Curriculum Vitae of Professor Bijay-Singh

Present position and contact address: INSA Senior Scientist Department of Soil Science Punjab Agricultural University LUDHIANA 141 004 Punjab, INDIA

Phone/ Fax/ Email: Office :+91 161 2401960 Ext 405Home: +91 161 4632796Mobile: +91 98155 69369

Fax: +91 161 2400945 Email: BijaySingh20@hotmail.com

Age: born December 20, 1950

Country of citizenship: India

Civil status: Married with two children

Residential address: 69 Green Field LUDHIANA 141 002 Punjab, INDIA

Education:

Degree Year University Subject of specialization------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------B.Sc. Honours 1970 Panjab University Mathematics, Chemistry and Physics(Maths) Chandigarh, India

M.Sc.* 1972 Punjab Agricultural Soil Fertility and Chemistry University, Thesis: Relative evaluation of nitric

Ludhiana, India phosphate fertilizers in three soils of Punjab

Ph.D.** 1976 Punjab Agricultural Soil Fertility and Chemistry University, Dissertation: Contribution of

fertilizers to Ludhiana, India ground water pollution

* Awarded University Merit Fellowship ** Awarded Senior Research Fellowship by Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi

Honours and Awards::

i) Membership of National/ International Academies: Fellow – Indian National Science Academy Fellow – National Academy of Agricultural Sciences Fellow – Indian Society of Soil Science Member (1985-1996) - British Society of Soil Science Life member - Indian Science Congress Association Life member - Association of Rice Research Workers

ii) National/ International Awards/ citations/ recognitions: FAI Silver Jubilee Award of Excellence -1984 Recognition by the XV World Soil Science Congress -1994 Rafi Ahmed Kidwai Memorial Prize - 1995 Recognition Award of National Academy of Agricultural Sciences -2000 FAI Silver Jubilee Award of Excellence – 2001 IFA International Crop Nutrition Award (first runner up) – 2007 Vice-chair of Commission  3.3 (Soil Fertility and Plant Nutrition) of International Union

of Soil Sciences – 2008 Dr. N.S. Randhawa Memorial Award of the National Academy of Agricultural Sciences

– 2008 Professor Krishna Sahai Bilgrami Memorial Medal of the Indian National Science

Academy - 2009

Peer Recognition:

1. Member of the Editorial Board of Pedosphere –an international journal published by Published by Elsevier B.V. and Science Press.

2. Member of the Editorial Board of the international journal - Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment published by Elsevier Science B.V., Netherlands

3. Editors of the Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science published by the Indian society of Soil Science, New Delhi

4. Reviewer for Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, Agronomy Journal, Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science, Oryza, and Indian Journal of Ecolog, Pedosphere, Field Crops Research

5. Invited by the organizers of the XV World Soil Science Congress to speak on Fertilizer Use and Nitrate Pollution of Groundwater in Developing Countries (August 1994)

6. Invited by National Academy of Agricultural Sciences to sum up the situation regarding green manures in Northern India at the National Symposium on Plant Nutrient Needs,

Supply, Efficiency and Policy Issues: 2000-2025 held at CRIDA, Hyderabad (April 1996)

7. Invited to present a paper on Nitrogen use in agriculture and nitrate pollution of groundwater in the north western India at the International symposium on Agro-environmental Issues and Future Strategies: Towards 21st Century. University of Agriculture, May 25-30, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

8. Invited to present a paper on ‘Organic matter for lowland rice and upland wheat rotation systems in India at Workshop on Management of Soil Organic Matter for Sustainable Agriculture in Asia held at Ubon Ratchhathani, Thailand, August, 1994.

9. Invited to contribute an article on green manuring of rice in Advances in Agronomy in 1991- the first from Punjab Agricultural University and sixth from NARS in India.

10. Invited to present a lead paper on Potassium nutrition of rice-wheat cropping system at the International symposium on Importance of Potassium in Nutrient Management for Sustainable Crop production in India held in New Delhi, December 2001

11. Invited to present a lead paper on Environmental implications of nutrient use and crop management within rice-based ecosystems at the International Rice Congress 2002 held in Beijing, China in September 2002.

12. Invited to contribute a chapter on Potassium nutrition of rice-wheat cropping system in Advances in Agronomy (volume 81, 2004)

13. Invited to present a paper on Impact of rice-wheat cropping system on soil and water quality in the International Conference on Soil, Water and Environmental Quality - - Issues and Strategies organized by IUSS and ISSS at New Delhi in 2005

14. Invited to contribute a chapter on Crop residue management for nutrient cycling and improving soil productivity in rice-based cropping systems in the tropics in Advances in Agronomy (volume 85, 2005)

15. Co-convener of the session on ‘Management of residues and by-products’ at the 2nd International Rice Congress held at New Delhi, October 2006.

16. Invited to present a paper on reactive nitrogen in Indian agriculture at the 4th International Nitrogen Conference held at Costa do Sauipe, Brazil, October, 2007.

17. Invited to present a paper on Improving Nutrient Management in Rice in the Indo-Gangetic Plain in India - the role of IRRI/IRRC at Irrigated Rice Research Consortium steering Committee Meeting held at Hanoi, Vietnam, 8-10 October, 2007.

18. Invited to contribute a chapter on crop residue management in rice-based cropping systems in Advances in Agronomy (volume 98, 2008)

19. Invited to present a paper at the Regional Workshop for SAARC countries on – Nutrient Use Efficiency in Agriculture held at CSSRI, Karnal, September 9-11, 2009

20. Invited to convene a session and present a paper on site-specific nutrient management for improved nutrient use efficiency in rice and wheat based cropping systems at the Indian Society of Soil Science Platinum Jubilee symposium on Enhancing Nutrient and Water Use Efficiency for Improving Crop Productivity and Environmental Quality - New Dimensions held at IARI, New Delhi on December 23, 2009.

21. Member of the Scientific Committee of the International Conference on Soil Fertility and Soil Productivity - Two Features to be Distinguished, Differences of Efficiency of Soils for Land Uses, Expenditures and Returns, held at Berlin, 17 to 20 March, 2010.

22. Delivered 2nd Dr. Gurcharan Singh Sekhon Memorial lecture of the Indian Society of Soil Science at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana on 29 September, 2011.

23. Invited as keynote speaker in the session ‘Cropping Systems and Sustainable Management’ at the 10th International Conference of the East and Southeast Asia Federation of the soil Science Societies held at Colombo, Sri Lanka from 10-13 October, 2011. The keynote address was on ‘Need-based nitrogen management for sustainable high productivity and fertilizer use efficiency in agro-ecosystems’

24. Invited to present a paper on potassium imbalances in agro-ecosystems at the the International Symposium on Role of Potassium in sustaining the yield and its quality held at Kandy, Sri Lanka from 27-29 October, 2011

Significant Research Achievements:

Contributions on nitrogen balance in soil-plant systems have lead to better understanding for (i) enhancing nitrogen use efficiency in rice-wheat cropping system (ii) fertilizer nitrogen related environmental pollution, and (iii) integrated nutrient management. Initiated in early seventies, work on nitrate pollution of groundwater revealed that N fertilizers used as per recommended practices contributed very little to nitrate enrichment of groundwater. These findings along with work on heavy metals supported the cause of achieving sustainability in crop production systems through fertilizer usage.

Research on losses of N from soil-plant system has provided basis for enhancing fertilizer N use efficiency and avoiding possible pollution of the environment from fertilizers and helped in formulating more efficient fertilizer management practices for rice and wheat grown in coarse textured soils of north-western India where farmers apply large doses of N fertilizers. Recent work on scheduling fertilizer N to rice and wheat through need based fertilizer applications using leaf colour chart has provided a breakthrough in economizing fertilizer N usage.

Contributions in understanding the basic and applied aspects of integrated management of fertilizers, animal manures, green manures and crop residues have provided scientifically sound directions for achieving not only sustainable yields in rice-wheat system but also for

maintaining soil fertility for the future generations.

Employment history:

A. Job title: Assistant Soil Chemist (equivalent to Assistant Professor) in the All India Coordinated Agronomic Research Project of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. April 1976 to July 1979

Working with a team of soil scientists and agronomists planned and conducted several field experiments on efficient management of fertilizers and manures in crop rotations based on wheat, corn, rice and legumes. Major research activity revolved around studying the leaching of nitrate beyond the root zone of the crops grown in a fixed rotation and how nitrate leaching influenced groundwater pollution. Other important area of research was monitoring of soil quality parameters in plots of long-term field experiments based on different fixed crop rotations and receiving varying amounts of nutrients through fertilizers and organic manures.

B. Job title: Assistant Soil Chemist at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana in joint International Fertilizer Development Center (IFDC)/ICAR project - Fate and Efficiency of Experimental Nitrogen Fertilizer Sources in Rice/Wheat. July 1979 to June 1984

Along with Dr JC Katyal worked in close collaboration with IFDC scientists - - Drs PLG Vlek, ET Craswell and RJ Buresh to conduct field and laboratory experiments to study the efficiency and pathways of nitrogen applied as urea, ammonium sulphate, urea supergranules and urea treated with urease and nitrification inhibitors. Field experiments were conducted using 15N -labeled fertilizer materials. It was convincingly proved that supergranule urea was a poor alternative to ordinary urea for rice grown in non-traditional highly percolating soils and thus, as such this source was not introduced in north-western India. It was demonstrated that a breakthrough in increasing the use efficiency on urea can be achieved by imparting slow release characteristics in the granules of urea. In field experiments using 15N labeled fertilizers, it was proved that urea N applied to irrigated wheat grown in coarse textured soils was lost from the soil-plant system by ammonia volatilization rather than leaching and nitrification-denitrification. Confirming that urea N transported to a depth in the soil with irrigation water is protected from loss via ammonia volatilization, it was recommended that urea should be top dressed just before an irrigation event.

C. Job title: Visiting Commonwealth Research Scholar at AFRC Institute for Grassland and Animal Production, Hurley, Berkshire / the University of Reading, Reading, UK. January 1985 to January 1986

Worked with late Dr JC Ryden and Professor A.Wild and studied the interaction effects of soil organic matter and moisture on the rate of denitrification under field situations. Relationships between different forms of organic carbon readily available to denitrifiers and potential denitrification losses were also investigated for field moist and air dried soils under grassland and arable cropping.

D. Job title: Assistant Soil Chemist in the project Chemical, Physical and Biological Studies in Waterlogged Soils, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. July 1984 to December 1984 and January 1986 to July 1986

E. Job title: Soil Chemist (equivalent to Associate Professor) in the project Chemical, Physical and Biological Studies in Waterlogged Soils, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. July 1986 to July 1994

F. Job title: Senior Soil Chemist (equivalent to Professor) in the project Chemical, Physical and Biological Studies in Waterlogged Soils, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. July 1994 to May 2006

In the project - Chemical, Physical and Biological Studies in Waterlogged Soils duties include planning and conduct of field and laboratory experiments to find means and ways to efficiently manage nitrogen fertilizers and organic manures including green manures in rice based crop rotations. Dose, time, method of application and source of fertilizer and fate and efficiency of nitrogen applied to rice through bulky organic manures were studied during initial years. Transformations of nitrogen in submerged soils as these are related to fertilizer use efficiency and losses of N applied to wetland rice also constituted an important part of our investigations.

Our research has clearly demonstrated that green manuring offers an opportunity to achieve long-term sustainability in crop production systems by reducing external inputs and improving quality and quantity of internal resources. The finding that the yield of rice from N in green manure incorporated in amounts comparable to N supplied by urea equals or surpasses yields from urea should have far reaching positive effects on the adoption of green manures in the years to come; provide farmers can ensure sufficient accumulation of N by green manure crops.

On the basis of our work on green manuring in rice-wheat system and integrated use of organic manures and fertilizers, we could win in 1995 the most prestigious Rafi Ahmed Kidwai Memorial Prize of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research. An exhaustive review on green manuring of rice contributed in Advances in Agronomy was the first review ever published in the prestigious journal from the Punjab Agricultural University and sixth from India. A FAO Bulletin on green manuring for soil productivity improvement was also published in 1994.

In recent years, emphasis has been on sustainability and productivity issues related to nutrient management in rice-wheat system. Need based fertilizer N management is being worked out using chlorophyll meter. So as to ensure sustainability of the highly productive rice-wheat system, fate and efficiency of fertilizer nitrogen is being studies in conjunction with crop residue management. Field experiments using 15N labeled fertilizer were conducted in close collaboration with Dr. K.F. Bronson, Soil Fertility Specialist at International Rice Research Institute, Philippines to study fertilizer N management in crop residue amended soils under rice-wheat system. In collaboration with Drs. A. Dobermann and KF Bronson, resin capsules are being used to study the nutrient supplying capacity of soils in plots of long-term fertility experiments. During January/February 1998, worked as a consultant in Soils and Water Sciences Division of IRRI to write papers jointly with Drs. Dobermann and Bronson on these aspects.

