Rethinking Raman - breeze version · • Sample through glass • Samples on glass slides, in glass...

Rethinking Raman

Presenter: Joe HodkiewiczRaman Product ManagerE-mail: [email protected]

2

Agenda

• Overview of Raman• How Raman has been practiced traditionally• Primary users of Raman today• The DXR philosophy• The path to answers• The DXR solution in action

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Overview of Raman

• An optical spectroscopy technique• Sensitive to vibrational modes of covalent bonds in molecules• Most sensitive to highly symmetrical vibrations (i.e. C-C, Si-Si)• Sensitive to anything that changes bond energy (i.e. bond angle)

Rayleigh scattering(filtered out)

Raman scattering(Stokes shift)

LASER

200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 Raman shift (cm-1)

Blo

ckin

g Fi

lter

0

Exci

tatio

n fr

eque

ncy

V = 0

Ray

leig

hsc

atte

ring

V = 1

Ram

an

scat

terin

g

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ V = virtual state

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Overview of Raman

• Provides information useful for• Identifying unknown materials

• Raman spectrum serves as a “molecular fingerprint”

• Materials characterization• Detect slight differences in materials• Understand impact of processing steps

• Molecular morphology characterization• Differentiate material phases• Detect and characterize strain effects

Anatase TiO2 Unit Cell

Rutile TiO2 Unit Cell

200 300 400 500 600 700 800Raman shift (cm-1)

5

Overview of Raman

• Sample applicability• Solids, liquids, and sometimes gasses

• Gas density is low resulting in very weak Raman signals• There is almost always a better way to characterize gasses

− Exception - air bubbles trapped in a solid matrix

• Small samples down to ~500 nm• Surface characterization with mapping

• Areas ranging from microns to as much as millimeters

• Subsurface sampling and Depth profiling• Applies to transparent media only• Depths of microns to as much as 1 cm depending on optical

properties of the material

• Sample through glass• Samples on glass slides, in glass capillary tubes, etc.

• Remote fiber optic sampling possible

500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Raman shift cm-1

CH4

CH4 CO2Quartz

Trapped liquids

20 microns

6

How Raman Has Been Practiced Traditionally

• Traditional Raman instruments aimed at academics whose primary research interest often involved optical phenomenon

• Typically experts in working with optics• Often want to access and even modify the optics• Often expect to spend several months setting an instrument up• Often willing to sacrifice usability for the ability to customize the optics to

suit their specific needs.

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Primary Users of Raman Today

• Most researchers buying Raman today are Applied researchers• These are people interested in Raman as a tool to further their work rather

than Raman as a field of research itself• These users value getting results quickly which entails

• Simplicity of use• Fast analysis time• Trustworthy data• Tools to help get useful information from data

Nanotechnology

Art Restoration

Polymers Solar

Forensics Geology

Pharmaceutical

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Gap Between New User Needs and Traditional Instruments

• So why do so many new users keep buying traditional instruments?• Until recently, lack of alternatives• Trying to duplicate work they have seen published in the past on traditional

instruments.

New User Preferences Traditional Instrument Characteristics

Traditional Expert User Preferences

Simplicity of use Ease of use sacrified to accommodate optics customization

Easy to customize

Fast analysis time Time consuming configuration and optimization required before starting an experiment. Total analysis speed sacrificed to support custom optimization.

Fast analysis is preferred, but willing to make sacrifices here to support custom optimization

Reliable, trustworthy data Data requires user to appraise the quality and make adjustments when quality is insufficient.

Prefer to rely on their own judgement with respect to data quality. Manufacturer of the instrument may not have anticipated the customizations they have made.

Tools to get information from data Data is the output. User is expected to understand the data.

Data is expected to be the output. Tools to extract information from data can be nice, but not necessary.

Want definitive information that can be applied to their research problems above all else

Design focus is to support the broadest range of hardware options and accessories.

