Review of Sensation & Perception - Ms. Curtright at Buford...

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Sensation and Perception Bottomup processing Topdown processing Thresholds: absolute signal detection theory subliminal stimulation difference (Weber’s Law) Sensory adaptation Selective attention inattentional blindness change blindness popout phenomenon Vision What is transduction? Why is it necessary? wavelength=hue amplitude=brightness

Transcript of Review of Sensation & Perception - Ms. Curtright at Buford...

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Sensation  and  Perception  

Bottom-­‐up  processing                 Top-­‐down  processing  

 

 

Thresholds:  

  absolute-­‐  

 

  signal  detection  theory-­‐  

 

  subliminal  stimulation-­‐  

 

  difference  (Weber’s  Law)-­‐  

 

Sensory  adaptation  

 

Selective  attention                  

 

  inattentional  blindness  

 

  change  blindness  

 

  pop-­‐out  phenomenon  

 

Vision  

What  is  transduction?    Why  is  it  necessary?  

 

      wavelength=hue  

 

      amplitude=brightness  

 

 

 

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                                             The  eye  

              Pupil  

              Iris  

              Lens  

              Retina  

                -­‐rods  and  cones  

                -­‐optic  nerve  

                -­‐blindspot  

                -­‐fovea  

 

                Feature  detectors  

               Visual  Information  Processing  

                Parallel  processing              

                         

                Color  Vision  

                  Young-­‐Helmholtz  trichromatic  theory  

         

                Opponent-­‐process  theory  

                   

                Color  constancy          

Hearing  

                                     Stimulus-­‐sound  waves         Parts  of  the  Ear  

                Outer  ear  (funnel  for  sound)  

                  auditory  canal  

 

                Middle  ear    

                  eardrum  

                     

                  hammer,  anvil,  stirrup  

 

 

 

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                Inner  ear  

                  cochlea  

                     

                  oval  window  

                     

                  basilar  membrane  

                  hair  cells  

                  auditory  nerve  

   

Perception  of  pitch             Hearing  loss  

  place  theory  (Helmholtz)-­‐           conduction  hearing  loss  

   

  frequency  theory-­‐           sensorineural  hearing  loss  

 

                 Sound  location             Cochlear  implants  

 

Sensory  compensation  

 

 

Touch  

Pain:                 Gate-­‐control  theory  

  Biological  influence  

  Psychological  influence  

  Social-­‐cultural  influence             Influence  of  memories  

 

Taste  

  taste  receptors  

  sensory  interaction    

      (rare  form  of  interaction-­‐synesthesia)  

 

 

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Smell  (olfaction)  

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Body  position  and  movement  

  Kinesthesis  (the  system  for  sensing  the  body  parts’  position  and  movement)  

  Vestibular  sense    

    (the  sense  of  body  movement  and  position,  includes  balance)  

 

Perceptual  Organization  

Organization  Principles  

  gestalt             Form  perception  

                figure-­‐ground  

 

                grouping  

                 

Depth  perception          

  visual  cliff  

 

  binocular  cues:  

    retinal  disparity             convergence  

 

 

 

Brain region (red) for smell is closely connected with brain regions (limbic system) involved with memory, that is why strong

 

   

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  monocular  cues:  

    relative  size           relative  height  

 

         

                                     interposition           relative  motion  

 

         

                     relative  clarity        

                   linear  perspective  

 

                 texture  gradient        

                                                                          light  and  shadow  

 

 

Motion  perception  

  phi  phenomenon  

 

Perceptual  constancy  

  shape  and  size  constancies  

 

   

 

  size-­‐distance  

 

 

 

 

 

                   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

An  Ames  room  is  designed  to  give  size-­‐distance  illusion.  

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Lightness  constancy  

 

 

 

 

 

 

Perceptual  Interpretation  

Sensory  deprivation  and  restored  vision  

 

Perceptual  adaptation  (goggles)  

 

Perceptual  Set—what  do  you  see?               Role  of  schemas  

 

 

 

 

 

  Concept  effects  

 

 

Perception  and  the  human  factor  

  human  factor  psychologists  

 

  natural  mapping  

 

Extra  sensory  perception  

  telepathy                 psycho  kinesis  

   

clairvoyance                 precognition  

The  color  and  brightness  of  square  A  and  B  are  the  same.