Continuing the collaboration with IRRI, perfected the technology for real time nitrogen management in rice based on Leaf Color Chart in the Punjab, India. Presently, collaborating with Drs. R. Buresh , J.K. Ladha and V. Balasubramanian of IRRI to work on different aspects of sustainability of rice-wheat cropping system. In particular, emphasis is on efficient management of rice residues and nitrogen fertilizers in rice-wheat system. From 2003 onwards associated with PAU/CSIRO/NSW Agriculture ACIAR -funded bilateral research project entitled; 'Permanent raised beds for sustainable rice-wheat and alternative cropping systems in NW India and Australia' to work on simulation modeling aspects of the project. Recently initiated work on UDAID funded project: Accelerating the tillage revolution in the Indo-Ganges basin- Fostering adoption of resource conservation technologies to promote economic growth, resource conservation and food security- Part II: Green seeker sensors for efficient nitrogen management. This project involves calibration of Green Seeker sensor for managing nitrogen fertilizers on rice-wheat cropping systems.

G. Job Title: ICAR National Professor at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. May 2006 to May 2012

To work on the project entitled: Plant-need based nitrogen management in rice and Wheat to work out need based N management options using leaf colour chart and optical sensors. The project aims to work out strategies to enhance fertilizer nitrogen use efficiency in irrigated rice and wheat beyond that achieved through blanket fertilizer recommendations followed over large regions. The underlying philosophy in the project is to devise a combination of anticipatory (preventive) and responsive (during the growing season) decisions to apply fertilizer so as to achieve a congruence between crop uptake of nitrogen (determined by seasonal yield potential) from all sources which include fertilizer, soil, organic manures, residual effects of previously applied fertilizers and manures, crop residues and any atmospheric deposition. For in-season management of fertilizer nitrogen, crop-based approaches ranging from simple tools such as a leaf color chart (LCC) to chlorophyll meters (such as SPAD meter) and optical sensors (such as GreenSeeker hand-held optical sensor) are being used to deal with uncertainties in the prediction of the seasonal crop nitrogen demand as well as nitrogen supply from sources other than fertilizers so as to fine-tune both nitrogen rates and timing of fertilizer nitrogen applications.

Salient achievements from the project so far are:

Real-time nitrogen management in rice by monitoring leaf colour at 7- to 10-day intervals and applying fertilizer nitrogen whenever leaves are less greenish than leaf colour chart (LCC) shade 4 works very well in achieving high nitrogen use efficiency and yield.

Applying 30 kg N/ha at transplanting, 0, 30 or 45 kg N/ha at active tillering (21 DAT) and panicle initiation (42 DAT) for leaf colour to be ≥ LCC shade 5, ≥ LCC shade 4 but <LCC shade 5 or < LCC shade 4 and 30 kg N/ha at 60 DAT for leaf colour to be < LCC shade 4 is the best fixed-time adjustable dose nitrogen management strategy for rice.

Applying 30 kg N/ha at transplanting and following dynamic threshold approach using SPAD meter (90% sufficiency index – SPAD value of the test plot expressed as percentage of the SPAD value of the N rich plot) or LCC (0.5 unit less than N rich plot LCC value) for applying doses of 30 kg N/ha up to initiation of flowering in rice can take care of variability in cultivars in terms of leaf greenness

GreenSeeker optical sensor can be effectively employed to guide need based N applications at panicle initiation stage of rice when a prescriptive dose of 30 kg N/ha at transplanting and 45 kg N/ha at active tillering is applied.

A criterion for assessing whether wheat crop needs additional application of fertilizer nitrogen at maximum tillering stage has been developed. Leaf greenness less than 42.5 as measured with SPAD meter indicates that a significant response of wheat to fertilizer nitrogen can be expected.

A dose of 25 kg N/ha at planting of wheat (applied through diammonium phosphate to supply 26 kg P/ha) and 45 kg N/ha at first irrigation (crown root initiation stage) are the appropriate prescriptive fertilizer doses before applying a corrective fertilizer N dose of 30, 45 or 60 kg N/ha at 2nd irrigation as per SPAD meter values of the first fully opened leaf from the top to be: ≥42.5, 40 to <42.5 or <40, or LCC values to be: ≥ shade 4, between shade 3.5 to < shade 4 or < shade 3.5.

Fertilizer N use efficiency in wheat can be substantially enhanced by following Murdock or sufficiency index approaches which can very effectively take care of the effects of cultivar, season and other management practices on need based N management strategies. Applying a dose of 30 kg N/ha at planting of wheat and 45 kg N/ha at 1st irrigation (crown root initiation stage) are the appropriate prescriptive fertilizer doses before applying a corrective fertilizer N dose of 30, 45 or 60 kg N/ha at 2nd irrigation as per sufficiency index (SPAD value of the test plot expressed as percentage of SPAD value of the N rich plot) to be: ≥90%, between 85 to < 90% or < 85%, or leaf colour to be less than colour of the N rich plot by: 0.5 LCC unit, between 0.5 to 1 LCC unit or more than 1 LCC unit.

Application of 30 kg N/ha at planting and 45 kg N/ha at 1st irrigation before applying GreenSeeker guided fertilizer doses at 2nd irrigation is the best strategy for producing high wheat yields and improved nitrogen use efficiency.

G. Job Title: INSA Senior Scientist at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. May 2012 to date

Nature of this job is like a consultant. While working on decision support system for need based fertilizer management in wheat, writing reviews on fertilizer management related issues.

Projects developed/handled:

o Soil and water pollution from application of industrial wastes, city sewage, animal wastes and fertilizers to agricultural lands (1980-1983) funded by Indian Council of Agricultural Research.

o Gaseous losses of nitrogen through denitrification from soils under different cropping systems supported from US -India Fund (1991-1998).

o Evaluation of nitrogenous and phosphatic fertilizers in rice-wheat rotation supported by Rallis India Limited, New Delhi (1995-1998)

o Nitrogen management and simulation modeling for different water availability situations funded by National Agricultural Technology Project (NATP) of the World Bank.(1999-2003)

o Managing crop residues for healthy soils in rice ecosystems funded by BMZ, Germany through International Rice Research Institute, Philippines. (2003-2006)

o Accelerating the tillage revolution in the Indo-Ganges basin- Fostering adoption of resource conservation technologies to promote economic growth, resource conservation and food security- Part II: Green seeker sensors for efficient nitrogen management funded by USAID through Rice-Wheat Consortium of CIMMYT-India.

o Plant-need based nitrogen management in rice and wheat- funded by Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi under ICAR National Professor Scheme (2006-2012)

Membership of professional societies:

British society of Soil Science - 1985 to 1996 Indian Society of Soil Science - life member Indian Science Congress Association - life member Association of Rice Research Workers - life member

Languages:

Fluent in ENGLISH, HINDI and PUNJABI; working knowledge of URDU, can read GERMAN and RUSSIAN

PUBLICATIONS OF PROF. BIJAY-SINGH

REFEREED JOURNAL ARTICLES

1. Bijay-Singh and GS Sekhon (1973) Relative availability of phosphorus in nitric phosphate fertilizers in a calcareous soil. The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 43:781-785.

2. Bijay-Singh and GS Sekhon (1973) Relative availability of neutral ammonium acetate soluble phosphorus in nitric phosphate fertilizers. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 21:295-299.

3. Bijay-Singh, HS Hundal and GS Sekhon (1976) Evaluation of nitric phosphates differing in water solubility of their phosphorus fraction. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 87:325-330. DOI: 10.1017/S0021859600027611

4. Bijay-Singh and GS Sekhon (1976) Some measures of reducing leaching losses of nitrates beyond potential rooting zone I. Proper co-ordination of nitrogen splitting with water management. Plant and Soil 44:193-200. DOI: 10.1007/BF00016966

5. Bijay-Singh and GS Sekhon (1976) Some measures of reducing leaching loss of nitrates beyond potential rooting zone II. Balanced fertilization. Plant and Soil 44:391-395. (Reprinted in English, French, German and Spanish in Potash Review, Section 6, 41st Suite, No 2/1977). DOI: 10.1007/BF00015890

6. Bijay-Singh and GS Sekhon (1976) Nitrate pollution of ground water from nitrogen fertilizers and animal wastes in the Punjab, India. Agriculture and Environment 3:57-67. doi:10.1016/0304-1131(76)90007-2

7. Bijay-Singh and GS Sekhon (1977) Some measures of reducing leaching loss of nitrates beyond potential rooting zone III. Proper crop rotation. Plant and Soil 47:585-591. DOI: 10.1007/BF00011028.

8. Bijay-Singh and GS Sekhon (1977) Adsorption, desorption and solubility relationships of lead and cadmium in some alkaline soils. Journal of Soil Science 28:271-275. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2389.1977.tb02235.x

9. Bijay-Singh and GS Sekhon (1977) The effect of soil properties on adsorption and desorption of zinc by alkaline soils. Soil Science 124:366-369.

10. Bijay-Singh and GS Sekhon (1977) Leaching of potassium in illitic soil profiles under different crop rotations. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 25:394-397.

11. Bijay-Singh, DS Rana and GS Sekhon (1978) Some measures of reducing leaching

loss of nitrates beyond potential rooting zone IV. Intercropping. Plant and Soil 49:633-639. DOI: 10.1007/BF02183287

12. Bijay-Singh, KN Sharma and DS Rana (1978) The quantity- intensity relations of potassium in soils from plots having nine fixed crop rotations for six years. Plant and Soil 50:363-370. DOI: 10.1007/BF02107185

13. Bijay-Singh and GS Sekhon (1978) Leaching of nitrate in calcareous soils as influenced by its adsorption on calcium carbonate. Geoderma 20:271-279.

14. Bijay-Singh, CR Biswas and GS Sekhon (1978) A rational approach for optimizing application rates of fertilizer nitrogen to reduce potential nitrate pollution of natural waters. Agriculture and Environment 4:57-64. doi:10.1016/0304-1131(78)90006-1 

15. Bijay-Singh and GS Sekhon (1978) Leaching of potassium in illitic soil profiles as influenced by long-term application of inorganic fertilizers. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 91:237-240.

16. Sharma KN, Bijay-Singh, DS Rana and ML Kapur (1978) Probability analysis for estimating the variability in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents of farmyard manures. The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 48:718-722.

17. Bijay-Singh, KN Sharma, DS Rana and ML Kapur (1979) Effect of applying farmyard manure to wheat-maize rotation on the distribution of nitrate nitrogen in soil profiles. Journal of Research, Punjab Agricultural University 16:150-154.

18. Sharma KN, Bijay-Singh and DS Rana (1980) Fertility status of a Tolewal loamy sand after six years of its use under nine multiple cropping systems. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 28:173-177.

19. Kapur ML, GS Sekhon and Bijay-Singh (1982) Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrition of maize and wheat from the surface and subsurface soil layers. Indian Journal of Ecology 9:264-269.

20. Kapur ML, Bijay-Singh, AL Bhandari, DS Rana and JS Sodhi (1982) Relative performance of three dwarf wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties as affected by fertilizer nitrogen level and time of sowing. Journal of Research, Punjab Agricultural University 19:207-210.

21. Bijay-Singh and GS Sekhon (1982) The influence of different moisture regimes on leaching of nitrate in soil columns. Polish Journal of Soil Science 15:129-135.

22. Rana DS, Bijay-Singh, KN Sharma, ML Kapur and JS Sodhi (1983) Long term effects of nine different multiple cropping systems on some soil properties of a Tolewal loamy sand (Typic ustochrept). The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 53:690-694.

23. Bijay-Singh, KN Sharma, DS Rana, JS Sodhi and ML Kapur (1983) Available phosphorus and potassium and soil organic matter contents as influenced by long term application of fertilizers and farmyard manure to wheat-maize rotation. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 31:491-494.

24. Bijay-Singh and GS Sekhon (1983) Leaching of zinc, lead and cadmium in columns of calcareous soils. Zeitschrift für Pflanzenernaehr und Bodenkunde 146:531-538.

25. Bijay-Singh, DS Rana, ML Kapur, KN Sharma and AL Bhandari (1983) Evaluation of farmyard manure applied along with fertilizers to maize (Zea mays L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Indian Journal of Agronomy 28:285-289.

26. Kapur ML, DS Rana, KN Sharma, Bijay-Singh and JS Sodhi (1983) Nitrogen requirements of rainfed wheat. Indian Journal of Ecology 10:232-236.

27. Rana DS, Bijay-Singh, ML Kapur and AL Bhandari (1984) Relative efficiency of new urea based nitrogen fertilizers for rice grown in a light textured soil. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 32:284-287.

28. Kapur ML, DS Rana, Bijay-Singh and KN Sharma (1984) Response of maize and wheat to potassium application in soils differing in available potassium status. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 32:442-444.

29. Sharma KN, Bijay-Singh, DS Rana, ML Kapur and JS Sodhi (1984) Changes in soil fertility status as influenced by continuous cropping and fertilizer application. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 102:215-218.

