Review Questions Prelims.rtf

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Biochemistry Review Questions (Prelims)

Multiple Choice

Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. This amino acid composes the backbone of sphingosine

a

.

Serine c

.

Valine

b

.

Tryptophan d

.

Isoleucine

____ 2. Cis isomerism refers to

a

.

Acyl groups on the same side of the

bond

c

.

Acyl groups on the opposite side of the

bond b

.

Branching acyl groups d

.

Unbranched acyl groups

____ 3. One of these is a monounsaturated fatty acid

a

.

Oleic acid c

.

Alpha-linolenic acid

b

.

Palmitic acid d

.

Linoleic acid

____ 4. Respiratory stress syndrome is a newborn disease caused by a deficiency of lung surfactant. What is its most

important component?

a

.

Dipalmitoyl phosphatidal choline c

.

Dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl glycerol

b

.

Dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl choline d

.

Dipalmitoyl phosphatidal glycerol

____ 5. The pathologenic property of PrPsc is conferred by its ability to

a

.

Damage cell organelles c

.

Convert normal PrP to the pathologic

isoform

b

.

Damage cell membranes d

.

Direct activation of the apoptotic

pathway

____ 6. The following statements are true regarding carbohydrates except:a.

Contains 4 kcal of energy per gram c.

Serves as an immediate source of energy

b

.

Has an aldehyde group d

.

Performs catalytic fuunctions

____ 7. An example of short chain fatty acid



a

.

Propanoic acid c

.

Myristic acid

b

.

Lauric acid d

.

Caprylic acid

____ 8. The following disaccharide(s) have a free hemiacetal end except:

a

.

Sucrose c

.

Lactose

b

.

Maltose d

.

More than one answer

____ 9. Anomers are:

a

.

Non - superimposable, non - mirror

image stereoisomers

c

.

Mirror - imaged stereoisomers

b

.

Sugars differing only in configuration

around one carbon

d

.

Isomeric forms of monosugars differing

from each other only in their

configuration at the hemiacetal carbon

____ 10. Technique(s) used to elucidate protein structures

a

.

X-ray crystallography c

.

PAG electrophoresis

b

.

both a and b d

.

NMR spectroscopy

____ 11. Val-Lys-Asp-Trp-Ser-Thr-Met-Ala....

a. Tertiary c. Primary

b

.

Secondary d

.

Quarternary

____ 12. Isoniazid, a drug used to treat tuberculosis, has a side effect of inhibiting this enzyme, resulting in the

improvement of mood

a

.

COMT c

.

MAO

b

.

Tyrosine hydroxylase d

.

Tyrosine deaminase

____ 13. The highest concentration of serotonin can be found in

a

.

Duodenum c

.

Pineal gland

b.

Hippocampus d.

hypothalamus



____ 14. Hereditary spherocytosis results from the defects in

a

.

Microtubules c

.

Mitochondrial abnormalities

b

.

Hexose monophosphate shunt d

.

ATP production

____ 15. Which of the following sugar(s), when in excess can be detected in urine using copper reduction method?

a

.

Galactose c

.

Glucose

b.

Xylose d.

All of the above

____ 16. Glycogenolysis in the liver will produce_________________as a final product

a

.

Free glucose c

.

Galactose

b

.

Glucose-6-phosphate d

.

Glucose-6-sulfate

____ 17. Synthesis of acetylcholine mainly takes place in the

a

.

Axon terminals c

.

Cytoplasm

b.

Axons d.

Telodendria

____ 18. Hemoglobin, the protein responsible for the transport of oxygen, contributes in the maintenance of the acid- base balance in the blood. What amino acid is responsible for its buffering capacity?

a

.

Glutamine c

.

Asparagine

b

.

Histidine d

.

Methionine

____ 19. Which among these procedures will destroy prions?

a

.

Boiling c

.

1N NaOH with autoclaving

b

.

10% bleach d

.

1N NaOH without autoclaving

____ 20. Glutamate, a powerful excitotoxin, cause neuronal death by

a

.

