Review of Chpt 2, 16
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Transcript of Review of Chpt 2, 16
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Review of Chpt 2, 16Watch the videos, fill out the chart
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Purpose (the reason for telling, can be more than 1)◦ Inform◦ Entertain◦ Persuade
Voice (the primary way the story is told)◦ 1st person: “I went to the store”◦ 2nd person: “You went to the store”◦ 3rd person: “They went to the store”
Audience (the people meant to hear the message)◦ Who is this message directed towards?
Review
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Do NOT put your name on the paper you are handed.
Draw a symbol on the top left corner: =D, x/x, <3, etc.
Write for a specific amount of time◦ Stop when requested◦ Pass when requested
When you receive someone else’s paper, draw your symbol in the margin where your writing begins◦ Respond to the question and their response
for a specific amount of time.
Writing Project
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SubjectsChapter 3, pg 34
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A group of words that contains a subject and a verb and also expresses a complete thought.
Video on the Subject of the Sentence http://ttosspon.wikispaces.com/Grammar+R
ocks%21#Subject
Complete sentence
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The subject answers “Who or what is the sentence about?”
Usually occurs early in the sentence
Usually a noun (person/place/thing/idea) or pronoun (replaces a noun)
Subject CAN be modified by adjectives.
The subject of a sentence can be compound.
Finding the Subject
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1. The gym seemed noisier than usual.
2. Our coach was shouting last-minute
instructions.
3. He expected total concentration.
4. Three athletes were doing push-ups.
5. People were beginning to fill the bleachers.
“Practice,” pg 35
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Nouns
Video:http://ttosspon.wikispaces.com/Grammar+Rocks%21#Noun
Nouns are People Places Things Ideas
They CAN be the subject of the sentence, but a sentence can have more nouns than just the subject
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Finding Nouns – ways to categorize
•ConcreteName things we can
see or touch• Face• People• Jewelry
Abstract Things we cannot see or touch
LonelinessPatriotismBeauty
Common◦ Name general things
(not capitalized) aunt country watch
Proper◦ Name particular persons,
places, or things (caps) Aunt Meriam Nigeria Timex
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1. The morning of June 27 was sunny and clear. 2. The flowers were blossoming profusely and
the grass was richly green. 3. The people of the village began to gather in
the square4. The lottery was conducted by Mr. Sommers.5. The jovial man had time and energy to
devote to civic activities.
“Practice,” pg 36
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PronounsLink: http://ttosspon.wikispaces.com/Grammar+Rocks%21#Pronoun
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Replace the underlined word(s) with a pronoun. “Practice,” pg 36-37
1. The crowd arrived early.2. The gym was noisy.3. People waited eagerly.4. Coach Ann Bradway had not lost a game…5. Steven and I found the best seats in the
front row.6. Not one person could predict the outcome.
Pronouns take the place of nouns (pg 36)
They arrived earlyIt was noisy.They waited eagerly.She had not lost a game yet this season.We found the best seats in the front row.No one could predict the outcome. Nobody could predict the outcome.
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You CAN have more than one subject!◦ Made up of two or more nouns or pronouns
Joined with and/or, either/or, neither/nor
Compound Subject
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1. The road twisted and turned.
2. A young boy hurried along briskly.
3. He carried an important message.
4. A red-winged blackbird flew overhead.
5. Dark clouds and a sudden wind surprised
him.
Exercise 2, pg 39 – find the subject!
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6. His family would be elated.
7. Someone was raking the leaves.
8. His father called out his name.
9. The old man tore open the envelope.
10. The message was brief.
Exercise 2, pg 39-40
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Prepositions! Pg 41◦ Show relationships
◦ http://ttosspon.wikispaces.com/Grammar+Rocks%21#Prepositions
Prepositions!
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Prepositions tell where or how.
The subject is NEVER found within the prepositional phrase.
Prepositional Phrases (pg 41)
Common Prepositions (pg 41)about behind except onto toward into nearabove below for out under of likeacross beneath from outside into on withinafter beside in over unlike at withagainst betwee
nInside Past until as to
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Cross out the prepositional phrase, then underline the subject.
1. On Friday, January 27, 2006, Western Union sent its last telegram.
2. With the ascendancy of modern technology, the telegram is no longer needed.
3. In 1851 in Rochester, New York, Western Union had its beginnings.
Exercise 7 pgs 42-43
On Friday, January 27, 2006, Western Union sent its last telegram.
With the ascendancy of modern technology, the telegram is no longer needed.In 1851 in Rochester, New York, Western Union had its beginnings.
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Cross out the prepositional phrase, then underline the subject.
4. Messages were transmitted by Morse code over the wires and delivered by couriers.
5. Eventually, telegraph service drove the pony express out of business.
6. Until the emergence of the telegraph, the average delivery time for a message by pony express took ten days.
Exercise 7 pgs 42-43
Messages were transmitted by Morse code over the wires and delivered by couriers.