30. Azad AS, BR Arora, Bijay-Singh and GS Sekhon (1984) Nature and extent of heavy metal pollution from industrial units in Ludhiana. Indian Journal of Ecology 11:1-5.

31. Kapur ML, JS Sodhi, Bijay-Singh and DS Rana (1984) Fertilizer responses of rainfed raya (Brassica juncea) in cultivators' fields. Journal of Research, Punjab Agricultural University 21:509-513.

32. Bijay-Singh, BD Sharma and JC Katyal (1984) Effect of soil moisture regimes and application of zinc on the soil solution chemistry of zinc and copper in an alluvial soil. Indian Journal of Plant Nutrition 3:27-37.

33. Katyal JC, Bijay-Singh and ET Craswell (1984) Fate and efficiency of urea supergranules applied to a high percolating rice growing soil. In: Nitrogen in Soils, Crops and Fertilizers, Bulletin No. 13, pp. 229-237, Indian Society of Soil Science, New Delhi, India.

34. Bijay-Singh, ML Kapur, KN Sharma and DS Rana (1985) Comparative efficiency of urea briquettes, neem cake coated urea briquettes and sulphur coated urea as sources

of nitrogen for bread wheat. Journal of Research, Punjab Agricultural University 22:12-16.

35. Arora BR, AS Azad, Bijay-Singh and GS Sekhon (1985) Pollution potential of municipal waste waters of Ludhiana, Punjab. Indian Journal of Ecology 12:1-7.

36. Rana DS, PS Deol, KN Sharma, Bijay-Singh, AL Bhandari and JS Sodhi (1985) Interaction effect of native soil fertility and fertilizer application on yield of paddy and wheat. Journal of Research, Punjab Agricultural University 22:431-436.

37. Katyal JC, Bijay-Singh, PLG Vlek and ET Craswell (1985) Fate and efficiency of nitrogen fertilizers applied to wetland rice II. Punjab, India. Fertilizer Research 6:279-290.

38. Katyal JC, Bijay-Singh, VK Sharma and ET Craswell (1985) Efficiency of some modified urea fertilizers for wetland rice grown on a permeable soil. Fertilizer Research 8:137-146.

39. Katyal JC, Bijay-Singh and VK Sharma (1985) Evaluation of two rapid and economical digestion/extraction procedures for estimating macro- and micronutrients in plant samples. Indian Journal of Plant Nutrition 4:47-53.

40. Bijay-Singh, JC Katyal, PK Malhotra and PLG Vlek (1986) Path coefficient analysis of N nutrition on yield and yield components for rice in a highly percolating soil. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 17:853-867.

41. Rana DS, ML Kapur, KN Sharma and Bijay-Singh (1986) Fertilizer management in maize-wheat cropping sequence. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research 20:81-84.

42. Katyal JC, Bijay-Singh, PLG Vlek and RJ Buresh (1987) Efficient nitrogen use as affected by urea application and irrigation sequence. Soil Science Society of America Journal 51:366-370.

43. Bijay-Singh and JC Katyal (1987) Relative efficacy of some new urea-based nitrogen fertilizers for growing wetland rice on a permeable alluvial soil. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 109:27-31.

44. Inderpal-Singh, Bijay-Singh and HS Bal (1987) Indiscriminate fertilizer use vis-a-vis groundwater pollution in central Punjab. Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics 42:404-409.

45. Sadana US and Bijay-Singh (1987) Yield and uptake of cadmium, lead and zinc by wheat grown in a soil polluted with heavy metals. Journal of Plant Sciences Research 3:11-17.

46. Azad AS, BR Arora, Bijay-Singh and GS Sekhon (1987) Effect of sewage waste

waters on some soil properties. Indian Journal of Ecology 14:7-13.

47. Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, MS Maskina and OP Meelu (1988) Effect of organic manures, crop residues and green manure (Sesbania aculeata) on nitrogen and phosphorus transformations in a sandy loam at field capacity and waterlogged conditions. Biology and Fertility of Soils 6:183-187.

48. Bijay-Singh, JC Ryden and DC Whitehead (1988) Some relationships between denitrification potential and fractions of organic carbon in air-dried and field moist soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 20:737-741.

49. Katyal JC, Bijay-Singh and PLG Vlek (1988) Effect of granule size and placement geometry on efficiency of urea supergranules for wetland rice grown on a permeable soil. Fertilizer Research 15:193-201.

50. Maskina MS, Yadvinder-Singh and Bijay-Singh (1988) Response of wetland rice to fertilizer N in soil amended with cattle, poultry and pig manures. Biological Wastes 26:1-8.

51. Kapur ML, GS Sekhon and Bijay-Singh (1988) Contribution of surface and subsurface soil layers to the nutrition of pearl millet (Pennisetum typhoides). Indian Journal of Ecology 15:43-47.

52. Maskina MS, Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh, HS Baddesha and OP Meelu (1988) Fertilizer requirement of rice-wheat and maize-wheat rotations on coarse textured soils amended with farmyard manure. Fertilizer Research 17:153-164.

53. Sharma BD, Yadvinder-Singh and Bijay-Singh (1988) Effect of time of application on the effectiveness of zinc sulphate and zinc oxide as sources of zinc for wheat. Fertilizer Research 17:147-152.

54. Bijay-Singh, JC Ryden and DC Whitehead (1989) Denitrification potential and actual rates of denitrification in soils under long-term grassland and arable cropping. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 21:897-901.

55. Maskina MS, Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh and OP Meelu (1989) Integrated N management with green manures in rice-wheat system. Oryza 26: 358-362.

56. Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh, CS Khind and OP Meelu (1991) Leaching losses of urea-N applied to permeable soils under wetland rice. Fertilizer Research 28: 179-184.

57. Sharma BD, S Kar and Bijay-Singh (1991) Simulation of nitrate flux into the root and uptake of nitrogen by wheat grown under different levels of fertilizer and irrigation. The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 61: 765-770.

58. Chhillar JK, BR Arora and Bijay-Singh (1991) Influence of soil water regime on P

nutrition of rice and wheat. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil science 39:625-629.

59. Bhupinderpal-Singh, Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (1992) Urease activity and kinetics of urea hydrolysis in some soils from semi-arid regions of north-western India. Arid Soil Research and Rehabilitation 6:21-32.

60. Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh, US Sadana and OP Meelu (1992) Effect of organic amendments and moisture regimes on the kinetics of micronutrients in a calcareous sandy loam soil. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 40:114-118.

61. Maskina MS, Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (1992) Response of rice cultivars to N application under wetland conditions. Oryza 29: 317-321.

62. Bhupinderpal-Singh, Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (1993). Potential and kinetics of nitrification in soils from semiarid regions of northwestern India. Arid Soil Research and Rehabilitation 7:39-50.

63. Azad AS, Bijay-singh and Yadvinder-Singh (1993) Response of wheat to graded doses of N, P and K in soils testing low, medium and high with respect to P and K in Gurdaspur district of Punjab. Journal of Potassium Research 9:266-270.

64. Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, TS Khera and OP Meelu (1994) Integrated management of green manure, farmyard manure and nitrogen fertilizer in a rice-wheat rotation in northwestern India. Arid Soil Research and Rehabilitation 8:199-205.

65. Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, Maskina MS and Meelu OP (1995) Response of wetland rice to nitrogen from dairy cattle manure and urea in a rice-wheat rotation. Tropical Agriculture (Trinidad) 72:91-96.

66. Aulakh MS, Kuldip-Singh, Bijay-Singh and JW Doran (1996) Kinetics of nitrification under upland and flooded soils of varying texture. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 27:2079-2089.

67. Kuldip-Singh, MS Aulakh, Bijay-Singh and JW Doran (1996) Effect of soil pH on kinetics of nitrification in semi-arid subtropical soils under upland and flooded conditions. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 44:378-381.

68. Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh, M.S. Maskina and OP Meelu (1997) The value of poultry manure for wetland rice grown in rotation with wheat. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 47:243-250.

69. Gill JS, Bijay-Singh, CS Khind and Yadvinder-Singh (1999) Efficiency of N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide in retarding hydrolysis of urea and ammonia volatilization losses in a flooded sandy loam soil amended with organic materials. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 53:203-207.

70. Grewal JPS, Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, Anshujit Virk and CS Khind (1999) Effect of source and nest size of N fertilizers and temperature on nitrification in a coarse textured alkaline soil. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 54:199-207.

71. Yadvinder-Singh, A Dobermann, Bijay-Singh, KF Bronson, and CS Khind (2000) Optimal phosphorus management strategies for wheat-rice cropping on a loamy sand. Soil Science Society of America Journal 64(4):1413-1422.

72. Dawe D, A Dobermann, P Moya, S Abdulrachman, Bijay-Singh, P Lal, SY Li, B Lin, G Panaullah, O Sariam, Y Singh, A Swarup, PS Tan, Q-X Zhen (2000) How widespread are yield declines in long-term rice experiments in Asia? Field Crops Research 66: 175-193.

73. Hussain F, KF Bronson, Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh and S Peng (2000) Use of well-fertilized reference plots for chlorophyll meter-based nitrogen management in irrigated rice. Agronomy Journal 92:875-879.

74. Aulakh MS, TS Khera, JW Doran, Kuldip-Singh and Bijay-Singh (2000) Yields and nitrogen dynamics in a rice-wheat system using green manure and inorganic fertilizers. Soil Science Society of America Journal 64(5): 1867-1875.

75. Bijay-Singh, KF Bronson, Yadvinder-Singh, TS Khera, and E Pasuquin. (2001) Nitrogen- 15 balance as affected by rice straw management in a rice-wheat rotation in northwest India. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 59:227-237.

76. Bronson, KF, EB Abao Jr., Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh, Y Singh, GM Panaullah, and AP Regmi (2001) Predicting potential anaerobic nitrogen mineralization of rice-rice and rice-wheat soils of Asia. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 32: 2411-2424.

77. Pannu RPS, Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh and CS Khind (2001) Long-term effects of organic materials on depth wise distribution of different K fractions in soil profile under rice-wheat cropping system. Journal of Potassium Research 17:34-38.

78. Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh, JK Ladha, KF Bronson, V Balasubramanian, Jagdeep-Singh, and CS Khind (2002) Chlorophyll meter and leaf color chart-based nitrogen management for rice and wheat in northwestern India. Agronomy Journal 94:821-829.

79. Pannu, RPS, Yadvinder-Singh, and Bijay-Singh (2002) Effect of long-term application of organic materials on quantity-intensity (Q/I) relationships of potassium in the soils under rice-wheat cropping system. Journal of Potassium Research 18: 6-12.

80. Pathak, H, JK Ladha, PK Aggarwal, S Peng, S Das, Yadvinder Singh, Bijay Singh, SK Kamra, B Mishra, ASRAS Sastri, HP Aggarwal, DK Das and RK Gupta (2003) Trends of climatic potential and on-farm yields of rice and wheat in the Indo-Gangetic Plains. Field Crops Research 80: 223-234.

81. Arora, A, Bijay-Singh, Dhiraj Sud, T Srivastava and CL Arora (2003) Inhibition of

nitrification in soil by metal diethyldithiocarbamates. Journal of Environmental Sciences 15: 607-610.

82. Arora, A. Bijay Singh, Dhiraj Sud, T. Srivastava and C.L. Arora (2003) Study on metal dimethyldithiocarbamates as soil nitrification retardants. Pollution Research 22: 349-352.

83. Ladha, JK, D Dawe, H Pathak, AT Padre, RL Yadav, Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh, Y Singh, P Singh, AL Kundu, R Sakal, N Ram, AP Regmi, SK Gami, AL Bhandari, R Amin, CR Yadav, EM Bhattarai, S Das, HP Aggarwal, RK Gupta and PR Hobbs (2003) How extensive are yield declines in long-term rice-wheat experiments in Asia? Field Crops Research 81: 159-180.

84. Bijay Singh, Anshujit Virk, Yadvinder Singh and C.S. Khind (2003) Nitrogen

mineralization potential of rice-wheat soils amended with organic manures and crop residues. SAARC Journal of Agricultural 1: 117-125.

85. Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, JK Ladha, CS Khind, RK Gupta, OP Meelu, and E Pasuquin. (2004) Long-term effects of organic inputs on yield and soil fertility in the rice–wheat rotation. Soil Science Society of America Journal 68: 845-853.

86. Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, JK Ladha, CS Khind, TS Khera, and CS Bueno (2004) Effects of residue decomposition on productivity and soil fertility in rice–wheat rotation. Soil Science Society of America Journal 68: 854-864.

87. Varinderpal Singh, Bijay Singh, Yadvinder Singh and OP Meelu (2004) Profile distribution and leaching losses of nitrogen applied to sandy loam and clay loam soils under upland and wetland moisture regimes. SAARC Journal of Agriculture 2: 221-233.

88. Yadvinder-Singh, RPS Pannu, Bijay-Singh and CS Khind (2005) Leaching of potassium from organic manures, crop residues and inorganic fertilizers in two soils under flooded and upland moisture regimes. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 53: 207-213.