Influx of sodium ions c

.

Efflux of potassium ions

b

.

Influx of calcium ions d

.

Influx of potassium



____ 21. The following is(are) test(s) used to determine N terminals except

1. Sanger’s

2. Dansyl

3. Reaction with aminopeptidase

4. Hydrazinolysis5. Edman’s

a

.

3 only c

.

1, 2, 3, 4, 5

b

.

4 only d

.

2, 3, 4, 5

____ 22. A reaction between calcium hydroxide and palmitic acid will produce?

a. Calcium salt c. A soluble soap

b

.

An insoluble soap d

.


____ 23. The simplest form of carbohydrate is an:

a

.

Aldotetrose c

.

Aldopentose

b

.

Aldodiose d

.

Aldotriose

____ 24. Omega-3 refers to

a

.

3 carbon atoms from the COOH carbon

(C1)

c

.

3 double bonds

b

.

3 carbon atoms from the methyl carbon

(C1)

d

.

3 carbon atoms

____ 25. Abnormal synthesis of lamina A result(s) in these symptom(s)

a

.

Accelerated aging c

.

Chronic anemia

b

.

Increased cholesterol levels d

.

Malignant hyperthermia

____ 26. Forms a six-membered ring

a

.

Pyran c

.

Furan

b

.

Benzene d

.

Imidazole



____ 27. An alpha helix has_____residues per turn with a pitch of____and spacing of____per residue

a

.

3.6, 0.54nm, 0.15nm c

.

3.6, 0.54A, 0.15A

b

.

36, 5.4A, 1.5A d

.

5.6, 540nm, 150nm

____ 28. One or two of these is/are ketose(s)

a

.

Xylose c

.

Ribose

b

.

Fructose d

.

A and B

____ 29. Ascorbic acid, a cofactor required in the hydroxylation of proline during the formation of collagen is an

example of:a.

Uronic acid c.

Mucopolysaccharide

b

.

Aldonic acid d

.

Lactone

____ 30. True about triacylglycerol EXCEPT

a

.

Composed of three fatty acids attached

to glycerol

c

.

Neutral fats

b

.

Acidic in nature d

.


____ 31. If a chemical messenger did not satisfy the above criterion, it is called

a

.

Secondary messenger c

.

Both

b

.

Neuromodulator d

.

Neither

____ 32. Tyrosine, an aromatic amino acid, has the following pk values: pk 1 = 2.20, pk 2 = 9.11, pk r = 10.07. What is the

isoelectric point?

a

.

6.14 c

.

5.66

b

.

3.46 d

.

9.59

____ 33. Tyrosine is____________neurotransmitter

a

.

Metabolic c

.

Amino acid



b

.

Biogenic amine d

.

None of the above

____ 34. Inactivation of GABA occurs bya

.

Simple diffusion c

.

Neuronal reuptake

b

.

Active transport by astrocytes d

.

Enzymatic deactivation

____ 35. A person manifesting this(these) symptom(s) has a defect in the LDL receptors

a

.

Atherosclerosis c

.

Cholesterol = 900mg/dl

b

.

Xanthomas d

.


____ 36. Determines the primary structure of a proteina

.

Amino acid sequence c

.

Hydrogen bonding

b

.

Prosthetic groups d

.

Hydrophobic interactions

____ 37. The main function of the cell membrane is______

a

.

Allow the passage of certain chemicals c

.

Receptor for hormones

b

.

Separates the ICF from the ECF d

.

Forms attachment to other cells

____ 38. This eicosanoid has a pro inflammatory effect 1000X more potent than histamine

a

.

Prostacyclin c

.

Leukotrienes

b

.

Lipoxins d

.

Prostaglandin

____ 39. The property of the lipid bilayer that refers to both its hydrophilic and hydrophobic portions

a

.

Synergism c

.

Symmetrical

b

.

Amphibolic d

.