Want an instrument platform that supports the broadest range of hardware options and accessories above all else

Overall

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Agenda

Overview of RamanHow Raman has been practiced traditionallyPrimary users of Raman today

• The DXR philosophy• The path to answers• The DXR solution in action

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The DXR PhilosophyGoal:Goal: Create a Raman instrument which can be set up and put into service quickly, operated with

minimal training, and produce reliable and reproducible data which can be readily converted to meaningful information that can be applied to an experimental end.

• Key DXR attributes• Short learning curve• Simple operation• Versatile• Research-level Performance• Data you can trust• Simple and objective maintenance• Software that turns data into answers• Dependable

• Traditional Raman drawbacks that are avoided• Dedicated technician to keep system running• Extended setup time to run a sample• Versatility inversely proportional to usability

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The DXR Philosophy

• Simple operation with a short learning curve• Build in as many smarts as possible

• Smart components automatically configure system parameters when installed• Smart backgrounds – eliminate background collection• Patented Autoexposure* – automatically optimizes exposure time and number of exposures

Benefits• Simplicity translates to fast operation• Smarts reduce operator dependence• Fewer parameters to set result in fewer

mistakes made• Accessible to more people

*US Patent 7,605,918 B2

Time

Prod

uctiv

ity

DXR

Traditional

Learning

Productive Use

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The DXR Philosophy

• Sampling versatility• Supports a wide variety of sample measurement options

• Microscope measurements• Mapping measurements• Depth-profiling measurements• Controlled environment measurements• Cuvette measurements• Remote measurements• Automated sampling of well-plates and other array formats

• Supports a wide range of visual viewing options• Brightfield viewing• Darkfield viewing• Polarized light viewing• Transmission illumination

• Supports several excitation laser options• Visible and NIR excitation laser options

Benefits• Accommodates just about any sample• Supports unattended automated

measurements• Easier to measure samples when it is

easy to see them• Fluorescence avoidance through

excitation laser switching

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The DXR Philosophy

• Research-level performance without traditional research complexity• High sensitivity• Dependable sample targeting

• High quality visual images so that you can see the sample• High accuracy crosshair to pinpoint the measurement

• High Spatial resolution• Clean confocal depth profiling and subsurface sampling

Benefits• Reduces ambiguity• Increases speed of operation and

measurement• Easier to interpret resultst = 0 (before incubating at 80C)

1000 2000 3000

X step size: 5um, Z step size: 1um

Interface

Deuterated Side Protonated Side

Bottom of cover slip

Top of slide

Dep

th m

icro

nsx,z map

Bottom of cover slip

Top of slide

Dep

th m

icro

ns

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The DXR Philosophy

• Data you can trust• Accurate data

• Foundation is simple and objective alignment and calibration− Calibration is automated with calibration tool

• Users make no decisions regarding calibration – all decisions are automated• Rigorous multi-point calibration• Active laser power regulation

• Free of aberrations and minimal fluorescence• Automatic Smart data corrections

− Patented algorithm for cosmic ray rejection*− Fluorescence correction− Intensity correction

• Laser line is rigorously filtered• Class 1 enclosure eliminates stray light artifacts• Circularly polarized laser to eliminate orientation effects

• Indication when something is wrong• Spectral quality checks• Laser power and camera temperature actively monitored and user is flagged when it is out of

specification

Benefits• Less operator dependence of results• High confidence in results

* US Patent 7,233,870 B1

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The DXR Philosophy

• Software to help take you from data to answers• Data is not the goal – Answers are!• Identification aided by

• Extensive collection of reference libraries• Innovative multicomponent search algorithm• Multivariate curve resolution (MCR) algorithm

• Characterization aided by• Correlation and discriminant analysis maps• Point and click profiling• Statistical spectra

• Quantitative analysis aided by• Integrated quantitative package supporting

− Simple Beer’s law quant− Sophisticated multivariate approaches

• Screening assays aided by• Array automated data set classification

Benefits• Provides meaningful results• Reduces learning curve

Layered Hematite Crystals on Quartz

Street Heroin Mixture

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The DXR Philosophy

• Dependable• You need answers every day – not just the first day• Simple and objective maintenance

• Patented alignment routine*− As simple to perform as targeting a sample− Allows first time users to align a system as well as veteran optical engineers

• Designed for reliability• Single piece cast optical baseplate• No moving parts in spectrograph• Spectrograph and detector thermally isolated from heat generated by microscope illumination• Laser power is buffered against inevitable power degradation with aging

• On board diagnostics monitor laser and detector performance• User replaceable Smart lasers and other components

• Do not have to wait for a service call when a laser dies• Laser replacement is done without any tools or any special training

− Do not even need to open the cover on the instrument!