89. SS Sooch, BS Kapoor, Bijay Singh and NS Grewal (2005) Prediction of nitrate pollution of ground water – A case study. Indian Journal of Environment and Ecoplaning 10: 357-363.

90. RK Gupta, KN Sharma, Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh and BR Arora (2005) Effect of urea and manure addition on changes in mineral-N content in soil profile at various growth stages of wheat. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 53: 74-80.

91. Dhaliwal AK, RK Gupta, Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh (2006) Potassium fixation and release characteristics of some bench mark soil series under rice-wheat cropping

system in the Indo-Gangetic Plains of northwestern India. Communication in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 37: 827-845.

92. Nayyar A, Bijay-Singh, and Yadvinder-Singh (2006) Nitrogen-supplying capacity of soils for rice and wheat and nitrogen availability indices in soils of Northwest India. Communication in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 37: 961-976.

93. Bijay-Singh, RK Gupta, Yadvinder-Singh, SK Gupta, Jagmohan Singh, JS Bains, and Monika Vashistha (2006) Need-based nitrogen management using leaf color chart in wet direct-seeded rice in northwestern India. Journal of New Seeds 8: 35-48.

94. Varinderpal Singh, Yadvinder Singh, Bijay Singh and OP Meelu. (2006) Distribution and leaching losses of applied urea-N in sandy loam and clay loam soils under wetland and upland moisture regimes. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 54: 185-192.

95. Amgain LP, NR Devkota, J Timsina and Bijay-Singh (2006) Effect of climate change and CO2 concentration on growth and yield of rice and wheat in Punjab: Simulations using CSM-CERES-RICE and CSM-CERES-WHEAT models. Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Sciences 27:103-110.

96. Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, JK Ladha, JS Bains, RK Gupta, Jagmohan Singh and V Balasubramanian (2007) On-farm evaluation of leaf color chart for need-based nitrogen management in irrigated transplanted rice in northwestern India. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 78:167-176.

97. Gupta RK, Yadvinder-Singh, JK Ladha, Bijay-Singh, Jagmohan Singh, Gurpreet Singh and H Pathak (2007) Phosphorus transformations and yield responses with crop residue and phosphorus management in a rice-wheat system in India. Soil Science Society of America Journal 71:1500-1507.

98. Khurana HS, SB Phillips, Bijay-Singh, A Dobermann, AS Sidhu, Yadvinder-Singh and S Peng (2007) Performance of site-specific nutrient management for irrigated, transplanted rice in Northwest India. Agronomy Journal 99: 1436-1447.

99. Varinderpal-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, Baldev-Singh, RK Gupta, Jagmohan-Singh, JK Ladha, V Balasubramanian (2007) Performance of site specific nitrogen management for irrigated transplanted rice in northwestern India. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 53:567-579.

100. Yadvinder-Singh, RK Gupta, Bijay-Singh and S Gupta (2007) Efficient management of fertilizer nitrogen in wet direct seeded rice (Oryza sativa) in Northwest India. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 77(9): 561-564.

101. Arora VK, Harbakhshinder Singh and Bijay-Singh (2007) Analyzing wheat productivity responses to climatic, irrigation and fertilizer-nitrogen regimes in a semi-

arid sub-tropical environment using the CERES-Wheat model. Agricultural Water Management 94: 22-30.

102. Thuy NH, Y Shan, Bijay-Singh, K Wang, Z Cai, Yadvinder-Singh and RJ Buresh (2008) Nitrogen supply in rice-based cropping systems as affected by crop residue management. Soil Science Society of America Journal 72:514-523.

103. Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, R. K. Gupta, J. K. Ladha, J. S. Bains and Jagmohan Singh (2008) Evaluation of press mud cake as a source of nitrogen and phosphorus for rice–wheat cropping system in the Indo-Gangetic plains of India. Biology and Fertility of Soils 44:755-762.

104. Khurana HS, SB Phillips, Bijay-Singh, MM Alley, A Dobermann, AS Sidhu, Yadvinder-Singh, and S Peng (2008) Agronomic and economic evaluation of site-specific nutrient management for irrigated wheat in northwest India. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 82: 15-31.

105. Joginder Kaur, OP Choudhary, and Bijay Singh (2008) Microbial biomass carbon and some physical and chemical soil properties as influenced by long-term sodic-water irrigation, gypsum and organic amendments. Australian Journal of Soil Research 46: 141-151.

106. Timsina J, D Godwin, E Humphreys, Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, SS Kukal, and D Smith (2008) Evaluation of options for increasing yield and water productivity of wheat in Punjab, India using the DSSAT-CSM-CERES-Wheat model. Agricultural Water Management 95: 1099-1110.

107. Sharma BD, Raj Kumar, Bijay Singh and M Sethi (2008) Micronutrients distribution in salt-affected soils of the Punjab in relation to soil properties. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 55:367–377

108. Yadvinder-Singh, RK Gupta, Gurpreet-Singh, Jagmohan-Singh, HS Sidhu and Bijay-Singh (2009) Nitrogen and residue management effects on agronomic productivity and nitrogen use efficiency in rice-wheat system in Indian Punjab. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 84:141-154.

109. Khurana HS, Ajmer Sidhu, Bijay Singh and Yadvinder Singh (2009) Performance of site-specific nutrient management in a rice-wheat cropping system. The Proceedings of the International Plant Nutrition Colloquium XVI. http://repositories.cdlib.org/ipnc/xvi/1338

110. Yadvinder-Singh, RK Gupta, HS Thind, Bijay-Singh, Varinderpal-Singh, Gurpreet-Singh, Jagmohan-Singh and JK Ladha (2009) Poultry litter as a nitrogen and phosphorous source for the rice–wheat cropping system. Biology and Fertility of Soils 45:701-710.

111. Sharma BD, Raj Kumar, Bijay Singh and M Sethi (2009) Micronutrients distribution in salt-affected soils of the Punjab in relation to soil properties. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 55:367–377.

112. Thind HS, Bijay-Singh, RPS Pannu, Yadvinder-Singh, Varinderpal-Singh, RK Gupta, Monika Vashistha, Jagmohan Singh, Ajay Kumar (2010) Relative performance of neem (Azadirachta indica) coated urea vis-a-vis ordinary urea applied to rice on the basis of soil test or following need based nitrogen management using leaf colour chart. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems. 87:1-8.

113. Bijay Singh and Yadvinder Singh (2010) Significance of nutrient ratios in NPK fertilisation in rice-wheat cropping system in Indo-Gangetic plains of India. Indian Journal of Fertilisers 6(10): 44-50.

114. Thind HS, Bijay-Singh, RPS Pannu, Yadvinder-Singh, Varinderpal-Singh, RK Gupta, Gobinder Singh, Ajay Kumar, Monika Vashistha (2010) Managing neem (Azadirachta indica) coated urea and ordinary urea in wheat (Trirticum aestivum) for improving nitrogen use efficiency and high yields. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 80:960-964.

115. Bijay-Singh, RK Sharma, Jaspreet Kaur, ML Jat, KL Martin, Yadvinder-Singh, Varinderpal-Singh, Parvesh Chandna, OP Choudhary, RK Gupta, HS Thind, Jagmohan Singh, HS Uppal, HS Khurana, Ajay Kumar, RK Uppal, Monika Vashistha, WR Raun and Raj Gupta (2010) Assessment of the nitrogen management strategy using an optical sensor for irrigated wheat. Agronomy for Sustainable Development 31:589-603. doi 10.1007/s13593-011-0005-5.

116. Varinderpal-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, HS Thind, Ajay Kumar and Monika Vashistha (2011) Calibrating the leaf colour chart for need based fertilizer nitrogen management in different maize (Zea mays L) genotypes. Field Crops Research 120:276-282. doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2010.10.014.

117. Choudhary OP, BS Ghuman, Bijay-Singh, N Thuy and RJ Buresh (2011) Effects of long-term use of sodic water irrigation, amendments and crop residues on soil properties and crop yields in rice–wheat cropping system in a calcareous soil. Field Crops Research 121: 363-372. doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2011.01.004

118. Bijay-Singh, Varinderpal-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh, HS Thind, Ajay Kumar, R.K. Gupta, Amit Kaul and Monika Vashistha (2012) Fixed-time adjustable dose site-specific fertilizer nitrogen management in transplanted irrigated rice (Oryza sativa L.) in South Asia. Field Crops Research 126:63-69. doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2011.09.007

119. Gupta RK, Varinderpal-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, HS Thind, Ajay Kumar and Monika Vashistha (2011) Need-based fertilizer nitrogen management using leaf colour chart in hybrid rice (Oryza sativa). Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 81: 1153-1157.

120. Varinderpal-Singh, Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh, H.S. Thind, Gobinder-Singh, Satwinderjit-Kaur, Ajay Kumar, Monika Vashistha (2012) Establishment of threshold leaf colour greenness for need-based fertilizer nitrogen management in irrigated wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using leaf colour chart. Field Crops Research 130:109-119. doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2012.02.005

121. Thind HS, Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, Varinderpal-Singh, Sandeep Sharma, Monika Vashistha, Gobinder Singh (2012) Land application of rice husk ash, bagasse ash and coal fly ash: Effects on crop productivity and nutrient uptake in rice–wheat system on an alkaline loamy sand. Field Crops Research 155:137-144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2012.07.012

122. Bijay-Singh and Varinderpal-Singh (2012) Productivity and fertility of soils in the Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 58: S33–S40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2012.693600

123. Bijay-Singh, Varinderpal-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh, Thind, H. S., Ajay-Kumar, Satinderpal-Singh, Choudhary, O.P., Gupta, R.K., and Vashistha, M. (2013). Supplementing fertilizer nitrogen application to irrigated wheat at maximum tillering stage using chlorophyll meter and optical sensor. Agric. Res. 2, 81-89.

SHORT RESEARCH PAPERS

124. Bijay-Singh, KN Sharma, ML Kapur, JS Sodhi and DS Rana (1981) Quantity-intensity relations of potassium and response of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to potash fertilizers in illitic soils. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 29:264-265.

125. Kapur ML, Bhajan-Singh, Bijay-Singh and GS Sekhon (1983) Forms of solid phase phosphates governing the solubility of phosphorus in a calcareous soil. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 31:122-123.

126. Sharma KN, Bijay-Singh and DS Rana (1986) The use of soil solution K value for assessing the K status of soil during a rotation of crops. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 107:223-225.

127. Maskina MS, Yadvinder-Singh and Bijay-Singh (1987) Wheat straw management in rice on a coarse textured soil. International Rice Research Newsletter 12(2):40.

128. Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, MS Maskina and CS Khind (1987) Applying nitrogen

with sesbania. International Rice Research Newsletter 12(3):49.

129. Maskina MS, Yadvinder-Singh and Bijay-Singh (1987) Response of new rice varieties to N. International Rice Research Newsletter 12(4):8-9.

130. Maskina MS, Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (1987) Effect of transplanting date and N application on yield. International Rice Research Newsletter 12(4):52.

131. Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh and MS Maskina (1987) Efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer and a nitrification inhibitor. International Rice Research Newsletter 12(4):55-56.

132. Sadana US and Bijay-Singh (1987) Effect of zinc application on yield and cadmium content of spinach (Spinacea oleracea L.) grown in a cadmium polluted soil. Annals of Biology 3:59-60.

133. Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, MS Maskina and OP Meelu (1987) Availability to wetland rice of nitrogen from cattle manure. International Rice Research Newsletter 12(6):35-36.

134. Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh, MS Maskina and OP Meelu (1987) Poultry manure as a N source for wetland rice. International Rice Research Newsletter 12(6):37-38.

135. Maskina MS, Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (1987) Effect of an interim summer crop in a rice-wheat rotation. International Rice Research Newsletter 12(6):38-39.

136. Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh, MS Maskina and OP Meelu (1988) Green manure as N source for flooded rice. International Rice Research Newsletter 13(4):25-26.

137. Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, CS Khind and OP Meelu (1988) Response of flooded rice to green manure. International Rice Research Newsletter 13(4):23-24.

138. Sadana US and Bijay-Singh (1989) Effect of cadmium-zinc interaction on yield and cadmium and zinc content of maize (Zea mays L.). Current Science 58:194-196.

139. Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, OP Meelu and MS Maskina (1990) Nitrogen equivalence of green manure for wetland rice on coarse textured soils. International Rice Research Newsletter 15(1):23.

140. Maskina MS, Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (1990) Legume residue incorporation and wetland rice yield. International Rice Research Newsletter 15(2): 34-35.

141. Khind CS, Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh and MS Bajwa (1990) Nitrogen loss by ammonia volatilization from urea and ammonium chloride in flooded soil. International Rice Research Newsletter 15(4): 19-20.

142. Katyal JC and Bijay-Singh (1991) Effect of soil moisture on boron availability and uptake. International Rice Research Newsletter 16(2):16-17.

143. Bijay-Singh, US Sadana and BR Arora (1991) Nitrate pollution of ground water with increasing use of nitrogen fertilizers in Punjab, India. Indian Journal of Environmental

Health 33: 516-518

144. Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh, MS Maskina and OP Meelu (1991) Effect of source and time of N application on N uptake at different growth stages of wetland rice. Oryza 28:403-405.

