Review Chapter 18 & 19

7/30/2019 Review Chapter 18 & 19

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Respiration system


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1. Trachea

To channel air from the nose to the lung

2. Bronchus

To channel air to the left and right lungs

3. Bronchiole

To channel air to the alveolus

4. Alveolus

air sacs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs

5. Ribs

To protect the lungs and heart

6. Intercostal muscle

To pull the ribs outwards and inwards during breathing

7. Diaphragm

to contract and relax so that air can move in and out of the lungs


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Inhalation and Exhalation


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1. Contracts

2. Relaxes

3. Moves up and outwards

4. Moves down and inwards

5. Contracts

6. Relaxes

7. Relaxes8. Contracts

9. Increases

10. Decreases

11. Low12. High

13. Bigger

14. Smaller


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a) i) Trachea

ii) Ribs

iii) Lung

iv) Diaphragm

b) i) The balloons become big

ii) The volume in the gas jarincreases and air pressurebecomes lower. The higheratmospheric pressure outsidepushes air into the balloons,thus making them big

c) i) the balloons deflateii) the volume in the bell jardecreases and the higher airpressure inside will force theair out of the balloons


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Gas exchange in alveolus


7/13

a) i) Oxygen

ii) carbon dioxide

b) i) Blood Y

ii) Blood X

c) Diffusiond) Because the wall of an alveoli is thin and

moist

e) To dissolve gasses so that the exchangeof gasses can take place


8/13

Heart and circulation system

Right

atrium

Left atrium

Right

ventricle

Left

ventricle

Deoxygenated

blood

Oxygenated

blood


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1. Vena cava

2. Right auricle/atrium

3. Right ventricle

4. Pulmonary artery

5. Pulmonary vein

6. Left auricle/atrium

7. Left ventricle8. Aorta

b. To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide

c. The pressure is higher in the left ventricle

because it has to pump blood to every part ofthe body. The right ventricle onlu pumps bloodto the lung


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1. Transports blood

2. Carries blood from the heart to every part of the body

3. Carries blood from every part of the body back to the

heart4. Small

5. Big

6. Thick, muscular and elastic

7. Thin, not muscular and not elastic8. Oxygenated blood except pulmonary artery

9. Deoxygenated blood except pulmonary blood vein

10. Fast

11. Slow12. High

13. Low

14. Has valves

15. Does not have valve


12/13

a) The upper part of the ring that was cut off

become swollen

b) Because food from the leaves gathered therec) Because the phloem which carries food was

cut off

d) The leaves will drop off and the tree will finallydie

e) Food in plants is transported by phloem

tissues


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a) i) Epidermal cell

ii) stoma

iii) guard cellb) To control the rate of

transpiration

c) i) to remove excesswater

ii) to cool itself

iii) so that it is able to

absorb water andmineral salts from the

roots to the shoots

Review Chapter 18 & 19

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Transcript of Review Chapter 18 & 19