Benefits• Less downtime• Lower cost of ownership

*US Patents 6,661,509 B2 and 7,460,229 B2

Lase

r pow

er

Time

Maximum power emitted by laserMaximum power permitted by Laser Power Regulator

Reproducible measurements ensured by Laser Power Regulator

ABC

Laser signal declines over laser lifetime

Maximum power no longer available. Time to replace laser.

17

The DXR Philosophy

• Traditional Raman drawbacks that are avoided• No dedicated technician needed to keep the system running• Do not need a dedicated laser lab for the instrument• No extended setup time needed to run a sample• Do not have to sacrifice usability for versatility

Benefits• Accessible to more people• More productive

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Agenda

Overview of RamanHow Raman has been practiced traditionallyPrimary users of Raman todayThe DXR philosophy

• The path to answers• The DXR solution in action

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The Timeline to Answers

1. Configure Instrument

1. Configure Instrument

2. Align and calibrate


3. Mount and target sample3. Mount and target sample

4. Optimize parameters4. Optimize parameters

5. Collect and process data5. Collect and process data

6. Validate data

6. Validate data

7. Interpret data

7. Interpret data

8. Apply Results8. Apply Results

DXR total experiment time to actionable results (15 min or more)

5 -10 minutes

5 - 10 minutes

1minute

1 - 2 minutes

0.5 - 5 minutes

15seconds

Variablemany tools available

Significant expertise required Moderate expertise required No or minimal training required

As much as several days

1 – 4Hours

1 - 60 minutes

5 – 20 minutes

2 – 20 minutes

5minutes

Lengthyfew tools available

| - 1 - | (hours)

Traditional Instrument total experiment time to actionable results (hours or days)

| - 1 - | - 2 - | - 3 - | - 4 - | - 5 - | - 6 - | - 7 - | - 8 - | - 9 - | - 10 - | - 11 - | - 12 - | - 13 - | - 14 - | - 15 - | - 16 - | - 17 - | - 18 - | - 19 - | (hours)

Traditional

DXR

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Timeline to Answers – Step 1. Configure Instrument

• Often involves opening the instrument up to switch out lasers, filters, or steering optics• Variants on this include arrays of external plungers to position components

• May have to configure external optics or controllers on an optics table.• Users have to understand the optical path of the instrument and have to be comfortable digging in

Plunger

Traditional

1. Configure instrument







6. Validate data

6. Validate data

7. Interpret data

7. Interpret data


DXR 5-10 min

Old 0.5-2 days

| - 1 - | - 2 - | - 3 - | - 4 - | - 5 - | - 6 - | - 7 - | - 8 - | - 9 - | - 10 - | - 11 - | - 12 - | - 13 - | - 14 - | - 15 - | - 16 - | - 17 - | - 18 - | - 19 - | (hours)

| - 1 - | - 2 - | (hours)

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• Just drop components in place – no alignment needed!• Software automatically recognizes new components and automatically adjusts alignment• If incompatible components are installed the software notifies the operator.

Lasers

Gratings

Filters








6. Validate data

6. Validate data

7. Interpret data

7. Interpret data


DXR 5-10 min

Old 0.5-2 days

| - 1 - | - 2 - | - 3 - | - 4 - | - 5 - | - 6 - | - 7 - | - 8 - | - 9 - | - 10 - | - 11 - | - 12 - | - 13 - | - 14 - | - 15 - | - 16 - | - 17 - | - 18 - | - 19 - | (hours)

| - 1 - | - 2 - | (hours)

Timeline to Answers – Step 1. Configure InstrumentDXR

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• Alignment• Typically involves aligning several optical elements in the system by hand• End performance is highly dependent on skill level of user – often a dedicated technician is asked to do this