145. Bijay-Singh and US Sadana (1992) Yield and heavy metal content of maize grown in soil polluted with cadmium, lead and zinc. International Journal of Environmental Studies 41:183-184.

146. Katyal JC and Bijay-Singh (1992) Availability of boron in the soil and its uptake by rice as influenced by soil moisture regimes. Oryza 29:384-387.

147. Kuldip-Kumar, OP Meelu, Yadvinder-Singh and Bijay-Singh (1992) Effect of continuous application of organic manure on the physical properties of soil in a rice-wheat cropping system. International Rice Research Newsletter 17(4):16-17.

148. Kumar K, OP Meelu, Yadvinder-Singh and Bijay-Singh. (1993) Using single-site augering to determine root distribution of rice. International Rice Research Notes 18(4):39-40.

149. Rachhpal-Singh, Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (1993) Spatial variability of some properties of a Typic Ustochrept soil in the semiarid region of northwestern India. Arid Soil Research and Rehabilitation 7:197-201.

150. Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh and KF Bronson (1997) Use of chlorophyll meter in nitrogen management of subtropical wheat following rice. International Rice Research Notes 22(3): 37

151. Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh, Khera, T.S., Khind, C.S. and Nayyar, R. 1998. Evaluation of P sources in rice-wheat cropping system. International Rice Research Notes 23:22

152. Gill JS, CS Khind, Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (1998) Ammonia volatilization under flooded conditions as affected by urease activity of soils amended with crop residues on long-term basis. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 46:448-450.

153. Yadvinder-Singh, JPS Grewal, Bijay-Singh, and CS Khind (2000) Effect of temperature on nitrification in sandy loam Typic Ustipsamment. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 48:418-420.

154. Yadvinder-Singh, JPS Grewal, Bijay-Singh, and CS Khind (2000) Effect of N-fertilizer sources on nitrification in different soils of Punjab. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 48:602-604.

155. Yadvinder-Singh, JPS Grewal, Bijay-Singh, and CS Khind (2001) Effect of soil

moisture on nitrification in a sandy loam soil. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 49:342-344.

156. Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh, GS Sodhi, RK Gupta, CS Khind , JK Ladha and V Balasubramanian (2003) Chlorophyll meter based nitrogen management for rice grown in soils amended with organic manures. International Rice Research Notes 28(1): 12-13.

157. Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, RK Gupta, CS Khind and JK Ladha (2003) Managing pressmud cake for nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition of crops in a rice-wheat rotation. International Rice Research Notes 28(1): 7-9.

158. Thind HS, Bijay-Singh, RPS Pannu, Yadvinder-Singh, Varinderpal-Singh, RK Gupta, Monika Vashistha, Jagmohan Singh, Ajay Kumar (2009) Performance of neem coated urea vis-à-vis ordinary urea applied to irrigated transplanted rice in northwestern India. International Rice Research Notes 34:1-3.

SCIENTIFIC REVIEWS

159. Bijay-Singh and GS Sekhon (1977) The impact of fertilizer use on environmental pollution in Punjab - Present status and future projections. Fertiliser News 23(2):7-11.

160. Bijay-Singh and GS Sekhon (1979) Nitrate pollution of groundwater from farm use of nitrogen fertilizers - A review. Agriculture and Environment 4:207-225.

161. Bijay-Singh and JC Katyal (1980) Fertilizer nitrogen recovery of rice - 15N field studies (a short review). Journal of Nuclear Agriculture and Biology 9 : 132-134.

162. Bijay-Singh and US Sadana (1987) Behaviour of toxic elements in the soil-plant system and associated hazards in intensive agriculture. Annals of Biology 3: 1-14.

163. Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, MS Maskina and OP Meelu (1989) Management of fertilizer nitrogen for wetland rice in the Punjab. Agricultural Reviews 10: 136-152.

164. Meelu OP, Yadvinder-Singh and Bijay-Singh (1990) Relative efficiency of ammonium chloride under different agro-climatic conditions -A review. Fertiliser News 35(4):25-29.

165. Yadvinder-Singh, OP Meelu and Bijay-Singh (1990) Relative efficacy of calcium ammonium nitrate under different agro-climatic conditions - A review. Fertiliser News

35(4):41-45.

166. Yadvinder-Singh, CS Khind and Bijay-Singh (1991) Efficient management of leguminous green manures in wetland rice. Advances in Agronomy 45:135-189.

167. Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh and CS Khind (1992) Nutrient transformations in soils amended with green manures. Advances in Soil Science 20:237-309.

168. Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh and CS Khind (1992) Fertiliser management in soils amended with green manures. Fertiliser News 37(8): 41-45.

169. Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (1993) Rate limiting steps in nitrogen turnover; ecosystems based nitrogen needs and actual use. Proceedings Indian National Science Academy B59:173-182.

170. Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh and GS Sekhon (1995) Fertilizer use efficiency and nitrate pollution of groundwater in developing countries. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 20:167-184.

171. Pasricha NS, Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh and Khind, CS (1996) Integrated nutrient management for sustainable crop production. Journal of Research (Punjab Agricultural University) 33:101-117.

172. Aulakh MS and Bijay-Singh (1997) Nitrogen losses and N-use efficiency in porous soils. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 47:197-212.

173. Singh KG, SK Sondhi and Bijay-Singh (1999) Use of models to simulate nitrogen leaching in soils – a review. Hydrology Journal 22: 37-45.

174. Yadvinder-Singh and Bijay-Singh (2001) Efficient management of primary nutrients in the rice-wheat system. Journal of Crop Production 4: 23-86. (Published as a Chapter in: The Rice-Wheat Cropping System of South Asia: Efficient Production Management (ed: Palit K Kataki), Food Products Press, an imprint of The Haworth Press, Inc., 2001, pp. 23-86.)

175. Yadvinder-Singh and Bijay-Singh (2001) Potassium management in rice-wheat cropping system in South Asia. In: Potassium in Indian Agriculture (NS Pasricha and SK Bansal, eds.) pp. 175-194. Potash Research Institute of India, Gurgaon, Haryana, India.

176. Bijay-Singh, and Yadvinder-Singh (2002) Potassium nutrition of rice-wheat cropping system. In: Potassium for Sustainable Crop Production (NS Pasricha and SK Bansal, eds.) pp. 284-306. Potash Research Institute of India, Gurgaon, Haryana, India.

177. Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh, Patricia Imas and Xie Jian-chang (2004) Potassium nutrition of the rice-wheat cropping system. Advances in Agronomy 81: 203-259.

178. Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (2004) Balanced fertilisation for environmental quality- Punjab experience. Fertiliser News 49(4): 107-108, 111-113.

179. Bijay Singh, KS Dhillon and SK Dhillon. (2004) Spirit of the soil. Times Agriculture Journal 3(3): 30-32.

180. Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh and Jagadish Timsina (2005) Crop residue management for nutrient cycling and improving soil productivity in rice-based cropping systems in the tropics. Advances in Agronomy 85: 269-407.

181. Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh and J.K. Ladha (2005) Management of crop residues in rice-wheat cropping system in the Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia. Japan Association for International Cooperation of Agriculture and Forestry 28(1): 17-24.

182. Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh and JK Ladha (2005) Enhancing nitrogen use efficiency for sustainable rice-wheat production system in the Indo-Gangetic Plains. Japan Association for International Cooperation of Agriculture and Forestry 28(3): 2-13.

183. Bijay-Singh (2006) Enhancing nitrogen use efficiency in rice and wheat – challenges and options. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 54: 389-395.

184. Bijay-Singh, YH Shan, SE Johnson-Beebout, Yadvinder-Singh and RJ Buresh (2008) Crop residue management for lowland rice-based cropping systems in Asia. Advances in Agronomy 98: 117-199.

185. Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (2008) Reactive nitrogen in Indian agriculture: inputs, use efficiency and leakages. Current Science 94: 1382-1393.

186. Bijay-Singh (2008) Improving fertilizer nitrogen use efficiency in cropping systems – soil nitrogen needs critical consideration. Indian Agriculturist – Golden jubilee Number 2008: 158-170.

187. Bijay-Singh (2008) Crop demand-driven site specific nitrogen applications in rice (Oryza sativa) and wheat (Triticum aestivum): some recent advances. Indian Journal of Agronomy 53:157-166.

188. Bijay-Singh and JP Singh (2009) Nitrogen – a continuing enigma. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 57: 531-535.

189. Varinderpal-Singh, Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh, HS Thind and RK Gupta (2010) Need based nitrogen management using the chlorophyll meter and leaf colour chart in rice and wheat in South Asia: a review. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 88: 361 -380. DOI 10.1007/s10705-010-9363-7

190. Bijay-Singh (2010) Role of fertilizer best management practices in improving agricultural productivity. Indian Journal of Fertilisers 6(4): 13-16, 116.

191. Bijay-Singh (2010) Soil health –The challenges ahead. In: Proceedings of The Fertiliser Association of India Annual Seminar 2010. The Fertiliser Association of India. pp. SII-1/1 – SII-1/5.

ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN SYMPOSIA/CONFERENCE VOLUMES

192. Meelu OP, SP Palaniappan, Yadvinder-Singh and Bijay-Singh (1992) Integrated nutrient management in crops and cropping sequences for sustainable agriculture. In: Nutrient management for sustained productivity (MS Bajwa et al., eds.) volume I, pp. 101-114. Department of Soils, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.

193. Bajwa MS, Bijay-Singh and Parminder-Singh (1993) Nitrate pollution of groundwater under different systems of land management in Punjab. In: Proceedings of the First Agricultural Science Congress (Prem Narain, ed.) pp. 223-230. National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, New Delhi.

194. Meelu OP, Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, TS Khera and K Kumar (1994) Recycling of crop residues and green manuring for soil and crop productivity improvements in rice-wheat cropping system. In: Temperate Rice - Achievements and Potentials (E Humphreys, EA Murray, WS Clampett and LQ Lewin, eds.) volume 2, pp. 605-613. NSW Agriculture, P.O. Box 1087, Griffith, NSW, Australia.

195. Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh and GS Sekhon (1994) Fertilizer use efficiency and nitrate pollution of groundwater in developing countries. In: Proceedings XV World Soil Science Congress, volume Va, pp. 174-191. Acapulco, Mexico.

196. Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (1997) Green manuring and biological N fixation: North Indian perspective. In: Plant Nutrient Needs, Supply, Efficiency and Policy Issues: 2000-2025 (JS Kanwar and JC Katyal, eds.) pp. 29-44. National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, New Delhi, India.

197. Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (1998) Nitrogen use in agriculture and nitrate

pollution of groundwater in the north western India. In: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Agro-environmental Issues and Future Strategies: Towards 21 st Century . University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

198. Brar BS, Yadvinder-Singh, NS Dhillon and Bijay-Singh (1998) Long-term effects of inorganic fertilizers, organic manures and crop residues on the productivity and sustainability of a rice-wheat cropping system in north-west India. In: Long-term Soil Fertility Management through Integrated Plant Nutrient Supply (A Swarup, D Damodar Reddy and RN Prasad, eds.) pp. 169-182. Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, India.

199. Bijay-Singh, PR Gajri, J Timsina, Yadvinder-Singh and SS Dhillon (2002) Some issues on water and nitrogen dynamics in rice-wheat sequences on flats and beds in the Indo-Gangetic plains. In: Modelling Irrigated Cropping Systems, with special attention to Rice-Wheat Sequences and Raised Bed Planting. (E Humphreys and J Timsina, eds.) pp. 1-15. CSIRO Land and Water Technical Report 25/02. CSIRO Land and Water, Griffith, NSW, Australia.

200. Bijay-Singh, PK Sharma and Raj K Gupta (2006) Impact of rice-wheat cropping system on soil and water quality. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Soil, Water and Environmental Quality –Issues and Strategies. pp. 216-238. Indian Society of Soil Science, New Delhi, India.

201. Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (2006) Potassium imbalances and sustainability of the rice-wheat cropping systems in South Asia. In: Balanced Fertilization for Sustaining Crop Productivity (DK Benbi, MS Brar, SK Bansal, Eds.) pp. 157-177. International Potash Institute, Horgen, Switzerland.

202. Yadvinder-Singh, NK Brar, E Humphreys, Bijay-Singh, A Nayyar and J Timsina (2008) Yield and N use efficiency of permanent bed rice-wheat systems in north-western India: Effect of N fertilisation, mulching and crop establishment method. In: Permanent beds and rice residue management for rice-wheat systems in the Indo-Gangetic Plain (E Humphreys and CH Roth, Editors) pp. 62-78. ACIAR Proceedings No. 127. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, Canberra, Australia.

203. Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh and JK Ladha (2007) Efficient management of nutrients in rice-based cropping systems in Asia. In: Science, Technology, and Trade for Peace and Prosperity (PK Aggarwal, JK Ladha, RK Singh, C Devakumar and B Hardy, Editors) pp. 387-398. Proceedings of the 26th International Rice Research Conference, 9 -12 October 2006, New Delhi, India. International Rice Research Institute, Indian Council of agricultural research and National Academy of agricultural Sciences. Macmillan India Ltd., New Delhi, India.