Amphipathic

____ 40. Paracetamol, an antipyretic drug is detoxified to a water - soluble substance that is excreted in the kidneys.

Where does the detoxification process occur?

a Rough ER of the hepatocytes c Smooth ER of kidneys



. .

b

.

Rough ER of kidneys d

.

Smooth ER of the hepatocytes

____ 41. Which of the following monosaccharide can reduce cupric ions?

a

.

Starch c

.

Lactose

b

.

Glucose d

.

Sucrose

____ 42. IgM, the immunoglobulin responsible for primary immune response, has 5 subunits. Therefore, IgM

molecules exhibit________structure

a

.

Tertiary c

.

Primary

b

.

Secondary d

.

Quarternary

____ 43. Which is NOT a function of the cell membrane proteins

a

.

Replicates DNA c

.

Act as immunogens

b

.

Functions in intracellular joining d

.

Forms ion channels

____ 44. HDL

1. Alpha lipoprotein

2. Reverse transport of cholesterol3. Carrier of good cholesterol

4. Contains the highest amount of phospholipid

5. Carrier of exogenous cholesterola

.

1, 2, 3, 4, 5 c

.

2 only

b

.

1, 2, 3, 4 d

.

3 only

____ 45. Procedure(s) that can be used to separate various proteins EXCEPT

a

.

Ion exchange chromatography c

.

Affinity chromatography

b

.

Polypeptide hydrolysis d

.

SDS-PAGE

____ 46. Criteria for identification of a substance as neurotransmitter 1. The substance must be present in the presynaptic nerve terminal



2. The substance must be released from the nerve terminal by the arrival of an action potential in a Ca

dependent manner

3. There must be specific receptors for the substance on the postsynaptic cell

4. Must mimic action of the natural neurotransmitter when applied exogenously

a

.

1 only c

.

1, 2, 3, 4

b

.

1, 2 d

.

1, 2, 3

____ 47. Synthesis of norepinephrine requires

1. Dopamine beta hydroxylase

2. Oxygen

3. Copper

4. Vitamin C

a

.

1, 2, 3 c

.

1 only

b

.

1, 2, 3, 4 d

.

1, 2

____ 48. A histopathologic picture showing florid plaques is characteristic of

a

.

Scrapie c

.

Kuru

b

.

Variant CJD d

.

Familial insomnia

____ 49. Which of the process does NOT occur in the mitochondria

1. Krebs’ TCA

2. Beta oxidation of fatty acids3. Oxidative phosphorylation

4. Heme synthesis

5. Urea formation

a

.

4 only c

.

All of the above

b

.

5 only d

.

None of the above

____ 50. Cholesterol, a precursor of sex hormones has______carbons in the side chain.

a

.

20 c

.

8-10

b

.

2-3 d

.

5

____ 51. Refers to the process that occur after a chemical messenger binds to a receptor



a

.

Signal transmission c

.

Action potential

b

.

Signal transduction d

.

Signal transcription

____ 52. Enzyme(s) that is(are) involved in protein folding

a

.

Protein disulfide isomerase c

.

Both

b

.

Peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerase d

.

Neither

____ 53. The following describes carbohydrates except:

a

.

Compounds that contain aldehyde or

ketone group and an alcohol group

c

.

Polyhydroxy aldehydes

b

.

Polyhydroxy ketones d

.

long chain aliphatic compounds

____ 54. Function of a neurotransmitter

a

.

Excite another neuron across the synapse c

.

Both

b

.

Inhibit another neuron across the synapse d

.

Neither

____ 55. A compund used to visualize amino acids

a

.

Eosin c

.

Biuret reagent

b

.

Ninhydrin d

.

Sodium nitroprusside

____ 56. The following amino acids are not aromatic except

a

.

Tyrosine c

.

Aspartic acid

b

.

Lysine d

.

Glycine

____ 57. Important in signal transductiona

.

Lipositol c

.

Cardiolipin

b

.

Phosphatidal ethanolamine d

.

