Retrospect
1
RETROSPECT Reflections on Issues Gone By Professor Dennis F. Hasson with the assistance of Judy Parker JUNE-1976 T HE theme of this issue, "Energy Production: Focus on Materials," is nicely developed with several excellent presentations. J.E. Doherty's paper, "Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) of Structural Ceramic Materials," is tutorial and informative. He suggests, for example, that using high temperature structural materials in gas turbines should provide an impetus to the devel- opment of the CVD process. read your newspaper." Commenting on his 44-year career, Braithwaite said "you had to feel your way in making steel in those days .... I used to 'read' the heat without any instruments or anything. I did it without blue glasses." Obviously, steelmaking was much more of an art in Mr. Braithwaite's time. Illustrating the decreasing importance of the bessemer process, the issue also examines a new Austrian oxygen Fine and Lambright present an illu- minating examination of solar energy (no pun intended) in the metallurgi- cal industries. They some- ------------ lance L-D and OV processes of introduc- what disappointingly conclude that economics will restrict solar power's usage in the foreseeable future. In this period, energy articles fre- quently explored void swell- ing control in fast reactor and electrical transmission mater- ials. In 1975, Johnson and Davis wrote an article on rating university research productiv- ity by the controversial cita- tion index. A year later, Pro- fessor Rustum Roy, chairman of the National Academy of Science's committee on sur- veying university materials programs, published his views on the citation index. After much discussion and analysis, his article ultimately advises the scientific community to realize the pitfalls in evalua- ting research quantity and quality. JUNE--1156 ing oxygen into the metal bath. The basic oxygen furnace provided a longer life to the steel industry. JUNE-1936 In this issue, an editorial by Dean James H. Hance from the University of Alas- ka proposes a five-year de- gree in metallurgy which in- cludes cultural study and five hours a week, in the fourth year, devoted to a modern language. The editorial chides academicians to remember the advantages of a liberal arts education and concludes "perhaps the perspective is clearer in the Far North". Robie's column features comments from an American mining engineer returning to the U.S. after a tour of Russia. He observed that the Soviets, in hopes of gaining world respect, were increas- ing their gold output. Along with discussing Russia's abili- ty to attain its goal, the article in- While many publications have receI..- ly focused on the Hall-Heroult centennial, this outstandihg issue examines the then current Bessemer centennial. William Kelly, however, is actually credited with A rather formidable looking Sir Henry Bessemer in a photo reprinted in the 1956 Journal of Metals. cludes the observation that "one should not judge the country (the Soviet Union) by the type of Communists and radical agitators that infest the United States. No doubt they would not be pop- the 1847 discovery of the pneumatic converter process principle, a principle that Sir Henry Bessemer independently conceived and reported in the 1856 paper, "On the Manufacture of Malleable Iron and Steel With- out Fuel." As a result of Bessemer's progressive leadership, the process became permanently identified with his name. The issue also notes Mushet and Martien's significant contributions. In a human interest sidelight, the issue reports on the AIME Bessemer Steel Committee's search for the United States' oldest living bessemer steel worker. That individ- ual was found in the person of Toneson Braithwaite, an 88-year-old bessemer steel blower from, you guessed it, Pittsburgh. After emigrating to the U.S. from Wales, he worked as a blower at Jones & Laughlin from 1886 to 1930. Unlike the clear night skies over the city today, the article notes that "these were the days when besse- mer converters lit up Pittsburgh skies in so spectacular a fashion that you could stand on any street corner and 72 ular in Russia either." While not related to the Soviets, Robie also examines goldly doings under the headline "Science Marches On." It seems that an advertisement in the April issue of Vogue promoted Elorda facial cream, a gold bearing cream that "cleans and stimulates the skin to glowing vital freshness." The ad attributes this unique capability to "millions of active atoms, each carrying a natural nega- tive electrical impulse." "Tomorrow's Metallurgy" features another explanation of grain boundaries--"What's Between the Grains?-An Answer." RS. Dean offers new and interesting evidence on the existence of electrical dipoles or pseudo-molecules at metallic surfaces or interfaces. He detected these di- poles by a minimum in resistance at a frequency of 50kHz. "News of Institute Members" reports on the medal awarded by the Franklin Institute to Alfred V. deForest, president of Magnaflux Corporation, for the invention of the Magnaflux nondestructive evaluation technique. JOURNAL OF METALS • June 1986
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Transcript of Retrospect
RETROSPECT Reflections on Issues Gone By Professor Dennis F. Hasson
with the assistance of Judy Parker
JUNE-1976
T HE theme of this issue, "Energy Production: Focus on Materials," is nicely developed with several excellent
presentations. J.E. Doherty's paper, "Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) of Structural Ceramic Materials," is tutorial and informative. He suggests, for example, that using high temperature structural materials in gas turbines should provide an impetus to the development of the CVD process.