204. Bijay-Singh, SE Johnson, YH Shan, Yadvinder-Singh and RJ Buresh (2007) Crop residue management options in rice-based cropping systems in Asia. In: Science,

Technology, and Trade for Peace and Prosperity (PK Aggarwal, JK Ladha, RK Singh, C Devakumar and B Hardy, Editors) pp. 699-711. Proceedings of the 26th International Rice Research Conference, 9 -12 October 2006, New Delhi, India. International Rice Research Institute, Indian Council of agricultural research and National Academy of agricultural Sciences. Macmillan India Ltd., New Delhi, India.

205. Bijay Singh (2009) Need to harmonize competing uses of crop residuesand sustaining natural resources quality. In: Souvenir - - 4th World Congress on Conservation Agriculture, 4–7 February 2009, New Delhi, India. pp. 44-46.

CHAPTERS CONTRIBUTED TO BOOKS

206. Bijay-Singh (1990) Fertilizer and environmental pollution. In: Environmental Management (GS Dhaliwal and VK Dilawari, eds.) pp. 24-26. Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (India).

207. Meelu OP, Yadvinder-Singh and Bijay-Singh (1991) Adaptation and successes of using green manuring crops in rice farming. In: Biological Nitrogen Fixation Associated with Rice Production (SK Dutta and Charles Sloger, eds.), pp. 315-327. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co., New Delhi.

208. Meelu OP, Yadvinder-Singh, Maskina MS, Bijay-Singh and Khind CS (1992) Balanced fertilisation with NPK and organic manures in rice. In: Balanced Fertiliser Use for Increasing Foodgrains Production in Northern States (G Dev, ed.). pp. 63-74. Potash and Phosphate Institute of Canada - India Programme, New Delhi.

209. Bijay-Singh and GS Dhaliwal (1993) Eutrophication: A threat to wetlands. In: Wetlands, Their Conservation and Management (GS Dhaliwal, BS Hansra and SS Ladhar, eds.) pp. 95-108. Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (India)

210. Bijay-Singh and Kansal BD (1994) Role of fertilizers in environmental pollution. In: Management of Agricultural Pollution in India (GS Dhaliwal and BD Kansal, eds.) pp. 138-56. Commonwealth Publishers, New Delhi.

211. Yadvinder-Singh, Ladha JK, Bijay-Singh and Khind CS (1994) Management of nutrient yields in green manure systems. In: Green Manure Production Systems for Asian Ricelands (JK Ladha and DP Garrity, eds.) pp. 125-153. International Rice Research Institute, P.O. Box 933, Manila 1099, Philippines

212. Meelu, OP, Yadvinder Singh, Bijay Singh and AL Bhandari (1995). Response to potassium application in rice-wheat rotation. In: Use of Potassium in Punjab Agriculture (G Dev and PS Sidhu, eds.) pp. 94-88. PPIC - India Programme, Gurgaon, Haryana.

213. Bijay-Singh (1995) Organic matter for lowland rice and upland wheat rotation system in India. In: Soil Organic Matter Management for Sustainable Agriculture (RDB Lefroy, GJ Blair, ET Craswell, eds.) pp. 78-82. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, Canberra, Australia.

214. Bijay-Singh (1996) Environmental aspects of nitrogen use in agriculture. In: Nitrogen Research and Crop Production (HLS Tandon, ed.) pp. 159-170. Fertiliser Development and Consultation Organisation, New Delhi, India.

215. Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh and OP Meelu (1996) Organic manuring and crop residue recycling for sustained soil and crop productivity in rice-wheat cropping system. In: Studies in Indian Agroecosystems (PS Pathak and B Gopal, eds.) pp. 73-83. National Institute of Ecology, New Delhi, India.

216. Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh and OP Meelu (1996) Management of soil organic matter for sustained productivity in rice-wheat system in India. In: Studies in Indian Agroecosystems (PS Pathak and B Gopal, eds.) pp. 85-90. National Institute of Ecology, New Delhi, India.

217. Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (1998) Integrated nutrient management for a sustainable rice-wheat system. In: Integrated Plant Nutrient Supply System for Sustainable Productivity. pp. 46-58. Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, India.

218. Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh, CS Khind and OP Meelu (2000) Phosphorus management for sustained crop production in rice-wheat cropping system in Northwest India. In: Long-term Soil Fertility Experiments in Rice-Wheat Cropping Systems (IP Abrol, KF Bronson, JM Duxbury and RK Gupta, eds.) pp. 22-30. Rice-Wheat Consortium Paper Series 6, Rice-Wheat Consortium for the Indo-Gangetic Plains, New Delhi, India.

219. Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, OP Meelu and CS Khind (2000) Long-term effects of organic manuring and crop residues on the productivity and sustainability of rice-wheat cropping system in Northwest India. In: Long-term Soil Fertility Experiments in Rice-Wheat Cropping Systems (IP Abrol, KF Bronson, JM Duxbury and RK Gupta, eds.) pp. 149-162. Rice-Wheat Consortium Paper Series 6, Rice-Wheat Consortium for the Indo-Gangetic Plains, New Delhi, India.

220. Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (2001) Concepts in nutrient management. In: Recent Advances in Agronomy (Guriqbal Singh, JS Kolar, HS Sekhon, eds.). pp. 92-109. Indian Society of Agronomy, New Delhi.

221. Bijay-Singh (2002) Soil pollution and its control. In: Fundamentals of Soil Science. pp. 499-514. Indian Society of Soil Science, New Delhi, India.

222. Samra JS, Bijay-Singh and Kuldip Kumar (2003) Managing crop residues in the rice-wheat system of the Indo-Gangetic plain. In: Improving the Productivity and Sustainability of Rice-Wheat Systems: Issues and Impacts (JK Ladha, JE Hill, JM Duxbury, RK Gupta and RJ Buresh, eds.) pp. 173-195. ASA Special Publication Number 65. American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.

223. Balasubramanian, JK Ladha, RK Gupta, RK Naresh, RS Mehla, Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (2003) Technology options for rice in the rice-wheat system in South Asia. In: Improving the Productivity and Sustainability of Rice-Wheat Systems: Issues and Impacts (JK Ladha, JE Hill, JM Duxbury, RK Gupta and RJ buresh, eds.) pp. 115-147. ASA Special Publication Number 65. American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.

224. Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (2003). Environmental implications of nutrient use and crop management in rice-based ecosystems. In: Rice Science: Innovations and Impact for Livelihood (TW Mew, DS Brar, S Peng, D Dawe and B. Hardy, eds.) pp. 463-477. International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines.

225. Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh and V.K. Nayyar (2003). Rice-wheat cropping systems in the Indo-Gangetic Plains of India: Characteristic features, fertilizer use and nutrient management issues. In: Nutrient Management for Sustainable Rice-Wheat Cropping System (Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, VK Nayyar and Jagmohan Singh, eds.). pp.1-17. National Agricultural Technology Project, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi and Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.

226. Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (2003). Recent concepts in nutrient management in rice-wheat cropping system. In: Nutrient Management for Sustainable Rice-Wheat Cropping System (Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, VK Nayyar and Jagmohan Singh, eds.). pp.18-39. National Agricultural Technology Project, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi and Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.

227. Yadvinder-Singh, H. Pathak and Bijay-Singh (2003). Soil testing for improved nitrogen fertilizer recommendations in rice-wheat cropping system. In: Nutrient Management for Sustainable Rice-Wheat Cropping System (Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, VK Nayyar and Jagmohan Singh, eds.). pp.40-55. National Agricultural Technology Project, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi and Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.

228. Pathak, H., Yadvinder-Singh and Bijay-Singh (2003). Soil tests for assessing phosphorus and potassium availability in rice-wheat cropping system. In: Nutrient Management for Sustainable Rice-Wheat Cropping System (Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, VK Nayyar and Jagmohan Singh, eds.). pp.56-78. National Agricultural Technology Project, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi and Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.

229. Pathak, H., Yadvinder-Singh and Bijay-Singh (2003). Site-specific nutrient management for improving the productivity of rice-wheat cropping system. In: Nutrient Management for Sustainable Rice-Wheat Cropping System (Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, VK Nayyar and Jagmohan Singh, eds.). pp.79-98. National Agricultural Technology Project, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi and Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.

230. Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (2003). Efficient nitrogen management in rice-wheat system in the Indo-Gangetic plains. In: Nutrient Management for Sustainable Rice-Wheat Cropping System (Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, VK Nayyar and Jagmohan Singh, eds.). pp. 99-114. National Agricultural Technology Project, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi and Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.

231. Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh and J.S. Bains (2003). Real-time nitrogen management using chlorophyll meter and leaf colour chart (LCC) in rice and wheat. In: Nutrient Management for Sustainable Rice-Wheat Cropping System (Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, VK Nayyar and Jagmohan Singh, eds.). pp.115-124. National Agricultural Technology Project, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi and Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.

232. Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (2003). Gaseous losses of nitrogen from soils under rice-wheat cropping system. In: Nutrient Management for Sustainable Rice-Wheat Cropping System (Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, VK Nayyar and Jagmohan Singh, eds.). pp.125-144. National Agricultural Technology Project, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi and Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.

233. Yadvinder-Singh and Bijay-Singh (2003). Phosphorus management in rice-wheat cropping system in the Indo-Gangetic plains. In: Nutrient Management for Sustainable Rice-Wheat Cropping System (Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, VK Nayyar and Jagmohan Singh, eds.). pp.145-160. National Agricultural Technology Project, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi and Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.

234. Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh and Monika Vashista (2003). Potassium nutrition of rice-wheat cropping system in the Indo-Gangetic plains. In: Nutrient Management for Sustainable Rice-Wheat Cropping System (Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, VK Nayyar and Jagmohan Singh, eds.). pp.161-186. National Agricultural Technology Project,

Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi and Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.

235. Yadvinder-Singh and Bijay-Singh (2003). Integrated plant nutrient supply systems for

sustainable rice-wheat rotation. In: Nutrient Management for Sustainable Rice-Wheat Cropping System (Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, VK Nayyar and Jagmohan Singh, eds.). pp.237-252. National Agricultural Technology Project, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi and Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.

236. Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh and R.K. Gupta (2003). Management of organic manures in rice- wheat cropping system In: Nutrient Management for Sustainable Rice-Wheat Cropping System (Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, VK Nayyar and Jagmohan Singh, eds.). pp.253-271. National Agricultural Technology Project, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi and Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.

237. Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (2003). Green manuring in rice-wheat cropping system. In: Nutrient Management for Sustainable Rice-Wheat Cropping System (Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, VK Nayyar and Jagmohan Singh, eds.). pp.272-285. National Agricultural Technology Project, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi and Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.

238. Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (2003). Management of crop residues in rice-wheat cropping system in the Indo-Gangetic plains. In: Nutrient Management for Sustainable Rice-Wheat Cropping System (Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, VK Nayyar and Jagmohan Singh, eds.). pp.286-301. National Agricultural Technology Project, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi and Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.

239. Gupta, R.P., Anu Kalia, Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh and M.S. Pandher (2003). Role of biofertilizers in rice-wheat cropping system. In: Nutrient Management for Sustainable Rice-Wheat Cropping System (Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, VK Nayyar and Jagmohan Singh, eds.). pp. 302-315. National Agricultural Technology Project, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi and Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.

240. Yadvinder-Singh and Bijay-Singh (2003). Lessons from long-term fertility experiments in rice-wheat system. In: Nutrient Management for Sustainable Rice-Wheat Cropping System (Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, VK Nayyar and Jagmohan Singh, eds.). pp.381-397. National Agricultural Technology Project, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi and Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.

241. Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (2003). Environmental implications of nutrient use and crop management in rice-wheat cropping system. In: Nutrient Management for Sustainable Rice-Wheat Cropping System (Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, VK Nayyar

and Jagmohan Singh, eds.). pp.398-412. National Agricultural Technology Project, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi and Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.

242. Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (2005).Efficient management of organic manures and crop residues in rice-wheat system in the North-west India. In: Soil Biodiversity, Ecological Processes and Landscape Management (PS Ramakrishnan, KG Saxena, MJ Swift, KS Rao and RK Maikhuri, eds.) pp. 177-193. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co., New Delhi.

243. Bijay-Singh (2006) Soil fertility: Integrated nutrient management, nitrogen as fertilizer and/or pollutant, and heavy metals. In: Trends in Soil Research. ISSS Bulletin No.23. pp. 79-91. Indian Society of Soil Science, New Delhi, India.

244. Bijay Singh, Yadvinder Singh and RK Gupta (2007) Nitrogen transformations and flows in agro-ecosystems – An overview. In: Agricultural Nitrogen Use & Its Environmental Implications (YP Abrol, N Raghuram and MS Sachdev, eds.) pp. 55-74. I.K. International Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, India.