Cephalin

____ 58. Polysaccharide found in starch that is composed of repeating units of glucose dimers in alpha 1,6 linkage



a

.

Amylodextrin c

.

Glycogen

b

.

Amylopectin d

.

Amylose

____ 59. ABO antigens are formed by attaching sugars to proteins. Where does the process takes place?

a

.

Golgi apparatus c

.

Nucleus

b

.

Rough ER d

.

Smooth ER

____ 60. Cellulose, a major structural polysaccharide in plants is composed of

a

.

Polymers of glucose in beta`1,4 linkage c

.

Polymers of coniferyl alcohol

b

.

Polymers of glucose in alpha 1,4 linkage d

.

Polymers of xylose in beta 1,4 linkage

____ 61. Cannot be hydrolyzed to simpler forms

a

.

Trisaccharides c

.

Monosaccharides

b

.

Polysaccharides d

.

Oligosaccharides

____ 62. The entire process of protein synthesis is located at_________

1. Ribosomes

2. Rough ER 3. Smooth ER

4. Cytoplasm

5. Plasmalemma6. Nucleus

a

.

1 only c

.

1,2

b

.

1,2,3,4 d

.

1,2,4,6

____ 63. ADP is a_____________neurotransmitter

a.

Amino acid c.

Neuropeptide

b

.

Metabolic d

.

Biogenic amine

____ 64. Muscarine, toxin derived from the poisonous mushroom Amanita muscaria produces __________ effects

after injection

a Parasympatholytic c Sympatholytic



. .

b

.

Sympathomimetic d

.

Parasympathomimetic

____ 65. Polysaccharide composition of starch that forms linear polymer of D-glucose

a

.

Amylopectin c

.

All of the above

b

.

Amylose d

.

None of the above

____ 66. Which of the following is not an aldose?

a

.

Glyceraldehyde c

.

Fructose

b

.

Dihydroxyacetone d

.


____ 67. A fatty acid that is solid at 25oC will have this characteristics

a

.

Short chain fatty acid c

.

Limited solubility in water

b

.

Long chain with no double bonds d

.

3 double bonds

____ 68. State of passivity caused by CNS pathologies

a

.

Incontinence c

.

Bradykinesia

b. Akinetic mutism d. Dysarthria

____ 69. Common to all amino acids

1. All contain aromatic side chains2. All contain the carboxyl group

3. Positive in biuret test

4. All are organic compounds

5. All contain the amino group6. Can form zwitterions

a

.

2, 4, 5, 6 c

.

1, 2, 3, 4

b

.

2, 3, 4, 5 d

.

2 and 3

____ 70. Refers to the carbon in which four different groups are attached



a

.

Symmetrical c

.

Isomer

b

.

Chiral d

.

Anomer

____ 71. The ABO antigens are composed of

a

.

Monosaccharide c

.

Oligosaccharide chain

b

.

Mucopolysaccharide d

.

Peptidoglycan

____ 72. NOT required in the synthesis of catecholamines except

a

.

Zinc c

.

Tetrahydrobiopterin

b

.

Calcium d

.

Magnesium

____ 73. First described prion disease occurs in_______________.

a

.

Sheep c

.

Pig

b

.

Goats d

.

Cattle

____ 74. Metabolic process occuring in the nucleolus

a

.

Synthesis of proteins c

.

Synthesis of tRNA

b

.

Synthesis of nuclear DNA d

.

Synthesis of rRNA

____ 75. Between palmitic and oleic acid, which will have a higher iodine number

a

.

Oleic c

.

Palmitic

b

.

Both will have high iodine number d

.

Both will have low iodine number

____ 76. The higher the saponification number a

.

The lower the molecular weight c

.

The higher the molecular weight

b

.

The lesser the double bonds d

.

The more double bonds

____ 77. MRI picture of vCJD includes



a

.

Characteristic pulvinar sign c

.

Cortical atrophy

b

.

Sever inflammation of the brain d

.

