R E S U M E N D E T O D O S LO S M Ó D U LO S H E C H O S

S I M P L E PA S T

REGULAR AND  IRREGULAR VERBS

D E F I N I T I O N : U S E T H E S I M P L E PA S T T E N S E T O T E L L A B O U T S O M E T H I N G T H AT H A P P E N E D

B E F O R E N O W. REGULAR VERBS

 Simple form       Past tense

  pull                 pulled listen               listened use              used change           changed play                played

IRREGULAR VERBS 

 Simple form       Past tense

  are                 were am, is             was  go                  went do, does         did  see                saw

H E BO U G H T A P R E S E N T.

H E C L I M B E D A M O U N TA I N .

H E P L AY E D T H E G U I TA R B U T H E D I D N ’ T P L AY T H E P I A N O.

R E F L E X I V E P R O N O U N S

Definition: We use the reflexive pronouns to indicate that the person who

does the action of the verb is the same person who receives the action.

Example 1: I cut my hair myself.

* In this example "I" does the action of cutting the hair and at the same

time "I" gets the action of the hair being cut.

Example 2: We defended ourselves brilliantly.

* In this example the reflexive pronoun "ourselves" refers back to the

subject of the sentence.

Example 3: John talks to himself when he is nervous.

* In this example "Himself" refers to John

Exercises

Choose the correct reflexive pronouns from the dropdown menu.

1) Robert made this T-shirt _______________

2) Lisa did the homework ________________

3) We really enjoyed______________ very much.

4) Emma, did you take the photo all by____________ ?

5) I wrote this poem_____________ .

6) He cut with the knife ___________while he was doing the dishes.

7) The lion can defend_______________ .

8) My mother often talks to_________________ .

9) Tim and Gerry, if you want more milk, help_____________ .

10) At Christmas friends often give _______________presents.

P R E S E N T P E R F E C T S I M P L E

CASES AND FORMS

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

FORM: have / has + past participle

Affirmative: I have seen the film before.

She has seen the film before.

Interrogative: Have you seen the film before?

Has she seen the film before?

Negative: They haven’t seen the film before.

He hasn’t seen the film before.

USES OF THE PRESENT PERFECT

1- Recent events: It is used to describe recent events

without a definite time. We use just in positive

sentences to say that something happened very

recently.

Why are they so happy?

They have just won a prize so

they are really pleased.

USES OF THE PRESENT PERFECT

2- Personal experiences: It is used to express

personal experiences, there is not a definite time

given. The time expressions ever and never are very

often used with this meaning

Have you ever been to Japan?

No, I’ve never been there.

USES OF THE PRESENT PERFECT

3- It is used to express actions which started in the

past and are still continuing in the present, the time

period is not finished.

I have lost my keys.

(And I haven’t found them yet.)

W E O FT E N U S E T H E P R E S E N T P E R F E C T T E N S E W I T H ALREADY A N D YET

Already: Something happened before now or earlier than

expected

You can use already in positive sentences. Put already before

the main verb.

Yet: Until now.

You can use yet in negative sentences and questions. Yet is

usually at the end.

Example: A) Have you done your homework yet?

B) No, I haven’t done it yet. / Yes, I’ve already done it.

T H E E N D