Responding to Big Business:
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Transcript of Responding to Big Business:
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Responding to Big Business:
Unions and the Populist Party
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Workers Need Countervailing Power of Unions
Bargain as a large group with strike as a potential weapon;
Provide insurance and other benefits;
Organization of political power; lobbying and perhaps political party.
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Unequal Match:Homestead Strike, 1892
Homestead, PA: Large Carnegie Steel Plant
In 1892, Andrew Carnegie and William Frick Cut Wages.
Union (Amalgamated) Protested; Carnegie and Frick Locked Out Union.
Documentary Explains What Happened.
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Homestead Revealed Inequality Economic Power of the Capitalists
(Plant Closures, Pinkerton Detectives)
State Militia Sided with Capitalists Immigration Provided Plenty of
Strikebreakers
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One Response: American Federation of Labor
Samuel Gompers--Former Socialist
Central Leadership for Craft Unions
1886: 50,000 Members; 1906: 1.6 Million Workers
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Pragmatic Exclusion:“Pure and Simple Unionism” Reformist; Accepted Industrial
Capitalism Craft Unionism: Skilled Workers;
Craft Autonomy; Economic Goals Exclusive: Anti-Immigrant Exclusive: Accepted Segregation Exclusive: Against Working Women
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The Rise and Fall of the Populist Party
Farmers in the Age of Big Business
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Some Preliminary Definitions A populist: Somebody who
appeals directly to the people.
Populist Party: Specific political party concentrated in the Plains States and the South in the 1890s.
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Problems Facing Farmers
Low Prices for Output, High Interest Rates
Railroads (Rates 4 Times Higher than Eastern Manufacturers)
Farmers under attack (“Hayseed” Stereotype)
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Primary Populist Solution: Monetary Reform & Inflation
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Why Farmer Smith Supported Free Silver and Silver Standard Imagine Farmer Smith Produces
Grain Worth $2,000 Per Year and Has Mortgage of $2,000.
Silver Doubles Money Supply and Prices Rise 100 percent.
Farmer Smith Now Makes $4,000 per year. PROSPERITY!!!
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Wizard of Oz as Populist Allegory
Frank Baum, 1900
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Was Silver and Inflation a Viable Long-term Solution?
A. Yes
B. No
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Wizard of Oz as Populist Allegory Frank Baum,
1900 Symbolism of
Characters
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What Was the Color of Dorothy’s Shoes?
A. Ruby Red
B. Silver
C. Gold
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Wizard of Oz as Populist Allegory
Frank Baum, 1900
Symbolism of Characters
Dorothy’s Shoes
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Wizard of Oz as Populist Allegory
Frank Baum, 1900
Symbolism of Characters
Dorothy’s Shoes
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Wizard of Oz as Populist Allegory
Frank Baum, 1900
Symbolism of Characters
Dorothy’s Shoes
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Wizard of Oz as Populist Allegory
Frank Baum, 1900
Symbolism of Characters
Dorothy’s Shoes Wizard and End
of Story
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Back to Reality: Formation
of the Populist Party Early
Forerunners: The Grange and the Farmers Alliance.
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Back to Reality: Formation
of the Populist Party Early
Forerunners: The Grange and the Farmers Alliance.
The People’s Party (1890).
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Back to Reality: Formation
of the Populist Party Early Forerunners:
The Grange and the Farmers Alliance.
The People’s Party (1890).
Presidential Election of 1892: 9 percent of the popular vote.
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Pivotal Election of 1896
William Jennings Bryan, Cross of Gold Speech
Fusion Ticket with Demos, Populists
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Pivotal Election of 1896 William Jennings
Bryan, Cross of Gold Speech
Fusion Ticket with Demos, Populists
William McKinley, Republicans
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Why Bryan Lost in 1896
Little Appeal to Many Industrial Workers
Little Appeal to Middle Class