Florid plaques

____ 78. The late symptom(s) of vCJD

1. Limb pain

2. Dizziness

3. Dysarthria

4. Hallucination

a

.

1, 2, 3, 4 c

.

3, 4

b

.

1, 2 d

.

2, 3, 4

____ 79. Cleaves off peptide bonds whose carbonyl function is contributed by lysine and arginine

a.

Carboxypeptidase c.

Chymotrypsin

b

.

Papain d

.

Trypsin

____ 80. Accumulation of galactosylceramide results in

a

.

Zellweger’s syndrome c

.

Luft’s syndrome

b

.

Krabbe’s disease d

.

Niemann-Pick disease

____ 81. Galactocerebroside-3-sulfate is a major sulfolipid in the brain. Defective metabolism leads to its accumulation

in the brain that results in this disease.a

.

Fabry’s c

.

Gaucher’s

b

.

Krabbe’s d

.

Metachromatic leukodystrophy

____ 82. One of these is a catabolic process

a

.

Conversion of purines to uric acid c

.

Formation of steroids from cholesterol

b

.

Production of ammonia from amino

acids

d

.

Protein synthesis

____ 83. The presence of a proline in the alpha helix will result ina

.

Stabilization of the helix c

.

No effect

b Cross-linking with another alpha helix d Termination of the helix



. .

____ 84. Transmission of vCJD can occur in these activities except in______________________.

a.

Administration of human derived growthhormone

c.

Receiving blood transfusion

b

.

Sexual intercourse d

.

Eating contaminated meat

____ 85. Deficiency of the enzyme that metabolizes________________results in Krabbe’s disease.

a

.

Glucosylceramide c

.

Galactocerebroside-3-SO4

b

.

Galactosylceramide d

.

Lactosylceramide

____ 86. Substance P is a_____________ a.

Metabolic c.

Biogenic amine

b

.

Neuropeptide d

.

Amino acid

____ 87. Polymerization of amino acids forms polypeptide chains linked by peptide bonds. The test that is used to

detect those bonds is called

a

.

Biuret c

.

Copper reduction

b

.

Bromthymol blue d

.

Ninhydrin

____ 88. Alcohol-soluble proteins

a

.

Protamine c

.

Glutelins

b

.

Albuminoids d

.

Prolamine

____ 89. Nitric oxide is classified as

a

.

Neuropeptides c

.

Amino acid

b

.

Biogenic amines d

.

None of the above

____ 90. During the formation of triacylglycerol, a hydroxyl group from glycerol reacts with the carboxyl group of the

fatty acid. The reaction is refered to as________.

a Saponification c Hydrogenation



. .

b

.

Esterification d

.


____ 91. Rancidification

a

.

Oxidation of the double bonds resulting

in the formation of short chain fatty acid

alcohol.

c

.



aldehyde.

b

.



amines

d

.


in the formation of short chain fatty acids

____ 92. Serves as a receptor for hyaluronic acid

a

.

CD53 c

.

CD44

b

.

CD52 d

.

CD34

____ 93. Hemiacetal refers to:

a

.

Cyclic form of sugar resulting from the

interaction of C2 and C6

c

.



b

.



d

.



____ 94. What is the function of the normal PrP?

a. Cell-to-cell adhesion and intracellular signaling c. Receptor of neurotransmitters

b

.

Ion channel d

.

Gap junction

____ 95. When a neurotransmitter binds to a receptor that opens calcium channels, it’s effect is

a

.

Depolarization c

.

Inhibitory

b

.

Repolarization d

.

Hyperpolarization

____ 96. Final acceptor of electrons in ATP synthesis

a

.

Nitrogen c

.

Iron

b

.

Hydrogen d

.

Oxygen



____ 97. The normal prion protein is encoded by a gene at chromosome____________.

a

.

11 c

.

Y

b

.

X d

.

20

____ 98. GABA, a well known inhibitory neurotransmitter opens_____channels, causing_________.

a

.

Chloride, hyperpolarization c

.

Sodium, depolarization

b

.