Eventually, telegraph service drove the pony express out of business.
Until the emergence of the telegraph, the average delivery time for a message by pony express took ten days
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Appositive Phrases Appositive phrases are a group of words
that give us extra information about a noun or pronoun in that sentence.
Appositive phrases are set off by commas
The subject is NEVER found within the appositive phrase.
Martin Johnson, the retired salesperson, sat at his desk.
______________________________appositive phrase
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Why is he going away?
Put questions in statement form so that it is easier to identify the complete verb phrase.
Why is he going away? He is going away. How did he find his sister in the city?
◦ He found his sister by…
Where is her office?◦ Her office is…
Questions – Change in Subject position pg 44
subt
Verb
Verb
Verb
Verb
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“here” “where” and “there” will never be the subject of the sentence. (they are adverbs)
Ex. There will be a quiz on Tuesday.
There is a new teacher in the department.
Here comes the woman now.
There and HERE (pg 44)
Subj.
subject
Verb
V
Verb subject
The quiz will be on Tuesday Subj verb
The teacher is new in the department. Subj verb
The woman comes here now. Subj verb
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Remember that the subject of a “command” sentence is “you” (understood). This is the ONLY case where the subject of a sentence may be left out.
Go to Chicago.
Help your sister.
Commands (pg 44)
You
subVerb
You
subVerb
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Cross out the prepositional phrase, then underline the subject.
1. In the night train, the child slept.
2. Here the motion of the railroad cars lulled the passengers.
3. The child’s mother, a single parent, put a coat under the child’s head for a pillow.
Exercise 8 pg 45
In the night train, the child slept.
Here the motion of the railroad cars lulled the passengers.
The child’s mother, a single parent, put a coat under the child’s head for a pillow.
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4. Outside the window, the lights from small towns and villages twinkled.
5. Sometimes passengers could look into people’s windows.
6. There was a silence in the train.
7. Why do people travel in the middle of the night?
Exercise 8 pg 45Outside the window, the lights from small
towns and villages twinkled.
Sometimes passengers could look into people’s windows.
There was a silence in the train.
Why do people travel in the middle of the night.
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8. In most cases, children will rest quietly at night.
9. Will the woman with a young child and heavy suitcases have a difficult time at the end of the trip?
10. On the platform waits an elderly man, anxious for the first sight of his grandson.
Exercise 8 pg 45In most cases, children will rest quietly at
night.
Will the woman with a young child and heavy suitcases have a difficult time at the end of the trip?
On the platform waits an elderly man, anxious for the first sight of his grandson.
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Take out the handout and fill in what you know about nouns, pronouns, & prepositions
Next we’ll watch the videos for Adjectives, Adverbs, Conjunctions, and Interjections
What about those other parts of speech
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Describe nouns
http://ttosspon.wikispaces.com/Grammar+Rocks%21#Adjectives
Adjectives
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Describe Verbs or adjectives
http://ttosspon.wikispaces.com/Grammar+Rocks%21#Adverbs
Adverbs
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For And Nor But Or Yet So
http://ttosspon.wikispaces.com/Grammar+Rocks%21#Conjunctions
Conjunction
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http://ttosspon.wikispaces.com/Grammar+Rocks%21#Interjections
Interjections
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Verbs
http://ttosspon.wikispaces.com/Grammar+Rocks%21#Verb
Verbs
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Verbs tell time
◦ Test the sentence by adding Today, Yesterday, or tomorrow.
◦ Today she dances.◦ Yesterday she
danced.◦ Tomorrow she will
dance.
How to Find the Verb pg 47
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Tells what the subject is doing and when the action occurs.
◦ Examples: Arrive, leave, learn,
write, open, write, teach(pg 48)
◦ The woman studied ballet.
Action Verbs
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Links the subject of a sentence to one or more words that describe or identify the subject.
◦ Examples: (see pg 49) Act, appear, become,
feel, get, grow, look, remain, seems, smells, sounds, tastes, turns
Be (am, is, are, was, were, has been, have been)
◦ She seems distracted
Linking Verbs
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Combines with a main verb to form a verb phrase. It always comes before the main verb and expresses a special meaning or a particular time.
◦ Examples: (see pg 51) Can, could, may, might,
must, shall, should, will Being, been, am, is,
was, are, were Has, have, had Does, do, did
◦ He is sleeping◦ He might sleep◦ He should sleep. ◦ He could have been
sleeping.
Helping Verbs
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Identify the VERB in the sentence—either the “action” verb or “linking” verb. The subject will be the person, place, or thing (noun or pronoun) performing the action—or the noun that “is.”
s v Ex. Ms. Antill wrote this hints sheet
for you. s v She is sure of its benefit.
Identify
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Remember that the “infinitive form” of the verb (to + verb) will never be the verb of the sentence.
s v v Ex. You do want to study.
“To + Verb”