• Calibration• Typically performed by adjusting the grating position and comparing the impact on the spectrum of a standard

such as Silicon or a Neon emissions spectrum.• User must identify the peaks of interest, know their correct values, and then adjust the grating to move them

to the correct positions. Usually this is a multistep iterative process.• Highly dependent on operator knowledge and skill level

Operator gets a screen like this and needs to make

adjustments to adjust peak positions

Location of major Neon bands (nm)

585.25594.48609.43614.31626.65638.30640.22650.65

Typical reference table provided

TraditionalTimeline to Answers – Step 2. Align and Calibrate

| - 1 - | - 2 - | - 3 - | - 4 - | - 5 - | - 6 - | - 7 - | - 8 - | - 9 - | - 10 - | - 11 - | - 12 - | - 13 - | - 14 - | - 15 - | - 16 - | - 17 - | - 18 - | - 19 - | (hours)








6. Validate data

6. Validate data

7. Interpret data

7. Interpret data


DXR 5-10 min

Old 1 – 4 hours

| - 1 - | - 2 - | (hours)

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• If alignment or calibration is needed, the software notifies the operator• Alignment and calibration performed by

1. Placing alignment/calibration tool on microscope stage2. Lining up reference spot on tool in the crosshairs3. Initiating alignment and calibration in the software

• Operator does not make any decisions and does not need to have any special knowledge• Alignment and calibration take about 5 minutes each

Place tool on stageAll Done!

Line up reference mark with the crosshairs

Timeline to Answers – Step 2. Align and Calibrate

| - 1 - | - 2 - | - 3 - | - 4 - | - 5 - | - 6 - | - 7 - | - 8 - | - 9 - | - 10 - | - 11 - | - 12 - | - 13 - | - 14 - | - 15 - | - 16 - | - 17 - | - 18 - | - 19 - | (hours)








6. Validate data

6. Validate data

7. Interpret data

7. Interpret data


DXR 5-10 min

Old 1 – 4 hours

| - 1 - | - 2 - | (hours)

DXR

24

• Place sample on microscope stage and focus• Sometimes illumination is not integrated and significant effort may have to be put into illuminating the sample

• Targeting• When using visible lasers, the laser spot can be used to target the area of interest• With invisible lasers, a common trick is to burn a piece of paper with high laser power and mark the location

directly on the monitor with a ‘X’ so that you know where the laser is when you put your sample on the stage• Orienting the sample

• Highly ordered samples such as crystalline materials can show orientation effects so it is important to make sure that they are measured in the same orientation or if orientation is unknown measure multiple orientations

Drawing ‘X’ on burn mark to find

laser spot

Orientation effects in hydroquinone

TraditionalTimeline to Answers – Step 3. Mount and Target Sample

| - 1 - | - 2 - | - 3 - | - 4 - | - 5 - | - 6 - | - 7 - | - 8 - | - 9 - | - 10 - | - 11 - | - 12 - | - 13 - | - 14 - | - 15 - | - 16 - | - 17 - | - 18 - | - 19 - | (hours)








6. Validate data

6. Validate data

7. Interpret data

7. Interpret data


DXR 1 min

Old 1 – 60 min

| - 1 - | - 2 - | (hours)

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• Place sample on microscope stage and focus• Target the area of interest with the crosshairs and press Go!

• Patented alignment technique* insures area sampled is always where the crosshairs are• No guess work about where you are really sampling• Depolarized lasers means you do not have to worry about sample orientation

Targeting 1 µm bead (100X) Resulting spectrum of 1 µm polystyrene bead

*US Patents 6,661,509 B2 and 7,460,229 B2

Timeline to Answers – Step 3. Mount and Target Sample

| - 1 - | - 2 - | - 3 - | - 4 - | - 5 - | - 6 - | - 7 - | - 8 - | - 9 - | - 10 - | - 11 - | - 12 - | - 13 - | - 14 - | - 15 - | - 16 - | - 17 - | - 18 - | - 19 - | (hours)








6. Validate data

6. Validate data

7. Interpret data

7. Interpret data


DXR 1 min

Old 1 – 60 min

| - 1 - | - 2 - | (hours)

DXR

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• Optimize basic hardware parameters including• Centering grating position – accomplished by adjusting grating angle in software. Must know what grating angle

to use on their system with each laser. Once adjusted to the point where there is signal the angle can be tweaked to get the desired spectral range.