Chloride, depolarization d

.

Sodium, hyperpolarization

____ 99. The following does NOT occur(s) in protein denaturaion

a

.

Crystallization c

.

Coagulation

b

.

Precipitaion d

.

Loss of function

____ 100. GABA is_____________

a

.

Metabolic c

.

Neuropeptide

b

.

Biogenic amine d

.

Amino acid



Biochemistry Review Questions (Prelims)

Answer Section

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. ANS: A PTS: 1

2. ANS: A PTS: 1

3. ANS: A PTS: 1

4. ANS: B PTS: 1

5. ANS: C PTS: 1

6. ANS: D PTS: 1

7. ANS: A PTS: 1

8. ANS: A PTS: 1

9. ANS: D PTS: 1

10. ANS: B PTS: 1

11. ANS: C PTS: 1

12. ANS: C PTS: 1

13. ANS: C PTS: 1

14. ANS: A PTS: 1

15. ANS: D PTS: 1

16. ANS: A PTS: 1

17. ANS: A PTS: 1

18. ANS: B PTS: 1

19. ANS: C PTS: 1

20. ANS: B PTS: 1

21. ANS: B PTS: 1

22. ANS: D PTS: 1



23. ANS: D PTS: 1

24. ANS: B PTS: 1

25. ANS: A PTS: 1

26. ANS: A PTS: 1

27. ANS: A PTS: 1

28. ANS: B PTS: 1

29. ANS: D PTS: 1

30. ANS: B PTS: 1

31. ANS: B PTS: 1

32. ANS: C PTS: 1

33. ANS: D PTS: 1

34. ANS: B PTS: 1

35. ANS: D PTS: 1

36. ANS: A PTS: 1

37. ANS: B PTS: 1

38. ANS: C PTS: 1

39. ANS: D PTS: 1

40. ANS: D PTS: 1

41. ANS: B PTS: 1

42. ANS: D PTS: 1

43. ANS: A PTS: 1

44. ANS: B PTS: 1

45. ANS: B PTS: 1

46. ANS: C PTS: 1



47. ANS: B PTS: 1

48. ANS: B PTS: 1

49. ANS: D PTS: 1

50. ANS: C PTS: 1

51. ANS: B PTS: 1

52. ANS: C PTS: 1

53. ANS: D PTS: 1

54. ANS: C PTS: 1

55. ANS: B PTS: 1

56. ANS: A PTS: 1

57. ANS: A PTS: 1

58. ANS: B PTS: 1

59. ANS: A PTS: 1

60. ANS: A PTS: 1

61. ANS: C PTS: 1

62. ANS: D PTS: 1

63. ANS: B PTS: 1

64. ANS: D PTS: 1

65. ANS: B PTS: 1

66. ANS: D PTS: 1

67. ANS: B PTS: 1

68. ANS: B PTS: 1

69. ANS: A PTS: 1

70. ANS: B PTS: 1



71. ANS: C PTS: 1

72. ANS: C PTS: 1

73. ANS: A PTS: 1

74. ANS: D PTS: 1

75. ANS: A PTS: 1

76. ANS: A PTS: 1

77. ANS: A PTS: 1

78. ANS: C PTS: 1

79. ANS: D PTS: 1

80. ANS: B PTS: 1

81. ANS: D PTS: 1

82. ANS: A PTS: 1

83. ANS: D PTS: 1

84. ANS: B PTS: 1

85. ANS: B PTS: 1

86. ANS: B PTS: 1

87. ANS: A PTS: 1

88. ANS: D PTS: 1

89. ANS: D PTS: 1

90. ANS: B PTS: 1

91. ANS: C PTS: 1

92. ANS: C PTS: 1

93. ANS: C PTS: 1

94. ANS: A PTS: 1



95. ANS: A PTS: 1

96. ANS: D PTS: 1

97. ANS: D PTS: 1

98. ANS: A PTS: 1

99. ANS: A PTS: 1

100. ANS: D PTS: 1

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