

youth and adults;

3. Develop among the learners the proper values, attitudes, and knowledge to

enable them to think critically and act creatively for personal, community, and

national development.

To operationalize the official learning goals, the BEC, was organized into four

(4) learning areas, considered as the core or tool subjects and one (1) non–core

subject.

Features of 2002 BEC/ RBEC

• Greater emphasis on helping every learner become a successful reader.

• Emphasis on interactive/ collaborative learning approaches.

• Emphasis on the use of integrative learning approaches.

• Teaching of values in all learning areas.

• Development of self-reliant and patriotic citizens.

• Development of creative and critical thinking skills.

Curriculum Structure of 2002 BEC/ RBEC

The Core Subjects: Filipino, English, Math, Science (Science and Health for Elementary); (Science and Technology for Secondary)

The Experiential Area:

• Makabayan: Araling Panlipunan

• MAPEH (Music, Arts, PE, and Health)

• TLE

• Edukasyon sa Pagpapahalaga (the practice for environment for holistic learning to develop a healthy personal and national self-identity)

Curriculum Structure of 2002 BEC/ RBEC

Medium of Instruction: Pursuant to the DepEd Bilingual Policy (DepEd Order No. 52, s, 1987), the medium of instruction shall be as follows:

For Elementary Education:

>Filipino shall be used in the following areas: Filipino; Makabayan

>English shall be used in the following learning areas: English; Science; Mathematics

For Secondary Education:

>English: Mathematics; Science and Technology; English; Technology and Livelihood Education; MAPEH; CAT

>Filipino: Edukasyon sa Pagpapahalaga (Values Education) Araling Panlipunan, Filipino

RBEC Time Allotment Elementary School Curriculum

RBEC Time Allotment Secondary School Curriculum

RBEC Secondary School Curriculum

Secondary Education Curriculum-Understanding by Design Model 2010

The refinement of the curriculum followed the Understanding by Design (UbD) model developed by Jay Mctighe and Grant Wiggins. The curriculum design has the following elements:

Stage 1Identify Desired

Results

Stage 2Determine Acceptable Evidence/ Assessment

Stage 3Plan Learning

Experiences and Instructions

Strengths

Stage 1- Identify Desired Results

• It is the identification of achievable goals for students

A. Results/Desired Outcomes

This stage define what students should be able to know and do at the end of the program, course, or unit or study generally expressed in terms of overall goals, specifically defined terms of content and performance standard.

A.1 Content Standards

Specify the essential knowledge (includes the most important and enduring ideas, issues, principles and concept from the disciplines), skills and habit of mind that should be taught and learned. They answer the question, “What should students know and be able to do?”

A. 2 Performance Standards

Express the degree or quality or proficiency that students are expected to demonstrate in relation to the content standards. They answer the question, “How well must students do their work?” or “At what level of performance would the student be appropriately qualified or certified?”

B. Essential Understanding

These are the big and enduring ideas at the heart of the discipline and which we want the children to remember even lone after they leave school.


C. Essential Questions

These are open-ended provocative questions that spark thinking and further inquiry into the essential meanings and understandings.

D. Curriculum Objectives

Objectives which are expressed in terms of knowledge and skills that teachers can use as guide in formulating their own classroom objectives.


Stage 2- Determine Acceptable Evidence/ Assessment

A. Assessment

Defines acceptable evidence of student’s attainment of desired results, determines authentic performance tasks that the students is expected to do to demonstrate the desired understanding and defines the criteria against which the student’s performances or products shall be judged.

B. Products and Performances

Evidence of the students’ learning and a demonstration of their conceptual understanding and content and skill acquisition.

Stage 3- Plan Learning Experiences and Instructions

A. Learning Plan

Details the instructional activities that the students will go through to attain the standards.

A.1 Instructional Activities

Activities which are aligned with the standard and are designed to promote attainment of desired results.

Features of the Curriculum

• Lean-focuses on the essential understandings

• Set high expectations

• Rich and challenging

• Develops readiness and passion for work and lifelong learning.