• Optimize collection parameters• Exposure time – Must be optimized before each new sample

• Measure a short exposure. Calculate optimum by dividing the range of the ADC by the level of signal in the spectrum and multiplying by exposure time used.

• Number of exposures• Look at the signal to noise ratio in the resulting spectrum and then calculate how many exposures will be needed using the relationship that SNR will improve

by the square root of the number of exposures

TraditionalTimeline to Answers – Step 4. Optimize Parameters

| - 1 - | - 2 - | - 3 - | - 4 - | - 5 - | - 6 - | - 7 - | - 8 - | - 9 - | - 10 - | - 11 - | - 12 - | - 13 - | - 14 - | - 15 - | - 16 - | - 17 - | - 18 - | - 19 - | (hours)








6. Validate data

6. Validate data

7. Interpret data

7. Interpret data


DXR 1 - 2 min

Old 5 – 20 min

| - 1 - | - 2 - | (hours)

h ~ 600 countsa = ADC range = 64,000 counts

Optimal = a ~ 100 secondsExposure Time h

1 second exposure 100 second exposure

hImprove further with more exposures

Optimal #:2

Noise level Desired noise

level

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• Most collection parameters can be automatically optimized• Patented autoexposure feature* automatically determines optimal exposure time and number of exposures

• User only has to consider laser power and laser sensitivity of the sample

* US Patent 7,605,918 B2

Timeline to Answers – Step 4. Optimize Parameters

| - 1 - | - 2 - | - 3 - | - 4 - | - 5 - | - 6 - | - 7 - | - 8 - | - 9 - | - 10 - | - 11 - | - 12 - | - 13 - | - 14 - | - 15 - | - 16 - | - 17 - | - 18 - | - 19 - | (hours)








6. Validate data

6. Validate data

7. Interpret data

7. Interpret data


DXR 1 - 2 min

Old 5 – 20 min

| - 1 - | - 2 - | (hours)

Under Exposed

Over Exposed

Perfect

DXR

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• Instruct instrument to collect data• This delivers a raw spectrum back which may exhibit cosmic rays, fluorescence, or other artifacts.

• Apply any necessary corrections• Cosmic rays have to be manually identified and lined out• Fluorescence is usually manually baseline corrected

TraditionalTimeline to Answers – Step 5. Collect and Process Data

| - 1 - | - 2 - | - 3 - | - 4 - | - 5 - | - 6 - | - 7 - | - 8 - | - 9 - | - 10 - | - 11 - | - 12 - | - 13 - | - 14 - | - 15 - | - 16 - | - 17 - | - 18 - | - 19 - | (hours)








6. Validate data

6. Validate data

7. Interpret data

7. Interpret data


DXR 0.5 - 5 min

Old 2 – 20 min

| - 1 - | - 2 - | (hours)

500 1000 1500 2000 cm-1

Calcite spectrum

cosmic ray

How do I tell what is real and what is

a cosmic ray?

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• Just hit scan button!• Data is collected• Cosmic rays are automatically identified and removed with a patented algorithm*.• Fluorescence can be automatically corrected for• Intensity correction automatically performed

Timeline to Answers – Step 5. Collect and Process Data

| - 1 - | - 2 - | - 3 - | - 4 - | - 5 - | - 6 - | - 7 - | - 8 - | - 9 - | - 10 - | - 11 - | - 12 - | - 13 - | - 14 - | - 15 - | - 16 - | - 17 - | - 18 - | - 19 - | (hours)








6. Validate data

6. Validate data

7. Interpret data

7. Interpret data


DXR 0.5 - 5 min

Old 2 – 20 min

| - 1 - | - 2 - | (hours)

Point

AnswerShoot

* US Patent 7,233,870 B1

DXR

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• User needs to apply their experience to identify any additional problems with the data.• These could include camera saturation, sample heating effects, insufficient signal etc.