245. Yadvinder Singh, Bijay Singh, JK Ladha, JP Singh and OP Choudhary (2007) Enhancing nitrogen use efficiency for sustainable rice-wheat production system in the Indo-Gangetic plains of India. In: Agricultural Nitrogen Use & Its Environmental Implications (YP Abrol, N Raghuram and MS Sachdev, eds.) pp. 139-164. I.K. International Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, India

246. Bijay Singh, EVS Prakasa Rao, Yadvinder Singh and K Puttanna (2007) Nitrate pollution of ground water vis-à-vis nitrogen fertilizer use in India. In: Agricultural Nitrogen Use & Its Environmental Implications (YP Abrol, N Raghuram and MS Sachdev, eds.) pp. 439-458. I.K. International Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, India.

247. Khurana MPS, US Sadana and Bijay-Singh (2008) Sulfur nutrition of crops in the Indo-Gangetic of South Asia. In: Sulfur: a Missing Link between Soils, Crops, and Nutrition (J Jez, ed.). pp. 11-24. Agronomy Monograph Number 50. American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.

248. Bijay Singh and Yadvinder Singh (2009) Soil quality management in irrigated agro-ecosystems. In: Fundamentals and Management of Soil Quality (Ramesh Chandra and SK Singh, eds.). pp. 164-182. Westville Publishing House, New Delhi, India

249. Bijay Singh and Yadvinder Singh (2009) Nutrient management in rice-wheat cropping system in the Indo-Gangetic plains in India. In: Resource Management in Rice-Wheat Cropping System (B Mishra, Jag Shoran, R Chatrath, SC Tripathi, SK Singh, SS Singh, eds.). Directorate of Wheat Research, Karnal 132 001, India.

250. Bijay-Singh and DK Das (2010) Soil pollution and its control. In: Fundamentals of Soil Science. pp. 669-691. Indian Society of Soil Science, New Delhi, India.

251. Bijay–Singh (2011) The nitrogen cycle: Implications for management, soil health and climate change. In: Soil Health and Climate Change (Bhupinderpal Singh, AL Cowie and KY Chan, eds.). Soil Biology. Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg. Pp. 107-129.

252. Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (2012) Site-specific nutrient management for improved nutrient use efficiency in rice and wheat-based cropping systems. In: Soil Science in the Service of Nation. Indian Society of Soil Science, New Delhi.

BOOKS AND RESEARCH BULLETINS

253. Meelu OP, Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh and AS Azad (1991) Integrated Plant Nutrition in Irrigated Wheat-Rice Cropping System. Terminal Report FAO Research Project, pp. 124, Department of Soils, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India

254. Bhajan Singh, VK Nayyar, SP Singh, RL Bansal and Bijay-Singh (eds.) (1992) Souvenir, International Symposium on Nutrient Management for Sustained Productivity, pp. 52. Department of Soils, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.

255. Meelu OP, Yadvinder-Singh and Bijay-Singh (1994) Green Manuring for Soil Productivity Improvement. World Soil Resources Reports 76, pp. 123. FAO, Rome.

256. Pasricha NS, Bijay-Singh and VK Nayyar (eds.)(1999) Dr. N.S.Randhawa – A Commemorative Volume. pp. 118. Ludhiana Chapter of the Indian Society of Soil Science and Department of Soils, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana

257. Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, VK Nayyar and Jagmohan Singh (eds.) (2003) Nutrient Management for Sustainable Rice-Wheat Cropping System . pp.412. National Agricultural Technology Project, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi and Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.

258. Humphreys E, S Thaman, A Prashar, PR Gajri, SS Dhillon, Yadvinder-Singh, A Nayyar, J Timsina and Bijay-Singh (2004) Productivity, water use efficiency and hydrology of wheat on beds and flats in Punjab, India. CSIRO Land and Water Technical Report 03/04. CSIRO Land and Water, Griffith, NSW 2680, Australia. 89 p.

259. Pathak, H, J Timsina, E Humphreys, Bijay-Singh, AK Shukla, U Singh and RB Matthews (2004) Simulation of rice crop performance and water and N dynamic, and methane emissions for rice in northwest India using CERES Rice model. CSIRO Land and Water Technical Report 23/04. CSIRO Land and Water, Griffith, NSW 2680, Australia. 111 p.

260. Bijay-Singh, MK Tiwari and YP Abrol (2008) Reactive nitrogen in agriculture, industry and environment in India. Indian National Science Academy, New Delhi. p. 42.

TECHNICAL/EXTENSION ARTICLES

261. Bijay-Singh (1975) Are fertilizers polluting ground water? Everyday Science 20(2): 43-46.

262. Bijay-Singh (1976) Man and the biosphere - a new UNESCO programme for better human environment. Everyday Science 21(6): 27-30.

263. Bijay-Singh (1978) The fertilizer use and groundwater pollution in the Punjab State. Everyday Science 23(9):31-35.

264. Bijay-Singh (1981) Environmental pollution and behaviour of toxic elements in the soil plant system. Everyday Science 26:51-55.

265. Kapur ML, DS Rana and Bijay-Singh (1982) Fertilizer responses of rainfed bengal gram in cultivator's fields. Fertiliser News 27(8):34-35.

266. Bijay-Singh and JC Katyal (1984) Relative efficiency of Ankur - a liquid nitrogenous fertilizer in rice and wheat. Fertiliser News 29(8):23-25.

267. Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh and MS Maskina (1987) Rice responds to higher N application in soils testing low in organic carbon. Progressive Farming 23(9) :13.

268. Maskina MS, Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (1987) Root injury to rice seedlings while uprooting has no adverse effect on yield. Progressive Farming 23(10):11-12.

269. Maskina MS, Yadvinder-Singh and Bijay-Singh (1990) Optimum transplanting of rice gives better yields. Progressive Farming 24(6): 16.

270. Bembi DK and Bijay-Singh (1991) Nitrogen management for different crops. Progressive Farming 27(6):7-8.

271. Maskina MS, Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (1991) Poultry manure as a source of nitrogen for rice. Progressive Farming 27(7):22

272. Khind CS, Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (1992) Alternative to chemical

fertilizers. The Tribune, June 18, 1992 :8

273. Kapoor ML, Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh and OP Meelu (1993) Effect of source and level of nitrogen application on the yield and quality of plant and ratoon crops of sugarcane. Fertiliser News 38(11):27-31.

274. Aulakh MS and Bijay-Singh (1994) N-threat of a different kind. The Tribune, July 14, 1994:15.

275. Khind CS and Bijay-Singh (1997) Nitrogen in green manure is as good as urea in rice. Progressive Farming 34(3):10

276. Sooch SS and Bijay-Singh (2000) Manure value of bio-digested slurry. Progressive Farming 37(5): 20-21.

277. Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh, CS Khind and RK Gupta (2002) Optimal phosphorus management in rice-wheat systems. Better Crops International 16(1): 12-13.

278. Bijay Singh, Meharban Singh and GPS Sodhi (2003) Leaf color chart for real-time fertilizer nitrogen management in rice. Progressive Farming 39(7): 24-25.

279. Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (2003) Using Leaf Colour Chart to make nitrogen recommendations in rice. Extension Folder, Department of Soils, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. 6 pp.

280. Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh and Meharban Singh (2004) Use leaf colour chart for efficient management of nitrogen in rice (in Punjabi). Progressive Farming 39(5): 13-14.

281. Yadvinder-Singh, CS Khind, Bijay-Singh (2005) Raise green manure crop in combine harvested wheat fields. Progressive Farming 41(3): 17-18. .

282. Bijay Singh, Yadvinder Singh and Meharban Singh (2005) Leaf colour chart (LCC) for nitrogen management in rice. Progressive Farming 41(4): 19-20.

283. Gupta RK, Yadvinder Singh, Varinderpal Singh and Bijay Singh (2006) Integrated nutrient management for improving soil and crop production in rice-whet crop rotation in north-western India. Indian Farming 56(4): 10-14.

284. Bijay Singh (2006) Nutrient management in rice. Indian Farming 56(7): 40-41.

285. Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh, Varinderpal-Singh and R.K.Gupta. 2006. Using leaf colour chart for need based nitrogen applications to rice. Extension bulletin 2006/9. Department of Soils, P.A.U., Ludhiana

286. Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh, Varinderpal-Singh and R.K.Gupta (2006) Patta rang chart apnao: Jhone nu urea lor anusar he pao (Adopt leaf colour chart and apply urea to rice as per need). Extension Bulletin No.2006/8. Department of Soils, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana.

287. Bijay Singh, Yadvinder Singh and Varinderpal Singh (2007) Use LCC to know nitrogen requirements of rice crop. Progressive Farming 43(5): 9-10.

288. Thind HS, Bijay Singh, and Yadvinder Singh (2008) Neem coated urea is better source of nitrogen in rice. Progressive Farming 44(7): 22.

289. Varinderpal Singh, Bijay Singh and HS Thind (2008) Use leaf colour chart to improve nitrogen use efficiency in rice. Progressive Farming 44(7): 11-12.

290. Khurana HS, Bijay-Singh, A Dobermann, SB Phillips, AS Sidhu and Yadvinder-Singh (2008) Site-specific nutrient management performance in a rice-wheat cropping system. Better Crops 92(4): 26-28.

291. Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh, Varinderpal-Singh, HS Thind and RK Gupta (2009) Jhone nu urae di lor jhone ton hi puchho (Ask rice itself for its need of urea). Extension Bulletin No. 2009/1. Department of Soils, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana.

292. Bijay Singh, Varinderpal Singh, Yadvinder Singh and RK Gupta (2009) Need based field specific nitrogen management in rice for high fertilizer use efficiency. Indian Farming 58(12): 11-14.

293. Varinderpal-Singh, Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (2009) Jhoney Noon Jooreey Dee Lorh Da Pata Lagaun Laee Kamyab Jantar – Patta Rang Chart (in Punjabi). Khetee Duneeaan 27 (15):19.

294. Harmandeep Singh, K.N. Sharma, Gagandeep Singh Dhillon, Amanpreet, Tejdeep Singh, Vicky Singh, Dinesh Kumar, Bijay Singh, and Harmandeep Singh (2010) On-farm Evaluation of Real-time Nitrogen Management in Rice. Better Crops 94(4):26-28.

295. Varinderpal-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh and Bijay-Singh (2011) Leaf colour chart aided nitrogen application in maize. Progressive Farming 47(4): 16-17.

PAPERS PRESENTED AT SYMPOSIA/CONFERENCES

1. Bijay-Singh (1977) Adsorption, desorption and solubility relationships of Zn, Pb and Cd in alkaline soils of Punjab. Presented at Northern Regional Meeting of the Indian Society of Soil Science Chapters held at Pantnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India

2. Bijay-Singh (1977) Fertilizer use and environmental pollution in the Punjab. Presented at Interdisciplinary Seminar on Environmental Studies/Habitat held at Chandigarh.

3. Bijay-Singh and JC Katyal (1980) Fertilizer nitrogen recovery of rice in 15N field studies. Presented at National Symposium on Nutrient Uptake by Plants and Animals at Bangalore.

4. Bijay-Singh, JC Katyal, PK Malhotra and ET Craswell (1982) Path Coefficient analysis of N nutrition on yield and yield components for the improvement of rice fertilization in a highly percolating soil. Presented at 47th Convention of the Indian Society of Soil Science held at Nagpur in October 1982.

5. Bijay-Singh, JC Katyal and BD Sharma (1983) Effect of soil moisture regimes and application of zinc on the soil solution chemistry in zinc and copper in an alluvial soil. Presented at the National Symposium on Plant Nutrition held at Lucknow on October 20-22, 1983.

6. Katyal JC, Bijay-Singh, RJ Buresh and PLG Vlek (1984) Nitrogen loss mechanisms in a heavily percolating upland soil. Presented at the 49th Annual Convention of the Indian Society of Soil Science held at New Delhi in December 1984.

7. Bijay-Singh, JC Ryden and A Wild (1985) Relationships between denitrification potential and forms of soil organic matter in field moist and air dried soils. Presented at the Workshop on Nitrogen in Agricultural Soils held at University of Reading, Reading, U.K. in December, 1985.

8. Azad AS, BR Arora, Bijay-Singh and GS Sekhon (1986) Influence of sewage water irrigation on lead enrichment of soils around Ludhiana. Presented at the National Seminar on Environmental Pollution and the Indian Scene, held at Patiala on February 28, 1986.

9. Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh, MS Maskina and OP Meelu (1987) Growth and N uptake of wetland rice as influenced by date of transplanting and N application. Presented at 52nd Annual Convention of the Indian Society of Soil Science held at Pune in November, 1988.

10. Bijay-Singh, MS Maskina, Yadvinder-Singh and OP Meelu (1989) Effect of poultry manure on yield of wetland rice and changes in soil fertility status in rice-wheat rotation. Presented at 54th Annual Convention of the Indian Society of Soil Science

held at Tirupati in October, 1989.

11. Meelu OP, Yadvinder-Singh and Bijay-Singh (1990) Green manuring research in Indian rice culture: A review. Presented at International Symposium on Natural Resources Management for a Sustainable Agriculture held at New Delhi on February 6-10, 1990.

