Rethinking the Role of Metropolitan
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Transcript of Rethinking the Role of Metropolitan
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Rethinking the Role of MetropolitanPlanning in Sustainable Development
CPN-MOC Conference
June 14-16, 2006 Beijing
Qing Shen
Professor of Urban Studies and PlanningSchool of Architecture, Planning and Preservation
University of Maryland, College Park
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Presentation Outline1. Connection between urban land use,
urban transportation, and sustainabledevelopment
2. Rethink the role of metropolitan planning
3. Challenges and opportunities for urbanplanning research and practice in China
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1. Connection between Urban Land Use,Urban Transportation, and Sustainable
Development
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Dimensions of sustainable development
Definition of sustainable development
Meets the needs of the present generation withoutcompromising the ability of future generations tomeet their needs (WCED, 1987)
Dimensions
Environmental
Economic
Equity
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Urban focus of sustainable development
Sustainable development is focusing
increasingly on urban areas because theyare where most people will reside and whereeconomic activities will be most intensive
How the future cities are built and the futureurban population live, work, and travel will bea key determinant of sustainability
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Consequences of low-density auto-oriented
patterns of urban development
Environmental (more details to be provided)
Economic (more details to be provided)
Equity (more details to be provided)
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2. Rethink the Role of Metropolitan Planning
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Function of metropolitan planning
Urban planning at the metropolitan scale
Manipulation of urban form and structurefundamentally determine how people couldlive and travel
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Illusive effects of metropolitan planning on
sustainable development
Effects on actual land use and travel
outcomes are unclear Current levels of resource consumption and
emissions are unsustainable
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Importance for rethinking the role of
metropolitan planning
Uncertainties
High risk
Irreversibility
Changing conditions for plan making andgovernmental policy
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Resetting guiding principles
Create choices
Maintain the capacity to adapt
Influence behavior
Example in land use and transportationplanning
Proposed study by Levine, Shen, and others
From automobility to accessibility andadaptability
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Modified performance measures
Example in land use and transportation
planning Proposed study by Levine, Shen, and others
Three measures (accessibility, minimum required
travel, and viability of public transportation) Similar measures can be devised for land use
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3. Challenges and Opportunities for UrbanPlanning Research and Practice in China
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Chinas recent policy developments
The emphasis on sustainability
The recognition of disadvantaged populationgroups
The emphasis on developing a harmonious
society (diversity does not translate intopolarization and social conflicts)
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Global importance
details to be provided
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Knowledge creation
details to be provided
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Institutional reform
details to be provided
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Some suggestions
Consider jointly land use and
transportation (e.g. housing andtransportation costs of residentialoptions should be examined
simultaneously)
Broaden and enrich the functionality of
metropolitan planning Learn from different cities