Strengths of SEC 2010

1. Lean. It focuses on essential understandings.

2. Sets high expectations (standard-based). Expressed in terms of what students should know and the quality of the skills that they are expected to demonstrate as evidence of learning.

3. Rich and Challenging. It provides a personalized approach to developing the students’ multiple intelligences

4. Develops readiness and passion for work and lifelong learning

Enhanced Basic Education Curriculum (K to 12

“Naninindigan pa rin po tayo sa ipinangako nating pagbabago saedukasyon: ang gawin itong sentral na estratehiya sapamumunuhans a pinakamahalaga natin yaman: angmamamayang Pilipino. Sa K to 12, tiwala tayong mabibigyang-lakas si Juan Dela Cruz upang mapaunlad- hindi lamang angkanyang sarili at pamilya- kundi maging ang buong bansa.”

-Pangulong Benigno S. Aquino III

WHAT IS THE K TO 12 PROGRAM?


The K to 12 Program covers Kindergarten and 12 years of basic education (six years of primary education, four years of Junior High School, and two years of Senior High School [SHS]) to provide sufficient time for mastery of concepts and skills, develop lifelong learners, and prepare graduates for tertiary education, middle-level skills development, employment, and entrepreneurship.

K-12 Vision

Filipino graduates envisioned:

• Possess sufficient mastery of basic competencies (e.g., literacy, numeracy, problem solving, etc.) to develop themselves to the fullest.

• Be emotionally developed and competent to live a meaningful life;

• Be socially aware, pro-active, and involved in public and civic affairs and contribute to the development of a progressive , just and humane society;

• Be adequately prepared for the world of work or entrepreneurship or higher education;

• Be legally employable; and

• Be globally competitive

K-12 Vision

In addition, they are characterized graduates who:

• Possess healthy mind and body;

• Have a solid moral and spiritual grounding;

• Appreciate and care for humanity, the world, and environment; and

• Are proud to be a Filipino

K-12 Significant Changes

K-12 Comparison to Old Curriculum

K-12 SALIENT FEATURES

• It focuses on the holistic development of the learner.

• It is outcome-based as it prepares learners for:

1) Higher education,

2) Middle level skills,

3) Employment, and

4) Entrepreneurship

• It is anchored on the principles of:

1) Inclusive education

2) Learners’ growth and development

3) Teaching and Learning, and

4) Assessment

K-12 SALIENT FEATURES

K-12 Desired Outcomes

Content Standards are what the students should know (facts and information), what they do (process or skills), and what understanding they construct as they process the information. The students are expected not only to understand but also to demonstrate what they learn, thus provide evidence of learning.

Performance Standards are what students door how they use their learning and understanding. The students are expected to produce products and/ or performances to prove that they can apply what they learn in real-life situations.

K-12 Significant Changes in the Education Structure

K-12 Implementation Schedule

K-12 Key Changes in the Elementary Curriculum

K-12 Mother TongueTwelve major languages shall be offered as a learning area and utilizes as language of instruction starting school year 2012-2013. They are as follows:

Tagalog

Kapampangan

Pangasinense

Iloko

Bikol

Cebuano

Hiligaynon

Waray

Bahasa-‐sug

Maguindanaoan

Meranao

Chabacano

K-12 Mother Tongue

K-12 Time Allotment per Learning Area

K-12 Key Changes in the Secondary Education

K-12 Time Allotment in Secondary Level

K-12 The Learning Areas

These are the changes in the nomenclature of some subjects

• Edukasyong Pagapapahalaga for the secondary and EdukasyongPagkakatao for the elementary are now renamed Edukasyon saPagpapakatao.

• Science and Health is now called Science.

• Health is included in the MAPEH.

• Subjects that are integrated under MAKABAYAN (Araling Panlipunan, Values Education, MAPEH, and TLE) are now separate subjects

Revisions of the Basic Education Curriculum

Education

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