Review:

Old Regime

Privileged vs. Non Privileged3 EstatesMonarchs have absolute power

Reasons for the French Revolution

Enlightenment ideas

3rd Estate over taxedDebt and wasteful spending by the privilegedStarvationAmerican Revolution success

What can you infer about life in France during the French Revolution? #1Citizens were arrested for crimes such as “crimes against liberty”. What do you think that might entail? Do you think citizens with differing political views were safe? Is this type of life better or worse than life under a king?

By the way, the French last used the guillotine for an execution in 1977.

Warm-Up Discussion

Lesson Frame: Objectives

We will explain the impact of Napoleon Bonaparte and the Napoleonic Wars on Europe and Latin America.

I will describe and analyze the impact of Napoleon on either Europe or Latin America by choosing the greatest long-term impact of Napoleon and writing a paragraph defending my choice.

Napoleon

A New Leader for a New World

Reign of Terror

1792 a radical group called the Jacobins came into power, they were the artisan, laborers, and small shopkeepers that felt sold out by the middle class.They wanted a new republic and a new constitution and would murder anyone who opposed them

The Jacobins were lead by a man named Maximilian Robespierre

Reign of Terror

The industrial revolution changed more than just commerce. The French used a new invention called the “Guillotine” that made capital punishment quick and easy! This was necessary since the French government executed between 15,000 and 40,000 of its own citizens in a one year time period called the Reign of Terror during the French Revolution.

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The Need for Order in France

The violent and frenzied French Revolution caused political and economic hardships due to the inability of leaders to maintain order and a sustainable government. This climate created an opportunity for an outsider and military genius from Corsica , Napoleon Bonaparte, to claim the French throne and found an empire.

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Napoleon Bonaparte

Child of lesser nobility, and had an unhappy childhoodAttended an all girls school then later a military school

Military Career

Recognized for his success against the Italian and Parisian mobsBecame famous after his victory over the British in Egypt (remember that the French hate the British)

Discussion

In this painting, Napoleon is pictured staring at the Sphinx in Egypt. As a young commander, he fought many battles in the Middle East including a famous battle by the pyramids in Egypt. Thinking back on our study of the importance of India to the British, what about Egypt, other than the Sphinx, might Napoleon desire to have? Why?

Stop and answer Read Along #1

Napoleonic Era

• After the Reign of Terror a new government was formed headed by 5 men that was called the Directory (it was not stable Napoleon was 1 of the 5)

• Napoleon declared himself Frist Consul and got rid of the Directory

• 1803 sold the Louisiana Purchase which helped staple the economy for France. (Manifest Destiny for USA)

• 1804 He got the people to declare him Emperor

The Emperor’s New Clothes

Napoleon’s sense of self-importance and narcissism grew once he was named emperor. He carried himself as the modern-day Ceasar of France. 1800 years later, another troubled republic falls into the hands of an Emperor. Why do you think absolute rulers tend to appear when governments are failing?

Stop and answer Read Along #2 about the map on the earlier slide

Napoleonic Era

• All of Europe was at war with him unless he had conquered their country and placed himself or his brother on the throne

The French Empire under Napoleon

Stop and answer Read Along #3-4about the map on the earlier slide

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Napoleonic Wars on LandAfter a string of incredible military successes, Napoleon controlled vast stretches of Europe either directly or through puppet governments.

Napoleon tries to defeat Great Britain by blockading them from resources but failed ( Read about it on page 589 The Continental System and write down 3 important facts)

Napoleon tried to conquer Russia, but was turned back by the harsh winter weather losing a large portion of his army. (Read about it on page 590 The Invasion of Russia and write down 3 important facts also look at the map on page 591)

A major defeat at Leipzig (leap-zig) ended with Napoleon in exile.

After an escape and a return to power, Napoleon is defeated at Waterloo and again exiled until his death shortly after. (Read about it on page 591-92 A Comeback Fail and write down 3 important facts)

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Stop and answer Read Along #5

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The Retreat from Russia

Overview, Parts, Title, Inner-relationships, Conclusion

Stop and answer Read Along #6 about the picture on the earlier

slide

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Napoleonic Wars at SeaThe French under Napoleon fought many naval skirmishes and battles. Most famously Lord Admiral Nelson, a British Naval Commander, used a brilliant tactic to destroy a French fleet at Trafalgar.

This battle ensured that the British maintained control of the seas for good.

The famous “Trafalgar Square” with its giant lions is a major landmark in London today where Londoners and tourists alike meet-up!(Look at the map on page 588)

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Stop and answer Read Along #7

British Naval Supremacy Wins Again!

Napoleon’s Improvements at Home• Order restored after French Revolution

• Economy improved through an efficient tax collection system and a national bank

• Religious toleration for the Protestants and Jews and made peace with the Catholic Church

• Lycées set up as government-run public schools to train students as potential government officials

• Napoleonic Code established a uniform set of laws in France, but limited freedom of speech and of the press in addition to restricting women’s rights

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Stop and answer Read Along #8

Napoleon and Latin America

• Establishment of Haiti as an independent republic after French troops sent by Napoleon are decimated by yellow fever

• Independence movement in Spanish colonies begins when Napoleon conquers Spain in 1808 and replaces King Ferdinand VII with Joseph Bonaparte. Spanish creoles in the colonies have no loyalty and argue that power shifts to the people. Independence movements continue after Ferdinand is restored to the Spanish throne in 1814.

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Stop and answer Read Along #9

Closing TaskI will describe and analyze the impact of Napoleon on either Europe or Latin America by choosing the greatest long-term impact of Napoleon and writing a paragraph defending my choice.

Napoleon’s Tomb – Notice the person sitting against the pillar to judge size. For such a small man, he had a large sarcophagus!