read your newspaper." Commenting on his 44-year career, Braithwaite said "you had to feel your way in making steel in those days .... I used to 'read' the heat without any instruments or anything. I did it without blue glasses." Obviously, steelmaking was much more of an art in Mr. Braithwaite's time.
Illustrating the decreasing importance of the bessemer process, the issue also examines a new Austrian oxygen
Fine and Lambright present an illuminating examination of solar energy (no pun intended) in the metallurgical industries. They some-
------------ lance L-D and OV processes of introduc-
what disappointingly conclude that economics will restrict solar power's usage in the foreseeable future. In this period, energy articles frequently explored void swelling control in fast reactor and electrical transmission materials.
In 1975, Johnson and Davis wrote an article on rating university research productivity by the controversial citation index. A year later, Professor Rustum Roy, chairman of the National Academy of Science's committee on surveying university materials programs, published his views on the citation index. After much discussion and analysis, his article ultimately advises the scientific community to realize the pitfalls in evalua-ting research quantity and quality.
JUNE--1156
ing oxygen into the metal bath. The basic oxygen furnace provided a
longer life to the steel industry. JUNE-1936
In this issue, an editorial by Dean James H. Hance from the University of Alaska proposes a five-year degree in metallurgy which includes cultural study and five hours a week, in the fourth year, devoted to a modern language. The editorial chides academicians to remember the advantages of a liberal arts education and concludes "perhaps the perspective is clearer in the Far North".
Robie's column features comments from an American mining engineer returning to the U.S. after a tour of Russia. He observed that the Soviets, in hopes of gaining world respect, were increasing their gold output. Along with discussing Russia's abili
ty to attain its goal, the article in-
While many publications have receI..ly focused on the Hall-Heroult centennial, this outstandihg issue examines the then current Bessemer centennial. William Kelly, however, is actually credited with
A rather formidable looking Sir Henry Bessemer in a photo reprinted in the 1956 Journal of Metals.
cludes the observation that "one should not judge the country (the Soviet Union) by the type of Communists and radical agitators that infest the United States. No doubt they would not be pop-
the 1847 discovery of the pneumatic converter process principle, a principle that Sir Henry Bessemer independently conceived and reported in the 1856 paper, "On the Manufacture of Malleable Iron and Steel Without Fuel." As a result of Bessemer's progressive leadership, the process became permanently identified with his name. The issue also notes Mushet and Martien's significant contributions.
In a human interest sidelight, the issue reports on the AIME Bessemer Steel Committee's search for the United States' oldest living bessemer steel worker. That individual was found in the person of Toneson Braithwaite, an 88-year-old bessemer steel blower from, you guessed it, Pittsburgh. After emigrating to the U.S. from Wales, he worked as a blower at Jones & Laughlin from 1886 to 1930. Unlike the clear night skies over the city today, the article notes that "these were the days when bessemer converters lit up Pittsburgh skies in so spectacular a fashion that you could stand on any street corner and
72
ular in Russia either." While not related to the Soviets, Robie also examines
goldly doings under the headline "Science Marches On." It seems that an advertisement in the April issue of Vogue promoted Elorda facial cream, a gold bearing cream that "cleans and stimulates the skin to glowing vital freshness." The ad attributes this unique capability to "millions of active atoms, each carrying a natural negative electrical impulse."
"Tomorrow's Metallurgy" features another explanation of grain boundaries--"What's Between the Grains?-An Answer." RS. Dean offers new and interesting evidence on the existence of electrical dipoles or pseudo-molecules at metallic surfaces or interfaces. He detected these dipoles by a minimum in resistance at a frequency of 50kHz.
"News of Institute Members" reports on the medal awarded by the Franklin Institute to Alfred V. deForest, president of Magnaflux Corporation, for the invention of the Magnaflux nondestructive evaluation technique.
JOURNAL OF METALS • June 1986