• New users unfortunately often waste days or weeks trying to interpret data with unidentified artifacts

TraditionalTimeline to Answers – Step 6. Validate Data

| - 1 - | - 2 - | - 3 - | - 4 - | - 5 - | - 6 - | - 7 - | - 8 - | - 9 - | - 10 - | - 11 - | - 12 - | - 13 - | - 14 - | - 15 - | - 16 - | - 17 - | - 18 - | - 19 - | (hours)








6. Validate data

6. Validate data

7. Interpret data

7. Interpret data


DXR 15 sec

Old 5 min

| - 1 - | - 2 - | (hours)

Two examples comparing the effects of CCD Saturation- Relative intensity changes between peaks- Broadening of most intense bands- Apparent peak shifting of most intense bands

Blue = saturated dataRed = good data

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• A number of spectral quality checks can be automatically applied• Based on the visual indicators in the spectrum that an experienced spectroscopist would notice in the data• Checks for camera saturation, sample heating, and weak signal

• User is notified if the data exhibits any of these visual indicators of problems

Timeline to Answers – Step 6. Validate Data

| - 1 - | - 2 - | - 3 - | - 4 - | - 5 - | - 6 - | - 7 - | - 8 - | - 9 - | - 10 - | - 11 - | - 12 - | - 13 - | - 14 - | - 15 - | - 16 - | - 17 - | - 18 - | - 19 - | (hours)








6. Validate data

6. Validate data

7. Interpret data

7. Interpret data


DXR 15 sec

Old 5 min

| - 1 - | - 2 - | (hours)

Collect screen

Live status indicator

Warning detailClicking here provides

optimization tips

DXR

32

• User needs to learn what the data indicates about the sample• A few tools are available to help.

• Basic library searching can identify single component unknowns• Mapping can typically display areas of a sample where a peak is present or absent

• Generally the user has to have extensive knowledge of the Raman spectrum of the material in order to draw any conclusions from it.

TraditionalTimeline to Answers – Step 7. Interpret Data

| - 1 - | - 2 - | - 3 - | - 4 - | - 5 - | - 6 - | - 7 - | - 8 - | - 9 - | - 10 - | - 11 - | - 12 - | - 13 - | - 14 - | - 15 - | - 16 - | - 17 - | - 18 - | - 19 - | (hours)








6. Validate data

6. Validate data

7. Interpret data

7. Interpret data


DXR 0.5 – 2 hrs

Old 0.5 – 2 days

| - 1 - | - 2 - | (hours)

Traditional library search of sample of street drugs correctly identifies the primary component, but tells you nothing about secondary components such as cutting agents

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• DXR offers a number of tools to help turn data into answers• Advanced multicomponent library searching tool and extensive reference libraries• Advanced mapping tools can isolate primary components of materials and display reveal their locations• Advanced screening software can classify batch spectra and flag outliers

Timeline to Answers – Step 7. Interpret Data

| - 1 - | - 2 - | - 3 - | - 4 - | - 5 - | - 6 - | - 7 - | - 8 - | - 9 - | - 10 - | - 11 - | - 12 - | - 13 - | - 14 - | - 15 - | - 16 - | - 17 - | - 18 - | - 19 - | (hours)








6. Validate data

6. Validate data

7. Interpret data

7. Interpret data


DXR 0.5 – 2 hrs

Old 0.5 – 2 days

| - 1 - | - 2 - | (hours)

DXR with Omnic Specta identifies both the primary drug and the cutting agent and provides a rough estimate of the ratio of the components with one simple action.

DXR

34

• Whether you want to or not you will have to just about get a degree in Raman before you can start generating results that you can apply to further your research goals.Traditional

Timeline to Answers – Step 8. Apply Results

| - 1 - | - 2 - | - 3 - | - 4 - | - 5 - | - 6 - | - 7 - | - 8 - | - 9 - | - 10 - | - 11 - | - 12 - | - 13 - | - 14 - | - 15 - | - 16 - | - 17 - | - 18 - | - 19 - | (hours)








6. Validate data

6. Validate data

7. Interpret data

7. Interpret data


| - 1 - | - 2 - | (hours)

• The goal is to provide you with answers that you can apply to your research straight out of the gate so that you spend your time practicing your discipline rather than just Raman.