12. Bhupinderpal-Singh, Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (1990) Urease activity and kinetics of urea hydrolysis in some soils of Punjab. Presented at 55th Annual Convention of the Indian Society of Soil Science held at Udaipur in December, 1990.

13. Bijay-Singh and Meelu OP (1991) Biological N2 fixation by Sesbania aculeata and fertilizer N equivalence of green manure in rice. Presented at 56th Annual convention of the Indian Society of Soil Science held at Dapoli in December 1991.

14. Bhupinderpal-Singh, Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (1992) Effect of substrate concentration, temperature and moisture regimes on the kinetics of nitrification in some soils of Punjab. Presented at International Symposium on Nutrient Management for Sustained Productivity held at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana in February, 1992.

15. Bajwa MS, Bijay-Singh and Parminder Singh (1992) Agriculture related nitrate pollution of groundwater in the Punjab. Presented at the First Agricultural Science Congress of the National Academy of Agricultural Sciences held at Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi in November, 1992.

16. Bijay-Singh and GS Dhaliwal (1993) Eutrophication: A threat to wetlands. Presented at Seminar on 'Wetlands, Their Conservation and Management' held at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (India) in February 1993.

17. Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh and G.S. Sekhon (1994) Fertilizer use efficiency and nitrate pollution of groundwater in developing countries. Presented at the XV World Soil Science Congress, held at Acapulco, Mexico in July, 1994.

18. Bijay-Singh (1994) Organic matter for lowland rice and upland wheat rotation systems in India. Presented at Workshop on Management of Soil Organic Matter for Sustainable Agriculture in Asia held at Ubon Ratchhathani, Thailand, August, 1994.

19. Khera, TS, OP Meelu, Yadvinder Singh and Bijay Singh (1995). Kinetics of N. mineralization from green manure and wheat-straw in soil. Paper presented at National Seminar on Development in Soil Science. 60th Annual Convention of the Indian Society of Soil Science held on November 2-5, 1995 at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana.

20. Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (1996) Green manuring and biological N fixation : North Indian perspective. Paper presented at the National Symposium on Plant

Nutrient Needs, Supply, Efficiency and Policy Issues: 2000-2025 held at CRIDA, Hyderabad. National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, New Delhi, India in April 1996.

21. Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (1996)Improving soil productivity through green manuring for maximizing sustainable rice yields in northern India. Paper presented at the 2nd International Crop Science Congress: Crop Productivity and Sustainability - Shaping the Future held at New Delhi on 17-24 November, 1996.

22. Meelu OP, Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, TS Khera and Kuldip Kumar (1996)Green manuring and crop residue management for soil and crop productivity improvement in rice-wheat cropping system. Paper presented at the 2nd International Crop Science Congress: Crop Productivity and Sustainability - Shaping the Future held at New Delhi on 17-24 November, 1996.

23. Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, OP Meelu and CS Khind (1996) Effect of organic manuring and crop residue recycling on sustainability of the rice-wheat cropping system. Paper presented at the 'Long-Term Soil Fertility Experiments Workshop' held at Surajkund, Haryana on 14-18 October, 1996 under the auspices of Rice-Wheat Consortium for the Indo-Gangetic Plains, New Delhi, India.

24. Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh, CS Khind and OP Meelu (1996) Fertilizer phosphorus management for sustained crop production in rice-wheat cropping system in north-west India. Paper presented at the 'Long-Term Soil Fertility Experiments Workshop' held at Surajkund, Haryana on 14-18 October, 1996 under the auspices of Rice-Wheat Consortium for the Indo-Gangetic Plains, New Delhi, India.

25. Bronson KF, Y Singh, Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh and U Singh (1997) Nitrogen-15 balances in rice-wheat systems of North India. Paper presented at the 1997 Annual meetings of the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America and Soil Science Society of America at Anaheim, California, USA on 26-31 October, 1997. Agronomy Abstracts, p 225.

26. Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (1998) Nitrogen use in agriculture and nitrate pollution of groundwater in the north western India. Paper presented at the International Symposium on Agro-environmental Issues and Future Strategies: Towards 21st Century. University of Agriculture, May 25-30, Faisalabad, Pakistan

27. Bijay-Singh, KF Bronson, Y Singh, Yadvinder-Singh, AK Bhardwaj and F Hussain (1998).Chlorophyll meter-based N management for rice in Asia. Paper presented at the 1998 Annual meetings of the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America and Soil Science Society of America at Baltimore, MD, USA on 18-22 October, 1998.

28. Bijay Singh, Yadvinder Singh, KF Bronson and CS Khind. (1999) Use of Chlorophyll Meter Technology for Nitrogen Management in Rice and Wheat in the

Coarse Textured Soils of Punjab, India. Paper presented at 2nd CREMNET meeting organized by International Rice Research Institute at Thanjavur, India on 24-27 August, 1999.

29. Bijay Singh, Yadvinder Singh, KF Bronson and CS Khind. (2000) Use of Chlorophyll Meter Technology for Nitrogen Management in Rice in the Coarse Textured Soils of Punjab, India. Paper presented at the International Conference on Managing Natural Resources for Sustainable Agricultural Production in the 21st Century at New Delhi on 14-18 February 2000.

30. Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (2001) Efficient management of organic manures and crop residues in rice-wheat system in the northwest India. Presented at the South Asian Workshop of the Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Programme held at School of Environmental Sciences, Jawahar Lal Nehru University, New Delhi from February 21-23, 2001.

31. Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (2001) Potassium nutrition of rice-wheat cropping system. Presented at International symposium on Importance of Potassium in Nutrient Management for Sustainable Crop production in India held at New Delhi from 3-5 December, 2001.

32. Bijay-Singh and PR Gajri (2002) Rice-wheat cropping in IGP/Punjab – Issues, Future directions, Soil, water and N management Issues. Presented at the International Workshop on Modeling Irrigated Cropping Systems with special attention to Rice-Wheat sequence and Raised Bed-Planting held at CSIRO Land and Water, Guelph, Australia from 25-28 February 2002.

33. Bijay-Singh and Yadvinder-Singh (2002) Environmental implications of nutrient use and crop management within rice-based ecosystems. Presented at the International Rice Congress held in Beijing, China in September, 2002.

34. Bijay-Singh, Yadvinder-Singh, JK Ladha, V Balasubramanian and CS Khind (2002) Chlorophyll meter-based nitrogen management for rice grown in soils amended with organic manures. Presented at the International Rice Congress held in Beijing, China in September, 2002.

35. Bijay-Singh (2003) Trends in Soil research: Soil Fertility including INM, Nitrogen as a fertilizer and/or pollutant and heavy metals. Presented at the symposium: ‘Trends in Soil Research’ at the 68th Annual convention of the Indian Society of Soil Science held at Kanpur, November 4-8, 2003.

36. Bijay-Singh (2004) Environmental implications of nutrient use and crop management in rice-wheat cropping systems in South Asia. Presented at 10th International Congress of Soil Science held at Sindh Agricultural University, Tandojam, Hyderabad, Pakistan, March 16-19, 2004.

37. Bijay-Singh and Anshujit Virk (2004) Nitrogen mineralization potential of rice-wheat soils amended with organic manures and crop residues. Presented at 69th Annual Convention of the Indian Society of Soil Science held at ANGR Agricultural University, Hyderabad, October 27-30, 2004.

38. Bijay-Singh, PK Sharma and Raj K Gupta (2005) Impact of rice-wheat cropping system on soil and water quality. Presented at International Conference on Soil, Water and Environmental Quality held at New Delhi, January 28- February 1, 2005.

39. Bijay Singh and Yadvinder Singh (2005) Managing residues in rice-wheat system. Presented at workshop on: Managing Crop Residue for Healthy Soils in Rice Ecosystems held at Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Changsha, China. 21-25 September 2005

40. Bijay Singh (2006) Optical sensors for nitrogen management in rice and wheat. Presented at Workshop on Optical sensors organized by CIMMYT India, New Delhi on 26 July 2006

41. Bijay Singh (2006) On-farm crop residue management options in rice-based cropping systems in Asia. Presented at the International Rice Congress 2006 held in New Delhi, India in October 2006.

42. Bijay Singh (2006) Enhancing Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Rice and Wheat – Challenges and Options. 24th Professor J.N. Mukherjee – ISSS Foundation Lecture delivered at the 71st Annual Convention of the Indian Society of Soil Science held at Bhubaneswar, Orissa, November, 2006.

43. Bijay-Singh (2007) Potassium Imbalances and Sustainability of the Rice-Wheat Cropping Systems in South Asia. Presented at International Symposium on Balanced fertilization for sustainability of crop productivity at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India, 22-25 November, 2006.

44. Bijay Singh (2007) In-season estimation of yield potential and nitrogen management using hand-held GreenSeekerTM

optical sensor in the rice-wheat system in the Indo-Gangetic plain. Presented at the 4th International Nitrogen Conference held at Costa do Sauipe, Bahia, Brazil, 1-5 October, 2007

45. Bijay Singh (2007) Improving Nutrient Management in Rice in the Indo-Gangetic Plain in India - the role of IRRI/IRRC. Presented at Irrigated Rice Research Consortium steering Committee Meeting held at Hanoi, Vietnam, 8-10 October, 2007.

46. Bijay Singh (2008) Residue management in rice-wheat system. Presented at seminar on: Basic and strategic research for enhancing productivity and sustainability in wheat held at 47th All India Wheat and Barley Research Workers’ meet, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, August 17-20, 2008.

47. Bijay Singh (2009) Fertilizers, pesticides and food quality. Present at national symposium on ‘Nutrient: From Farm to Feast’ held at Khalsa college for Women, Amritsar, March 7, 2009.

48. Bijay Singh (2009) Efficient Management of Nutrients in Cereal-based Cropping Systems. Presented at Regional Workshop for SAARC countries on – Nutrient Use Efficiency in Agriculture held at CSSRI, Karnal, September 9-11, 2009.

49. Bijay Singh (2009) Nitrogen Management in Agro-ecosystems: Some Recent Advances. Professor Krishna Sahai Bilgrami memorial award lecture delivered at OUAT, Bhubaneswar under the auspices of INSA local chapter, October, 7, 2009.

50. Bijay Singh and Yadvinder Singh (2009) Site-specific nutrient management for improved nutrient use efficiency in rice and wheat based cropping systems. Presented at the Indian Society of Soil Science Platinum Jubilee symposium on Enhancing Nutrient and Water Use Efficiency for Improving Crop Productivity and Environmental Quality - New Dimensions held at IARI, New Delhi on December 23, 2009.

51. Bijay Singh (2010) Productivity and Fertility of Soils in the Indo-Gangetic plains of South Asia. Presented at the International Conference on Soil Fertility and Soil Productivity - Two Features to be Distinguished, Differences of Efficiency of Soils for Land Uses, Expenditures and Returns, at Humboldt Universität, Germany, Berlin, Germany from 17 to 20 March, 2010.

52. Bijay Singh (2010) Need-based fertilizer nitrogen applications to crops – A need of the time. Presented at National Seminar on Fertilizers and Environment held at University of Calcutta, Kolkata on 26th June 2010.

53. Bijay Singh (2010) Nitrate pollution of groundwater in Indian agriculture. Presented at the International Conference on Plant Nutrition held at ICRISAT, Patancheru, Hyderabad from 11th to 13th August, 2010.

54. Bijay Singh (2010) Potassium Imbalances – A threat to sustainability of the rice-wheat cropping system in the Indo-Gangetic plains. Presented at the national seminar on Potassium in Soils and Crop Health held at Amity University, Noida on 1st October, 2010.

55. Bijay Singh (2010) Soil Health – The Challenges Ahead. Presented at the Fertiliser Association of India Annual Seminar 2010 held at New Delhi from 29th November to 1st December, 2010.

56. Bijay Singh (2010) Site-specific need-based fertilizer nitrogen applications to crops – A need of the time. Presented at the 5th International Nitrogen Conference held at New Delhi from 3rd to 7th December, 2010.

57. Bijay Singh (2011) Anthropogenic Interventions in the Nitrogen Cycle: Implications for Soil health and Climate Change. Dr. Gurcharan Singh Sekhon Memorial lecture of the Indian Society of Soil Science delivered at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana on 29 September, 2011.

58. Bijay Singh (2011) Need-based nitrogen management for sustainable high productivity and fertilizer use efficiency in agro-ecosystems. Keynote address delivered at the session on Cropping Systems & Sustainable Management in the 10th International Conference of the East and South-east Asia Federation of the Soil Science Societies, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 10-11, October, 2011.

59. Bijay Singh (2011) Potassium imbalance: A threat to sustainability of agro-ecosystems. Presented at the International Symposium on Role of Potassium in sustaining the yield and its quality. Kandy, Sri Lanka, 27- 28 October, 2011.

60. Bijay Singh (2012) Anthropogenic Interventions in the Nitrogen Cycle:Implications for Soil health and Climate Change. Delivered at National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan on 18 January, 2012.