COMPLETED RESEARCHPROJECT

Raman

DXR

35

Agenda

Overview of RamanHow Raman has been practiced traditionallyPrimary users of Raman todayThe DXR philosophyThe path to answers

• The DXR solution in action

36

The DXR Solution in Action – Laser Power Control

• Silicon Solar Crystalline Fraction• Crystalline fraction is an important parameter for microcrystalline silicon solar panels• Amorphous silicon spontaneously converts to crystalline with too much laser power• DXR’s unique laser power regulator allows laser power to be set very accurately to

insure that the analysis is performed at a safe level of laser power.

Feedback Circuitry

Calibrated Laser Power

Meter

Precision Motor

Laser Beam

Beamsplitter

More Laser Blocked

More Laser Passes

Gradient Neutral

Density Filter

DXR Laser Power Regulator actively measures and delivers requested power to provide unparalleled laser power control

Amorphous Silicon sample as power is raised from 1 mW to 10 mW in 1 mW increments

Amorphous

Crystalline

DXR

37

The DXR Solution in Action – Image Analysis

10 microns

Scale:

Single Layer Double Layer Triple Layer Multiple Layer

• Graphene Layer Thickness• Graphene exhibits different properties

depending on how many layers are present• Simple application of a discriminant

analysis method quickly classifies the number of layers.

DXR

38

The DXR Solution in Action - SERS

SERS colloid applied

Number ‘6’

Capital ‘S’

Number ‘0’ Letter ‘y’

Number ‘6’

Number ‘0’

Letter ‘y’

Capital ‘S’

Conventional Raman Results

(signal is mostly fluorescence) DXR Raman Results with SERS(signal is mostly Raman)

• Forensic Ink Analysis• Comparison of ink reveals check was

altered to change “Six” to “Sixty”• Enhanced sensitivity of DXR with SERS

draws out the detail needed to draw confident conclusions.

DXR

39

The DXR Solution in Action – Cluster Analysis

• Pharmaceutical recrystallization experiments• Recrystallize API under controlled array of conditions to characterize polymorph formation• DXR’s Array software automates collection of data in well-plates and can then classify all

the data to quickly information on which polymorphs are present.• Depolarized lasers on DXR prevents misdiagnosis due to orientation differences.

YellowCluster

Green Cluster

BlueCluster

RedCluster

Purple Outliers

Solvents

Aci

dsDXR

40

The DXR Solution in Action – Intelligent SearchingDXR

• Reverse Engineering• Identification of copolymer resin• Omnic Specta’s patented search algorithm* identifies both

components of copolymer in seconds.

*US Patent 7,698,098 B2

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Rethinking Raman Summary

• We want to put the answers you want at your fingertips• You will not have to invest in becoming an expert in the Raman technique• Use Raman like any other analytical tool to move your research forward rather

than having to put your research on hold while you research Raman• Spend your time where you really want to

• DXR you spend most of your time applying results to further your research• Traditional Raman expected that you would invest most of your time running and

maintaining the instrument.

“I did not expect the treatment to have penetrated this far into the substrate. I need to change the coating.”

“Is this really something different, or is this just another orientation effect? I am going to have find another way to confirm this data.”

DXR Traditional Raman

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Questions?

• Thank You For Your Time!

• On-line survey – Your feedback is important

• To view recorded versions of previous webinars:• http://www.thermoscientific.com/wps/portal/ts/events/detail?relationTypeCo

de=EV&contentId=50167

• To request a copy of the presentation • E-mail: [email protected]• Please include subject line or header: Raman Webinar Request

• For product information please see:• http://www.thermo.com/dxr

Joe Hodkiewicz

Rethinking Raman - breeze version · • Sample through glass • Samples on glass slides, in glass...

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Transcript of Rethinking Raman - breeze version · • Sample through glass • Samples on glass slides, in glass...